SINO Sino Global Shipping America Ltd

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Six Months ended December 31, 2022

Note 1. ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF BUSINESS

The Company is a global logistics integrated solution provider that was founded in the United States in 2001. On September 18, 2007, the Company amended its Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws to merge into a new corporation, Sino-Global Shipping America, Ltd. in Virginia. The Company primarily focuses on providing logistics and support to businesses in the Peoples’ Republic of China (“PRC”)  and the United States. On January 3, 2022, the Company changed its corporate name from Sino-Global Shipping America, Ltd. to Singularity Future Technology Ltd. to reflect its expanded operations into the digital assets business.

The Company conducted its business primarily through its wholly-owned subsidiaries in the PRC (including Hong Kong) and the United States, where the majority of its clients are located. As of December 31, 2022, the Company operated in two segments: (1) freight logistics services, which were operated by its subsidiaries in both the United States and PRC, and (2) the sale of crypto-mining machines, which were operated by its subsidiaries in the United States.

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) starting from late January 2020 in the PRC has spread rapidly to many parts of the world. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 as a pandemic and has resulted in quarantines, travel restrictions, and the temporary closure of stores and business facilities in China and the U.S. Given the rapidly expanding nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, and because substantially all of the Company’s business operations and its workforce are concentrated in China and the U.S., the Company’s business, results of operations, and financial condition have been adversely affected. In early December 2022, Chinese government eased the strict control measure for COVID-19, which has led to surge in increased infections and disruption in our business operations. Any future impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s China operation results will depend on, to a large extent, future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and resurgence of COVID-19 variants and the actions taken by government authorities to contain COVID-19 or treat its impact, almost all of which are beyond our control.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s subsidiaries included the following:

Restatement of previously issued financial statements

The Company discovered error in revenue recognition in its subsidiary SGS NY during the audit for the year ended June 30, 2022 that $980,200 of revenue recognized in freight logistics did not meet revenue recognition criteria for the six months ended December 31, 2021.

In addition, in connection with the Company’s restatement for the financial statements as of and for the year ended June 30, 2021, the Company also restated its recovery (provision) for doubtful accounts, net related to its other receivables.

Effects of the restatement is as follows:

Note 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

(a) Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and include the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Prior to December 31, 2021, Sino-China was considered a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”), with the Company as the primary beneficiary. The Company, through Trans Pacific Beijing, entered into certain agreements with Sino-Global Shipping Agency Ltd. (“Sino-China”), pursuant to which the Company received 90% of Sino-China’s net income.

As a VIE, Sino-China’s revenues were included in the Company’s total revenues, and any income/loss from operations was consolidated with that of the Company. Because of contractual arrangements between the Company and Sino-China, the Company had a pecuniary interest in Sino-China that required consolidation of the financial statements of the Company and Sino-China.

The Company has consolidated Sino-China’s operating results in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810-10, “Consolidation”. The agency relationship between the Company and Sino-China and its branches was governed by a series of contractual arrangements pursuant to which the Company had substantial control over Sino-China. Management makes ongoing reassessments of whether the Company remains the primary beneficiary of Sino-China. On December 31, 2021, the Company entered into a series of agreements to terminate its VIE structure and deconsolidated its formerly controlled entity Sino-China.

(b) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company follows the provisions of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

Level 1 — Observable inputs such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities available at the measurement date.

Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that reflect management’s assumptions based on the best available information.

The carrying value of accounts receivable, other receivables, other current assets, and current liabilities approximate their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

(c) Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Estimates are adjusted to reflect actual experience when necessary. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Company’s unaudited condense consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, fair value of stock-based compensation, cost of revenues, allowance for credit losses, impairment loss, deferred income taxes, income tax expense and the useful lives of property and equipment. The inputs into the Company’s judgments and estimates consider the economic implications of COVID-19 on the Company’s critical and significant accounting estimates. Since the use of estimates is an integral component of the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates.

(d) Translation of Foreign Currency

The accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the “functional currency”). The Company’s functional currency is the U.S. dollar (“USD”) while its subsidiaries in the PRC, including Trans Pacific Beijing and Trans Pacific Shanghai report their financial positions and results of operations in Renminbi (“RMB”), its subsidiary Sino-Global Shipping (HK), Ltd. reports its financial positions and results of operations in Hong Kong dollar (“HKD”). The accompanying consolidated unaudited condensed financial statements are presented in USD. Foreign currency transactions are translated into USD using the fixed exchange rates in effect at the time of the transaction. Generally, foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company translates the foreign currency financial statements in accordance with ASC 830-10, “Foreign Currency Matters”. Assets and liabilities are translated at current exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China at the balance sheets’ dates and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates in effect during the year. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as other comprehensive loss and accumulated other comprehensive loss as a separate component of equity of the Company, and also included in non-controlling interests.

