NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2021
(UNAUDITED)
1.Basis of Presentation
J2 Global, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (“J2 Global”, the “Company”, “our”, “us”, or “we”), is a leading provider of internet information and services. Our Digital Media business specializes in the technology, shopping, gaming, and healthcare markets offering content, tools and services to consumers and businesses. Our Cloud Services business provides cloud-based subscription services to consumers and businesses including cloud fax, cybersecurity, privacy and marketing technology.
The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of J2 Global and its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and note disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements although the Company believes that the disclosures made are adequate to make that information not misleading. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been reflected in these interim financial statements. It is suggested that these financial statements be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2020 included in our Annual Report (Form 10-K) filed with the SEC on March 1, 2021. Accordingly, significant accounting policies and other disclosures normally provided have been omitted since such items are disclosed therein.
The results of operations for this interim period are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year or for any future period.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, including judgments about investment classifications and the reported amounts of net revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company believes that its most significant estimates are those related to revenue recognition, valuation and impairment of investments, its assessment of ownership interests as variable interest entities and the related determination of consolidation, share-based compensation expense, fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with business combinations, long-lived and intangible asset impairment, contingent consideration, income taxes and contingencies and allowances for doubtful accounts. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates based on historical experience and on various other factors that the Company believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates due to risks and uncertainties, including uncertainty in the current economic environment due to the novel coronavirus pandemic (“COVID-19”).
Allowances for Doubtful Accounts
J2 Global maintains an allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable, which is recorded as an offset to accounts receivable and changes in such are classified as general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company assesses collectability by reviewing accounts receivable on a collective basis where similar characteristics exist and on an individual basis when it identifies specific customers with known disputes or collectability issues. In determining the amount of the allowance for credit losses, the Company considers historical collectability based on past due status. It also considers customer-specific information, current market conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions to inform adjustments to historical loss data. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates the adequacy of these reserves.
Revenue Recognition
J2 Global recognizes revenue when the Company satisfies its obligation by transferring control of the goods or services to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services (see Note 3 - Revenues).
Principal vs. Agent
The Company determines whether revenue should be reported on a gross or net basis by assessing whether the Company is acting as the principal or an agent in the transaction. If the Company is acting as the principal in a transaction, the Company reports revenue on a gross basis. If the Company is acting as an agent in a transaction, the Company reports revenue on a net basis. In determining whether the Company acts as the principal or an agent, the Company follows the accounting guidance under Topic 606 for principal-agent considerations and assesses: (i) if another party is involved in providing goods or services to the customer and (ii) whether the Company controls the specified goods or services prior to transferring control to the customer.
Sales Taxes
The Company has made an accounting policy election to exclude from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are (i) both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and (ii) collected by the Company from a customer.
Investments
The Company accounts for its investments in debt securities in accordance with ASC Topic No. 320, Investments - Debt Securities (“ASC 320”). Debt investments are typically comprised of corporate debt securities, which it classifies as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in other comprehensive income. All debt securities are accounted for on a specific identification basis.
The Company’s available-for-sale debt securities are carried at an estimated fair value with any unrealized gains or losses, net of taxes, included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity. Available-for-sale debt securities with an amortized cost basis in excess of estimated fair value are assessed to determine what amount of that difference, if any, is caused by expected credit losses. Expected credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities are recognized in loss on investments, net on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, and any remaining unrealized losses, net of taxes, are included in accumulated comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity.
The Company accounts for its investments in equity securities in accordance with ASC Topic No. 321, Investments - Equity Securities (“ASC 321”) which requires the accounting for equity investments (other than those accounted for using the equity method of accounting) generally be measured at fair value for equity securities with readily determinable fair values. For equity securities without a readily determinable fair value that are not accounted for by the equity method, the Company measures the equity security using cost, less impairment, if any, and plus or minus observable price changes arising from orderly transactions in the same or similar investment from the same issuer. Any unrealized gains or losses will be reported in current earnings (see Note 5 - Investments).
The Company assesses whether an other-than-temporary impairment loss on an investment has occurred due to declines in fair value or other market conditions (see Note 5 - Investments).
Variable Interest Entities (“VIE”)
A VIE requires consolidation by the entity’s primary beneficiary. The Company evaluates its investments in entities in which it is involved to determine if the entity is a VIE and if so, whether it holds a variable interest and is the primary beneficiary. The Company has determined that it holds a variable interest in its investment as a limited partner in the OCV Fund I, LP (“OCV Fund”, “OCV” or the “Fund”). In determining whether the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE, both of the following characteristics must be present:
a) the Company has the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impacts the VIEs economic performance (the power criterion); and
b) the Company has the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE, or the right to receive benefits of the VIE, that could potentially be significant to the VIE (the economic criterion).
The Company has concluded that, as a limited partner, although the obligation to absorb losses or the right to benefit from the gains is not insignificant, the Company does not have “power” over OCV because it does not have the ability to direct the significant decisions which impact the economics of OCV. J2 believes that the OCV general partner, as a single decision maker, holds the ability to make the decisions about the activities that most significantly impact the OCV Fund’s economic performance. As a result, the Company has concluded that it will not consolidate OCV, as it is not the primary beneficiary of the OCV Fund, and will account for this investment under the equity-method of accounting. See Note 5, “Investments”.
OCV qualifies as an investment company under ASC 946 - Financial Services, Investment Companies (“ASC 946”). Under ASC Topic 323, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures, an investor that holds investments that qualify for specialized industry accounting for investment companies in accordance with ASC 946 should record its share of the earnings or losses, realized or unrealized, as reported by its equity method investees in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The Company recognizes its equity in the net earnings or losses relating to the investment in OCV on a one-quarter lag due to the timing and availability of financial information from OCV. If the Company becomes aware of a significant decline in value that is other-than-temporary, the loss will be recorded in the period in which the Company identifies the decline.
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets
J2 Global accounts for long-lived assets, which include property and equipment, operating lease right-of-use assets and identifiable intangible assets with finite useful lives (subject to amortization), in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic No. 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment (“ASC 360”), which requires that long-lived assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to the expected undiscounted future net cash flows generated by the asset. If it is determined that the asset may not be recoverable, and if the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated fair value, an impairment charge is recognized to the extent of the difference.
J2 Global assessed whether events or changes in circumstances have occurred that potentially indicate the carrying amount of long-lived assets may not be recoverable. In the first quarter of 2021, the Company recorded impairment of certain operating right-of-use assets (see Note 10 - Leases). No impairment was recorded in the first quarter of 2020.
The Company classifies its long-lived assets to be sold as held for sale in the period (i) it has approved and committed to a plan to sell the asset, (ii) the asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition, (iii) an active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to sell the asset have been initiated, (iv) the sale of the asset is probable, (v) the asset is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value, and (vi) it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn. The Company initially measures a long-lived asset that is classified as held for sale at the lower of its carrying value or fair value less any costs to sell. Any loss resulting from this measurement is recognized in the period in which the held for sale criteria are met. Conversely, gains are not recognized on the sale of a long-lived asset until the date of sale. Upon designation as an asset held for sale, the Company stops recording depreciation expense on the asset. The Company assesses the fair value of a long-lived asset less any costs to sell at each reporting period and until the asset is no longer classified as held for sale.
Business Combinations and Valuation of Goodwill and Intangible Assets
J2 Global applies the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations in accordance with GAAP and uses estimates and judgments to allocate the purchase price paid for acquisitions to the fair value of the assets, including identifiable intangible assets, and liabilities acquired. Such estimates may be based on significant unobservable inputs and assumptions such as, but not limited to, revenue growth rates, gross margins, customer attrition rates, royalty rates, discount rates and terminal growth rate assumptions. J2 Global uses established valuation techniques and may engage reputable valuation specialists to assist with the valuations. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. Fair values are subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of an acquisition as information relative to closing date fair values becomes available. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to earnings.
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Intangible assets resulting from the acquisitions of entities accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting are recorded at the estimated fair value of the assets acquired. Identifiable intangible assets are comprised of purchased customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, developed technologies and other intangible assets. Intangible assets subject to amortization are amortized over the period of estimated economic benefit ranging from 1 to 20 years and are included in general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company evaluates its goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment pursuant to FASB ASC Topic No. 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”), which provides that goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized but tested annually for impairment or more frequently if J2 Global believes indicators of impairment exist. In connection with the annual impairment test for goodwill, the Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment in determining whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then it performs the impairment test upon goodwill. The impairment test involves comparing the fair values of the applicable reporting units with their aggregate carrying values, including goodwill. The Company generally determines the fair value of its reporting units using the income approach methodology of valuation. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference. No impairments to goodwill or other intangible assets were recorded in the first quarter of 2021 or 2020. In 2021, the Company changed the annual goodwill impairment assessment date for the Cloud Services business from September 30 to October 1, as it determined this date is preferable, and concluded this was not a material change in accounting principal.
Contingent Consideration
Certain of J2 Global’s acquisition agreements include contingent earn-out arrangements, which are generally based on the achievement of future income thresholds or other metrics. The contingent earn-out arrangements are based upon the Company’s valuations of the acquired companies and reduce the risk of overpaying for acquisitions if the projected financial results are not achieved.
The fair values of these earn-out arrangements are included as part of the purchase price of the acquired companies on their respective acquisition dates. For each transaction, the Company estimates the fair value of contingent earn-out payments as part of the initial purchase price and records the estimated fair value of contingent consideration as a liability on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. J2 Global considers several factors when determining that contingent earn-out liabilities are part of the purchase price, including the following: (1) the valuation of our acquisitions is not supported solely by the initial consideration paid, and the contingent earn-out formula is a critical and material component of the valuation approach to determining the purchase price; and (2) the former shareholders of acquired companies that remain as key employees receive compensation other than contingent earn-out payments at a reasonable level compared with the compensation of the Company’s other key employees. The contingent earn-out payments are not affected by employment termination.
J2 Global measures the contingent earn-out liabilities in connection with acquisitions at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy (see Note 7 - Fair Value Measurements). The Company may use various valuation techniques depending on the terms and conditions of the contingent consideration including a Monte-Carlo simulation. This simulation uses a probability distribution for each significant input to produce hundreds or thousands of possible outcomes and the results are analyzed to determine probabilities of different outcomes occurring. Significant increases or decreases to these inputs in isolation would result in a significantly higher or lower liability with a higher liability capped by the contractual maximum of the contingent earn-out obligation. Ultimately, the
liability will be equivalent to the amount paid, and the difference between the fair value estimate and the amount paid will be recorded in earnings. The amount paid that is less than or equal to the liability on the acquisition date is reflected as cash used in financing activities in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Any amount paid in excess of the liability on the acquisition date is reflected as cash used in operating activities.
J2 Global reviews and re-assesses the estimated fair value of contingent consideration on a quarterly basis, and the updated fair value could be materially different from the initial estimates or prior quarterly amounts. Changes in the estimated fair value of its contingent earn-out liabilities are reported in general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Income Taxes
J2 Global’s income is subject to taxation in both the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in evaluating the Company’s tax positions and determining its provision for income taxes. During the ordinary course of business, there are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. J2 Global establishes reserves for tax-related uncertainties based on estimates of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. These reserves for tax contingencies are established when the Company believes that certain positions might be challenged despite the Company’s belief that its tax return positions are fully supportable. J2 Global adjusts these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the outcome of a tax audit or lapse of a statute of limitations. The provision for income taxes includes the impact of reserve provisions and changes to reserves that are considered appropriate.
