By Brian Gormley 

U.S. medical startups raised a record $3.9 billion in venture capital in the first quarter of 2015 amid rising investor interest in biotechnology, digital health and health-care services.

The total surpassed the previous record high of $3.42 billion invested in the second quarter of 2014, according to data provider Dow Jones VentureSource. A strong market for initial public offerings, growing confidence in the success of drugs in clinical trials and acquisitions by large drug manufacturers that need to replenish their pipelines drove the investment.

"What we are seeing is a very quick steepening of the valuation curve," said Philippe Chambon, managing director of New Leaf Venture Partners, which invests in health-care startups.

Biotechnology investment accounted for most of the increase in venture funding. Investors poured $2.14 billion into biotech companies, up 72% from the first quarter of last year.

In 2014, a record 58 venture-backed biotech companies went public. That is attracting investors, including major companies and investment firms, which aren't typically active in venture capital. In January, Moderna Therapeutics Inc. said it completed a $500 million financing, the largest biotech venture round ever. The financing included hedge fund Viking Global Investors and corporate backers such as Merck Co.

The influx of capital is driving up prices of private biotech financing rounds, some investors say. Valuations also are rising because companies now have better tools to predict the success of drugs entering clinical trials. Because of research advances, companies can often use molecular markers, such as a particular gene or protein, to identify patients likely to respond to a drug.

Meanwhile, drug manufacturers are investing billions of dollars in acquisitions. In November, Johnson & Johnson acquired venture-backed Alios BioPharma Inc. for $1.75 billion in cash, for example.

Interest in digital technologies applied to health care pushed the first quarter health-care information technology total to $429 million, a 56% jump a year earlier.

Meanwhile, the $703 million pumped into health-care services financing last quarter is nearly as much as the total for all of last year. Investors sunk $762 million into such companies in 2014. This year's first-quarter total was a 515% leap from the first three months of 2014.

The jump in funding came despite declining interest in medical devices. The $624 million invested represented a 30% drop from the first quarter of 2014, the data show.

Write to Brian Gormley at brian.gormley@wsj.com

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