FRANKFURT—German pharmaceutical company Merck KGaA on Tuesday said first-quarter net profit fell 13% because of financing costs linked to its planned acquisition of Sigma-Aldrich Corp., but maintained its earnings outlook for the year.

Net profit for the period ended March 31 fell to €281.7 million ($318.58 million) from €325.2 million a year earlier.

For the full year, Merck KGaA backed its expectations that organic sales would rise slightly, that net sales would be in the range of €12.3 billion to €12.5 billion and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and one-off items would be €3.45 billion to €3.55 billion.

The outlook doesn't factor in the expected gains from Merck's planned $17 billion acquisition of U.S. laboratory testing materials group Sigma-Aldrich Corp. That deal, announced last year and expected to close this summer, is part of a larger effort by Chief Executive Karl-Ludwig Kley to shift the company away from its core pharmaceutical business and its need to discover new blockbuster drugs.

First-quarter sales rose 16% to €3.04 billion from €2.63 billion last year, driven by all businesses and helped by the consolidation of AZ Electronic Materials. The company's closely watched Ebitda before one-time items rose 5.7% to €853 million, driven by its operational performance and currency gains, it said. Analysts had forecast Ebitda before special items of €862 million in a recent poll by The Wall Street Journal.

Write to Christopher Alessi at christopher.alessi@wsj.com

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