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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
  ___________________________________ 
FORM 10-Q
  ___________________________________
(Mark One)
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021
or
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________.
Commission File Number: 001-36127
   ______________________________
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
   ______________________________
Delaware 20-1945088
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization) 		(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
40300 Traditions Drive
Northville, Michigan 48168
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(248) 596-5900
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 ______________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share CPS New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☒
Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒
As of October 29, 2021, there were 16,991,217 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value, outstanding.
1

COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
Form 10-Q
For the period ended September 30, 2021
 
2

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.         Financial Statements
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts) 
  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2021 2020 2021 2020
Sales $ 526,690  $ 683,200  $ 1,728,842  $ 1,678,557 
Cost of products sold 534,817  598,714  1,669,610  1,611,299 
Gross (loss) profit (8,127) 84,486  59,232  67,258 
Selling, administration & engineering expenses 60,367  60,059  168,506  199,001 
Gain on sale of business, net —  (2,314) (696) (2,314)
Amortization of intangibles 1,819  1,669  5,524  9,632 
Restructuring charges 1,573  6,186  34,251  23,236 
Impairment charges 1,006  100  1,847  87,710 
Operating (loss) profit (72,892) 18,786  (150,200) (250,007)
Interest expense, net of interest income (18,243) (17,985) (54,152) (40,993)
Equity in (losses) earnings of affiliates (1,114) 738  65  (842)
Other (expense) income, net (494) 2,784  (4,221) (5,357)
(Loss) income before income taxes (92,743) 4,323  (208,508) (297,199)
Income tax expense (benefit) 32,121  (2,386) 15,598  (55,485)
Net (loss) income (124,864) 6,709  (224,106) (241,714)
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests 1,691  (2,328) 3,458  1,288 
Net (loss) income attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. $ (123,173) $ 4,381  $ (220,648) $ (240,426)
(Loss) earnings per share:
Basic $ (7.20) $ 0.26  $ (12.96) $ (14.22)
Diluted $ (7.20) $ 0.26  $ (12.96) $ (14.22)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

3

COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands) 
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Net (loss) income $ (124,864) $ 6,709  $ (224,106) $ (241,714)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Currency translation adjustment (6,215) 17,488  (4,074) (4,612)
Benefit plan liabilities adjustment, net of tax 4,978  (853) 8,328  1,113 
Fair value change of derivatives, net of tax (2,132) 2,072  (1,952) (1,766)
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax (3,369) 18,707  2,302  (5,265)
Comprehensive (loss) income (128,233) 25,416  (221,804) (246,979)
Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests 1,916  (2,970) 3,744  1,063 
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. $ (126,317) $ 22,446  $ (218,060) $ (245,916)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

4

COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except share amounts)
September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
  (unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 253,281  $ 438,438 
Accounts receivable, net 308,907  379,564 
Tooling receivable, net 97,500  82,150 
Inventories 198,180  143,742 
Prepaid expenses 30,052  29,748 
Income tax receivable and refundable credits 83,089  85,977 
Other current assets 100,629  100,110 
Total current assets 1,071,638  1,259,729 
Property, plant and equipment, net 808,666  892,309 
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net 102,698  109,795 
Goodwill 142,668  142,250 
Intangible assets, net 61,980  67,679 
Other assets 130,941  140,182 
Total assets $ 2,318,591  $ 2,611,944 
Liabilities and Equity
Current liabilities:
Debt payable within one year $ 40,102  $ 40,731 
Accounts payable 336,440  385,284 
Payroll liabilities 87,280  112,727 
Accrued liabilities 122,400  110,827 
Current operating lease liabilities 21,407  21,711 
Total current liabilities 607,629  671,280 
Long-term debt 981,010  982,760 
Pension benefits 141,562  152,230 
Postretirement benefits other than pensions 49,936  49,613 
Long-term operating lease liabilities 84,891  90,517 
Other liabilities 47,111  41,433 
Total liabilities 1,912,139  1,987,833 
Equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 190,000,000 shares authorized; 19,056,439 shares issued and 16,990,630 shares outstanding as of September 30, 2021, and 18,962,894 shares issued and 16,897,085 outstanding as of December 31, 2020 17  17 
Additional paid-in capital 502,864  498,719 
Retained earnings 129,622  350,270 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (239,308) (241,896)
Total Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. equity 393,195  607,110 
Noncontrolling interests 13,257  17,001 
Total equity 406,452  624,111 
Total liabilities and equity $ 2,318,591  $ 2,611,944 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
5

COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except share amounts)
  Total Equity
  Common Shares Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. Equity Noncontrolling Interests Total Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2020 16,897,085  $ 17  $ 498,719  $ 350,270  $ (241,896) $ 607,110  $ 17,001  $ 624,111 
Share-based compensation, net 45,467  —  952  —  —  952  —  952 
Net loss —  —  —  (33,864) —  (33,864) (849) (34,713)
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  (4,152) (4,152) (252) (4,404)
Balance as of March 31, 2021 16,942,552  $ 17  $ 499,671  $ 316,406  $ (246,048) $ 570,046  $ 15,900  $ 585,946 
Share-based compensation, net 45,962  —  1,677  —  —  1,677  —  1,677 
Net loss —  —  —  (63,611) —  (63,611) (918) (64,529)
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  9,884  9,884  191  10,075 
Balance as of June 30, 2021 16,988,514  $ 17  $ 501,348  $ 252,795  $ (236,164) $ 517,996  $ 15,173  $ 533,169 
Share-based compensation, net 2,116  —  1,516  —  —  1,516  —  1,516 
Net loss —  —  —  (123,173) —  (123,173) (1,691) (124,864)
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  (3,144) (3,144) (225) (3,369)
Balance as of September 30, 2021 16,990,630  $ 17  $ 502,864  $ 129,622  $ (239,308) $ 393,195  $ 13,257  $ 406,452 
  Total Equity
  Common Shares Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. Equity Noncontrolling Interests Total Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2019 16,842,757  $ 17  $ 490,451  $ 619,448  $ (253,741) $ 856,175  $ 19,807  $ 875,982 
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle —  —  —  (1,573) —  (1,573) —  (1,573)
Share-based compensation, net 41,785  —  1,874  —  —  1,874  —  1,874 
Net loss —  —  —  (110,588) —  (110,588) (1,851) (112,439)
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  (35,776) (35,776) (507) (36,283)
Balance as of March 31, 2020 16,884,542  $ 17  $ 492,325  $ 507,287  $ (289,517) $ 710,112  $ 17,449  $ 727,561 
Share-based compensation, net 9,548  —  2,303  —  —  2,303  —  2,303 
Net loss —  —  —  (134,219) —  (134,219) (1,765) (135,984)
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  12,221  12,221  90  12,311 
Balance as of June 30, 2020 16,894,090  $ 17  $ 494,628  $ 373,068  $ (277,296) $ 590,417  $ 15,774  $ 606,191 
Share-based compensation, net 2,363  —  1,840  —  —  1,840  —  1,840 
Deconsolidation of noncontrolling interest —  —  —  —  —  —  (2,112) (2,112)
Net income —  —  —  4,381  —  4,381  2,328  6,709 
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  18,065  18,065  642  18,707 
Balance as of September 30, 2020 16,896,453  $ 17  $ 496,468  $ 377,449  $ (259,231) $ 614,703  $ 16,632  $ 631,335 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
6

COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
  Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2021 2020
Operating Activities:
Net loss $ (224,106) $ (241,714)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation 99,497  107,095 
Amortization of intangibles 5,524  9,632 
Gain on sale of business, net (696) (2,314)
Impairment charges 1,847  87,710 
Share-based compensation expense 4,781  6,977 
Equity in earnings of affiliates, net of dividends related to earnings 2,146  6,087 
Deferred income taxes 9,785  (32,308)
Other 2,219  4,354 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities (12,485) 27,949 
Net cash used in operating activities (111,488) (26,532)
Investing activities:
Capital expenditures (75,965) (73,407)
Proceeds from sale of business, net of cash divested —  (17,006)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets and other 3,130  963 
Net cash used in investing activities (72,835) (89,450)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of discount
—  245,000 
Principal payments on long-term debt (4,227) (4,792)
Decrease in short-term debt, net (597) (6,897)
Debt issuance costs —  (6,722)
Taxes withheld and paid on employees' share-based payment awards (777) (533)
Other 884  (925)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (4,717) 225,131 
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 7,853  (5,718)
Changes in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (181,187) 103,431 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 443,578  361,742 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period $ 262,391  $ 465,173 
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to the condensed consolidated balance sheet:
Balance as of
September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents $ 253,281  $ 438,438 
Restricted cash included in other current assets 6,467  4,089 
Restricted cash included in other assets 2,643  1,051 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 262,391  $ 443,578 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
7
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

1. Overview
Basis of Presentation
Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Company” or “Cooper Standard”), through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Cooper-Standard Automotive Inc. (“CSA U.S.”), is a leading manufacturer of sealing, fuel and brake delivery, and fluid transfer systems. The Company’s products are primarily for use in passenger vehicles and light trucks that are manufactured by global automotive original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) and replacement markets. The Company conducts substantially all of its activities through its subsidiaries.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim financial information and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 (the “2020 Annual Report”), as filed with the SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. These financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations of the Company. The operating results for the interim period ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. In preparing these financial statements, the Company has evaluated events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure through the date the financial statements were issued.
2. Acquisition and Divestitures
2020 Joint Venture Deconsolidation
In the third quarter of 2020, management approved and completed a plan to sell the Company’s entire controlling equity interest of a joint venture in the Asia Pacific region. Upon finalizing the sale, the Company recorded a gain on deconsolidation of the business of $1,334. In the third quarter of 2021, the Company recorded an allowance for credit loss of $11,218 in selling, administration and engineering expenses. The credit loss resulted from the bankruptcy proceedings of the divested joint venture and represented accounts receivable balances with the divested joint venture. These accounts receivable amounts primarily represented sales to the joint venture prior to deconsolidation in the third quarter of 2020.
2020 Divestiture
In the fourth quarter of 2019, management approved a plan to sell its European rubber fluid transfer and specialty sealing businesses, as well as its Indian operations. The entities and the associated assets and liabilities met the criteria for presentation as held for sale as of March 31, 2020, and depreciation of long-lived assets ceased. The divestiture did not meet the criteria for presentation as a discontinued operation.
Upon meeting the criteria for held for sale classification and during the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recorded non-cash impairment charges of $86,470 to reduce the carrying value of the held for sale entities to fair value less costs to sell. Fair value, which is categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, was determined using a market approach, estimated based on expected proceeds. The fair value less costs to sell were assessed each reporting period that the asset group remained classified as held for sale.
On July 1, 2020, the Company completed the divestiture of its European rubber fluid transfer and specialty sealing businesses, as well as its Indian operations, to Mutares SE & Co. KGaA (“Mutares”). The transaction included payment denominated in Euro of €9,000, which consisted of €6,500 in cash paid and €2,500 in deferred payment obligations, payable in December 2021.
Upon finalizing the sale during the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded a loss on deconsolidation of the business of $167. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded subsequent adjustments resulting in a net gain of $696.
8
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
2019 Divestiture
During the second quarter of 2019, the Company completed its sale of the AVS product line to Continental AG. In the third quarter of 2020, the Company finalized adjustments to the gain recorded in 2019 by recording an additional gain on divestiture of $1,147, primarily due to working capital adjustments.
Subsequent Event
In the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company acquired 80.1% of LS Mtron Ltd.’s South Korean automotive parts business. The acquisition agreement included an option for LS Mtron Ltd. to sell its remaining 19.9% noncontrolling interest to the Company, beginning three years from the acquisition date. Subsequent to the third quarter of 2021, LS Mtron Ltd. exercised its option, requiring the Company to purchase the remaining 19.9% interest. The transaction price is subject to adjustments that are expected to be finalized at closing in the fourth quarter of 2021.
3. Revenue
Revenue is recognized for manufactured parts at a point in time, generally when products are shipped or delivered. The Company usually enters into agreements with customers to produce products at the beginning of a vehicle’s life. Blanket purchase orders received from customers and related documents generally establish the annual terms, including pricing, related to a vehicle model. Customers typically pay for parts based on customary business practices with payment terms generally between 30 and 90 days.
Revenue by customer group for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was as follows:
North America Europe Asia Pacific South America Corporate, Eliminations and Other Consolidated
Passenger and Light Duty $ 262,821  $ 93,766  $ 109,187  $ 15,973  $ —  $ 481,747 
Commercial 3,341  4,773  337  8  1,333  9,792 
Other 4,430  143  2  —  30,576  35,151 
Revenue $ 270,592  $ 98,682  $ 109,526  $ 15,981  $ 31,909  $ 526,690 
Revenue by customer group for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was as follows:
North America Europe Asia Pacific South America Corporate, Eliminations and Other Consolidated
Passenger and Light Duty $ 834,545  $ 380,519  $ 325,178  $ 45,597  $ —  $ 1,585,839 
Commercial 11,027  16,125  2,484  23  4,029  33,688 
Other 11,581  435  4  —  97,295  109,315 
Revenue $ 857,153  $ 397,079  $ 327,666  $ 45,620  $ 101,324  $ 1,728,842 
9
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
Revenue by customer group for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was as follows:
North America Europe Asia Pacific South America Corporate, Eliminations and Other Consolidated
Passenger and Light Duty $ 350,016  $ 141,754  $ 129,822  $ 17,558  $ —  $ 639,150 
Commercial 3,179  4,066  1,190  6  911  9,352 
Other 5,812  209  51  16  28,610  34,698 
Revenue $ 359,007  $ 146,029  $ 131,063  $ 17,580  $ 29,521  $ 683,200 
Revenue by customer group for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was as follows:
North America Europe Asia Pacific South America Corporate, Eliminations and Other Consolidated
Passenger and Light Duty $ 796,937  $ 383,288  $ 312,871  $ 41,878  $ —  $ 1,534,974 
Commercial 8,328  12,846  3,149  16  2,868  27,207 
Other 14,880  13,942  113  38  87,403  116,376 
Revenue $ 820,145  $ 410,076  $ 316,133  $ 41,932  $ 90,271  $ 1,678,557 
The passenger and light duty group consists of sales to automotive OEMs and automotive suppliers, while the commercial group represents sales to OEMs of on- and off-highway commercial equipment and vehicles. The other customer group includes sales related to specialty and adjacent markets.
Substantially all of the Company’s revenues were generated from sealing, fuel and brake delivery and fluid transfer systems for use in passenger vehicles and light trucks manufactured by global OEMs.
A summary of the Company’s products is as follows:
Product Line Description
Sealing Systems Protect vehicle interiors from weather, dust and noise intrusion for improved driving experience; provide aesthetic and functional class-A exterior surface treatment
Fuel & Brake Delivery Systems Sense, deliver and control fluids to fuel and brake systems
Fluid Transfer Systems Sense, deliver and control fluids and vapors for optimal powertrain & HVAC operation
Revenue by product line for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was as follows:
North America Europe Asia Pacific South America Corporate, Eliminations and Other Consolidated
Sealing systems $ 102,636  $ 75,824  $ 69,872  $ 12,114  $ —  $ 260,446 
Fuel and brake delivery systems 80,549  18,989  23,446  2,286  —  125,270 
Fluid transfer systems 87,407  3,869  16,208  1,581  —  109,065 
Other —  —  —  —  31,909  31,909 
Consolidated $ 270,592  $ 98,682  $ 109,526  $ 15,981  $ 31,909  $ 526,690 
Revenue by product line for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was as follows:
North America Europe Asia Pacific South America Corporate, Eliminations and Other Consolidated
Sealing systems $ 313,985  $ 310,063  $ 201,873  $ 34,921  $ —  $ 860,842 
Fuel and brake delivery systems 275,594  73,770  76,981  7,299  —  433,644 
Fluid transfer systems 267,574  13,246  48,812  3,400  —  333,032 
Other —  —  —  —  101,324  101,324 
Consolidated $ 857,153  $ 397,079  $ 327,666  $ 45,620  $ 101,324  $ 1,728,842 
10
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
Revenue by product line for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was as follows:
North America Europe Asia Pacific South America Corporate, Eliminations and Other Consolidated
Sealing systems $ 138,823  $ 116,640  $ 82,754  $ 11,045  $ —  $ 349,262 
Fuel and brake delivery systems 118,997  25,218  29,877  5,134  —  179,226 
Fluid transfer systems 101,187  4,171  18,432  1,401  —  125,191 
Other —  —  —  —  29,521  29,521 
Consolidated $ 359,007  $ 146,029  $ 131,063  $ 17,580  $ 29,521  $ 683,200 
Revenue by product line for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was as follows:
North America Europe Asia Pacific South America Corporate, Eliminations and Other Consolidated
Sealing systems $ 312,331  $ 297,216  $ 201,295  $ 27,385  $ —  $ 838,227 
Fuel and brake delivery systems 266,203  65,078  75,061  11,707  —  418,049 
Fluid transfer systems 241,611  35,673  39,777  2,840  —  319,901 
Other —  12,109  —  —  90,271  102,380 
Consolidated $ 820,145  $ 410,076  $ 316,133  $ 41,932  $ 90,271  $ 1,678,557 
Contract Estimates
The amount of revenue recognized is usually based on the purchase order price and adjusted for variable consideration, including pricing concessions. The Company accrues for pricing concessions by reducing revenue as products are shipped or delivered. The accruals are based on historical experience, anticipated performance and management’s best judgment. The Company also generally has ongoing adjustments to customer pricing arrangements based on the content and cost of its products. Such pricing accruals are adjusted as they are settled with customers. Customer returns, which are infrequent, are usually related to quality or shipment issues and are recorded as a reduction of revenue. The Company generally does not recognize significant return obligations due to their infrequent nature.
Contract Balances
The Company’s contract assets consist of unbilled amounts associated with variable pricing arrangements in its Asia Pacific region. Once pricing is finalized, contract assets are transferred to accounts receivable. As a result, the timing of revenue recognition and billings, as well as changes in foreign exchange rates, will impact contract assets on an ongoing basis. Contract assets were not materially impacted by any other factors during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
The Company’s contract liabilities consist of advance payments received and due from customers. Net contract assets (liabilities) consisted of the following:
September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Change
Contract assets $ 1,118  $ 777  $ 341 
Contract liabilities (171) (27) (144)
Net contract assets $ 947  $ 750  $ 197 
Other
The Company, at times, enters into agreements that provide for lump sum payments to customers. These payment agreements are recorded as a reduction of revenue during the period the commitment is made. Amounts related to commitments of future payments to customers on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were current liabilities of $14,628 and $16,932, respectively, and long-term liabilities of $7,020 and $6,828, respectively.
The Company provides assurance-type warranties to its customers. Such warranties provide customers with assurance that the related product will function as intended and complies with any agreed-upon specifications, and are recognized in costs of products sold.
11
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
4. Restructuring
On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its business and objectives to ensure that it is properly configured and sized based on changing market conditions. Accordingly, the Company has implemented several restructuring initiatives, including closure or consolidation of facilities throughout the world and the reorganization of its operating structure.
The Company’s restructuring charges consist of severance, retention and outplacement services, and severance-related postemployment benefits (collectively, “employee separation costs”), other related exit costs and asset impairments related to restructuring activities. Employee separation costs are recorded based on existing union and employee contracts, statutory requirements, completed negotiations and Company policy.
Restructuring expense by segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
North America $ 307  $ 3,721  $ 3,513  $ 10,468 
Europe 1,113  1,720  27,284  7,019 
Asia Pacific 282  552  1,265  3,264 
South America (129) 316  1,858  2,367 
Total Automotive 1,573  6,309  33,920  23,118 
Corporate and other —  (123) 331  118 
Total $ 1,573  $ 6,186  $ 34,251  $ 23,236 
Restructuring activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was as follows:
Employee Separation Costs Other Exit Costs Total
Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ 15,029  $ 8,406  $ 23,435 
Expense 28,455  5,796  34,251 
Cash payments (19,329) (8,031) (27,360)
Non-cash fixed asset impairments included in expense —  (214) (214)
Foreign exchange translation and other (994) 475  (519)
Balance as of September 30, 2021 $ 23,161  $ 6,432  $ 29,593 
5. Inventories
Inventories consist of the following:
September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Finished goods $ 58,200  $ 39,136 
Work in process 46,437  35,477 
Raw materials and supplies 93,543  69,129 
$ 198,180  $ 143,742 
12
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
6. Leases
The Company primarily has operating and finance leases for certain manufacturing facilities, corporate offices and certain equipment. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, current operating lease liabilities and long-term operating lease liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment, net, debt payable within one year, and long-term debt on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The components of lease expense were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Operating lease expense $ 7,827  $ 8,065  $ 23,258  $ 24,484 
Short-term lease expense 1,719  1,040  5,324  3,115 
Variable lease expense 191  273  620  678 
Finance lease expense:
Amortization of right-of-use assets 519  598  1,586  1,950 
Interest on lease liabilities 356  384  1,094  1,169 
Total lease expense $ 10,612  $ 10,360  $ 31,882  $ 31,396 
Other information related to leases was as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020
Supplemental Cash Flows Information
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
     Operating cash flows for operating leases $ 25,641  $ 23,038 
     Operating cash flows for finance leases 1,093  1,188 
     Financing cash flows for finance leases 1,677  1,578 
Non-cash right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
     Operating leases 14,968  47,176 
     Finance leases 606  549 
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (in years)
Operating leases 7.6 8.1
Finance leases 9.9 10.7
Weighted Average Discount Rate
Operating leases 5.7  % 5.4  %
Finance leases 5.8  % 5.7  %
13
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of September 30, 2021 were as follows:
Year Operating Leases Finance
Leases
Remainder of 2021 $ 7,456  $ 814 
2022 24,693  3,307 
2023 20,512  3,218 
2024 15,777  3,456 
2025 12,588  3,503 
Thereafter 51,554  20,622 
    Total future minimum lease payments 132,580  34,920 
Less imputed interest (26,282) (8,584)
    Total $ 106,298  $ 26,336 
Amounts recognized on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:
September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Operating Leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net $ 102,698  $ 109,795 
Current operating lease liabilities 21,407  21,711 
Long-term operating lease liabilities 84,891  90,517 
Finance Leases
Debt payable within one year 2,183  2,300 
Long-term debt 24,153  26,152 

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, assets recorded under finance leases, net of accumulated depreciation were $28,282 and $30,847, respectively. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had additional leases, primarily for real estate, that have not yet commenced with undiscounted lease payments of approximately $9,443. These leases will commence in 2021 with lease terms up to ten years.
7. Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment consists of the following:
September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Land and improvements $ 44,911  $ 61,226 
Buildings and improvements 285,904  298,431 
Machinery and equipment 1,308,453  1,277,624 
Construction in progress 76,467  96,706 
1,715,735  1,733,987 
Accumulated depreciation (907,069) (841,678)
Property, plant and equipment, net $ 808,666  $ 892,309 
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded impairment charges of $1,006 and $1,847, respectively, due to idle assets, primarily in certain North American and European locations. The fair value was determined using salvage value.
The Company recorded impairment charges of $100 and $1,240 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.
14
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
8. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unit for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were as follows:
North America Europe Industrial Specialty Group Total
Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ 128,214  $ —  $ 14,036  $ 142,250 
Acquisition (1)
—  408  —  408 
Foreign exchange translation 19  (9) —  10 
Balance as of September 30, 2021 $ 128,233  $ 399  $ 14,036  $ 142,668 
(1) During the second quarter of 2021, the Company purchased a supplier in its Europe reporting unit for an immaterial purchase consideration, resulting in tax deductible goodwill.
Goodwill is tested for impairment by reporting unit annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that an impairment may exist.
During the third quarter of 2021, the Company’s North America reporting unit continued to be negatively impacted by semiconductor-related customer schedule reductions and increasing material costs. After evaluating and weighing all relevant events and circumstances and considering the substantial excess fair value of the North America reporting unit, the Company concluded that it was more likely than not that the fair value of this reporting unit exceeded the carrying value. Consequently, the Company determined that it was not necessary to perform an interim impairment test for the North America reporting unit.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets and accumulated amortization balances as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:
Gross
Carrying
Amount 		Accumulated
Amortization 		Net
Carrying
Amount
Customer relationships $ 154,651  $ (125,397) $ 29,254 
Other 44,695  (11,969) 32,726 
Balance as of September 30, 2021 $ 199,346  $ (137,366) $ 61,980 
Customer relationships $ 155,409  $ (122,657) $ 32,752 
Other 44,826  (9,899) 34,927 
Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ 200,235  $ (132,556) $ 67,679 
15
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
9. Debt
A summary of outstanding debt as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is as follows:
September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Senior Notes $ 396,365  $ 395,829 
Senior Secured Notes 241,098  239,567 
Term Loan 321,818  323,636 
ABL Facility —  — 
Finance leases 26,336  28,452 
Other borrowings 35,495  36,007 
Total debt 1,021,112  1,023,491 
Less current portion (40,102) (40,731)
Total long-term debt $ 981,010  $ 982,760 
5.625% Senior Notes due 2026
In November 2016, the Company issued $400,000 aggregate principal amount of its 5.625% Senior Notes due 2026 (the “Senior Notes”). The Senior Notes mature on November 15, 2026. Interest on the Senior Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears in cash on May 15 and November 15 of each year.
Debt issuance costs related to the Senior Notes are amortized into interest expense over the term of the Senior Notes. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had $3,635 and $4,171 of unamortized debt issuance costs, respectively, related to the Senior Notes, which are presented as direct deductions from the principal balance in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
13.0% Senior Secured Notes due 2024
In May 2020, the Company issued $250,000 aggregate principal amount of its 13.0% Senior Secured Notes due 2024 (the “Senior Secured Notes”). The Senior Secured Notes mature on June 1, 2024. Interest on the Senior Secured Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears in cash on June 1 and December 1 of each year.
The Company paid approximately $6,431 of debt issuance costs in connection with the transaction. Additionally, the Senior Secured Notes were issued at a discount of $5,000. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had $4,931 and $5,828 of unamortized debt issuance costs, respectively, and $3,971 and $4,605 of unamortized original issue discount, respectively, related to the Senior Secured Notes, which are presented as direct deductions from the principal balance in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Both the debt issuance costs and the original issue discount are amortized into interest expense over the term of the Senior Secured Notes.
Term Loan Facility
In November 2016, the Company entered into Amendment No. 1 to its senior term loan facility (“Term Loan Facility”), which provides for loans in an aggregate principal amount of $340,000. On May 2, 2017, the Company entered into Amendment No. 2 to the Term Loan Facility to modify the interest rate. Subsequently, on March 6, 2018, the Company entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Term Loan Facility to further modify the interest rate. In accordance with this amendment, borrowings under the Term Loan Facility bear interest, at the Company’s option, at either (1) with respect to Eurodollar rate loans, the greater of the applicable Eurodollar rate and 0.75% plus 2.0% per annum, or (2) with respect to base rate loans, the base rate, (which is the highest of the then current federal funds rate plus 0.5%, the prime rate most recently announced by the administrative agent under the term loan, and the one-month Eurodollar rate plus 1.0%) plus 1.0% per annum. The Term Loan Facility matures on November 2, 2023, unless earlier terminated.
As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had $1,235 and $1,680 of unamortized debt issuance costs, respectively, and $796 and $1,084 of unamortized original issue discount, respectively, related to the Term Loan Facility, which are presented as direct deductions from the principal balance in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Both the debt issuance costs and the original issue discount are amortized into interest expense over the term of the Term Loan Facility.
ABL Facility
In November 2016, the Company entered into a Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement of its ABL Facility, which provided an aggregate revolving loan availability of up to $210,000, subject to borrowing base availability. In March 2020, the Company entered into the First Amendment of the Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement (“the Amendment”). As a
16
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
result of the Amendment, the senior asset-based revolving credit facility (“ABL Facility”) maturity was extended to March 2025 and the aggregate revolving loan availability was reduced to $180,000. The aggregate revolving loan availability includes a $100,000 letter of credit sub-facility and a $25,000 swing line sub-facility. The ABL Facility also provides for an uncommitted $100,000 incremental loan facility, for a potential total ABL Facility of $280,000, if requested by the borrowers under the ABL Facility and the lenders agree to fund such increase. No consent of any lender is required to effect any such increase, except for those participating in the increase.
As of September 30, 2021, there were no loans outstanding under the ABL Facility. The Company’s borrowing base was $147,106. Net of the greater of 10% of the borrowing base or $15,000 that cannot be borrowed without triggering the fixed charge coverage ratio maintenance covenant and $5,224 of outstanding letters of credit, the Company effectively had $126,882 available for borrowing under its ABL facility.
Any borrowings under the ABL Facility will mature, and the commitments of the lenders under the ABL Facility will terminate, on the earlier of March 24, 2025 or the date 91 days prior to the maturity date of the Term Loan Facility (or another fixed asset facility replacing the Term Loan Facility).
As a result of the Amendment in March 2020, the Company wrote off $177 in unamortized debt issuance costs, which are presented in interest expense, net of interest income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had $844 and $1,029, respectively, of unamortized debt issuance costs related to the ABL Facility, which are presented in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Debt Covenants
The Company was in compliance with all covenants of the Senior Notes, Senior Secured Notes, Term Loan Facility and ABL Facility as of September 30, 2021.
Other
Other borrowings as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 reflect borrowings under local bank lines classified in debt payable within one year on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
10. Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based upon assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, a three-tier fair value hierarchy is utilized, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;
Level 2: Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Estimates of the fair value of foreign currency derivative instruments are determined using exchange traded prices and rates. The Company also considers the risk of non-performance in the estimation of fair value and includes an adjustment for non-performance risk in the measure of fair value of derivative instruments. In certain instances where market data is not available, the Company uses management judgment to develop assumptions that are used to determine fair value. Fair value measurements and the fair value hierarchy level for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:
September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Input
Forward foreign exchange contracts - other current assets $ 490  $ 1,826  Level 2
Forward foreign exchange contracts - accrued liabilities (1,407) (750) Level 2
17
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
Items Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
In addition to items that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, which are not included in the table above. As these nonrecurring fair value measurements are generally determined using unobservable inputs, these fair value measurements are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. For further information on assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis see Note 2. “Acquisition and Divestitures” and Note 7. “Property, Plant and Equipment.”
Items Not Carried at Fair Value
Fair values of the Company’s Senior Notes, Senior Secured Notes and Term Loan Facility were as follows:
September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Aggregate fair value $ 906,729  $ 965,052 
Aggregate carrying value (1)
973,850  976,400 
(1) Excludes unamortized debt issuance costs and unamortized original issue discount.
Fair values were based on quoted market prices and are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company is exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. The Company enters into derivative instruments primarily to hedge portions of its forecasted foreign currency denominated cash flows and designates these derivative instruments as cash flow hedges in order to qualify for hedge accounting.
The Company formally documents its hedge relationships, including the identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking the cash flow hedges. The Company also formally assesses whether a cash flow hedge is highly effective in offsetting changes in the cash flows of the hedged item. Derivatives are recorded at fair value in other current assets, other assets, accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities. For a cash flow hedge, the change in fair value of the derivative is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) in the condensed consolidated balance sheet, to the extent that the hedges are effective, and reclassified into earnings when the underlying hedged transaction is realized. The realized gains and losses are recorded on the same line as the hedged transaction in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by its counterparties on its derivative financial instruments. The Company mitigates this credit risk exposure by entering into agreements directly with major financial institutions with high credit standards that are expected to fully satisfy their obligations under the contracts.
Cash Flow Hedges
Forward Foreign Exchange Contracts - The Company uses forward contracts to mitigate the potential volatility to earnings and cash flow arising from changes in currency exchange rates that impact the Company’s foreign currency transactions. The principal currencies hedged by the Company include various European currencies, the Canadian Dollar, and the Mexican Peso. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the notional amount of these contracts was $155,100 and $97,503, respectively, and consisted of hedges of transactions up to December 2022.
Pretax amounts related to the Company’s cash flow hedges that were recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) (“OCI”) were as follows:
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Forward foreign exchange contracts $ (1,606) $ 1,051  $ (964) $ (8,448)
Pretax amounts related to the Company’s cash flow hedges that were reclassified from AOCI and recognized in cost of products sold were as follows:
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI to Income
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Forward foreign exchange contracts $ 508  $ (1,764) $ 1,045  $ (6,315)
18
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
11. Accounts Receivable Factoring
As a part of its working capital management, the Company sells certain receivables through a single third-party financial institution (the “Factor”) in a pan-European program. The amount sold varies each month based on the amount of underlying receivables and cash flow needs of the Company. These are permitted transactions under the Company’s credit agreements governing the ABL Facility and Term Loan Facility and the indentures governing the Senior Notes and Senior Secured Notes. The European factoring facility, which was renewed in March 2020, allows the Company to factor up to €120 million of its Euro-denominated accounts receivable, accelerating access to cash and reducing credit risk. The factoring facility expires in December 2023.
Costs incurred on the sale of receivables are recorded in other expense, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The sale of receivables under this contract is considered an off-balance sheet arrangement to the Company and is accounted for as a true sale and is excluded from accounts receivable in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Amounts outstanding under receivable transfer agreements entered into by various locations as of the period end were as follows:
September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Off-balance sheet arrangements $ 43,876  $ 85,108 
Accounts receivable factored and related costs throughout the period were as follows:
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Accounts receivable factored $ 68,897  $ 124,910  $ 286,214  $ 352,103 
Costs 117  120  421  591 
As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, cash collections on behalf of the Factor that have yet to be remitted were $6,272 and $1,786, respectively, and are reflected in other current assets as restricted cash in the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
19
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
12. Pension and Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions
The components of net periodic benefit (income) cost for the Company’s defined benefit plans and other postretirement benefit plans were as follows:
 Pension Benefits
Three Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020
 U.S.  Non-U.S.  U.S.  Non-U.S.
Service cost $ 223  $ 878  $ 213  $ 884 
Interest cost 1,629  659  2,033  736 
Expected return on plan assets (3,564) (335) (3,421) (580)
Amortization of prior service cost and actuarial loss 418  509  485  833 
Net periodic benefit (income) cost $ (1,294) $ 1,711  $ (690) $ 1,873 
 Pension Benefits
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020
 U.S.  Non-U.S.  U.S.  Non-U.S.
Service cost $ 669  $ 2,705  $ 639  $ 2,838 
Interest cost 4,887  1,967  6,099  2,277 
Expected return on plan assets (10,692) (1,013) (10,263) (1,716)
Amortization of prior service cost and actuarial loss 1,254  2,374  1,455  2,417 
Other —  125  —  — 
Net periodic benefit (income) cost $ (3,882) $ 6,158  $ (2,070) $ 5,816 
 
 Other Postretirement Benefits
Three Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020
 U.S.  Non-U.S.  U.S.  Non-U.S.
Service cost $ 26  $ 91  $ 26  $ 97 
Interest cost 133  178  170  175 
Amortization of prior service credit and actuarial (gain) loss (349) 191  (483) 108 
Net periodic benefit (income) cost $ (190) $ 460  $ (287) $ 380 
Other Postretirement Benefits
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020
U.S. Non-U.S. U.S. Non-U.S.
Service cost $ 78  $ 274  $ 78  $ 286 
Interest cost 399  538  510  516 
Amortization of prior service credit and actuarial (gain) loss (1,047) 577  (1,449) 319 
Net periodic benefit (income) cost $ (570) $ 1,389  $ (861) $ 1,121 
The service cost component of net periodic benefit (income) cost is included in cost of products sold and selling, administrative and engineering expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. All other components of net periodic benefit (income) cost are included in other (expense) income, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented.
20
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
13. Other (Expense) Income, Net
The components of other (expense) income, net were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Foreign currency (losses) gains $ (1,396) $ 2,626  $ (5,546) $ (4,397)
Components of net periodic benefit income (cost) other than service cost 531  (56) 631  (165)
Factoring costs (117) (120) (421) (591)
Miscellaneous income (expense) 488  334  1,115  (204)
Other (expense) income, net $ (494) $ 2,784  $ (4,221) $ (5,357)
14. Income Taxes
The Company determines its effective tax rate each quarter based upon its estimated annual effective tax rate. The Company records the tax impact of certain unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, in the interim period in which they occur. In addition, jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year where no tax benefit can be recognized are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate.
Income tax expense (benefit), (loss) income before income taxes and the corresponding effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Income tax expense (benefit) $ 32,121  $ (2,386) $ 15,598  $ (55,485)
(Loss) income before income taxes (92,743) 4,323  (208,508) (297,199)
Effective tax rate (35) % (55) % (7) % 19  %
The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 varied compared to the effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and other supply chain issues driving the initial recognition of valuation allowances in the U.S., resulting in tax expense of $31,740 recorded in the three months and $13,278 recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the geographic mix of pre-tax losses, and the inability to record a benefit for pre-tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions and U.S. states. The three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 were impacted by discrete items related to the benefit for net operating losses carried back up to five years at tax rates in effect during those periods under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), rather than carried forward at current federal tax rates of 21%. Additionally, an incremental loss was recorded for impairment charges on held for sale entities for which no tax benefit was recognized, and a discrete expense of $13,414 for the initial recognition of valuation allowances against net deferred tax assets in certain foreign jurisdictions was recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
The income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 varied from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to the initial recognition of valuation allowances in the U.S., the inability to record a tax benefit for pre-tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions and U.S. states, tax credits, the impact of income taxes on foreign earnings taxed at rates varying from the U.S. statutory rate, and other permanent items. Additionally, the income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 varied from the U.S. statutory rate as a result of benefits from net operating loss carry backs under the CARES Act.
The Company’s current and future provision for income taxes is impacted by the initial recognition of and changes in valuation allowances in certain countries. The Company’s future provision for income taxes will include no tax benefit with respect to losses incurred and, except for certain jurisdictions, no tax expense with respect to income generated in these countries until the respective valuation allowances are eliminated. Accordingly, income taxes are impacted by changes in valuation allowances and the mix of earnings among jurisdictions. The Company evaluates the realizability of its deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis. In completing this evaluation, the Company considers all available evidence in order to determine, based on the weight of the evidence, if a valuation allowance for its deferred tax assets is necessary. Such evidence includes historical results, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and expectations for future taxable income
21
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
(exclusive of the reversal of temporary differences and carryforwards), as well as the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. If, based on the weight of the evidence, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded. If operating results improve or decline on a continual basis in a particular jurisdiction, the Company’s decision regarding the need for a valuation allowance could change, resulting in either the initial recognition or reversal of a valuation allowance in that jurisdiction, which could have a significant impact on income tax expense in the period recognized and subsequent periods. In determining the provision for income taxes for financial statement purposes, the Company makes certain estimates and judgments, which affect its evaluation of the carrying value of its deferred tax assets, as well as its calculation of certain tax liabilities.
15. Net (Loss) Income Per Share Attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.
Basic net (loss) income per share attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. was computed by dividing net (loss) income attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. was computed using the treasury stock method by dividing diluted net (loss) income available to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding, including the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents, using the average share price during the period.
Information used to compute basic and diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. was as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Net (loss) income available to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. common stockholders $ (123,173) $ 4,381  $ (220,648) $ (240,426)
Basic weighted average shares of common stock outstanding 17,097,766  16,927,924  17,027,226  16,908,940 
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents —  87,031  —  — 
Diluted weighted average shares of common stock outstanding 17,097,766  17,014,955  17,027,226  16,908,940 
Basic net (loss) income per share attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. $ (7.20) $ 0.26  $ (12.96) $ (14.22)
Diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. $ (7.20) $ 0.26  $ (12.96) $ (14.22)
Securities excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share were approximately 169,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2021, and approximately 159,000 and 53,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, because the inclusion of such securities in the calculation would have been anti-dilutive. There were no anti-dilutive securities during the three months ended September 30, 2020.
22
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
16. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, net of related tax, were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Balance at beginning of period $ (134,377) $ (175,616) $ (136,579) $ (153,933)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (6,134)
(1)
15,200 
(1)
(3,932)
(1)
(6,483)
(1)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss 144  1,646  144  1,646 
Balance at end of period $ (140,367) $ (158,770) $ (140,367) $ (158,770)
Benefit plan liabilities
Balance at beginning of period $ (102,729) $ (98,194) $ (106,079) $ (100,160)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 4,119 
(2)
(2,422)
(2)
5,160 
(2)
(1,803)
(2)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss 859 
(3)
1,569 
(4)
3,168 
(5)
2,916 
(6)
Balance at end of period $ (97,751) $ (99,047) $ (97,751) $ (99,047)
Fair value change of derivatives
Balance at beginning of period $ 942  $ (3,486) $ 762  $ 352 
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (1,760)
(7)
786 
(7)
(1,184)
(7)
(6,370)
(7)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss (372)
(8)
1,286 
(8)
(768)
(8)
4,604 
(8)
Balance at end of period $ (1,190) $ (1,414) $ (1,190) $ (1,414)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, ending balance $ (239,308) $ (259,231) $ (239,308) $ (259,231)
(1)Includes other comprehensive (loss) income related to intra-entity foreign currency balances that are of a long-term investment nature of $(9,265) and $7,368 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $(5,986) and $(11,850) for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  
(2)Net of tax expense (benefit) of $27 and $57 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $(250) and $347 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Includes other comprehensive gain of $2,666 for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 related to benefit plan liability remeasurement due to a non-U.S. curtailment event. Includes other comprehensive loss of $371 for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to benefit plan liability remeasurement due to the divestiture of certain businesses in Europe and India.
(3)Includes the effect of the amortization of actuarial losses of $664, amortization of prior service cost of $41, and impact of curtailment of $193, net of tax of $39.
(4)Includes the effect of the amortization of actuarial losses of $982, amortization of prior service cost of $25, and net settlement loss of $1,059, offset by net curtailment gain of $315 and net of tax of $182.
(5)Includes the effect of the amortization of actuarial losses of $2,916, amortization of prior service cost of $169, and impact of curtailment of $310, net of tax of $227.
(6)Includes the effect of the amortization of actuarial losses of $2,769, amortization of prior service cost of $67, and net settlement loss of $1,059, offset by net curtailment gain of $315 and net of tax of $664.
(7)Net of tax expense (benefit) of $154 and $265 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $220 and $(2,078) for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
(8)Net of tax expense (benefit) of $136 and $(478) for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $277 and $(1,711) for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
23
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
17. Common Stock
Share Repurchase Program
    In June 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a common stock repurchase program (the “2018 Program”) authorizing the Company to repurchase, in the aggregate, up to $150,000 of its outstanding common stock. Under the 2018 Program, repurchases may be made on the open market, through private transactions, accelerated share repurchases, round lot or block transactions on the New York Stock Exchange or otherwise, as determined by management and in accordance with prevailing market conditions and federal securities laws and regulations. The Company expects to fund any future repurchases from cash on hand and future cash flows from operations. The Company is not obligated to acquire a particular amount of securities, and the 2018 Program may be discontinued at any time at the Company’s discretion. The 2018 Program became effective in November 2018. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had approximately $98,720 of repurchase authorization remaining under the 2018 Program.
The Company did not make any repurchases under the 2018 Program during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 or 2020.
18. Share-Based Compensation
The Company’s long-term incentive plans allow for the grant of various types of share-based awards to key employees and directors of the Company and its affiliates. The Company generally awards grants on an annual basis.
In February 2021, the Company granted Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”), Performance Units (“PUs”) and stock options. The RSUs cliff vest after three years, the PUs vest ratably over three years after the initial two-year performance period, and the stock options vest ratably over three years. The number of PUs that will vest depends on the Company’s achievement of target performance goals related to the Company’s return on invested capital (“ROIC”) and total shareholder return, which may range from 0% to 200% of the target award amount.
Share-based compensation expense was as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
PUs $ 357  $ 127  $ 51  $ 346 
RSUs 873  1,305  3,004  4,715 
Stock options 549  610  1,726  1,916 
Total $ 1,779  $ 2,042  $ 4,781  $ 6,977 
19. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company is periodically involved in claims, litigation and various legal matters that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues for litigation exposure when it is probable that future costs will be incurred and such costs can be reasonably estimated. Any resulting adjustments, which could be material, are recorded in the period the adjustments are identified. As of September 30, 2021, the Company does not believe that there is a reasonable possibility that any material loss exceeding the amounts already recognized for claims, litigation and various legal matters, if any, has been incurred. However, the ultimate resolutions of these proceedings and matters are inherently unpredictable. As such, the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows could be adversely affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution of one or more of these proceedings or matters.
In addition, the Company conducts and monitors environmental investigations and remedial actions at certain locations. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had approximately $10,477 and $13,302, respectively, reserved in accrued liabilities and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets on an undiscounted basis. While the Company’s costs to defend and settle known claims arising under environmental laws have not been material in the past and are not currently estimated to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, such costs may be material to the Company’s financial statements in the future.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
20. Segment Reporting
The Company’s business is organized in the following reportable segments: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and South America. All other business activities are reported in Corporate, eliminations and other. The Company’s principal products within each of the reportable segments are sealing, fuel and brake delivery, and fluid transfer systems.
The Company uses Segment adjusted EBITDA as the measure of earnings to assess the performance of each segment and determine the resources to be allocated to the segments. The results of each segment include certain allocations for general, administrative and other shared costs. Segment adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
Certain financial information on the Company’s reportable segments was as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020
External Sales Intersegment Sales Adjusted EBITDA External Sales Intersegment Sales Adjusted EBITDA
North America $ 270,592  $ 2,711  $ 8,817  $ 359,007  $ 2,372  $ 58,115 
Europe 98,682  1,903  (25,112) 146,029  2,440  (1,466)
Asia Pacific 109,526  306  (14,274) 131,063  1,008  12,246 
South America 15,981  —  (3,422) 17,580  4  (2,680)
Total Automotive 494,781  4,920  (33,991) 653,679  5,824  66,215 
Corporate, eliminations and other 31,909  (4,920) 132  29,521  (5,824) (2,081)
Consolidated $ 526,690  $ —  $ (33,859) $ 683,200  $ —  $ 64,134 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020
External Sales Intersegment Sales Adjusted EBITDA External Sales Intersegment Sales Adjusted EBITDA
North America $ 857,153  $ 7,484  $ 50,806  $ 820,145  $ 8,968  $ 52,260 
Europe 397,079  7,718  (40,992) 410,076  6,755  (47,492)
Asia Pacific 327,666  1,794  (13,024) 316,133  1,678  (6,983)
South America 45,620  15  (6,756) 41,932  72  (11,608)
Total Automotive 1,627,518  17,011  (9,966) 1,588,286  17,473  (13,823)
Corporate, eliminations and other 101,324  (17,011) (79) 90,271  (17,473) (7,516)
Consolidated $ 1,728,842  $ —  $ (10,045) $ 1,678,557  $ —  $ (21,339)
25
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Adjusted EBITDA $ (33,859) $ 64,134  $ (10,045) $ (21,339)
Restructuring charges (1,573) (6,186) (34,251) (23,236)
Impairment charges (1,006) (100) (1,847) (87,417)
Gain on sale of business, net —  2,314  696  2,314 
Lease termination costs (322) (83) (430) (684)
Project costs —  —  —  (4,234)
Divested noncontrolling interest debt extinguishment —  (3,595) —  (3,595)
EBITDA $ (36,760) $ 56,484  $ (45,877) $ (138,191)
Income tax (expense) benefit (32,121) 2,386  (15,598) 55,485 
Interest expense, net of interest income (18,243) (17,985) (54,152) (40,993)
Depreciation and amortization (36,049) (36,504) (105,021) (116,727)
Net (loss) income attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. $ (123,173) $ 4,381  $ (220,648) $ (240,426)

September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Segment assets:
North America $ 905,347  $ 907,652 
Europe 473,071  465,031 
Asia Pacific 484,490  587,610 
South America 61,815  64,800 
Total Automotive 1,924,723  2,025,093 
Corporate, eliminations and other 393,868  586,851 
Consolidated $ 2,318,591  $ 2,611,944 


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Item 2.        Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is intended to assist in understanding and assessing the trends and significant changes in our results of operations and financial condition. Our historical results may not indicate, and should not be relied upon as an indication of, our future performance. Our forward-looking statements reflect our current views about future events, are based on assumptions and are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by these statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements” below for a discussion of risks associated with reliance on forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause differences between actual results and those contemplated by forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“2020 Annual Report”), including Item 1A. “Risk Factors.” The following should be read in conjunction with our 2020 Annual Report and the other information included herein. Our discussion of trends and conditions supplements and updates such discussion included in our 2020 Annual Report. References in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q (the “Report”) to “we,” “our,” or the “Company” refer to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries.
Executive Overview
Our Business
We design, manufacture and sell sealing, fuel and brake delivery, and fluid transfer systems for use primarily in passenger vehicles and light trucks manufactured by global automotive original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”). We are primarily a “Tier 1” supplier, with approximately 83% of our sales in 2020 made directly to major OEMs. We operate our business along the following reportable segments: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and South America. All other business activities are reported in Corporate, eliminations and other.
Recent Trends and Conditions
General Economic Conditions and Outlook
The global automotive industry is susceptible to uncertain economic conditions that could adversely impact new vehicle demand and production. Business conditions may vary significantly from period to period or region to region. The global COVID-19 pandemic created an unusually high degree of economic disruption and uncertainty during 2020, which has continued into 2021. Although optimism for a global economic recovery has continued through the first nine months of 2021, a considerable amount of uncertainty remains, including with respect to variant strains of the virus, access to and acceptance of effective vaccines and related governmental policies and restrictions. The rate of recovery has varied across regions, and, in some cases, rapid growth and spikes in consumer and industrial demand have outpaced production and supply chain capacity. These supply/demand imbalances, primarily semiconductor supply issues, and related inflationary pressures have added another layer of uncertainty for the automotive industry and the broader economy around the world. Despite these uncertainties, economists at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) remain positive in their outlook. They are now expecting the global economy to grow by approximately 5.9% in 2021.
In North America, the United States government has injected historic levels of fiscal stimulus into its economy to sustain businesses, create jobs and drive consumer confidence and spending. In addition, rapid distribution and administration of COVID-19 vaccines have enabled large segments of the economy to return to near normal levels of activity, spurring growth. Unemployment levels improved during the third quarter of 2021, falling below 5.0% in September. At the same time, businesses are continuing to report shortages of labor and reduced output in many markets. Additionally, inflation has continued to ramp higher and is expected to continue throughout 2021. This is having a negative impact on consumer confidence and corporate earnings, which could reduce future economic activity and growth. Despite these adverse impacts, IMF economists currently expect economic growth of approximately 6.0% for the North America region in 2021.
In Europe, the economy bounced back robustly in the second quarter of 2021, as the lifting of pandemic-related restrictions in the region and expansionary fiscal and monetary policies bolstered household spending and investment activity. Available indicators suggest the recovery carried over into the third quarter, albeit at a softer pace. Consumer confidence improved in the third quarter and remains above pre-pandemic levels. However, unemployment in the region is currently estimated at 8.0%, still significantly higher than pre-pandemic levels. Based on improving health conditions and increasing consumer confidence, the IMF is projecting economic growth in the region of approximately 5.0% for 2021.
In the Asia Pacific region, China’s economy lost some momentum in the third quarter of 2021, impacted by supply disruptions, negative developments in the property sector, restraints on polluting industries, and some mobility restrictions. In August, credit growth continued to moderate while the non-manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index declined. Consumer
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confidence in China has been trending down in recent months, including during the third quarter of 2021. However, unemployment in the region’s largest economy remains at approximately 5.0%, similar to pre-pandemic levels. Economists at the IMF currently expect China’s economy to grow by 8.0% in 2021, fueled by pent-up domestic demand, as well as increasing export volumes.
In South America, the Brazilian economy continues to show mixed signals of risk and recovery. Unemployment in the country recently improved to 13.7%, the lowest level in more than a year, while consumer confidence ticked slightly lower in August following five consecutive months of improvement. The manufacturing PMI fell to a four-month low as output growth slowed. Economists at the IMF estimate that the Brazilian economy will grow by approximately 5.0% in 2021, underpinned by improving domestic and external demand, as COVID-19 vaccines continue broad distribution and related restrictions are gradually being lifted. However, frail fiscal accounts, a heavy debt burden and political polarization represent key risks. Given the long history of political instability and economic volatility, we remain cautious for the mid to long-term economic outlook in the region.
Raw Materials
Our business is susceptible to inflationary pressures with respect to raw materials which may place operational and profitability burdens on the entire supply chain. Costs related to raw materials, such as steel, aluminum, and oil and oil-derived commodities, continue to be volatile, which has led to extended and magnified increases in these costs in 2021. We expect these increases to have an impact on results for the remainder of the year and into 2022. As such, on an ongoing basis, we work with our customers and suppliers to mitigate both inflationary pressures and our material-related cost exposures.
Production Levels
Our business is directly affected by the automotive vehicle production rates in North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and South America. Beginning in the first quarter of 2020, as a result of COVID-19, we experienced the shutdown of effectively all of our facilities coinciding with the shutdown of our customer facilities in all regions. Production subsequently resumed in all regions, at steadily increasing rates throughout the year.
In the first quarter of 2021 and continuing throughout the year, OEM production volumes were disrupted by the global shortage of semiconductors. The shortage has resulted in slowdowns and stoppages in the final production of vehicles. Current customer schedules and industry forecasts suggest production volumes will begin to improve in the fourth quarter. Therefore, we are collaborating closely with our customers to minimize production inefficiencies while supporting their needs.
Light vehicle production in certain regions for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions of units)
2021(1)
2020(1)
% Change
2021(1)
2020(1)
% Change
North America 3.0  4.0  (25.2)% 9.8  9.2  6.8%
Europe 3.1  4.4  (29.6)% 12.0  11.3  5.7%
Asia Pacific 9.4  11.0  (15.1)% 30.7  27.8  10.6%
Greater China 5.3  6.4  (16.8)% 17.0  15.8  7.8%
South America 0.6  0.7  (10.9)% 1.9  1.5  28.6%
(1)Production data based on IHS Automotive, October 2021.
In all regions, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, vehicle production increased compared to the comparable prior year period, despite the impact of semiconductor supply issues in the current year. The semiconductor supply issues in 2021 resulted in shutdowns at certain facilities, particularly in North America, for intermediate periods of time, as compared to the widespread and lengthy facility shutdowns in 2020 due to the initial impacts of COVID-19. During the third quarter of 2021, decreased vehicle production in all regions compared to the third quarter of 2020 was the result of higher than normal vehicle production in the prior year period as production facilities re-opened after COVID-19 closures and met pent-up demand. Additionally, volume production in the third quarter of 2021 continued to be suppressed by semiconductor supply issues, which resulted in significant decreases in the quarter-over-quarter comparison across all regions.
Notable Events
Subsequent to the end of the third quarter, the Company finalized a long-term commercial agreement with a footwear manufacturer granting them license to use FortrexTM technology in the manufacture of their footwear products. The agreement calls for the payment of licensing fees and ongoing volume-based royalties with an established minimum value.
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Results of Operations
  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2021 2020 Change 2021 2020 Change
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Sales $ 526,690  $ 683,200  $ (156,510) $ 1,728,842  $ 1,678,557  $ 50,285 
Cost of products sold 534,817  598,714  (63,897) 1,669,610  1,611,299  58,311 
Gross (loss) profit (8,127) 84,486  (92,613) 59,232  67,258  (8,026)
Selling, administration & engineering expenses 60,367  60,059  308  168,506  199,001  (30,495)
Gain on sale of business, net —  (2,314) 2,314  (696) (2,314) 1,618 
Amortization of intangibles 1,819  1,669  150  5,524  9,632  (4,108)
Restructuring charges 1,573  6,186  (4,613) 34,251  23,236  11,015 
Impairment charges 1,006  100  906  1,847  87,710  (85,863)
Operating (loss) profit (72,892) 18,786  (91,678) (150,200) (250,007) 99,807 
Interest expense, net of interest income (18,243) (17,985) (258) (54,152) (40,993) (13,159)
Equity in (losses) earnings of affiliates (1,114) 738  (1,852) 65  (842) 907 
Other (expense) income, net (494) 2,784  (3,278) (4,221) (5,357) 1,136 
(Loss) income before income taxes (92,743) 4,323  (97,066) (208,508) (297,199) 88,691 
Income tax expense (benefit) 32,121  (2,386) 34,507  15,598  (55,485) 71,083 
Net (loss) income (124,864) 6,709  (131,573) (224,106) (241,714) 17,608 
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests 1,691  (2,328) 4,019  3,458  1,288  2,170 
Net (loss) income attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. $ (123,173) $ 4,381  $ (127,554) $ (220,648) $ (240,426) $ 19,778 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Sales
Sales for the three months ended September 30, 2021 decreased 22.9%, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. The decrease in sales was driven by lower vehicle production volume due to the impact of semiconductor supply issues in the current year and the prior year ramp up and strong production of vehicles following lengthy shutdowns from COVID-19, partially offset by foreign exchange.
Three Months Ended September 30, Variance Due To:
2021 2020 Change Volume / Mix* Foreign Exchange Divestitures
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Total sales $ 526,690  $ 683,200  $ (156,510) $ (165,348) $ 8,838  $ — 
* Net of customer price reductions
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Gross (Loss) Profit
Three Months Ended September 30, Variance Due To:
2021 2020 Change Volume / Mix* Foreign Exchange Cost Increases / (Decreases)
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Cost of products sold $ 534,817  $ 598,714  $ (63,897) $ (101,777) $ 10,315  $ 27,565 
Gross (loss) profit (8,127) 84,486  (92,613) (63,571) (1,477) (27,565)
Gross (loss) profit percentage of sales (1.5) % 12.4  %
* Net of customer price reductions
Cost of products sold is primarily comprised of material, labor, manufacturing overhead, freight, depreciation, warranty costs and other direct operating expenses. The Company’s material cost of products sold was approximately 47% and 49% of total cost of products sold for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The change in the cost of products sold was impacted by vehicle volume and mix, higher commodity and material costs, higher labor and overhead costs due to inconsistent volume production schedules, foreign exchange and wage inflation.
Gross (loss) profit for the three months ended September 30, 2021 decreased $92.6 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. The change was driven by volume and mix, commodity and wage inflation, the non-recurrence of prior year government incentives and foreign exchange. These items were partially offset by lower variable employee compensation expenses, purchasing lean savings, and restructuring savings.
Selling, Administration and Engineering Expense. Selling, administration and engineering expense includes administrative expenses as well as product engineering and design and development costs. Selling, administration and engineering expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was 11.5% of sales compared to 8.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to lower sales and the $11.2 million credit loss for certain accounts receivable deemed to be unrecoverable. Excluding the bad debt reserve, the decrease in amount was attributable to lower variable employee compensation expenses, and salaried headcount initiative savings, partially offset by general inflation and foreign exchange.
Gain on Sale of Business, Net. The gain on sale of business of $2.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 related to the net effect of our 2020 divestitures.
Amortization of Intangibles. Intangible amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2021 increased $0.2 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was attributable primarily to foreign exchange translation on our non-U.S. intangibles.
Restructuring. Restructuring charges for the three months ended September 30, 2021 decreased $4.6 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. The decrease was driven by lower restructuring charges in North America and Europe, as certain headcount initiatives and footprint rationalization events neared completion.
Impairment Charges. Non-cash impairment charges for the three months ended September 30, 2021 increased $0.9 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was driven by impairment charges related to idle assets, primarily at certain facilities in our North America and Europe regions.
Interest Expense, Net. Net interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 increased $0.3 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, due to lower interest income amounts attributable to lower invested cash balances.
Other (Expense) Income, Net. Other (expense) income for the three months ended September 30, 2021 increased $3.3 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, primarily due to higher foreign currency losses.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit). Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was $32.1 million on losses before income taxes of $92.7 million compared to an income tax benefit of $2.4 million on earnings before income taxes of $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2021 differed primarily from the effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2020 due to the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and other supply chain issues driving the initial recognition of valuation allowances in the U.S., resulting in tax expense of $31.7 million, which includes a reversal of tax benefits recorded for losses in the first six months of 2021. Geographic mix of pre-tax losses and the inability to record a tax benefit for pre-tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions and U.S. states drives a difference between reporting periods. Additionally, the periods vary due to benefits recorded in the
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three month period ended September 30, 2020 as a result of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) net operating loss (“NOL”) carry back provision that allows NOLs generated to be carried back up to five years at the tax rates in effect during those periods, rather than carried forward at current federal tax rates of 21%.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Sales
Sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 increased 3.0%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was driven by vehicle production volume increases due to non-recurrence of lengthy shutdowns in the prior year period from COVID-19, offset in part by the impact of semiconductor supply issues in the current year. Foreign exchange also contributed to the increase in sales, which was partially offset by the prior year divestiture of our European rubber fluid transfer and specialty sealing businesses and Indian operations.
Nine Months Ended September 30, Variance Due To:
2021 2020 Change Volume / Mix* Foreign Exchange Divestitures
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Total sales $ 1,728,842  $ 1,678,557  $ 50,285  $ 61,872  $ 52,921  $ (64,508)
* Net of customer price reductions
Gross Profit
Nine Months Ended September 30, Variance Due To:
2021 2020 Change Volume / Mix* Foreign Exchange Cost Increases / (Decreases)**
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Cost of products sold $ 1,669,610  $ 1,611,299  $ 58,311  $ 54,312  $ 52,770  $ (48,771)
Gross profit 59,232  67,258  (8,026) 7,560  151  (15,737)
Gross profit percentage of sales 3.4  % 4.0  %
* Net of customer price reductions
** Includes the net impact of divestitures
Cost of products sold is primarily comprised of material, labor, manufacturing overhead, freight, depreciation, warranty costs and other direct operating expenses. The Company’s material cost of products sold was approximately 47% and 45% of total cost of products sold for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The change in the cost of products sold was impacted by vehicle volume and mix, the prior year divestiture of our European rubber fluid transfer and specialty sealing businesses and Indian operations, continuous improvement and lean manufacturing, higher commodity and material costs, foreign exchange and wage inflation.
Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 decreased 11.9% compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The change was driven by commodity and wage inflation and the non-recurrence of prior year COVID-19 government incentives. These items were partially offset by volume and mix, net favorable operational performance, lower variable employee compensation expenses, purchasing lean savings, restructuring savings, and the prior year divestiture of our European rubber fluid transfer and specialty sealing businesses and Indian operations.
Selling, Administration and Engineering Expense. Selling, administration and engineering expense includes administrative expenses as well as product engineering and design and development costs. Sales, administration and engineering expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was 9.7% of sales compared to 11.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The decrease was primarily due to salaried headcount initiative savings, lower variable employee compensation expenses, lower professional fees, and divestitures, partially offset by the $11.2 million credit loss for certain accounts receivable deemed to be unrecoverable and foreign exchange.
Gain on Sale of Business, Net. The gain on sale of business of $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 related to deconsolidation adjustments for the sale of our European fluid transfer and specialty sealing businesses and Indian operations. The gain on sale of business of $2.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to the net effect of our 2020 divestitures.
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Amortization of Intangibles. Intangible amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 decreased $4.1 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The decrease was driven by a customer relationship intangible asset in the North America region that was fully amortized during the second quarter of 2020.
Restructuring. Restructuring charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 increased $11.0 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was driven by higher restructuring charges in Europe, primarily related to headcount initiatives and footprint rationalization.
Impairment Charges. Impairment charges of $1.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 related to idle assets, primarily at certain facilities in our North America and Europe regions. Impairment charges of $87.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily related to reducing the carrying value of our held for sale facilities to fair value less costs to sell.
Interest Expense, Net. Net interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 increased $13.2 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, primarily due to a full nine months of interest expense for our Senior Secured Notes, which were issued in May 2020.
Other Expense, Net. Other expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 decreased $1.1 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, primarily due to higher benefit income and miscellaneous income amounts.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit). Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $15.6 million on losses before income taxes of $208.5 million compared to income tax benefit of $55.5 million on losses before income taxes of $297.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 differed primarily from the effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 due to the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and other supply chain issues driving the initial recognition of valuation allowances in the U.S resulting in net tax expense of $13.3 million, geographic mix of pre-tax losses, the inability to record a tax benefit for pre-tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions and U.S. states, as well as benefits recorded in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2020 as a result of the CARES Act net operating loss carry back provision. Additionally, a discrete expense of $13.4 million for the initial recognition of valuation allowances against net deferred tax assets in certain foreign jurisdictions was recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
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Segment Results of Operations
Our business is organized into the following reportable segments: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and South America. All other business activities are reported in Corporate, eliminations and other. The Company uses Segment adjusted EBITDA as the measure of earnings to assess the performance of each segment and determine the resources to be allocated to the segments. We have defined adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, restructuring expense, and special items.
The following tables present sales and segment adjusted EBITDA for each of the reportable segments.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Sales
Three Months Ended September 30, Variance Due To:
2021 2020 Change
Volume/ Mix*
Foreign Exchange Divestitures
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Sales to external customers
North America $ 270,592  $ 359,007  $ (88,415) $ (89,665) $ 1,250  $ — 
Europe 98,682  146,029  (47,347) (48,118) 771  — 
Asia Pacific 109,526  131,063  (21,537) (27,813) 6,276  — 
South America 15,981  17,580  (1,599) (2,042) 443  — 
Total Automotive 494,781  653,679  (158,898) (167,638) 8,740  — 
Corporate, eliminations and other 31,909  29,521  2,388  2,290  98  — 
Consolidated $ 526,690  $ 683,200  $ (156,510) $ (165,348) $ 8,838  $ — 
* Net of customer price reductions
•Volume and mix, net of customer price reductions, was driven by vehicle production volume decreases due to semiconductor-related customer schedule reductions.
•The impact of foreign currency exchange primarily related to the Chinese Renminbi, Canadian Dollar, Euro and Brazilian Real.
Segment adjusted EBITDA
Three Months Ended September 30, Variance Due To:
2021 2020 Change
Volume/ Mix*
Foreign Exchange Cost (Increases)/ Decreases Divestitures
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Segment adjusted EBITDA
North America $ 8,817  $ 58,115  $ (49,298) $ (33,462) $ (3,606) $ (12,230) $ — 
Europe (25,112) (1,466) (23,646) (18,621) (197) (4,828) — 
Asia Pacific (14,274) 12,246  (26,520) (12,204) (2,015) (12,301) — 
South America (3,422) (2,680) (742) (322) 529  (949) — 
Total Automotive (33,991) 66,215  (100,206) (64,609) (5,289) (30,308) — 
Corporate, eliminations and other 132  (2,081) 2,213  1,038  (162) 1,337  — 
Consolidated adjusted EBITDA $ (33,859) $ 64,134  $ (97,993) $ (63,571) $ (5,451) $ (28,971) $ — 
* Net of customer price reductions
•Volume and mix, net of customer price reductions, was driven by vehicle production volume decreases due to semi-conductor-related customer schedule reductions.
•The impact of foreign currency exchange was driven by the Chinese Renminbi, Mexican Peso, Canadian Dollar, Euro, Polish Zloty, Czech Koruna, and Brazilian Real.
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•The Cost (Increases) / Decreases category above includes:
◦Commodity cost, wage inflation increases and the non-recurrence of prior year government incentives;
◦The one-time impact of $11.2 million credit loss for certain accounts receivable related to the bankruptcy proceedings of a former joint venture in Asia; and
◦Reduction in compensation-related expenses due to lower variable employee compensation expenses, salaried headcount initiatives, purchasing savings through lean initiatives, and restructuring savings.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Sales
Nine Months Ended September 30, Variance Due To:
2021 2020 Change
Volume/ Mix*
Foreign Exchange Divestitures
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Sales to external customers
North America $ 857,153  $ 820,145  $ 37,008  $ 32,794  $ 4,214  $ — 
Europe 397,079  410,076  (12,997) 9,988  26,232  (49,217)
Asia Pacific 327,666  316,133  11,533  3,567  23,257  (15,291)
South America 45,620  41,932  3,688  6,599  (2,911) — 
Total Automotive 1,627,518  1,588,286  39,232  52,948  50,792  (64,508)
Corporate, eliminations and other 101,324  90,271  11,053  8,924  2,129  — 
Consolidated $ 1,728,842  $ 1,678,557  $ 50,285  $ 61,872  $ 52,921  $ (64,508)
* Net of customer price reductions
•Volume and mix, net of customer price reductions, was driven by vehicle production volume increases due to non-recurrence of lengthy shutdowns in the prior year from COVID-19, offset in part by semiconductor-related customer schedule reductions in the current year.
•The impact of foreign currency exchange primarily related to the Euro, Chinese Renminbi, Canadian Dollar and Brazilian Real.
Segment adjusted EBITDA
Nine Months Ended September 30, Variance Due To:
2021 2020 Change Volume/ Mix* Foreign Exchange Cost (Increases)/ Decreases  Divestitures
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Segment adjusted EBITDA
North America $ 50,806  $ 52,260  $ (1,454) $ 11,683  $ (6,838) $ (5,800) $ (499)
Europe (40,992) (47,492) 6,500  (932) (1,405) 6,487  2,350 
Asia Pacific (13,024) (6,983) (6,041) (9,633) 497  (3,944) 7,039 
South America (6,756) (11,608) 4,852  4,260  4,657  (4,065) — 
Total Automotive (9,966) (13,823) 3,857  5,378  (3,089) (7,322) 8,890 
Corporate, eliminations and other (79) (7,516) 7,437  2,182  386  4,869  — 
Consolidated adjusted EBITDA $ (10,045) $ (21,339) $ 11,294  $ 7,560  $ (2,703) $ (2,453) $ 8,890 
* Net of customer price reductions
•Volume and mix, net of customer price reductions, was driven by vehicle production volume increases due to non-recurrence of lengthy shutdowns in the prior year period from COVID-19, offset in part by the impact of semiconductor-related customer schedule reductions in the current year.
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•The impact of foreign currency exchange was driven by the Canadian Dollar, Mexican Peso, Euro, Polish Zloty, Czech Koruna, Brazilian Real, and Chinese Renminbi.
•The Cost (Increases) / Decreases category above includes:
◦The one-time impact of $11.2 million credit loss for certain accounts receivable related to the bankruptcy proceedings of a former joint venture in Asia; and
◦Commodity cost, wage inflation increases and the non-recurrence of prior year government incentives; and
◦Reduction in compensation-related expenses, due to salaried headcount initiatives, purchasing savings through lean initiatives, lower variable employee compensation expenses and restructuring savings; and
◦Net manufacturing efficiencies of $28 million, primarily driven by our North America, Asia Pacific and Europe segments.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Short and Long-Term Liquidity Considerations and Risks
We intend to fund our ongoing working capital, capital expenditures, debt service and other funding requirements through a combination of cash flows from operations, cash on hand, borrowings under our senior asset-based revolving credit facility (“ABL Facility”) and receivables factoring. The Company utilizes intercompany loans and equity contributions to fund its worldwide operations. There may be country-specific regulations which may restrict or result in increased costs in the repatriation of these funds. See Note 9. “Debt” to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report for additional information.
We continue to actively preserve cash and enhance liquidity, including decreasing our capital expenditures. Based on those actions and current projections of OEM customer production, we believe that our cash flows from operations, cash on hand, borrowings under our ABL Facility and receivables factoring will enable us to meet our ongoing working capital, capital expenditures, debt service and other funding requirements for the next twelve months, despite the challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic and supply chain issues facing the industry. We continuously monitor and forecast our liquidity situation, take the necessary actions to preserve our liquidity and evaluate other financial alternatives that may be available to us should the need arise. Our ability to fund our working capital needs, debt payments and other obligations, and to comply with the financial covenants, including borrowing base limitations, under our ABL Facility, depend on our future operating performance and cash flows and many factors outside of our control, including the costs of raw materials, the state of the overall automotive industry and financial and economic conditions, including the continued impact of COVID-19, and other factors.
Cash Flows
Operating Activities. Net cash used in operations was $111.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to net cash used in operations of $26.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The net change was primarily due to working capital outflows and reduced cash earnings.
Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $72.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to net cash used in investing activities of $89.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The larger outflow in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to cash divested. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent supply chain issues, significant decreases in capital expenditures occurred throughout 2020 and in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. We expect lower expenditures will continue in 2021, primarily as part of initiatives to consistently reduce overall capital spending. We anticipate that we will spend approximately $100 million on capital expenditures in 2021.
Financing Activities. Net cash used in financing activities totaled $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $225.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The outflow in 2021 primarily related to principal payments on debt, while the inflow in 2020 was primarily due to proceeds from issuance of our Senior Secured Notes.
Share Repurchase Program
In June 2018, our Board of Directors approved a common stock repurchase program (the “2018 Program”) authorizing us to repurchase, in the aggregate, up to $150.0 million of our outstanding common stock. Under the 2018 Program, repurchases may be made on the open market, through private transactions, accelerated share repurchases, round lot or block transactions on the New York Stock Exchange or otherwise, as determined by us and in accordance with prevailing market conditions and federal securities laws and regulations. We expect to fund any future repurchases from cash on hand and future
35

cash flows from operations. The specific timing and amount of any future repurchase will vary based on market and business conditions and other factors. We are not obligated to acquire a particular amount of securities, and the 2018 Program may be discontinued at any time at our discretion. As of September 30, 2021, we had approximately $98.7 million of repurchase authorization remaining under the 2018 Program.
We did not make any repurchases under the 2018 Program during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 or 2020.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In evaluating our business, management considers EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to be key indicators of our operating performance. Our management also uses EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:
•because similar measures are utilized in the calculation of the financial covenants and ratios contained in our financing arrangements;
•in developing our internal budgets and forecasts;
•as a significant factor in evaluating our management for compensation purposes;
•in evaluating potential acquisitions;
•in comparing our current operating results with corresponding historical periods and with the operational performance of other companies in our industry; and
•in presentations to the members of our board of directors to enable our board of directors to have the same measurement basis of operating performance as is used by management in their assessments of performance and in forecasting and budgeting for our company.
In addition, we believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are widely used by investors, securities analysts and other interested parties in evaluating our performance. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) plus income tax expense (benefit), interest expense, net of interest income, depreciation and amortization or EBITDA, as adjusted for items that management does not consider to be reflective of our core operating performance. These adjustments include, but are not limited to, restructuring costs, impairment charges, non-cash fair value adjustments and acquisition-related costs.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not financial measurements recognized under U.S. GAAP, and when analyzing our operating performance, investors should use EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as a supplement to, and not as alternatives for, net income (loss), operating income, or any other performance measure derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP, nor as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA have limitations as analytical tools, and they should not be considered in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our results of operations as reported under U.S. GAAP. These limitations include:
 
•they do not reflect our cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditure or contractual commitments;
•they do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;
•they do not reflect interest expense or cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments under our ABL Facility, Term Loan Facility, Senior Notes and Senior Secured Notes;
•they do not reflect certain tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us;
•although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated or amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect cash requirements for such replacements; and
•other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate these measures differently and, as the number of differences in the way companies calculate these measures increases, the degree of their usefulness as a comparative measure correspondingly decreases.
In addition, in evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, it should be noted that in the future, we may incur expenses similar to the adjustments in the below presentation. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by special items.
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The following table provides a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA from net loss, which is the most comparable financial measure in accordance with U.S. GAAP:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Net (loss) income attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. $ (123,173) $ 4,381  $ (220,648) $ (240,426)
Income tax expense (benefit) 32,121  (2,386) 15,598  (55,485)
Interest expense, net of interest income 18,243  17,985  54,152  40,993 
Depreciation and amortization 36,049  36,504  105,021  116,727 
EBITDA $ (36,760) $ 56,484  $ (45,877) $ (138,191)
Restructuring charges 1,573  6,186  34,251  23,236 
Impairment charges (1)
1,006  100  1,847  87,417 
Gain on sale of business, net (2)
—  (2,314) (696) (2,314)
Lease termination costs (3)
322  83  430  684 
Project costs (4)
—  —  —  4,234 
Divested noncontrolling interest debt extinguishment —  3,595  —  3,595 
Adjusted EBITDA $ (33,859) $ 64,134  $ (10,045) $ (21,339)
(1)Non-cash impairment charges in 2021 related to fixed assets. Non-cash impairment charges in 2020 included impairment of assets held for sale and other impairment charges, net of portion attributable to our noncontrolling interests.
(2)During 2021, we recorded subsequent adjustments to the net gain on sale of business, which related to the 2020 divestiture of our European rubber fluid transfer and specialty sealing businesses.
(3)Lease termination costs no longer recorded as restructuring charges in accordance with ASC 842.
(4)Project costs recorded in selling, administration and engineering expense related to divestitures in 2020.





37

Contingencies and Environmental Matters
The information concerning contingencies, including environmental contingencies and the amount currently held in reserve for environmental matters, contained in Note 19. “Commitments and Contingencies” to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report, is incorporated herein by reference.
Critical Accounting Estimates
There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Forward-Looking Statements
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of U.S. federal securities laws, and we intend that such forward-looking statements be subject to the safe harbor created thereby. Our use of words “estimate,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” “plan,” “intend,” “believe,” “outlook”, “guidance”, “forecast,” or future or conditional verbs, such as “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” or “may,” and variations of such words or similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are based upon our current expectations and various assumptions. Our expectations, beliefs, and projections are expressed in good faith and we believe there is a reasonable basis for them. However, we cannot assure you that these expectations, beliefs and projections will be achieved. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results or achievements to be materially different from the future results or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Among other items, such factors may include: the impact, and expected continued impact, of the COVID-19 outbreak on our financial condition and results of operations; significant risks to our liquidity presented by the COVID-19 pandemic risk; prolonged or material contractions in automotive sales and production volumes; our inability to realize sales represented by awarded business; escalating pricing pressures; loss of large customers or significant platforms; our ability to successfully compete in the automotive parts industry; availability and increasing volatility in costs of manufactured components and raw materials; disruption in our supply base; competitive threats and commercial risks associated with our diversification strategy through our Advanced Technology Group; possible variability of our working capital requirements; risks associated with our international operations, including changes in laws, regulations, and policies governing the terms of foreign trade such as increased trade restrictions and tariffs; foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; our ability to control the operations of our joint ventures for our sole benefit; our substantial amount of indebtedness and variable rates of interest; our ability to obtain adequate financing sources in the future; operating and financial restrictions imposed on us under our debt instruments; the underfunding of our pension plans; significant changes in discount rates and the actual return on pension assets; effectiveness of continuous improvement programs and other cost savings plans; manufacturing facility closings or consolidation; our ability to execute new program launches; our ability to meet customers’ needs for new and improved products; the possibility that our acquisitions and divestitures may not be successful; product liability, warranty and recall claims brought against us; laws and regulations, including environmental, health and safety laws and regulations; legal and regulatory proceedings, claims or investigations against us; work stoppages or other labor disruptions; the ability of our intellectual property to withstand legal challenges; cyber-attacks, data privacy concerns, other disruptions in, or the inability to implement upgrades to, our information technology systems; the possible volatility of our annual effective tax rate; the possibility of a failure to maintain effective controls and procedures; the possibility of future impairment charges to our goodwill and long-lived assets; our ability to identify, attract, develop and retain a skilled, engaged and diverse workforce; our ability to procure insurance at reasonable rates; and our dependence on our subsidiaries for cash to satisfy our obligations.
You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or otherwise revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except where we are expressly required to do so by law.
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q also contains estimates and other information that is based on industry publications, surveys, and forecasts. This information involves a number of assumptions and limitations, and we have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the information.
Item 3.        Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There have been no material changes to the quantitative and qualitative information about the Company’s market risk from those previously disclosed in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report.
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Item 4.        Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company has evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this Report. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer along with the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of the end of the period covered by this Report.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 2.        Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
(c) Purchases of Equity Securities By the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
The Company is authorized to purchase, in the aggregate, up to $150 million of our outstanding common stock under our common stock repurchase program, which was effective in November 2018. As of September 30, 2021, we had approximately $98.7 million of repurchase authorization remaining under our common stock share repurchase program as discussed in Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources - Share Repurchase Program,” and Note 17. “Common Stock” to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report.
A summary of our shares of common stock repurchased during the three months ended September 30, 2021 is shown below:
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)
Average Price Paid per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Program (in millions)
July 1, 2021 through July 31, 2021 597  $ 29.00  —  $ 98.7 
August 1, 2021 through August 31, 2021 556  25.78  —  98.7 
September 1, 2021 through September 30, 2021 61  22.27  —  98.7 
Total 1,214  — 
(1)Represents shares repurchased by the Company to satisfy employee tax withholding requirements due upon the vesting of restricted stock awards.
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Item 6.        Exhibits
Exhibit
No. 		  Description of Exhibit
10.1*†
10.2*†
31.1*  
31.2*  
32**  
101.INS*** Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH***   Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL***   Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF***   Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB***   Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE***   Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104*** Cover Page Interactive Data File, formatted in Inline XBRL
* Filed with this Report.
** Furnished with this Report.
*** Submitted electronically with this Report in accordance with the provisions of Regulation S-T.
† Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.    
November 4, 2021
/S/ JONATHAN P. BANAS
Date Jonathan P. Banas
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)
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