Report of Foreign Issuer Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16 (6-k)

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

Form 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER

PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2023

Commission File Number 1-14840

AMDOCS LIMITED

Hirzel House, Smith Street,

St. Peter Port, Island of Guernsey, GY1 2NG

Amdocs, Inc.

625 Maryville Centre Drive, Suite 200 Saint Louis, Missouri 63141

(Address of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F:

FORM 20-F ☑ FORM 40-F ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

YES ☐ NO ☑

If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b): 82- _______

AMDOCS LIMITED

FORM 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2023

INDEX


PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION	3
Item 1. Financial Statements	3
Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
Consolidated Statements of Income	4
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	5
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity	6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	8
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects	20
PART II OTHER INFORMATION	29
Item 1. Changes in Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	29
Item 2. Reports on Form 6-K	29
SIGNATURES	29

This report on Form 6-K shall be incorporated by reference into any Registration Statement filed by the Registrant that by its terms automatically incorporates the Registrant's filings and submissions with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

AMDOCS LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	As of
	March 31, 2023			September 30, 2022
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	623,404		$	573,377
Short-term interest-bearing investments		238,163			244,603
Accounts receivable, net		991,486			946,777
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		251,883			238,390
Total current assets		2,104,936			2,003,147
Property and equipment, net		797,023			794,287
Lease assets		157,587			176,884
Goodwill		2,662,825			2,662,825
Intangible assets, net		135,470			178,312
Other noncurrent assets		606,329			574,938
Total assets	$	6,464,170		$	6,390,393
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	212,364		$	134,400
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		587,514			612,656
Accrued personnel costs		135,029			208,602
Lease liabilities		38,319			43,336
Deferred revenue		351,671			253,686
Total current liabilities		1,324,897			1,252,680
Deferred income taxes and taxes payable		260,282			312,237
Lease liabilities		120,170			138,378
Long-term debt, net of unamortized debt issuance costs		645,404			645,117
Other noncurrent liabilities		483,856			481,703
Total liabilities		2,834,609			2,830,115
Equity: Amdocs Limited Shareholders' equity:
Preferred Shares — Authorized 25,000 shares; £0.01 par value; 0 shares issued and outstanding		—			—
Ordinary Shares — Authorized 700,000 shares; £0.01 par value; 286,132 and 284,400 issued and 120,244 and 120,842 outstanding, respectively		4,569			4,548
Additional paid-in capital		4,181,820			4,105,900
Treasury stock, at cost 165,888 and 163,558 ordinary shares, respectively		(6,937,426	)		(6,731,789	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(53,734	)		(72,476	)
Retained earnings		6,390,912			6,211,586
Total Amdocs Limited Shareholders' equity		3,586,141			3,517,769
Noncontrolling interests		43,420			42,509
Total equity		3,629,561			3,560,278
Total liabilities and equity	$	6,464,170		$	6,390,393

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

AMDOCS LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	Three months ended March 31,						Six months ended March 31,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Revenue	$	1,223,304		$	1,145,271		$	2,409,024		$	2,249,903
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue		795,485			741,257			1,552,334			1,457,975
Research and development		89,274			87,064			185,000			169,009
Selling, general and administrative		143,328			134,982			286,550			263,058
Amortization of purchased intangible assets and other		12,940			18,317			28,253			36,064
Restructuring charges		—			—			24,536			—
		1,041,027			981,620			2,076,673			1,926,106
Operating income		182,277			163,651			332,351			323,797
Interest and other expense, net		(2,938	)		(8,619	)		(7,901	)		(11,181	)
Gain from sale of a business		—			—			—			10,000
Income before income taxes		179,339			155,032			324,450			322,616
Income tax expense (benefit)		29,030			(3,465	)		44,269			30,517
Net income	$	150,309		$	158,497		$	280,181		$	292,099
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		706			—			911			—
Net income attributable to Amdocs Limited	$	149,603		$	158,497		$	279,270		$	292,099
Basic earnings per share attributable to Amdocs Limited	$	1.24		$	1.29		$	2.32		$	2.36
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Amdocs Limited	$	1.23		$	1.28		$	2.30		$	2.34
Cash dividends declared per ordinary share	$	0.435		$	0.395		$	0.830		$	0.755

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

AMDOCS LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(dollar amounts in thousands)


	Three months ended March 31,					Six months ended March 31,
	2023		2022			2023		2022
Net income	$	150,309	$	158,497		$	280,181	$	292,099
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges(1)		2,004		(4,722	)		13,197		(1,687	)
Net change in fair value of available-for-sale securities(2)		3,398		(10,389	)		5,545		(12,955	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		5,402		(15,111	)		18,742		(14,642	)
Comprehensive income	$	155,711	$	143,386		$	298,923	$	277,457
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests		706		—			911		—
Comprehensive income attributable to Amdocs Limited	$	155,005	$	143,386		$	298,012	$	277,457

(1)

Net of tax of $277 and $39 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively and of $286 and $161 for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(2)

No tax impact for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

AMDOCS LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	Ordinary Shares
	Shares			Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (1)			Retained Earnings			Total Amdocs Limited Shareholders’ Equity			Non- controlling Interests		Total Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2022		120,588		$	4,559	$	4,139,980	$	(6,831,810	)	$	(59,136	)	$	6,293,618		$	3,547,211		$	42,714	$	3,589,925
Comprehensive income:		—			—		—		—			—			—					0
Net income		—			—		—		—			—			149,603			149,603			706		150,309
Other comprehensive income		—			—		—		—			5,402			—			5,402			—		5,402
Comprehensive income		—			—		—		—			—			—			155,005			706		155,711
Employee stock options exercised		336			4		20,479		—			—			—			20,483			—		20,483
Repurchase of shares		(1,147	)		—		—		(105,616	)		—			—			(105,616	)		—		(105,616	)
Cash dividends declared ($0.435 per ordinary share)		—			—		—		—			—			(52,309	)		(52,309	)		—		(52,309	)
Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures		467			6		—		—			—			—			6			—		6
Equity-based compensation expense related to employees		—			—		21,361		—			—			—			21,361			—		21,361
Balance as of March 31, 2023		120,244		$	4,569	$	4,181,820	$	(6,937,426	)	$	(53,734	)	$	6,390,912		$	3,586,141		$	43,420	$	3,629,561

	Ordinary Shares
	Shares			Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income (1)			Retained Earnings			Total Amdocs Limited Shareholders’ Equity			Non- controlling Interests (2)		Total Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2021		123,354		$	4,526	$	3,974,056	$	(6,394,221	)	$	9,807		$	5,940,129		$	3,534,297		$	42,509	$	3,576,806
Comprehensive income:
Net income (2)		—			—		—		—			—			158,497			158,497			—		158,497
Other comprehensive loss		—			—		—		—			(15,111	)		—			(15,111	)		—		(15,111	)
Comprehensive income																		143,386			—		143,386
Employee stock options exercised		774			10		44,698		—			—			—			44,708			—		44,708
Repurchase of shares		(1,667	)		—		—		(130,025	)		—			—			(130,025	)		—		(130,025	)
Cash dividends declared ($0.395 per ordinary share)		—			—		—		—			—			(48,527	)		(48,527	)		—		(48,527	)
Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures		379			6		—		—			—			—			6			—		6
Equity-based compensation expense related to employees		—			—		17,837		—			—			—			17,837			—		17,837
Balance as of March 31, 2022		122,840		$	4,542	$	4,036,591	$	(6,524,246	)	$	(5,304	)	$	6,050,099		$	3,561,682		$	42,509	$	3,604,191

____________

(1)

As of March 31, 2023 and 2022, accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income is comprised of unrealized (loss) gain on derivatives, net of tax, of $(33,383) and $12,086 unrealized loss on short-term interest-bearing investments, net of tax, of $(17,252) and $(14,229), and unrealized loss on defined benefit plan, net of tax, of $(3,099) and $(3,161), respectively.