The exchange rates as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022 and for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:

(e) Cash

Cash consists of cash on hand and cash in bank which are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use. The Company maintains cash with various financial institutions mainly in the PRC, Australia, Hong Kong and the U.S. As of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022, cash balances of $86,621 and $143,044, respectively, were maintained at financial institutions in the PRC. None of these balances are not covered by insurance as the deposit insurance system in China only insured each depositor at one bank for a maximum of approximately $70,000 (RMB 500,000). As of, December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022, cash balances of $35,978,756 and $55,636,636, respectively, were maintained at U.S. financial institutions. $34,637,312 and $53,869,575 of these balances are not covered by insurance, as each U.S. account was insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or other programs subject to $250,000 limitations. The Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board pays compensation up to a limit of HKD 500,000 (approximately $64,000) if the bank with which an individual/a company holds its eligible deposit fails. As of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022, cash balances of $2,289 and $51,701, respectively, were maintained at financial institutions in Hong Kong and were insured by the Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board. As of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022, cash balances of nil and $192, respectively, were maintained at Australia financial institutions, and were insured as the Australian government guarantees deposits up to AUD 250,000 (approximately $172,000). As of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022, amount of deposits the Company had covered by insurance amounted to $1,430,354 and $1,961,997, respectively.

(f) Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies, mainly bitcoin, are included in current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Cryptocurrencies purchased are recorded at cost. Fair value of the cryptocurrency award received is determined using the quoted price of the related cryptocurrency at the time of receipt.

Cryptocurrencies held are accounted for as intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. An intangible asset with an indefinite useful life is not amortized but assessed for impairment annually, or more frequently, when events or changes in circumstances occur indicating that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived asset is impaired. Impairment exists when the carrying amount exceeds its fair value, which is measured using the quoted price of the cryptocurrency at the time its fair value is being measured. In testing for impairment, the Company has the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that an impairment exists. If it is determined that it is not more likely than not that an impairment exists, a quantitative impairment test is not necessary. If the Company concludes otherwise, it is required to perform a quantitative impairment test. To the extent an impairment loss is recognized, the loss establishes the new cost basis of the asset. Subsequent reversal of impairment losses is not permitted.

(g) Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses

Accounts receivable are presented at net realizable value. The Company maintains allowances for credit losses. The Company reviews the accounts receivable on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowances when there is doubt as to the collectability of individual receivable balances. In evaluating the collectability of individual receivable balances, the Company considers many factors, including the age of the balances, customers’ historical payment history, their current credit-worthiness and current economic trends. The estimate of expected credit losses is based on information about past events, current economic conditions, and forecasts of future economic conditions that affect collectability. Receivables are generally considered past due after 180 days. The Company reserves 25%-50% of the customers balance aged between 181 days to 1 year, 50%-100% of the customers balance over 1 year and 100% of the customers balance over 2 years. Accounts receivable are written off against the allowances only after exhaustive collection efforts.

Other receivables represent mainly customer advances, prepaid employee insurance and welfare benefits, which will be subsequently deducted from the employee payroll, project advances as well as office lease deposits. Management reviews its receivables on a regular basis to determine if the credit loss is adequate, and adjusts the allowance when necessary. The estimate of expected credit losses is based on information about past events, current economic conditions, and forecasts of future economic conditions that affect collectability. Delinquent account balances are written-off against allowance for credit losses after management has determined that the likelihood of collection is not probable. Other receivables are written off against the allowances only after exhaustive collection efforts.

(h) Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Historical cost comprises its purchase price and any directly attributable costs of bringing the assets to its working condition and location for its intended use. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:

The carrying value of a long-lived asset is considered impaired by the Company when the anticipated undiscounted cash flows from such asset is less than its carrying value. If impairment is identified, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the long-lived asset. Fair value is determined primarily using the anticipated cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved or based on independent appraisals. For the three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, no impairment were recorded, respectively.

(i) Investments in unconsolidated entity

Entities in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but does not have a controlling interest, are accounted for using the equity method. Significant influence is generally considered to exist when the Company has voting shares representing 20% to 50%, and other factors, such as representation on the board of directors, voting rights and the impact of commercial arrangements, are considered in determining whether the equity method of accounting is appropriate. Under this method of accounting, the Company records its proportionate share of the net earnings or losses of equity method investees and a corresponding increase or decrease to the investment balances. Dividends received from the equity method investments are recorded as reductions in the cost of such investments. The Company generally considers an ownership interest of 20% or higher to represent significant influence. The Company accounts for the investments in entities over which it has neither control nor significant influence, and no readily determinable fair value is available, using the investment cost minus any impairment, if necessary.