J2 Global accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic No. 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates for the effect of temporary differences between the book and tax basis of recorded assets and liabilities. ASC 740 also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized. The valuation allowance is reviewed quarterly based upon the facts and circumstances known at the time. In assessing this valuation allowance, J2 Global reviews historical and future expected operating results and other factors, including its recent cumulative earnings experience, expectations of future taxable income by taxing jurisdiction and the carryforward periods available for tax reporting purposes, to determine whether it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets are realizable.
ASC 740 provides guidance on the minimum threshold that an uncertain income tax benefit is required to meet before it can be recognized in the financial statements and applies to all income tax positions taken by a company. ASC 740 contains a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain income tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. If it is not more likely than not that the benefit will be sustained on its technical merits, no benefit will be recorded. Uncertain income tax positions that relate only to timing of when an item is included on a tax return are considered to have met the recognition threshold. J2 Global recognized accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions in income tax expense on its condensed consolidated statements of operations.
In addition, on March 27, 2020, the “Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act” was enacted into law and provides for changes to various tax laws that impact businesses. The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer side social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations, increased limitations on qualified charitable contributions and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property.
The CARES Act also appropriated funds for the Small Business Administration (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans that are forgivable in certain situations to promote continued employment, as well as Economic Injury Disaster Loans to provide liquidity to small businesses harmed by COVID-19. The Company did not seek to borrow any funds under the program. However, as a result of an acquisition that closed during the quarter ended December 31, 2020, the Company assumed outstanding PPP loans that had started the process of being forgiven prior to the closing of the acquisition. The amount of the outstanding loan did not have a significant impact to the Company’s financial statements.
The Company does not believe these provisions have a significant impact to our current and deferred income tax balances. The Company will benefit from the technical correction to tax depreciation related to qualified improvement property and has elected to defer income tax payments and employer side social security payments where eligible.
Share-Based Compensation
J2 Global accounts for share-based awards to employees and non-employees in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic No. 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). Accordingly, J2 Global measures share-based compensation expense at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and recognizes the expense over the employee’s requisite service period using the straight-line method. The measurement of share-based compensation expense is based on several criteria, including but not limited to the valuation model used and associated input factors, such as expected term of the award, stock price volatility, risk free interest rate, dividend rate and award cancellation rate. These inputs are subjective and are determined using management’s judgment. If differences arise between the assumptions used in determining share-based compensation expense and the actual factors, which become known over time, J2 Global may change the input factors used in determining future share-based compensation expense. Any such changes could materially impact the Company’s results of operations in the period in which the changes are made and in periods thereafter. The Company estimates the expected term based upon the historical exercise behavior of its employees.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2021 presentation.
2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments in this ASU simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The Company adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2021 and has identified no material effect on its financial statements or disclosures.
In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-01, Investments - Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investment - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815. The amendments in this ASU clarify certain interactions between the guidance to account for certain equity securities under Topic 321, the guidance to account for investments under the equity method of accounting in Topic 323, and the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options under Topic 815. This ASU identifies two main areas for improvement: (1) accounting for certain equity securities upon the application or discontinuation of the equity method of accounting and (2) scope considerations for forward contracts and purchased options on certain securities. The amendment states, as it is related to the first area of improvement, that an entity should consider observable transactions that require it to either apply or discontinue the equity method of accounting for the purposes of applying the measurement alternative in accordance with Topic 321 immediately before applying or upon discontinuing the equity method. The amendment also states, as it is relates to forward contracts and purchased options on certain securities, an entity should consider certain criteria to determine the accounting for those forward contracts and purchased options. The Company adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2021 and has identified no effect on its financial statements or disclosures.
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The amendments in this ASU provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments in this ASU apply only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. LIBOR is expected to phased out by 2021. The amendments in this ASU are effective as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of this ASU on its financial statements and related disclosures.
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. The amendments in this ASU reduce the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock in order to simplify the accounting for convertible instruments and reduce complexity. In addition, it amends the guidance for scope exception surrounding derivatives for contracts in an
entity’s own equity. In each case, the related guidance surrounding EPS has also been amended. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of this ASU on its financial statements and related disclosures.
In October 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-10, Codification Improvements. The amendments in this ASU improve the consistency of the codification and reorganize the guidance into appropriate sections providing less opportunities for disclosures to be missed. The amendments in this update do not change GAAP and are not expected to result in a significant change in practice. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2021 and has identified no effect on its financial statements or disclosures.
3.Revenues
Digital Media
Digital Media revenues are earned primarily from the delivery of advertising services, from subscriptions to services and information.
Revenue is earned from the delivery of advertising services on the Company’s owned and operated websites and on those websites that are part of Digital Media’s advertising network. Depending on the individual contracts with the customer, revenue for these services are recognized over the contract period when any of the following performance obligations are satisfied: (i) when an advertisement is placed for viewing, (ii) when a qualified sales lead is delivered, (iii) when a visitor “clicks through” on an advertisement or (iv) when commissions are earned upon the sale of an advertised product.
Revenue from subscriptions is earned through the granting of access to, or delivery of, data products or services to customers. Subscriptions cover video games and related content, health information, data and other copyrighted material. Revenues under such agreements are recognized over the contract term for use of the service. Revenues are also earned from listing fees, subscriptions to online publications, and from other sources. Subscription revenues are recognized over time.
J2 Global generates Digital Media revenues through the license of certain assets to clients. Assets are licensed for clients’ use in their own promotional materials or otherwise. Such assets may include logos, editorial reviews, or other copyrighted material. Revenues under such license agreements are recognized over the contract term for use of the asset. Technology assets are also licensed to clients. These assets are recognized over the term of the access period. The Digital Media business also generates revenue from other sources which include marketing and production services. Such other revenues are generally recognized over the period in which the products or services are delivered.
J2 Global also generates Digital Media revenues from transactions involving the sale of perpetual software licenses, related software support and maintenance, hardware used in conjunction with its software, and other related services. Revenue is recognized for these software transactions with multiple performance obligations after (i) the Company has had an approved contract and is committed to perform the respective obligations and (ii) the Company can identify and quantify each obligation and its respective selling price. Once the respective performance obligations have been identified and quantified, revenue will be recognized when the obligations are met, either over time or at a point in time depending on the nature of the obligation.
Revenues from software license performance obligations are generally recognized upfront at the point in time that the software is made available to the customer to download and use. Revenues for related software support and maintenance performance obligations are related to technical support provided to customers as needed and unspecified software product upgrades, maintenance releases and patches during the term of the support period when they are available. The Company is obligated to make the support services available continuously throughout the contract period. Therefore, revenues for support contracts are generally recognized ratably over the contractual period the support services are provided. Hardware product and related software performance obligations, such as an operating system or firmware, are highly interdependent and interrelated and are accounted for as a bundled performance obligation. The revenues for this bundled performance obligation are generally recognized at the point in time that the hardware and software products are delivered and ownership is transferred to the customer. Other service revenues are generally recognized over time as the services are performed.
The Company records revenue on a gross basis with respect to revenue generated (i) by the Company serving online display and video advertising across its owned and operated web properties, on third-party sites or on unaffiliated advertising networks, (ii) through the Company’s lead-generation business and (iii) through the Company’s subscriptions. The Company records revenue on a net basis with respect to revenue paid to the Company by certain third-party advertising networks who
serve online display and video advertising across the Company’s owned-and-operated web properties and certain third-party sites.
Cloud Services
The Company’s Cloud Services revenues substantially consist of monthly recurring subscription and usage-based fees, which are primarily paid in advance by credit card. The Company defers the portions of monthly, quarterly, semi-annually and annually recurring subscription and usage-based fees collected in advance of the satisfaction of performance obligations and recognizes them in the period earned.
Along with our numerous proprietary Cloud Services solutions, the Company also generates revenues by reselling various third-party solutions, primarily through our email security and online backup lines of business. These third-party solutions, along with our proprietary products, allow the Company to offer customers a variety of solutions to better meet their needs. The Company records revenue on a gross basis with respect to reseller revenue because the Company has control of the specified good or service prior to transferring control to the customer.
Revenues from external customers classified by revenue source are as follows (in thousands):
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Three Months Ended
March 31,
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Digital Media
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|
|
|
|
2021
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|
2020
|
|
Advertising
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|
|
|
|
$
|
174,124
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|
|
$
|
115,265
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|
|
Subscription
|
|
|
|
|
50,881
|
|
|
45,428
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|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
1,869
|
|
|
1,998
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|
|
Total Digital Media revenues
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|
|
|
|
$
|
226,874
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|
|
$
|
162,691
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cloud Services
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subscription
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
171,337
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|
|
$
|
169,748
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Other
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|
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|
|
92
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|
|
36
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|
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Total Cloud Services revenues
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|
|
|
|
$
|
171,429
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|
|
$
|
169,784
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Corporate
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$
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—
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$
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1
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Elimination of inter-segment revenues
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(118)
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(83)
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Total Revenues
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|
|
|
$
|
398,185
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|
|
$
|
332,393
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Timing of revenue recognition
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|
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Point in time
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|
|
$
|
5,965
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|
|
$
|
6,497
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Over time
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|
|
|
|
392,220
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|
|
325,896
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Total
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|
|
|
|
$
|
398,185
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|
|
$
|
332,393
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|
The Company has recorded $78.8 million and $68.5 million of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which was previously included in the deferred revenue balance as of the beginning of each respective year.
As of March 31, 2021, the Company acquired no deferred revenue in connection with the Company’s business acquisitions (see Note 4 - Business Acquisitions) which are subject to purchase accounting adjustments.
Performance Obligations
The Company’s contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, revenues are allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price.
The Company satisfies its performance obligations within the Digital Media business upon delivery of services to its customers. In addition, the Company provides content to its advertising partners which the Company sells to its partners’ customer base and receives a revenue share based on the terms of the agreement.
The Company satisfies its performance obligations within the Cloud Services business upon delivery of services to its customers. Payment terms vary by type and location of our customers and the services offered. The term between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant. Due to the nature of the services provided, there are no obligations for returns.
Significant Judgments
In determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together may require significant judgment. Judgment is also required to determine the standalone selling price for each distinct performance obligation.
Performance Obligations Satisfied Over Time
The Company’s Digital Media business consists primarily of performance obligations that are satisfied over time. This was determined based on a review of the contracts and the nature of the services offered, where the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of the services provided. Satisfaction of these performance obligations is evidenced in the following ways:
Advertising
•Website reporting by the Company, the customer, or a third-party contains the delivery evidence needed to satisfy the performance obligations within the advertising contract
•Successfully delivered leads are evidenced by either delivery reports from the Company’s internal lead management systems or through e-mail communication and/or other evidence of delivery showing acceptance of leads by the customer
•Commission is evidenced by direct site reporting from the affiliate or via direct confirmation from the customer
Subscription
•Evidence of delivery is contained in the Company’s systems or from correspondence with the customer which tracks when a customer accepts delivery of any assets, digital keys or download links
The Company has concluded revenue is recognized based on delivery of services over the contract period for advertising and on a straight-line basis over the contract period for subscriptions. The Company believes that the methods described are a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods and services.