(2)

During the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 all of the Company’s net income is attributable to Amdocs Limited as the net income attributable to the Non-controlling interests is negligible.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


	Ordinary Shares
	Shares			Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (1)			Retained Earnings			Total Amdocs Limited Shareholders’ Equity			Non- controlling interests		Total Equity
Balance as of September 30, 2022		120,842		$	4,548	$	4,105,900	$	(6,731,789	)	$	(72,476	)	$	6,211,586		$	3,517,769		$	42,509	$	3,560,278
Comprehensive income:	0			0		0		0			0			0						0
Net income (2)		—			—		—		—			—			279,270			279,270			911		280,181
Other comprehensive income		—			—		—		—			18,742			—			18,742			—		18,742
Comprehensive income		—			—		—		—			—			—			298,012			911		298,923
Employee stock options exercised		583			7		35,069		—			—			—			35,076			—		35,076
Repurchase of shares		(2,330	)		—		—		(205,637	)		—			—			(205,637	)		—		(205,637	)
Cash dividends declared ($0.830 per ordinary share)		—			—		—		—			—			(99,944	)		(99,944	)		—		(99,944	)
Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures		1,149			14		—		—			—			—			14			—		14
Equity-based compensation expense related to employees		—			—		40,851		—			—			—			40,851			—		40,851
Balance as of March 31, 2023		120,244		$	4,569	$	4,181,820	$	(6,937,426	)	$	(53,734	)	$	6,390,912		$	3,586,141		$	43,420	$	3,629,561

	Ordinary Shares
	Shares			Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income (1)			Retained Earnings			Total Amdocs Limited Shareholders’ Equity			Non- controlling interests (2)		Total Equity
Balance as of September 30, 2021		124,866		$	4,516	$	3,951,201	$	(6,223,317	)	$	9,338		$	5,850,937		$	3,592,675		$	42,509	$	3,635,184
Comprehensive income:
Net income (2)		—			—		—		—			—			292,099			292,099			—		292,099
Other comprehensive loss		—			—		—		—			(14,642	)		—			(14,642	)		—		(14,642	)
Comprehensive income																		277,457			—		277,457
Employee stock options exercised		900			11		50,812		—			—			—			50,823			—		50,823
Repurchase of shares		(3,981	)		—		—		(300,929	)		—			—			(300,929	)		—		(300,929	)
Cash dividends declared ($0.755 per ordinary share)		—			—		—		—			—			(92,937	)		(92,937	)		—		(92,937	)
Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures		1,055			15		—		—			—			—			15			—		15
Equity-based compensation expense related to employees		—			—		34,578		—			—			—			34,578			—		34,578
Balance as of March 31, 2022		122,840		$	4,542	$	4,036,591	$	(6,524,246	)	$	(5,304	)	$	6,050,099		$	3,561,682		$	42,509	$	3,604,191

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

AMDOCS LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(dollar amounts in thousands)


	Six months ended March 31,
	2023			2022
Cash Flow from Operating Activities:
Net income	$	280,181		$	292,099
Reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization and impairment		103,086			101,071
Amortization of debt issuance cost		287			279
Equity-based compensation expense		40,851			34,578
Gain from sale of a business		—			(10,000	)
Deferred income taxes		(27,357	)		(35,879	)
Loss from short-term interest-bearing investments		1,625			1,333
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of amounts acquired:
Accounts receivable, net		(53,485	)		(140,863	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(20,416	)		3,848
Other noncurrent assets		(245	)		3,042
Lease assets and liabilities, net		(3,928	)		(67	)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and accrued personnel		(38,602	)		(22,006	)
Deferred revenue		81,959			102,997
Income taxes payable, net		(11,245	)		27,378
Other noncurrent liabilities		24,991			15,164
Net cash provided by operating activities		377,702			372,974
Cash Flow from Investing Activities:
Purchase of property and equipment, net (1)		(68,822	)		(104,496	)
Proceeds from sale of short-term interest-bearing investments		10,360			13,142
Purchase of short-term interest-bearing investments		—			(34,275	)
Net cash paid for business acquisitions		—			(24,497	)
Net cash received from sale of a business		—			10,000
Other		(2,593	)		(2,958	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(61,055	)		(143,084	)
Cash Flow from Financing Activities:
Repurchase of shares		(205,637	)		(300,929	)
Proceeds from employee stock option exercises		34,840			50,550
Payments of dividends		(95,370	)		(89,366	)
Payment of contingent consideration from a business acquisition		(453	)		(6,153	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(266,620	)		(345,898	)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		50,027			(116,008	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		573,377			709,064
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	623,404		$	593,056
Supplementary Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for:
Income taxes, net of refunds (2)	$	77,426		$	38,314
Interest (3)		8,461			8,406

(1)

The amounts under "Purchase of property and equipment, net”, include proceeds from sale of property and equipment of $255 and $555 for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(2)

For Further details, see also Note 10.

(3)

The amounts under “Interest” include payments of interest to financial institution, tax authorities and other.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

AMDOCS LIMITED

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise disclosed)

Nature of Entity and Basis of Presentation

Amdocs Limited (the “Company”) is a leading provider of software and services to communications, cable and satellite, entertainment and media industry service providers of all sizes throughout the world. The Company and its consolidated subsidiaries operate in one segment and design, develop, market, support, implement and operate its open and modular cloud portfolio.

The Company is a Guernsey limited company, which directly or indirectly holds numerous subsidiaries around the world, the vast majority of which are wholly-owned. The majority of the Company’s customers are in North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and the Latin America region. The Company’s main development facilities are located in Brazil, Canada, Cyprus, India, Ireland, Israel, Mexico, the Philippines, the United Kingdom and the United States.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP and are denominated in U.S. dollars.

In the opinion of the Company’s management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been included herein and are of a normal recurring nature. The preparation of financial statements during interim periods requires management to make numerous estimates and assumptions that impact the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically and the effect of revisions is reflected in the results of operations for the interim periods in which changes are determined to be necessary.

The results of operations for the interim periods presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year. These statements do not include all information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with GAAP. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on December 13, 2022 with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies from its Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022.

Reclassification

From time to time, certain immaterial amounts in prior year financial statements may be reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

Recent Accounting Standards

In September 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standard Update, or ASU No. 2022-04, "Liabilities—Supplier Finance Programs (Subtopic 405-50): Disclosure of Supplier Finance Program Obligations." The ASU requires entities that use supplier finance programs to disclose sufficient information about the program’s nature, activity during the period, changes from period to period, and potential magnitude. This ASU will be effective for the Company on October 1, 2024, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2021, the FASB, issued ASU No. 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers.” The ASU requires companies to apply ASC 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers acquired in a business combination. This ASU will be effective for the Company on October 1, 2023 and early adoption is permitted.

In March 2020, the FASB, issued ASU No. 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform: Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.” The ASU provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions on certain contract modifications, hedge relationships and other transactions that reference London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or other reference rates expected to be discontinued due to the reference rate reform. This ASU is effective as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2024. The Company expects that the adoption of this ASU will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Divestiture of a Subsidiary

On November 10, 2020, the Company signed an agreement for the divestiture of OpenMarket for approximately $300,000 cash with Infobip Limited, a company in which One Equity Partners is the primary institutional investor. With this transaction, the Company divested a non-strategic asset in the mobile messaging domain, remaining laser-focused on its core strategic growth initiatives.

AMDOCS LIMITED

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise disclosed)

On December 31, 2020, the Company completed the divestiture. Based on the total consideration, the Company recorded a pre-tax gain of $226,410, (net of immaterial transaction costs) in the Consolidated Statements of Income during the six months ended March 31, 2021. In connection with this divestiture, $9,194 of net assets and $61,396 of goodwill, were disposed. During the six months ended March 31, 2022 the Company recorded an additional pre-tax gain of $10,000, in the Consolidated Statements of Income as a result of achievement of certain performance metrics and received such additional consideration during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The divestiture did not represent a strategic shift that will have a major effect on operations and financial results and, therefore, did not qualify for presentation as a discontinued operation, see also Note 10.

Revenue

Contract Balances

The following table provides information about accounts receivable, both billed and unbilled and deferred revenue:


	As of
	March 31, 2023			September 30, 2022
Accounts receivable - billed (net of allowances for credit losses of $21,229 and $16,627 as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively)	$	824,620		$	789,611
Accounts receivable – unbilled (current)	$	166,866		$	157,166
Accounts receivable – unbilled (non-current)	$	36,193		$	27,417
Total Accounts receivable - unbilled	$	203,059		$	184,583
Deferred revenue (current)	$	(351,671	)	$	(253,686	)
Deferred revenue (non-current)	$	(53,882	)	$	(69,907	)
Total Deferred revenue	$	(405,553	)	$	(323,593	)

Revenue recognized during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, which was included in deferred revenue (current) as of September 30, 2022 was $38,420 and $226,075, respectively. Revenue recognized during the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, which was included in deferred revenue (current) as of September 30, 2021 was $35,957 and $183,496, respectively.

As of March 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied was approximately $6.0 billion. Remaining performance obligations include the remaining non-cancelable, committed and fixed portion of these contracts for their entire duration and therefore it is not comparable to what the Company considers to be next 12 months backlog. Given the profile of contract terms, the majority of this amount is expected to be recognized as revenue over the next three years.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company considers information that is regularly reviewed by its chief operating decision makers in evaluating financial performance to disaggregate revenue.

