By Saumya Vaishampayan 

U.S. stock futures rose Wednesday, boosted by energy shares as U.S. oil prices hit fresh five-month highs.

S&P 500 futures added four points, or 0.2%, to 2088. E-mini Dow futures rose 50 points, or 0.3%, to 17914. E-mini Nasdaq-100 futures gained three points, or 0.1%, to 4411. Changes in stock futures don't always accurately predict moves in the stock market after the opening bell.

Stock futures remained higher after a disappointing report on private-sector employment. Private payrolls in the U.S. increased by 169,000 in April, according to a report compiled by payroll processor Automatic Data Processing Inc. and forecasting firm Moody's Analytics. Economists surveyed by The Wall Street Journal had expected an increase of 205,000 jobs.

Crude-oil futures gained for the second straight session, up 2.3% to $61.81 a barrel, their highest level since December. Oil prices have surged 42% from their 2015 settlement low of $43.46 on March 17.

Oil prices buoyed energy stocks in premarket trading. Chevron Corp. was among the biggest gainers in the Dow industrials, up nearly 1% premarket. In the S&P 500, Transocean Ltd. rose 2.3% premarket.

"Oil prices have shot up pretty quickly," said David O'Malley, chief executive of Penn Mutual Asset Management, which has $20 billion under management.

"This increase back to $60 a barrel alleviates some of the fears" about what low oil prices could mean for the fracking industry and more levered energy companies, he added.

Mr. O'Malley said he expected stocks to decline for the year. "Due to stretched valuations and ultimately rising interest rates, stocks will have a hard time moving higher and will probably move a little lower," he said. Still, he expects stocks of energy, metals and mining companies to outperform the S&P 500.

Stocks fell Tuesday, with the Dow pulling back 0.8% to 17928.20. The S&P 500 declined 1.2% to 2089.46, giving up most of its gains from a two-day winning streak ended Monday. For the year, the Dow is up just 0.6% and the S&P has gained 1.5%, through Tuesday's close.

European stocks rose, with Germany's DAX up 0.5% and France's CAC 40 gaining 0.4%. Concerns about Greece's financial situation continued to weigh on government bonds. While Greece made a EUR200 million ($224 million) interest payment to the International Monetary Fund on Wednesday, on schedule, the country has a much bigger EUR750 million repayment deadline on May 12.

In commodity markets, gold futures added 0.2% to $1195.40 an ounce. Treasury prices fell, pushing the 10-year yield up to 2.193% from 2.174% on Tuesday.

Investors continued to watch first-quarter earnings. Chesapeake Energy Corp. said Wednesday it swung to a loss in the first quarter as the shale driller took a $3.6 billion write-down. Excluding the impairment and other special charges, profit came in above expectations. Shares rose 1.5% premarket.

Mylan NV said Tuesday its revenue rose a less-than-expected 9%, as foreign currency and acquisition costs weighed on results. The company affirmed its full-year outlook. Shares rose 1.2% premarket.

In other corporate news, Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc. has agreed to buy Synageva BioPharma Corp. in a cash-and-stock deal valued at $8.4 billion. Alexion shares fell 1.6%, while those of Synageva surged 131% in premarket trading.

Write to Saumya Vaishampayan at saumya.vaishampayan@wsj.com

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