The Company’s Cloud Services business consists primarily of performance obligations that are satisfied over time. This has been determined based on the fact that the nature of services offered are subscription based and include fax, voice, backup, security, CPP, and email marketing products where the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of the services provided regardless of whether the customer uses the services or not. Depending on the individual contracts with the customer, revenue for these services are recognized over the contract period when any of the following materially distinct performance obligations are satisfied:
•Faxing capabilities are provided
•Voice services are provided
•Email marketing services are provided
•Consumer privacy services are provided
•Security solutions, including email and endpoint are provided
•Online data backup capabilities are provided
The Company has concluded that the best measure of progress toward the complete satisfaction of the performance obligation over time is a time-based measure. The Company recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis throughout the subscription period and believes that the method used is a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods and services.
Performance Obligations Satisfied at a Point in Time
The Company’s Digital Media business has technology subscriptions that have standalone functionality. As a result, they are considered to be functional intellectual property where the performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time. This is evidenced once a digital key is delivered to the customer. Once the key is delivered to the customer, the customer has full control of the technology and the Company has no further performance obligations. The Company has concluded that revenue is recognized once the digital key is delivered. The Company believes that this method is a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods and services.
Practical Expedients
Existence of a Significant Financing Component in a Contract
As a practical expedient, the Company has not assessed whether a contract has a significant financing component because the Company expects at contract inception that the period between payment by the customer and the transfer of promised goods or services by the Company to the customer will be one year or less. In addition, the Company has determined that the payment terms that the Company provides to its customers are structured primarily for reasons other than the provision of finance to the Company. The Company typically charges a single upfront amount for the services because other payment terms would affect the nature of the risk assumed by the Company to provide service given the costs of the customer acquisition and the highly competitive and commoditized nature of the business we operate which allows customers to easily move from one provider to another. This additional risk may make it uneconomical to provide the service.
Costs to Fulfill a Contract
The Company’s revenues are primarily generated from customer contracts that are for one year or less. Costs primarily consist of incentive compensation paid based on the achievements of sales targets in a given period for related revenue streams and are recognized in the month when the revenue is earned. Incentive compensation is paid on the issuance or renewal of the customer contract. As a practical expedient, for amortization periods which are determined to be one year or less, the Company expenses any incremental costs of obtaining the contract with a customer when incurred. For those customers with amortization periods determined to be greater than one year, the Company capitalizes and amortizes the expenses over the period of benefit.
In addition, the Company partners with various affiliates in order to generate a portion of its revenue for certain lines of business. The commissions earned by the Company’s affiliates are incentive based and are paid on the acquisition of new customers in a given period. For those customers with amortization periods determined to be greater than one year, the Company capitalizes and amortizes the expenses over the period of benefit.
Revenues Invoiced
The Company has applied the practical expedient for certain revenue streams to exclude the value of remaining performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected term of one year or less or (ii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue in proportion to the amount it has the right to invoice for services performed.
4.Business Acquisitions
The Company uses acquisitions as a strategy to grow its customer base by increasing its presence in new and existing markets, expand and diversify its service offerings, enhance its technology, and acquire skilled personnel.
The Company completed an immaterial media acquisition during the first three months of fiscal 2021, paying the purchase price in cash.
The Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations since the date of the acquisition and balance sheet as of March 31, 2021, reflect the results of operations of the 2021 acquisition. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, this acquisition contributed an immaterial amount to the Company’s revenues. Net income contributed by this acquisition was not separately identifiable due to J2 Global’s integration activities and is impracticable to provide. Total consideration for this transaction was $0.2 million, net of cash acquired and assumed liabilities and is subject to certain post-closing adjustments which may increase or decrease the final consideration paid.
During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the purchase price accounting has been finalized for immaterial digital media, consumer privacy and protection, email marketing, and fax businesses. The initial accounting for the 2021 acquisition is incomplete and subject to change. J2 Global has recorded provisional amounts which may be based upon past acquisitions with similar attributes for certain intangible assets (including trade names, software and customer relationships), preliminary acquisition date working capital and related tax items.
During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recorded adjustments to the initial working capital and to the purchase accounting due to the finalization of prior period acquisitions in the Digital Media business, which resulted in a net increase in goodwill of $2.5 million. In addition, the Company recorded adjustments to the initial working capital and to the purchase accounting due to the finalization of prior period acquisitions in the Voice, Backup, Security and CPP businesses which resulted in a net increase in goodwill of $0.3 million (see Note 8 - Goodwill and Intangible Assets). Such adjustments had an immaterial impact on the amortization expense within the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021.
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and represents intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition. Goodwill recognized associated with these acquisitions during the three months ended March 31, 2021 is zero, of which zero is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.
5.Investments
Investments consist of equity and debt securities.
The Company determined the equity securities that were received as part of the consideration for the sale of Tea Leaves Health, LLC (“Tea Leaves”) in fiscal year 2017 are without a readily determinable fair value because these securities are privately held, not traded on any public exchanges and not an investment in a mutual fund or similar investment. As a result, management has elected to alternatively measure this investment at cost, less impairment, adjusted for subsequent observable price changes to estimate fair value. The Company will make a “reasonable effort” to identify any observable price changes for identical or similar investments with the issuer that are known are can be reasonably known. Any changes in the carrying value of the equity securities will be reported in current earnings as (gain) loss on investments, net. In addition, the Company determined that the shares of redeemable preferred stock that were also received as part of the consideration for the sale of Tea Leaves are corporate debt securities and are classified as available-for-sale securities. These debt securities were subsequently exchanged in a non-cash transaction in the first quarter of 2020.
Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has had an adverse impact on the global financial markets. A prolonged adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic could result in a decline in the equity and debt securities estimated fair value and, thus, a resulting charge to earnings in a future period.
The following table summarizes the gross unrealized gains and losses and estimated fair values for the Company’s securities without a readily determinable fair value (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
|
|
Impairment
|
|
Adjustments
|
|
Reported Amount
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities
|
$
|
31,779
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(479)
|
|
|
$
|
31,300
|
|
|
Total
|
$
|
31,779
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(479)
|
|
|
$
|
31,300
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities
|
$
|
50,384
|
|
|
$
|
(19,605)
|
|
|
$
|
(479)
|
|
|
$
|
30,300
|
|
|
Total
|
$
|
50,384
|
|
|
$
|
(19,605)
|
|
|
$
|
(479)
|
|
|
$
|
30,300
|
|
In the first quarter of 2020, in a non-cash transaction of $18.3 million, the Company exchanged shares of redeemable preferred stock that were previously classified as available-for-sale corporate debt securities for a new series of preferred stock, classified as equity securities without a readily determinable fair value. The Company recognized a loss on exchange of $4.4 million, which is reflected in loss on investments, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded a $19.6 million impairment loss related to a decline
in value primarily due to the recapitalization of the investee and overall market volatility. At March 31, 2021, cumulative impairment losses on these securities were $23.8 million. Impairment losses are recorded in loss on investments, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The following table summarizes the gross unrealized gains and losses and fair values for investments classified as available-for-sale investments (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
Cost
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
|
Fair
Value
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
$
|
511
|
|
|
$
|
152
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
663
|
|
|
Total
|
$
|
511
|
|
|
$
|
152
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
663
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
$
|
511
|
|
|
$
|
152
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
663
|
|
|
Total
|
$
|
511
|
|
|
$
|
152
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
663
|
|
At March 31, 2021, the Company’s available-for-sale debt securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of other comprehensive income.
The following table summarizes J2 Global’s corporate debt securities designated as available-for-sale, classified by the contractual maturity date of the security (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
Due within 1 year
|
$
|
663
|
|
|
$
|
663
|
|
|
Due within more than 1 year but less than 5 years
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Due within more than 5 years but less than 10 years
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Due 10 years or after
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Total
|
$
|
663
|
|
|
$
|
663
|
|
Recognition and Measurement of Credit Loss of Debt Securities
The Company adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instrument-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments in the first quarter of 2020. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model which requires the use of forward-looking information to calculate credit loss estimates. This ASU also eliminates the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded though an allowance for credit losses rather than a reduction in amortized cost basis of the securities. These changes will result in earlier recognition of credit losses, if any.
The Company’s available-for-sale debt securities are carried at estimated fair value with any unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity. Available- for-sale debt securities with an amortized cost basis in excess of estimated fair value are assessed to determine what amount of that difference, if any, is caused by expected credit losses. Expected credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities are recognized in other (income) expense, net on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, and any remaining unrealized losses, net of taxes, are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity.
There were no investments in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020.
As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company did not recognize any credit losses related to debt securities.
On September 25, 2017, the Company entered into a commitment to invest $200 million (approximately 76.6% of equity) in the OCV Fund. The primary purpose of the Fund is to provide a limited number of select investors with the opportunity to realize long-term appreciation from public and private companies, with a particular focus on the technology and
life science industries. The general activities of the OCV Fund is to buy, sell, hold and otherwise invest in securities of every kind and nature and rights and options with respect thereto, including, without limitation, stock, notes, bonds, debentures and evidence of indebtedness; to exercise all rights, powers, privileges and other incidents of ownership or possession with respect to securities held or owned by the OCV Fund; to enter into, make and perform all contracts and other undertakings; and to engage in all activities and transactions as may be necessary, advisable or desirable to carry out the foregoing.
The manager, OCV Management, LLC, and general partner of the Fund are entities with respect to which Richard S. Ressler, Chairman of the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of the Company, is indirectly the majority equity holder and a related party. As a limited partner in the Fund, the Company will pay an annual management fee to the manager equal to 2.0% (reduced by 10% each year beginning with the sixth year) of capital commitments. In addition, subject to the terms and conditions of the Fund’s limited partnership agreement, once the Company has received distributions equal to its invested capital, the Fund’s general partner would be entitled to a carried interest equal to 20%. The Fund has a six year investment period, subject to certain exceptions. The commitment was approved by the Audit Committee of the Board in accordance with the Company’s related-party transaction approval policy.
In the first three months of 2021, the Company received capital call notices from the management of OCV Management, LLC for $7.1 million, inclusive of certain management fees. Of the outstanding balance, $8.1 million has been paid for the three months ended March 31, 2021. In the first three months of 2020, the Company received capital call notices from the management of OCV Management, LLC for $22.8 million, inclusive of certain management fees, of which $22.8 million had been paid for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
The Company recognizes its equity in the net earnings or losses relating to the investment in OCV on a one-quarter lag due to the timing and availability of financial information from OCV. If the Company becomes aware of a significant decline in value that is other-than-temporary, the loss will be recorded in the period in which the Company identifies the decline.
During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized an investment (gain) loss of $(24.3) million and $4.3 million, net of tax (expense) benefit, respectively. The first quarter 2021 gain was primarily a result of a gain on the underlying investments. The first quarter 2020 loss was primarily a result of the impairment of two of its investments as a result of COVID-19 in the amount of $7.0 million, net of tax benefit; partially offset by investment income, net of tax expense, of $2.7 million. The loss is presented in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations as (income) loss from equity method investment, net.
During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized management fees of $0.8 million and $0.8 million, net of tax benefit, respectively.
The following table discloses the carrying amount for the Company’s equity method investment (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
Equity method investment
|
$
|
107,403
|
|
|
$
|
67,195
|
|
|
Maximum exposure to loss
|
$
|
107,403
|
|
|
$
|
67,195
|
|
As a limited partner, the Company’s maximum exposure to loss is limited to its proportional ownership in the partnership. In addition, the Company is not required to contribute capital in an aggregate amount in excess of its capital commitment and any expected losses will not be in excess of the Capital Account. Finally, there are no call or put options, or other types of arrangements, which limit the Company’s ability to participate in losses and returns of the Fund.