Investments are evaluated for impairment when facts or circumstances indicate that the fair value of the long-term investment is less than its carrying value. An impairment loss is recognized when a decline in fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary. The Company reviews several factors to determine whether a loss is other-than-temporary. These factors include, but are not limited to, the: (i) nature of the investment; (ii) cause and duration of the impairment; (iii) extent to which fair value is less than cost; (iv) financial condition and near term prospects of the investment; and (v) ability to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. On January 10, 2020, the Company entered into a cooperation agreement with Mr. Shanming Liang, a shareholder of the Company, to set up a joint venture in New York named LSM Trading Ltd. (“LSM”) in which the Company holds a 40% equity interest. Mr. Shanming Liang subsequently transferred his shares to Guanxi Golden Bridge Industry Group Co., Ltd in October 2021. For the year ended June 30, 2022, the Company invested $210,000 and recorded $47,181 investment loss. The joint venture has not started its operations due to COVID-19 and substantially all of the Company’s investment was deposited in bank account with LSM and LSM has only incurred some administrative expenses. The Company recorded $31,844 and $34,458 investment loss for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022. No events have occurred that indicated other-than-temporary impairment existed for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022.

(j) Convertible notes

The Company evaluates its convertible notes to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivatives. The result of this accounting treatment is that the fair value of the embedded derivative is recorded at fair value each reporting period and recorded as a liability. In the event that the fair value is recorded as a liability, the change in fair value is recorded in the statements of operations as other income or expense.

(k) Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue which represents the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in such exchange. The Company identifies contractual performance obligations and determines whether revenue should be recognized at a point in time or over time, based on when control of goods and services transfers to a customer.

The Company uses a five-step model to recognize revenue from customer contracts. The five-step model requires the Company to (i) identify the contract with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, including variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation.

For the Company’s freight logistic, the Company provided transportation services which includes mainly shipping services. The Company derived transportation revenue from sales contracts with its customers with revenues being recognized upon performance of services. Sales price to the customer was fixed upon acceptance of the sales contract and there was no separate sales rebate, discount, or other incentive. The Company’s revenues were recognized at a point in time after all performance obligations were satisfied 

For the Company’s warehouse services, which are included in the freight logistic services, the Company’s contracts provide the customer an integrated service that includes two or more services, including but not limited to warehousing, collection, first-mile delivery, drop shipping, customs clearance packaging, etc. Accordingly, the Company generally identifies one performance obligation in its contracts, which is a series of distinct services that remain substantially the same over time and possess the same pattern of transfer. Revenue is recognized over the period in which services are provided under the terms of the Company’s contractual relationships with its clients. 

Accordingly, the Company generally identifies one performance obligation in its contracts, which is a series of distinct services that remain substantially the same over time and possess the same pattern of transfer. Revenue is recognized over the period in which services are provided under the terms of the Company’s contractual relationships with its clients.

The transaction price is based on the amount specified in the contract with the customer and contains fixed and variable consideration. In general, the fixed consideration in a contract represents facility and equipment costs incurred to satisfy the performance obligation and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract. The variable consideration is comprised of cost reimbursement determined based on the costs incurred. Revenue relating to variable pricing is estimated and included in the consideration if it is probable that a significant revenue reversal will not occur in the future. The estimate of variable consideration is determined by the expected value or most likely amount method and factors in current, past and forecasted experience with the customer. Customers are billed based on terms specified in the revenue contract and they pay us according to approved payment terms.

Revenue for the above services is recognized on a gross basis when the Company controls the services as it has the obligation to (i) provide all services (ii) bear any inventory risk for warehouse services. In addition, the Company has control to set its selling price to ensure it would generate profit for the services.

For the six months ended December 31, 2022, the Company engaged in resale of cryptocurrency mining equipment.

On January 10, 2022, the Company’s joint venture, Thor Miner, entered into a Purchase and Sale Agreement with SOS Information Technology New York Inc. (the “Buyer”). Pursuant to the Purchase and Sale Agreement, Thor Miner agreed to sell and the Buyer agreed to purchase certain cryptocurrency mining equipment.

The Company’s performance obligation is to deliver products according to contract specifications. The Company recognizes product revenue at a point in time when the control of products or services are transferred to customers. To distinguish a promise to provide products from a promise to facilitate the sale from a third party, the Company considers the guidance of control in ASC 606-10-55-37A and the indicators in 606-10-55-39. The Company considers this guidance in conjunction with the terms in the Company’s arrangements with both suppliers and customers.

In general, revenue is recognized on a gross basis when the Company controls the products as it has the obligation to (i) fulfill the products delivery and custom clearance (ii) bear any inventory risk as legal owners. In addition, when establishing the selling prices for delivery of the resale products, the Company has control to set its selling price to ensure it would generate profit for the products delivery arrangements. If the Company is not responsible for provision of product and does not bear inventory risk, the Company recorded revenue on a net basis.

For the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized the sale of cryptocurrency mining equipment based on net basis as the manufacturer of the products are responsible for shipping and custom clearing for the products.

Contract balances

The Company records receivables related to revenue when the Company has an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment.

