Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc. (ALXN) said a clinical trial of its blood-clotting drug Soliris used to treat kidney transplant recipients failed to meet its goals.

The Phase 2 trial enrolled 102 patients who received kidney transplants from living donors. Half of the patients received Soliris, generically known as eculizumab, and a control group received standard anti-rejection care, according to Alexion. Soliris didn't provide statistically meaningful results for those who received new kidneys and needed it to help prevent antibody mediated rejection, or AMR, essentially rejecting the transplanted organ.

There are no approved therapies to treat acute AMR.

Founded in 1992 and based in New Haven, Conn., biopharmaceutical company Alexion already markets Soliris as a treatment for rare, life-threatening blood disease and kidney disorders.

Shares fell nearly 5% to $179 in recent after-hours trading. Through Wednesday's close, the company's stock was up 41% over the past 12 months.

Write to Maria Armental at maria.armental@wsj.com

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