The following tables provide details of revenue by nature of activities and by geography:

Revenue by nature of activities


	Three months ended March 31,				Six months ended March 31,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Managed services arrangements	$	718,904	$	663,359	$	1,418,730	$	1,323,047
Others		504,400		481,912		990,294		926,856
Total	$	1,223,304	$	1,145,271	$	2,409,024	$	2,249,903

Geographic Information


	Three months ended March 31,				Six months ended March 31,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
North America (mainly United States)	$	829,029	$	772,166	$	1,641,719	$	1,517,659
Europe		171,659		147,191		340,325		289,732
Rest of the world		222,616		225,914		426,980		442,512
Total	$	1,223,304	$	1,145,271	$	2,409,024	$	2,249,903

AMDOCS LIMITED

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise disclosed)

Fair Value Measurement

The Company accounts for certain assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

The hierarchy below lists three levels of fair value based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market. The Company categorizes each of its fair value measurements in one of these three levels based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2: Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets), or other inputs that are observable (model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable) or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data; and

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity that is significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The following tables present the Company's assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022:


	As of March 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3			Total
Available-for-sale securities:
Money market funds	$	405,807	$	—		$	—		$	405,807
Corporate bonds		—		158,831			—			158,831
U.S. government treasuries		41,313		—			—			41,313
Municipal bonds		—		16,453			—			16,453
Supranational and sovereign debt		—		12,760			—			12,760
Asset backed obligations		—		8,806			—			8,806
Total available-for-sale securities		447,120		196,850			—			643,970
Equity Investments		—		—			46,255			46,255
Derivative financial instruments, net		—		(42,518	)		—			(42,518	)
Other liabilities		—		—			(24,220	)		(24,220	)
Total	$	447,120	$	154,332		$	22,035		$	623,487


	As of September 30, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3			Total
Available-for-sale securities:
Money market funds	$	266,362	$	—		$	—		$	266,362
Corporate bonds		—		168,308			—			168,308
U.S. government treasuries		40,229		—			—			40,229
Municipal bonds		—		16,125			—			16,125
Supranational and sovereign debt		—		10,594			—			10,594
Asset backed obligations		—		9,347			—			9,347
Total available-for-sale securities		306,591		204,374			—			510,965
Equity Investments		—		—			46,015			46,015
Derivative financial instruments, net		—		(48,901	)		—			(48,901	)
Other liabilities		—		—			(23,390	)		(23,390	)
Total	$	306,591	$	155,473		$	22,625		$	484,689

Available-for-sale securities that are classified as Level 2 assets are priced using observable data that may include quoted market prices for similar instruments, market dealer quotes, market spreads, non-binding market prices that are corroborated by observable market data and other observable market information. The Company’s derivative instruments are classified as Level 2 as they represent foreign currency forward and option contracts valued primarily based on observable inputs including forward rates and yield curves.

AMDOCS LIMITED

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise disclosed)

The Company did not have any transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023. Level 3 liabilities relate to certain acquisition-related liabilities, which were generally valued using a Monte-Carlo simulation model and based on estimates of potential pay-out scenarios, valued every quarter. These liabilities were included in both accrued expenses and other current liabilities and other noncurrent liabilities as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022. The increase in Level 3 liabilities was immaterial and primarily due to changes in the fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of income during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023. Level 3 assets relate to equity investments, which were valued based on price changes in orderly transactions for similar private investments of the same issuer.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, accrued personnel costs approximate their fair value because of the relatively short maturity of these items, for the fair value of the Senior Notes, see Note 13.

Available-For-Sale Securities

Available-for-sale securities consist of the following interest-bearing investments:


	As of March 31, 2023
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Money market funds	$	405,807	$	—	$	—	$	405,807
Corporate bonds		169,966		—		11,135		158,831
U.S. government treasuries		44,719		—		3,406		41,313
Municipal bonds		17,646		—		1,193		16,453
Supranational and sovereign debt		13,887		—		1,127		12,760
Asset backed obligations		9,197		—		391		8,806
Total(1)	$	661,222	$	—	$	17,252	$	643,970

(1)

Available-for-sale securities with maturities longer than 90 days from the date of acquisition were classified as short-term interest-bearing investments and available-for-sale securities with maturities of 90 days or less from the date of acquisition were included in cash and cash equivalents on the Company’s balance sheet. As of March 31, 2023, $238,163 of securities were classified as short-term interest-bearing investments and $405,807 of securities were classified as cash and cash equivalents.


	As of September 30, 2022
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Money market funds	$	266,362	$	—	$	—	$	266,362
Corporate bonds		183,266		—		14,958		168,308
U.S. government treasuries		44,658		—		4,429		40,229
Municipal bonds		17,759		—		1,634		16,125
Supranational and sovereign debt		11,882		—		1,288		10,594
Asset backed obligations		9,835		—		488		9,347
Total(1)	$	533,762	$	—	$	22,797	$	510,965

(1)

Available-for-sale securities with maturities longer than 90 days from the date of acquisition were classified as short-term interest- bearing investments and available-for-sale securities with maturities of 90 days or less from the date of acquisition were included in cash and cash equivalents on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2022, $244,603 of securities were classified as short-term interest-bearing investments and $266,362 of securities were classified as cash and cash equivalents.

As of March 31, 2023, the unrealized losses attributable to the Company’s available-for-sale securities were primarily due to credit spreads and interest rate movements. The majority of the securities that have unrealized losses as of March 31, 2023 also had unrealized losses as of March 31, 2022. The Company assessed whether such unrealized losses for the investments in its portfolio were caused by expected credit losses. Based on this assessment, the Company did not recognize any credit losses in the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Realized gains and losses on short-term interest-bearing investments are included in earnings and are determined based on specific identification method.

AMDOCS LIMITED

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise disclosed)

As of March 31, 2023, the Company’s available-for-sale securities had the following maturity dates:


	Market Value
Due within one year	$	441,102
1 to 2 years		66,303
2 to 3 years		98,382
3 to 4 years		38,183
Thereafter		—
	$	643,970

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company’s risk management strategy includes the use of derivative financial instruments to reduce the volatility of earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company does not enter into derivative transactions for trading purposes.

The Company’s derivatives expose it to credit risks from possible non-performance by counterparties. The Company utilizes standard counterparty master netting agreements that net certain foreign currency transactions in the event of the insolvency of one of the parties to the transaction. These master netting arrangements permit the Company to net amounts due from the Company to a counterparty with amounts due to the Company from the same counterparty. Although all of the Company’s recognized derivative assets and liabilities are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements, the Company has elected to present these assets and liabilities on a gross basis. Taking into account the Company’s right to net certain gains with losses, as of March 31, 2023, there is no loss due to credit risk that the Company would incur if all counterparties to the derivative financial instruments failed completely to perform, according to the terms of the contracts, based on the gross fair value of the Company’s derivative contracts that are favorable to the Company. The Company has limited its credit risk by entering into derivative transactions exclusively with investment-grade rated financial institutions and monitors the creditworthiness of these financial institutions on an ongoing basis.

The Company classifies cash flows from its derivative transactions as cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

The table below presents the total volume or notional amounts of the Company’s derivative instruments as of March 31, 2023. Notional values are in U.S. dollars and are translated and calculated based on forward rates as of March 31, 2023 for forward contracts.


	Notional Value*
Foreign exchange contracts	$	1,773,995

* Gross notional amounts do not quantify risk or represent assets or liabilities of the Company but are used in the calculation of settlements under the contracts.

The Company records all derivative instruments on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. For further information, please see Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements. The fair value of the open foreign exchange contracts recorded as an asset or a liability by the Company on its consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, is as follows:


	As of
	March 31, 2023			September 30, 2022
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	395		$	1,226
Other noncurrent assets		553			—
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(27,688	)		(35,659	)
Other noncurrent liabilities		(9,422	)		(16,413	)
		(36,162	)		(50,846	)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		2,464			10,808
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(8,820	)		(8,863	)
		(6,356	)		1,945
Net fair value	$	(42,518	)	$	(48,901	)

Cash Flow Hedges

AMDOCS LIMITED

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise disclosed)

In order to reduce the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on its results, the Company enters into foreign currency exchange forward and option contracts to purchase and sell foreign currencies to hedge a significant portion of its foreign currency net exposure resulting from revenue and expense transactions denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Company designates these contracts for accounting purposes as cash flow hedges. The Company currently hedges its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for a maximum period of approximately three years. A significant portion of the forward and option contracts outstanding as of March 31, 2023 is scheduled to mature within the next 12 months.

The effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instruments is initially recorded as a component of other comprehensive income (loss), a separate component of equity, and subsequently reclassified into earnings in the same line item as the related forecasted transaction and in the same period or periods during which the hedged exposure affects earnings. The cash flow hedges are evaluated for effectiveness quarterly. As the critical terms of the forward contract or option and the hedged transaction are matched at inception, the hedge effectiveness is assessed generally based on changes in the fair value for cash flow hedges, as compared to the changes in the fair value of the cash flows associated with the underlying hedged transactions. Hedge ineffectiveness, if any, is recognized immediately in interest and other expense, net.