Deferred revenue consists primarily of customer billings made in advance of performance obligations being satisfied and revenue being recognized. Contract balance amounted to $204,442 and $72,095 for the six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company’s disaggregated revenue streams are described as follows:

Disaggregated information of revenues by geographic locations are as follows:

(l) Leases

The Company adopted FASB ASU 2016-02, “Leases” (Topic 842) for the year ended June 30, 2020, and elected the practical expedients that does not require us to reassess: (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are, or contain, leases, (2) lease classification for any expired or existing leases and (3) initial direct costs for any expired or existing leases. For lease terms of twelve months or fewer, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election not to recognize lease assets and liabilities. The Company also adopted the practical expedient that allows lessees to treat the lease and non-lease components of a lease as a single lease component. Upon adoption, the Company recognized right of use (“ROU”) assets and same amount of lease liabilities based on the present value of the future minimum rental payments of leases, using an incremental borrowing rate of 7% based on the duration of lease terms.

Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the adoption date or the commencement date, whichever is earlier, based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Since the implicit rate for the Company’s leases is not readily determinable, the Company use its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow, on a collateralized basis, an amount equal to the lease payments, in a similar economic environment and over a similar term.

Lease terms used to calculate the present value of lease payments generally do not include any options to extend, renew, or terminate the lease, as the Company does not have reasonable certainty at lease inception that these options will be exercised. The Company generally considers the economic life of its operating lease ROU assets to be comparable to the useful life of similar owned assets. The Company has elected the short-term lease exception, therefore operating lease ROU assets and liabilities do not include leases with a lease term of twelve months or less. Its leases generally do not provide a residual guarantee. The operating lease ROU asset also excludes lease incentives. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company reviews the impairment of its ROU assets consistent with the approach applied for its other long-lived assets. The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on its ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows of the related operations. The Company has elected to include the carrying amount of operating lease liabilities in any tested asset group and include the associated operating lease payments in the undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows.

(m) Taxation

Because the Company and its subsidiaries and Sino-China were incorporated in different jurisdictions, they file separate income tax returns. The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Deferred taxes, if any, are recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. A valuation allowance is provided against deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that the asset will not be utilized in the future.

The Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. The Company had no uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Income tax returns for the years prior to 2018 are no longer subject to examination by U.S. tax authorities.

PRC Enterprise Income Tax

PRC enterprise income tax is calculated based on taxable income determined under the PRC Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“PRC GAAP”) at 25%. Sino-China and Trans Pacific Beijing were incorporated in the PRC and are subject to the Enterprise Income Tax Laws of the PRC.

PRC Value Added Taxes and Surcharges

The Company is subject to value added tax (“VAT”). Revenue from services provided by the Company’s PRC subsidiaries are subject to VAT at rates ranging from 9% to 13%. Entities that are VAT general taxpayers are allowed to offset qualified VAT paid to suppliers against their VAT liability. Net VAT liability is recorded in taxes payable on the consolidated balance sheets.

In addition, under the PRC regulations, the Company’s PRC subsidiaries and VIE are required to pay city construction tax (7%) and education surcharges (3%) based on the net VAT payments.

(n) Earnings (loss) per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to holders of common stock of the Company by the weighted average number of shares of common stock of the Company outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock of the Company were exercised or converted into common stock of the Company. Common stock equivalents are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share if their effects would be anti-dilutive.

For the three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, there was no dilutive effect of potential shares of common stock of the Company because the Company generated net loss.  

(o) Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The Company reports comprehensive income (loss) in accordance with the authoritative guidance issued by Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) which establishes standards for reporting comprehensive income (loss) and its component in financial statements. Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to revenue, expenses, gains and losses that under US GAAP are recorded as an element of stockholders’ equity but are excluded from net income. Other comprehensive income (loss) consists of a foreign currency translation adjustment resulting from the Company not using the U.S. dollar as its functional currencies.

(p) Stock-based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation awards to employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation”, which requires that stock-based payment transactions with employees be measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity instrument issued and recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service period. The Company records stock-based compensation expense at fair value on the grant date and recognizes the expense over the employee’s requisite service period.

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation awards to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 amended by ASU 2018-07. Under FASB ASC Topic 718, stock compensation granted to non-employees has been determined as the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of equity instrument issued, whichever is more reliably measured and is recognized as an expense as the goods or services are received.  

Valuations of stock-based compensation are based upon highly subjective assumptions about the future, including stock price volatility and exercise patterns. The fair value of share-based payment awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Expected volatilities are based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercise and employee terminations. The expected term of options granted represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free rate for periods within the expected life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant.

(q) Risks and Uncertainties

The Company’s business, financial position and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic, health and legal environments in the PRC, as well as by the general state of the PRC economy. The Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic, health and legal environments and foreign currency exchange. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in the political, regulatory and social conditions in the PRC, and by changes in governmental policies or interpretations with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion, remittances abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 as a pandemic. Given the rapidly expanding nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, and because substantially all of the Company’s business operations and the workforce are concentrated in China and United States, the Company’s business, results of operations, and financial condition have been adversely affected for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022. The situation remains highly uncertain for any further outbreak or resurgence of the COVID-19. It is therefore difficult for the Company to estimate the impact on the business or operating results that might be adversely affected by any further outbreak or resurgence of COVID-19.