6.Assets Held For Sale
During the first quarter of 2021, the Company committed to a plan to sell certain Voice assets in the United Kingdom as they were determined to be non-core assets. Such assets are recorded within the Voice, Backup, Security, and CPP reportable segment. On February 9, 2021, in a cash transaction, the Company sold the assets for a gain of $2.0 million which was recorded in gain on sale of businesses on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
The Company classifies asset held for sale when management approves and commits to a formal plan of sale with the expectation the sale will be completed within one year. The net assets of the business held for sale are then recorded at the lower of their current carrying value or the fair market value, less costs to sell.
During the first quarter of 2021, the Company committed to a plan to sell its B2B Backup business as it was determined to be a non-core business. The business is recorded within the Voice, Backup, Security, and CPP reportable segment.
The following table presents information related to the assets and liabilities that were classified as held for sale in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
Accounts receivable, net
|
$
|
6,394
|
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
1,669
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
9,280
|
|
|
Operating lease right-of-use assets
|
|
15,150
|
|
|
Trade names, net
|
|
3,886
|
|
|
Customer relationships, net
|
|
8,201
|
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
86,389
|
|
|
Other purchased intangibles, net
|
|
775
|
|
|
Deferred income taxes, noncurrent
|
|
3,814
|
|
|
Other assets
|
|
96
|
|
|
Total assets held for sale
|
$
|
135,654
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
|
$
|
3,670
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred revenue, current
|
|
2,749
|
|
|
Operating lease liabilities, current
|
|
2,648
|
|
|
Other current liabilities
|
|
435
|
|
|
Deferred revenue, noncurrent
|
|
7
|
|
|
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent
|
|
12,566
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other long-term liabilities
|
|
240
|
|
|
Total liabilities held for sale
|
$
|
22,315
|
|
7.Fair Value Measurements
J2 Global complies with the provisions of ASC 820, which defines fair value, provides a framework for measuring fair value and expands the disclosures required for fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, ASC 820 establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
§
|
Level 1 – Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
§
|
Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
§
|
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
|
The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
The Company’s money market funds are classified within Level 1. The Company values these Level 1 investments using quoted market prices. The fair value of long-term debt is determined using recent quoted market prices or dealer quotes for each of the Company’s instruments, which are Level 1 inputs. The fair value of the Company’s debt instruments at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was $2.1 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively (see Note 9 - Debt).
Certain of the Company’s debt securities are classified within Level 2. The Company values these Level 2 investments based on model-driven valuations using significant inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.
The Company classifies its contingent consideration liability in connection with acquisitions within Level 3 because factors used to develop the estimated fair value are unobservable inputs, such as volatility and market risks, and are not supported by market activity. For similar reasons, certain of the Company’s available-for-sale debt securities are classified within Level 3. The valuation approaches used to value the Level 3 investments consider unobservable inputs in the market such as time to liquidity, volatility, dividend yield, and breakpoints. Significant increases or decreases in either of the inputs in isolation would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.
The following table presents the fair values, valuation techniques, unobservable inputs, and ranges of the Company’s financial liabilities categorized within Level 3. The weighted averages below are a product of the unobservable input and fair value of the contingent consideration arrangement as of March 31, 2021.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Valuation Technique
|
|
Unobservable Input
|
|
Range
|
|
Weighted Average
|
|
Contingent Consideration
|
Option-Based Model
|
|
Risk free rate
|
|
1.9%
|
|
1.9
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
Debt spread
|
|
0.0% - 33.5%
|
|
11.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
Probabilities
|
|
100.0%
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
Present value factor
|
|
3.6% - 3.9%
|
|
3.7
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
Discount rate
|
|
28.6%
|
|
28.6
|
%
|
The following tables present the fair values of the Company’s financial assets or liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
Carrying Value
|
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash equivalents:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Money market and other funds
|
$
|
10,396
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
10,396
|
|
|
$
|
10,396
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
—
|
|
|
663
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
663
|
|
|
663
|
|
|
Total assets measured at fair value
|
$
|
10,396
|
|
|
$
|
663
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
11,059
|
|
|
$
|
11,059
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contingent consideration
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
9,530
|
|
|
$
|
9,530
|
|
|
$
|
9,530
|
|
|
Debt
|
2,091,518
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,091,518
|
|
|
1,586,331
|
|
|
Total liabilities measured at fair value
|
$
|
2,091,518
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
9,530
|
|
|
$
|
2,101,048
|
|
|
$
|
1,595,861
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
Carrying Value
|
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash equivalents:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Money market and other funds
|
$
|
10,413
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
10,413
|
|
|
$
|
10,413
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
—
|
|
|
663
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
663
|
|
|
663
|
|
|
Total assets measured at fair value
|
$
|
10,413
|
|
|
$
|
663
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
11,076
|
|
|
$
|
11,076
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contingent consideration
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
9,094
|
|
|
$
|
9,094
|
|
|
$
|
9,094
|
|
|
Debt
|
1,960,527
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,960,527
|
|
|
1,579,021
|
|
|
Total liabilities measured at fair value
|
$
|
1,960,527
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
9,094
|
|
|
$
|
1,969,621
|
|
|
$
|
1,588,115
|
|
The following table presents a reconciliation of the Company’s Level 3 financial liabilities related to contingent consideration that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Affected line item in the Statement of Operations
|
|
Balance as of January 1, 2021
|
$
|
9,094
|
|
|
|
|
Contingent consideration
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
Total fair value adjustments reported in earnings
|
508
|
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
Contingent consideration payments
|
(72)
|
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
Balance as of March 31, 2021
|
$
|
9,530
|
|
|
|
In connection with the Company’s acquisition activity, contingent consideration of up to $9.6 million may be payable upon achieving certain revenue, and/or unique visitor thresholds and had a combined fair value of $9.5 million and $9.1 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Due to the achievement of certain thresholds, $0.1 million was paid in the first three months of 2021.
During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recorded an increase in the fair value of the contingent consideration of $0.5 million and reported such increase in general and administrative expenses.
8.Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business combination and is assigned to the reporting unit that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. Intangible assets resulting from the acquisitions of entities accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting are recorded at the estimated fair value of the assets acquired. Identifiable intangible assets are comprised of purchased customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, developed technologies and other intangible assets. The fair values of these identified intangible assets are based upon expected future cash flows or income, which take into consideration certain assumptions such as customer turnover, trade names and patent lives. These determinations are primarily based upon the Company’s historical experience and expected benefit of each intangible asset. If it is determined that such assumptions are not accurate, then the resulting change will impact the fair value of the intangible asset. Identifiable intangible assets are amortized over the period of estimated economic benefit, which ranges from one to 20 years.
The changes in carrying amounts of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fax and Martech
|
|
Voice, Backup, Security and CPP
|
|
Total Cloud Services
|
|
Digital Media
|
|
Consolidated
|
|
Balance as of January 1, 2021
|
$
|
425,471
|
|
|
$
|
499,025
|
|
|
$
|
924,496
|
|
|
$
|
942,934
|
|
|
$
|
1,867,430
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill written off related to sale of a business (1)
|
—
|
|
|
(1,339)
|
|
|
(1,339)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1,339)
|
|
|
Goodwill reclassified to noncurrent assets held for sale (2)
|
—
|
|
|
(86,389)
|
|
|
(86,389)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(86,389)
|
|
|
Purchase accounting adjustments (3)
|
—
|
|
|
254
|
|
|
254
|
|
|
2,536
|
|
|
2,790
|
|
|
Foreign exchange translation
|
(2,923)
|
|
|
(1,635)
|
|
|
(4,558)
|
|
|
(189)
|
|
|
(4,747)
|
|
|
Balance as of March 31, 2021
|
$
|
422,548
|
|
|
$
|
409,916
|
|
|
$
|
832,464
|
|
|
$
|
945,281
|
|
|
$
|
1,777,745
|
|
(1) On February 9, 2021, in a cash transaction, the Company sold certain of its Voice assets in the United Kingdom which resulted in $1.3 million of goodwill being written off in connection with this sale (see Note 6 - Assets Held for Sale).
(2) During the first quarter of 2021, the Company reclassified $86.4 million of goodwill to noncurrent assets held for sale in connection with certain B2B Backup assets (see Note 6 - Assets Held for Sale).
(3) Purchase accounting adjustments relate to measurement period adjustments to goodwill in connection with prior business acquisitions (see Note 4 - Business Acquisitions).
Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives:
Intangible assets are summarized as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31,
2021
|
|
December 31,
2020
|
|
Trade names
|
$
|
27,416
|
|
|
$
|
27,460
|
|
|
Other
|
4,318
|
|
|
4,329
|
|
|
Total
|
$
|
31,734
|
|
|
$
|
31,789
|
|
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization:
As of March 31, 2021, intangible assets subject to amortization relate primarily to the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-Average
Amortization
Period
|
|
Historical
Cost
|
|
Accumulated
Amortization
|
|
Net
|
|
Trade names
|
9.8 years
|
|
$
|
258,338
|
|
|
$
|
104,344
|
|
|
$
|
153,994
|
|
|
Patent and patent licenses
|
5.5 years
|
|
67,951
|
|
|
67,070
|
|
|
881
|
|
|
Customer relationships (1)
|
8.0 years
|
|
837,933
|
|
|
488,132
|
|
|
349,801
|
|
|
Other purchased intangibles
|
4.3 years
|
|
433,614
|
|
|
280,463
|
|
|
153,151
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
$
|
1,597,836
|
|
|
$
|
940,009
|
|
|
$
|
657,827
|
|
(1) Historically, the Company has amortized its customer relationship assets in a pattern that best reflects the pace at which the asset’s benefits are consumed. This pattern results in a substantial majority of the amortization expense being recognized in the first 4 to 5 years, despite the overall life of the asset.
As of December 31, 2020, intangible assets subject to amortization relate primarily to the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-Average
Amortization
Period
|
|
Historical
Cost
|
|
Accumulated
Amortization
|
|
Net
|
|
Trade names
|
10.0 years
|
|
$
|
260,715
|
|
|
$
|
100,273
|
|
|
$
|
160,442
|
|
|
Patent and patent licenses
|
5.5 years
|
|
67,980
|
|
|
66,964
|
|
|
1,016
|
|
|
Customer relationships (1)
|
8.0 years
|
|
848,875
|
|
|
471,681
|
|
|
377,194
|
|
|
Other purchased intangibles
|
4.3 years
|
|
436,352
|
|
|
265,224
|
|
|
171,128
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
$
|
1,613,922
|
|
|
$
|
904,142
|
|
|
$
|
709,780
|
|
(1) Historically, the Company has amortized its customer relationship assets in a pattern that best reflects the pace at which the asset’s benefits are consumed. This pattern results in a substantial majority of the amortization expense being recognized in the first 4 to 5 years, despite the overall life of the asset.
Amortization expense, included in general and administrative expense, approximated $48.5 million and $38.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Amortization expense is estimated to approximate $136.1 million, $134.7 million, $106.2 million, $77.7 million and $65.3 million for the remaining nine months of fiscal year 2021 through fiscal year 2025, respectively, and $137.8 million thereafter through the duration of the amortization period.
9. Debt
The Company’s debt as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consists of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
4.625% Senior Notes
|
$
|
750,000
|
|
|
$
|
750,000
|
|
|
Convertible Notes:
|
|
|
|
|
3.25% Convertible Notes
|
402,413
|
|
|
402,414
|
|
|
1.75% Convertible Notes
|
550,000
|
|
|
550,000
|
|
|
Total Notes
|
1,702,413
|
|
|
1,702,414
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paycheck Protection Program Loan
|
910
|
|
|
910
|
|
|
Less: Unamortized discount
|
(106,411)
|
|
|
(112,798)
|
|
|
Deferred issuance costs
|
(10,581)
|
|
|
(11,505)
|
|
|
Total debt
|
1,586,331
|
|
|
1,579,021
|
|
|
Less: current portion
|
(399,893)
|
|
|
(396,801)
|
|
|
Total long-term debt, less current portion
|
$
|
1,186,438
|
|
|
$
|
1,182,220
|
|
4.625% Senior Notes
On October 7, 2020, J2 Global, Inc. completed the issuance and sale of $750 million aggregate principal amount of its
4.625% senior notes due 2030 (the“4.625% Senior Notes”) in a private placement offering exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933. The Company received proceeds of $742.7 million after deducting the initial purchasers’ discounts, commissions and offering expenses. The 4.625% Senior Notes are presented as long-term debt, net of deferred issuance costs, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2021. The net proceeds were used to redeem all of its outstanding 6.0% Senior Notes due in 2025 and, remaining net proceeds were available for general corporate purposes which may include acquisitions and the repurchase or redemption of other outstanding indebtedness.
The 4.625% Senior Notes bear interest at a rate of 4.625% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15 of each year, commencing on April 15, 2021. The 4.625% Senior Notes mature on October 15, 2030, and are senior unsecured obligations of the Company which are guaranteed, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis by certain of the Company’s existing and future domestic direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Guarantors”). If J2 Global, Inc. or any of its restricted subsidiaries acquires or creates a domestic restricted subsidiary, other than an Insignificant Subsidiary (as defined in the indenture pursuant to which the 4.625% Senior Notes were issued (the “Indenture”)), after the issue date, or any Insignificant Subsidiary ceases to fit within the definition of Insignificant Subsidiary, such restricted subsidiary is required to unconditionally guarantee, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis, the Company’s obligations under the 4.625% Senior Notes.
The Company may redeem some or all of the 4.625% Senior Notes at any time on or after October 15, 2025 at specified redemption prices plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding the redemption date. Before October 15, 2023, and following certain equity offerings, the Company also may redeem up to 40% of the 4.625% Senior Notes at a price equal to 104.625% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding the redemption date. The Company may make such redemption only if, after such redemption, at least 50% of the aggregate principal amount of the 4.625% Senior Notes remains outstanding. In addition, at any time prior to October 15, 2025, the Company may redeem some or all of the 4.625% Senior Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date, plus an applicable “make-whole” premium.
The Indenture contains covenants that restrict the Company’s ability to (i) pay dividends or make distributions on the Company’s common stock or repurchase the Company’s capital stock; (ii) make certain restricted payments; (iii) create liens or enter into sale and leaseback transactions; (iv) enter into transactions with affiliates; (v) merge or consolidate with another company; and (vi) transfer and sell assets. These covenants contain certain exceptions. Restricted payments are applicable only if J2 Global, Inc. and subsidiaries designated as restricted subsidiaries have a net leverage ratio of greater than 3.5 to 1.0. In addition, if such net leverage ratio is in excess of 3.5 to 1.0, the restriction on restricted payments is subject to various exceptions, including the total aggregate amount not exceeding the greater of (A) $250 million and (B) 50.0% of EBITDA for the most recently ended four fiscal quarter period ended immediately prior to such date for which internal financial statements are available. The Company is in compliance with its debt covenants as of March 31, 2021.
As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the estimated fair value of the 4.625% Senior Notes was approximately $760.3 million and $796.9 million, and was based on recent quoted market prices or dealer quotes for the 4.625% Senior Notes which are Level 1 inputs (see Note 7 - Fair Value Measurements).
3.25% Convertible Notes
On June 10, 2014, J2 Global issued $402.5 million aggregate principal amount of 3.25% convertible senior notes due June 15, 2029 (the “3.25% Convertible Notes”). The 3.25% Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 3.25% per annum, payable semiannually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year. Beginning with the six-month interest period commencing on June 15, 2021, the Company must pay contingent interest on the 3.25% Convertible Notes during any six-month interest period if the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of the 3.25% Convertible Notes for each of the five trading days immediately preceding the first day of such interest period equals or exceeds $1,300. Any contingent interest payable on the 3.25% Convertible Notes will be in addition to the regular interest payable on the 3.25% Convertible Notes.
Holders may surrender their 3.25% Convertible Notes for conversion at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date only if one or more of the following conditions is satisfied: (i) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on September 30, 2014 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the closing sale price of J2 Global common stock for at least 20 trading days in the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the calendar quarter immediately preceding the calendar quarter in which the conversion occurs is more than 130% of the applicable conversion price of the 3.25% Convertible Notes on each such trading day; (ii) during the five consecutive business day period following any ten consecutive trading day period in which the trading price for the 3.25% Convertible Notes for each such trading day was less than 98% of the product of (a) the closing sale price of J2 Global common stock on each such trading day and (b) the applicable conversion rate on each such trading day; (iii) if J2 Global calls any or all of the 3.25% Convertible Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the business day prior to the redemption date; (iv) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events; or (v) during either the period beginning on, and including, March 15, 2021 and ending on, but excluding, June 20, 2021 or the period beginning on, and including, March 15, 2029 and ending on, but excluding, the maturity date. J2 Global will settle conversions of the 3.25% Convertible Notes by paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of J2 Global common stock or a combination thereof at J2 Global’s election. The Company currently intends to satisfy its conversion obligation by paying and delivering a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, where cash will be used to settle each $1,000 of principal and the remainder, if any, will be settled via shares of the Company’s common stock.
During the first quarter of 2021, the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock exceeded 130% of the conversion price for at least 20 trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the quarter. As a result, the 3.25% Convertible Notes were convertible at the option of the holders during the quarter beginning April 1, 2021 and ending June 30, 2021.
During the fourth quarter of 2020, the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock exceeded 130% of the conversion price for at least 20 trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the quarter. As a result, the 3.25% Convertible Notes were convertible at the option of the holders during the quarter beginning January 1, 2021 and ending March 31, 2021.
As of March 31, 2021, the conversion rate is 14.7632 shares of J2 Global common stock for each $1,000 principal amount of 3.25% Convertible Notes, which represents a conversion price of approximately $67.74 per share of J2 Global common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment for certain events as set forth in the indenture governing the 3.25% Convertible Notes, but will not be adjusted for accrued interest. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur on or prior to June 20, 2021, J2 Global will increase the conversion rate for a holder that elects to convert its 3.25% Convertible Notes in connection with such a corporate event.
J2 Global may not redeem the 3.25% Convertible Notes prior to June 20, 2021. On or after June 20, 2021, J2 Global may redeem for cash all or part of the 3.25% Convertible Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 3.25% Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. No sinking fund is provided for the 3.25% Convertible Notes.
Holders have the right to require J2 Global to repurchase for cash all or part of their 3.25% Convertible Notes on each of June 15, 2021 and June 15, 2024 at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 3.25% Convertible Notes
to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the relevant repurchase date. In addition, if a fundamental change, as defined in the indenture governing the 3.25% Convertible Notes, occurs prior to the maturity date, holders may require J2 Global to repurchase for cash all or part of their 3.25% Convertible Notes at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 3.25% Convertible Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. As a result of the Holders’ repurchase option on June 15, 2021, the net carrying value of the 3.25% Convertible Notes was classified within current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2021.
The 3.25% Convertible Notes are the Company’s general senior unsecured obligations and rank: (i) senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 3.25% Convertible Notes; (ii) equal in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future unsecured indebtedness that is not so subordinated; (iii) effectively junior in right of payment to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and (iv) structurally junior to all existing and future indebtedness (including trade payables) incurred by the Company’s subsidiaries.
Accounting for the 3.25% Convertible Notes
In accordance with ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options, convertible debt that can be settled for cash is required to be separated into the liability and equity component at issuance, with each component assigned a value. The value assigned to the liability component is the estimated fair value, as of the issuance date, of similar debt without the conversion feature. The difference between the cash proceeds and estimated fair value of the liability component, representing the value of the conversion premium assigned to the equity component, is recorded as a debt discount on the issuance date. This debt discount is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the period from the issuance date through the first stated repurchase date on June 15, 2021.
J2 Global estimated the borrowing rates of similar debt without the conversion feature at origination to be 5.79% for the 3.25% Convertible Notes and determined the debt discount to be $59.0 million. As a result, a conversion premium after tax of $37.7 million was recorded in additional paid-in capital. The aggregate debt discount is amortized as interest expense over the period from the issuance date through the first stated repurchase date on June 15, 2021, which management believes is the expected life of the 3.25% Convertible Notes using an interest rate of 5.81%. As of March 31, 2021, the remaining period over which the unamortized debt discount will be amortized is 0.2 years.
The 3.25% Convertible Notes are carried at face value less any unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs. The fair value of the 3.25% Convertible Notes at each balance sheet date is determined based on recent quoted market prices or dealer quotes for the 3.25% Convertible Notes, which are Level 1 inputs (see Note 7 - Fair Value Measurements). If such information is not available, the fair value is determined using cash-flow models of the scheduled payments discounted at market interest rates for comparable debt without the conversion feature. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the estimated fair value of the 3.25% Convertible Notes was approximately $682.0 million and $593.1 million, respectively.
1.75% Convertible Notes
On November 15, 2019, J2 Global issued $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.75% convertible senior notes due November 1, 2026 (the “1.75% Convertible Notes”). J2 Global received proceeds of $537.1 million in cash, net of purchasers’ discounts and commissions and other debt issuance costs. A portion of the net proceeds were used to pay off all amounts outstanding under the then-existing Credit Facility. The 1.75% Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 1.75% per annum, payable semiannually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on May 1, 2020. The 1.75% Convertible Notes will mature on November 1, 2026, unless earlier converted or repurchased.
Holders may surrender their 1.75% Convertible Notes for conversion at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding July 1, 2026 only under the following circumstances: (i) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2020 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of J2 Global common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding the calendar quarter is greater than 130% of the applicable conversion price of the 1.75% Convertible Notes on each such applicable trading day; (ii) during the five business day period following any 10 consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of J2 Global common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such trading day; or (iii)
upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after July 1, 2026, and prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. J2 Global will settle conversions of the 1.75% Convertible Notes by paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of J2 Global common stock or a combination thereof at J2 Global’s election. The Company currently intends to satisfy its conversion obligation by paying and delivering a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock. Holders of the notes will have the right to require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their notes upon the occurrence of certain corporate events, subject to certain conditions. During the first quarter of 2021 and the fourth quarter of 2020, the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock did not meet the conversion price threshold requirements of the 1.75% Convertible Notes. Therefore, the net carrying amount of the 1.75% Convertible Notes is classified as long-term debt on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As of March 31, 2021, the conversion rate is 7.9864 shares of J2 Global common stock for each $1,000 principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes, which represents an conversion price of approximately $125.21 per share of J2 Global common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment for certain events as set forth in the indenture governing the 1.75% Convertible Notes, but will not be adjusted for accrued interest. In addition, upon the occurrence of a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” (as defined in the 1.75% Convertible Note Indenture), J2 Global will increase the conversion rate for a holder that elects to convert its 1.75% Convertible Notes in connection with such a corporate event in certain circumstances.
J2 Global may not redeem the 1.75% Convertible Notes prior to November 1, 2026, and no sinking fund is provided for the 1.75% Convertible Notes.
The 1.75% Convertible Notes are the Company’s general senior unsecured obligations and rank: (i) senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 1.75% Convertible Notes; (ii) equal in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is not so subordinated, including its existing 3.25% Convertible Notes due 2029; (iii) effectively junior to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and (iv) structurally junior to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities incurred by the Company’s subsidiaries, including the then-existing 6.0% Senior Notes due 2025.
Accounting for the 1.75% Convertible Notes
In accordance with ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options, convertible debt that can be settled for cash is required to be separated into the liability and equity component at issuance, with each component assigned a value. The value assigned to the liability component is the effective fair value, as of the issuance date, of similar debt without the conversion feature. The difference between the cash proceeds and estimated fair value of the liability component, representing the value of the conversion premium assigned to the equity component, is recorded as a debt discount on the issuance date. This debt discount is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the period from the issuance date through the maturity date of November 1, 2026.
J2 Global estimated the borrowing rates of similar debt without the conversion feature at origination to be 5.5% for the 1.75% Convertible Notes and determined the debt discount to be $118.9 million. As a result, a conversion premium after tax of $88.1 million (net of $2.8 million of the deferred issuance costs) are recorded in additional paid-in capital. The aggregate debt discount is amortized as interest expense over the period from the issuance date through the maturity date of November 1, 2026, which management believes is the expected life of the 1.75% Convertible Notes using an interest rate of 5.5%. As of March 31, 2021, the remaining period over which the unamortized debt discount will be amortized is 5.6 years.
In connection with the issuance of the 1.75% Convertible Notes, the Company incurred $12.9 million of deferred issuance costs, which primarily consisted of the underwriters’ discount, legal and other professional service fees. Of the total deferred issuance costs incurred, $10.1 million of such deferred issuance costs were attributable to the liability component and are recorded within other assets and are being amortized to interest expense through the maturity date. The unamortized balance, as of March 31, 2021, was $8.6 million. The remaining $2.8 million of the deferred issuance costs were netted with the equity component in additional paid-in capital at the issuance date.
The 1.75% Convertible Notes are carried at face value less any unamortized debt discount and issuance costs. The fair value of the 1.75% Convertible Notes at each balance sheet date is determined based on recent quoted market prices or dealer quotes for the 1.75% Convertible Notes, which are Level 1 inputs (see Note 7 - Fair Value Measurements). If such information is not available, the fair value is determined using cash-flow models of the scheduled payments discounted at market interest
rates for comparable debt without the conversion feature. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the estimated fair value of the 1.75% Convertible Notes was approximately $648.3 million and $569.7 million, respectively.
Credit Facility
On April 7, 2021, the Company entered into a $100 million Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) (see Note 18 - Subsequent Events). Subject to customary conditions, J2 may, from time to time, request increases in the commitments under the Credit Agreement in an aggregate amount up to $250 million, for a total aggregate commitment of up to $350 million. The final maturity of the Credit Facility will occur on April 7, 2026.
Paycheck Protection Program Loan
Through the 2020 acquisition of The Aberdeen Group, LLC and The Big Willow, Inc., the Company acquired $0.9 million of outstanding debt originating from the Paycheck Protection Program. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the outstanding balance approximated fair value.
10.Leases
J2 Global leases certain facilities and equipment under non-cancelable operating and finance leases which expire at various dates through 2031. Office and equipment leases are typically for terms of three to five years and generally provide renewal options for terms up to an additional five years. Some of the Company’s leases include options to terminate within one year.
In certain agreements in which the Company leases office space where the Company is the tenant, it subleases the site to various other companies through a sublease agreement.
Finance leases are not material to the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and are therefore not included in the disclosures below.
The components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating lease cost
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
7,023
|
|
|
$
|
7,104
|
|
|
Short-term lease cost
|
|
|
|
|
1,173
|
|
|
445
|
|
|
Total lease cost
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
8,196
|
|
|
$
|
7,549
|
|
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
Operating leases
|
|
|
|
|
Operating lease right-of-use assets
|
$
|
85,342
|
|
|
$
|
105,845
|
|
|
Operating lease right-of-use assets classified as assets held for sale
|
15,150
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Total operating lease right-of-use assets
|
$
|
100,492
|
|
|
$
|
105,845
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating lease liabilities, current
|
$
|
30,330
|
|
|
$
|
32,211
|
|
|
Operating lease liabilities, current classified as assets held for sale
|
2,648
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent
|
80,465
|
|
|
99,177
|
|
|
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent classified as assets held for sale
|
12,566
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Total operating lease liabilities
|
$
|
126,009
|
|
|
$
|
131,388
|
|
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
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|
|
2021
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
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|
|
|
|
Operating cash flows from operating leases
|
$
|
8,099
|
|
|
$
|
7,411
|
|
|
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
|
|
|
|
|
Operating leases
|
$
|
920
|
|
|
$
|
1,790
|
|
Other supplemental operating lease information consists of the following:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating leases:
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average remaining lease term
|
5.0 years
|
|
5.2 years
|
|
Weighted average discount rate
|
3.94
|
%
|
|
3.93
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maturities of operating lease liabilities as of March 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Leases
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year:
|
|
|
|
|
2021 (remainder)
|
$
|
25,640
|
|
|
|
|
2022
|
30,680
|
|
|
|
|
2023
|
25,072
|
|
|
|
|
2024
|
18,473
|
|
|
|
|
2025
|
10,035
|
|
|
|
|
Thereafter
|
31,319
|
|
|
|
|
Total lease payments
|
$
|
141,219
|
|
|
|
|
Less: Imputed interest
|
15,210
|
|
|
|
|
Present value of operating lease liabilities
|
$
|
126,009
|
|
|
|
Sublease
Total sublease income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $0.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively. Total estimated aggregate sublease income to be received in the future is $4.3 million.
Significant Judgments
Discount Rate
The majority of the J2 Global’s leases are discounted using the Company’s incremental borrowing rate as the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. Rates are obtained from various large banks to determine the appropriate incremental borrowing rate each quarter for collateralized loans with a maturity similar to the lease term.
Options
The lease term is generally the minimum noncancelable period of the lease. The Company does not include option periods unless the Company determined it is reasonably certain of exercising the option at inception or when a triggering event occurs.
Practical Expedients
As a practical expedient, the Company has not separated lease components from nonlease components for its real property operating leases. Certain of the Company’s leases contain nonlease components such as maintenance and certain utility costs.
In addition, the Company elected and applied the available transition practical expedients upon adoption. By electing these practical expedients, the Company did:
•not reassess whether expired or existing contracts contain leases under the new definition of a lease;
•not reassess lease classification for expired or existing leases; and
•not reassess whether previously capitalized initial direct costs would qualify for capitalization under Topic 842.
11.Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
From time to time, J2 Global and its affiliates are involved in litigation and other legal disputes or regulatory inquiries that arise in the ordinary course of business. Any claims or regulatory actions against J2 Global and its affiliates, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming and costly, and could divert significant operational resources. The outcomes of such matters are subject to inherent uncertainties, carrying the potential for unfavorable rulings that could include monetary damages and injunctive relief.
On February 17, 2011, Emmanuel Pantelakis (“Pantelakis”) filed suit against a J2 Global affiliate in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice (No. 11-50673), alleging that the J2 Global affiliate breached a contract relating to Pantelakis’s use of the Campaigner service. The J2 Global affiliate filed a responsive pleading on March 23, 2011 and responses to undertakings on July 16, 2012. On November 6, 2012, Pantelakis filed a second amended statement of claim, reframing his lawsuit as a negligence action. The J2 Global affiliate filed an amended statement of defense on April 8, 2013. Discovery has closed, with the exception of one issue. There is an anticipated trial date of September 2021.
On January 21, 2016, Davis Neurology, P.A. filed a putative class action lawsuit against two J2 Global affiliates in the Circuit Court for the County of Pope, State of Arkansas (58-cv-2016-40), alleging violations of the TCPA. The case was removed to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas (No. 4:16-cv-00682). On March 20, 2017, the District Court granted a motion for judgment on the pleadings filed by the J2 Global affiliates and dismissed all claims against the J2 Global affiliates. On July 23, 2018, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals vacated the judgment and remanded to district court with instructions to return the case to state court. On January 29, 2019, after further appeals were exhausted, the case was remanded to the Arkansas state court. On April 1, 2019, the state court granted a motion for class certification filed by the plaintiff in 2016. Because the prior removal to federal court had deprived the state court of jurisdiction, the J2 Global affiliates had not yet filed an opposition brief to the 2016 motion when the state court granted the motion. The J2 Global affiliates appealed the order. On July 15, 2019, the J2 Global affiliates removed the case to federal court pursuant to the Class Action Fairness Act of 2005. On November 26, 2019 the court denied the Plaintiff’s motion to remand. On December 20, 2019, the court granted the Plaintiff’s motion for leave to amend its complaint. On May 21, 2020, the court denied J2 Global affiliates’ motion to dismiss. On August 11, 2020, the court approved an opt-in class notice. Notice has not yet been issued and the J2 Global affiliates have moved to decertify the class. On December 2, 2020, the parties provided notice to the court that they have reached a tentative settlement in the matter, and on February 18, 2021, the parties filed a motion for preliminary approval of the class settlement, certification of a settlement class and for permission to disseminate notice.
On July 8, 2020, Jeffrey Garcia filed a putative class action lawsuit against J2 Global in the Central District of California (20-cv-06906), alleging violations of federal securities laws. J2 Global has moved to dismiss the consolidated class action complaint. The court granted the motion to dismiss and the plaintiff has filed an amended complaint.
On September 24, 2020, International Union of Operating Engineers of Eastern Pennsylvania and Delaware filed a lawsuit in the Delaware Court of Chancery (C.A. No. 2020-0819-VCL) asserting derivative claims against directors of J2 Global, Inc. and other third parties. On November 17, 2020, the court entered an order allowing Orlando Police Pension Fund to intervene as a plaintiff in the case. The lawsuit alleges violations of breach of fiduciary duty and usurpation of corporate opportunity. J2 Global and its directors and officers intend to defend against the lawsuit.
On December 11, 2020, Danning Huang filed a lawsuit in the District of Delaware (20-cv-01687-LPS) asserting derivative claims against directors of J2 Global, Inc. and other third parties. The lawsuit alleges violations of Section 14(a), Section 10(b), Section 20(a) and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as well as breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment and abuse of control. J2 Global and its directors and officers intend to defend against the lawsuit.
On March 24, 2021, Fritz Ringling filed a lawsuit in the District of Delaware (21-cv-00421-UNA) asserting derivative claims against directors of J2 Global, Inc. and other third parties. The lawsuit alleges violations of Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as well as breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment. J2 Global and its directors and officers intend to defend against the lawsuit.
J2 Global does not believe, based on current knowledge, that the foregoing legal proceedings or claims, after giving effect to existing accrued liabilities, are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. However, depending on the amount and timing, an unfavorable resolution of some or all of these matters could have a material effect on J2 Global’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows in a particular period.
The Company has accrued approximately $4.5 million in connection with potential loss contingencies relating to certain of these legal proceedings because they are considered probable by management. It is the Company’s policy to expense as incurred legal fees related to various litigations.
Credit Agreement
On April 7, 2021, the Company entered into a $100 million Credit Agreement (see Note 18 - Subsequent Events). Subject to customary conditions, J2 may, from time to time, request increases in the commitments under the Credit Agreement in an aggregate amount up to $250 million, for a total aggregate commitment of up to $350 million. The final maturity of the Credit Facility will occur on April 7, 2026.
Non-Income Related Taxes
The Company does not collect and remit sales and use, telecommunication, or similar taxes and fees in certain jurisdictions where the Company believes such taxes are not applicable or legally required. Several states and other taxing jurisdictions have presented or threatened the Company with assessments, alleging that the Company is required to collect and remit such taxes there.
The Company is currently under audit or is subject to audit for indirect taxes in various states, municipalities and foreign jurisdictions. The Company has a $23.7 million reserve established for these matters. It is reasonably possible that additional liabilities could be incurred resulting in additional expense, which could have a material impact its financial results.
12.Income Taxes
The Company’s tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of the Company’s annual effective tax rate adjusted for discrete interim period tax impacts. Each quarter the Company updates its estimated annual effective tax rate and, if the estimate changes, makes a cumulative adjustment. The Company’s effective tax rate was 9.6% and 132.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company’s decreased rate during the three months ended March 31, 2021 is primarily a result of a tax benefit recognized related to the release of a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to the impairment of certain investments. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company had an increase in the effective rate as a result of recognizing tax expense related to establishing a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to the impairment of certain investments. Income (loss) before income taxes included income from domestic operations of $19.5 million and $(18.9) million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and income from foreign operations of $39.8 million and $25.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had $58.4 million and $57.1 million, respectively, in liabilities for uncertain income tax positions. Accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are recognized in income tax expense on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations.
Cash paid for income taxes net of refunds received was $7.4 million and $6.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Certain taxes are prepaid during the year and, where appropriate, included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company’s prepaid taxes were $3.0 million and $3.0 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Income Tax Audits:
The Company is in various stages of audit by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for its 2012 through 2016 tax years. On February 24, 2021, the Company received a notice of deficiency for tax years 2012 through 2014 which disallowed certain deductions for domestic production. The Company has 90 days to respond to the notice. The Company disagrees with the notice and plans to appeal. As of March 31, 2021, the audits are ongoing.
J2 Global is under income tax audit by the California Franchise Tax Board (the “FTB”) for its tax years 2012 and 2013. The FTB, however, has suspended its audit for 2012 and 2013 pending the outcome of the IRS audit for such tax years. In August 2018, the FTB notified the Company that it will commence an audit of tax years 2015 and 2016. As of March 31, 2021, the audits are ongoing.
In June 2019, the New York State Department of Taxation and Finance (“NYS”) notified the Company that it will commence an audit for tax year 2015. In April 2020, the NYS notified the Company that it will also commence an audit for tax years 2016 and 2017. As of March 31, 2021, the audits are ongoing.
It is reasonably possible that these audits may conclude in the next 12 months and that the uncertain tax positions the Company has recorded in relation to these tax years may change compared to the liabilities recorded for these periods. If the recorded uncertain tax positions are inadequate to cover the associated tax liabilities, the Company would be required to record additional tax expense in the relevant period, which could be material. If the recorded uncertain tax positions are adequate to cover the associated tax liabilities, the Company would be required to record any excess as a reduction in tax expense in the relevant period, which could be material. However, it is not currently possible to estimate the amount, if any, of such change.
13.Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock Repurchase Program
In February 2012, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a program authorizing the repurchase of up to five million shares of the Company’s common stock through February 20, 2013 (the “2012 Program”) which was subsequently extended through February 20, 2021.
In July 2016, the Company acquired and subsequently retired 935,231 shares of J2 Global common stock in connection with the acquisition of Integrated Global Concepts, Inc. As a result of the purchase of J2 Global common stock, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a reduction in the number of shares available for purchase under the 2012 Program by the same amount.
In November 2018 and May 2019, the Company entered into Rule 10b5-1 trading plans with a broker to facilitate the repurchase program. 600,000 shares were repurchased under the share repurchase program in 2018 at an aggregate cost of $42.5 million and were subsequently retired in March 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company repurchased 197,870 shares at an aggregate cost of $16.0 million which were subsequently retired in the same year. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company repurchased 1,140,819 shares under this program at an aggregate cost of $87.5 million, which were subsequently retired in the same year. As of December 31, 2020, all the available shares were repurchased under the 2012 Program at an aggregate cost of $204.6 million (including an immaterial amount of commission fees).
On August 6, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a program authorizing the repurchase of up to ten million shares of our common stock through August 6, 2025 (the “2020 Program”) in addition to the five million shares repurchased under the 2012 Program. The Company entered into a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan and during the three month period ended March 31, 2021, the Company repurchased no shares under this program. Cumulatively at March 31, 2021, 2,490,599 shares were repurchased at an aggregate cost of $177.8 million (including an immaterial amount of commission fees) under the 2020 Program, which were subsequently retired.
Periodically, participants in J2 Global’s stock plans surrender to the Company shares of J2 Global stock to pay the exercise price or to satisfy tax withholding obligations arising upon the exercise of stock options or the vesting of restricted
stock. During the three month period ended March 31, 2021, the Company purchased 108,287 shares from plan participants for this purpose.
Dividends
No dividends were declared in during fiscal year 2021 and 2020. Future dividends are subject to Board approval. Based on the significant number of current investment opportunities within the Company’s portfolio of businesses and the historic returns from prior investments, the Board of Directors suspended dividend payments for the foreseeable future.
14.Stock Options and Employee Stock Purchase Plan
J2 Global’s share-based compensation plans include the 2015 Stock Option Plan (the “2015 Plan”) and 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”). Each plan is described below.
The 2015 Plan provides for the granting of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance share units and other share-based awards. 4,200,000 shares of J2 Global common stock are authorized to be used for 2015 Plan purposes. Options under the 2015 Plan may be granted at exercise prices determined by the Board of Directors, provided that the exercise prices shall not be less than the higher of the par value or 100% of the fair market value of J2 Global’s common stock subject to the option on the date the option is granted. As of March 31, 2021, 423,000 shares underlying options and 305,377 shares of restricted stock units were outstanding under the 2015 Plan.
All stock option grants are approved by “outside directors” within the meaning of Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m).
Stock Options
The following table represents stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2021:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Shares
|
|
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
|
|
Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (in years)
|
|
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
|
|
Outstanding at January 1, 2021
|
475,601
|
|
|
$
|
69.61
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
(15,117)
|
|
|
29.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Canceled
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at March 31, 2021
|
460,484
|
|
|
$
|
70.93
|
|
|
6.1
|
|
$
|
22,531,404
|
|
|
Exercisable at March 31, 2021
|
210,484
|
|
|
$
|
66.06
|
|
|
5.3
|
|
$
|
11,323,904
|
|
|
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2021
|
387,924
|
|
|
$
|
70.16
|
|
|
6.0
|
|
$
|
19,278,539
|
|
The total intrinsic values of options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were $1.2 million and $3.0 million, respectively.
The Company recognized $0.2 million and $0.2 million of compensation expense related to stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, unrecognized stock compensation related to non-vested stock options granted under each of the share-based compensation plans approximated $5.6 million and $5.8 million, respectively. Unrecognized stock compensation expense related to non-vested stock options granted under these plans is expected to be recognized ratably over a weighted-average period of 4.8 years (i.e., the remaining requisite service period).
Fair Value Disclosure
J2 Global uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the fair value of each option grant. The expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s common stock. The Company estimates the expected term based upon the historical exercise behavior of its employees. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with a term equal to the expected term of the option assumed at the date of grant. The Company uses an annualized dividend yield based upon the per share dividends declared by its Board of Directors. Estimated forfeiture rates were 12.23% and 11.57% as of March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
J2 Global has awarded restricted stock and restricted stock units to its Board of Directors and senior staff pursuant to certain share-based compensation plans. Compensation expense resulting from restricted stock and restricted unit grants is measured at fair value on the date of grant and is recognized as share-based compensation expense over the applicable vesting period. Vesting periods are approximately one year for awards to members of the Company’s Board of Directors, four or five years for senior staff (excluding market-based awards discussed below) and eight years for the Chief Executive Officer.
Restricted Stock - Awards with Market Conditions
J2 Global has awarded certain key employees market-based restricted stock awards pursuant to the 2015 Plan. The market-based awards have vesting conditions that are based on specified stock price targets of the Company’s common stock. Market conditions were factored into the grant date fair value using a Monte Carlo valuation model, which utilized multiple input variables to determine the probability of the Company achieving the specified stock price targets with a 20-day and 30-day lookback (trading days). Stock-based compensation expense related to an award with a market condition will be recognized over the requisite service period using the graded-vesting method regardless of whether the market condition is satisfied, provided that the requisite service period has been completed. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company awarded 73,094 and 82,112 market-based restricted stock awards, respectively. The per share weighted average grant-date fair values of the market-based restricted stock awards granted during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were $94.40 and $70.99, respectively.
The weighted-average fair values of market-based restricted stock awards granted have been estimated utilizing the following assumptions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
March 31, 2020
|
|
Underlying stock price at valuation date
|
$
|
113.27
|
|
|
$
|
91.17
|
|
|
Expected volatility
|
30.3
|
%
|
|
27.0
|
%
|
|
Risk-free interest rate
|
1.3
|
%
|
|
0.7
|
%
|
Restricted stock award activity for the three months ended March 31, 2021 is set forth below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
|
|
Nonvested at January 1, 2021
|
820,566
|
|
|
$
|
62.66
|
|
|
Granted
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Vested
|
(183,604)
|
|
|
66.10
|
|
|
Canceled
|
(480)
|
|
|
83.26
|
|
|
Nonvested at March 31, 2021
|
636,482
|
|
|
$
|
61.76
|
|
Restricted stock unit award activity for the three months ended March 31, 2021 is set forth below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
Shares
|
|
Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (in years)
|
|
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
|
|
Outstanding at January 1, 2021
|
209,784
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted
|
147,928
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vested
|
(52,335)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Canceled
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at March 31, 2021
|
305,377
|
|
|
3.9
|
|
$
|
36,602,487
|
|
|
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2021
|
193,564
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
$
|
23,200,612
|
|
The Company recognized $5.3 million and $5.6 million of compensation expense related to restricted stock, restricted stock units and market-based restricted stock for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had unrecognized share-based compensation cost of approximately $48.0 million and $38.6 million, respectively, associated with these awards. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.9 years for awards and 4.7 years for units.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Purchase Plan provides for the issuance of a maximum of two million shares of the Company’s common stock. Under the Purchase Plan, eligible employees can have up to 15% of their earnings withheld, up to certain maximums, to be used to purchase shares of J2 Global common stock at certain plan-defined dates. The price of the J2 Global common stock purchased under the Purchase Plan for the offering periods is equal to 85% of the lesser of the fair market value of a share of common stock of the Company on the beginning or the end of the offering period.
J2 Global determined that a plan provision exists which allows for the more favorable of two exercise prices, commonly referred to as a “look-back” feature. The purchase price discount and the look-back feature cause the Purchase Plan to be compensatory and the Company to recognize compensation expense. The compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company used the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the estimated fair value of the purchase right issued under the ESPP. The expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s common stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with a term equal to the expected term of the option assumed at the date of grant. The Company uses an annualized dividend yield based upon the per share dividends declared by its Board of Directors. Estimated forfeiture rates were 11.15% and 5.80% as of March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The increase in forfeiture rate comes as a result of the Purchase Plan being offered to all employees regardless of employment location.
For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, zero shares were purchased under the Purchase Plan, respectively. Cash received upon the issuance of J2 Global common stock under the Purchase Plan was zero for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of March 31, 2021, 1,404,939 shares were available under the Purchase Plan for future issuance.
The Company recognized $0.6 million and $0.5 million of compensation expense related to the Purchase Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
The compensation expense related to the Purchase Plan has been estimated utilizing the following assumptions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
March 31, 2020
|
|
Risk-free interest rate
|
0.09%
|
|
1.57%
|
|
Expected term (in years)
|
0.5
|
|
0.5
|
|
Dividend yield
|
0.00%
|
|
0.00%
|
|
Expected volatility
|
40.53%
|
|
23.95%
|
|
Weighted average volatility
|
40.53%
|
|
23.95%
|
15.Earnings Per Share
The components of basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021
|
|
2020
|
|
Numerator for basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) attributable to J2 Global, Inc. common shareholders
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
77,922
|
|
|
$
|
(6,404)
|
|
|
Net income (loss) available to participating securities (a)
|
|
|
|
|
(88)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Net income (loss) available to J2 Global, Inc. common shareholders
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
77,834
|
|
|
$
|
(6,404)
|
|
|
Denominator:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock
|
|
|
|
|
44,399,149
|
|
|
47,620,774
|
|
|
Dilutive effect of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity incentive plans (b)
|
|
|
|
|
108,703
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Convertible debt (b)(c)
|
|
|
|
|
2,224,020
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Common stock and common stock equivalents
|
|
|
|
|
46,731,872
|
|
|
47,620,774
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1.75
|
|
|
$
|
(0.13)
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1.67
|
|
|
$
|
(0.13)
|
|
(a)Represents unvested share-based payment awards that contain certain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid).
(b)For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company reported a net loss attributable to common shareholders. As a result, equity incentive awards of 40,074 and incremental shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the 3.25% and 1.75% Convertible Notes of 1,460,431 and zero, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.
(c)Represents the incremental shares issuable upon conversion of the 3.25% Convertible Notes due June 15, 2029 and 1.75% Convertible Notes due November 1, 2026 by applying the treasury stock method when the average stock price exceeds the conversion price of the Convertible Notes (see Note 9 - Debt).
For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, there were zero options outstanding, respectively, which were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common stock.
16.Segment Information
The Company’s businesses are based on the organizational structure used by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) for making operating and investment decisions and for assessing performance. The CODM views the Company as two businesses: Digital Media and Cloud Services. However, in accordance with the aggregation criteria within ASC Topic 280, J2 Global’s operating segments have been aggregated into three reportable segments: (i) Digital Media; (ii) Voice, Backup, Security, and Consumer Privacy and Protection; and (iii) Fax and Martech.
The Company’s Digital Media business is driven primarily by advertising and subscription revenues, has relatively higher sales and marketing expense and has seasonal strength in the fourth quarter. The Company’s Cloud Services business is driven primarily by subscription revenues that are relatively higher margin, stable and predictable from quarter to quarter with minor seasonal weakness in the fourth quarter.
The accounting policies of the businesses are the same as those described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 1, 2021. The Company evaluates performance based on revenue, gross margin and profit or loss from operations before income taxes, not including nonrecurring gains and losses and foreign exchange gains and losses.
Information on reportable segments and reconciliation to consolidated income from operations is as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021
|
|
2020
|
|
Revenue by reportable segment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Digital Media
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
226,874
|
|
|
$
|
162,691
|
|
|
Cloud Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fax and Martech
|
|
|
|
|
100,376
|
|
|
94,667
|
|
|
Voice, Backup, Security, and CPP
|
|
|
|
|
71,053
|
|
|
75,117
|
|
|
Cloud Services Total
|
|
|
|
|
171,429
|
|
|
169,784
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elimination of inter-segment revenues
|
|
|
|
|
(118)
|
|
|
(83)
|
|
|
Total segment revenues
|
|
|
|
|
398,185
|
|
|
332,392
|
|
|
Corporate (1)
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
398,185
|
|
|
$
|
332,393
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit by reportable segment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Digital Media
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
206,081
|
|
|
$
|
141,920
|
|
|
Cloud Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fax and Martech
|
|
|
|
|
83,795
|
|
|
82,166
|
|
|
Voice, Backup, Security, and CPP
|
|
|
|
|
50,670
|
|
|
49,258
|
|
|
Cloud Services Total
|
|
|
|
|
134,465
|
|
|
131,424
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elimination of inter-segment gross profit
|
|
|
|
|
(118)
|
|
|
(83)
|
|
|
Total segment gross profit
|
|
|
|
|
340,428
|
|
|
273,261
|
|
|
Corporate (1)
|
|
|
|
|
(65)
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
Total gross profit
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
340,363
|
|
|
$
|
273,262
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct costs by reportable segment (2):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Digital Media (3)
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
175,428
|
|
|
$
|
133,467
|
|
|
Cloud Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fax and Martech (3)
|
|
|
|
|
30,926
|
|
|
29,928
|
|
|
Voice, Backup, Security, and CPP (3)
|
|
|
|
|
40,075
|
|
|
42,556
|
|
|
Cloud Services Total
|
|
|
|
|
71,001
|
|
|
72,484
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elimination of inter-segment direct costs
|
|
|
|
|
(118)
|
|
|
(83)
|
|
|
Total segment direct costs
|
|
|
|
|
246,311
|
|
|
205,868
|
|
|
Corporate (1)
|
|
|
|
|
15,572
|
|
|
12,147
|
|
|
Total direct costs (2)
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
261,883
|
|
|
$
|
218,015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income by reportable segment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Digital Media
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
30,653
|
|
|
$
|
8,453
|
|
|
Cloud Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fax and Martech
|
|
|
|
|
52,869
|
|
|
52,238
|
|
|
Voice, Backup, Security, and CPP
|
|
|
|
|
10,595
|
|
|
6,702
|
|
|
Cloud Services Total
|
|
|
|
|
63,464
|
|
|
58,940
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total segment operating income
|
|
|
|
|
94,117
|
|
|
67,393
|
|
|
Corporate (1)
|
|
|
|
|
(15,637)
|
|
|
(12,146)
|
|
|
Total income from operations
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
78,480
|
|
|
$
|
55,247
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) Corporate includes costs associated with general and administrative and other expenses that are managed on a global basis and that are not directly attributable to any particular segment.
|
|
(2) Direct costs for each segment include other operating expenses that are directly attributable to the segment, such as employee compensation expense, local sales and marketing expenses, engineering and network operations expense, depreciation and amortization and other administrative expenses.
|
|
(3) Beginning in the third quarter of 2020, certain expenses associated with the Corporate entity that were previously allocated to the Cloud Services business and the Digital Media business for shared costs incurred by the Corporate entity were no longer allocated. Table above has been recast to remove the impact of certain expenses associated with the Corporate entity that were previously allocated to the Cloud Services and Digital Media businesses.
|
The CODM does not use Balance Sheet and Cash Flow information in connection with operating and investment decisions other than as presented for Digital Media and Cloud Services. Accordingly, the following segment information is presented for Digital Media and Cloud Services.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
Digital Media
|
$
|
1,975,836
|
|
|
$
|
2,088,397
|
|
|
Cloud Services (1)
|
1,531,624
|
|
|
1,473,398
|
|
|
Total assets from Digital Media and Cloud Services
|
3,507,460
|
|
|
3,561,795
|
|
|
Corporate
|
196,197
|
|
|
103,536
|
|
|
Total assets
|
$
|
3,703,657
|
|
|
$
|
3,665,331
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) Assets of $135.7 million, which were classified as held for sale, were included within Cloud Services at March 31, 2021 (see Note 6 - Assets Held For Sale).
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2021
|
|
2020
|
|
Capital expenditures:
|
|
|
|
|
Digital Media
|
$
|
16,819
|
|
|
$
|
15,637
|
|
|
Cloud Services
|
9,450
|
|
|
11,248
|
|
|
Total capital expenditures from Digital Media and Cloud Services
|
26,269
|
|
|
26,885
|
|
|
Corporate
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Total capital expenditures
|
$
|
26,269
|
|
|
$
|
26,885
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021
|
|
2020
|
|
Depreciation and amortization:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Digital Media
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
48,350
|
|
|
$
|
32,556
|
|
|
Cloud Services
|
|
|
|
|
17,047
|
|
|
20,839
|
|
|
Total depreciation and amortization from Digital Media and Cloud Services
|
|
|
|
|
65,397
|
|
|
53,395
|
|
|
Corporate
|
|
|
|
|
95
|
|
|
585
|
|
|
Total depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
65,492
|
|
|
$
|
53,980
|
|
J2 Global maintains operations in the U.S., Canada, Ireland, Japan and other countries. Geographic information about the U.S. and all other countries for the reporting periods is presented below. Such information attributes revenues based on jurisdictions where revenues are reported (in thousands).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021
|
|
2020
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
322,968
|
|
|
$
|
270,309
|
|
|
Canada
|
|
|
|
|
19,474
|
|
|
16,570
|
|
|
Ireland
|
|
|
|
|
15,425
|
|
|
13,003
|
|
|
All other countries
|
|
|
|
|
40,318
|
|
|
32,511
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
398,185
|
|
|
$
|
332,393
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31,
2021
|
|
December 31,
2020
|
|
Long-lived assets:
|
|
|
|
|
United States
|
$
|
844,109
|
|
|
$
|
918,125
|
|
|
All other countries
|
79,287
|
|
|
54,073
|
|
|
Total (1)
|
$
|
923,396
|
|
|
$
|
972,198
|
|
(1) Long-lived assets of $37.3 million, which were classified as assets held for sale, were included within the schedule above at March 31, 2021.
17.Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
|
|
Foreign Currency Translation
|
|
Total
|
|
Beginning balance
|
$
|
283
|
|
|
$
|
(55,089)
|
|
|
$
|
(54,806)
|
|
|
Other comprehensive income (loss)
|
—
|
|
|
(8,424)
|
|
|
(8,424)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)
|
—
|
|
|
(8,424)
|
|
|
(8,424)
|
|
|
Ending balance
|
$
|
283
|
|
|
$
|
(63,513)
|
|
|
$
|
(63,230)
|
|
There were no reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2021.
18.Subsequent Events
On April 7, 2021, J2 Global, Inc. entered into a Credit Agreement with certain lenders from time to time party thereto (collectively, the “Lenders”) and MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, collateral agent and sole lead arranger for the Lenders (the “Agent”). Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Lenders have provided J2 with a revolving credit facility of $100 million (the “Credit Facility”). Subject to customary conditions, J2 may, from time to time, request increases in the commitments under the Credit Agreement in an aggregate amount up to $250 million, for a total aggregate commitment of up to $350 million. The final maturity of the Credit Facility will occur on April 7, 2026.
On April 19, 2021, the Company announced plans to separate into two independent publicly traded companies, J2 Global, Inc. and Consensus, through a spin-off. The transaction is subject to certain conditions, including, among others, obtaining final approval from J2’s Board of Directors, receipt of a favorable ruling with respect to the tax-free nature of the transaction for favorable income tax purposes and the effectiveness of a registration statement on Form 10.
In connection with its announcement of the proposed transaction, the Company has announced its intention to call its 3.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 for redemption, which may be redeemed at the option of the Company beginning June 2021 on certain terms as set forth in the indenture for the 3.25% Convertible Senior Notes. When and if the Company calls the 3.25% Convertible Senior Notes for redemption, it will send a redemption notice in accordance with the terms of the indenture.
On April 30, 2021, in a cash transaction, the Company acquired certain assets of DailyOM, a California-based self-help e-learning platform covering fitness, meditation, relationships, spirituality, creativity, meal plans, recipes, and yoga.