The effect of the Company's cash flow hedging instruments in the consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which partially offsets the foreign currency impact from the underlying exposures, is summarized as follows:


	(Losses) Gains Reclassified from
	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Effective Portion)
	Three months ended March 31,						Six months ended March 31,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Line item in consolidated statements of income:
Revenue	$	125		$	120		$	941		$	156
Cost of revenue		(7,841	)		(375	)		(15,053	)		861
Research and development		(2,247	)		(365	)		(4,254	)		(190	)
Selling, general and administrative		(2,331	)		(544	)		(4,296	)		(539	)
Total	$	(12,294	)	$	(1,164	)	$	(22,662	)	$	288

The activity related to the changes in net unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, is as follows:


	Six months ended March 31,
	2023			2022

Net unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, net of tax, beginning of period	$	(46,580	)	$	13,773
Changes in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of tax		(8,242	)		(1,213	)
Reclassification of net losses (gains) into earnings, net of tax		21,439			(474	)
Net unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, net of tax, end of period	$	(33,383	)	$	12,086

Net losses from cash flow hedges recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) were $9,179 and $1,238, or $8,242 and $1,213 net of taxes, during the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Of the net unrealized losses related to derivatives designated as cash flow hedges and recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2023, a net loss of $25,850 will be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months and will partially offset the foreign currency impact from the underlying exposures. The amount ultimately realized in earnings will likely differ due to future changes in foreign exchange rates.

The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of a cash flow hedge, including the time value portion excluded from effectiveness testing for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, was not material.

Cash flow hedges are required to be discontinued in the event it becomes probable that the underlying forecasted hedged transaction will not occur. The Company did not discontinue any cash flow hedges during any of the periods presented nor does the Company anticipate any such discontinuance in the normal course of business.

Other Risk Management Derivatives

The Company also enters into foreign currency exchange forward and option contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments under hedge accounting and are used to reduce the impact of foreign currency on certain balance sheet exposures and certain revenue and expense transactions.

AMDOCS LIMITED

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise disclosed)

These instruments are generally short-term in nature, with typical maturities of less than 12 months, and are subject to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates.

The effect of the Company's derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments in the consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which partially offsets the foreign currency impact from the underlying exposure, is summarized as follows:


	Losses Recognized in Income
	Three months ended March 31,						Six months ended March 31,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Line item in consolidated statements of income:
Cost of revenue	$	255		$	(1,818	)	$	1,488		$	13
Research and development		(116	)		(577	)		57			(23	)
Selling, general and administrative		(118	)		(717	)		142			(105	)
Interest and other expense, net		(6,352	)		(9,127	)		(17,760	)		(4,875	)
Income taxes		(448	)		365			(652	)		(124	)
Total	$	(6,779	)	$	(11,874	)	$	(16,725	)	$	(5,114	)

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:


	As of
	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Ongoing accrued expenses	$	186,864	$	208,230
Project-related provisions		62,300		88,174
Dividends payable		52,309		47,735
Taxes payable		60,723		34,204
Derivative instruments		36,508		44,522
Other		188,810		189,791
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	587,514	$	612,656

Restructuring charges

As of December 31, 2022, the Company approved a restructuring, primarily associated with alignment of the Company’s workforce around its global site strategy, as well as the optimization of the Company’s hybrid work model. During the six months ended March 31, 2023 the Company incurred restructuring charges of $24,536 in connection with this restructuring, the majority of these charges are expected to be paid during fiscal year 2023.

10.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

The provision (benefit) for income tax expense (benefit) for the following periods consisted of:


	Three months ended March 31,						Six months ended March 31,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Current	$	39,414		$	36,558		$	71,626		$	66,396
Deferred		(10,384	)		(40,023	)		(27,357	)		(35,879	)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	29,030		$	(3,465	)	$	44,269		$	30,517

The Company's effective income tax rate varied from the statutory Guernsey tax rate as follows for the following periods:


	Three months ended March 31,						Six months ended March 31,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Statutory Guernsey tax rate		0	%		0	%		0	%		0	%
Foreign taxes (1)		16.2			(2.2	)		13.6			9.5
Effective income tax rate		16.2	%		(2.2	)%		13.6	%		9.5	%

AMDOCS LIMITED

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise disclosed)

As a Guernsey company subject to a corporate tax rate of zero percent, the Company's overall effective tax rate is attributable to foreign taxes. The change in rate is primarily driven by discrete items in the respective period presented as outlined below.

(1)

Foreign taxes for the six months ended March 31, 2023:

Foreign taxes in the six months ended March 31, 2023 included a recognition of tax benefit of $8,566 resulting from internal structural changes in certain jurisdictions in which the Company operates.

Foreign taxes in the six months ended March 31, 2023 also included a benefit of $29,681 relating to release of gross unrecognized tax benefits due to settlements of tax audits and expiration of the periods set forth in statutes of limitations in certain jurisdictions. The majority of the release was offset by an increase in tax liabilities and, as a result, a net benefit of $5,268 was included within income tax expense for the six months ended March 31, 2023.

Foreign taxes in the six months ended March 31, 2023 also included a benefit of $9,236 due to a change in measurement of a deferred tax liability following a regulatory clarification.

Foreign taxes in the six months ended March 31, 2023 also included a benefit of $3,142 relating to changes in tax regulations in certain jurisdictions.

As previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for fiscal year 2022, our primary Israeli subsidiary has elected, during fiscal year 2022, to pay the reduced corporate tax on all of its “previously exempt earnings” based on a temporary order of the Israeli budget law. Following this election, payment of this tax, was made during the six months ended March 31, 2023. The impact of this election on income taxes was already reflected in prior periods

(1)

Foreign taxes for the six months ended March 31, 2022:

During the six months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded a tax benefit of $37,000 related to the release of accrued withholding taxes on unremitted earnings accumulated in Israel. The release of the accrued withholding taxes followed the Company’s funding decisions relating to the construction of its new Israeli campus; such funding decision has also taken into consideration the recent changes in Israeli law and the recent application of the Preferred Technological Enterprise regime to the company’s main Israeli operating subsidiary.

Foreign taxes in the six months ended March 31, 2022 also included a benefit of $4,578 relating to changes in tax regulations in a certain jurisdiction, an expense of $3,193 for the estimated additional tax charge as a result of the gain from sale of a business, (see also Note 3) and a benefit of $3,263 relating to release of gross unrecognized tax benefits due to settlements of tax audits and expiration of the periods set forth in statutes of limitations in certain jurisdictions.

As of March 31, 2023, deferred tax assets of $59,170, derived primarily from tax credits, net capital and operating loss carry forwards related to some of the Company's subsidiaries, were offset by valuation allowances due to the uncertainty of realizing tax benefit for such credits and losses.

The total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits, which includes interest and penalties, was $188,197 as of March 31, 2023, all of which would affect the effective tax rate if realized.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had accrued $33,768 in income taxes payable for interest and penalties relating to unrecognized tax benefits.

The Company is currently under tax audit in several jurisdictions for the tax years 2007 and onwards. Timing of the resolution of audits is highly uncertain and therefore, as of March 31, 2023, the Company cannot estimate the change in unrecognized tax benefits resulting from these audits within the next 12 months.

11.

Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

AMDOCS LIMITED

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise disclosed)


	Three months ended March 31,						Six months ended March 31,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Numerator:
Net income attributable to Amdocs Limited	$	149,603		$	158,497		$	279,270		$	292,099
Net income attributable to Amdocs Limited and dividends attributable to participating restricted stock		(2,574	)		(2,334	)		(4,568	)		(4,044	)
Numerator for basic earnings per common share	$	147,029		$	156,163		$	274,702		$	288,055
Undistributed income allocated to participating restricted stock		1,672			1,619			2,931			2,750
Undistributed income reallocated to participating restricted stock		(1,660	)		(1,608	)		(2,911	)		(2,732	)
Numerator for diluted earnings per common share	$	147,041		$	156,174		$	274,722		$	288,073
Denominator:
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic		120,516			122,977			120,585			123,748
Weighted average number of participating restricted stock		(2,073	)		(1,811	)		(1,973	)		(1,713	)
Weighted average number of common shares - basic	$	118,443			121,166		$	118,612			122,035
Effect of dilutive stock options and restricted stock units granted		843			844			845			823
Weighted average number of common shares - diluted		119,286			122,010			119,457			122,858
Basic earnings per common share attributable to Amdocs Limited	$	1.24		$	1.29		$	2.32		$	2.36
Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Amdocs Limited	$	1.23		$	1.28		$	2.30		$	2.34

For the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, 175 and 93 shares, respectively, on a weighted average basis, were attributable to antidilutive outstanding stock options and restricted stock units. For the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, 134 and 80 shares, respectively, on a weighted average basis, were attributable to antidilutive outstanding stock options and restricted stock units. Shares attributable to antidilutive outstanding stock options and restricted stock units were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share.