(r) Disposal of subsidiaries and VIE 

On December 31, 2021, the Company entered into a series of agreements to terminate its VIE structure and deconsolidated its formerly controlled entity Sino-Global Shipping Agency Ltd. (“Sino-China”). The Company controlled Sino-China through its wholly owned subsidiary Trans Pacific Beijing. The Company made the decision to dissolve the VIE structure and Sino-China because Sino-China has no active operations and the Company wanted to remove any potential risks associated with any VIE structures. In addition, the Company dissolved its subsidiary Sino-Global Shipping LA, Inc. On March 14, 2022, the company discontinued its subsidiary Sino-Global Shipping Canada, Inc., no gain or loss was recognized in the deconsolidation.

Since the disposal did not represent any strategic change of the Company’s operation, the disposal was not presented as discontinued operations.

Net assets of the entities disposed and loss on disposal was as follows:

(s) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, which is an update to ASU Update No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which introduced the expected credit losses methodology for the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost basis, replacing the previous incurred loss methodology. The amendments in Update 2016-13 added Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, and made several consequential amendments to the Codification. Update 2016-13 also modified the accounting for available-for-sale debt securities, which must be individually assessed for credit losses when fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, in accordance with Subtopic 326-30, Financial Instruments— Credit Losses—Available-for-Sale Debt Securities. The amendments in this ASU address those stakeholders’ concerns by providing an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option for certain financial assets previously measured at amortized cost basis. For those entities, the targeted transition relief will increase comparability of financial statement information by providing an option to align measurement methodologies for similar financial assets. Furthermore, the targeted transition relief also may reduce the costs for some entities to comply with the amendments in Update 2016-13 while still providing financial statement users with decision-useful information. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-10, which to update the effective date of ASU No. 2016-13 for private companies, not-for-profit organizations and certain smaller reporting companies applying for credit losses standard. The new effective date for these preparers is for fiscal years beginning after July 1, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has not early adopted this update and it will become effective on July 1, 2023 assuming the Company will remain eligible to be smaller reporting company. The adoption did not have material impact on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

The Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

The company recorded $13,280 and $14,801 impairment loss for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively.

Movement of allowance for credit losses are as follows:

Movement of allowance for doubtful accounts are as follows:

Movements of allowance for deposits are as follows:

Depreciation and amortization expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were $76,704 and $137,807, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expenses for the six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were $155,649 and $278,517, respectively. No impairment loss was recorded for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. For the three and six months of December 31, 2022, the Company disposed vehicles with net cost of $83,519, resulting in gain on disposal of fixed assets of $6,481.

Note 11. CONVERTIBLE NOTES

On December 19, 2021, the Company issued two Senior Convertible Notes (the “Convertible Notes”) to two non-U.S. investors for an aggregate purchase price of $10,000,000. 

The Convertible Notes bear an interest at 5% annually and may be converted into shares of the Company’s common stock, no par value per share at a conversion price of $3.76 per share, the closing price of the common stock on December 17, 2021. The Convertible Notes are unsecured senior obligations of the Company, and the maturity date of the Convertible Notes is December 18, 2023. The Company may repay any portion of the outstanding principal, accrued and unpaid interest, without penalty for early repayment. The Company may make any repayment of principal and interest in (a) cash, (b) common stock at the conversion price or (c) a combination of cash or common stock at the conversion price.

The investors may convert any conversion amount into common stock on any date beginning on June 19, 2022.

The Company evaluated the convertible notes agreement under ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) amended by ASU 2020-06. ASC 815 generally requires the analysis embedded terms and features that have characteristics of derivatives to be evaluated for bifurcation and separate accounting in instances where their economic risks and characteristics are not clearly and closely related to the risks of the host contract. Based on terms of the convertible notes agreements, the Company’s notes are convertible for a fixed number of shares and do not require the Company to net settle. None of the embedded terms required bifurcation and liability classification.

On March 8, 2022, the Company issued amended and restated the terms of the notes and issued the Amended and Restated Senior Convertible Notes (the “Amended and Restated Convertible Notes”) to the investors to change the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to an aggregate principal amount of $5,000,000. There other terms of the notes remained unchanged.

The terms of the Amended and Restated Convertible Notes are the same as that of the original Convertible Notes, except for the reduced principal amount and the waiver of interest for the $5,000,000 payment made on March 8, 2022.

For the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, interest expenses related to the aforementioned convertible notes amounted to $61,944 and $123,587, respectively.

Note 12. LEASES

The Company determines if a contract contains a lease at inception which is the date on which the terms of the contract are agreed to and the agreement creates enforceable rights and obligations. US GAAP requires that the Company’s leases be evaluated and classified as operating or finance leases for financial reporting purposes. The classification evaluation begins at the commencement date and the lease term used in the evaluation includes the non-cancellable period for which the Company has the right to use the underlying asset, together with renewal option periods when the exercise of the renewal option is reasonably certain and failure to exercise such option which result in an economic penalty. All of the Company’s leases are classified as operating leases.

