Paul Capital is winding down its portfolio and shuttering all but one of its offices following the collapse of a planned sale to Hamilton Lane, said several people familiar with the sales process.

The firm, which buys stakes in private-equity funds, told investors it will no longer make any additional investments related to its latest fund, Paul Capital Partners X LP, according to these people. As much as $300 million of open commitments will be returned to investors, one of the people said.

Paul Capital will instead wind down its remaining portfolio, including capital already invested through Paul Capital Partners X, and close its offices with the exception of its headquarters in San Francisco, these people said. Since its founding in 1991, the firm has opened offices in New York, London, Paris, Hong Kong and São Paulo.

The collapse of a potential sale underscores the difficulty that surrounds consolidation in the private-equity industry, where complicated economics and legacy holdings can make for complex negotiations.

Some deals have managed to make it past the finish line. Last year, StepStone Group agreed to buy Greenpark Capital, which had struggled to find its footing while out raising a secondaries fund. Meanwhile, Credit Suisse Group was able to unload two of its private-equity businesses in 2013, selling its Customized Fund Investment Group to Chicago-based Grosvenor Capital Management and shedding its secondary business, CS Strategic Partners, in a sale to Blackstone Group LP.

After struggling to raise its latest fund, which launched in 2012 with a $2 billion target, Paul Capital hired Colchester Partners LLC to explore possible options for the firm. LBO Wire reported in December that Hamilton Lane, which last year acquired Shott Capital Management, was nearing an agreement to take over the business. It is unclear what caused the deal to falter.

Following the collapse of the Hamilton Lane deal, Goldman Sachs Asset Management, the secondary arm of Goldman Sachs Group Inc., briefly had been in discussions with Paul Capital, but no deal was reached, said two people with knowledge of the matter.

Amid uncertainty over its future, a number of executives have departed Paul Capital, including Todd Miller, a managing director, and Joshua Glaser, who headed investor relations. A team including Ken Macleod, John Leone, David Lippman and Julie Rahman also left the firm to join hedge-fund manager Visium Asset Management LP, though they are continuing to advise Paul Capital on its legacy health-care investment funds, according to a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Laura Kreutzer contributed to this article.

Write to Hillary Canada at hillary.canada@wsj.com, Alec Macfarlane at alec.macfarlane@wsj.com, and Michael Wursthorn at michael.wursthorn@wsj.com

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