12.

Repurchase of Shares

From time to time, the Company’s Board of Directors can adopt share repurchase plans authorizing the repurchase of the Company’s outstanding ordinary shares. On May 12, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted a share repurchase plan for the repurchase of up to $1.0 billion of the Company’s outstanding ordinary shares with no expiration date. The May 2021 plan permits the Company to purchase our ordinary shares in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions at times and prices that the Company considers appropriate. In the six months ended March 31, 2023, the Company repurchased 2,330 ordinary shares at an average price of $88.23 per share (excluding broker and transaction fees). As of March 31, 2023, the Company had remaining authority to repurchase up to $284,507 of its outstanding ordinary shares under the May 2021 plan.

13.

Financing Arrangements

In December 2011, the Company entered into an unsecured $500,000 five-year revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). In December 2014, December 2017 and March 2021, the Revolving Credit Facility was amended and restated to, among other things, extend the maturity date of the facility to December 2019, December 2022 and March 2026, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants and had no outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility.

In June 2020, the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of $650,000 in Senior Notes that will mature in June 2030 and bear interest at a fixed rate of 2.538 percent per annum (the “Senior Notes”). The interest is payable semi-annually in June and December of each year, commencing in December 2020. The Company incurred issuance costs of $6,121 in relation with the Senior Notes, which are being amortized to interest expenses over the term of the Senior Notes using the effective interest rate. The Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company and rank equally in right of payment with all existing and future senior indebtedness of the Company, including any indebtedness the Company may incur from time to time under the Revolving Credit Facility.

The total interest expense recognized in connection with the Senior Notes for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 was $4,199 and $8,508, respectively. The accrued interest on the Senior Notes is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and was $4,778 as of March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2023, the noncurrent outstanding principal portion was $650,000.

AMDOCS LIMITED

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise disclosed)

The total estimated fair value of the Senior Notes as of March 31, 2023 was $548,880. The fair value was determined based on observable data, such as quoted prices for similar liabilities in active markets of Senior Notes as of March 31, 2023 and is deemed a Level 2 liability within the fair value measurement framework.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had additional uncommitted lines of credit available for general corporate and other specific purposes and had outstanding letters of credit and bank guarantees from various banks totaling $69,749. These were supported by a combination of the uncommitted lines of credit that the Company maintains with various banks.

14.

Equity-based Compensation

In January 1998, the Company adopted the 1998 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, or Equity Incentive Plan, which provides for the grant of restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and stock options and other equity-based awards to employees, officers, directors, and consultants. Since its adoption, the Equity Incentive Plan has been amended on several occasions to, among other things, increase the number of ordinary shares issuable under the Equity Incentive Plan. In January 2020, the maximum number of ordinary shares authorized to be granted under the Equity Incentive Plan was increased from 67,550 to 70,550. Awards granted under the Equity Incentive Plan generally vest over a period of three to four years subject to service based conditions or a combination of service and performance-based conditions and stock options have a term of ten years. Also, in accordance with the Equity Incentive Plan, options were issued at or above the market price at the time of the grant.

On November 8, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted, subject to shareholder approval, the Amdocs Limited 2023 Employee Share Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). The ESPP was subsequently approved by our shareholders at the annual general meeting of shareholders. The approved number of shares that may be issued under the ESPP will not exceed in the aggregate 2,400 ordinary shares. Under its terms, the ESPP becomes effective upon the filing of a Form S-8 Registration Statement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. On February 13, 2023, the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-8 registering the offer and sale of 2,400 shares issuable under the ESPP.

Under the ESPP, eligible employees will have the right to purchase ordinary shares at the end of each purchase period based on their accumulated payroll deductions during the purchase period of a specified percentage of eligible compensation up to 10% (subject to a limitation to accrue the right to purchase ordinary shares up to twenty-five thousand dollars in any calendar year). Unless determined otherwise, each purchase period will be six months in duration, and the purchase price per ordinary share will equal the lesser of 85% of the fair market value of our ordinary shares at either the beginning of the purchase period or the end of the purchase period. The Company expects the first purchase period under the ESPP to commence during the second half of fiscal year 2023.

During the six months ended March 31, 2023, the Company granted 1,073 restricted stock and 291 restricted stock units. The weighted average fair values associated with these grants were $82.98 per restricted stock and $87.39 per restricted stock unit.

Equity-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units, are recognized in the statements of income based on their fair values.

Employee equity-based compensation pre-tax expense for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was as follows:


	Three months ended March 31,				Six months ended March 31,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Cost of revenue	$	10,061	$	8,070	$	18,716	$	15,217
Research and development		1,703		1,375		3,187		2,598
Selling, general and administrative		9,597		8,392		18,948		16,763
Total	$	21,361	$	17,837	$	40,851	$	34,578

The Company recognizes compensation costs for its equity incentive grants using the graded vesting attribution method. As of March 31, 2023, there was $119,381 of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options, unvested restricted stock and unvested restricted stock units which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately one to two years, based on the vesting periods of the grants.

15.

Dividends

The Company’s Board of Directors declared the following dividends during the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

AMDOCS LIMITED

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data or as otherwise disclosed)


Declaration Date	Dividends Per Ordinary Share		Record Date	Total Amount		Payment Date
January 31, 2023	$	0.435	March 31, 2023	$	52,309	April 28, 2023
November 8, 2022	$	0.395	December 30, 2022	$	47,635	January 27, 2023
February 1, 2022	$	0.395	March 31, 2022	$	48,527	April 29, 2022
November 2, 2021	$	0.36	December 31, 2021	$	44,410	January 28, 2022

The amounts payable as a result of the January 31, 2023 and February 1, 2022 declarations were included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

On May 10, 2023 the Company’s Board of Directors approved the next quarterly dividend payment and set June 30, 2023 as the record date for determining the shareholders entitled to receive the dividend, which is payable on July 28, 2023.

16.

Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

The Company is involved in various legal claims and proceedings arising in the normal course of its business. The Company accrues for a loss contingency when it determines that it is probable, after consultation with counsel, that a liability has been incurred and the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated. At this time, the Company believes that the results of any such contingencies, either individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Certain of the Company’s subsidiaries are currently in a dispute with a state-owned telecom enterprise in Ecuador, which appears to have political aspects. The Company’s counterparty has claimed monetary damages. The dispute is over contracts, under which the Company was providing certain services, which have been terminated by the counterparty in connection with such dispute and which are under scrutiny by certain local governmental authorities. The Company believes it has solid arguments and is vigorously defending its rights. The Company has achieved positive results in the majority of the procedures and, as of the date of this Report, the Company’s exposure to the remaining procedures is limited.

17. Subsequent Event

On May 10, 2023, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the service assurance business of TEOCO for approximately $90,000 in cash, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions to closing, additional consideration may be paid later based on achievement of certain performance metrics.

Item 2. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

Forward Looking Statements

This section contains forward-looking statements (within the meaning of the United States federal securities laws) that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. You can identify these forward-looking statements by words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “seek,” “estimate,” “project,” “forecast,” “continue,” “potential,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “intend” and “may,” and other words that convey uncertainty of future events or outcome. Statements that we make in this document that are not statements of historical fact also may be forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations that we describe in our forward-looking statements. There may be events in the future that we are not accurately able to predict, or over which we have no control. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Although we may elect to update forward-looking statements in the future, we disclaim any obligation to do so, even if our assumptions and projections change, except where applicable law may otherwise require us to do so. Readers should not rely on those forward-looking statements as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this report.

Important factors that may affect these projections or expectations include, but are not limited to: the effects of macro-economic conditions, prevailing level of macro-economic, business, and operational uncertainty, including as a result of geopolitical events or other global or regional events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the current inflationary environment, and the effects of these conditions on the Company’s customers’ businesses and levels of business activity; our ability to grow in the business markets that we serve; our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses; adverse effects of market competition; rapid technological shifts that may render our products and services obsolete; potential loss of a major customer; our ability to develop long-term relationships with our customers; and risks associated with operating businesses in the international market. For a discussion of these and other important factors and other risks, please read the information set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for fiscal year 2022, filed on December 13, 2022 with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

Overview of Business and Trend Information

Amdocs is a leading provider of software and services for approximately 400 communications, Pay TV, entertainment and media industry and other service providers in developed countries and emerging markets. Amdocs also holds relationships with hundreds of content owners and distributors around the globe. Our software and services, which we develop, implement and manage, are designed to meet the business imperatives of our customers, create value for society and make our increasingly connected world more empowering by unlocking our customers’ innovative potential and enabling them to transform their boldest ideas into reality in order to provide high quality experiences. Our offerings enable service providers to efficiently and cost-effectively engage their customers, introduce new products and services, automate service and network operations, monetize connectivity and content, support new business models and generally enhance their understanding of their customers.