The Company has several lease agreements with lease terms ranging from two to five years. As of December 31, 2022, ROU assets and lease liabilities amounted to $478,547 and $1,044,670 (including $448,252 from lease liabilities current portion and $596,418 from lease liabilities non-current portion), respectively and weighted average discount rate was approximately 10.89%.

The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The leases generally do not contain options to extend at the time of expiration and the weighted average remaining lease terms are 3.06 years.

For the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, rent expense amounted to approximately nil and $137,040, respectively. For the six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, rent expense amounted to approximately $146,461 and $256,218, respectively.

The five-year maturity of the Company’s lease obligations is presented below:

Note 13. EQUITY

Stock issuances:

On December 14, 2021, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with non-U.S. investors and accredited investors pursuant to which the Company sold to the investors, and the investors agreed to purchase from the Company, an aggregate of 3,228,807 shares of common stock, no par value, and warrants to purchase 4,843,210 shares. The purchase price for each share of common stock and one and a half warrants is $3.26, and the exercise price per warrant is $4.00. The Company received net proceed of $10,525,819 and issued 3,228,807 shares and 4,843,210 warrants. In connection with the issuance, the Company issued 500,000 shares to a consultant in assisting the Company in finding potential investors.

The warrants will be exercisable at any time during the Exercise Window. The “Exercise Window” means the period beginning on or after June 14, 2022 and ending on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on December 13, 2026 but not thereafter; provided, however, that the total number of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock, multiplied by the NASDAQ official closing bid price of the common stock shall equal or exceed $150,000,000 for a three consecutive month period prior to an exercise.

The Company’s outstanding warrants are classified as equity since they qualify for exception from derivative accounting as they are considered to be indexed to the Company’s own stock and require net share settlement. The fair value of the warrants was recorded as additional paid-in capital from common stock  

On January 6, 2022, the Company entered into Warrant Purchase Agreements with certain warrant holders (the “Sellers”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to buy back an aggregate of 3,870,800 warrants (the “Warrants”) from the Sellers, and the Sellers agreed to sell the Warrants back to the Company. These Warrants were sold to these Sellers in three previous transactions that closed on February 11, 2021, February 10, 2021, and March 14, 2018. The purchase price for each Warrant is $2.00. Following announcement of the Warrant Purchase Agreements on January 6, 2022, the Company agreed to repurchase an additional 103,200 warrants from other Sellers on the same terms as the previously announced Warrant Purchase Agreements. The aggregate number of warrants repurchased under the Warrant Purchase Agreements was 3,974,000.

On January 7, 2022, the Company wired the purchase price to each Seller. Each Seller has agreed to deliver the Warrant to the Company for cancellation as soon as practicable following the closing date, but in no event later than January 13, 2022. The Warrants are deemed cancelled upon the receipt by the Sellers of the purchase price.

Following is a summary of the status of warrants outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2022: 

Stock-based compensation:

By action taken as of August 13, 2021, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of the Company and the Compensation Committee of the Board (the “Committee”) approved a one-time award of a total of 1,020,000 shares of the common stock under the Company’s 2014 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) to, including (i) a one-time stock award grant of 600,000 shares to Chief Executive Officer, Lei Cao, (ii) a one-time stock award grant of 200,000 shares to acting Chief Financial Officer, Tuo Pan, (iii) a one-time stock award grant of 160,000 shares to Board member, Zhikang Huang, (iv) a one-time stock award grant of 20,000 shares to Board member, Jing Wang, (v) a one-time stock award grant of 20,000 shares to Board member, Xiaohuan Huang, and (vi) a one-time stock award grant of 20,000 shares to Board member, Tieliang Liu. The shares were valued at an aggregate of $2,927,400 based on the grant date fair value of such shares.

On November 18, 2021, Mr. Jing Wang retired from his position as a member of the Board, the Chairperson of the Committee, a member of Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee, and a member of the Audit Committee. In connection with Mr. Wang’s retirement, the Company granted Mr. Wang 100,000 shares of common stock under the Company’s 2021 stock incentive plan, which shares were valued at $377,000 based on the grant date fair value.

On February 4, 2022, the Company approved a one-time award of a total of 500,000 shares of common stock under the Company’s 2021 Stock Incentive Plan to certain executive officers of the Company, including Chief Executive Officer, Yang Jie (300,000 shares), Chief Operating Officer, Jing Shan (100,000 shares), and Chief Technology Officer, Shi Qiu (100,000 shares). The total fair value of the grants amounts to $2,740,000 based on the grant date share price of $5.48. On December 27, 2022 and December 19, 2022, Jing Shan and Yang Jie each signed a cancellation agreement to return 100,000 and 300,000 share, respectively, to the Company for cancellation for no consideration. The cancellation agreements and the cancellation of shares underlying thereunder were ratified and approved by the Board on January 19, 2023. As of the date of this Report, the 300,000 shares issued to Mr. Jie were cancelled and the 100,000 shares issued to Ms. Shan were in the process of being cancelled.

On February 16, 2022, the Company’s Board approved a consulting agreement pursuant to which the Company will pay the consultant a monthly fee of $10,000 and 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. The shares were valued at $7.42 at grant date with a grant date fair value of $742,000 to be amortized through October 31, 2022. Stock compensation expenses for this contract was $329,777 for the six months ended December 31, 2022.

During the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, $82,444 and $377,000 were recorded as stock-based compensation expense, respectively. During the six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, $329,777 and $3,304,400 were recorded as stock-based compensation expense, respectively.

Following is a summary of the status of options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2022:

Note 15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company may be subject to certain legal proceedings, claims and disputes that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although the outcomes of these legal proceedings cannot be predicted, the Company does not believe these actions, in the aggregate, will have a material adverse impact on its financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

SOS Information Technology New York, Inc. (“SOSNY”), a company incorporated under the laws of state of New York and a wholly owned subsidiary of SOS Ltd., filed a December 9, 2022 lawsuit in the New York State Supreme Court against Thor Miner, Inc., which is Singularity’s joint venture (“Thor Miner”), Singularity Future Technology Ltd. (“Singularity” or the “Company,” and, together with Thor Miner, referred to as the “Corporate Defendants”), Lei Cao, Yang Jie, John F. Levy, Tieliang Liu, Tuo Pan, Shi Qiu, Jing Shan, and Heng Wang (jointly referred to as the “Individual Defendants”) (collectively, the Individual Defendants and the Corporate Defendants are the “Defendants”). SOSNY and Thor Miner entered into a January 10, 2022 Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “PSA”) for the purchase of $200,000,000 in crypto mining rigs, which SOSNY claims was breached by the Defendants.

SOSNY and Defendants entered into a certain settlement agreement and general mutual release with an Effective Date of December 28, 2022 (“Settlement Agreement”). Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, Thor Miner agreed to pay a sum of thirteen million in U.S. dollars ($13,000,000) (the “Settlement Payment”) to SOSNY in exchange for SOSNY dismissing the lawsuit with prejudice as to the settling Defendants and without prejudice as to all others. The full Settlement Payment was received by SOSNY on December 28, 2022. SOSNY dismissed the lawsuit with prejudice against Singularity (and other Defendants) on December 28, 2022.

Singularity and Thor Miner further covenanted and agreed that if they receive additional funds from HighSharp (Shenzhen Gaorui) Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. (“HighSharp”) related to the PSA, they will promptly transfer such funds to SOSNY in an amount not to exceed forty million, five hundred sixty thousand, five hundred sixty-nine dollars ($40,560,569.00) (which is the total amount paid by SOSNY pursuant to the PSA less the price of the machines actually received by SOSNY pursuant to the PSA). The Settlement Payment and any payments subsequently received by SOSNY from HighSharp shall be deducted from the total amount of forty million, five hundred sixty thousand, five hundred sixty-nine dollars ($40,560,569.00) previously paid by, and now due and owing to SOSNY. In further consideration of the Settlement Agreement, Thor Miner agreed to execute and provide to SOSNY, within seven (7) business days after SOSNY’s receipt of the Settlement Payment, an assignment of all claims it may have against HighSharp or otherwise to the proceeds of the PSA. See Note 19 for further details.

Lawsuits in connection with the Securities Purchase Agreement

On September 23, 2022, Hexin Global Limited and Viner Total Investments Fund filed a lawsuit against the Company and other defendants in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (the “Hexin lawsuit”). On December 5, 2022, St. Hudson Group LLC, Imperii Strategies LLC, Isyled Technology Limited, and Hsqynm Family Inc. filed a lawsuit against the Company and other defendants in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (the “St. Hudson lawsuit,” and together with the Hexin lawsuit, the “Investor Actions”). The plaintiffs in the Investor Actions are investors that entered into a securities purchase agreement (“Securities Purchase Agreement”) with the Company in late 2021. Each of these plaintiffs asserts causes of action for, among other things, violations of federal securities laws, breach of fiduciary duty, fraudulent inducement, breach of contract, conversion, and unjust enrichment, and seeks monetary damages and specific performance to remove legends from certain securities sold pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement. The Hexin lawsuit claims monetary damages of “at least $6 million,” plus interest, costs, fees, and attorneys’ fees. The St. Hudson lawsuit claims monetary damages of “at least $4.4 million,” plus interest, costs, fees, and attorneys’ fees.

Lawsuit in connection with the Financial Advisory Agreement

On October 6, 2022, Jinhe Capital Limited (“Jinhe”) filed a lawsuit against the Company in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, asserting causes of actions for, among other things, breach of contract, breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, conversion, quantum meruit, and unjust enrichment, in connection with a financial advisory agreement entered into by and between Jinhe and the Company on November 10, 2021. Jinhe claims monetary damages of “at least $575,000” and “potentially exceeding $1.8 million,” plus interest, costs, and attorneys’ fees.