We believe the demand for our solutions is driven by our customers’ continued migration to the cloud, deployment of 5G networks and transformation into digital service providers to provide wireless access services, content and applications (apps) on any device through digital and non-digital channels. Regardless of whether service providers are bringing their first offerings to market, scaling for growth, consolidating systems or transforming the way they do business, we believe that they seek to differentiate themselves by delivering a customer experience that is simple, personal, contextual and valuable at every point of engagement and across all channels.

Our offerings, grouped by technology capabilities such as commerce and care, catalog management, monetization, subscription management, IoT, AI, service and network automation and network deployment and optimization, are designed to meet the challenges facing our customers as they roll out 5G networks, migrate to the cloud and transform into digital service providers within the framework of a hybrid IT environment, which requires them to rapidly introduce new cloud-native applications while still operating legacy systems. Our software is designed to enable modular expansion as a service provider evolves, and its microservices-based architecture enables the rapid deployment of complex applications as suites of independently deployable services that can be frequently upgraded via DevSecOps. Our comprehensive line of services is designed to address every stage of a service provider’s lifecycle. They include consulting, delivery, quality engineering (testing), systems integration, IT operations, mobile network services, experience design and content services. Our managed services provide multi-year, flexible and tailored IT business processes and applications management services, including application development, modernization and maintenance, IT and infrastructure services, testing and professional services that are designed to assist customers in the selection, implementation, operation, management and maintenance of their IT systems.

We conduct our business globally, and as a result we are subject to the effects of global economic conditions and, in particular, market conditions in the communications and media industry. In the six months ended March 31, 2023, customers in North America accounted for 68.2% of our revenue, while customers in Europe and the rest of the world accounted for 14.1% and 17.7%, respectively. We maintain and support development facilities in Brazil, Canada, Cyprus, India, Ireland, Israel, Mexico, the Philippines, the UK and the United States.

We derive our revenue principally from:

•

the initial sales of licenses to use our products and related services, including modification, implementation, integration and customization services,

•

providing managed services in our domain expertise and other related services, and

•

recurring revenue from ongoing support, maintenance and enhancements provided to our customers, and from incremental license fees resulting from increases in a customer’s business volume.

Our results of operations are affected by general economic conditions, including macro-economic conditions, and the level of economic activity in the industries and markets that we serve. In addition, the prevailing level of macro-economic, business, and operational uncertainty, as well as the current inflationary environment and foreign exchange rates fluctuation, may continue to present challenges in future periods. Although we try to mitigate the foreign currency exchange rates impact on our results through our hedging policy, we cannot assure that we will be able to effectively limit all of our exposure.

Revenue Recognition, we recognize revenue under the five-step methodology required under ASC 606, which requires us to identify the contract with the customer, identify the performance obligations in the contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations identified, and recognize revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied.

As a significant portion of our revenue is satisfied over time as work progresses, the annual and quarterly operating results may be affected by the size and timing of the initiation of customer projects as well as our progress in completing such projects.

For our primary revenue categories, related performance obligations, and associated recognition patterns please see Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue generated in connection with managed services arrangements is a significant part of our business, generating substantial, long-term recurring revenue streams and cash flow. Managed services arrangements include management of data center operations and IT infrastructure, application management and ongoing support, management of end-to-end business processes, and managed transformation that includes both a transformation project as well as taking over managed services responsibility. Revenue from managed services arrangements accounted for approximately $718.9 million and $663.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1.42 billion and $1.32 billion in the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Managed services engagements can be less profitable in their early stages; however, margins tend to improve over time, and this improvement is seen more rapidly in the initial period of an engagement, as we derive benefit from the operational efficiencies and from changes in the geographical mix of our resources.

Recent Accounting Standards

Please see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Certain items in our consolidated statements of income are reflected as a percentage of revenue (figures may not sum because of rounding):


	Three months ended March 31,						Six months ended March 31,
	2023			2022			2023			2022

Revenue		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue		65.0			64.7			64.4			64.8
Research and development		7.3			7.6			7.7			7.5
Selling, general and administrative		11.7			11.8			11.9			11.7
Amortization of purchased intangible assets and other		1.1			1.6			1.2			1.6
Restructuring charges		—			—			1.0			—
		85.1			85.7			86.2			85.6
Operating income		14.9			14.3			13.8			14.4
Interest and other expense, net		(0.2	)		(0.8	)		(0.3	)		(0.5	)
Gain from sale of a business		—			—			—			0.4
Income before income taxes		14.7			13.5			13.5			14.3
Income tax expense (benefit)		2.4			(0.3	)		1.8			1.4
Net income		12.3	%		13.8	%		11.6	%		13.0	%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		0.1			0.0			0.0			0.0
Net income attributable to Amdocs Limited		12.2	%		13.8	%		11.6	%		13.0	%

Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

The following is a tabular presentation of our results of operations for the six months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the six months ended March 31, 2022. Following the table is a discussion and analysis of our business and results of operations for such periods.


	Six months ended March 31,						Increase (Decrease)
	2023			2022			Amount			%
	(in thousands)
Revenue (1)	$	2,409,024		$	2,249,903		$	159,121			7.1	%
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue		1,552,334			1,457,975			94,359			6.5
Research and development		185,000			169,009			15,991			9.5
Selling, general and administrative		286,550			263,058			23,492			8.9
Amortization of purchased intangible assets and other		28,253			36,064			(7,811	)		(21.7	)
Restructuring charges		24,536			—			24,536			100.0
		2,076,673			1,926,106			150,567			7.8
Operating income		332,351			323,797			8,554			2.6
Interest and other expense, net		(7,901	)		(11,181	)		3,280			(29.3	)
Gain from sale of a business		—			10,000			(10,000	)		(100.0	)
Income before income taxes		324,450			322,616			1,834			0.6
Income tax expense		44,269			30,517			13,752			45.1
Net income	$	280,181		$	292,099		$	(11,918	)		(4.1	)%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		911			—			911			100.0	%
Net income attributable to Amdocs Limited	$	279,270		$	292,099		$	(12,829	)		(4.4	)%


(1) Geographic Information:
	Six months ended March 31,				Increase (Decrease)
	2023		2022		Amount			%
	(In thousands)
North America (mainly United States)	$	1,641,719	$	1,517,659	$	124,060			8.2	%
Europe		340,325		289,732		50,593			17.5
Rest of the world		426,980		442,512		(15,532	)		(3.5	)
Total	$	2,409,024	$	2,249,903	$	159,121			7.1	%

Revenue. Revenue increased by $159.1 million, or 7.1%, to $2,409.0 million in the six months ended March 31, 2023, from $2,249.9 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in revenue was attributable primarily to an increase in managed services arrangements and transformation activities in North America reflecting strong business activity building next-generation platforms for our customers, as well as strong business momentum in Europe, and was partially offset by negative impact from foreign exchange fluctuations. Revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2023 increased by 8.8% compared to the six months ended March 31, 2022, excluding approximately 1.7% negative foreign fluctuations impact, primarily in Europe.

In the six months ended March 31, 2023, revenue from customers in North America, Europe and the rest of the world accounted for 68.2%, 14.1% and 17.7%, respectively, of total revenue, compared to 67.4%, 12.9% and 19.7%, respectively, in the six months ended March 31, 2022.

The increase in revenue from customers in North America was primarily attributable to higher revenue from managed services arrangements and transformation activities from key customers in North America.

Revenue from customers in Europe increased during the six months ended March 31, 2023, despite the negative impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, as a result of an increase in transformation project activities, as we expand our presence in this region.

Revenue from customers in the rest of the world decreased in the six months ended March 31, 2023, mainly due to transition between transformation projects that naturally ramp down to new awarded projects that we expect will gradually ramp up in the second half of fiscal year 2023, as well as negative foreign exchange fluctuations.

Cost of Revenue. Cost of revenue consists primarily of costs associated with providing services to customers, including compensation expense and costs of third-party products, as well as fee and royalty payments to software suppliers. Cost of revenue increased by $94.4 million, or 6.5%, to $1,552.3 million in the six months ended March 31, 2023, from $1,458.0 million in the six

months ended March 31, 2022. The Cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue, decreased to 64.4% in the six months ended March 31, 2023, from 64.8% in the six months ended March 31, 2022. Our Cost of revenue was also positively impacted by foreign exchange fluctuations.

Research and Development. Research and development expense is primarily comprised of compensation expense. Research and development expense increased by $16.0 million, or 9.5%, to $185.0 million in the six months ended March 31, 2023, from $169.0 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022. Research and development expense increased as a percentage of revenue from 7.5% in the six months ended March 31, 2022, to 7.7% in the six months ended March 31, 2023, as we continue to invest in our cloud offerings, 5G and network related innovation and further developing our digital offerings. Our research and development efforts are a key element of our strategy and are essential to our success, and we intend to maintain our commitment to research and development. However, increase or decrease in our revenue would not necessarily result in a proportional increase or decrease in the levels of our research and development expenditures, which could affect our operating margin.

Selling, General and Administrative. Selling, general and administrative expense, which is primarily comprised of compensation expense, increased by $23.5 million, or 8.9%, to $286.6 million in the six months ended March 31, 2023, from $263.1 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022. Selling, general and administrative expense increased as a percentage of revenue from 11.7% in the six months ended March 31, 2022, to 11.9% in the six months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of revenue was primarily attributable to changes in account receivable allowances. Selling, general and administrative expense may fluctuate from time to time, depending upon such factors as changes in our workforce and sales efforts and the results of any operational efficiency programs that we may undertake.

Amortization of Purchased Intangible Assets and Other. Amortization of purchased intangible assets and other in the six months ended March 31, 2023, decreased by $7.8 million, or 21.7% to $28.3 million from $36.1 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in amortization of purchased intangible assets and other was primarily attributable to a completion of amortization of previously purchased intangible assets.

Restructuring Charges. Restructuring charges for the six months ended March 31, 2023 were $24.5 million, with no such charges in the six months ended March 31, 2022. The restructuring charges were primarily associated with alignment of our workforce around the global site strategy, as well as the optimization of our hybrid work model. Please see Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements

Operating Income. Operating income increased by $8.6 million, or 2.6%, in the six months ended March 31, 2023, to $332.4 million, from $323.8 million, in the six months ended March 31, 2022. Operating income decreased as a percentage of revenue from 14.4% in the six months ended March 31, 2022, to 13.8% in the six months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in operating income as a percentage of revenue was attributable primarily to restructuring charges recorded in the six months ended March 31, 2023, which was partially offset by positive foreign exchange impacts.

Interest and Other Expense, Net. Interest and other expense, net, changed from a net expense of $11.2 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022 to a net expense of $7.9 million in the six months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in interest and other expense, net, was primarily attributable to an increase in interest income primarily due to higher interest rates, partially offset by changes of minority equity investments measured at fair value recorded in the six months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the six months ended March 31,2022.

Gain from sale of a business. There was no gain from sale of a business in the six months ended March 31, 2023, while there was $10.0 million of such gain in the six months ended March 31, 2022. Please see Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements.

Income Tax expense. Income tax expense for the six months ended March 31, 2023 were $44.3 million on pre-tax income of $324.5 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 13.6%, compared to 9.5% in the six months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to a tax benefit recorded during the six months ended March 31, 2022. Please see also Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements. Our effective tax rate may fluctuate between periods as a result of discrete items that may affect a particular period.

Net income attributable to Amdocs Limited. Net income decreased by $12.8 million, or 4.4%, to $279.3 million in the six months ended March 31, 2023, from $292.1 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in net income is primarily attributable to (i) restructuring charges recorded in the six months ended March 31, 2023, while there was no such charges in the six months ended March 31, 2022, (ii) gain from sale of a business recorded in the six months ended March 31, 2022, which did not recur in the six months ended March 31, 2023, and (iii) increase in income taxes in the six months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the six months ended March 31, 2022.

Diluted Earnings Per Share. Diluted earnings per share decreased by $0.04, or 1.7%, to $2.30 in the six months ended March 31, 2023, from $2.34 in the six months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in diluted earnings per share was attributable to a decrease in net income, partially offset by a decrease in the diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding, which resulted from share repurchases. Please see also Note 11 to our consolidated financial statements.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

The following is a tabular presentation of our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. Following the table is a discussion and analysis of our business and results of operations for such periods.


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (Decrease)
	2023			2022			Amount			%
	(in thousands)
Revenue (1)	$	1,223,304		$	1,145,271		$	78,033			6.8	%
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue		795,485			741,257			54,228			7.3
Research and development		89,274			87,064			2,210			2.5
Selling, general and administrative		143,328			134,982			8,346			6.2
Amortization of purchased intangible assets and other		12,940			18,317			(5,377	)		(29.4	)
		1,041,027			981,620			59,407			6.1
Operating income		182,277			163,651			18,626			11.4
Interest and other expense, net		(2,938	)		(8,619	)		5,681			(65.9	)
Income before income taxes		179,339			155,032			24,307			15.7
Income tax expense (benefit)		29,030			(3,465	)		32,495			937.8
Net income	$	150,309		$	158,497		$	(8,188	)		(5.2	)%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		706			—			706			100	%
Net income attributable to Amdocs Limited	$	149,603		$	158,497		$	(8,894	)		(5.6	)%


(1) Geographic Information:
	Three months ended March 31,				Increase (Decrease)
	2023		2022		Amount			%
	(In thousands)
North America (mainly United States)	$	829,029	$	772,166	$	56,863			7.4	%
Europe		171,659		147,191		24,468			16.6
Rest of the world		222,616		225,914		(3,298	)		(1.5	)
Total	$	1,223,304	$	1,145,271	$	78,033			6.8	%

Revenue. Revenue increased by $78.0 million, or 6.8%, to $1,223.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023, from $1,145.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in revenue was primarily attributable to an increase in managed services arrangements and transformation activities in North America reflecting strong business activity building next-generation platforms for our customers, as well as strong business momentum in Europe and was partially offset by negative impact from foreign exchange fluctuations. Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased by 8.2% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, excluding approximately 1.4% negative foreign fluctuations impact, primarily in Europe.

In the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenue from customers in North America, Europe and the rest of the world accounted for 67.8%, 14.0% and 18.2%, respectively, of total revenue, compared to 67.4%, 12.9% and 19.7%, respectively, in the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Revenue from customers in Europe increased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, despite the negative impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, as a result of an increase in transformation project activities, as we expand our presence in this region.

Revenue from customers in the rest of the world decreased in the three months ended March 31, 2023, mainly as a result of negative foreign exchange fluctuations.

Cost of Revenue. Cost of revenue consists primarily of costs associated with providing services to customers, including compensation expense and costs of third-party products, as well as fee and royalty payments to software suppliers. Cost of revenue increased by $54.2 million, or 7.3%, to $795.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023, from $741.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue increased to 65.0% in the three months ended March

31, 2023, from 64.7% in the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in cost of revenue in absolute amount was commensurate with revenue growth. Our Cost of revenue was positively impacted by foreign exchange fluctuations.

Research and Development. Research and development expense is primarily comprised of compensation expense. Research and development expense increased by $2.2 million, or 2.5%, to $89.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023, from $87.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022. Research and development expense decreased as a percentage of revenue from 7.6% in the three months ended March 31, 2022, to 7.3% in the three months ended March 31, 2023. Research and development expense increased in absolute amount as we continue to invest in our cloud offerings, 5G and network related innovation and further developing our digital offerings. Our research and development efforts are a key element of our strategy and are essential to our success, and we intend to maintain our commitment to research and development. However, increase or decrease in our revenue would not necessarily result in a proportional increase or decrease in the levels of our research and development expenditures, which could affect our operating margin.

Selling, General and Administrative. Selling, general and administrative expense, which is primarily comprised of compensation expense, increased by $8.3 million, or 6.2%, to $143.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023, from $135.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022. Selling, general and administrative expense slightly decreased as a percentage of revenue from 11.8% in the three months ended March 31, 2022, to 11.7% in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The slight decrease in selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of revenue was primarily attributable to changes in account receivable allowances. Selling, general and administrative expense may fluctuate from time to time, depending upon such factors as changes in our workforce and sales efforts and the results of any operational efficiency programs that we may undertake.

Amortization of Purchased Intangible Assets and Other. Amortization of purchased intangible assets and other in the three months ended March 31, 2023, decreased by $5.4 million, or 29.4% to $12.9 million from $18.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in amortization of purchased intangible assets and other was primarily attributable to a completion of amortization of previously purchased intangible assets.

Operating Income. Operating income increased by $18.6 million, or 11.4%, in the three months ended March 31, 2023, to $182.3 million, or 14.9% of revenue, from $163.7 million, or 14.3% of revenue, in the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in operating income as a percentage of revenue was attributable primarily to the decrease in amortization of purchased intangible assets and other expense, and research and development expense, partially offset by increase in cost of revenue expense as a percentage of revenue. Our operating income was positively affected by foreign exchange impacts.

Interest and Other Expense, Net. Interest and other expense, net, changed from a net expense of $8.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022 to a net expense of $2.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in interest and other expense, net, was primarily attributable to an increase in interest income primarily due to higher interest rates, and to changes of minority equity investments measured at fair value recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31,2022.

Income Tax expense (benefit). Income tax expense (benefit) for the three months ended March 31, 2023 were $29.0 million on pre-tax income of $179.3 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 16.2%, compared to a negative effective tax rate of 2.2% in the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to a tax benefit recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2022, see also Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements. Our effective tax rate may fluctuate between periods as a result of discrete items that may affect a particular period.

Net income attributable to Amdocs Limited. Net income decreased by $8.9 million, or 5.6%, to $149.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023, from $158.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in net income is primarily attributable to an increase in income taxes, as described in Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements, partially offset by an increase in operating income.

Diluted Earnings Per Share. Diluted earnings per share decreased by $0.05, or 3.9%, to $1.23 in the three months ended March 31, 2023, from $1.28 in the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in diluted earnings per share was primarily attributable to a decrease in net income in the three months ended March 31, 2023, partially offset by a decrease in the diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding which resulted from share repurchases. Please see also Note 11 to our consolidated financial statements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Interest-Bearing Investments. Cash, cash equivalents and short-term interest-bearing investments, totaled $861.6 million as of March 31, 2023, compared to $818.0 million as of September 30, 2022. The increase was mainly attributable to $377.7 million positive cash flow from operating activities, $34.8 million of proceeds from stock option exercises, partially offset by $205.6 million repurchase of our ordinary shares pursuant to our repurchase program, $95.4 million of cash dividend payment and $68.8 million for capital expenditures, net. Net cash provided by operating activities amounted to $377.7 million and $373.0 million in the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Our free cash flow for the six months ended March 31, 2023 was $308.9 million and is calculated as net cash provided by operating activities of $377.7 million for the period less $68.8 million for capital expenditures, net.

Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure and is not prepared in accordance with, and is not an alternative for, generally accepted accounting principles and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures with similar names used by other companies. Non-GAAP measures such as free cash flow should only be reviewed in conjunction with the corresponding GAAP measures. We believe that free cash flow, when used in conjunction with the corresponding GAAP measure, provides useful information to investors and management relating to the amount of cash generated by the Company’s business operations.

We believe that our current cash balances, cash generated from operations, our current lines of credit, loans, Senior Notes and our ability to access capital markets will provide sufficient resources to meet our operational needs, loan and debt repayment needs, fund share repurchases and the payment of cash dividends for at least the next twelve months.

We have short-term interest-bearing investments comprised of marketable securities and bank deposits. We classify all of our marketable securities as available-for-sale securities. Such marketable securities consist primarily of money market funds, corporate bonds, U.S. government securities and municipal bonds, which are stated at market value.

We believe we have conservative investment policy guidelines. Our interest-bearing investments are stated at fair value with the unrealized gains or losses reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, unless a security is impaired due to a credit loss, in which case the loss is recorded in the consolidated statements of income. Our interest-bearing investments are priced by pricing vendors and are classified as Level 1 or Level 2 investments, since these vendors either provide a quoted market price in an active market or use other observable inputs to price these securities. During the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we did not recognize any credit losses. Please see Notes 5 and 6 to the consolidated financial statements.

Revolving Credit Facility, Loans, Senior Notes, Letters of Credit, Guarantees and Contractual Obligations. In December 2011, we entered into the unsecured $500.0 million Revolving Credit Facility. In December 2014, December 2017 and March 2021, the Revolving Credit Facility was amended and restated to, among other things, extend the maturity date of the facility to December 2019, December 2022 and March 2026, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with the financial covenants and had no outstanding borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility.

In June 2020, we issued an aggregate principal amount of $650.0 million in Senior Notes that will mature in June 2030 and bear interest at a fixed rate of 2.538 percent per annum (the “Senior Notes”). The interest is payable semi-annually in June and December of each year, commencing in December 2020. We incurred issuance costs of $6.1 million in relation to the Senior Notes, which are being amortized to interest expenses over the term of the Senior Notes using the effective interest rate. The Senior Notes are our senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future senior indebtedness, including any indebtedness we may incur from time to time under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2023, the noncurrent outstanding principal portion was $650.0 million. Please see Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements.

As of March 31, 2023, we had additional uncommitted lines of credit available for general corporate and other specific purposes and had outstanding letters of credit and bank guarantees from various banks totaling $69.7 million. These were supported by a combination of the uncommitted lines of credit that we maintain with various banks.

We have contractual obligations for Long-term debt and accrued interests, our non-cancelable operating leases, purchase obligations, pension funding and unrecognized tax benefits, summarized in the disclosure of contractual obligations set forth in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, filed on December 13, 2022 with the SEC. Since September 30, 2022, there have been no material changes in our aggregate contractual obligations mentioned above.

Capital Expenditures. Generally, the majority of our capital expenditures consist of purchases of computer equipment, and the remainder is attributable mainly to leasehold improvements. Our capital expenditures were approximately $68.8 million in the six months ended March 31, 2023 and were mainly attributable to investments in our operating facilities and our development centers around the world.

Share Repurchases. From time to time, our Board of Directors can adopt share repurchase plans authorizing the repurchase of our outstanding ordinary shares. On May 12, 2021, our Board of Directors adopted a share repurchase plan authorizing the repurchase of up to $1.0 billion of our outstanding ordinary shares with no expiration date. During the six months ended March 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately 2.3 million ordinary shares at an average price of $88.23 per share (excluding broker and transaction fees). The May 2021 plan permits us to purchase our ordinary shares in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions at times and prices that we consider appropriate. As of March 31, 2023, we had remaining authority to repurchase up to $284.5 million of our outstanding ordinary shares under the May 2021 plan.

Cash Dividends. Our Board of Directors declared the following dividends during the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:


Declaration Date	Dividends Per Ordinary Share		Record Date	Total Amount in millions		Payment Date
January 31, 2023	$	0.435	March 31, 2023	$	52.3	April 28, 2023
November 8, 2022	$	0.395	December 30, 2022	$	47.6	January 27, 2023
February 1, 2022	$	0.395	March 31, 2022	$	48.5	April 29, 2022
November 2, 2021	$	0.36	December 31, 2021	$	44.4	January 28, 2022

On May 10, 2023 our Board of Directors approved the next quarterly dividend payment and set June 30, 2023 as the record date for determining the shareholders entitled to receive the dividend, which is payable on July 28, 2023.

Our Board of Directors considers on a quarterly basis whether to declare and pay, if any, a dividend in accordance with the terms of the dividend program, subject to applicable Guernsey law and based on several factors including our financial performance, outlook and liquidity. Guernsey law requires that our Board of Directors considers a dividend’s effects on our solvency before it may be declared or paid. While the Board of Directors will have the authority to reduce the quarterly dividend or discontinue the dividend program should it determine that doing so is in the best interests of our shareholders or is necessary pursuant to Guernsey law, any increase to the per share amount or frequency of the dividend would require shareholder approval.

Currency Fluctuations

We manage our foreign subsidiaries as integral direct components of our operations. The operations of our foreign subsidiaries provide the same type of services with the same type of expenditure throughout the Amdocs group. The U.S. dollar is our functional currency according to the salient economic factors as indicated in the authoritative guidance for foreign currency matters. We periodically assess the applicability of the U.S. dollar as our functional currency by reviewing the salient indicators.

During the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately 70% to 80% of our revenue and approximately 50% to 60% of our operating expenses were in U.S. dollars or linked to the U.S. dollar. If more customers seek contracts in currencies other than the U.S. dollar and as our operational activities outside of the United States may increase, the percentage of our revenue and operating expenses in U.S. dollar or linked to the U.S. dollar may decrease over time, which may increase our exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates. In managing our foreign exchange risk, we enter from time to time into various foreign exchange hedging contracts. We do not hedge all of our exposure in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, but rather our policy is to hedge significant net exposures in the major foreign currencies in which we operate, when cost-effective.

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Changes in Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Ordinary Shares

The following table provides information about purchases by us and our affiliated purchasers during the three months ended March 31, 2023 of equity securities that are registered by us pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act:


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased		Average Price Paid per Share(1)		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(2)
01/01/23-01/31/23		331,797	$	90.41		331,797	$	360,106,765
02/01/23-02/28/23		301,277	$	94.59		301,277	$	331,607,749
03/01/23-03/31/23		514,174	$	91.61		514,174	$	284,506,715
Total		1,147,248	$	92.05		1,147,248	$	284,506,715

____________

(1)

Excludes broker and transaction fees.

(2)

On May 12, 2021, our Board of Directors adopted a share repurchase plan for the repurchase of up to $1.0 billion of our outstanding ordinary shares. The authorizations have no expiration date and permit us to purchase our ordinary shares in open market or privately negotiated transactions at times and prices we consider appropriate.

Item 2. Reports on Form 6-K

The Company furnished or filed the following reports on Form 6-K during the three months ended March 31, 2023:

(1)

Form 6-K dated January 27, 2023

(2)

Form 6-K dated February 1, 2023

(3)

Form 6-K dated February 13, 2023

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


	AMDOCS LIMITED

	/s/ Matthew E. Smith
	Matthew E. Smith
	Secretary and Authorized Signatory

Date: May 22, 2023

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