On January 10, 2023, St. Hudson lawsuit was consolidated with this lawsuit and Hexin lawsuit; on February 24, 2023, all three consolidated actions were dismissed without prejudice by the court, in furtherance of the parties having reached an agreement in principle to settle their disputes.

Putative Class Action

On December 9, 2022, Piero Crivellaro, purportedly on behalf of the persons or entities who purchased or acquired publicly traded securities of the Company between February 2021 and November 2022, filed a putative class action against the Company and other defendants in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York, alleging violations of federal securities laws related to alleged false or misleading disclosures made by the Company in its public filings. The plaintiff seeks unspecified damages, plus interest, costs, fees, and attorneys’ fees. As this action is still in the early stage, the Company cannot predict the outcome.

In addition to the above litigations, the Company is also subject to additional contractual litigations as to which it is unable to estimate the outcome.

Government Investigations

Following a publication issued by Hindenburg Research dated May 5, 2022, the Company received subpoenas from the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company is cooperating with the government regarding these matters. At this early stage, the Company is not able to estimate the outcome or duration of the government investigations.

Note 16. INCOME TAXES

On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was enacted and signed into law and includes, among other things, refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer side social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods and alternative minimum tax credit refunds. The Company does not at present expect the provisions of the CARES Act to have a material impact on its tax provision given the amount of net operating losses currently available.

The Company’s income tax expenses for three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:

The Company’s deferred tax assets are comprised of the following:

The Company’s operations in the U.S. incurred a cumulative U.S. federal net operation losses (“NOL”) of approximately $22,000,000 as of June 30, 2022, which may reduce future federal taxable income. During the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, approximately $4,100,000 and $7,300,000 of NOL was generated and the tax benefit derived from such NOL was approximately $861,000 and $1,500,000. As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s cumulative NOL amounted to approximately $29,400,000, which may reduce future federal taxable income, of which approximately $1,400,000 will expire in 2037 and the remaining balance carried forward indefinitely.

The Company’s operations in China incurred a cumulative NOL of approximately $1,333,000 as of June 30, 2022 which was mainly from net loss. During the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, additional NOL of approximately $130,000 and $245,000 was generated. As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s cumulative NOL amounted to approximately $5,567,000 which may reduce future taxable income which will expire by 2026.

The Company periodically evaluates the likelihood of the realization of deferred tax assets (“DTA”) and reduces the carrying amount of the deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance to the extent it believes a portion will not be realized. Management considers new evidence, both positive and negative, that could affect the Company’s future realization of deferred tax assets including its recent cumulative earnings experience, expectation of future income, the carry forward periods available for tax reporting purposes and other relevant factors. The Company determined that it is more likely than not its deferred tax assets could not be realized due to uncertainty on future earnings as a result of the company’s reorganization and venture into new businesses . The Company provided a 100% allowance for its DTA as of December 31, 2022. The net increase in valuation for the three months and six months ended December 31, 2022 amounted to approximately $894,000 and $1,464,000, based on management’s reassessment of the amount of the Company’s deferred tax assets that are more likely than not to be realized.

The Company’s taxes payable consists of the following:

Note 17. CONCENTRATIONS

Major Customers

For the three months ended December 31, 2022, two customers accounted for approximately 26.3% and 63.8% of the Company’s gross revenues, respectively.

For the three months ended December 31, 2021, four customers accounted for approximately 32.3%, 29.6%, 21.5% and 16.7% of the Company’s revenues.

For the six months ended December 31, 2022, two customers accounted for 12.7% and 77.6% of the Company’s gross revenues.  As of December 31, 2022, one customer accounted for 74.1% of the Company’s accounts receivable, net.

For the six months ended December 31, 2021, four customers accounted for approximately 55.6%, 18.1%, 14.2% and 12.0% of the Company’s revenues, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, three customers accounted for approximately 38.1%, 15.2% and 11.2% of the Company’s accounts receivable, net.

Major Suppliers

For the three months ended December 31, 2022, one supplier accounted for approximately 60.1% of the total gross purchases.

For the three months ended December 31, 2021, three suppliers accounted for approximately 54.7%, 22.8% and 11.7% of the total costs of revenue.

For the six months ended December 31, 2022, one supplier accounted for approximately 74.9% of the gross purchases.

For the six months ended December 31, 2021, two suppliers accounted for approximately 36.2% and 27.0% of the total cost of revenues.

Note 18. SEGMENT REPORTING

ASC 280, “Segment Reporting”, establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments on a basis consistent with the Company’s internal organizational structure as well as information about geographical areas, business segments and major customers in unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for detailing the Company’s business segments. 

The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the Chief Operating Officer, who reviews the financial information of the separate operating segments when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing the performance of the group. As of December 31, 2022, the Company determined that it had two operating segments: (1) freight logistics services which include shipping and warehouse services  and (2) the sale  of crypto mining machines.

The following tables present summary information by segment for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively: