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FORM 10-Q
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended
March 31, 2025
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ______ to ______
Commission file number1-10816
download.jpg
MGIC Investment Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Wisconsin39-1486475
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
250 E. Kilbourn Avenue53202
Milwaukee,Wisconsin(Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices) 
(414)347-6480
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered
Common stockMTGNew York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES NO x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: As of April 25, 2025, there were 237,437,433 shares of common stock of the registrant, par value $1.00 per share, outstanding.





Forward Looking and Other Statements

All statements in this report that address events, developments or results that we expect or anticipate may occur in the future are “forward looking statements.” Forward looking statements consist of statements that relate to matters other than historical fact. In most cases, forward looking statements may be identified by words such as “believe,” “anticipate” or “expect,” or words of similar import. The Risk Factors referred to in “Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors – Location of Risk Factors” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations below, may cause our actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by forward looking statements that we may make. We are not undertaking any obligation to update any forward looking statements or other statements we may make in this document even though these statements may be affected by events or circumstances occurring after the forward looking statements or other statements were made. Therefore, no reader of this document should rely on these statements being current as of any time other than the time at which this document was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 2


MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED March 31, 2025
Table of contents
Page
Consolidated Balance Sheets - March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2024
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited) - Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
Item 2
MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 3


Glossary of terms and acronyms
/ A
ARMs
Adjustable rate mortgages

ABS
Asset-backed securities

Annual Persistency
The percentage of our insurance remaining in force from one year prior.

ASC
Accounting Standards Codification

Available Assets
Assets, as designated under the PMIERs, that are readily available to pay claims, and include the most liquid investments

/ B
Book or book year
A group of loans insured in a particular calendar year

BPMI
Borrower-paid mortgage insurance

/ C
CECL
Current expected credit losses covered under ASC 326

CFPB
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

CLO
Collateralized loan obligations

CMBS
Commercial mortgage-backed securities

COVID-19 Pandemic
An outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease, later named COVID-19. The outbreak of COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization and a national emergency in the United States in March 2020

CRT
Credit risk transfer. The transfer of a portion of mortgage credit risk to the private sector through different forms of transactions and structures

/ D
DAC
Deferred insurance policy acquisition costs

Debt-to-income (“DTI”) ratio
The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of a borrower’s total debt payments to gross income

Delinquent Loan
A loan that is past due on a mortgage payment. A delinquent loan is typically reported to us by servicers when the loan has missed two or more payments. A loan will continue to be reported as delinquent until it becomes current, or a claim payment has been made. A delinquent loan is also referred to as a default

Delinquency Rate
The percentage of insured loans that are delinquent

Direct
Before giving effect to reinsurance

/ E
EPS
Earnings per share

/ F
Fannie Mae
Federal National Mortgage Association

FCRA
Fair Credit Reporting Act

FHA
Federal Housing Administration

FHFA
Federal Housing Finance Agency

FHLB
Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago, of which MGIC is a member

FICO score
A measure of consumer credit risk provided by credit bureaus, typically produced from statistical models by Fair Isaac Corporation utilizing data collected by the credit bureaus

Freddie Mac
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

/ G
GAAP
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States

GSEs
Government Sponsored Enterprise. Collectively, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac

/ H
HAMP
Home Affordable Modification Program

HARP
Home Affordable Refinance Program

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 4


Home Re Entities
Unaffiliated special purpose insurers domiciled in Bermuda that participate in our aggregate XOL Transactions through the ILN market

Home Re Transactions
Excess-of-loss reinsurance transactions with the Home Re Entities

HOPA
Homeowners Protection Act

/ I
IBNR Reserves
Loss reserves established on loans we estimate are delinquent, but for which the delinquency has not been reported to us

IIF
Insurance in force is the unpaid principal balance, either estimated by us or reported to us by mortgage servicers, for the loans we insure. In the third quarter of 2024, we updated our method for calculating the unpaid principal balance on our in force loans.

ILN
Insurance-linked notes

/ L
LAE
Loss adjustment expenses, which includes the costs of settling claims, including legal and other expenses and general expenses of administering the claims settlement process

Loan-to-value ("LTV") ratio
The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the dollar amount of the first mortgage loan to the value of the property at the time the loan became insured and does not reflect subsequent housing price appreciation or depreciation. Subordinate mortgages may also be present

Long-term debt:
5.25% Notes
5.25% Senior Notes due on August 15, 2028, with interest payable semi-annually on February 15 and August 15 of each year

Loss ratio
The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of losses incurred, net to net premiums earned

Low down payment loans or mortgages
Loans with less than 20% down payments

LPMI
Lender-paid mortgage insurance

/ M
MBS
Mortgage-backed securities

MD&A
Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

MGIC
Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation, a subsidiary of MGIC Investment Corporation

MAC
MGIC Assurance Corporation, a subsidiary of MGIC

Minimum Required Assets
The minimum amount of Available Assets that must be held under the PMIERs which is based on an insurer’s book of RIF and is calculated from tables of factors with several risk dimensions, reduced for credit given for risk ceded under reinsurance transactions, and subject to a floor of $400 million

MPP
Minimum Policyholder Position, as required under certain state requirements. The “policyholder position” of a mortgage insurer is its net worth or surplus, contingency reserve and a portion of the reserves for unearned premiums

/ N
N/A
Not applicable for the period presented

NAIC
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners

NIW
New Insurance Written, is the aggregate original principal amount of the mortgages that are insured during a period

N/M
Data, or calculation, deemed not meaningful for the period presented

NPL Settlement
The commutation of coverage on non-performing loans, which are a delinquent loans, at any stage in their delinquency

/ O
OCI
Office of the Commissioner of Insurance of the State of Wisconsin

/ P
PMI
Private Mortgage Insurance (as an industry or product type)

PMIERs
Private Mortgage Insurer Eligibility Requirements issued by each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to set forth requirements that an
MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 5


approved insurer must meet and maintain to provide mortgage guaranty insurance on loans delivered to or acquired by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, as applicable

Premium Yield
The ratio of premium earned divided by the average IIF outstanding for the period measured

Premium Rate
The contractual rate charged for coverage under our insurance policies

Primary Insurance
Insurance that provides mortgage default protection on individual loans.

Profit Commission
Payments we receive from reinsurers under each of our quota share reinsurance transactions if the annual loss ratio is below levels specified in the quota share reinsurance transaction

/ Q
QSR Transaction
Quota share reinsurance transaction with a group of unaffiliated reinsurers

2021 QSR
Our QSR transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW from 2021

2022 QSR
Our QSR transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW from 2022

2023 QSR
Our QSR transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW from 2023

2024 QSR
Our QSR transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW from 2024

2025 QSR
Our QSR transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW from 2025

2026 QSR
Our QSR transaction that will provide coverage on eligible NIW in 2026

Credit Union QSR
Our QSR transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW from credit union institutions originated from April 1, 2020 through December 31, 2025

/ R
RESPA
Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act

RIF
Risk in force, which for an individual loan insured by us, is equal to the unpaid loan principal balance, as reported to us, multiplied by the insurance coverage percentage. RIF is sometimes referred to as exposure

Risk-to-capital
Under certain state regulations, the ratio of RIF, net of reinsurance and exposure on policies currently in default and for which loss reserves have been established, to the level of statutory capital

RMBS
Residential mortgage-backed securities

/ S
State Capital Requirements
Under certain state regulations, the minimum amount of statutory capital relative to risk in force (or similar measure)

/ T
TILA
Truth in Lending Act

Traditional XOL Transaction
Excess-of-loss reinsurance transaction with a group of unaffiliated reinsurers

2020 Traditional XOL
Our XOL transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW from 2020

2022 Traditional XOL
Our XOL transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW from 2022

2023 Traditional XOL
Our XOL transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW from 2023

2024 Traditional XOL
Our XOL transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW from 2024

/ U
Underwriting expense ratio
The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of other underwriting and operating expenses, net, and amortization of DAC to net premiums written

Underwriting profit
Net premiums earned minus losses incurred, net and other underwriting and operating expenses, net

USDA
U.S. Department of Agriculture

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 6


/ V
VA
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

VIE
Variable interest entity

/ X
XOL Transactions
Excess-of-loss reinsurance transactions executed through the Home Re Transactions and the Traditional XOL Transactions
MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 7


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements

MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)NoteMarch 31, 2025December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Investment portfolio: 7 / 8
Fixed income, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost 2025 - $5,803,937; 2024 - $5,838,145)$5,542,864 $5,511,564 
Short-term, fixed income, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost 2025 - $342,118; 2024 - $339,978)342,169 340,125 
Equity securities, at fair value (cost 2025 - $16,180; 2024 - $16,146)14,915 14,762 
Other invested assets, at cost1,109 1,109 
Total investment portfolio5,901,057 5,867,560 
Cash and cash equivalents206,988 229,485 
Restricted cash and cash equivalents5,705 5,142 
Accrued investment income58,768 61,064 
Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves451,864 47,281 
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses41,847 4,197 
Premiums receivable56,273 57,536 
Home office and equipment, net34,468 35,679 
Deferred insurance policy acquisition costs11,114 11,694 
Deferred income taxes, net46,196 69,875 
Other assets160,856 157,722 
Total assets$6,535,136 $6,547,235 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities:
Loss reserves$465,033 $462,662 
Unearned premiums111,987 120,360 
Senior notes645,035 644,667 
Other liabilities173,197 147,171 
Total liabilities1,395,252 1,374,860 
Contingencies
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock ($1.00 par value, shares authorized 1,000,000; shares issued 2025 - 240,194; 2024 - 248,449; shares outstanding 2025 - 240,194; 2024 - 248,449)
240,194 248,449 
Paid-in capital1,796,475 1,808,236 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 9(236,445)(288,162)
Retained earnings3,339,660 3,403,852 
Total shareholders’ equity5,139,884 5,172,375 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$6,535,136 $6,547,235 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 8


MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)Note20252024
Revenues:
Premiums written:
Direct$276,471 $275,203 
Assumed3,538 3,416 
Ceded(44,663)(44,819)
Net premiums written235,346 233,800 
Decrease in unearned premiums, net8,373 8,844 
Net premiums earned243,719 242,644 
Investment income, net of expenses61,443 59,744 
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments 741 (8,509)
Other revenue 331 482 
Total revenues306,234 294,361 
Losses and expenses:
Losses incurred, net9,591 4,555 
Amortization of deferred insurance policy acquisition costs
1,657 2,009 
Other underwriting and operating expenses, net51,406 59,018 
Interest expense8,899 8,899 
Total losses and expenses71,553 74,481 
Income before tax234,681 219,880 
Provision for income tax49,221 45,783 
Net income$185,460 $174,097 
Earnings per share:
Basic$0.76 $0.64 
Diluted$0.75 $0.64 
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic244,147 270,314 
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted246,490 273,108 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 9


MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)Note20252024
Net income$185,460 $174,097 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Change in unrealized investment gains and losses51,671 (10,392)
Benefit plan adjustments46 539 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax51,717 (9,853)
Comprehensive income (loss)$237,177 $164,244 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 10


MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)Note20252024
Common stock
Balance, beginning of period
$248,449 $371,353 
Issuance of common stock, net under share-based compensation plans980 — 
Purchases of common stock
(9,235)— 
Balance, end of period240,194 371,353 
Paid-in capital
Balance, beginning of period1,808,236 1,808,113 
Issuance of common stock, net under share-based compensation plans(19,848)— 
Reissuance of treasury stock, net under share-based compensation plans (31,168)
Equity compensation
13
8,087 11,105 
Balance, end of period1,796,475 1,788,050 
Treasury stock
Balance, beginning of period (1,384,293)
Purchases of common stock
 (94,053)
Reissuance of treasury stock, net under share-based compensation plans 12,122 
Balance, end of period (1,466,224)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance, beginning of period(288,162)(316,281)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax51,717 (9,853)
Balance, end of period(236,445)(326,134)
Retained earnings
Balance, beginning of period3,403,852 4,593,125 
Purchases of common stock
12(217,104)— 
Net income185,460 174,097 
Cash dividends(32,548)(31,924)
Balance, end of period3,339,660 4,735,298 
Total shareholders’ equity$5,139,884 $5,102,343 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.



MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 11


MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$185,460 $174,097 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization2,694 6,485 
Deferred tax expense (benefit)9,932 6,131 
Equity compensation8,087 11,105 
Net (gains) losses on investments and other financial instruments(741)8,509 
Change in certain assets and liabilities:
Accrued investment income2,296 681 
Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves(4,583)(5,898)
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses2,350 9,341 
Premiums receivable1,263 2,466 
Deferred insurance policy acquisition costs580 745 
Loss reserves2,371 (932)
Unearned premiums(8,373)(8,844)
Return premium accrual(1,426)(2,600)
Current income taxes61,087 39,839 
Other, net(37,343)(50,588)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities223,654 190,537 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of investments(455,780)(327,757)
Proceeds from sales of investments20,737 14,841 
Proceeds from maturity of fixed income securities467,543 338,885 
Additions to property and equipment(125) 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities32,375 25,969 
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repurchase of common stock(225,176)(95,183)
Dividends paid(33,919)(33,353)
Payment of withholding taxes related to share-based compensation net share settlement(18,868)(19,046)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(277,963)(147,582)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents(21,934)68,924 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period234,627 370,644 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period$212,693 $439,568 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 12


MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2025
(Unaudited)

Note 1. Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation
MGIC Investment Corporation is a holding company which, through Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation (“MGIC”), is principally engaged in the mortgage insurance business. We provide mortgage insurance to lenders throughout the United States and to government sponsored entities to protect against loss from defaults on low down payment residential mortgage loans. MGIC Assurance Corporation (“MAC”) and MGIC Indemnity Corporation (“MIC”), insurance subsidiaries of MGIC, provide insurance for certain mortgages under Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (the “GSEs”) credit risk transfer programs. We operate as a single segment for purposes of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of MGIC Investment Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q as prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim reporting and do not include all of the other information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). These statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024 included in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K. As used below, “we,” “our” and “us” refer to MGIC Investment Corporation’s consolidated operations or to MGIC Investment Corporation, as the context requires.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying financial statements include all adjustments, consisting primarily of normal recurring accruals, necessary to fairly state our consolidated financial position and consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated. The consolidated results of operations for an interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025.

The substantial majority of our NIW has been for loans purchased by the GSEs. The current private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements ("PMIERs") of the GSEs include financial requirements, as well as business, quality control and certain transactional approval requirements. The financial requirements of the PMIERs require a mortgage insurer’s "Available Assets" (generally only the most liquid assets of an insurer) to equal or exceed its "Minimum Required Assets" (which are based on an insurer's book of risk in force, and calculated from tables of factors with several risk dimensions). Based on our application of the PMIERs, as of March 31, 2025, MGIC’s Available Assets are in excess of its Minimum Required Assets; therefore MGIC is in compliance with the PMIERs and eligible to insure loans purchased by the GSEs.

Subsequent events
We have considered subsequent events through the date of this filing.



MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 13


Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies
Prospective accounting and reporting developments
Relevant new amendments to accounting standards, which are not yet effective or adopted.

Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures: ASU 2023-09
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. This guidance for income tax disclosures requires consistent categories and greater disaggregations of information in the rate reconciliation and disclosure of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. We have evaluated the impacts the adoption of this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and determined that it will not have a material impact.

Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses: ASU 2024-03
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 requiring additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement. The new standard requires disclosures about specific expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement as well as disclosures about selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, as clarified by ASU 2025-01, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). The requirements will be applied prospectively with the option for retrospective application. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impacts the adoption of this guidance will have on our disclosures, but do not expect it to have a material impact.

Note 3. Debt
Debt obligations
The aggregate carrying value of our 5.25% Senior Notes (“5.25% Notes”) and the par value as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is presented in table 3.1 below.
Long-term debt obligation, carrying value
Table
3.1
(In thousands)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
5.25% Notes, due August 2028 (par value: $650 million)
$645,035 $644,667 

The 5.25% Notes are an obligation of our holding company, MGIC Investment Corporation.

See Note 7 - “Debt” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for additional information pertaining to our debt obligation. As of March 31, 2025, we are in compliance with our debt covenants.

Interest payments
Interest payments were $17.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 14


Note 4. Reinsurance
We have in place reinsurance agreements executed under quota share reinsurance (“QSR”) transactions and excess-of-loss (“XOL”) transactions as discussed below. The effect of all of our reinsurance transactions on our consolidated statement of operations is shown in table 4.1 below.
Reinsurance
Table
4.1
 Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Premiums earned:
Direct$284,821 $284,021 
Assumed 3,561 3,442 
Ceded:
Ceded - quota share reinsurance (1)
(29,943)(28,715)
Ceded - excess-of-loss reinsurance(14,720)(16,104)
Total ceded(44,663)(44,819)
Net premiums earned$243,719 $242,644 
Losses incurred:
Direct$16,017 $10,979 
Assumed5 29 
Ceded - quota share reinsurance(6,431)(6,453)
Losses incurred, net$9,591 $4,555 
Other Reinsurance Impacts:
Profit commission on quota share reinsurance (1)
$28,695 $24,584 
Ceding commission on quota share reinsurance11,727 10,660 
(1)Ceded premiums earned are shown net of profit commission.

Quota share reinsurance
We have entered into QSR Transactions with panels of third-party reinsurers to cede a fixed percentage of premiums earned and received and losses incurred on insurance covered by the transactions. We receive the benefit of a ceding commission equal to 20% of premiums ceded before profit commission. We also receive the benefit of a profit commission through a reduction of premiums we cede. The profit commission varies inversely with the level of losses on a “dollar for dollar” basis and can be eliminated at certain annual loss ratios as defined below. Ceded losses incurred are impacted by the delinquencies covered by our QSR Transactions, our estimates of payments that will be ultimately made on those delinquencies, and claim payments covered by our QSR Transactions.

Each of our QSR Transactions typically have annual loss ratio caps of 300% and lifetime loss ratio caps of 200%.

Table 4.2 below provides additional detail regarding our QSR Transactions.

Quota Share Reinsurance
Table4.2
Quota Share ContractCovered Policy YearsQuota Share %
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (1)
Contractual Termination Date
2020 QSR and 2021 QSR
2021
14.8 %69.0 %December 31, 2036
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR202111.1 %69.0 %December 31, 2036
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR202215.0 %57.5 %December 31, 2033
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR202215.0 %62.0 %December 31, 2033
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR202315.0 %62.0 %December 31, 2034
2023 QSR202310.0 %58.5 %December 31, 2034
2024 QSR
2024
30.0 %56.0 %
'December 31, 2035
2025 QSR
2025
40.0 %63.0 %
'December 31, 2036
Credit Union QSR 2020-202565.0 %50.0 %December 31, 2039
(1) We will receive a profit commission provided the annual loss ratio on policies covered under the transaction remains below this ratio.


MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 15


We can elect to terminate the QSR Transactions under specified scenarios without penalty upon prior written notice, including if we will receive less than 90% (80% for the Credit Union QSR Transaction) of the full credit amount under the PMIERs, full financial statement credit or full credit under applicable regulatory capital requirements for the risk ceded in any required calculation period.

Table 4.3 provides additional details regarding optional termination dates and optional reductions to our quota share percentage which can, in each case, be elected by us for a fee. Under the optional reduction to the quota share percentage, we may reduce our quota share percentage from the original percentage shown in table 4.2 to the percentage shown in table 4.3.

Quota Share Reinsurance
Table4.3
Quota Share ContractCovered Policy Years
Optional Termination Date (1)
Optional Quota Share % Reduction Date (2)
Optional Reduced Quota Share %
2020 QSR and 2021 QSR
2021
December 31, 2027
January 1, 2028
12.3% or 10%
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR
2021
December 31, 2027
January 1, 2028
9.4% or 7%
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR2022
July 1, 2025
January 1, 2025
12.5% or 10%
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR2022
July 1, 2025
January 1, 2025
12.5% or 10%
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR2023December 31, 2025January 1, 2025
12.5% or 10%
2023 QSR2023December 31, 2025January 1, 2025
8% or 7%
2024 QSR
2024
December 31, 2027
December 31, 2027
23% or 15%
2025 QSR
2025
December 31, 2027
December 31, 2027
30% or 20%
(1) We can elect early termination of the QSR Transaction beginning on this date, and semi-annually thereafter.
(2) We can elect to reduce the quota share percentage beginning on this date, and semi-annually thereafter.

We have executed a 40% QSR transaction with a group of unaffiliated reinsurers covering most of our new insurance written in 2026.

Under the terms of our QSR Transactions, ceded premiums earned, ceding commissions, profit commission, and ceded paid loss and LAE are settled net on a quarterly basis. The ceded premiums earned due, after deducting the related ceding commission and profit commission, is reported within Other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

The reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves related to our QSR Transactions was $51.9 million as of March 31, 2025 and $47.3 million as of December 31, 2024. The reinsurance recoverable balance is secured by funds on deposit from reinsurers (which does not include letters of credit), the minimum amount of which is based on the greater of 1) a reinsurer's funding requirements under PMIERs or 2) ceded reserves and unpaid losses. Each of the reinsurers under our QSR Transactions described above has an insurer financial strength rating of A- or better (or a comparable rating) by Standard and Poor's Rating Services, A.M. Best, Moody's, or a combination of the three.

Excess of loss reinsurance
We have XOL Transactions with a panel of unaffiliated reinsurers executed through the traditional reinsurance market (“Traditional XOL Transactions”) and with unaffiliated special purpose insurers (“Home Re Transactions”).

For policies covered under our Traditional XOL Transactions, we retain the first layer of the aggregate losses paid, and the reinsurers will then provide second layer coverage up to the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. We retain losses paid in excess of the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. The reinsurance coverage is subject to adjustment based on the risk characteristics of the covered loans until the initial excess of loss reinsurance coverage layer has been finalized.

We can elect to terminate our Traditional XOL Transactions under specified scenarios without penalty upon prior written notice, including if we will receive less than the full credit amount under the PMIERs, full financial statement credit or full credit under applicable regulatory capital requirements for the risk ceded in any required calculation period. The reinsurance premiums ceded under the Traditional XOL Transactions are based off the remaining reinsurance coverage levels. The reinsured coverage levels are secured by funds on deposit from reinsurers (which does not include letters of credit), the minimum amount of which is based on the greater of 1) a reinsurer's funding requirements under PMIERs or 2) ceded reserves and unpaid losses. Each of the reinsurers under our Traditional XOL Transactions has an insurer financial strength rating of A- or better (or a comparable rating) by Standard and Poor’s Rating Services, A.M. Best, Moody’s, or a combination of the three.

The Home Re Transactions are executed with unaffiliated special purpose insurers (“Home Re Entities”). For the reinsurance coverage periods, we retain the first layer of the respective aggregate losses paid, and a Home Re Entity will then provide second layer coverage up to the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. We retain losses paid in excess of the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. Subject to certain conditions, the reinsurance coverage decreases as the underlying covered mortgages amortize or are repaid, or mortgage insurance losses are paid.


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The Home Re Entities financed the coverages by issuing mortgage insurance-linked notes (“ILNs”) to unaffiliated investors in an aggregate amount equal to the initial reinsurance coverage amounts. Each ILN is non-recourse to any assets of MGIC or affiliates. The proceeds of the ILNs, which were deposited into reinsurance trusts for the benefit of MGIC, will be the source of reinsurance claim payments to MGIC and principal repayments on the ILNs.

Payment of principal on the related insurance-linked notes will be suspended and the reinsurance coverage available to MGIC under the transactions will not be reduced by such principal payments until a target level of credit enhancement is obtained or if certain thresholds or “Trigger Events” are reached, as defined in the related insurance-linked notes transaction agreement. As of March 31, 2025, there were no "Trigger Events".

Table 4.4a, 4.4b, and 4.4c provide a summary of our XOL Transactions as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Excess of Loss Reinsurance
Table 4.4a
Issue DatePolicy In force Dates
Optional Call Date (1)
Legal Maturity
2024 Traditional XOL
April 1, 2024
January 1, 2024 - December 31, 2024
January 1, 203010 years
2023 Traditional XOLApril 1, 2023January 1, 2023 - December 29, 2023January 1, 203110 years
2022 Traditional XOLApril 1, 2022January 1, 2022 - December 30, 2022January 1, 203010 years
2020 Traditional XOL
March 1, 2025
January 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020
April 1, 203010 years
Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.October 23, 2023June 1, 2022 - August 31, 2023October 25, 202810 years
Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.April 26, 2022May 29, 2021 - December 31, 2021April 25, 202812.5 years
Home Re 2021-2, Ltd.August 3, 2021January 1, 2021 - May 28, 2021July 25, 202812.5 years
Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.February 2, 2021August 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020January 25, 202812.5 years
(1) We have the right to terminate the Home Re Transactions under certain circumstances, including an optional call feature that provides us the right to terminate if the outstanding principal balance of the related insurance-linked notes falls below 10% of the initial principal balance of the related insurance-linked notes, and on any payment date on or after the respective Optional Call Date. We can elect early termination of the Traditional XOL Transactions beginning on this date, and quarterly thereafter.

Excess of Loss Reinsurance
Table 4.4b
Remaining First Layer Retention
($ in thousands)Initial First Layer Retention
March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
2024 Traditional XOL
$125,016 $124,985 $125,016 
2023 Traditional XOL70,578 70,218 70,401 
2022 Traditional XOL82,523 80,346 81,112 
2020 Traditional XOL
68,343 68,343 — 
Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.
272,961 271,268 272,269 
Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.325,589 321,918 322,566 
Home Re 2021-2, Ltd.190,159 187,889 188,211 
Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.
211,159 209,913 210,027 
Table 4.4c
Remaining Excess of Loss Reinsurance Coverage (1)
($ in thousands)
Initial Excess of Loss Reinsurance Coverage (1)
Initial Funding Percentage (2)
Funding Percentage at 3/31/2025 (2)
March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
2024 Traditional XOL
$187,220 
N/A
N/A
$187,220 $187,220 
2023 Traditional XOL96,942 
N/A
N/A87,542 91,404 
2022 Traditional XOL142,642 
N/A
N/A118,729 124,344 
2020 Traditional XOL
250,592 
N/A
N/A250,592 — 
Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.330,277 97 %96 %285,333 299,325 
Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.473,575 100 %100 %282,008 305,639 
Home Re 2021-2, Ltd. (3)
398,429 100 %88 %120,163 132,424 
Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.
398,848 100 %100 %75,906 92,019 
(1)The initial and remaining excess of loss reinsurance coverage is reduced by the applicable funding percentage.
(2)The funding percentage represents the aggregate outstanding note balances divided by the aggregate ending coverage amounts.
(3)The funding percentage on the 2021-2 was reduced from 100% after the tender offers were conducted in the fourth quarter of 2023.


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The reinsurance premiums ceded to each Home Re Entity are composed of coverage, initial expense and supplemental premiums. The coverage premiums are generally calculated as the difference between the amount of interest payable by the Home Re Entity on the remaining reinsurance coverage levels, and the investment income collected on the collateral assets held in a reinsurance trust account and used to collateralize the Home Re Entity’s reinsurance obligation to MGIC. The amount of monthly reinsurance coverage premium ceded will fluctuate due to changes in the reference rate and changes in money market rates that affect investment income collected on the assets in the reinsurance trust. As a result, we concluded that each Home Re Transaction contains an embedded derivative that is accounted for separately as a freestanding derivative. The fair values of the derivatives at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, were not material to our consolidated balance sheet and the change in fair value during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024 were not material to our consolidated statements of operations. (See Note 7 - “Investments” and Note 8 - “Fair Value Measurements”.)

At the time the Home Re Transactions were entered into, we concluded that each Home Re Entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). A VIE is a legal entity that does not have sufficient equity at risk to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or is structured such that equity investors lack the ability to make sufficient decisions relating to the entity’s operations through voting rights or do not substantively participate in gains and losses of the entity. Given that MGIC (1) does not have the unilateral power to direct the activities that most significantly affect each Home Re Entity’s economic performance and (2) does not have the obligation, outside the terms of the reinsurance agreement, to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of each Home Re Entity that could be significant to the Home Re Entity, consolidation of the Home Re Entities is not required.

We are required to disclose our maximum exposure to loss, which we consider to be an amount that we could be required to record in our statements of operations, as a result of our involvement with the VIEs under our Home Re Transactions. As of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, we did not have material exposure to the VIEs as we have no investment in the VIEs and had no reinsurance claim payments due from the VIEs under our reinsurance transactions. We are unable to determine the timing or extent of claims from losses that are ceded under the reinsurance transactions. The VIE assets are deposited in reinsurance trusts for the benefit of MGIC that will be the source of reinsurance claim payments to MGIC. The purpose of the reinsurance trusts is to provide security to MGIC for the obligations of the VIEs under the reinsurance transactions. The trustee of the reinsurance trusts, a recognized provider of corporate trust services, has established segregated accounts within the reinsurance trusts for the benefit of MGIC, pursuant to the trust agreements. The trust agreements are governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York. If the trustee of the reinsurance trusts failed to distribute claim payments to us as provided in the reinsurance trusts, we would incur a loss related to our losses ceded under the reinsurance transactions and deemed unrecoverable. We are also unable to determine the impact such possible failure by the trustee to perform pursuant to the reinsurance trust agreements may have on our consolidated financial statements. As a result, we are unable to quantify our maximum exposure to loss related to our involvement with the VIEs. MGIC has certain termination rights under the reinsurance transactions should its claims not be paid. We consider our exposure to loss from our reinsurance transactions with the VIEs to be remote.

Table 4.5 presents the total assets of the Home Re Entities as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Home Re total assets
Table4.5
(In thousands)Total VIE Assets
Home Re Entity
March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
Home Re 2023-1 Ltd.$290,619 $303,733 
Home Re 2022-1 Ltd.290,274 313,229 
Home Re 2021-2 Ltd.124,487 136,486 
Home Re 2021-1 Ltd.81,406 97,373 
The reinsurance trust agreements provide that the trust assets may generally only be invested in certain money market funds that (i) invest at least 99.5% of their total assets in cash or direct U.S. federal government obligations, such as U.S. Treasury bills, as well as other short-term securities backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. federal government or issued by an agency of the U.S. federal government, (ii) have a principal stability fund rating of “AAAm” by S&P or a money market fund rating of “Aaamf” by Moody’s as of the Closing Date and thereafter maintain any rating with either S&P or Moody’s, and (iii) are permitted investments under the applicable credit for reinsurance laws and applicable PMIERs credit for reinsurance requirements.

The total calculated PMIERs credit for risk ceded under our XOL Transactions are generally based on the PMIERs requirement of the covered policies and the attachment and detachment points of the coverage, all of which fluctuate over time. (See Note 1 - “Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation”.)

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Note 5. Litigation and Contingencies
We operate in a highly regulated industry that is subject to the risk of litigation and regulatory proceedings, including related to our claims paying practices. From time to time, we are involved in disputes and legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. In our opinion, based on the facts known at this time, the ultimate resolution of these ordinary course disputes and legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
Under ASC 450-20, until a loss associated with settlement discussions or legal proceedings becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated, we do not accrue an estimated loss. When we determine that a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated, we record our best estimate of our probable loss.


Note 6. Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding, including participating securities. Our “participating securities” are comprised of vested restricted stock and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) with non-forfeitable rights to dividends. Diluted EPS includes the components of basic EPS and also gives effect to dilutive common stock equivalents. The determination of whether components are dilutive is calculated independently for each period. We calculate diluted EPS using the treasury stock method which reflects the potential dilution that could occur if unvested RSUs result in the issuance of common stock.

Table 6.1 reconciles the numerators and denominators used to calculate basic and diluted EPS.
Earnings per share
Table
6.1
 Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)20252024
Net income - basic and diluted
$185,460 $174,097 
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
244,147 270,314 
Dilutive effect of unvested RSUs
2,343 2,794 
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
246,490 273,108 
Earnings per share:
Basic earnings per share
$0.76 $0.64 
Diluted earnings per share$0.75 $0.64 


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Note 7. Investments
Fixed income securities
Our fixed income securities classified as available-for-sale at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in tables 7.1a and 7.1b below.
Details of fixed income securities by category as of March 31, 2025
Table7.1a
(In thousands)Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized (Losses)Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$275,166 $340 $(3,812)$271,694 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions2,026,899 3,915 (165,119)1,865,695 
Corporate debt securities2,858,150 18,082 (93,465)2,782,767 
ABS180,604 2,702 (915)182,391 
RMBS375,046 4,463 (21,520)357,989 
CMBS264,095 421 (5,571)258,945 
CLOs146,537 76 (32)146,581 
Foreign government debt4,487  (587)3,900 
Commercial paper15,071   15,071 
Total fixed income securities
$6,146,055 $29,999 $(291,021)$5,885,033 
Details of fixed income securities by category as of December 31, 2024
Table7.1b
(In thousands)Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized (Losses)Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$265,349 $231 $(5,087)$260,493 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions2,065,953 2,331 (192,789)1,875,495 
Corporate debt securities2,857,627 12,593 (112,839)2,757,381 
ABS155,594 2,157 (1,234)156,517 
RMBS373,485 2,103 (25,528)350,060 
CMBS243,840 21 (7,990)235,871 
CLOs199,773 286  200,059 
Foreign government debt4,487  (689)3,798 
Commercial paper12,015   12,015 
Total fixed income securities
$6,178,123 $19,722 $(346,156)$5,851,689 
We had $12.3 million and $12.2 million of investments at fair value on deposit with various states as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, due to regulatory requirements of those state insurance departments.

In connection with our insurance and reinsurance activities within MAC and MIC, we are required to maintain assets in trusts for the benefit of contractual counterparties, which had investments at fair value of $182.8 million and $199.9 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.


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The amortized cost and fair values of fixed income securities at March 31, 2025, by contractual maturity, are shown in table 7.2 below. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Because most mortgage and asset-backed securities are not due at a single maturity date, they are listed in separate categories.
Fixed income securities maturity schedule
Table7.2
March 31, 2025
(In thousands)Amortized costFair Value
Due in one year or less$742,080 $740,345 
Due after one year through five years1,664,014 1,634,666 
Due after five years through ten years1,809,299 1,717,716 
Due after ten years964,380 846,400 
5,179,773 4,939,127 
ABS180,604 182,391 
RMBS375,046 357,989 
CMBS264,095 258,945 
CLOs146,537 146,581 
Total$6,146,055 $5,885,033 

Equity securities
The cost and fair value of investments in equity securities at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in tables 7.3a and 7.3b below.
Details of equity security investments as of March 31, 2025
Table7.3a
(In thousands)Cost
Fair Value Gains
Fair Value Losses
Fair Value
Equity securities$16,180 $23 $(1,288)$14,915 
Details of equity security investments as of December 31, 2024
Table7.3b
(In thousands)CostFair Value GainsFair Value LossesFair Value
Equity securities$16,146 $8 $(1,392)$14,762 

Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments
The net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments and the proceeds from the sale of fixed income securities classified as available-for-sale securities are shown in table 7.4 below.

Details of net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments
Table7.4Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)20252024
Fixed income securities:
Gains on sales$349 $55 
Losses on sales(29)(5,485)
Equity securities gains (losses):
Changes in fair value
120 (103)
Change in embedded derivative on Home Re Transactions(1)
301 (2,976)
Other:
Gains (losses) on sales 1 
Market adjustment (1)
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments$741 $(8,509)
Proceeds from sales of fixed income securities$20,737 $14,886 
(1) See Note 8 "Fair Value Measurements" for discussion of the embedded derivative on the Home Re Transactions.

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Other invested assets
Our other invested assets balance includes an investment in FHLB stock that is carried at cost, which due to its nature approximates fair value. Ownership of FHLB stock provides access to a secured lending facility, subject to certain conditions, which includes requirements to post collateral and to maintain a minimum investment in FHLB stock.

Unrealized investment losses
Tables 7.5a and 7.5b below summarize, for all available-for-sale investments in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by the length of time those securities have been continuously in an unrealized loss position. The fair value amounts reported in tables 7.5a and 7.5b are estimated using the process described in Note 8 - “Fair Value Measurements” to these consolidated financial statements and in Note 3 - “Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Unrealized loss aging for securities by type and length of time as of March 31, 2025
Table7.5a
Less Than 12 Months12 Months or GreaterTotal
(In thousands)Fair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$36,101 $(63)$66,902 $(3,749)$103,003 $(3,812)
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions378,830 (6,953)1,204,931 (158,166)1,583,761 (165,119)
Corporate debt securities595,473 (5,842)1,013,348 (87,623)1,608,821 (93,465)
ABS9,237 (94)37,330 (821)46,567 (915)
RMBS31,034 (379)194,501 (21,141)225,535 (21,520)
CMBS81,237 (864)136,860 (4,707)218,097 (5,571)
CLOs49,747 (32)  49,747 (32)
Foreign government debt  3,900 (587)3,900 (587)
Total$1,181,659 $(14,227)$2,657,772 $(276,794)$3,839,431 $(291,021)
Unrealized loss aging for securities by type and length of time as of December 31, 2024
Table7.5b
Less Than 12 Months12 Months or GreaterTotal
(In thousands)Fair Value
Unrealized
 Losses
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
Unrealized
 Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$37,017 $(437)$69,959 $(4,650)$106,976 $(5,087)
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions409,406 (5,621)1,195,869 (187,168)1,605,275 (192,789)
Corporate debt securities852,752 (10,334)1,051,862 (102,505)1,904,614 (112,839)
ABS20,090 (184)49,640 (1,050)69,730 (1,234)
RMBS171,654 (5,498)151,893 (20,030)323,547 (25,528)
CMBS77,567 (1,774)151,188 (6,216)228,755 (7,990)
Foreign government debt  3,798 (689)3,798 (689)
Total$1,568,486 $(23,848)$2,674,209 $(322,308)$4,242,695 $(346,156)

There were 986 and 1,020 securities in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Based on current facts and circumstances, we believe the unrealized losses as of March 31, 2025 presented in table 7.5a above are not indicative of the ultimate collectability of the par value of the securities. The unrealized losses in all categories of our investments at March 31, 2025 were primarily caused by an increase in prevailing interest rates. We also rely upon estimates of several credit and non-credit factors in our review and evaluation of individual investments to determine whether a credit impairment exists. All of the securities in an unrealized loss position are current with respect to their interest obligations.


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Note 8. Fair Value Measurements
Recurring fair value measurements
The following describes the valuation methodologies generally used by the independent pricing sources, or by us, to measure financial instruments at fair value, including the general classification of such financial instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

Fixed income securities:
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies: Securities with valuations derived from quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets that we can access are categorized in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Securities valued by surveying the dealer community, obtaining relevant trade data, benchmark quotes and spreads and incorporating this information in the valuation process are categorized as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Corporate Debt Securities are valued by obtaining relevant trade data, benchmark quotes and spreads and broker/dealer quotes and incorporating this information into the valuation process. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Obligations of U.S. States & Political Subdivisions are valued by tracking, capturing, and analyzing quotes for active issues and trades reported via the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board records. Daily briefings and reviews of current economic conditions, trading levels, spread relationships, and the slope of the yield curve provide further data for evaluation. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities ("RMBS") are valued by monitoring interest rate movements, and other pertinent data daily. Incoming market data is enriched to derive spread, yield and/or price data as appropriate, enabling known data points to be extrapolated for valuation application across a range of related securities. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities ("CMBS") are valued using techniques that reflect market participants’ assumptions and maximize the use of relevant observable inputs including quoted prices for similar assets, benchmark yield curves and market corroborated inputs. Evaluation uses regular reviews of the inputs for securities covered, including executed trades, broker quotes, credit information, collateral attributes and/or cash flow waterfall as applicable. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Asset-Backed Securities ("ABS") are valued using spreads and other information solicited from market buy-and-sell-side sources, including primary and secondary dealers, portfolio managers, and research analysts. Cash flows are generated for each tranche, benchmark yields are determined, and deal collateral performance and tranche level attributes including trade activity, bids, and offers are applied, resulting in tranche specific prices. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Collateralized loan obligations ("CLOs") are valued by evaluating manager rating, seniority in the capital structure, assumptions about prepayment, default and recovery and their impact on cash flow generation. Loan level net asset values are determined and aggregated for tranches and as a final step prices are checked against available recent trade activity. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Foreign government debt is valued by surveying the dealer community, obtaining relevant trade data, benchmark quotes and spreads and incorporating this information into the valuation process. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Commercial Paper, with an original maturity greater than 90 days, is valued using market data for comparable instruments of similar maturity and average yields. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Equity securities: Consist of actively traded, exchange-listed equity securities, including exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) and Bond Mutual Funds, with valuations derived from quoted prices for identical assets in active markets that we can access. These securities are valued in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.
Cash Equivalents: Consist of money market funds and treasury bills with valuations derived from quoted prices for identical assets in active markets that we can access. These securities are valued in level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Instruments in this category valued using market data for comparable instruments are classified as level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.




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Assets measured at fair value, by hierarchy level, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in tables 8.1a and 8.1b below. The fair value of the assets is estimated using the process described above, and more fully in Note 3 - “Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Assets carried at fair value by hierarchy level as of March 31, 2025
Table8.1a
(In thousands)Total Fair Value
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$271,694 $238,854 $32,840 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions1,865,695  1,865,695 
Corporate debt securities2,782,767  2,782,767 
ABS182,391  182,391 
RMBS357,989  357,989 
CMBS258,945  258,945 
CLOs146,581  146,581 
Foreign government debt3,900  3,900 
Commercial paper15,071  15,071 
Total fixed income securities5,885,033 238,854 5,646,179 
Equity securities14,915 14,915  
Cash equivalents (1)
209,501 200,260 9,241 
Total$6,109,449 $454,029 $5,655,420 
Assets carried at fair value by hierarchy level as of December 31, 2024
Table8.1b
(In thousands)Total Fair Value
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$260,493 $220,369 $40,124 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions1,875,495  1,875,495 
Corporate debt securities2,757,381  2,757,381 
ABS156,517  156,517 
RMBS350,060  350,060 
CMBS235,871  235,871 
CLOs200,059  200,059 
Foreign government debt3,798  3,798 
Commercial paper12,015  12,015 
Total fixed income securities5,851,689 220,369 5,631,320 
Equity securities14,762 14,762  
Cash equivalents (1)
230,156 219,943 10,213 
Total$6,096,607 $455,074 $5,641,533 
(1) Includes restricted cash equivalents
Certain financial instruments, including insurance contracts, are excluded from these fair value disclosure requirements. Additional fair value disclosures related to our investment portfolio are included in Note 7 – “Investments.”

In addition to the assets carried at fair value discussed above, we have embedded derivatives carried at fair value related to our Home Re Transactions that are classified as “Other liabilities” or “Other assets” in our consolidated balance sheets. The estimated fair value related to our embedded derivatives reflects the present value impact of the variation in investment income on the assets held by the reinsurance trusts and the contractual reference rate on the Home Re Transactions used to calculate the reinsurance premiums we estimate we will pay over the estimated remaining life. These liabilities or assets are categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair value of the embedded derivatives was a liability of $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively. (See Note 4 - "Reinsurance" for more information about our reinsurance programs.)

Real estate acquired through claim settlement is carried at fair values and is reported in “Other assets” on the consolidated balance sheet. These assets are categorized as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, purchases of real estate acquired were $0.7 million and $1.0 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, sales of real estate acquired were $1.1 million and zero, respectively.

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Financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value
Other invested assets include an investment in FHLB stock that is carried at cost, which due to restrictions that require it to be redeemed or sold only to the security issuer at par value, approximates fair value. The fair value of other invested assets is categorized as Level 2.
Financial liabilities include our outstanding debt obligation. The fair value of our 5.25% Notes was based on observable market prices and is categorized as level 2.
Table 8.2 presents the carrying value and fair value of our financial assets and liabilities disclosed, but not carried, at fair value at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value
Table8.2
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
(In thousands)Carrying ValueFair ValueCarrying ValueFair Value
Financial assets
Other invested assets$1,109 $1,109 $1,109 $1,109 
Financial liabilities
5.25% Senior Notes645,035 643,689 644,667 636,883 

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Note 9. Other Comprehensive Income
The pretax and related income tax benefit (expense) components of our other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are included in table 9.1 below.
Components of other comprehensive income (loss)
Table
9.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)2025
2024
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) arising during the period$65,406 $(13,154)
Total income tax benefit (expense)(13,735)2,762 
Net of tax
51,671 (10,392)
Net changes in benefit plan assets and obligations58 682 
Total income tax benefit (expense)(12)(143)
Net of tax
46 539 
Total other comprehensive income (loss)$65,464 (12,472)
Total income tax benefit (expense)(13,747)2,619 
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax$51,717 $(9,853)

The pretax and related income tax benefit (expense) components of the amounts reclassified from our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) to our consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are included in table 9.2 below.
Reclassifications from AOCI
Table
9.2
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)2025
2024
Reclassification adjustment for net realized (losses) gains (1)
$(5,981)$(9,973)
Income tax benefit (expense)1,256 2,094 
Net of tax
(4,725)(7,879)
Reclassification adjustment related to benefit plan assets and obligations (2)
(58)(682)
Income tax benefit (expense)12 143 
Net of tax
(46)(539)
Total reclassifications(6,039)(10,655)
Income tax benefit (expense)1,268 2,237 
Total reclassifications, net of tax$(4,771)$(8,418)
(1)Increases (decreases) Net realized investment gains (losses) on the consolidated statements of operations.
(2)Decreases (increases) Other underwriting and operating expenses, net on the consolidated statements of operations.

A rollforward of AOCI for the three months ended March 31, 2025, including amounts reclassified from AOCI, are included in table 9.3 below.
Rollforward of AOCI
Table
9.3
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
(In thousands)Net unrealized gains and (losses) on available-for-sale securitiesNet benefit plan assets and (obligations) recognized in shareholders' equityTotal accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance at December 31, 2024, net of tax$(257,878)$(30,284)$(288,162)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications46,946  46,946 
Less: Amounts reclassified from AOCI(4,725)(46)(4,771)
Balance, March 31, 2025, net of tax$(206,207)$(30,238)$(236,445)


MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 26


Note 10. Benefit Plans
We have a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan, as well as a supplemental executive retirement plan that covered eligible employees through December 31, 2022. Effective January 1, 2023, these plans were frozen (no future benefits will be accrued for participants due to employment and no new participants will be added). Participants in these plans were fully vested in their benefits as of December 31, 2022.
Table 10.1 provides the components of net periodic benefit cost for our pension, supplemental executive retirement and other postretirement benefit plans for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Table
10.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
Pension and Supplemental Executive Retirement PlansOther Postretirement Benefit Plans
(In thousands)2025202420252024
Company service cost$ $ $234 $417 
Interest cost3,299 3,247 311 375 
Expected return on plan assets(3,442)(3,644)(2,911)(2,494)
Amortization of:
Net actuarial losses (gains)546 523 (692)(380)
Prior service cost (credit)86 86 118 453 
Cost of settlements and curtailments    
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)$489 $212 $(2,940)$(1,629)

In the first quarter of 2025, we made a contribution to our qualified pension plan of $7.5 million.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 27


Note 11. Loss Reserves
We establish case reserves and LAE reserves on delinquent loans that were reported to us as two or more payments past due and have not become current or resulted in a claim payment. Such loans are referred to as being in our delinquency inventory. Case reserves are established by estimating the number of loans in our delinquency inventory that will result in a claim payment, which is referred to as the claim rate, and further estimating the amount of the claim payment, which is referred to as claim severity.

IBNR reserves are established for estimated losses from delinquencies we estimate have occurred prior to the close of an accounting period but have not yet been reported to us. IBNR reserves are also established using estimated claim rates and claim severities.

Estimation of losses is inherently judgmental. The conditions that affect the claim rate and claim severity include the current and future state of the domestic economy, including unemployment and the current and future strength of local housing markets; exposure on insured loans; the amount of time between delinquency and claim filing (all else being equal, the longer the period between delinquency and claim filing, the greater the severity); and curtailments and rescissions. The actual amount of the claim payments may be substantially different than our loss reserve estimates. Our estimates could be adversely affected by several factors, including a deterioration of regional or national economic conditions, including unemployment, leading to a reduction in borrowers’ income and thus their ability to make mortgage payments, the impact of past and future government initiatives and actions taken by the GSEs, and a drop in housing values which may affect borrower willingness to continue to make mortgage payments when the value of the home is below the mortgage balance. Loss reserves in future periods will also be dependent on the number of loans reported to us as delinquent.

Changes to our estimates could result in a material impact to our consolidated results of operations and financial position, even in a stable economic environment. Given the uncertainty of the macroeconomic environment, including the effectiveness of loss mitigation efforts, changes in home prices, and level of employment, our loss reserve estimates may continue to be impacted.

In considering the potential sensitivity of the factors underlying our estimate of loss reserves, it is possible that even a relatively small change in our estimated claim rate or claim severity could have a material impact on loss reserves and, correspondingly, on our consolidated results of operations even in a stable economic environment. For example, as of March 31, 2025, assuming all other factors remain constant, a $1,000 increase/decrease in the average severity reserve factor would change the loss reserve amount by approximately +/- $7 million. A one percentage point increase/decrease in the average claim rate reserve factor would change the loss reserve amount by approximately +/- $18 million.

The “Losses incurred” section of table 11.1 below shows losses incurred on delinquencies that occurred in the current year and in prior years. The amount of losses incurred relating to delinquencies that occurred in the current year represents the estimated amount to be ultimately paid on such delinquencies. The amount of losses incurred relating to delinquencies that occurred in prior years represents the difference between the actual claim rate and claim severity associated with those delinquencies resolved in the current year compared to the estimated claim rate and claim severity at the prior year-end, as well as a re-estimation of amounts to be ultimately paid on delinquencies continuing from the end of the prior year. This re-estimation of the claim rate and claim severity is the result of our review of current trends in the delinquency inventory, such as percentages of delinquencies that have resulted in a claim, the amount of the claims relative to the average loan exposure, changes in the relative level of delinquencies by geography and changes in average loan exposure.






MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 28


The “Losses paid” section of table 11.1 below shows the amount of losses paid on delinquencies that occurred in the current year and losses paid on delinquencies that occurred in prior years.

Table 11.1 provides a reconciliation of beginning and ending loss reserves as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
Development of reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses
Table
11.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Reserve at beginning of period$462,662 $505,379 
Less reinsurance recoverable47,281 33,302 
Net reserve at beginning of period415,381 472,077 
Losses incurred:
Losses and LAE incurred in respect of delinquency notices received in:
Current year59,497 53,436 
Prior years (1)
(49,906)(48,881)
Total losses incurred9,591 4,555 
Losses paid:
Losses and LAE paid in respect of delinquency notices received in:
Current year  
Prior years11,803 11,385 
Total losses paid11,803 11,385 
Net reserve at end of period413,169 465,247 
Plus reinsurance recoverable51,864 39,200 
Reserve at end of period$465,033 $504,447 
(1)A positive number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a deficiency of prior year reserves. A negative number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a redundancy of prior year loss reserves. See the following table for more information about prior year loss reserve development.

The increase in the current year losses incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 is primarily due to an increase in estimated severity on current year delinquencies and an increase in new delinquencies reported.

The favorable loss development on previously received delinquencies for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024 primarily resulted from a decrease in the expected claim rate on previously received delinquencies. Home price appreciation experienced in recent years has allowed some borrowers to cure their delinquencies through the sale of their property.

The prior year loss reserve development for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 is shown in table 11.2 below.
Reserve development on previously received delinquencies
Table
11.2
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Increase (decrease) in estimated claim rate on primary defaults$(46,497)$(41,079)
Change in estimates related to severity on primary defaults, pool reserves, LAE reserves, reinsurance, and other(3,409)(7,802)
Total prior year loss development (1)
$(49,906)$(48,881)
(1)A positive number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a deficiency of prior year loss reserves. A negative number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a redundancy of prior year loss reserves.

Premium refunds
Our estimate of premiums to be refunded on expected claim payments is accrued for separately in “Other Liabilities” on our consolidated balance sheets and was $11.1 million and $12.5 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 29


Note 12. Shareholders’ Equity
Treasury stock
Prior to November 15, 2024, shares we repurchased were held in treasury stock unless they were reissued under the discretion of our Board of Directors. As of November 15, 2024, we retired all shares of our treasury stock, which resulted in an adjustment to retained earnings equal to the cumulative amount of repurchase price paid in excess of par value for treasury stock held as of that date. Subsequent to the retirement of the treasury stock, all shares of our common stock that we repurchase are immediately retired. Going forward, the amount of the repurchase price paid in excess of par value for repurchased shares will be recorded as an adjustment to retained earnings.

Share repurchase programs
Repurchases of our common stock may be made from time to time on the open market (including through 10b5-1 plans) or through privately negotiated transactions. In the three months ended March 31, 2025, we repurchased 9.2 million shares for $224.3 million, inclusive of commissions. In 2024, we repurchased approximately 25.3 million shares of our common stock for $566.6 million, inclusive of commissions. As of March 31, 2025, we had remaining authorization to repurchase $232.9 million through December 31, 2026, under a share repurchase program approved by the Board of Directors in 2024. Through April 25, 2025, we repurchased an additional 2.8 million shares totaling $65.8 million, inclusive of commissions.

In April 2025, our Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase program, authorizing us to purchase up to $750 million of common stock prior to December 31, 2027.

Cash dividends
In the first quarter of 2025, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.13 per share which totaled $32.5 million. On April 24, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend to the holders of the company’s common stock of $0.13 per share payable on May 21, 2025, to shareholders of record on May 8, 2025.


Note 13. Share-Based Compensation
We have certain share-based compensation plans. Under the fair value method, compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the service period which generally corresponds to the vesting period. Awards under our plans generally vest over periods ranging from one to three years, although awards to our non-employee directors vest immediately. The grant date fair value of awards granted to executive officers and non-employee directors in 2025, is calculated based on the stock price as of the grant date, discounted to account for the one year post-vesting holding period to which the awards are subject.

Table 13.1 shows the number of restricted stock units (RSUs) granted to employees and non-employee directors and the weighted average fair value per share during the periods presented.
Restricted stock unit grants
Table
13.1
Three months ended March 31,
20252024
RSUs Granted
(in thousands)
Weighted Average Fair Value per Share
RSUs Granted
(in thousands)
Weighted Average Fair Value per Share
RSUs subject to performance conditions(1)337 $24.28 634 $19.81 
RSUs subject only to service conditions317 24.64 248 19.81 
Non-employee director RSUs59 24.12 76 19.81 
(1)Shares granted are subject to performance conditions under which the target number of shares granted may vest from 0% to 200%.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 30


Note 14. Statutory Information
Statutory Capital Requirements
The insurance laws of 16 jurisdictions, including Wisconsin, our domiciliary state, require a mortgage insurer to maintain a minimum amount of statutory capital relative to the RIF (or a similar measure) in order for the mortgage insurer to continue to write new business. We refer to these requirements as the “State Capital Requirements” and, together with the GSE Financial Requirements, as the “Financial Requirements.” While they vary among jurisdictions, the most common State Capital Requirements allow for a maximum risk-to-capital ratio of 25 to 1. A risk-to-capital ratio will increase if (i) the percentage decrease in capital exceeds the percentage decrease in insured risk, or (ii) the percentage increase in capital is less than the percentage increase in insured risk. Wisconsin does not regulate capital by using a risk-to-capital measure but instead requires a minimum policyholder position (“MPP”). MGIC’s “policyholder position” includes its net worth or surplus, and its contingency loss reserve. Our policyholders position was above the required MPP and our risk-to-capital ratio was below the maximum allowed by jurisdictions with State Capital Requirements at March 31, 2025.

In 2023, the NAIC adopted a revised Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Model Act. The updated Model Act includes requirements relating to, among other things: (i) capital and minimum capital requirements, and contingency reserves; (ii) restrictions on mortgage insurers’ investments in notes secured by mortgages; (iii) prudent underwriting standards and formal underwriting guidelines; (iv) the establishment of formal, internal “Mortgage Guaranty Quality Control Programs” with respect to in-force business; and (v) reinsurance and prohibitions on captive reinsurance arrangements. It is uncertain when the revised Model Act will be adopted in any jurisdiction. It is unknown whether any changes will be made by state legislatures prior to adoption, and the effect changes, if any, will have on the mortgage guaranty insurance market generally, or on our business. Wisconsin has begun the process to replace current mortgage insurance regulations with the Model Act, though it is expected that some changes will be made before formal adoption.

Dividend restrictions
MGIC is subject to statutory regulations as to payment of dividends. The maximum amount of dividends that MGIC may pay in any twelve-month period without regulatory approval by the OCI is the lesser of adjusted statutory net income or 10% of statutory policyholders’ surplus as of the preceding calendar year end. Adjusted statutory net income is defined for this purpose to be the greater of statutory net income, net of realized investment gains, for the calendar year preceding the date of the dividend or statutory net income, net of realized investment gains, for the three calendar years preceding the date of the dividend less dividends paid within the first two of the preceding three calendar years. The maximum dividend that could be paid, without regulatory approval, is reduced by dividends paid in the twelve months preceding the dividend payment date. Before making any dividend payments, we notify the OCI to ensure it does not object. In April 2025, MGIC paid a dividend of $400 million to the holding company.

Statutory Financial Information
The OCI recognizes only statutory accounting principles prescribed, or practices permitted by the State of Wisconsin for determining and reporting the financial condition and results of operations of an insurance company. The OCI has adopted certain prescribed accounting practices that differ from those found in other states. Specifically, Wisconsin domiciled companies record changes in the contingency loss reserves through their income statement as a change in underwriting deduction. As a result, in periods in which MGIC is increasing contingency loss reserves, statutory net income is reduced. The statutory net income, policyholders’ surplus, and contingency loss reserves of our insurance subsidiaries, including MGIC, are shown in table 14.1.

Financial information of our insurance subsidiaries (including MGIC)
Table 14.1
As of and for the Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Statutory net income$172,182 $72,714 
Statutory policyholders' surplus1,142,387 711,990 
Contingency loss reserves4,950,412 5,333,024 

The increase in statutory net income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with March 31, 2024 was primarily driven by a decrease in contingency reserve contribution during the period. The increase in statutory policyholders’ surplus from March 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025, is primarily due to statutory net income, offset by dividend payments to MGIC Investment Corporation.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 31


Note 15. Segment Reporting
We operate as a single reportable segment, which is defined as Mortgage Insurance. This segment generates revenue through mortgage insurance and reinsurance provided under the GSEs credit risk transfer programs. The results of our Mortgage Insurance segment are reported within our financial statements as the consolidated financial results for MGIC Investment Corporation and subsidiaries. The accounting policies of the Mortgage Insurance segment are the same as those described in Note 3 - “Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The Senior Management Oversight Committee (“SMOC”), acts as the Company's chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The CODM uses consolidated net income (loss) as the primary GAAP measure to evaluate actual financial performance versus planned financial performance and to allocate resources. The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheet as total consolidated assets.

The table below presents a disaggregation of significant segment expenses as monitored by our CODM:
Significant segment expenses
Table15.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)
20252024
Other underwriting and operating expenses net:
Employee costs
$36,960 $43,725 
Outside services (1)
7,811 8,069 
Premium taxes (2)
5,410 5,329 
Depreciation expense
943 1,140 
All other underwriting and operating (3)
282 755 
Total other underwriting and operating expenses net
$51,406 $59,018 
(1)Outside services expense generally includes expenses related to outsourced IT services and consulting services.
(2)Premium taxes are taxes paid to states and municipalities based upon the amount of premiums written.
(3)All other underwriting and operating expenses include ceding commissions (a reduction to our underwriting expenses, see Note 4 - "Reinsurance"), computer hardware and software expenses, legal, audit, insurance, and general and administrative expenses.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 32


Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Introduction
The following is management’s discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of MGIC Investment Corporation for the first quarter of 2025. As used below, “we” and “our” refer to MGIC Investment Corporation’s consolidated operations. This form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. See the “Glossary of terms and acronyms” for definitions and descriptions of terms used throughout this MD&A. Our revenues and losses could be affected by the Risk Factors referred to under “Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors” below, and they are an integral part of the MD&A.

Forward Looking and Other Statements
As discussed under “Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors” below, actual results may differ materially from the results contemplated by forward looking statements. These forward looking statements speak only as of the date of this filing and are subject to change without notice. We are not undertaking any obligation to update any forward looking statements or other statements we may make in the following discussion or elsewhere in this document even though these statements may be affected by events or circumstances occurring after the forward looking statements or other statements were made. Therefore, no reader of this document should rely on these statements being current as of any time other than the time at which this document was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.



MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 33


Overview
Summary financial results of MGIC Investment Corporation
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share data, unaudited)
20252024% Change
Selected statement of operations data
Net premiums earned$243,719 $242,644 
Investment income, net of expenses61,443 59,744 
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments
741 (8,509)109 
Losses incurred, net9,591 4,555 111 
Other underwriting and operating expenses, net51,406 59,018 (13)
Income before tax234,681 219,880 
Provision for income taxes49,221 45,783 
Net income
185,460 174,097 
Diluted income per share$0.75 $0.64 17 
Non-GAAP Financial Measures (1)
Adjusted pre-tax operating income$234,362 $225,309 
Adjusted net operating income185,208 178,386 
Adjusted net operating income per diluted share$0.75 $0.65 15 

Summary of first quarter 2025 results
Comparative quarterly results
We recorded first quarter 2025 net income of $185.5 million, or $0.75 per diluted share. Net income increased by $11.4 million from net income of $174.1 million, or $0.64 per diluted share, in the prior year. The increase is primarily due to the change in net gains and losses on investments and other financial instruments in addition to a decrease in other underwriting and operating expenses net, in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year. This was partially offset by an increase in losses incurred, net and an increase in provision for income taxes. Diluted income per share increased primarily due to an increase in net income and a decrease in the number of diluted weighted shares outstanding.

Adjusted net operating income for the first quarter 2025 was $185.2 million (Q1 2024: $178.4 million) and adjusted net operating income per diluted share was $0.75 (Q1 2024: $0.65). The increase in adjusted net operating income primarily reflects an increase in net income. The increase in adjusted net operating income per diluted share primarily reflects an increase in adjusted net operating income and a decrease in the number of diluted weighted shares outstanding.

Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments were $0.7 million, compared with $(8.5) million for the same period last year. Changes in the recognition of net realized investment gains (losses) are primarily driven by the timing of individual securities sales and such timing is influenced by such factors as market opportunities, our tax and capital profile, and overall market cycles. See Note 7 - Investments,” to our consolidated financial statements for additional discussion of net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments.

Losses incurred, net for the first quarter of 2025 were $9.6 million, compared with $4.6 million for the same period last year. While new delinquency notices added approximately $59.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulted in favorable development of approximately $49.9 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, new delinquency notices added approximately $53.4 million, offset by our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulting in favorable development of approximately $48.9 million. The favorable development for both periods primarily resulted from a decrease in the expected claim rate on previously received delinquencies. Home price appreciation experienced in recent years has allowed some borrowers to cure their delinquencies through the sale of their property.

Underwriting and other expenses, net were $51.4 million in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to $59.0 million for the same period last year. The decrease in underwriting and other expenses, net was primarily due to a decrease in employee costs. See Note 15 - Segment Reporting, to our consolidated financial statements for additional discussion of significant segment expenses.

The increase in our provision for income taxes in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily due to an increase in income before tax.


MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 34


Capital
MGIC dividend payments to our holding company
The ability of MGIC to pay dividends is restricted by insurance regulation. Amounts in excess of prescribed limits are deemed “extraordinary” and may not be paid if disapproved by the OCI. A dividend is extraordinary when the proposed dividend amount, plus dividends paid in the twelve months preceding the dividend payment date exceed the ordinary dividend level. In 2025, MGIC can pay $97 million of ordinary dividends without OCI approval, before taking into consideration dividends paid in the preceding twelve months. In the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, we did not make dividend payments to the holding company. Future dividend payments from MGIC to the holding company will continue to be determined in consultation with the board and after considering any updated estimates about our business, subject to regulatory approval. In April 2025, MGIC paid a $400 million dividend to our holding company.

Share repurchase programs
Repurchases may be made from time to time on the open market (including through 10b5-1 plans) or through privately negotiated transactions. In the three months ended March 31, 2025, and for the full year of 2024, we repurchased 9.2 million and 25.3 million shares of common stock, for $224.3 million and $566.6 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2025, we had $232.9 million of remaining authorization to repurchase our common stock through December 31, 2026 under a $750 million share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors in April 2024. As of March 31, 2025, we had approximately 240.2 million shares of common stock outstanding.

In April 2025, our Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase program, authorizing us to purchase up to $750 million of common stock prior to December 31, 2027.

Dividends to shareholders
In the first quarter of 2025, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.13 per share which totaled $32.5 million. On April 24, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend to the holders of the company’s common stock of $0.13 per share to shareholders of record on May 8, 2025.

GSEs
We must comply with a GSE’s PMIERs to be eligible to insure loans delivered to or purchased by that GSE. The PMIERs include financial requirements, as well as business, quality control and certain transaction approval requirements. The PMIERs provide that the GSEs may amend any provision of the PMIERs or impose additional requirements with an effective date specified by the GSEs. MGIC is in compliance with the PMIERs and eligible to insure loans purchased by the GSEs.

The financial requirements of the PMIERs require a mortgage insurer’s "Available Assets" (generally only the most liquid assets of an insurer) to equal or exceed its "Minimum Required Assets" (which are generally based on an insurer's book of risk in force and calculated from tables of factors with several risk dimensions, reduced for credit given for risk ceded under reinsurance agreements and subject to a floor amount). Based on our application of the PMIERs as of March 31, 2025, MGIC’s Available Assets totaled $5.9 billion, or $2.6 billion in excess of its Minimum Required Assets. In August 2024, the GSEs issued updates to the calculation of Available Assets. The updates will be implemented through a 24-month phased-in approach, with a fully effective date of September 30, 2026. If these changes were effective as of March 31, 2025, without a graduated implementation period, MGIC's Available Assets of $5.9 billion would decrease by approximately 1% or $50 million, and MGIC's PMIERs excess would be $2.5 billion.

The PMIERs generally require us to hold significantly more Minimum Required Assets for delinquent loans than for performing loans and the Minimum Required Assets required to be held increases as the number of payments missed on a delinquent loan increases.

Our reinsurance transactions enable us to earn higher returns on our Minimum Required Assets than we would without them because they generally reduce the Minimum Required Assets we must hold under PMIERs. However, reinsurance may not always be available to us, or available only on terms, or costs, that we find unacceptable.

The calculated credit for XOL Transactions under PMIERs is generally based on the PMIERs requirement of the covered loans and the attachment and detachment point of the coverage. PMIERs credit is generally not given for the reinsured risk above the PMIERs requirement. Our existing reinsurance transactions are subject to periodic review by the GSEs and there is a risk we will not receive our current level of credit in future periods for the risk ceded under them. In addition, we may not receive the same level of credit under future transactions that we receive under existing transactions. If MGIC is not allowed certain levels of credit under the PMIERs, under certain circumstances, MGIC may terminate the reinsurance transactions without penalties.

For additional information about our reinsurance transactions, see our Risk Factor titled “Reinsurance may be unavailable at current levels and prices, and/or the GSEs may reduce the amount of capital credit we receive for our reinsurance transactions.”

GSE reform
The FHFA has been the conservator of the GSEs since 2008 and has the authority to control and direct their operations. Given that the Director of the FHFA is removable by the President at will, the agency’s agenda, policies, and actions are influenced by the current administration. The increased role that the federal government has assumed in the residential housing finance system through the GSE

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 35


conservatorships may increase the likelihood that the business practices of the GSEs change, including through administration changes and actions. Such changes could have a material adverse effect on us.

It is uncertain what role the GSEs, FHA and private capital, including private mortgage insurance, will play in the residential housing finance system in the future. The timing and impact on our business of any resulting changes is uncertain. Many of the proposed changes would require Congressional action to implement and it is difficult to estimate when Congressional action would be final and how long any associated phase-in period may last.

For additional information about the business practices of the GSEs, see our Risk Factor titled “Changes in the business practices of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac ("the GSEs"), federal legislation that changes their charters or a restructuring of the GSEs could reduce our revenues or increase our losses.”

State Regulations
The insurance laws of 16 jurisdictions, including Wisconsin, our domiciliary state, require a mortgage insurer to maintain a minimum amount of statutory capital relative to its RIF (or a similar measure) in order for the mortgage insurer to continue to write new business. We refer to these requirements as the “State Capital Requirements.” While they vary among jurisdictions, the most common State Capital Requirements allow for a maximum risk-to-capital ratio of 25 to 1. A risk-to-capital ratio will increase if (i) the percentage decrease in capital exceeds the percentage decrease in insured risk, or (ii) the percentage increase in capital is less than the percentage increase in insured risk. Wisconsin does not regulate capital by using a risk-to-capital measure but instead requires a MPP. MGIC’s “policyholder position” includes its net worth or surplus and its contingency reserve.

At March 31, 2025, MGIC’s risk-to-capital ratio was 9.8 to 1, below the maximum allowed by the jurisdictions with State Capital Requirements, and its policyholder position was $3.8 billion above the required MPP of $2.2 billion. The calculation of our risk-to-capital ratio and MPP reflect full credit for the risk ceded under our reinsurance transactions. It is possible that under the revised State Capital Requirements discussed below, MGIC will not be allowed full credit for the risk ceded under such transactions. If MGIC is not allowed an agreed level of credit under either the State Capital Requirements or the PMIERs, MGIC may terminate the reinsurance transactions, without penalty.

In 2023, the NAIC adopted a revised Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Model Act. The updated Model Act includes requirements relating to, among other things: (i) capital and minimum capital requirements, and contingency reserves; (ii) restrictions on mortgage insurers’ investments in notes secured by mortgages; (iii) prudent underwriting standards and formal underwriting guidelines; (iv) the establishment of formal, internal “Mortgage Guaranty Quality Control Programs” with respect to in-force business; and (v) reinsurance and prohibitions on captive reinsurance arrangements. It is uncertain when the revised Model Act will be adopted in any jurisdiction. The provisions of the Model Act, if adopted in their final form, are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our business. It is unknown whether any changes will be made by state legislatures prior to adoption, and the effect changes, if any, will have on the mortgage guaranty insurance market generally, or on our business. Wisconsin, where MGIC is domiciled, has begun the process to replace current Mortgage Insurance regulations with the Model Act, though it is expected that some changes will be made before formal adoption.

At this time, we expect MGIC to continue to comply with the current State Capital Requirements; however, refer to our risk factor titled “State capital requirements may prevent us from continuing to write new insurance on an uninterrupted basis” for more information about matters that could negatively impact our compliance with State Capital Requirements.
Factors affecting our results
Our current and future business, results of operations and financial condition are impacted by macroeconomic conditions, such as interest rates, home prices, housing demand, level of employment, inflation, pandemics, restrictions and costs on mortgage credit, and other factors. For additional information on how our business may be impacted see our Risk Factor titled “Downturns in the domestic economy or declines in home prices may result in more homeowners defaulting and our losses increasing, with a corresponding decrease in our returns.”

The future effects of climate change on our business are uncertain. For information about possible effects, please refer to our Risk Factor titled “Pandemics, hurricanes and other disasters may adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.”
Our results of operations are affected by:

Premiums written and earned
Premiums written and earned in a year are influenced by:

NIW, which increases IIF. Many factors affect NIW, including the volume of low down payment home mortgage originations and competition to provide credit enhancement on those mortgages from the FHA, the VA, and other mortgage insurers. Other alternatives to mortgage insurance also impact NIW, including GSE programs that may reduce or eliminate the demand for mortgage insurance. NIW does not include loans previously insured by us that are modified, such as loans modified under HARP.
Cancellations, which reduce IIF. Cancellations from refinancings may occur when borrowers achieve the required amount of home equity through loan amortization, loan payoffs, or home price appreciation. Refinance-related cancellations are influenced by the

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 36


level of current mortgage interest rates compared to the mortgage coupon rates throughout the in force book, current home values relative to values when the loans in the in force book were insured and the terms on which mortgage credit is available. Policy rescissions, also cause cancellations, requiring us to return any premiums received, from the date of default, on the rescinded policies and claim payments. Cancellations of single premium policies, which are generally non-refundable, result in immediate recognition of any remaining unearned premium.
Premium rates, which vary by product type, the risk characteristics of the insured loans, competitive pressures, the percentage of coverage on the insured loans, and PMIERs capital requirements. The substantial majority of our monthly and annual mortgage insurance premiums are under premium plans for which, for the first ten years of the policy, the amount of premium is determined by multiplying the initial premium rate by the original loan balance; thereafter, the premium rate resets to a lower rate used for the remaining life of the policy. The remainder of our monthly and annual premiums are under premium plans for which premiums are determined by a fixed percentage of the loan’s amortizing balance over the life of the policy.
Premiums ceded, net of profit commission, under our QSR Transactions and premiums ceded under our XOL Transactions are primarily affected by the percentage of our IIF subject to our reinsurance transactions. The profit commission under our QSR Transactions also varies inversely with the level of ceded losses incurred on a “dollar for dollar” basis and can be eliminated at ceded loss levels higher than what we have experienced on our QSR Transactions. As a result, lower levels of losses incurred result in a higher profit commission and less benefit from ceded losses incurred; higher levels of losses incurred result in more benefit from ceded losses incurred and a lower profit commission (or for certain levels of accident year loss ratios, its elimination). (See Note 4 - “Reinsurance” to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of our reinsurance transactions.)

Premiums earned are generated by the insurance that is in force during all or a portion of the period. A change in the average IIF in the current period compared to an earlier period is a factor that will increase (when the average in force is higher) or reduce (when it is lower) premiums written and earned in the current period, although this effect may be enhanced (or mitigated) by the factors discussed above.

Investment income
Our investment portfolio is composed principally of investment grade fixed income securities. The principal factors that influence investment income are the size of the portfolio and its yield. As measured by amortized cost (which excludes changes in fair value, such as from changes in interest rates), the size of the investment portfolio is mainly a function of cash generated from (or used in) operations, such as net premiums written, investment income, net claim payments and expenses, and cash provided by (or used for) non-operating activities, such as debt or stock issuances or repurchases, and dividends.

Losses incurred
Losses incurred are the current expense that reflects claim payments, costs of settling claims, and changes in our estimates of payments that will ultimately be made as a result of delinquencies on insured loans. As explained under “Critical Accounting Estimates” in our 2024 10-K MD&A, except in the case of a premium deficiency reserve, we recognize an estimate of this expense only for delinquent loans. The level of new delinquencies has historically followed a seasonal pattern, with new delinquencies in the first half of the year lower than new delinquencies in the latter half of the year. The state of the economy, local housing markets, pandemics, natural disasters and various other factors, may result in delinquencies not following the typical pattern. Losses incurred are generally affected by:

The state of the economy, including unemployment and housing values, each of which affects the likelihood that loans will become delinquent and whether loans that are delinquent cure their delinquency.
The product mix of the in force book, with loans having higher risk characteristics generally resulting in higher delinquencies and claims.
The size of loans insured, with higher average loan amounts on delinquent loans tending to increase incurred losses.
The percentage of coverage on insured loans, with deeper average coverage on delinquent loans tending to increase incurred losses.
The distribution of claims over the life of a book. Historically, the first few years after loans are originated are a period of relatively low claims, with claims increasing substantially for several years subsequent and then declining. Annual persistency, the condition of the economy, including unemployment and housing prices, and other factors can affect this pattern. For example, a weak economy or housing value declines can lead to claims from older books increasing, continuing at stable levels or experiencing a lower rate of decline. See further information under “Mortgage insurance earnings and cash flow cycle” below.
Losses ceded under reinsurance transactions which will decrease losses incurred, net when a delinquency or an insured is covered by a reinsurance transaction. See Note 4 - “Reinsurance” to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of our reinsurance transactions.
The rate at which we rescind policies or curtail claims. Our estimated loss reserves incorporate our estimates of future rescissions of policies and curtailments of claims, and reversals of rescissions and curtailments. We collectively refer to such rescissions and denials as “rescissions” and variations of this term. We call reductions to claims “curtailments.”

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Underwriting and other expenses
Underwriting and other expenses includes items such as employee compensation, fees for professional and consulting services, depreciation and maintenance expense, and premium taxes, and are reported net of ceding commissions associated with our QSR Transactions. Employee compensation expenses are variable due to share-based compensation, changes in benefits, and changes in headcount (which can fluctuate due to volume of NIW). See Note 4 - “Reinsurance” and Note 15 - Segment Reporting to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of ceding commission on our QSR Transactions and discussion on significant segment expenses.

Interest expense
Interest expense reflects the interest associated with our outstanding debt obligation discussed in Note 3 - “Debt” to our consolidated financial statements and under “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below.

Other
Certain activities that we do not consider being part of our fundamental operating activities may also impact our results of operations and are described below.
Gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments
Fixed income securities. Investment gains and losses reflect the difference between the amount received on the sale of a fixed income security and the fixed income security’s cost basis, as well as any credit allowances and any impairments on securities we intend to sell prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis. The amount received on the sale of fixed income securities is affected by the coupon rate of the security compared to the yield of comparable securities at the time of sale.
Equity securities. Investment gains and losses reflect the periodic change in fair value.
Financial instruments. Investment gains and losses on the embedded derivative on our Home Re Transactions reflect the present value impact of the variation in investment income on assets on the insurance-linked notes held by the reinsurance trusts and the contractual reference rate used to calculate the reinsurance premiums we estimate we will pay over the estimated remaining life.

Gains and losses on debt extinguishment
Gains and losses on debt extinguishment result from discretionary activities that are undertaken to enhance our capital position, and/or improve our debt profile. Extinguishing our outstanding debt obligations early through these discretionary activities may result in gains or losses primarily driven by differences in the payment of consideration from the carrying value, and the write off of unamortized debt issuance costs on the extinguished portion of the debt.

Refer to “Explanation and reconciliation of our use of Non-GAAP financial measures” below to understand how these items impact our evaluation of our core financial performance.

Mortgage insurance earnings and cash flow cycle
In general, the majority of any underwriting profit that a book generates occurs in the early years of the book, with the largest portion of any underwriting profit realized in the first year following the year the book was written. Subsequent years of a book may result in either underwriting profit or underwriting losses. This pattern of results typically occurs because relatively few of the incurred losses on delinquencies that a book will ultimately experience typically occur in the first few years of the book, when premium revenue is highest, while subsequent years are affected by declining premium revenues, as the number of insured loans decreases (primarily due to loan prepayments) and increasing losses. The state of the economy, local housing markets, pandemics, natural disasters, and various other factors may result in delinquencies not following the typical pattern.

Cybersecurity
As part of our business, we maintain large amounts of confidential and proprietary information both on our own servers and those of cloud computing services. This includes personal information of consumers and our employees. Personal information is subject to an increasing number of federal and state laws and regulations regarding privacy and data security, as well as contractual commitments. Any failure or perceived failure by us, or by the vendors with whom we share this information, to comply with such obligations may result in damage to our reputation, financial losses, litigation, increased costs, regulatory penalties or customer dissatisfaction.

All information technology systems are potentially vulnerable to damage or interruption from a variety of sources, including by cyber attacks, such as those involving ransomware. The Company discovers vulnerabilities and regularly blocks attempts at unauthorized access to its systems, through threats such as malware and computer virus attacks, unauthorized access, system failures and disruptions. Threats have the potential to jeopardize the information processed and stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks and otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations, which could result in damage to our reputation, financial losses, litigation, increased costs, regulatory penalties or customer dissatisfaction. We could be similarly affected by threats against our vendors and/or third-parties with whom we share information.

Globally, attacks are expected to continue accelerating in both frequency and sophistication with increasing use by actors of tools, techniques, and technological advances that may hinder the Company’s ability to identify, investigate and recover from incidents. Such attacks may also increase as a result of retaliation by threat actors against actions taken by the U.S. and other countries in connection

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 38


with wars and other global events. The Company operates under a hybrid workforce model and such model may be more vulnerable to security breaches.

While we have information security policies and systems in place to secure our information technology systems and to prevent unauthorized access to or disclosure of sensitive information, there can be no assurance with respect to our systems and those of our third-party vendors that unauthorized access to the systems or disclosure of the sensitive information, either through the actions of third parties or employees, will not occur. Due to our reliance on information technology systems, including ours and those of our customers and third-party service providers, and to the sensitivity of the information that we maintain, unauthorized access to the systems or disclosure of the information could adversely affect our reputation, severely disrupt our operations, result in a loss of business and expose us to material claims for damages and may require that we provide free credit monitoring services to individuals affected by a security breach.

Should we experience an unauthorized disclosure of information or a cyber attack, including those involving ransomware, some of the costs we incur may not be recoverable through insurance, or legal or other processes, and this may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

For additional information about our IT systems and cybersecurity, see our risk factor titled “Information technology system failures or interruptions may materially impact our operations and adversely affect our financial results" and "We could be materially adversely affected by a cyber security breach or failure of information security controls."

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Explanation and reconciliation of our use of non-GAAP financial measures

Non-GAAP financial measures
We believe that use of the Non-GAAP financial measures of adjusted pre-tax operating income (loss), adjusted net operating income (loss) and adjusted net operating income (loss) per diluted share facilitate the evaluation of the company's core financial performance thereby providing relevant information to investors. These measures are not recognized in accordance with GAAP and should not be viewed as alternatives to GAAP measures of performance.

Adjusted pre-tax operating income (loss) is defined as GAAP income (loss) before tax, excluding the effects of net realized investment gains (losses), gain and losses on debt extinguishment, and infrequent or unusual non-operating items where applicable.
    
Adjusted net operating income (loss) is defined as GAAP net income (loss) excluding the after-tax effects of net realized investment gains (losses), gain and losses on debt extinguishment and infrequent or unusual non-operating items where applicable. The amounts of adjustments to components of pre-tax operating income (loss) are tax effected using a federal statutory tax rate of 21%.
    
Adjusted net operating income (loss) per diluted share is calculated in a manner consistent with the accounting standard regarding earnings per share by dividing (i) adjusted net operating income (loss) by (ii) diluted weighted average common shares outstanding, which reflects share dilution from unvested restricted stock units.

Although adjusted pre-tax operating income (loss) and adjusted net operating income (loss) exclude certain items that have occurred in the past and are expected to occur in the future, the excluded items represent items that are: (1) not viewed as part of the operating performance of our primary activities; or (2) impacted by both discretionary and other economic or regulatory factors and are not necessarily indicative of operating trends, or both. These adjustments, along with the reasons for their treatment, are described below. Trends in the profitability of our fundamental operating activities can be more clearly identified without the fluctuations of these adjustments. Other companies may calculate these measures differently. Therefore, their measures may not be comparable to those used by us.

(1)Net realized investment gains (losses). The recognition of net realized investment gains or losses can vary significantly across periods as the timing of individual securities sales is highly discretionary and is influenced by such factors as market opportunities, our tax and capital profile, and overall market cycles.
(2)Gains and losses on debt extinguishment. Gains and losses on debt extinguishment result from discretionary activities that are undertaken to enhance our capital position and/or improve our debt profile.
(3)Infrequent or unusual non-operating items. Items that are non-recurring in nature and are not part of our primary operating activities.


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Non-GAAP reconciliations
Reconciliation of Income before tax / Net income to Adjusted pre-tax operating income / Adjusted net operating income
Three Months Ended March 31,
20252024
(In thousands, except per share amounts)Pre-taxTax effectNet
(after-tax)
Pre-taxTax effectNet
(after-tax)
Income before tax / Net income$234,681 49,221 $185,460 $219,880 45,783 $174,097 
Adjustments:
Net realized investment (gains) losses(319)(67)(252)5,429 1,140 4,289 
Adjusted pre-tax operating income / Adjusted net operating income$234,362 $49,154 $185,208 $225,309 $46,923 $178,386 
Reconciliation of Net income per diluted share to Adjusted net operating income per diluted share
Weighted average diluted shares outstanding246,490 273,108 
Net income per diluted share$0.75 $0.64 
Net realized investment (gains) losses0.00 0.02 
Adjusted net operating income per diluted share$0.75 $0.65 (1)
(1) Does not foot due to rounding.

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Mortgage Insurance Portfolio
Mortgage originations
Our NIW is affected by the total mortgage originations, the percentage of total mortgage originations using PMI, and our market share within the PMI industry.

The total amount of mortgage originations is generally influenced by the level of home sales, interest rates, the percentage of homes purchased for cash, and the level of refinance activity. PMI market share of total mortgage originations is influenced by the mix of purchase and refinance originations. PMI market share is also impacted by the market share of total originations of the FHA, VA, USDA, and other alternatives to mortgage insurance, including GSE programs that may reduce or eliminate the demand for mortgage insurance.

NIW for the first quarter of 2025 was $10.2 billion (Q1 2024: $9.1 billion). The increase reflects a higher expected market position in the current year compared with the same period in the prior year. For the full year, we expect our 2025 NIW to be higher than 2024.

The percentage of our NIW with DTI ratios over 45% and LTVs over 95% will fluctuate based on the mortgage conditions that could include the percentage of NIW from purchase transactions, changes in home prices, changes in mortgage rates, and GSE activities.

The following tables present characteristics of our primary NIW for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Primary NIW by FICO score
Three Months Ended March 31,
(% of primary NIW)
20252024
760 and greater51.0 %53.4 %
740 - 75917.3 %17.0 %
720 - 73913.3 %13.3 %
700 - 7199.4 %8.4 %
680 - 6995.3 %4.6 %
660 - 6792.7 %2.2 %
640 - 6590.7 %0.7 %
639 and less0.3 %0.4 %
Total
100 %100 %
Primary NIW by loan-to-value
Three Months Ended March 31,
(% of primary NIW)20252024
95.01% and above12.9 %15.4 %
90.01% to 95.00%45.5 %44.9 %
85.01% to 90.00%29.9 %29.0 %
80.01% to 85.00%11.7 %10.7 %
Total
100 %100 %
Primary NIW by debt-to-income ratio
Three Months Ended March 31,
(% of primary NIW)20252024
45.01% and above31.1 %27.9 %
38.01% to 45.00%30.5 %31.8 %
38.00% and below38.4 %40.3 %
Total
100 %100 %
Primary NIW by policy payment type
Three Months Ended March 31,
(% of primary NIW)20252024
Monthly premiums97.3 %96.6 %
Single premiums2.7 %3.4 %
Annual premiums0.0 %0.0 %
Total
100 %100 %

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Primary NIW by type of mortgage
Three Months Ended March 31,
(% of primary NIW)20252024
Purchases94.4 %97.6 %
Refinances5.6 %2.4 %
Total
100 %100 %

We consider a variety of loan characteristics when assessing the risk of a loan. The following table provides information about loans with one or more of the following characteristics associated with our NIW: LTV ratios greater than 95%, mortgages with borrowers having FICO scores below 680, and mortgages with borrowers having DTI ratios greater than 45%, each attribute as determined at the time of loan origination.
Primary NIW by number of attributes discussed above
Three Months Ended March 31,
(% of primary NIW)20252024
One38.2 %37.1 %
Two or more4.7 %4.7 %

Insurance and risk in force
The amount of our IIF and RIF is impacted by the amount of NIW, cancellations, and principal payments received on our primary IIF during the period. Cancellation activity primarily results from loan payoff and refinancing activity, or borrowers achieving the required amount of home equity through loan amortization, principal curtailment and/or home price appreciation. Claim resolutions also impact cancellations but to a much lesser extent. Cancellations generally move inversely to the change in the direction of interest rates, although they generally lag a change in direction.

Annual Persistency
Our annual persistency was 84.7% at March 31, 2025 compared to 85.7% at March 31, 2024. Since 2018, our annual persistency ranged from a high of 86.3% at September 30, 2023 to a low of 60.7% at March 31, 2021. Our persistency rate is primarily affected by the level of current mortgage interest rates compared to the mortgage coupon rates on our IIF, which affects the vulnerability of the IIF to refinancing; and the current amount of equity that borrowers have in the homes underlying our IIF.
IIF and RIF
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In billions)20252024
NIW$10.2 $9.1 
Cancellations, principal payments, and other reductions
(11.8)(11.7)
Increase (decrease) in primary IIF$(1.6)$(2.6)
Direct primary IIF as of March 31,$293.8 $290.9 
Direct primary RIF as of March 31,$78.5 $76.8 

Credit profile of our primary RIF
Our 2009 and later books possess significantly improved risk characteristics when compared to our 2005-2008 books. Modification and refinance programs, such as HAMP and HARP, which expired at the end of 2016 and 2018, respectively, but have been replaced by other GSE modification programs, make outstanding loans more affordable to borrowers with the goal of reducing the number of foreclosures. As of March 31, 2025, loans associated with modification programs accounted for 2.9% of our total RIF, compared to 3.0% at December 31, 2024. Loans associated with 88.1% of all our modifications were current as of March 31, 2025.

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The following table sets forth certain statistics associated with our primary IIF and RIF as of March 31, 2025:
Primary insurance in force and risk in force by policy year
(in billions)
Insurance in Force (1)
Risk In Force (1)
Weighted Avg. Interest RateDelinquency Rate
Cede Rate % (2)
% of Original Remaining
Policy YearTotal% of TotalTotal% of Total
2004 and prior$1.1 0.4 %$0.3 0.4 %7.3 %12.4 %— %NM
2005-20088.5 2.9 %2.3 2.9 %7.0 %9.5 %— %3.5 %
2009-201925.4 8.7 %6.7 8.6 %4.3 %3.8 %— %6.5 %
202035.9 12.2 %9.8 12.5 %3.2 %1.4 %5.0 %31.4 %
202166.4 22.6 %18.2 23.2 %3.1 %1.8 %27.1 %56.3 %
202257.5 19.6 %15.4 19.7 %4.9 %2.0 %30.7 %77.5 %
202337.9 12.8 %9.8 12.4 %6.6 %1.3 %26.7 %82.4 %
202452.3 17.8 %13.6 17.4 %6.7 %0.5 %30.5 %93.1 %
20258.7 3.0 %2.3 2.9 %6.8 %0.0 %39.2 %99.4 %
Total$293.8 $78.5 
(1)May not foot due to rounding
(2)Cede Rate % is calculated as the risk in force ceded to our QSR transactions divided by the total risk in force.

CRT and Pool Insurance
In connection with the GSEs' CRT programs, an insurance subsidiary of MGIC provides insurance and reinsurance covering portions of the credit risk related to certain reference pools of mortgages acquired by the GSEs. Our RIF, as reported to us, related to these programs was approximately $443 million and $392 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

MGIC has written no new pool insurance since 2008; however, MGIC may write pool risk in the future. Our direct pool risk in force was $220 million ($173 million on pool policies with aggregate loss limits and $47 million on pool policies without aggregate loss limits) at March 31, 2025 compared to $226 million ($177 million on pool policies with aggregate loss limits and $49 million on pool policies without aggregate loss limits) at December 31, 2024.

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Consolidated Results of Operations
The following section of the MD&A provides a comparative discussion of MGIC Investment Corporation’s Consolidated Results of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Revenues
Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)
20252024% Change
Net premiums written$235,346 $233,800 
Net premiums earned$243,719 $242,644 
Investment income, net of expenses61,443 59,744 
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments741 (8,509)109 
Other revenue331 482 (31)
Total revenues
$306,234 $294,361 

Net premiums written and earned
Comparative quarterly results
Premiums earned for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were $243.7 million, compared with $242.6 million for the same period last year. Net premiums written for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were $235.3 million, compared with $233.8 million for the same period last year.

See “Overview - Factors Affecting Our Results” above for factors that influenced the amount of net premiums written and earned during the periods. See “Reinsurance Transactions” below for discussion of our ceded premiums written and earned.

Premium yields
Net premium yield is net premiums earned divided by average IIF during the period. The following table presents the key drivers of our net premium yield for each of the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024.
Premium Yield
Three Months Ended March 31,
(in basis points)
2025
2024
In force portfolio yield (1)
38.4 38.5 
Premium refunds0.0 0.1 
Accelerated earnings on single premium policies0.2 0.3 
Total direct premium yield38.6 38.9 
Ceded premiums earned, net of profit commission and assumed premiums (2)
(5.6)(5.7)
Net premium yield33.0 33.2 
(1) Total direct premiums earned, excluding premium refunds and accelerated premiums from single premium policy cancellations divided by average primary insurance in force.
(2) Assumed premiums include those from our participation in GSE CRT programs, of which the impact on the net premium yield was 0.5 bps for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and the three months ended March 31, 2024.

The following provides more detail on the key drivers of our net premium yield:
In force Portfolio Yield
è
The yield on our current IIF is impacted by the premium rates on our IIF. Premium rates are generally affected by risk characteristics on our NIW, the amount of capital we are required to hold, and competition in the industry.
Premium Refunds
è
Premium refunds are primarily driven by our estimate of refundable premiums on our delinquency inventory and claim activity. Our estimate of refundable premium on our delinquency inventory fluctuates with changes in our delinquency inventory and our estimate of the number of loans in our delinquency inventory that will result in a claim. Lower levels of claims received results in a lower level of premium refunds.

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Accelerated earnings on single premium policies
è
A low level of refinance transactions reduces the benefit from accelerated earned premium from cancellation of single premium policies prior to their estimated policy life.
Ceded premiums earned, net of profit commission and assumed premiums
èCeded premiums earned, net of profit commission adversely impact our net premium yield. Ceded premiums earned, net of profit commission, are associated with the QSR Transactions and the XOL Transactions. Assumed premiums consists primarily of premiums from GSE CRT programs. See “Reinsurance Transactions“ below for further discussion on our reinsurance transactions.
As discussed in our Risk Factor titled “Competition or changes in our relationships with our customers could reduce our revenues, reduce our premium yields and / or increase our losses,” the private mortgage insurance industry is highly competitive and premium rates have declined over the past several years. With a higher persistency rate and continued high credit quality for NIW expected in 2025, we expect our in force portfolio premium yield to remain relatively flat during 2025 compared to 2024.

Reinsurance Transactions
Quota share reinsurance
Our quota share reinsurance affects various lines of our statements of operations and therefore we believe it should be analyzed by reviewing its total effect on our pre-tax income, described as follows.
è
We cede a fixed percentage of premiums earned and received on insurance covered by the transactions.
è
We receive the benefit of a profit commission through a reduction in the premiums we cede. The profit commission varies inversely with the level of losses incurred on a “dollar for dollar” basis and can be eliminated at loss levels higher than what we have experienced on the QSR Transactions. As a result, lower levels of ceded losses incurred result in less benefit from ceded losses incurred and a higher profit commission; higher levels of ceded losses incurred result in more benefit from ceded losses incurred and a lower profit commission (or for certain levels of accident year loss ratios, its elimination).
èWe receive the benefit of a ceding commission through a reduction in underwriting expenses equal to 20% of premiums ceded (before the effect of the profit commission).
è
We cede a fixed percentage of losses incurred on insurance covered by the transactions.

The following table provides information related to our QSR Transactions for each of the three months ended and as of March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024.
Quota Share Reinsurance
Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)20252024
Ceded premiums written and earned, net of profit commission$29,943 $28,715 
% of direct premiums written11 %10 %
% of direct premiums earned11 %10 %
Profit commission$28,695 $24,584 
Ceding commissions$11,727 $10,660 
Ceded losses incurred$6,431 $6,454 
As of March 31,
Mortgage insurance portfolio:20252024
Ceded RIF (Dollars in millions)
2021 QSR4,310 5,867 
2022 QSR4,167 4,607 
2023 QSR2,082 2,344 
2024 QSR
3,519 609 
2025 QSR
584 — 
Credit Union QSR2,877 2,645 
Total ceded RIF$17,539 $16,072 

The increase in profit commission for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was primarily driven by an increase in the percentage of our IIF covered by the QSR Transactions as discussed below. Ceded losses incurred are impacted by the delinquencies covered by our QSR Transactions, our estimates of payments that will be ultimately made on those delinquencies, and claim payments covered by our QSR Transactions.

We executed a 40% QSR transaction with a group of unaffiliated reinsurers covering most of our new insurance written in 2026.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 46


Covered risk
The percentages of our NIW, new risk written, IIF, and RIF subject to our QSR Transactions as shown in the following table will vary from period to period in part due to the mix of our risk written during the period and the number of active QSR Transactions.
Quota Share Reinsurance
Three Months Ended March 31,
20252024
NIW subject to QSR Transactions86.8 %87.7 %
New Risk Written subject to QSR Transactions93.0 %93.3 %
IIF subject to QSR Transactions69.5 %62.1 %
RIF subject to QSR Transactions72.7 %65.7 %

The increase in IIF and RIF subject to QSR Transactions was primarily due to the increase in transactions subject to our 2024 QSR Transaction.

As of March 31, 2025, the weighted average coverage percentage of our QSR transactions was 31% based on RIF.

Excess of loss reinsurance
We have XOL Transactions with panels of unaffiliated reinsurers executed through the traditional reinsurance market (“Traditional XOL Transaction”) and with unaffiliated special purpose insurers (“Home Re Transactions”).

For policies covered by our Traditional XOL Transactions, we retain the first layer of the aggregate losses paid, and the reinsurers will then provide second layer coverage up to the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. We retain losses paid in excess of the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. The reinsurance coverage is subject to adjustment based on the risk characteristics of the covered loans until the initial excess of loss reinsurance coverage layer has been finalized.

The Home Re Transactions are executed through the issuance of insurance linked notes (“ILNs”). As of March 31, 2025 our Home Re Transactions provided $763.4 million of loss coverage on a portfolio of policies having an in force date from August 1, 2020 through December 31, 2021, and from June 1, 2022 through August 31, 2023; all dates inclusive. For this reinsurance coverage, we retain the first layer of the respective aggregate losses paid, and a Home Re Entity will then provide second layer coverage up to the outstanding reinsurance amount.

The current attachment, current detachment, and PMIERs required asset credit for each of our XOL Transactions, as of March 31, 2025, are as follows.
($ In thousands)
Initial Attachment % (1)
Initial Detachment % (2)
Current Attachment % (1)
Current Detachment % (2)
PMIERs Required Asset Credit
2024 Traditional XOL
2.67%6.67%2.74%6.84%$180,050 
2023 Traditional XOL2.91%6.91%3.35%7.54%84,069 
2022 Traditional XOL2.60%7.10%3.08%7.63%114,226 
2020 Traditional XOL
0.75%3.50%0.76%3.57%242,092 
Home Re 2023-1
3.00%6.75%3.47%7.25%269,936 
Home Re 2022-12.75%6.75%4.01%7.52%219,612 
Home Re 2021-22.10%6.50%4.22%7.28%98,756 
Home Re 2021-12.25%6.50%5.55%7.56%20,484 
(1) The percentage represents the cumulative losses as a percentage of adjusted risk in force that MGIC retains prior to the XOL taking losses.
(2) The percentage represents the cumulative losses as a percentage of adjusted risk in force that must be reached before MGIC begins absorbing losses after the XOL layer.

Ceded premiums on our XOL Transactions were $14.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and $16.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

See Note 4 - “Reinsurance" to our consolidated financial statements for additional discussion of our QSR and XOL Transactions.


MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 47


Investment income
Comparative quarterly results
Net investment income in the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $61.4 million and $59.7 million, respectively.

Losses and expenses
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)
20252024% Change
Losses incurred, net$9,591 $4,555 111 
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs1,657 2,009 (18)
Other underwriting and operating expenses, net51,406 59,018 (13)
Interest expense8,899 8,899 — 
Total losses and expenses
$71,553 $74,481 (4)

Losses incurred, net
As discussed in “Critical Accounting Estimates” in our 2024 10-K MD&A, we establish case loss reserves for future claims on delinquent loans that were reported to us as two payments past due and have not become current or resulted in a claim payment. Such loans are referred to as being in our delinquency inventory. Case loss reserves are established based on estimating the number of loans in our delinquency inventory that will result in a claim payment, which is referred to as the claim rate, and further estimating the amount of the claim payment, which is referred to as claim severity.

IBNR reserves are established for estimated losses from delinquencies we estimate have occurred prior to the close of an accounting period but have not yet been reported to us. IBNR reserves are also established using estimated claim rates and claim severities.

Estimation of losses is inherently judgmental. The conditions that affect the claim rate and claim severity include the current and future state of the domestic economy, including unemployment and the current and future strength of local housing markets; exposure on insured loans; the amount of time between delinquency and claim filing (all else being equal, the longer the period between delinquency and claim filing, the greater the severity); and curtailments and rescissions. The actual amount of the claim payments may be substantially different than our loss reserve estimates. Our estimates could be adversely affected by several factors, including a deterioration of regional or national economic conditions, including unemployment, leading to a reduction in borrowers’ income and thus their ability to make mortgage payments, the impact of past and future government initiatives and actions taken by the GSEs, and a drop in housing values which may affect borrower willingness to continue to make mortgage payments when the value of the home is below the mortgage balance. Loss reserves in future periods will also be dependent on the number of loans reported to us as delinquent.

Generally, losses follow a seasonal trend in which the second half of the year has weaker credit performance than the first half, with higher new notice activity and a lower cure rate. The state of the economy, local housing markets, pandemics, natural disasters, and various other factors may result in delinquencies not following the typical pattern.

For information on how pandemics and natural disasters could affect losses incurred, net see our Risk Factors titled “Pandemics, hurricanes and other disasters may adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition". As discussed in our Risk Factor titled “Because we establish loss reserves only upon a loan delinquency rather than based on estimates of our ultimate losses on risk in force, losses may have a disproportionate adverse effect on our earnings in certain periods” if we have not received a notice of delinquency with respect to a loan and if we have not estimated the loan to be delinquent as of March 31, 2025 through our IBNR reserve, then we have not yet recorded an incurred loss with respect to that loan.

Comparative quarterly results
Losses incurred, net for the first quarter of 2025 were $9.6 million, an increase of $5.0 million compared to the first quarter of 2024 losses incurred, net of $4.6 million. While new delinquency notices added approximately $59.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulted in favorable development of approximately $49.9 million. For three months ended March 31, 2024, new delinquency notices added approximately $53.4 million, offset by our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulting in favorable development of approximately $48.9 million. The favorable development for both periods primarily resulted from a decrease in the expected claim rate on previously received delinquencies. Home price appreciation experienced in recent years has allowed some borrowers to cure their delinquencies through the sale of their property.


MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 48


Composition of losses incurred
Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)
20252024
Current year / New notices$59,497 $53,436 
Prior year reserve development(49,906)(48,881)
Losses incurred, net
$9,591 $4,555 

Loss ratio
The loss ratio is the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of losses incurred, net to net premiums earned. The loss ratio was 3.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared with 1.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Delinquency inventory
A rollforward of our primary delinquency inventory for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 appears in the table below. The information concerning new notices and cures is compiled from monthly reports received from loan servicers. The level of new notice and cure activity reported in a particular month can be influenced by, among other things, the date on which a servicer generates its report, the number of business days in a month and transfers of servicing between loan servicers.
Delinquency inventory rollforward
Three Months Ended March 31,
20252024
Delinquency inventory at beginning of period26,791 25,650 
New notices12,965 12,177 
Cures(13,981)(13,314)
Paid claims(312)(352)
Rescissions and denials(25)(19)
Delinquency inventory at end of period25,43824,142

New notice activity
The table below presents our new delinquency notices received, delinquency inventory, and the average number of missed payments for the loans in our delinquency inventory by policy year:
New notices and delinquency inventory during the three months ended and as of:
March 31, 2025
Policy YearNew Delinquency Notices Received in the Three Months EndedDelinquency InventoryAvg. Number of Missed Payments of Delinquency Inventory
2004 and prior695 1,692 15
2005-20082,138 5,429 15
2009-2015344 874 10
2016341 702 8
2017576 1,098 8
2018669 1,483 8
2019730 1,378 7
20201,226 2,213 6
20212,474 4,379 6
20222,051 3,804 6
2023991 1,572 5
2024728 812 
2025
Total12,965 25,438 9
Claim rate on new notices (1)
7.5 %

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 49


March 31, 2024
Policy Year
New Delinquency Notices Received in the Three Months Ended
Delinquency InventoryAvg. Number of Missed Payments of Delinquency Inventory
2004 and prior750 1,888 18
2005-20082,484 6,377 17
2009-2015529 1,245 11
2016426 846 9
2017621 1,220 9
2018757 1,591 8
2019799 1,459 7
20201,308 2,242 6
20212,405 4,042 6
20221,605 2,729 5
2023493 503 3
2024— — — 
Total12,177 24,142 11
Claim rate on new notices (1)
7.5 %
(1) Claim rate at the time new delinquency notices are received as a year to date weighted average rate.

Claims severity
Factors that impact claim severity include:
èeconomic conditions at time of claim filing, including home prices compared to home prices at the time of placement of coverage,
èexposure of the loan, which is the unpaid principal balance of the loan times our insurance coverage percentage,
èlength of time between delinquency and claim filing (which impacts the amount of interest and expenses, with a longer time between default and claim filing generally increasing severity), and
ècurtailments.

As discussed in Note 11 - “Loss Reserves,” our loss reserves estimates take into consideration trends over time, because the development of the delinquencies may vary from period to period without establishing a meaningful trend. In recent years, an increase in third party property sales prior to claim settlement has resulted in a decrease in the average claim paid and the average claim paid as a percentage of exposure. We expect average claims paid as a percentage of exposure to increase as we receive delinquencies that have not experienced the same level of home price appreciation. The extent and timing of these increases are uncertain.

The majority of loans insured prior to 2014 (which represent 32% of the loans in the delinquency inventory) are covered by master policy terms that, except under certain circumstances, do not limit the number of years that an insured can include interest when filing a claim. Under our current master policy terms, an insured can include accumulated interest when filing a claim only for the first three years the loan is delinquent. In each case, the insured must comply with its obligations under the terms of the applicable master policy.
Claims severity trend for claims paid during the period
PeriodAverage exposure on claim paidAverage claim paid% Paid to exposureAverage number of missed payments at claim received date
Q1 2025
55,297 38,826 70.2 %34 
Q4 2024
51,368 34,042 66.3 %35 
Q3 2024
47,779 27,249 57.0 %34 
Q2 2024
49,623 30,578 61.6 %36 
Q1 2024
45,284 28,267 62.4 %40 
Note: Table excludes material settlements. Settlements include amounts paid in settlement disputes for claims paying practices and/or commutations of policies.


MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 50


The table below shows the number of consecutive months a borrower is delinquent. Historically as a delinquency ages it is more likely to result in a claim.
Primary delinquency inventory - consecutive months delinquent
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
3 months or less8,497 10,352 7,930 
4-11 months9,907 9,281 9,010 
12 months or more (1)
7,034 7,158 7,202 
Total 25,438 26,791 24,142 
3 months or less33 %38 %33 %
4-11 months39 %35 %38 %
12 months or more28 %27 %29 %
Total100 %100 %100 %
(1)Approximately 26%, 27%, and 35% of the primary delinquency inventory delinquent for 12 consecutive months or more has been delinquent for at least 36 consecutive months as of March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024, and March 31, 2024, respectively.

The length of time a loan is in the delinquency inventory can differ from the number of payments that the borrower has not made or is considered delinquent. These differences typically result from a borrower making monthly payments that do not result in the loan becoming fully current. Generally, a defaulted loan with more missed payments is more likely to result in a claim. The number of payments that a borrower is delinquent is shown in the following table.
Primary delinquency inventory - number of payments delinquent
March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
3 payments or less12,319 14,135 11,620 
4-11 payments8,788 8,392 7,849 
12 payments or more (1)
4,331 4,264 4,673 
Total25,438 26,791 24,142 
3 payments or less48 %53 %48 %
4-11 payments35 %31 %33 %
12 payments or more17 %16 %19 %
Total100 %100 %100 %
(1)Approximately 22%, 25%, and 32% of the primary delinquency inventory with 12 payments or more delinquent has at least 36 payments delinquent as of March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024, and March 31, 2024, respectively.

Net losses and LAE paid
Net losses and LAE paid in the three months ended March 31, 2025 were consistent with the same periods in the prior year. The primary average claim paid can vary materially from period to period based upon a variety of factors, including the local market conditions, average loan amount, average coverage percentage, the amount of time between delinquency and claim filing, and our loss mitigation efforts on loans for which claims are paid.

The following table presents our net losses and LAE paid for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
Net losses and LAE paid
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In millions)20252024
Direct primary (excluding settlements)
$12 $
NPL settlements
 — 
Reinsurance(2)— 
LAE and other
2 
Net losses and LAE paid$12 $10 
Average Claim Paid$38,826 $28,267 
Net losses and LAE paid have been positively impacted by home price appreciation in recent years that has allowed more delinquent loans to cure through the sale of the property. In addition, an increase in third party property sales prior to claim settlement has resulted in a decrease in the average claim paid on the claims we do receive. We expect net losses and LAE paid to increase, however, the magnitude and timing of the increases are uncertain.



MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 51



Loss reserves
The gross reserves at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024, and March 31, 2024 appear in the table below.
Gross reserves
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Primary (in millions):
Direct case loss reserves
$404 $402 $447 
Direct IBNR and LAE reserves58 58 54 
Total primary direct loss reserves$462 $460 $501 
Ending delinquent inventory (count based)
25,438 26,791 24,142 
Percentage of loans delinquent (delinquency rate)2.30 %2.40 %2.15 %
Average total primary loss reserves per delinquency
$18,167 $17,159 $20,761 
Primary claims received inventory included in ending delinquent inventory (count based)
304 319 266 
Other gross reserves (1) (in millions)
$3 $$
(1)Other Gross Reserves includes direct and assumed reserves that are not included within our primary loss reserves.  


The primary delinquency inventory for the top 15 jurisdictions (based on March 31, 2025 delinquency inventory) at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024 appears in the following table.
Primary delinquency inventory by jurisdiction
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Florida *
2,338 2,648 1,929 
Texas
2,031 2,207 1,920 
Illinois *1,664 1,762 1,604 
California
1,542 1,499 1,325 
Pennsylvania *1,390 1,504 1,382 
Ohio*
1,173 1,268 1,166 
New York *1,172 1,229 1,267 
Michigan1,171 1,231 1,081 
Georgia999 1,025 899 
North Carolina
756 880 664 
New Jersey *733 753 733 
Indiana *
651 690 614 
Maryland
641 655 641 
Minnesota612 616 544 
South Carolina *
511 597 450 
All other jurisdictions8,054 8,227 7,923 
Total25,438 26,791 24,142 
Note: Asterisk denotes jurisdictions in the table above that predominately use a judicial foreclosure process, which generally increases the amount of time it takes for a foreclosure to be completed.

The primary average RIF on delinquent loans at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024 for the top 5 jurisdictions (based on the March 31, 2025 delinquency inventory) appears in the following table.
Primary average RIF - delinquent loans
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Florida
$69,480 $70,377 $65,769 
Texas
65,308 63,943 60,398 
Illinois46,242 46,311 44,990 
California
112,612 109,226 103,582 
Pennsylvania46,072 45,227 43,913 
All other jurisdictions57,680 56,525 55,789 
All jurisdictions$61,323 $60,148 $58,179 
The primary average RIF on all loans was $70,973, $70,475, and $68,379 at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024, and March 31, 2024, respectively.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 52


The primary delinquency inventory by policy year at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024 appears in the following table.
Primary delinquency inventory by policy year
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Policy year:
2004 and prior1,692 1,793 1,888 
2004 and prior %7 %%%
2005 - 2008
5,429 5,857 6,377 
2005 - 2008 %21 %22 %26 %
2009 - 2015
874 976 1,245 
2009 - 2015 %3 %%%
2016702 772 846 
20171,098 1,205 1,220 
20181,483 1,628 1,591 
20191,378 1,505 1,459 
20202,213 2,421 2,242 
20214,379 4,796 4,042 
20223,804 3,803 2,729 
20231,572 1,464 503 
2024812 571 — 
20252 — — 
2016 and later %69 %68 %61 %
Total25,438 26,791 24,142 
On our primary business, the highest claim frequency years have typically been the third and fourth year after loan origination. However, the pattern of claim frequency can be affected by many factors, including persistency and deteriorating economic conditions. Deteriorating economic conditions can result in increasing claims following a period of declining claims. As of March 31, 2025, 52% of our primary RIF was written subsequent to December 31, 2021, 76% of our primary RIF was written subsequent to December 31, 2020, and 88% of our primary RIF was written subsequent to December 31, 2019.

Underwriting and other expenses, net
Underwriting and other expenses includes items such as employee compensation costs, outside service expenses, depreciation and maintenance expense, and premium taxes, and are reported net of ceding commissions.

Underwriting and other expenses, net for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, were $51.4 million and $59.0 million, respectively. The decrease in underwriting and other expenses, net was primarily due to a decrease in employee costs. See Note 15 - “Segment Reporting,” to our consolidated financial statements for additional discussion of significant segment expenses.
Three Months Ended March 31,
20252024
Underwriting expense ratio 22.5 %25.7 %
The underwriting expense ratio is the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the underwriting and operating expenses, net and amortization of DAC to net premiums written. The underwriting expense ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2025, decreased compared with the same period in the prior year primarily due to a decrease in underwriting and other expenses, net, and an increase in net premiums written.

Provision for income taxes and effective tax rate
Income tax provision and effective tax rate
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except rate)
20252024
Income before tax$234,681 $219,880 
Provision for income taxes$49,221 $45,783 
Effective tax rate21.0 %20.8 %
Our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 approximated the statutory tax rate of 21%. We expect a modest decrease in our effective tax rate for the remainder of 2025 compared with 2024 due to purchases of transferable federal tax credits.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 53


Balance Sheet Review
The following sections mainly focus on the major developments on our Consolidated Balance Sheet since December 31, 2024.

Consolidated balance sheets - Assets
(in thousands)March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
% Change
Investments$5,901,057 $5,867,560 
Cash and cash equivalents206,988 229,485 (10)
Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves (1)
51,864 47,281 10 
Deferred incomes taxes, net (1)
46,196 69,875 (34)
Other assets329,031 333,034 (1)
Total Assets$6,535,136 $6,547,235 
(1) See "Liabilities and Equity" section below for further discussion.

Investments - Our investment portfolio primarily consists of a diverse mix of highly rated fixed income securities.

The average duration and investment yield of our investment portfolio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in the table below.

Portfolio duration and embedded investment yield
March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
Effective duration (in years)
4.03.9
Pre-tax yield (1)
4.0%4.0%
After-tax yield (1)
3.2%3.2%
(1)Embedded investment yield is calculated on a yield-to-worst basis.

The security ratings of our fixed income investments as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in the table below.

Fixed income security ratings
Security Ratings (1)
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
AAA
11%10%
AA
34%34%
A
35%36%
BBB
20%20%
(1)Ratings are provided by one or more of: Moody's, Standard & Poor's and Fitch Ratings. If three ratings are available, the middle rating is used, otherwise the lowest rating is used.


Cash and cash equivalents -
Our cash and cash equivalents balance decreased to $207.0 million as of March 31, 2025, from $229.5 million as of December 31, 2024, as cash used in financing activities was only partially offset by net cash generated by operating and investing activities.








MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 54


Consolidated balance sheets - Liabilities and equity
(in thousands)March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
% Change
Loss reserves$465,033 $462,662 
Unearned premiums111,987 120,360 (7)
Long-term debt645,035 644,667 
Other liabilities173,197 147,171 18 
Total Liabilities$1,395,252 $1,374,860 
Common stock240,194 248,449 (3)
Paid-in capital1,796,475 1,808,236 (1)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax(236,445)(288,162)18 
Retained earnings3,339,660 3,403,852 (2)
Shareholders’ equity$5,139,884 $5,172,375 (1)

Loss reserves and Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves - Our loss reserves include estimates of losses and settlement expenses on (1) loans in our delinquency inventory (known as case reserves), (2) IBNR delinquencies, and (3) LAE. Our gross reserves are reduced by reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves to calculate a net reserve balance. Loss reserves increased to $465.0 million as of March 31, 2025, from $462.7 million as of December 31, 2024. Reinsurance recoverables on loss reserves were $51.9 million and $47.3 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The reinsurance recoverable is impacted by the mix of delinquencies covered by our QSR Transactions.

Unearned premiums - Our unearned premium decreased to $112.0 million as of March 31, 2025 from $120.4 million as of December 31, 2024 primarily due to the run-off of our existing portfolio of single premium policies outpacing the level of NIW from single premium policies.

Income Taxes - Our current income tax liability was $54.4 million as of March 31, 2025 and is included as a component of other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. Our current income tax receivable was $7.1 million as of December 31, 2024 and is included as a component of other assets in our consolidated balance sheets. The increase in our current income tax liability was primarily due to the recording of our first quarter income tax provision with respect to first quarter income while our first quarter estimated income tax payment is not remitted until the second quarter of 2025. Our net deferred tax asset was $46.2 million and $69.9 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The change in our deferred income tax asset was primarily due to the change in the fair market value of our investment portfolio during the three months ended March 31, 2025. We owned $946.3 million and $968.2 million of tax and loss bonds at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Shareholder’s equity - The decrease in shareholders’ equity primarily relates to repurchases of our common stock and dividends paid to shareholders, partially offset by net income in the three months ended March 31, 2025.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 55


Liquidity and Capital Resources

Consolidated Cash Flow Analysis
We have three primary types of cash flows: (1) operating cash flows, which consist mainly of cash generated by our insurance operations and income earned on our investment portfolio, less amounts paid for claims, interest expense and operating expenses, (2) investing cash flows related to the purchase, sale and maturity of investments and purchases of property and equipment and (3) financing cash flows generally from activities that impact our capital structure, such as changes in debt and shares outstanding, and dividend payments. The following table summarizes our consolidated cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities:
Summary of consolidated cash flows
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Total cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities$223,654 $190,537 
Investing activities32,375 25,969 
Financing activities(277,963)(147,582)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents$(21,934)$68,924 
Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 increased when compared with the same period of 2024 primarily due to a decrease in other underwriting and operating expenses, net, and an increase in investment income, and an increase in premiums written, partially offset by an increase in losses paid, net.

We also have purchase obligations totaling approximately $11.7 million which consist primarily of contracts related to our continued investment in our information technology infrastructure in the normal course of business. The majority of these obligations are under contracts that give us cancellation rights with notice. In the next twelve months we anticipate we will pay approximately $7.8 million for our purchase obligations.

Future contributions to our qualified pension plan are impacted by the net funded status (the market value of our plan assets compared to the projected benefit obligation).

Net cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, primarily reflects sales and maturities of fixed income securities that exceeded purchases of fixed income securities during the period.

Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, primarily reflects repurchases of our common stock, dividends to shareholders, and the payment of withholding taxes related to share-based compensation net share settlement.

Capitalization
Debt - holding company
As of March 31, 2025, our holding company’s debt obligations were $650 million in aggregate principal amount consisting of our 5.25% Notes due in 2028. See Note 7 – “Debt” to our consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for additional information about the terms of our indebtedness.

Liquidity analysis - holding company
As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had approximately $824 million and $1.1 billion, respectively, in cash and investments at our holding company. These resources are maintained primarily to service our debt interest expense, pay debt maturities, repurchase shares, pay dividends to shareholders, and to settle intercompany obligations. While these assets are held, we generate investment income that serves to offset a portion of our cash requirements. The payment of dividends from MGIC are the principal source of holding company cash inflow and their payment is restricted by insurance regulation. See Note 14 - “Statutory Information” to our consolidated financial statement for additional information about MGIC’s dividend restrictions. The payment of dividends from MGIC is also influenced by our view of the appropriate level of excess PMIERs Available Assets to maintain, which can change over time. Raising capital in the public markets is another potential source of holding company liquidity. The ability to raise capital in the public markets is subject to prevailing market conditions, investor demand for the securities to be issued, and our deemed creditworthiness.

In the three months ended March 31, 2025, we repurchased 9.2 million shares of our common stock for $224.3 million. As of March 31, 2025 we had remaining authorization to repurchase $232.9 million under our existing share repurchase program. Through April 25, 2025, we repurchased an additional 2.8 million shares totaling $65.8 million under the remaining authorization through December 31, 2026. Also in April of 2025, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, authorizing us to repurchase up to $750 million of common stock prior to December 31, 2027.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 56



In the three months ended March 31, 2025, we paid $32.5 million in dividends to shareholders. On April 24, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend to the holders of the company’s common stock of $0.13 per share to shareholders of record on May 8, 2025.

Over the next twelve months the principal demand on our holding company resources will be interest payments on our 5.25% Notes approximating $34.0 million and dividends to shareholders. We believe our holding company has sufficient sources of liquidity to meet its payment obligations for the foreseeable future.

We may also use holding company cash to repurchase additional shares, however, our repurchases are subject to variation based on a variety of factors including our capital and liquidity position and the share price of our common stock. Such repurchases may be material, may be made for cash (funded by debt) and/or exchanges for other securities, and may be made in open market purchases (including through 10b5-1 plans), privately negotiated acquisitions or other transactions. See "Overview-Capital" of this MD&A for a discussion of our share repurchase programs.

Significant cash and investments inflows at our holding company during the three months ended March 31, 2025:
$10.0 million of investment income.
Significant cash outflows at our holding company during the three months ended March 31, 2025:
$225.2 million of net share repurchase transactions,
$33.9 million of cash dividends paid to shareholders, and
$17.1 million of interest payments on our outstanding debt obligation.

The net unrealized gains on our holding company investment portfolio were approximately $2.0 million at March 31, 2025, and the portfolio had an effective duration of approximately 0.8 years.

MGIC did not pay dividends to our holding company in the three months ended March 31, 2025. Future dividend payments from MGIC to the holding company will be determined in consultation with the board, and after considering any updated estimates about our business. We ask the Wisconsin OCI not to object before MGIC pays dividends to the holding company. In April 2025, MGIC paid a $400 million dividend to our holding company.

Debt at subsidiaries
MGIC did not have any outstanding debt obligations at March 31, 2025. MGIC is a member of the FHLB, which provides MGIC access to an additional source of liquidity via a secured lending facility. We may borrow from the FHLB at any time.

Capital Adequacy
PMIERs
As of March 31, 2025, MGIC’s Available Assets under the PMIERs totaled approximately $5.9 billion, an excess of approximately $2.6 billion over its Minimum Required Assets; and MGIC is in compliance with the requirements of the PMIERs and eligible to insure loans delivered to or purchased by the GSEs. Our reinsurance transactions provided an aggregate of approximately $2.4 billion of capital credit under the PMIERs as of March 31, 2025. Refer to Note 4 - “Reinsurance” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on our reinsurance transactions.

The table below presents the PMIERS capital credit for our reinsurance transactions.

PMIERs - Reinsurance Credit
(In millions)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
QSR Transactions$1,210 $1,177 
Home Re Transactions609 666 
Traditional XOL Transactions620 388 
Total capital credit for Reinsurance Transactions$2,439 $2,231 

The PMIERs generally require us to hold significantly more Minimum Required Assets for delinquent loans than for performing loans and the Minimum Required Assets required to be held increases as the number of payments missed on a delinquent loan increases. Refer to “Overview - Capital - GSEs” of this MD&A and our risk factor titled “We may not continue to meet the GSEs’ private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements and our returns may decrease if we are required to maintain more capital in order to maintain our eligibility” for further discussion of PMIERs.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 57



Risk-to-capital
We compute our risk-to-capital ratio on a separate company statutory basis, as well as on a combined insurance operations basis. The risk-to-capital ratio is our net RIF divided by our policyholders’ position. Our net RIF includes both primary and pool risk in force, net of reinsurance and excludes risk on policies that are currently in default and for which case loss reserves have been established and the risk covered by reinsurance. The risk amount includes pools of loans with contractual aggregate loss limits and without these limits. MGIC’s policyholders’ position consists primarily of statutory policyholders’ surplus (which generally changes due to statutory net income/loss and dividends paid, among other things), plus the statutory contingency loss reserve. The statutory contingency loss reserve is reported as a liability on the statutory balance sheet. A mortgage insurance company is required to make annual additions to a contingency loss reserve of approximately 50% of earned premiums. These contributions must generally be maintained for a period of ten years. However, with regulatory approval a mortgage insurance company may make early withdrawals from the contingency loss reserve when incurred losses exceed 35% of earned premiums in a calendar year.

The table below presents our risk-to-capital calculation:
Risk-to-capital - MGIC
(In millions, except ratio)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
RIF - net (1)
$58,440 $58,213 
Statutory policyholders’ surplus1,135 973 
Statutory contingency loss reserve4,858 4,833 
Statutory policyholders’ position$5,993 $5,806 
Risk-to-capital
9.8:1
10.0:1
(1)RIF – net, as shown in the table above is net of reinsurance and exposure on policies currently delinquent ($1.7 billion at March 31, 2025 and $1.8 billion at December 31, 2024) for which loss reserves have been established.

For additional information regarding regulatory capital see Note 14 – “Statutory Information” to our consolidated financial statements as well as our Risk Factor titled “State Capital requirements may prevent us from continuing to write new insurance on an uninterrupted basis.”

Financial Strength Ratings
Financial strength ratings are published by third-party rating agencies as an independent opinion of an insurer’s financial strength and ability to meet ongoing insurance and contract obligations. The financial strength ratings for MGIC and MAC are listed below:
MGIC financial strength ratings
Rating AgencyRatingOutlook
Moody’s Investor ServicesA3
Positive
Standard and Poor’s Rating Services
A-
Stable
A.M. Best
A
Stable
MAC financial strength ratings
Rating AgencyRatingOutlook
Standard and Poor's Rating ServicesA-Stable
A.M. BestAStable

For further information about the importance of MGIC’s ratings, see our Risk Factor titled “Competition or changes in our relationships with our customers could reduce our revenues, reduce our premium yields and / or increase our losses.”


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Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors
General: Our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be affected by the Risk Factors referred to under “Location of Risk Factors” below. These Risk Factors are an integral part of Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

These factors may also cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by forward looking statements that we may make. Forward looking statements consist of statements which relate to matters other than historical fact. Among others, statements that include words such as we “believe,” “anticipate” or “expect,” or words of similar import, are forward looking statements. These Risk Factors speak only as of the date of this filing and are subject to change without notice as the Company cannot predict all risks relating to this evolving set of events. We are not undertaking any obligation to update any forward looking statements we may make even though these statements may be affected by events or circumstances occurring after the forward looking statements were made. Therefore, no reader of this document should rely on these statements being current as of any time other than the time at which this document was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

While we communicate with security analysts from time to time, it is against our policy to disclose to them any material non-public information or other confidential information. Accordingly, investors should not assume that we agree with any statement or report issued by any analyst irrespective of the content of the statement or report, and such reports are not our responsibility.

Location of Risk Factors: The Risk Factors are in Item 1 A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as supplemented by Part II, Item 1 A of this quarterly report on form 10Q. The Risk Factors in the 10-K, as supplemented by this 10‑Q and through updating of various statistical and other information, are reproduced in Exhibit 99 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Our investment portfolio is essentially a fixed income portfolio and is exposed to market risk. Important drivers of the market risk are credit spread risk and interest rate risk.

Credit spread risk is the risk that we will incur a loss due to adverse changes in credit spreads. Credit spread is the additional yield on fixed income securities above the risk-free rate (typically referenced as the yield on U.S. Treasury securities) that market participants require to compensate them for assuming credit, liquidity and/or prepayment risks.
We manage credit risk via our investment policy guidelines which primarily place our investments in investment grade securities and limit the amount of our credit exposure to any one issue, issuer and type of instrument. Guideline and investment portfolio detail is available in "Business – Section E, Investment Portfolio" in Item 1 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Interest rate risk is the risk that we will incur a loss due to adverse changes in interest rates relative to the characteristics of our interest bearing assets.

One of the measures used to quantify this exposure is effective duration. Effective duration measures the price sensitivity of the assets to the changes in spreads. At March 31, 2025, the effective duration of our fixed income investment portfolio was 4.0 years, which means that an instantaneous parallel shift in the yield curve of 100 basis points would result in a change of 4.0% in the fair value of our fixed income portfolio. For an upward shift in the yield curve, the fair value of our portfolio would decrease and for a downward shift in the yield curve, the fair value would increase. See Note 7 – “Investments” to our consolidated financial statements for additional disclosure surrounding our investment portfolio.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on such evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that such controls and procedures were effective as of the end of such period.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the first quarter of 2025 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 59


PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Certain legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business may be filed or pending against us from time to time. For information about such legal proceedings, you should review Note 5 - “Litigation and Contingencies” to our consolidated financial statements and our Risk Factor titled “We are subject to the risk of legal proceedings” in Exhibit 99.

Item 1 A. Risk Factors
As of March 31, 2025, there have been no material changes in our Risk Factors from the risk factors disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. The risk factors in the 10-K, as supplemented by this 10-Q and through updating of various statistical and other information, are reproduced in their entirety in Exhibit 99 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q.
Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table provides information about purchases of MGIC Investment Corporation common stock by us during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Share repurchases
Period BeginningPeriod EndingTotal number of shares purchasedAverage price paid per shareTotal number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs
Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the programs (1)
January 1, 2025January 31, 20253,513,596 $24.34 3,513,596 $371,671,590 
February 1, 2025February 28, 20252,877,395 24.86 2,877,395 300,127,376 
March 1, 2025March 31, 20252,843,572 23.66 2,843,572 232,855,900 
9,234,563 $24.29 9,234,563 

(1)In April of 2024, our Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase program, authorizing us to repurchase up to an additional $750 million of common stock prior to December 31, 2026. Repurchases may be made from time to time on the open market (including through 10b5-1 plans) or through privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase program may be suspended for periods or discontinued at any time. In April 2025, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, authorizing us to purchase up to $750 million of common stock prior to December 31, 2027.

Item 5. Other Information
On February 28, 2025, Paula C. Maggio, Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary, adopted a written plan for the sale of MGIC common stock that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act. Ms. Maggio’s written plan provides for the sale of 80,000 shares of MGIC common stock in the aggregate. This written plan is scheduled to expire on the earlier of: (1) February 9, 2026; or (2) the date on which an aggregate of 80,000 shares of MGIC common stock have been sold.

On March 6, 2025, Salvatore A. Miosi, President and Chief Operating Officer, adopted a written plan for the sale of MGIC common stock that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act. Mr. Miosi’s written plan provides for the sale of up to 310,931 shares of MGIC common stock in the aggregate. This written plan is scheduled to expire on the earlier of: (1) June 5, 2026; or (2) the date on which an aggregate of 310,931 shares of MGIC common stock have been sold.



MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 60


Item 6. Exhibits
The accompanying Index to Exhibits is incorporated by reference in answer to this portion of this Item, and except as otherwise indicated in the next sentence, the Exhibits listed in such Index are filed as part of this Form 10-Q. Exhibit 32 is not filed as part of this Form 10-Q but accompanies this Form 10-Q.
(Part II, Item 6)

Index to exhibits
Exhibit NumberDescription of ExhibitFormExhibit(s)Filing Date
Certification of CEO under Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 †
Certification of CFO under Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 †
Certification of CEO and CFO under Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (as indicated in Item 6 of Part II, this Exhibit is not being “filed”) ††
Risk Factors included in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as supplemented by Part II, Item 1A of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 and through updating of various statistical and other information †
101.INSInline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*     Denotes a management contract or compensatory plan.
†    Filed herewith.
††    Furnished herewith.


MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 61


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized, on April 30, 2025.


MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION
 
/s/ Timothy J. Mattke
Timothy J. Mattke
Chief Executive Officer
/s/ Nathaniel H. Colson
Nathaniel H. Colson
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q1 2025 | 62

Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATIONS

I, Timothy J. Mattke, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of MGIC Investment Corporation;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and we have:
a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  April 30, 2025

/s/ Timothy J. Mattke
Timothy J. Mattke
Chief Executive Officer



Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Nathaniel H. Colson, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of MGIC Investment Corporation;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and we have:
a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and


5.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  April 30, 2025

/s/ Nathaniel H. Colson
Nathaniel H. Colson
Chief Financial Officer




Exhibit 32

SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATIONS

The undersigned, Timothy J. Mattke, Chief Executive Officer of MGIC Investment Corporation (the "Company"), and Nathaniel H. Colson, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S. C. Section 1350, that to our knowledge:

(1)the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2025 (the "Report") fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2)the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: April 30, 2025

/s/ Timothy J. Mattke
Timothy J. Mattke
Chief Executive Officer
 
/s/ Nathaniel H. Colson
Nathaniel H. Colson
Chief Financial Officer



Exhibit 99

Risk Factors

Risk Factors included in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as supplemented by Part II, Item 1A of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, and through updating of various statistical and other information.

As used below, “we,” “our” and “us” refer to MGIC Investment Corporation’s consolidated operations or to MGIC Investment Corporation, as the context requires; and “MGIC” refers to Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation.

Risk Factors Relating to Global Events
Wars and/or other global events may adversely affect the U.S. economy and our business.
Wars and/or other global events may result in increased inflation rates, strained supply chains, and increased volatility in the domestic and global financial markets. Wars and/or other global events have in the past and may continue to impact our business in various ways, including the following which are described in more detail in the remainder of these risk factors:
The terms under which we are able to obtain quota share reinsurance ("QSR") and/or excess-of-loss ("XOL") reinsurance through the insurance-linked notes ("ILN") market and the traditional reinsurance market may be negatively impacted and terms under which we are able to access those markets in the future may be limited or less attractive.
The risk of a cybersecurity incident that affects our company may increase.
Wars may negatively impact the domestic economy, which may increase unemployment and inflation, or decrease home prices, in each case leading to an increase in loan delinquencies.
The volatility in the financial markets may impact the performance of our investment portfolio and our investment portfolio may include investments in companies or securities that are negatively impacted by wars and/or other global events.
Risk Factors Relating to the Mortgage Insurance Industry and its Regulation
Downturns in the domestic economy or declines in home prices may result in more homeowners defaulting and our losses increasing, with a corresponding decrease in our returns.
Losses result from general economic or personal events that reduce a borrower’s ability or willingness to make mortgage payments, such as recession, unemployment, decreases in home prices, health issues, and changes in family status. Such events are outside of our control, difficult to predict, and generally increase loan delinquencies and claims. Additionally, economic conditions may differ from region to region. Information about the geographic dispersion of our risk in force and delinquency inventory can be found in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K and our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.
A decline in home prices may make it more difficult for borrowers to sell or refinance their homes, increasing the chances of default. Additionally, a decline in home prices may result in loan balances exceeding home values, discouraging borrowers from continuing to make payments. The seasonally-adjusted Purchase-Only U.S. Home Price Index of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (the “FHFA”), which is based on single-family properties whose mortgages have been purchased or securitized by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, indicates that home prices increased .1% nationwide in February, 2025 compared to January, 2025. Although the 12 month change in home prices recently reached historically high rates, the rate of growth is moderating: it increased by 4.8% in 2024, after increasing 6.7%, 6.8%, and 17.8% in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The national average price-to-income ratio exceeds its historical average, in part as a result of recent home price appreciation outpacing increases in income. Affordability issues can put downward pressure on home prices. A decline in home prices may occur even absent a deterioration in economic conditions due to declines in demand for homes, which in turn may result from changes in buyers’ perceptions of the potential for future appreciation, restrictions on and the cost of mortgage credit due to more stringent underwriting standards, higher interest rates, changes to the tax deductibility of mortgage interest, decreases in the rate of household formations, or other factors.
Changes in the business practices of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac ("the GSEs"), federal legislation that changes their charters or a restructuring of the GSEs could reduce our revenues or increase our losses.
The substantial majority of our new insurance written ("NIW") is for loans purchased by the GSEs; therefore, the business practices of the GSEs greatly impact our business. The GSEs possess substantial market power, which enables them to influence our business and the mortgage insurance industry in general. In 2008 the housing market was in severe decline, which damaged the financial condition of the GSEs. FHFA placed the GSEs into



conservatorship on September 7, 2008 and the FHFA has the authority to control and direct their operations. Given that the Director of the FHFA serves at the pleasure of the President, the agency's agenda, policies and actions may be influenced by the then-current administration.

Changes in the status, powers, or supervision of the GSEs, whether through legislation or administrative action, that impact private mortgage insurers could have an adverse effect on our business, revenue, results of operations and financial condition. Business practices of the GSEs that affect the mortgage insurance industry include:
The GSEs' private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements ("PMIERs"), the financial requirements of which are discussed in our risk factor titled “We may not continue to meet the GSEs’ private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements and our returns may decrease if we are required to maintain more capital in order to maintain our eligibility.”
The capital and collateral requirements for participants in the GSEs' alternative forms of credit enhancement discussed in our risk factor titled "The amount of insurance we write could be adversely affected if lenders and investors select alternatives to private mortgage insurance or are unable to obtain capital relief for mortgage insurance."
The level of private mortgage insurance coverage, subject to the limitations of the GSEs’ charters, when private mortgage insurance is used as the required credit enhancement on low down payment mortgages (the GSEs generally require a level of mortgage insurance coverage that is higher than the level of coverage required by their charters; any change in the required level of coverage will impact our new risk written).
The amount of loan level price adjustments and guaranty fees (which result in higher costs to borrowers) that the GSEs assess on loans that require private mortgage insurance. The requirements of the new GSE capital framework may lead the GSEs to increase their guaranty fees. In addition, the FHFA has indicated that it is reviewing the GSEs' pricing in connection with preparing them to exit conservatorship and to ensure that pricing subsidies benefit only affordable housing activities.
Whether the GSEs select or influence the mortgage lender’s selection of the mortgage insurer providing coverage.
The underwriting standards that determine which loans are eligible for purchase by the GSEs, which can affect the quality of the risk insured by the mortgage insurer and the availability of mortgage loans.
The terms on which mortgage insurance coverage can be canceled before reaching the cancellation thresholds established by law and the business practices associated with such cancellations. If the GSEs or other mortgage investors change their practices regarding the timing of cancellation of mortgage insurance due to home price appreciation, policy goals, changing risk tolerances or otherwise, we could experience an unexpected reduction in our insurance in force ("IIF"), which would negatively impact our business and financial results. For more information, see the discussion below regarding the GSEs' Equitable Housing Plans and our risk factor titled “The length of time our insurance policies remain in force has a significant impact on our results."
The programs established by the GSEs intended to avoid or mitigate loss on insured mortgages and the circumstances in which mortgage servicers must implement such programs.
The terms that the GSEs require to be included in mortgage insurance policies for loans that they purchase, including limitations on the rescission rights of mortgage insurers.
The extent to which the GSEs intervene in mortgage insurers’ claims paying practices, rescission practices or rescission settlement practices with lenders.
The maximum loan limits of the GSEs compared to those of the Federal Housing Administration ("FHA") and other investors.
The benchmarks established by the FHFA for loans to be purchased by the GSEs, which can affect the loans available to be insured. In December 2021, the FHFA established the benchmark levels for 2022-2024 purchases of low-income home mortgages, very low-income home mortgages and low-income refinance mortgages, each of which exceeded the 2021 benchmarks. The FHFA also established two new sub-goals: one targeting minority communities and the other targeting low-income neighborhoods. In August 2024, FHFA proposed new benchmark levels for 2025-2027 purchases of low-income home mortgages and very low-income home mortgages that were lower than the 2022-2024 levels, but higher than pre-2022 levels. The level for low income refinance mortgages was unchanged from the 2022-2024 level, but was higher than the pre-2022 level.
The prior presidential administration issued multiple directives requiring federal agencies to increase their focus and funding of housing initiatives for minority and low-income borrowers. In March of 2025, the Director of the FHFA indicated that FHFA is reviewing how to continue to achieve the purposes of the GSEs' statutory missions. Although it is unclear at this time, it is possible that this review may result in changes to the business practices and policies of the GSEs. To the extent the business practices and policies of the GSEs regarding mortgage insurance coverage,



costs and cancellation change, such changes may negatively impact the mortgage insurance industry and our financial results.
It is uncertain what role the GSEs, FHA and private capital, including private mortgage insurance, will play in the residential housing finance system in the future. The timing and impact on our business of any resulting changes are uncertain. For changes that would require Congressional action to implement it is difficult to estimate when Congressional action would be final and how long any associated phase-in period may last.
We may not continue to meet the GSEs’ private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements and our returns may decrease if we are required to maintain more capital in order to maintain our eligibility.
We must comply with a GSE's PMIERs to be eligible to insure loans delivered to or purchased by that GSE. The PMIERs include financial requirements, as well as business, quality control and certain transaction approval requirements. The PMIERs provide that the GSEs may amend any provision of the PMIERs or impose additional requirements with an effective date specified by the GSEs.
The financial requirements of the PMIERs require a mortgage insurer’s “Available Assets” (generally only the most liquid assets of an insurer) to equal or exceed its “Minimum Required Assets” (which are generally based on an insurer’s book of risk in force and calculated from tables of factors with several risk dimensions, reduced for credit given for risk ceded under reinsurance agreements).
Based on our interpretation of the PMIERs, as of March 31, 2025, MGIC’s Available Assets totaled $5.9 billion, or $2.6 billion in excess of its Minimum Required Assets. MGIC is in compliance with the PMIERs and eligible to insure loans purchased by the GSEs. In August 2024, the GSEs issued updates to the calculation of Available Assets. The updates will be implemented through a 24-month phased-in approach, with a fully effective date of September 30, 2026. If these changes were effective as of March 31, 2025, without a graduated implementation period, MGIC's Available Assets of $5.9 billion would decrease by approximately 1% or $50 million, and MGIC's PMIERs excess would be $2.5 billion.
Our Minimum Required Assets reflect a credit for risk ceded under our QSR and XOL reinsurance transactions, which are discussed in our risk factor titled "Our underwriting practices and the mix of business we write affects our Minimum Required Assets under the PMIERs, our premium yields and the likelihood of losses occurring." The calculated credit for XOL reinsurance transactions under PMIERs is generally based on the PMIERs requirement of the covered loans and the attachment and detachment points of the coverage, all of which fluctuate over time. PMIERs credit is generally not given for the reinsured risk above the PMIERs requirement. The GSEs have discretion to further limit reinsurance credit under the PMIERs. Refer to “Consolidated Results of Operations – Reinsurance Transactions” in Part I, Item 2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for information about the calculated PMIERs credit for our XOL transactions. There is a risk we will not receive our current level of credit in future periods for ceded risk. In addition, we may not receive the same level of credit under future reinsurance transactions that we receive under existing transactions. If MGIC is not allowed certain levels of credit under the PMIERs, under certain circumstances, MGIC may terminate the reinsurance transactions without penalty.
The PMIERs generally require us to hold significantly more Minimum Required Assets for delinquent loans than for performing loans and the Minimum Required Assets required to be held increases as the number of payments missed on a delinquent loan increases. If the number of loan delinquencies increases for reasons discussed in these risk factors, or otherwise, it may cause our Minimum Required Assets to exceed our Available Assets. We are unable to predict the ultimate number of loans that will become delinquent. If we are required to hold more capital relative to our insured loans it could adversely affect our business and results of operations, or prohibit or delay us from taking actions that would be advantageous to our investors.
If our Available Assets fall below our Minimum Required Assets, we would not be in compliance with the PMIERs. The PMIERs provide a list of remediation actions for a mortgage insurer's non-compliance, with additional actions possible in the GSEs' discretion. At the extreme, the GSEs may suspend or terminate our eligibility to insure loans purchased by them. Such suspension or termination would significantly reduce the volume of our NIW, the substantial majority of which is for loans delivered to or purchased by the GSEs.
Additionally, the PMIERs impose transactional approval conditions that may restrict or delay us from taking certain actions. In the event that one or both of the GSEs does not approve an intended course of action, there may be a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Should capital be needed by MGIC in the future, capital contributions from our holding company may not be available due to competing demands on holding company resources.
Because loss reserve estimates are subject to uncertainties, paid claims may be substantially different than our loss reserves.
When we establish case reserves, we estimate our ultimate loss on delinquent loans by estimating the number of such loans that will result in a claim payment (the "claim rate"), and further estimating the amount of the claim



payment (the "claim severity"). Changes to our claim rate and claim severity estimates could have a material impact on our future results, even in a stable economic environment. Our estimates incorporate anticipated cures, loss mitigation activity, rescissions and curtailments. The establishment of loss reserves is subject to inherent uncertainty and requires significant judgment by management. Our actual claim payments may differ substantially from our loss reserve estimates. Our estimates could be affected by several factors, including a change in regional or national economic conditions as discussed in these risk factors and a change in the length of time loans are delinquent before claims are received. Generally, the longer a loan is delinquent before a claim is received, the greater the severity. Foreclosure moratoriums and forbearance programs increase the average time it takes to receive claims. Generally, losses follow a seasonal trend in which the first half of the year has stronger credit performance than the second half, with higher cure rates and lower new delinquency notice activity. The state of the economy, local housing markets, pandemics, natural disasters, and various other factors, may result in delinquencies not following the typical pattern.
We are subject to comprehensive regulation and other requirements, which we may fail to satisfy.
We are subject to comprehensive regulation, including by state insurance departments. Many regulations are designed for the protection of our insured policyholders and consumers, rather than for the benefit of investors. Mortgage insurers, including MGIC, have in the past been involved in litigation and regulatory actions related to alleged violations of the anti-referral fee provisions of the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act ("RESPA"), and the notice provisions of the Fair Credit Reporting Act ("FCRA"). While these proceedings in the aggregate did not result in material liability for MGIC, there can be no assurance that the outcome of future proceedings, if any, under these laws or others would not have a material adverse effect on us.
We provide contract underwriting services, including on loans for which we are not providing mortgage insurance. These services are subject to contractual obligations and federal and state regulation. Our failure to meet the standards set forth in the applicable contracts or regulations would subject us to potential litigation or regulatory action. To the extent that we are construed to make independent credit decisions in connection with our contract underwriting activities, we also could be subject to increased regulatory requirements under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act ("ECOA"), FCRA, and other laws. Under relevant laws, examination may also be made of whether a mortgage insurer's underwriting decisions have a disparate impact on persons belonging to a protected class in violation of the law.
Although their scope varies, state insurance laws generally grant broad supervisory powers to agencies or officials to examine insurance companies and enforce rules or exercise discretion affecting almost every significant aspect of the insurance business, including payment for the referral of insurance business, premium rates and discrimination in pricing, and minimum capital requirements. The increased use by the private mortgage insurance industry of risk-based pricing systems that establish premium rates based on more attributes than previously considered, and of algorithms, artificial intelligence and data and analytics, has led to additional regulatory scrutiny of premium rates and of other matters such as discrimination in pricing and underwriting, data privacy and access to insurance. For more information about state capital requirements, see our risk factor titled “State capital requirements may prevent us from continuing to write new insurance on an uninterrupted basis.” For information about regulation of data privacy, see our risk factor titled “We could be materially adversely affected by a cybersecurity breach or failure of information security controls.” For more details about the various ways in which our subsidiaries are regulated, see “Business - Regulation” in Item 1 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
While we have established policies and procedures to comply with applicable laws and regulations, many such laws and regulations are complex and it is not possible to predict the eventual scope, duration or outcome of any reviews or investigations nor is it possible to predict their effect on us or the mortgage insurance industry.

Pandemics, hurricanes and other disasters may adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.
Pandemics and other disasters, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, wildfires and floods, or other events related to climate change, could trigger an economic downturn in the affected areas, or in areas with similar risks, which could result in a decrease in home prices, an increased claim rate and increased claim severity in those areas. Due to the increased frequency and severity of natural disasters, some homeowners' insurers are increasing premium rates or withdrawing from certain states or areas that they deem to be high risk. Even though we do not generally insure losses related to property damage, the inability of a borrower to obtain hazard and/or flood insurance, or the increased cost of such insurance, could lead to a decrease in home prices in the affected areas and an increase in delinquencies and our incurred losses.
The PMIERs require us to maintain significantly more "Minimum Required Assets" for delinquent loans than for performing loans. See our risk factor titled "We may not continue to meet the GSEs’ private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements and our returns may decrease if we are required to maintain more capital in order to maintain our eligibility."
Pandemics and other disasters could also lead to increased reinsurance rates or reduced availability of reinsurance. This may cause us to retain more risk than we otherwise would and could negatively affect our compliance with the financial requirements of State Capital Requirements and the PMIERs. Similarly, pandemics and other disasters may



impact the value of and cause volatility in our investment portfolio, which could also negatively affect our compliance with the financial requirements of PMIERs.
FHFA is working to incorporate climate risk considerations into its policy development and processes. The FHFA has instructed the GSEs to designate climate change as a priority concern and actively consider its effects in their decision making. FHFA has established internal working groups and a steering committee in order to ensure that the GSEs are accounting for the risks associated with climate change and natural disasters. In May 2024, FHFA published an advisory bulletin highlighting the need for the GSEs to establish, as appropriate, risk management practices that identify, assess, control, monitor and report climate-related risks, and the need to have appropriate risk management policies, standards, procedures, controls and reporting systems in place. It is possible that efforts to manage these risks by the FHFA, GSEs (including through GSE guideline or mortgage insurance policy changes) or others could materially impact the volume and characteristics of our NIW (including its policy terms), home prices in certain areas and defaults by borrowers in certain areas.

Reinsurance may be unavailable at current levels and prices, and/or the GSEs may reduce the amount of capital credit we receive for our reinsurance transactions.
We have in place QSR and XOL reinsurance transactions providing various amounts of coverage on our risk in force as of March 31, 2025. Refer to Part 1, Note 4 – “Reinsurance” and Part 1, Item 2 “Consolidated Results of Operations – Reinsurance Transactions” of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for more information about coverage under our reinsurance transactions. The reinsurance transactions reduce the tail-risk associated with stress scenarios. As a result, they reduce the risk-based capital that we are required to hold to support the risk and they allow us to earn higher returns on risk-based capital for our business than we would without them. However, market conditions impact the availability and cost of reinsurance. Reinsurance may not always be available to us, or available only on terms or at costs that we consider unacceptable. If we are not able to obtain reinsurance we will be required to hold additional capital to support our risk in force.

Reinsurance transactions subject us to counterparty risk, including the financial capability of the reinsurers to make payments for losses ceded to them under the reinsurance agreements. As reinsurance does not relieve us of our obligation to pay claims to our policyholders, our inability to recover losses from a reinsurer could have a material impact on our results of operations and financial condition.

The GSEs may change the credit they allow under the PMIERs for risk ceded under our reinsurance transactions. At present, the GSE capital framework provides more capital credit for transactions with higher rated counterparties, as well as those who are diversified. If the GSEs were to reduce the credit that we receive for reinsurance under the PMIERs, it could result in decreased returns absent an increase in our premium rates. An increase in our premium rates to adjust for a decrease in reinsurance credit may lead to a decrease in our NIW and net income.

Because we establish loss reserves only upon a loan delinquency rather than based on estimates of our ultimate losses on risk in force, losses may have a disproportionate adverse effect on our earnings in certain periods.
In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, we establish case reserves for insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses only when delinquency notices are received for insured loans that are two or more payments past due and for loans we estimate are delinquent but for which delinquency notices have not yet been received (which we include in “IBNR”). Losses that may occur from loans that are not delinquent are not reflected in our financial statements, except when a "premium deficiency" is recorded. A premium deficiency would be recorded if the present value of expected future losses and expenses exceeds the present value of expected future premiums, anticipated investment income, and already established loss reserves on the applicable loans. As a result, future losses incurred on loans that are not currently delinquent may have a material impact on future results as delinquencies emerge. As of March 31, 2025, we had established case reserves and reported losses incurred for 25,438 loans in our delinquency inventory and our IBNR reserve totaled $29 million. The number of loans in our delinquency inventory may increase from that level as a result of economic conditions relating to current global events or other factors and our losses incurred may increase.
State capital requirements may prevent us from continuing to write new insurance on an uninterrupted basis.
The insurance laws of 16 jurisdictions, including Wisconsin, MGIC's domiciliary state, require a mortgage insurer to maintain a minimum amount of statutory capital relative to its risk in force (or a similar measure) in order for the mortgage insurer to continue to write new business. We refer to these requirements as the “State Capital Requirements.” While they vary among jurisdictions, the most common State Capital Requirements allow for a maximum risk-to-capital ratio of 25 to 1. A risk-to-capital ratio will increase if (i) the percentage decrease in capital exceeds the percentage decrease in insured risk, or (ii) the percentage increase in capital is less than the percentage increase in insured risk. Wisconsin does not regulate capital by using a risk-to-capital measure but instead requires a minimum policyholder position (“MPP”). MGIC's “policyholder position” includes its net worth, or surplus, and its contingency reserve.



At March 31, 2025, MGIC’s risk-to-capital ratio was 9.8 to 1, below the maximum allowed by the jurisdictions with State Capital Requirements, and its policyholder position was $3.8 billion above the required MPP of $2.2 billion. Our risk-to-capital ratio and MPP reflect credit for the risk ceded under our reinsurance agreements with unaffiliated reinsurers. If MGIC is not allowed an agreed level of credit under the State Capital Requirements, MGIC may terminate the reinsurance transactions, without penalty.
In 2023, the NAIC adopted a revised Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Model Act. The updated Model Act includes requirements relating to, among other things: (i) capital and minimum capital requirements, and contingency reserves; (ii) restrictions on mortgage insurers’ investments in notes secured by mortgages; (iii) prudent underwriting standards and formal underwriting guidelines; (iv) the establishment of formal, internal “Mortgage Guaranty Quality Control Programs” with respect to in-force business; and (v) reinsurance and prohibitions on captive reinsurance arrangements. It is uncertain when the revised Model Act will be adopted in any jurisdiction. The provisions of the Model Act, if adopted in their final form, are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our business. It is unknown whether any changes will be made by state legislatures prior to adoption, and the effect changes, if any, will have on the mortgage guaranty insurance market generally, or on our business. Wisconsin, where MGIC is domiciled, has begun the process to replace current mortgage insurance regulations with the Model Act, though it is expected that some changes will be made before formal adoption.
While MGIC currently meets the State Capital Requirements of Wisconsin and all other jurisdictions, it could be prevented from writing new business in the future in all jurisdictions if it fails to meet the State Capital Requirements of Wisconsin, or it could be prevented from writing new business in a particular jurisdiction if it fails to meet the State Capital Requirements of that jurisdiction, and in each case if MGIC does not obtain a waiver of such requirements. It is possible that regulatory action by one or more jurisdictions, including those that do not have specific State Capital Requirements, may prevent MGIC from continuing to write new insurance in such jurisdictions. If we are unable to write business in a particular jurisdiction, lenders may be unwilling to procure insurance from us anywhere. In addition, a lender’s assessment of the future ability of our insurance operations to meet the State Capital Requirements or the PMIERs may affect its willingness to procure insurance from us. In this regard, see our risk factor titled “Competition or changes in our relationships with our customers could reduce our revenues, reduce our premium yields and/or increase our losses.” A possible future failure by MGIC to meet the State Capital Requirements or the PMIERs will not necessarily mean that MGIC lacks sufficient resources to pay claims on its insurance liabilities. You should read the rest of these risk factors for information about matters that could negatively affect MGIC’s compliance with State Capital Requirements and its claims paying resources.
If the volume of low down payment home mortgage originations declines, the amount of insurance that we write could decline.
The factors that may affect the volume of low down payment mortgage originations include the health of the U.S. economy; conditions in regional and local economies and the level of consumer confidence; the health and stability of the financial services industry; restrictions on mortgage credit due to more stringent underwriting standards, liquidity issues or risk-retention and/or capital requirements affecting lenders; the level of home mortgage interest rates; housing affordability; new and existing housing availability; the rate of household formation, which is influenced, in part, by population and immigration trends; homeownership rates; the rate of home price appreciation, which in times of heavy refinancing can affect whether refinanced loans have LTV ratios that require private mortgage insurance; tax policy; and government housing policy encouraging equitable housing and loans to first-time homebuyers. A decline in the volume of low down payment home mortgage originations could decrease demand for mortgage insurance and limit our NIW. For other factors that could decrease the demand for mortgage insurance, see our risk factor titled “The amount of insurance we write could be adversely affected if lenders and investors select alternatives to private mortgage insurance or are unable to obtain capital relief for mortgage insurance.”
The amount of insurance we write could be adversely affected if lenders and investors select alternatives to private mortgage insurance or are unable to obtain capital relief for mortgage insurance.
Alternatives to private mortgage insurance include:
investors using risk mitigation and credit risk transfer techniques other than private mortgage insurance, or accepting credit risk without credit enhancement,
lenders and other investors holding mortgages in portfolio and self-insuring,
lenders using FHA, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs ("VA") and other government mortgage insurance programs, and
lenders originating mortgages using piggyback structures to avoid private mortgage insurance, such as a first mortgage with an 80% loan-to-value ("LTV") ratio and a second mortgage with a 10%, 15% or 20% LTV ratio rather than a first mortgage with a 90%, 95% or 100% LTV ratio that has private mortgage insurance.
The GSEs’ charters generally require credit enhancement for a low down payment mortgage loan (a loan in an amount that exceeds 80% of a home’s value) in order for such loan to be eligible for purchase by the GSEs. Private mortgage



insurance generally has been purchased by lenders in primary mortgage market transactions to satisfy this credit enhancement requirement. In 2018, the GSEs initiated secondary mortgage market programs with loan level mortgage default coverage provided by various (re)insurers that are not mortgage insurers governed by PMIERs, and that are not selected by the lenders. These programs, which currently account for a small percentage of the low down payment market, compete with traditional private mortgage insurance and, due to differences in policy terms, they may offer premium rates that are below prevalent single premium lender-paid mortgage insurance ("LPMI") rates. We participate in these programs from time to time. See our risk factor titled “Changes in the business practices of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac ("the GSEs"), federal legislation that changes their charters or a restructuring of the GSEs could reduce our revenues or increase our losses” for a discussion of various business practices of the GSEs that may be changed, including through expansion or modification of these programs.
The GSEs (and other investors) have also used other forms of credit enhancement that did not involve traditional private mortgage insurance, such as engaging in credit-linked note transactions executed in the capital markets, or using other forms of debt issuances or securitizations that transfer credit risk directly to other investors, including competitors and an affiliate of MGIC; using other risk mitigation techniques in conjunction with reduced levels of private mortgage insurance coverage; or accepting credit risk without credit enhancement.
Government-supported mortgage insurance programs are not subject to the same capital requirements, risk tolerance or business objectives as private mortgage insurance companies and generally have greater financial flexibility in setting their pricing, guidelines and capacity, which could put us at a competitive disadvantage. If the FHA or other government-supported mortgage insurance programs increase their share of the mortgage insurance market, our business could be affected. Factors that influence market share include relative rates and fees, underwriting guidelines and loan limits of the FHA, VA, private mortgage insurers and the GSEs; changes to the GSEs' business practices; lenders' perceptions of legal risks under FHA versus GSE programs; flexibility for the FHA to establish new products as a result of federal legislation and programs; returns expected to be obtained by lenders for Ginnie Mae securitization of FHA-insured loans compared to those obtained from selling loans to the GSEs for securitization; and differences in policy terms, such as the ability of a borrower to cancel insurance coverage under certain circumstances.
The FHA's share of the low down payment residential mortgages that were subject to FHA, VA, USDA or primary private mortgage insurance was 33.5% in 2024, 33.2% in 2023, and 26.7% in 2022. Since 2012, the FHA’s market share has been as low as 23.4% (2020) and as high as 42.1% (in 2012). In February, 2023 the FHA announced a 30-basis point decrease in its mortgage insurance premium rates. This rate reduction has negatively impacted our NIW. The extent of the future impact of this rate reduction, or that of any other future government-supported mortgage insurance program premium changes, on our NIW is uncertain.
The VA's share of the low down payment residential mortgages that were subject to FHA, VA, USDA or primary private mortgage insurance was 24.5% in 2024, 21.5% in 2023, and 24.5% in 2022. Since 2012, the VA's market share has been as high as 30.9% (in 2020). The VA's 2023 market share was the lowest since 2013 (22.8%). The VA program offers 100% LTV ratio loans for qualifying borrowers.
In July 2023, the Federal Reserve Board, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency proposed a revised regulatory capital rule that would impose higher capital standards on large U.S. banks. Under the proposed regulation's new expanded risk-based approach, affected banks would no longer receive risk-based capital relief for mortgage insurance on loans held in their portfolios. If adopted as proposed, the regulation is expected to have a negative effect on our NIW; however, at this time it is difficult to predict the extent of the impact. In September 2024, it was announced that regulators may revise the proposed rule, including by lowering the proposed-risk weighting for loans secured by residential real estate. It is unknown at this time what, if any, effect this would have on our NIW. More recently, in November 2024, it was announced that the proposed rule will be placed on hold. It is possible that in the future the current Presidential Administration will revise or withdraw the proposed rule.
The length of time our insurance policies remain in force has a significant impact on our results.
The premium from a single premium policy is collected upfront and generally earned over the estimated life of the policy. In contrast, premiums from monthly and annual premium policies are received each month or year, as applicable, and earned each month over the life of the policy. In each year, most of our premiums earned are from insurance that has been written in prior years. As a result, the length of time insurance remains in force, which is generally measured by annual persistency (the percentage of our insurance remaining in force from one year prior), is a significant determinant of our revenues. A higher than expected persistency rate may decrease the profitability from single premium policies because they will remain in force longer and may increase the incidence of claims that was estimated when the policies were written. A low persistency rate on monthly and annual premium policies will reduce future premiums but may also reduce the incidence of claims, while a high persistency on those policies will increase future premiums but may increase the incidence of claims.
Our annual persistency rate was 84.7% at March 31, 2025, 84.8% at December 31, 2024, and 86.1% at December 31, 2023. Since 2018, our annual persistency rate ranged from a high of 86.3% at September 30, 2023, to a low of 60.7% at March 31, 2021. Our persistency rate is primarily affected by the level of current mortgage interest rates compared



to the mortgage coupon rates on our insurance in force, which affects the vulnerability of the IIF to refinancing; and the current amount of equity that borrowers have in the homes underlying our insurance in force. The amount of equity affects persistency in the following ways:
Borrowers with significant equity may be able to refinance their loans without requiring mortgage insurance.
The Homeowners Protection Act (“HOPA”) requires servicers to cancel mortgage insurance when a borrower’s LTV ratio meets or is scheduled to meet certain levels, generally based on the original value of the home and subject to various conditions and exclusions.
The GSEs’ mortgage insurance cancellation guidelines apply more broadly than HOPA and also consider a home’s current value. For more information about the GSEs' guidelines and business practices, and how they may change, see our risk factor titled “Changes in the business practices of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac ("the GSEs"), federal legislation that changes their charters or a restructuring of the GSEs could reduce our revenues or increase our losses.
We are susceptible to disruptions in the servicing of mortgage loans that we insure and we rely on third-party reporting for information regarding the mortgage loans we insure.
We depend on reliable, consistent third-party servicing of the loans that we insure. An increase in delinquent loans may result in liquidity issues for servicers. When a mortgage loan that is collateral for a mortgage-backed security ("MBS") becomes delinquent, the servicer is usually required to continue to pay principal and interest to the MBS investors, generally for four months, even though the servicer is not receiving payments from borrowers. This may cause liquidity issues, especially for non-bank servicers (who service approximately 56% of the loans underlying our IIF as of March 31, 2025) because they do not have the same sources of liquidity that bank servicers have.
While there has been no disruption in our premium receipts through the first quarter of 2025, servicers who experience future liquidity issues may be less likely to advance premiums to us on policies covering delinquent loans or to remit premiums on policies covering loans that are not delinquent. Our policies generally allow us to cancel coverage on loans that are not delinquent if the premiums are not paid within a grace period.
An increase in delinquent loans or a transfer of servicing resulting from liquidity issues, may increase the operational burden on servicers, cause a disruption in the servicing of delinquent loans and reduce servicers’ abilities to undertake mitigation efforts that could help limit our losses.
We have delegated authority to the GSEs to implement certain loss mitigation options (e.g., modifications, short sales, deeds-in-lieu and foreclosure bidding) on certain loans we insure. The GSEs in turn have delegated such authority to most of their approved servicers, pursuant to delegation agreements. Servicers who service GSE-owned loans are required to operate under the GSEs' required standards in accepting certain loss mitigation alternatives. We rely on these servicers to appropriately make decisions to mitigate our exposure to loss. In some cases, loss mitigation decisions may not be favorable to us and may increase the incidence of paid claims. Ineffective delegation procedures or the failure of servicers to operate pursuant to required standards may increase our losses and have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. We may terminate delegation of these loss management mitigation decisions to the GSEs; however, such termination may adversely affect our relationships with the GSEs and servicers.
The information presented in this report and on our website with respect to the mortgage loans we insure is based on information reported to us by third parties, including the servicers and originators of the mortgage loans, and information presented may be subject to lapses or inaccuracies in reporting from such third parties. In many cases, we may not be aware that information reported to us is incorrect until such time as a claim is made against us under the relevant insurance policy. We do not consistently receive monthly policy status information from servicers for single premium policies and may not be aware that the mortgage loans insured by such policies have been repaid. We periodically attempt to determine if coverage is still in force on such policies by asking the last servicer of record or through the periodic reconciliation of loan information with certain servicers. It may be possible that our reports continue to reflect, as active, policies on mortgage loans that have been repaid.
Risk Factors Relating to Our Business Generally
If our risk management programs are not effective in identifying, or adequate in controlling or mitigating, the risks we face, or if the models we use are inaccurate, it could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our enterprise risk management program, described in "Business - Our Products and Services - Risk Management" in Item 1 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, may not be effective in identifying, or adequate in controlling or mitigating, the risks we face in our business.
We employ proprietary and third-party models for a wide range of purposes, including the following: projecting losses, premiums, expenses, and returns; pricing products (through our risk-based pricing system); determining the techniques used to underwrite insurance; estimating reserves; evaluating risk; determining internal capital requirements; and performing stress testing. These models rely on estimates, projections, and assumptions that are



inherently uncertain and may not always operate as intended. This can be especially true when extraordinary events occur, such as wars, periods of extreme inflation, pandemics, or environmental disasters related to changing climatic conditions. In addition, our models are continuously updated over time. Changes in models or model assumptions could lead to material changes in our future expectations, returns, or financial results. The models we employ are complex, which could increase our risk of error in their design, implementation, or use. Also, the associated input data, assumptions, and calculations may not always be correct or accurate and the controls we have in place to mitigate these risks may not be effective in all cases. The risks related to our models may increase when we change assumptions, methodologies, or modeling platforms. Moreover, we may use information we receive through enhancements to refine or otherwise change existing assumptions and/or methodologies.

Information technology system failures or interruptions may materially impact our operations and/or adversely affect our financial results.
We are heavily dependent on our information technology systems to conduct our business. Our ability to efficiently operate our business depends significantly on the reliability and capacity of our systems and technology. The failure of our systems and technology, or our disaster recovery and business continuity plans, to operate effectively could affect our ability to provide our products and services to customers, reduce efficiency, or cause delays in operations. Significant capital investments might be required to remediate any such problems. We are also dependent on our ongoing relationships with key technology providers, including provisioning of their services, products and technologies, and their ability to support those products and technologies. The inability of these providers to successfully provide and support those products could have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
From time to time we upgrade, automate or otherwise transform our information systems, business processes, risk-based pricing system, and our system for evaluating risk. Certain information systems have been in place for a number of years and it has become increasingly difficult to support their operation. The implementation of technological and business process improvements, as well as their integration with customer and third-party systems when applicable, is complex, expensive and time consuming. If we fail to timely and successfully implement and integrate the new technology systems, if the third party providers upon which we are reliant do not perform as expected, if our legacy systems fail to operate as required, or if the upgraded systems and/or transformed and automated business processes do not operate as expected, it could have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
We could be materially adversely affected by a cybersecurity breach or failure of information security controls.
As part of our business, we maintain large amounts of confidential and proprietary information both on our own servers and those of cloud computing services. This includes personal information of consumers and our employees. Personal information is subject to an increasing number of federal and state laws and regulations regarding privacy and data security, as well as contractual commitments. Any failure or perceived failure by us, or by the vendors with whom we share this information, to comply with such obligations may result in damage to our reputation, financial losses, litigation, increased costs, regulatory penalties or customer dissatisfaction.

All information technology systems are potentially vulnerable to damage or interruption from a variety of sources, including by cyber attacks, such as those involving ransomware. We regularly defend against threats to our data and systems, including malware and computer virus attacks, unauthorized access, system failures and disruptions. Threats have the potential to jeopardize the information processed and stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks and otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations, which could result in damage to our reputation, financial losses, litigation, increased costs, regulatory penalties or customer dissatisfaction. We could be similarly affected by threats against our vendors and/or third-parties with whom we share information.

Globally, attacks are expected to continue accelerating in both frequency and sophistication with increasing use by actors of tools and techniques that may hinder our ability to identify, investigate and recover from incidents. The development and use of artificial intelligence ("AI") may increase our information security risks. For example, it may be more difficult to defend against cybersecurity breaches if AI is used to create attacks or bypass security measures. The relative newness of AI technology, and the lack of laws, regulations or standards governing its use may also increase the risk of misuse by us or by third parties with whom we do business. Cyber attacks may additionally increase as a result of retaliation by threat actors against actions taken by the U.S. and other countries in connection with wars and other global events. We operate under a hybrid workforce model and such model may be more vulnerable to security breaches.

While we have information security policies and systems in place to secure our information technology systems and to prevent unauthorized access to or disclosure of sensitive information, there can be no assurance with respect to our systems and those of our third-party vendors that unauthorized access to the systems or disclosure of sensitive information, either through the actions of third parties or employees, will not occur. Due to our reliance on information technology systems, including ours and those of our customers and third-party service providers, and to the sensitivity of the information that we maintain, unauthorized access to the systems or disclosure of the information



could adversely affect our reputation, severely disrupt our operations, result in a loss of business and expose us to material claims for damages and may require that we provide free credit monitoring services to individuals affected by a security breach.

Should we experience an unauthorized disclosure of information or a cyber attack, including those involving ransomware, some of the costs we incur may not be recoverable through insurance, or legal or other processes, and this may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our underwriting practices and the mix of business we write affects our Minimum Required Assets under the PMIERs, our premium yields and the likelihood of losses occurring.
The Minimum Required Assets under the PMIERs are, in part, a function of the direct risk-in-force and the risk profile of the loans we insure, considering LTV ratio, credit score, vintage, Home Affordable Refinance Program ("HARP") status and delinquency status; and whether the loans were insured under lender-paid mortgage insurance policies or other policies that are not subject to automatic termination consistent with the Homeowners Protection Act requirements for borrower-paid mortgage insurance. Therefore, if our direct risk-in-force increases through increases in NIW, or if our mix of business changes to include loans with higher LTV ratios or lower FICO scores, for example, all other things equal, we will be required to hold more Available Assets in order to maintain GSE eligibility.
Depending on the actual life of a single premium policy and its premium rate relative to that of a monthly premium policy, a single premium policy may generate more or less premium than a monthly premium policy over its life. The percentage of our NIW from all single premium policies was 2.4% in 2024. Beginning in 2012, the annual percentage of our NIW from single premium policies has been as low as 2.4% in 2024 and as high as 20.4% in 2015.
As discussed in our risk factor titled "Reinsurance may be unavailable at current levels and prices, and/or the GSEs may reduce the amount of capital credit we receive for our reinsurance transactions," we have in place various QSR transactions. Although the transactions reduce our premiums, they have a lesser impact on our overall results, as losses ceded under the transactions reduce our losses incurred and the ceding commissions we receive reduce our underwriting expenses. The effect of the QSR transactions on the various components of pre-tax income will vary from period to period, depending on the level of ceded losses incurred. We also have in place various XOL reinsurance transactions under which we cede premiums. Under the XOL reinsurance transactions, for the respective reinsurance coverage periods, we retain the first layer of aggregate losses and the reinsurers provide second layer coverage up to the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount.
In addition to the effect of reinsurance on our premiums, if credit performance remains strong and loss ratios remain low, we expect a decline in our in force portfolio yield over time as competition in the industry results in lower premium rates. Refinance transactions on single premium policies benefit the yield due to the impact of accelerated earned premium from cancellation prior to their estimated life. Recent low levels of refinance transactions have reduced that benefit.
Our ability to rescind insurance coverage became more limited for new insurance written beginning in mid-2012, and it became further limited for new insurance written under our revised master policy that became effective March 1, 2020. These limitations may result in higher losses paid than would be the case under our previous master policies.
From time to time, in response to market conditions, we change the types of loans that we insure. We also may change our underwriting guidelines, including by agreeing with certain approval recommendations from a GSE automated underwriting system. We also make exceptions to our underwriting requirements on a loan-by-loan basis and for certain customer programs. Our underwriting requirements are available on our website at http://www.mgic.com/underwriting.

Even when home prices are stable or rising, mortgages with certain characteristics have higher probabilities of claims. As of March 31, 2025, mortgages with these characteristics in our primary risk in force included mortgages with LTV ratios greater than 95% (17%), mortgages with borrowers having FICO scores below 680 (6%), including those with borrowers having FICO scores of 620-679 (6%), mortgages with limited underwriting, including limited borrower documentation (1%), and mortgages with borrowers having DTI ratios greater than 45% (or where no ratio is available) (20%). Each attribute is determined at the time of loan origination. Loans with more than one of these attributes accounted for 5% of our primary risk in force as of March 31, 2025, and 5% of our primary risk in force for both December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. When home prices increase, interest rates increase and/or the percentage of our NIW from purchase transactions increases, our NIW on mortgages with higher LTV ratios and higher DTI ratios may increase. Our NIW on mortgages with LTV ratios greater than 95% was 13% for the first quarter of 2025, 15% for the first quarter of 2024, 13% for the first quarter of 2023, and 14% for the full year 2024. Our NIW on mortgages with DTI ratios greater than 45% was 31% in the first quarter of 2025, 28% in the first quarter of 2024, 23% in the first quarter of 2023, and 29% for the full year 2024. Our NIW on mortgages with borrowers having FICO scores less than 680 was 4% in the first quarter of 2025, 3% in the first quarter of 2024, 5% in the first quarter of 2023, and 4% for the full year 2024.




From time to time, we change the processes we use to underwrite loans. For example: we rely on information provided to us by lenders that was obtained from certain of the GSEs’ automated appraisal and income verification tools, which may produce results that differ from the results that would have been determined using different methods; we accept GSE appraisal waivers for certain loans; and we accept GSE appraisal flexibilities that allow property valuations in certain transactions to be based on appraisals that do not involve an onsite or interior inspection of the property. Our acceptance of automated GSE appraisal and income verification tools, GSE appraisal waivers and GSE appraisal flexibilities may affect our pricing and risk assessment. We also continue to further automate our underwriting processes and it is possible that our automated processes result in our insuring loans that we would have insured at a different premium rate or not otherwise have insured under our prior processes.
Approximately 70% of our NIW in the first quarter of 2025 and 71% of our 2024 NIW was originated under delegated underwriting programs pursuant to which the loan originators had authority on our behalf to underwrite the loans for our mortgage insurance. For loans originated through a delegated underwriting program, we depend on the originators' compliance with our guidelines and rely on the originators' representations that the loans being insured satisfy the underwriting guidelines, eligibility criteria and other requirements. While we have established systems and processes to monitor whether certain aspects of our underwriting guidelines were being followed by the originators, such systems may not ensure that the guidelines were being strictly followed at the time the loans were originated.
The widespread use of risk-based pricing systems by the private mortgage insurance industry (discussed in our risk factor titled "Competition or changes in our relationships with our customers could reduce our revenues, reduce our premium yields and / or increase our losses") makes it more difficult to compare our premium rates to those offered by our competitors. We may not be aware of industry rate changes until we observe that our mix of new insurance written has changed and our mix may fluctuate more as a result.
In March 2024, the National Association of Realtors ("NAR") reached a settlement agreement to resolve a series of lawsuits against it. As part of the settlement, NAR now prohibits the requirement that home sellers, through the seller's agent commission structure, offer to pay the real estate brokerage fees of homebuyers' real estate agents in order to list for-sale properties on NAR-affiliated Multiple Listing Services. If the expense of the buyer's agent commission is shifted to the buyer, it may negatively impact the ability of the buyer to secure financing.
The premiums we charge may not be adequate to compensate us for our liabilities for losses and as a result any inadequacy could materially affect our financial condition and results of operations.
When we set our premiums at policy issuance, we have expectations regarding likely performance of the insured risks over the long term. Generally, we cannot cancel mortgage insurance coverage or adjust renewal premiums during the life of a policy. As a result, changes in economic conditions or the practices of the GSEs, higher than anticipated claims, or other unexpected events generally cannot be addressed by premium increases on policies in force or mitigated by our non-renewal or cancellation of insurance coverage. Our premiums are subject to approval by state regulatory agencies, which can delay or limit our ability to increase premiums on future policies. In addition, our customized rate plans may delay our ability to increase premiums on future policies covered by such plans. The premiums we charge, the investment income we earn and the amount of reinsurance we carry may not be adequate to compensate us for the risks and costs associated with the insurance coverage provided to customers. An increase in the number or size of claims, compared to what we anticipated when we set the premiums, could adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition. Our premium rates are also based in part on the amount of capital we are required to hold against the insured risk. If the amount of capital we are required to hold increases from the amount we were required to hold when we set the premiums, our returns may be lower than we assumed. For a discussion of the amount of capital we are required to hold, see our risk factor titled "We may not continue to meet the GSEs’ private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements and our returns may decrease if we are required to maintain more capital in order to maintain our eligibility."
If state or federal regulations or statutes are changed in ways that ease mortgage lending standards and/or requirements, or if lenders seek ways to replace business in times of lower mortgage originations, it is possible that more mortgage loans could be originated with higher risk characteristics than are currently being originated, such as loans with lower FICO scores and higher DTI ratios. Governmental efforts to increase homeownership opportunities for borrowers is likely to have this effect. Lenders could pressure mortgage insurers to insure such loans, which are expected to experience higher claim rates. Although we attempt to incorporate these higher expected claim rates into our underwriting and pricing models, there can be no assurance that the premiums earned and the associated investment income will be adequate to compensate for actual losses paid even under our current underwriting requirements.
Actual or perceived instability in the financial services industry or non-performance by financial institutions or transactional counterparties could materially impact our business.
Limited liquidity, defaults, non-performance or other adverse developments that affect financial institutions, transactional counterparties or other companies in the financial services industry with which we do business, or concerns or rumors about the possibility of such events, have in the past and may in the future lead to market-wide liquidity problems. Such conditions may negatively impact our results and/or financial condition. While we are unable to predict the full impact of these conditions, they may lead to among other things: disruption to the mortgage



market, delayed access to deposits or other financial assets; losses of deposits in excess of federally-insured levels; reduced access to, or increased costs associated with, funding sources and other credit arrangements adequate to finance our current or future operations; increased regulatory pressure; the inability of our counterparties and/or customers to meet their obligations to us; economic downturn; and rising unemployment levels. Refer to our risk factor titled “Downturns in the domestic economy or declines in home prices may result in more homeowners defaulting and our losses increasing, with a corresponding decrease in our returns” for more information about the potential effects of a deterioration of economic conditions on our business.
We routinely execute transactions with counterparties in the financial services industry, including commercial banks, brokers and dealers, investment banks, reinsurers, and our customers. Many of these transactions expose us to credit risk and losses in the event of a default by a counterparty or customer. Any such losses could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We rely on our management team and our business could be harmed if we are unable to retain qualified personnel or successfully develop and/or recruit their replacements.
Our success depends, in part, on the skills, working relationships and continued services of our management team and other key personnel. The unexpected departure of key personnel could adversely affect the conduct of our business. In such event, we would be required to obtain other personnel to manage and operate our business. In addition, we will be required to replace the knowledge and expertise of our aging workforce as our workers retire. In either case, there can be no assurance that we would be able to develop or recruit suitable replacements for the departing individuals; that replacements could be hired, if necessary, on terms that are favorable to us; or that we can successfully transition such replacements in a timely manner. We currently have not entered into any employment agreements with our officers or key personnel.Volatility or lack of performance in our stock price may affect our ability to retain our key personnel or attract replacements should key personnel depart. Without a properly skilled and experienced workforce, our costs, including productivity costs and costs to replace employees may increase, and this could negatively impact our earnings.
Competition or changes in our relationships with our customers could reduce our revenues, reduce our premium yields and / or increase our losses.
The mortgage insurance industry is highly competitive and is expected to remain so. Our competitors primarily include other private mortgage insurers and governmental agencies, principally the FHA and VA. We believe we currently compete with other private mortgage insurers based on premium rates, underwriting requirements, financial strength (including based on credit or financial strength ratings), customer relationships, name recognition, reputation, strength of management teams and field organizations, the ancillary products and services provided to lenders, and the effective use of technology and innovation in the delivery and servicing of our mortgage insurance products. Recently reported increases in the credit quality of borrowers, and the relative financial results of the existing mortgage insurance companies, may encourage new entrants into the private mortgage insurance industry, which could further increase competition in our business. Changes in the competitive landscape, including as a result of new market entrants, may adversely impact our results.
Our relationships with our customers, which may affect the amount of our NIW, could be adversely affected by a variety of factors, including if our premium rates are higher than those of our competitors, our underwriting requirements are more restrictive than those of our competitors, our customers are dissatisfied with our claims-paying practices (including insurance policy rescissions and claim curtailments), or the availability of alternatives to mortgage insurance.
In recent years, pricing has become a key competitive factor in the private mortgage insurance market, with an increasing number of customers prioritizing the lowest premium rate available for any particular loan. The industry has materially reduced its use of standard rate cards, which were fairly consistent among competitors, and correspondingly increased its use of (i) pricing systems that use a spectrum of filed rates to allow for formulaic, risk-based pricing based on multiple attributes that may be quickly adjusted within certain parameters, and (ii) customized rate plans pursuant to which rates may be available to customers for a defined period of time. The widespread use of risk-based pricing systems by the private mortgage insurance industry makes it more difficult to compare our rates to those offered by our competitors. We may not be aware of industry rate changes until we observe that our volume of NIW has changed. In addition, business under customized rate plans is awarded by certain customers for only limited periods of time. As a result, our NIW may fluctuate more than it had in the past. Failure to maintain our business relationships and business volumes with our largest customers could materially impact our business. Regarding the concentration of our new business, our top ten customers accounted for approximately 36% and 37% in the twelve months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively. Our largest customer accounted for approximately 20% and 17% of our NIW in the twelve months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.
We monitor various competitive and economic factors while seeking to balance both profitability and market share considerations in developing our pricing strategies. Our premium yield is expected to decline over time as older insurance policies with premium rates that are generally higher run off and new insurance policies with premium rates that are generally lower remain on our books.



Additionally, technological advancements and innovation are occurring at a rapid pace that may continue to accelerate. Our competitive position could be impacted if we are unable to utilize, in a cost effective and competitive manner, technology such as AI and machine learning that collects and analyzes data to inform underwriting or other decisions, or if our competitors collect and use data which we do not have the ability to access or use. Changes in technology related to collection and application of data could expose us to regulatory or legal actions and may have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, results of operations and financial condition.
Certain of our competitors have access to capital at a lower cost than we do (including, through off-shore intercompany reinsurance vehicles, which have tax advantages that may increase if U.S. corporate income taxes increase). As a result, they may be able to achieve higher after-tax rates of return on their NIW compared to us, which could allow them to leverage reduced premium rates to gain market share, and they may be better positioned to compete outside of traditional mortgage insurance, including by participating in alternative forms of credit enhancement pursued by the GSEs discussed in our risk factor titled "The amount of insurance we write could be adversely affected if lenders and investors select alternatives to private mortgage insurance or are unable to obtain capital relief for mortgage insurance."
Adverse rating agency actions could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Financial strength ratings, which various rating agencies publish as independent opinions of an insurer's financial strength and ability to meet ongoing insurance and contract obligations, are important to maintaining public confidence in our mortgage insurance coverage and our competitive position. PMIERs requires approved insurers to maintain at least one rating with a rating agency acceptable to the respective GSEs. Downgrades in our financial strength ratings could materially affect our business and results of operations, including in the ways described below:

Our failure to maintain a rating acceptable to the GSEs could impact our eligibility as an approved insurer under PMIERs.
A downgrade in our financial strength ratings could result in increased scrutiny of our financial condition by the GSEs and/or our customers, potentially resulting in a decrease in the amount of our NIW.
If we are unable to compete effectively in the future as a result of the financial strength ratings assigned to our insurance subsidiaries, our future NIW could be negatively affected.
Our ability to participate in the non-GSE residential mortgage-backed securities market (the size of which has been limited since 2008, but may grow in the future), could depend on our ability to maintain and improve our investment grade ratings for our insurance subsidiaries. We could be competitively disadvantaged with some market participants because the financial strength ratings of our insurance subsidiaries are lower than at least one of our competitors and some of our competitors have financial strength ratings from rating agencies that do not rate our insurance subsidiaries. MGIC's financial strength rating from A.M. Best is A (with a stable outlook), from Moody’s is A3 (with a positive outlook) and from Standard & Poor’s is A- (with a stable outlook).
Financial strength ratings may also play a greater role if the GSEs no longer operate in their current capacities, for example, due to legislative or regulatory action. In addition, although the PMIERs do not require minimum financial strength ratings, the GSEs consider financial strength ratings to be important when using forms of credit enhancement other than traditional mortgage insurance, as discussed in our risk factor titled "The amount of insurance we write could be adversely affected if lenders and investors select alternatives to private mortgage insurance or are unable to obtain capital relief for mortgage insurance." Although we are currently unaware of a direct impact on MGIC, this could potentially become a competitive disadvantage in the future.
Downgrades to our ratings or the ratings of our mortgage insurance subsidiary could adversely affect our cost of funds, liquidity, and access to capital markets.
We are subject to the risk of legal proceedings.
We operate in a highly regulated industry that is subject to the risk of litigation and regulatory proceedings, including related to our claims paying practices. From time to time, we are a party to material litigation and are also subject to legal and regulatory claims, assertions, actions, reviews, audits, inquiries and investigations. Additional lawsuits, legal and regulatory proceedings and inquiries or other matters may arise in the future. The outcome of future legal and regulatory proceedings, inquiries or other matters could result in adverse judgments, settlements, fines, injunctions, restitutions or other relief which could require significant expenditures or have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. See our risk factor titled "We are subject to comprehensive regulation and other requirements, which we may fail to satisfy" for additional information about risks related to government enforcement actions.
From time to time, we are involved in disputes and legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. In our opinion, based on the facts known at this time, the ultimate resolution of these ordinary course disputes and legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. Under ASC



450-20, until a loss associated with settlement discussions or legal proceedings becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated, we do not accrue an estimated loss. When we determine that a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated, we record our best estimate of our probable loss. In those cases, until settlement negotiations or legal proceedings are concluded it is possible that we will record an additional loss.
Our success depends, in part, on our ability to manage risks in our investment portfolio.
Our investment portfolio is an important source of revenue and, along with future renewal premium, is a primary source of claims paying resources. Although our investment portfolio consists mostly of high quality, investment-grade fixed income investments, our investment portfolio is affected by general economic conditions and tax policy, which may adversely affect the markets for credit and interest-rate-sensitive securities, including the extent and timing of investor participation in these markets, the level and volatility of interest rates and credit spreads and, consequently, the value of our fixed income securities. Prevailing market rates have increased for various reasons, including inflationary pressures, which has reduced the fair value of our investment portfolio holdings relative to their amortized cost. The value of our investment portfolio may also be adversely affected by ratings downgrades, increased bankruptcies, and credit spreads widening. In addition, the collectability and valuation of our municipal bond portfolio may be adversely affected by budget deficits, and declining tax bases and revenues experienced by state and local municipalities. Our investment portfolio also includes commercial mortgage-backed securities, collateralized loan obligations, and asset-backed securities, which could be adversely affected by declines in real estate valuations, increases in unemployment, geopolitical risks and/or financial market disruption, including more restrictive lending conditions and a heightened collection risk on the underlying loans. As a result of these matters, we may not achieve our investment objectives and a reduction in the market value of our investments could have an adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition and results of operations.

We carry certain financial instruments at fair value and disclose the fair value of all financial instruments. Valuations use inputs and assumptions that are not always observable or may require estimation; valuation methods may be complex and may also require estimation, thereby resulting in values that are less certain and may vary significantly from the value at which the investments may be ultimately sold. For additional information about the methodologies, estimates and assumptions we use in determining the fair value of our investments refer to Note 3 of Item 8 in Part II our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 - "Fair Value Measurements."

Federal budget deficit concerns and the potential for political conflict over the U.S. government’s debt limit may increase the possibility of a default by the U.S. government on its debt obligations, related credit-rating downgrades, or an economic recession in the United States. Many of our investment securities are issued by the U.S. government and government agencies and sponsored entities. As a result of uncertain domestic political conditions, including potential future federal government shutdowns, the possibility of the federal government defaulting on its obligations due to debt ceiling limitations or other unresolved political issues, investments in financial instruments issued or guaranteed by the federal government pose liquidity risks. Any potential downgrades by rating agencies in long-term sovereign credit ratings, as well as sovereign debt issues facing the governments of other countries, could have a material adverse impact on financial markets and economic conditions worldwide.

For the significant portion of our investment portfolio that is held by MGIC, insurance regulations limit the type and extent of the investments we can make and are generally more restrictive for those investments with more credit risk or less liquidity. Similarly, under the PMIERs, our Available Assets are reduced by exclusions, limitations and haircuts related to our investment portfolio composition. These reductions are generally higher for those investments with more credit risk or less liquidity. We generally invest in investment grade fixed income securities whose yields reflect their lower credit risk profile. Our investment income depends upon the size of the portfolio and its reinvestment at prevailing interest rates. A prolonged period of low investment yields would have an adverse impact on our investment income as would a decrease in the size of the portfolio.

We structure our investment portfolio to satisfy our expected liabilities, including claim payments in our mortgage insurance business. If we underestimate our liabilities or improperly structure our investments to meet these liabilities, we could have unexpected losses resulting from the forced liquidation of fixed income investments before their maturity, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
The inability of our insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends in sufficient amounts would harm our ability to meet our obligations, pay future shareholder dividends and/or make future share repurchases.

MGIC Investment Corporation is the holding company for our insurance operating subsidiaries. At the holding company level, our principal assets are the shares of capital stock of our insurance company subsidiaries and cash and investments. Dividends and other permitted distributions from MGIC are the holding company's primary source of funds used to meet ongoing cash requirements, including future debt service payments, repurchases of its shares, payment of dividends to our shareholders, and other expenses. Other sources of holding company cash inflow include investment income and raising capital in the public markets. The payment of dividends from MGIC is subject to regulatory approval as described in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K. In general, dividends in excess of prescribed limits are deemed “extraordinary” and may not be paid if disapproved by the Office of the Commissioner of Insurance of the State of Wisconsin ("OCI"). The prescribed limits are based on a rolling 12-month period, and as such, the



impact of the limitations will vary over time. In the twelve months ended March 31, 2025, MGIC paid $750 million in dividends to the holding company. Future dividend payments from MGIC to the holding company will be determined in consultation with the Board of Directors, and after considering any updated estimates about our business, subject to regulatory approval.

The long-term debt obligations are owed by the holding company and not its subsidiaries. At March 31, 2025, we had approximately $824 million in cash and investments at our holding company and our holding company’s long-term debt obligations were $650 million in aggregate principal amount. Annual debt service on the long-term debt obligations outstanding as of March 31, 2025, is approximately $34 million. The inability of MGIC to pay dividends (or other intercompany amounts due) in an amount sufficient to enable us to meet our cash requirements at the holding company level could have an adverse effect on our operations, and our ability to repay debt, repurchase shares and/or pay dividends to shareholders.

If any capital contributions to our subsidiaries are required, such contributions would decrease our holding company cash and investments.
Your ownership in our company may be diluted by additional capital that we raise.
As noted above under our risk factor titled “We may not continue to meet the GSEs’ private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements and our returns may decrease if we are required to maintain more capital in order to maintain our eligibility,” although we are currently in compliance with the requirements of the PMIERs, there can be no assurance that we would not seek to issue additional debt capital or to raise additional equity or equity-linked capital to manage our capital position under the PMIERs or for other purposes. Any future issuance of equity securities may dilute your ownership interest in our company. In addition, the market price of our common stock could decline as a result of sales of a large number of shares or similar securities in the market or the perception that such sales could occur.
The price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly, which may make it difficult for holders to resell common stock when they want or at a price they find attractive.
The market price for our common stock may fluctuate significantly. In addition to the risk factors described herein, the following factors may have an adverse impact on the market price for our common stock: changes in general conditions in the economy or the housing market, the mortgage insurance industry or the financial stability of markets and financial services industry; announcements by us or our competitors of acquisitions or strategic initiatives; our actual or anticipated quarterly and annual operating results; changes in expectations of future financial performance (including incurred losses on our insurance in force); changes in estimates of securities analysts or rating agencies; actual or anticipated changes in our share repurchase program or dividends; changes in operating performance or market valuation of companies in the mortgage insurance industry; the addition or departure of key personnel; failure to establish and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting, changes in tax law; and adverse press or news announcements affecting us or the industry. In addition, ownership by certain types of investors may affect the market price and trading volume of our common stock. For example, ownership in our common stock by investors such as index funds and exchange-traded funds can affect the stock’s price when those investors must purchase or sell our common stock because the investors have experienced significant cash inflows or outflows, the index to which our common stock belongs has been rebalanced, or our common stock is added to and/or removed from an index (due to changes in our market capitalization, for example).

v3.25.1
Document and Entity Information - shares
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Apr. 25, 2025
Cover [Abstract]    
Document Type 10-Q  
Document Quarterly Report true  
Document Period End Date Mar. 31, 2025  
Document Transition Report false  
Entity File Number 1-10816  
Entity Registrant Name MGIC Investment Corp  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code WI  
Entity Tax Identification Number 39-1486475  
Entity Address, Address Line One 250 E. Kilbourn Avenue  
Entity Address, City or Town Milwaukee,  
Entity Address, State or Province WI  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 53202  
City Area Code (414)  
Local Phone Number 347-6480  
Title of each class Common stock  
Trading Symbol MTG  
Security Exchange Name NYSE  
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes  
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes  
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer  
Entity Small Business false  
Entity Emerging Growth Company false  
Entity Shell Company false  
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   237,437,433
Entity Central Index Key 0000876437  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2025  
Document Fiscal Period Focus Q1  
Amendment Flag false  
v3.25.1
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Investment portfolio:    
Fixed income available-for-sale $ 5,885,033 $ 5,851,689
Equity securities, at fair value (cost 2025 - $16,180; 2024 - $16,146) 14,915 14,762
Other invested assets, at cost 1,109 1,109
Total investment portfolio 5,901,057 5,867,560
Cash and cash equivalents 206,988 229,485
Restricted cash and cash equivalents 5,705 5,142
Accrued investment income 58,768 61,064
Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves 51,864 47,281
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses 1,847 4,197
Premiums receivable 56,273 57,536
Home office and equipment, net 34,468 35,679
Deferred insurance policy acquisition costs 11,114 11,694
Deferred income taxes, net 46,196 69,875
Other assets 160,856 157,722
Total assets 6,535,136 6,547,235
Liabilities:    
Loss reserves 465,033 462,662
Unearned premiums 111,987 120,360
Senior notes 645,035 644,667
Other liabilities 173,197 147,171
Total liabilities 1,395,252 1,374,860
Contingencies
Shareholders’ equity:    
Common stock 240,194 248,449
Paid-in capital 1,796,475 1,808,236
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (236,445) (288,162)
Retained earnings 3,339,660 3,403,852
Total shareholders’ equity 5,139,884 5,172,375
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 6,535,136 6,547,235
Fixed income    
Investment portfolio:    
Fixed income available-for-sale 5,542,864 5,511,564
Short-Term Investments    
Investment portfolio:    
Fixed income available-for-sale $ 342,169 $ 340,125
v3.25.1
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Fixed maturities, amortized cost $ 6,146,055 $ 6,178,123
Cost $ 16,180 $ 16,146
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 1.00 $ 1.00
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 1,000,000,000 1,000,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 240,194,000 248,449,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 240,194,000 248,449,000
Fixed income    
Fixed maturities, amortized cost $ 5,803,937 $ 5,838,145
Short-Term Investments    
Fixed maturities, amortized cost $ 342,118 $ 339,978
v3.25.1
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Premiums written:    
Direct $ 276,471 $ 275,203
Assumed 3,538 3,416
Ceded (44,663) (44,819)
Net premiums written 235,346 233,800
Decrease in unearned premiums, net 8,373 8,844
Net premiums earned 243,719 242,644
Investment income, net of expenses 61,443 59,744
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments 741 (8,509)
Other revenue 331 482
Total revenues 306,234 294,361
Losses and expenses:    
Losses incurred, net 9,591 4,555
Amortization of deferred insurance policy acquisition costs 1,657 2,009
Other underwriting and operating expenses, net 51,406 59,018
Interest expense 8,899 8,899
Total losses and expenses 71,553 74,481
Income before tax 234,681 219,880
Provision for income tax 49,221 45,783
Net income $ 185,460 $ 174,097
Earnings per share:    
Basic (in dollars per share) $ 0.76 $ 0.64
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ 0.75 $ 0.64
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic (in shares) 244,147 270,314
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares) 246,490 273,108
v3.25.1
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]    
Net Income (Loss) $ 185,460 $ 174,097
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:    
Change in unrealized investment gains and losses 51,671 (10,392)
Benefit plan adjustments 46 539
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 51,717 (9,853)
Comprehensive income (loss) $ 237,177 $ 164,244
v3.25.1
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Total
Common stock
Paid-in capital
Treasury stock
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Retained earnings
Balance, beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2023   $ 371,353 $ 1,808,113 $ (1,384,293) $ (316,281) $ 4,593,125
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]            
Reissuance of treasury stock, net under share-based compensation plans     (31,168) 12,122    
Equity compensation     11,105      
Purchases of common stock       (94,053)    
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax $ (9,853)       (9,853)  
Net Income (Loss) 174,097         174,097
Cash dividends           (31,924)
Balance, end of period at Mar. 31, 2024 5,102,343 371,353 1,788,050 (1,466,224) (326,134) 4,735,298
Balance, beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2023   371,353 1,808,113 (1,384,293) (316,281) 4,593,125
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]            
Purchases of common stock (566,600)          
Balance, end of period at Dec. 31, 2024 5,172,375 248,449 1,808,236 0 (288,162) 3,403,852
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]            
Issuance of common stock, net under share-based compensation plans   980 (19,848)      
Purchases of common stock (224,300) (9,235)       (217,104)
Equity compensation     8,087      
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 51,717       51,717  
Net Income (Loss) 185,460         185,460
Cash dividends (32,500)         (32,548)
Balance, end of period at Mar. 31, 2025 $ 5,139,884 $ 240,194 $ 1,796,475 $ 0 $ (236,445) $ 3,339,660
v3.25.1
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Cash flows from operating activities:    
Net Income (Loss) $ 185,460 $ 174,097
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:    
Depreciation and amortization 2,694 6,485
Deferred tax expense (benefit) 9,932 6,131
Equity compensation 8,087 11,105
Net (gains) losses on investments and other financial instruments (741) 8,509
Change in certain assets and liabilities:    
Accrued investment income 2,296 681
Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves (4,583) (5,898)
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses 2,350 9,341
Premiums receivable 1,263 2,466
Deferred insurance policy acquisition costs 580 745
Loss reserves 2,371 (932)
Unearned premiums (8,373) (8,844)
Return premium accrual (1,426) (2,600)
Current income taxes 61,087 39,839
Other, net (37,343) (50,588)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 223,654 190,537
Cash flows from investing activities:    
Purchases of investments (455,780) (327,757)
Proceeds from sales of investments 20,737 14,841
Proceeds from maturity of fixed income securities 467,543 338,885
Additions to property and equipment (125) 0
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 32,375 25,969
Cash flows from financing activities:    
Repurchase of common stock (225,176) (95,183)
Dividends paid (33,919) (33,353)
Payment of withholding taxes related to share-based compensation net share settlement (18,868) (19,046)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (277,963) (147,582)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents (21,934) 68,924
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 234,627 370,644
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 212,693 $ 439,568
v3.25.1
Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation
MGIC Investment Corporation is a holding company which, through Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation (“MGIC”), is principally engaged in the mortgage insurance business. We provide mortgage insurance to lenders throughout the United States and to government sponsored entities to protect against loss from defaults on low down payment residential mortgage loans. MGIC Assurance Corporation (“MAC”) and MGIC Indemnity Corporation (“MIC”), insurance subsidiaries of MGIC, provide insurance for certain mortgages under Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (the “GSEs”) credit risk transfer programs. We operate as a single segment for purposes of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of MGIC Investment Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q as prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim reporting and do not include all of the other information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). These statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024 included in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K. As used below, “we,” “our” and “us” refer to MGIC Investment Corporation’s consolidated operations or to MGIC Investment Corporation, as the context requires.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying financial statements include all adjustments, consisting primarily of normal recurring accruals, necessary to fairly state our consolidated financial position and consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated. The consolidated results of operations for an interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025.

The substantial majority of our NIW has been for loans purchased by the GSEs. The current private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements ("PMIERs") of the GSEs include financial requirements, as well as business, quality control and certain transactional approval requirements. The financial requirements of the PMIERs require a mortgage insurer’s "Available Assets" (generally only the most liquid assets of an insurer) to equal or exceed its "Minimum Required Assets" (which are based on an insurer's book of risk in force, and calculated from tables of factors with several risk dimensions). Based on our application of the PMIERs, as of March 31, 2025, MGIC’s Available Assets are in excess of its Minimum Required Assets; therefore MGIC is in compliance with the PMIERs and eligible to insure loans purchased by the GSEs.

Subsequent events
We have considered subsequent events through the date of this filing.
v3.25.1
Significant Accounting Policies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies Significant Accounting Policies
Prospective accounting and reporting developments
Relevant new amendments to accounting standards, which are not yet effective or adopted.

Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures: ASU 2023-09
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. This guidance for income tax disclosures requires consistent categories and greater disaggregations of information in the rate reconciliation and disclosure of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. We have evaluated the impacts the adoption of this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and determined that it will not have a material impact.

Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses: ASU 2024-03
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 requiring additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement. The new standard requires disclosures about specific expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement as well as disclosures about selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, as clarified by ASU 2025-01, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). The requirements will be applied prospectively with the option for retrospective application. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impacts the adoption of this guidance will have on our disclosures, but do not expect it to have a material impact.
v3.25.1
Debt
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Debt Debt
Debt obligations
The aggregate carrying value of our 5.25% Senior Notes (“5.25% Notes”) and the par value as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is presented in table 3.1 below.
Long-term debt obligation, carrying value
Table
3.1
(In thousands)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
5.25% Notes, due August 2028 (par value: $650 million)
$645,035 $644,667 

The 5.25% Notes are an obligation of our holding company, MGIC Investment Corporation.

See Note 7 - “Debt” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for additional information pertaining to our debt obligation. As of March 31, 2025, we are in compliance with our debt covenants.

Interest payments
Interest payments were $17.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
v3.25.1
Reinsurance
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]  
Reinsurance Reinsurance
We have in place reinsurance agreements executed under quota share reinsurance (“QSR”) transactions and excess-of-loss (“XOL”) transactions as discussed below. The effect of all of our reinsurance transactions on our consolidated statement of operations is shown in table 4.1 below.
Reinsurance
Table
4.1
 Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Premiums earned:
Direct$284,821 $284,021 
Assumed 3,561 3,442 
Ceded:
Ceded - quota share reinsurance (1)
(29,943)(28,715)
Ceded - excess-of-loss reinsurance(14,720)(16,104)
Total ceded(44,663)(44,819)
Net premiums earned$243,719 $242,644 
Losses incurred:
Direct$16,017 $10,979 
Assumed5 29 
Ceded - quota share reinsurance(6,431)(6,453)
Losses incurred, net$9,591 $4,555 
Other Reinsurance Impacts:
Profit commission on quota share reinsurance (1)
$28,695 $24,584 
Ceding commission on quota share reinsurance11,727 10,660 
(1)Ceded premiums earned are shown net of profit commission.

Quota share reinsurance
We have entered into QSR Transactions with panels of third-party reinsurers to cede a fixed percentage of premiums earned and received and losses incurred on insurance covered by the transactions. We receive the benefit of a ceding commission equal to 20% of premiums ceded before profit commission. We also receive the benefit of a profit commission through a reduction of premiums we cede. The profit commission varies inversely with the level of losses on a “dollar for dollar” basis and can be eliminated at certain annual loss ratios as defined below. Ceded losses incurred are impacted by the delinquencies covered by our QSR Transactions, our estimates of payments that will be ultimately made on those delinquencies, and claim payments covered by our QSR Transactions.

Each of our QSR Transactions typically have annual loss ratio caps of 300% and lifetime loss ratio caps of 200%.

Table 4.2 below provides additional detail regarding our QSR Transactions.

Quota Share Reinsurance
Table4.2
Quota Share ContractCovered Policy YearsQuota Share %
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (1)
Contractual Termination Date
2020 QSR and 2021 QSR
2021
14.8 %69.0 %December 31, 2036
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR202111.1 %69.0 %December 31, 2036
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR202215.0 %57.5 %December 31, 2033
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR202215.0 %62.0 %December 31, 2033
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR202315.0 %62.0 %December 31, 2034
2023 QSR202310.0 %58.5 %December 31, 2034
2024 QSR
2024
30.0 %56.0 %
'December 31, 2035
2025 QSR
2025
40.0 %63.0 %
'December 31, 2036
Credit Union QSR 2020-202565.0 %50.0 %December 31, 2039
(1) We will receive a profit commission provided the annual loss ratio on policies covered under the transaction remains below this ratio.
We can elect to terminate the QSR Transactions under specified scenarios without penalty upon prior written notice, including if we will receive less than 90% (80% for the Credit Union QSR Transaction) of the full credit amount under the PMIERs, full financial statement credit or full credit under applicable regulatory capital requirements for the risk ceded in any required calculation period.

Table 4.3 provides additional details regarding optional termination dates and optional reductions to our quota share percentage which can, in each case, be elected by us for a fee. Under the optional reduction to the quota share percentage, we may reduce our quota share percentage from the original percentage shown in table 4.2 to the percentage shown in table 4.3.

Quota Share Reinsurance
Table4.3
Quota Share ContractCovered Policy Years
Optional Termination Date (1)
Optional Quota Share % Reduction Date (2)
Optional Reduced Quota Share %
2020 QSR and 2021 QSR
2021
December 31, 2027
January 1, 2028
12.3% or 10%
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR
2021
December 31, 2027
January 1, 2028
9.4% or 7%
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR2022
July 1, 2025
January 1, 2025
12.5% or 10%
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR2022
July 1, 2025
January 1, 2025
12.5% or 10%
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR2023December 31, 2025January 1, 2025
12.5% or 10%
2023 QSR2023December 31, 2025January 1, 2025
8% or 7%
2024 QSR
2024
December 31, 2027
December 31, 2027
23% or 15%
2025 QSR
2025
December 31, 2027
December 31, 2027
30% or 20%
(1) We can elect early termination of the QSR Transaction beginning on this date, and semi-annually thereafter.
(2) We can elect to reduce the quota share percentage beginning on this date, and semi-annually thereafter.

We have executed a 40% QSR transaction with a group of unaffiliated reinsurers covering most of our new insurance written in 2026.

Under the terms of our QSR Transactions, ceded premiums earned, ceding commissions, profit commission, and ceded paid loss and LAE are settled net on a quarterly basis. The ceded premiums earned due, after deducting the related ceding commission and profit commission, is reported within Other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

The reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves related to our QSR Transactions was $51.9 million as of March 31, 2025 and $47.3 million as of December 31, 2024. The reinsurance recoverable balance is secured by funds on deposit from reinsurers (which does not include letters of credit), the minimum amount of which is based on the greater of 1) a reinsurer's funding requirements under PMIERs or 2) ceded reserves and unpaid losses. Each of the reinsurers under our QSR Transactions described above has an insurer financial strength rating of A- or better (or a comparable rating) by Standard and Poor's Rating Services, A.M. Best, Moody's, or a combination of the three.

Excess of loss reinsurance
We have XOL Transactions with a panel of unaffiliated reinsurers executed through the traditional reinsurance market (“Traditional XOL Transactions”) and with unaffiliated special purpose insurers (“Home Re Transactions”).

For policies covered under our Traditional XOL Transactions, we retain the first layer of the aggregate losses paid, and the reinsurers will then provide second layer coverage up to the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. We retain losses paid in excess of the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. The reinsurance coverage is subject to adjustment based on the risk characteristics of the covered loans until the initial excess of loss reinsurance coverage layer has been finalized.

We can elect to terminate our Traditional XOL Transactions under specified scenarios without penalty upon prior written notice, including if we will receive less than the full credit amount under the PMIERs, full financial statement credit or full credit under applicable regulatory capital requirements for the risk ceded in any required calculation period. The reinsurance premiums ceded under the Traditional XOL Transactions are based off the remaining reinsurance coverage levels. The reinsured coverage levels are secured by funds on deposit from reinsurers (which does not include letters of credit), the minimum amount of which is based on the greater of 1) a reinsurer's funding requirements under PMIERs or 2) ceded reserves and unpaid losses. Each of the reinsurers under our Traditional XOL Transactions has an insurer financial strength rating of A- or better (or a comparable rating) by Standard and Poor’s Rating Services, A.M. Best, Moody’s, or a combination of the three.

The Home Re Transactions are executed with unaffiliated special purpose insurers (“Home Re Entities”). For the reinsurance coverage periods, we retain the first layer of the respective aggregate losses paid, and a Home Re Entity will then provide second layer coverage up to the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. We retain losses paid in excess of the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. Subject to certain conditions, the reinsurance coverage decreases as the underlying covered mortgages amortize or are repaid, or mortgage insurance losses are paid.
The Home Re Entities financed the coverages by issuing mortgage insurance-linked notes (“ILNs”) to unaffiliated investors in an aggregate amount equal to the initial reinsurance coverage amounts. Each ILN is non-recourse to any assets of MGIC or affiliates. The proceeds of the ILNs, which were deposited into reinsurance trusts for the benefit of MGIC, will be the source of reinsurance claim payments to MGIC and principal repayments on the ILNs.

Payment of principal on the related insurance-linked notes will be suspended and the reinsurance coverage available to MGIC under the transactions will not be reduced by such principal payments until a target level of credit enhancement is obtained or if certain thresholds or “Trigger Events” are reached, as defined in the related insurance-linked notes transaction agreement. As of March 31, 2025, there were no "Trigger Events".

Table 4.4a, 4.4b, and 4.4c provide a summary of our XOL Transactions as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Excess of Loss Reinsurance
Table 4.4a
Issue DatePolicy In force Dates
Optional Call Date (1)
Legal Maturity
2024 Traditional XOL
April 1, 2024
January 1, 2024 - December 31, 2024
January 1, 203010 years
2023 Traditional XOLApril 1, 2023January 1, 2023 - December 29, 2023January 1, 203110 years
2022 Traditional XOLApril 1, 2022January 1, 2022 - December 30, 2022January 1, 203010 years
2020 Traditional XOL
March 1, 2025
January 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020
April 1, 203010 years
Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.October 23, 2023June 1, 2022 - August 31, 2023October 25, 202810 years
Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.April 26, 2022May 29, 2021 - December 31, 2021April 25, 202812.5 years
Home Re 2021-2, Ltd.August 3, 2021January 1, 2021 - May 28, 2021July 25, 202812.5 years
Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.February 2, 2021August 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020January 25, 202812.5 years
(1) We have the right to terminate the Home Re Transactions under certain circumstances, including an optional call feature that provides us the right to terminate if the outstanding principal balance of the related insurance-linked notes falls below 10% of the initial principal balance of the related insurance-linked notes, and on any payment date on or after the respective Optional Call Date. We can elect early termination of the Traditional XOL Transactions beginning on this date, and quarterly thereafter.

Excess of Loss Reinsurance
Table 4.4b
Remaining First Layer Retention
($ in thousands)Initial First Layer Retention
March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
2024 Traditional XOL
$125,016 $124,985 $125,016 
2023 Traditional XOL70,578 70,218 70,401 
2022 Traditional XOL82,523 80,346 81,112 
2020 Traditional XOL
68,343 68,343 — 
Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.
272,961 271,268 272,269 
Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.325,589 321,918 322,566 
Home Re 2021-2, Ltd.190,159 187,889 188,211 
Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.
211,159 209,913 210,027 
Table 4.4c
Remaining Excess of Loss Reinsurance Coverage (1)
($ in thousands)
Initial Excess of Loss Reinsurance Coverage (1)
Initial Funding Percentage (2)
Funding Percentage at 3/31/2025 (2)
March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
2024 Traditional XOL
$187,220 
N/A
N/A
$187,220 $187,220 
2023 Traditional XOL96,942 
N/A
N/A87,542 91,404 
2022 Traditional XOL142,642 
N/A
N/A118,729 124,344 
2020 Traditional XOL
250,592 
N/A
N/A250,592 — 
Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.330,277 97 %96 %285,333 299,325 
Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.473,575 100 %100 %282,008 305,639 
Home Re 2021-2, Ltd. (3)
398,429 100 %88 %120,163 132,424 
Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.
398,848 100 %100 %75,906 92,019 
(1)The initial and remaining excess of loss reinsurance coverage is reduced by the applicable funding percentage.
(2)The funding percentage represents the aggregate outstanding note balances divided by the aggregate ending coverage amounts.
(3)The funding percentage on the 2021-2 was reduced from 100% after the tender offers were conducted in the fourth quarter of 2023.
The reinsurance premiums ceded to each Home Re Entity are composed of coverage, initial expense and supplemental premiums. The coverage premiums are generally calculated as the difference between the amount of interest payable by the Home Re Entity on the remaining reinsurance coverage levels, and the investment income collected on the collateral assets held in a reinsurance trust account and used to collateralize the Home Re Entity’s reinsurance obligation to MGIC. The amount of monthly reinsurance coverage premium ceded will fluctuate due to changes in the reference rate and changes in money market rates that affect investment income collected on the assets in the reinsurance trust. As a result, we concluded that each Home Re Transaction contains an embedded derivative that is accounted for separately as a freestanding derivative. The fair values of the derivatives at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, were not material to our consolidated balance sheet and the change in fair value during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024 were not material to our consolidated statements of operations. (See Note 7 - “Investments” and Note 8 - “Fair Value Measurements”.)

At the time the Home Re Transactions were entered into, we concluded that each Home Re Entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). A VIE is a legal entity that does not have sufficient equity at risk to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or is structured such that equity investors lack the ability to make sufficient decisions relating to the entity’s operations through voting rights or do not substantively participate in gains and losses of the entity. Given that MGIC (1) does not have the unilateral power to direct the activities that most significantly affect each Home Re Entity’s economic performance and (2) does not have the obligation, outside the terms of the reinsurance agreement, to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of each Home Re Entity that could be significant to the Home Re Entity, consolidation of the Home Re Entities is not required.

We are required to disclose our maximum exposure to loss, which we consider to be an amount that we could be required to record in our statements of operations, as a result of our involvement with the VIEs under our Home Re Transactions. As of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, we did not have material exposure to the VIEs as we have no investment in the VIEs and had no reinsurance claim payments due from the VIEs under our reinsurance transactions. We are unable to determine the timing or extent of claims from losses that are ceded under the reinsurance transactions. The VIE assets are deposited in reinsurance trusts for the benefit of MGIC that will be the source of reinsurance claim payments to MGIC. The purpose of the reinsurance trusts is to provide security to MGIC for the obligations of the VIEs under the reinsurance transactions. The trustee of the reinsurance trusts, a recognized provider of corporate trust services, has established segregated accounts within the reinsurance trusts for the benefit of MGIC, pursuant to the trust agreements. The trust agreements are governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York. If the trustee of the reinsurance trusts failed to distribute claim payments to us as provided in the reinsurance trusts, we would incur a loss related to our losses ceded under the reinsurance transactions and deemed unrecoverable. We are also unable to determine the impact such possible failure by the trustee to perform pursuant to the reinsurance trust agreements may have on our consolidated financial statements. As a result, we are unable to quantify our maximum exposure to loss related to our involvement with the VIEs. MGIC has certain termination rights under the reinsurance transactions should its claims not be paid. We consider our exposure to loss from our reinsurance transactions with the VIEs to be remote.

Table 4.5 presents the total assets of the Home Re Entities as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Home Re total assets
Table4.5
(In thousands)Total VIE Assets
Home Re Entity
March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
Home Re 2023-1 Ltd.$290,619 $303,733 
Home Re 2022-1 Ltd.290,274 313,229 
Home Re 2021-2 Ltd.124,487 136,486 
Home Re 2021-1 Ltd.81,406 97,373 
The reinsurance trust agreements provide that the trust assets may generally only be invested in certain money market funds that (i) invest at least 99.5% of their total assets in cash or direct U.S. federal government obligations, such as U.S. Treasury bills, as well as other short-term securities backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. federal government or issued by an agency of the U.S. federal government, (ii) have a principal stability fund rating of “AAAm” by S&P or a money market fund rating of “Aaamf” by Moody’s as of the Closing Date and thereafter maintain any rating with either S&P or Moody’s, and (iii) are permitted investments under the applicable credit for reinsurance laws and applicable PMIERs credit for reinsurance requirements.

The total calculated PMIERs credit for risk ceded under our XOL Transactions are generally based on the PMIERs requirement of the covered policies and the attachment and detachment points of the coverage, all of which fluctuate over time. (See Note 1 - “Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation”.)
v3.25.1
Litigation and Contingencies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Litigation and Contingencies Litigation and Contingencies
We operate in a highly regulated industry that is subject to the risk of litigation and regulatory proceedings, including related to our claims paying practices. From time to time, we are involved in disputes and legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. In our opinion, based on the facts known at this time, the ultimate resolution of these ordinary course disputes and legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
Under ASC 450-20, until a loss associated with settlement discussions or legal proceedings becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated, we do not accrue an estimated loss. When we determine that a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated, we record our best estimate of our probable loss.
v3.25.1
Earnings per Share
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings per Share Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding, including participating securities. Our “participating securities” are comprised of vested restricted stock and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) with non-forfeitable rights to dividends. Diluted EPS includes the components of basic EPS and also gives effect to dilutive common stock equivalents. The determination of whether components are dilutive is calculated independently for each period. We calculate diluted EPS using the treasury stock method which reflects the potential dilution that could occur if unvested RSUs result in the issuance of common stock.

Table 6.1 reconciles the numerators and denominators used to calculate basic and diluted EPS.
Earnings per share
Table
6.1
 Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)20252024
Net income - basic and diluted
$185,460 $174,097 
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
244,147 270,314 
Dilutive effect of unvested RSUs
2,343 2,794 
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
246,490 273,108 
Earnings per share:
Basic earnings per share
$0.76 $0.64 
Diluted earnings per share$0.75 $0.64 
v3.25.1
Investments
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Investments [Abstract]  
Investments Investments
Fixed income securities
Our fixed income securities classified as available-for-sale at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in tables 7.1a and 7.1b below.
Details of fixed income securities by category as of March 31, 2025
Table7.1a
(In thousands)Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized (Losses)Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$275,166 $340 $(3,812)$271,694 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions2,026,899 3,915 (165,119)1,865,695 
Corporate debt securities2,858,150 18,082 (93,465)2,782,767 
ABS180,604 2,702 (915)182,391 
RMBS375,046 4,463 (21,520)357,989 
CMBS264,095 421 (5,571)258,945 
CLOs146,537 76 (32)146,581 
Foreign government debt4,487  (587)3,900 
Commercial paper15,071   15,071 
Total fixed income securities
$6,146,055 $29,999 $(291,021)$5,885,033 
Details of fixed income securities by category as of December 31, 2024
Table7.1b
(In thousands)Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized (Losses)Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$265,349 $231 $(5,087)$260,493 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions2,065,953 2,331 (192,789)1,875,495 
Corporate debt securities2,857,627 12,593 (112,839)2,757,381 
ABS155,594 2,157 (1,234)156,517 
RMBS373,485 2,103 (25,528)350,060 
CMBS243,840 21 (7,990)235,871 
CLOs199,773 286 — 200,059 
Foreign government debt4,487 — (689)3,798 
Commercial paper12,015 — — 12,015 
Total fixed income securities
$6,178,123 $19,722 $(346,156)$5,851,689 
We had $12.3 million and $12.2 million of investments at fair value on deposit with various states as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, due to regulatory requirements of those state insurance departments.

In connection with our insurance and reinsurance activities within MAC and MIC, we are required to maintain assets in trusts for the benefit of contractual counterparties, which had investments at fair value of $182.8 million and $199.9 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
The amortized cost and fair values of fixed income securities at March 31, 2025, by contractual maturity, are shown in table 7.2 below. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Because most mortgage and asset-backed securities are not due at a single maturity date, they are listed in separate categories.
Fixed income securities maturity schedule
Table7.2
March 31, 2025
(In thousands)Amortized costFair Value
Due in one year or less$742,080 $740,345 
Due after one year through five years1,664,014 1,634,666 
Due after five years through ten years1,809,299 1,717,716 
Due after ten years964,380 846,400 
5,179,773 4,939,127 
ABS180,604 182,391 
RMBS375,046 357,989 
CMBS264,095 258,945 
CLOs146,537 146,581 
Total$6,146,055 $5,885,033 

Equity securities
The cost and fair value of investments in equity securities at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in tables 7.3a and 7.3b below.
Details of equity security investments as of March 31, 2025
Table7.3a
(In thousands)Cost
Fair Value Gains
Fair Value Losses
Fair Value
Equity securities$16,180 $23 $(1,288)$14,915 
Details of equity security investments as of December 31, 2024
Table7.3b
(In thousands)CostFair Value GainsFair Value LossesFair Value
Equity securities$16,146 $$(1,392)$14,762 

Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments
The net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments and the proceeds from the sale of fixed income securities classified as available-for-sale securities are shown in table 7.4 below.

Details of net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments
Table7.4Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)20252024
Fixed income securities:
Gains on sales$349 $55 
Losses on sales(29)(5,485)
Equity securities gains (losses):
Changes in fair value
120 (103)
Change in embedded derivative on Home Re Transactions(1)
301 (2,976)
Other:
Gains (losses) on sales 
Market adjustment (1)
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments$741 $(8,509)
Proceeds from sales of fixed income securities$20,737 $14,886 
(1) See Note 8 "Fair Value Measurements" for discussion of the embedded derivative on the Home Re Transactions.
Other invested assets
Our other invested assets balance includes an investment in FHLB stock that is carried at cost, which due to its nature approximates fair value. Ownership of FHLB stock provides access to a secured lending facility, subject to certain conditions, which includes requirements to post collateral and to maintain a minimum investment in FHLB stock.

Unrealized investment losses
Tables 7.5a and 7.5b below summarize, for all available-for-sale investments in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by the length of time those securities have been continuously in an unrealized loss position. The fair value amounts reported in tables 7.5a and 7.5b are estimated using the process described in Note 8 - “Fair Value Measurements” to these consolidated financial statements and in Note 3 - “Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Unrealized loss aging for securities by type and length of time as of March 31, 2025
Table7.5a
Less Than 12 Months12 Months or GreaterTotal
(In thousands)Fair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$36,101 $(63)$66,902 $(3,749)$103,003 $(3,812)
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions378,830 (6,953)1,204,931 (158,166)1,583,761 (165,119)
Corporate debt securities595,473 (5,842)1,013,348 (87,623)1,608,821 (93,465)
ABS9,237 (94)37,330 (821)46,567 (915)
RMBS31,034 (379)194,501 (21,141)225,535 (21,520)
CMBS81,237 (864)136,860 (4,707)218,097 (5,571)
CLOs49,747 (32)— — 49,747 (32)
Foreign government debt— — 3,900 (587)3,900 (587)
Total$1,181,659 $(14,227)$2,657,772 $(276,794)$3,839,431 $(291,021)
Unrealized loss aging for securities by type and length of time as of December 31, 2024
Table7.5b
Less Than 12 Months12 Months or GreaterTotal
(In thousands)Fair Value
Unrealized
 Losses
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
Unrealized
 Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$37,017 $(437)$69,959 $(4,650)$106,976 $(5,087)
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions409,406 (5,621)1,195,869 (187,168)1,605,275 (192,789)
Corporate debt securities852,752 (10,334)1,051,862 (102,505)1,904,614 (112,839)
ABS20,090 (184)49,640 (1,050)69,730 (1,234)
RMBS171,654 (5,498)151,893 (20,030)323,547 (25,528)
CMBS77,567 (1,774)151,188 (6,216)228,755 (7,990)
Foreign government debt— — 3,798 (689)3,798 (689)
Total$1,568,486 $(23,848)$2,674,209 $(322,308)$4,242,695 $(346,156)

There were 986 and 1,020 securities in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Based on current facts and circumstances, we believe the unrealized losses as of March 31, 2025 presented in table 7.5a above are not indicative of the ultimate collectability of the par value of the securities. The unrealized losses in all categories of our investments at March 31, 2025 were primarily caused by an increase in prevailing interest rates. We also rely upon estimates of several credit and non-credit factors in our review and evaluation of individual investments to determine whether a credit impairment exists. All of the securities in an unrealized loss position are current with respect to their interest obligations.
v3.25.1
Fair Value Measurements
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
Recurring fair value measurements
The following describes the valuation methodologies generally used by the independent pricing sources, or by us, to measure financial instruments at fair value, including the general classification of such financial instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

Fixed income securities:
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies: Securities with valuations derived from quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets that we can access are categorized in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Securities valued by surveying the dealer community, obtaining relevant trade data, benchmark quotes and spreads and incorporating this information in the valuation process are categorized as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Corporate Debt Securities are valued by obtaining relevant trade data, benchmark quotes and spreads and broker/dealer quotes and incorporating this information into the valuation process. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Obligations of U.S. States & Political Subdivisions are valued by tracking, capturing, and analyzing quotes for active issues and trades reported via the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board records. Daily briefings and reviews of current economic conditions, trading levels, spread relationships, and the slope of the yield curve provide further data for evaluation. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities ("RMBS") are valued by monitoring interest rate movements, and other pertinent data daily. Incoming market data is enriched to derive spread, yield and/or price data as appropriate, enabling known data points to be extrapolated for valuation application across a range of related securities. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities ("CMBS") are valued using techniques that reflect market participants’ assumptions and maximize the use of relevant observable inputs including quoted prices for similar assets, benchmark yield curves and market corroborated inputs. Evaluation uses regular reviews of the inputs for securities covered, including executed trades, broker quotes, credit information, collateral attributes and/or cash flow waterfall as applicable. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Asset-Backed Securities ("ABS") are valued using spreads and other information solicited from market buy-and-sell-side sources, including primary and secondary dealers, portfolio managers, and research analysts. Cash flows are generated for each tranche, benchmark yields are determined, and deal collateral performance and tranche level attributes including trade activity, bids, and offers are applied, resulting in tranche specific prices. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Collateralized loan obligations ("CLOs") are valued by evaluating manager rating, seniority in the capital structure, assumptions about prepayment, default and recovery and their impact on cash flow generation. Loan level net asset values are determined and aggregated for tranches and as a final step prices are checked against available recent trade activity. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Foreign government debt is valued by surveying the dealer community, obtaining relevant trade data, benchmark quotes and spreads and incorporating this information into the valuation process. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Commercial Paper, with an original maturity greater than 90 days, is valued using market data for comparable instruments of similar maturity and average yields. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Equity securities: Consist of actively traded, exchange-listed equity securities, including exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) and Bond Mutual Funds, with valuations derived from quoted prices for identical assets in active markets that we can access. These securities are valued in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.
Cash Equivalents: Consist of money market funds and treasury bills with valuations derived from quoted prices for identical assets in active markets that we can access. These securities are valued in level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Instruments in this category valued using market data for comparable instruments are classified as level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
Assets measured at fair value, by hierarchy level, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in tables 8.1a and 8.1b below. The fair value of the assets is estimated using the process described above, and more fully in Note 3 - “Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Assets carried at fair value by hierarchy level as of March 31, 2025
Table8.1a
(In thousands)Total Fair Value
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$271,694 $238,854 $32,840 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions1,865,695 — 1,865,695 
Corporate debt securities2,782,767 — 2,782,767 
ABS182,391 — 182,391 
RMBS357,989 — 357,989 
CMBS258,945 — 258,945 
CLOs146,581 — 146,581 
Foreign government debt3,900 — 3,900 
Commercial paper15,071 — 15,071 
Total fixed income securities5,885,033 238,854 5,646,179 
Equity securities14,915 14,915 — 
Cash equivalents (1)
209,501 200,260 9,241 
Total$6,109,449 $454,029 $5,655,420 
Assets carried at fair value by hierarchy level as of December 31, 2024
Table8.1b
(In thousands)Total Fair Value
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$260,493 $220,369 $40,124 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions1,875,495 — 1,875,495 
Corporate debt securities2,757,381 — 2,757,381 
ABS156,517 — 156,517 
RMBS350,060 — 350,060 
CMBS235,871 — 235,871 
CLOs200,059 — 200,059 
Foreign government debt3,798 — 3,798 
Commercial paper12,015 — 12,015 
Total fixed income securities5,851,689 220,369 5,631,320 
Equity securities14,762 14,762 — 
Cash equivalents (1)
230,156 219,943 10,213 
Total$6,096,607 $455,074 $5,641,533 
(1) Includes restricted cash equivalents
Certain financial instruments, including insurance contracts, are excluded from these fair value disclosure requirements. Additional fair value disclosures related to our investment portfolio are included in Note 7 – “Investments.”

In addition to the assets carried at fair value discussed above, we have embedded derivatives carried at fair value related to our Home Re Transactions that are classified as “Other liabilities” or “Other assets” in our consolidated balance sheets. The estimated fair value related to our embedded derivatives reflects the present value impact of the variation in investment income on the assets held by the reinsurance trusts and the contractual reference rate on the Home Re Transactions used to calculate the reinsurance premiums we estimate we will pay over the estimated remaining life. These liabilities or assets are categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair value of the embedded derivatives was a liability of $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively. (See Note 4 - "Reinsurance" for more information about our reinsurance programs.)

Real estate acquired through claim settlement is carried at fair values and is reported in “Other assets” on the consolidated balance sheet. These assets are categorized as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, purchases of real estate acquired were $0.7 million and $1.0 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, sales of real estate acquired were $1.1 million and zero, respectively.
Financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value
Other invested assets include an investment in FHLB stock that is carried at cost, which due to restrictions that require it to be redeemed or sold only to the security issuer at par value, approximates fair value. The fair value of other invested assets is categorized as Level 2.
Financial liabilities include our outstanding debt obligation. The fair value of our 5.25% Notes was based on observable market prices and is categorized as level 2.
Table 8.2 presents the carrying value and fair value of our financial assets and liabilities disclosed, but not carried, at fair value at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value
Table8.2
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
(In thousands)Carrying ValueFair ValueCarrying ValueFair Value
Financial assets
Other invested assets$1,109 $1,109 $1,109 $1,109 
Financial liabilities
5.25% Senior Notes645,035 643,689 644,667 636,883 
v3.25.1
Other Comprehensive Income
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent [Abstract]  
Other Comprehensive Income Other Comprehensive Income
The pretax and related income tax benefit (expense) components of our other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are included in table 9.1 below.
Components of other comprehensive income (loss)
Table
9.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)2025
2024
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) arising during the period$65,406 $(13,154)
Total income tax benefit (expense)(13,735)2,762 
Net of tax
51,671 (10,392)
Net changes in benefit plan assets and obligations58 682 
Total income tax benefit (expense)(12)(143)
Net of tax
46 539 
Total other comprehensive income (loss)$65,464 (12,472)
Total income tax benefit (expense)(13,747)2,619 
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax$51,717 $(9,853)

The pretax and related income tax benefit (expense) components of the amounts reclassified from our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) to our consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are included in table 9.2 below.
Reclassifications from AOCI
Table
9.2
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)2025
2024
Reclassification adjustment for net realized (losses) gains (1)
$(5,981)$(9,973)
Income tax benefit (expense)1,256 2,094 
Net of tax
(4,725)(7,879)
Reclassification adjustment related to benefit plan assets and obligations (2)
(58)(682)
Income tax benefit (expense)12 143 
Net of tax
(46)(539)
Total reclassifications(6,039)(10,655)
Income tax benefit (expense)1,268 2,237 
Total reclassifications, net of tax$(4,771)$(8,418)
(1)Increases (decreases) Net realized investment gains (losses) on the consolidated statements of operations.
(2)Decreases (increases) Other underwriting and operating expenses, net on the consolidated statements of operations.

A rollforward of AOCI for the three months ended March 31, 2025, including amounts reclassified from AOCI, are included in table 9.3 below.
Rollforward of AOCI
Table
9.3
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
(In thousands)Net unrealized gains and (losses) on available-for-sale securitiesNet benefit plan assets and (obligations) recognized in shareholders' equityTotal accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance at December 31, 2024, net of tax$(257,878)$(30,284)$(288,162)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications46,946 — 46,946 
Less: Amounts reclassified from AOCI(4,725)(46)(4,771)
Balance, March 31, 2025, net of tax$(206,207)$(30,238)$(236,445)
v3.25.1
Benefit Plans
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Benefit Plans Benefit Plans
We have a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan, as well as a supplemental executive retirement plan that covered eligible employees through December 31, 2022. Effective January 1, 2023, these plans were frozen (no future benefits will be accrued for participants due to employment and no new participants will be added). Participants in these plans were fully vested in their benefits as of December 31, 2022.
Table 10.1 provides the components of net periodic benefit cost for our pension, supplemental executive retirement and other postretirement benefit plans for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Table
10.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
Pension and Supplemental Executive Retirement PlansOther Postretirement Benefit Plans
(In thousands)2025202420252024
Company service cost$ $— $234 $417 
Interest cost3,299 3,247 311 375 
Expected return on plan assets(3,442)(3,644)(2,911)(2,494)
Amortization of:
Net actuarial losses (gains)546 523 (692)(380)
Prior service cost (credit)86 86 118 453 
Cost of settlements and curtailments —  — 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)$489 $212 $(2,940)$(1,629)

In the first quarter of 2025, we made a contribution to our qualified pension plan of $7.5 million.
v3.25.1
Loss Reserves
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Insurance Loss Reserves [Abstract]  
Loss Reserves Loss Reserves
We establish case reserves and LAE reserves on delinquent loans that were reported to us as two or more payments past due and have not become current or resulted in a claim payment. Such loans are referred to as being in our delinquency inventory. Case reserves are established by estimating the number of loans in our delinquency inventory that will result in a claim payment, which is referred to as the claim rate, and further estimating the amount of the claim payment, which is referred to as claim severity.

IBNR reserves are established for estimated losses from delinquencies we estimate have occurred prior to the close of an accounting period but have not yet been reported to us. IBNR reserves are also established using estimated claim rates and claim severities.

Estimation of losses is inherently judgmental. The conditions that affect the claim rate and claim severity include the current and future state of the domestic economy, including unemployment and the current and future strength of local housing markets; exposure on insured loans; the amount of time between delinquency and claim filing (all else being equal, the longer the period between delinquency and claim filing, the greater the severity); and curtailments and rescissions. The actual amount of the claim payments may be substantially different than our loss reserve estimates. Our estimates could be adversely affected by several factors, including a deterioration of regional or national economic conditions, including unemployment, leading to a reduction in borrowers’ income and thus their ability to make mortgage payments, the impact of past and future government initiatives and actions taken by the GSEs, and a drop in housing values which may affect borrower willingness to continue to make mortgage payments when the value of the home is below the mortgage balance. Loss reserves in future periods will also be dependent on the number of loans reported to us as delinquent.

Changes to our estimates could result in a material impact to our consolidated results of operations and financial position, even in a stable economic environment. Given the uncertainty of the macroeconomic environment, including the effectiveness of loss mitigation efforts, changes in home prices, and level of employment, our loss reserve estimates may continue to be impacted.

In considering the potential sensitivity of the factors underlying our estimate of loss reserves, it is possible that even a relatively small change in our estimated claim rate or claim severity could have a material impact on loss reserves and, correspondingly, on our consolidated results of operations even in a stable economic environment. For example, as of March 31, 2025, assuming all other factors remain constant, a $1,000 increase/decrease in the average severity reserve factor would change the loss reserve amount by approximately +/- $7 million. A one percentage point increase/decrease in the average claim rate reserve factor would change the loss reserve amount by approximately +/- $18 million.

The “Losses incurred” section of table 11.1 below shows losses incurred on delinquencies that occurred in the current year and in prior years. The amount of losses incurred relating to delinquencies that occurred in the current year represents the estimated amount to be ultimately paid on such delinquencies. The amount of losses incurred relating to delinquencies that occurred in prior years represents the difference between the actual claim rate and claim severity associated with those delinquencies resolved in the current year compared to the estimated claim rate and claim severity at the prior year-end, as well as a re-estimation of amounts to be ultimately paid on delinquencies continuing from the end of the prior year. This re-estimation of the claim rate and claim severity is the result of our review of current trends in the delinquency inventory, such as percentages of delinquencies that have resulted in a claim, the amount of the claims relative to the average loan exposure, changes in the relative level of delinquencies by geography and changes in average loan exposure.
The “Losses paid” section of table 11.1 below shows the amount of losses paid on delinquencies that occurred in the current year and losses paid on delinquencies that occurred in prior years.

Table 11.1 provides a reconciliation of beginning and ending loss reserves as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
Development of reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses
Table
11.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Reserve at beginning of period$462,662 $505,379 
Less reinsurance recoverable47,281 33,302 
Net reserve at beginning of period415,381 472,077 
Losses incurred:
Losses and LAE incurred in respect of delinquency notices received in:
Current year59,497 53,436 
Prior years (1)
(49,906)(48,881)
Total losses incurred9,591 4,555 
Losses paid:
Losses and LAE paid in respect of delinquency notices received in:
Current year — 
Prior years11,803 11,385 
Total losses paid11,803 11,385 
Net reserve at end of period413,169 465,247 
Plus reinsurance recoverable51,864 39,200 
Reserve at end of period$465,033 $504,447 
(1)A positive number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a deficiency of prior year reserves. A negative number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a redundancy of prior year loss reserves. See the following table for more information about prior year loss reserve development.

The increase in the current year losses incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 is primarily due to an increase in estimated severity on current year delinquencies and an increase in new delinquencies reported.

The favorable loss development on previously received delinquencies for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024 primarily resulted from a decrease in the expected claim rate on previously received delinquencies. Home price appreciation experienced in recent years has allowed some borrowers to cure their delinquencies through the sale of their property.

The prior year loss reserve development for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 is shown in table 11.2 below.
Reserve development on previously received delinquencies
Table
11.2
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Increase (decrease) in estimated claim rate on primary defaults$(46,497)$(41,079)
Change in estimates related to severity on primary defaults, pool reserves, LAE reserves, reinsurance, and other(3,409)(7,802)
Total prior year loss development (1)
$(49,906)$(48,881)
(1)A positive number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a deficiency of prior year loss reserves. A negative number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a redundancy of prior year loss reserves.

Premium refunds
Our estimate of premiums to be refunded on expected claim payments is accrued for separately in “Other Liabilities” on our consolidated balance sheets and was $11.1 million and $12.5 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
v3.25.1
Shareholders' Equity
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Shareholders' Equity Shareholders’ Equity
Treasury stock
Prior to November 15, 2024, shares we repurchased were held in treasury stock unless they were reissued under the discretion of our Board of Directors. As of November 15, 2024, we retired all shares of our treasury stock, which resulted in an adjustment to retained earnings equal to the cumulative amount of repurchase price paid in excess of par value for treasury stock held as of that date. Subsequent to the retirement of the treasury stock, all shares of our common stock that we repurchase are immediately retired. Going forward, the amount of the repurchase price paid in excess of par value for repurchased shares will be recorded as an adjustment to retained earnings.

Share repurchase programs
Repurchases of our common stock may be made from time to time on the open market (including through 10b5-1 plans) or through privately negotiated transactions. In the three months ended March 31, 2025, we repurchased 9.2 million shares for $224.3 million, inclusive of commissions. In 2024, we repurchased approximately 25.3 million shares of our common stock for $566.6 million, inclusive of commissions. As of March 31, 2025, we had remaining authorization to repurchase $232.9 million through December 31, 2026, under a share repurchase program approved by the Board of Directors in 2024. Through April 25, 2025, we repurchased an additional 2.8 million shares totaling $65.8 million, inclusive of commissions.

In April 2025, our Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase program, authorizing us to purchase up to $750 million of common stock prior to December 31, 2027.

Cash dividends
In the first quarter of 2025, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.13 per share which totaled $32.5 million. On April 24, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend to the holders of the company’s common stock of $0.13 per share payable on May 21, 2025, to shareholders of record on May 8, 2025.
v3.25.1
Share-Based Compensation
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Share-Based Compensation Share-Based Compensation
We have certain share-based compensation plans. Under the fair value method, compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the service period which generally corresponds to the vesting period. Awards under our plans generally vest over periods ranging from one to three years, although awards to our non-employee directors vest immediately. The grant date fair value of awards granted to executive officers and non-employee directors in 2025, is calculated based on the stock price as of the grant date, discounted to account for the one year post-vesting holding period to which the awards are subject.

Table 13.1 shows the number of restricted stock units (RSUs) granted to employees and non-employee directors and the weighted average fair value per share during the periods presented.
Restricted stock unit grants
Table
13.1
Three months ended March 31,
20252024
RSUs Granted
(in thousands)
Weighted Average Fair Value per Share
RSUs Granted
(in thousands)
Weighted Average Fair Value per Share
RSUs subject to performance conditions(1)337 $24.28 634 $19.81 
RSUs subject only to service conditions317 24.64 248 19.81 
Non-employee director RSUs59 24.12 76 19.81 
(1)Shares granted are subject to performance conditions under which the target number of shares granted may vest from 0% to 200%.
v3.25.1
Statutory Information
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Statutory Capital [Abstract]  
Statutory Information Statutory Information
Statutory Capital Requirements
The insurance laws of 16 jurisdictions, including Wisconsin, our domiciliary state, require a mortgage insurer to maintain a minimum amount of statutory capital relative to the RIF (or a similar measure) in order for the mortgage insurer to continue to write new business. We refer to these requirements as the “State Capital Requirements” and, together with the GSE Financial Requirements, as the “Financial Requirements.” While they vary among jurisdictions, the most common State Capital Requirements allow for a maximum risk-to-capital ratio of 25 to 1. A risk-to-capital ratio will increase if (i) the percentage decrease in capital exceeds the percentage decrease in insured risk, or (ii) the percentage increase in capital is less than the percentage increase in insured risk. Wisconsin does not regulate capital by using a risk-to-capital measure but instead requires a minimum policyholder position (“MPP”). MGIC’s “policyholder position” includes its net worth or surplus, and its contingency loss reserve. Our policyholders position was above the required MPP and our risk-to-capital ratio was below the maximum allowed by jurisdictions with State Capital Requirements at March 31, 2025.

In 2023, the NAIC adopted a revised Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Model Act. The updated Model Act includes requirements relating to, among other things: (i) capital and minimum capital requirements, and contingency reserves; (ii) restrictions on mortgage insurers’ investments in notes secured by mortgages; (iii) prudent underwriting standards and formal underwriting guidelines; (iv) the establishment of formal, internal “Mortgage Guaranty Quality Control Programs” with respect to in-force business; and (v) reinsurance and prohibitions on captive reinsurance arrangements. It is uncertain when the revised Model Act will be adopted in any jurisdiction. It is unknown whether any changes will be made by state legislatures prior to adoption, and the effect changes, if any, will have on the mortgage guaranty insurance market generally, or on our business. Wisconsin has begun the process to replace current mortgage insurance regulations with the Model Act, though it is expected that some changes will be made before formal adoption.

Dividend restrictions
MGIC is subject to statutory regulations as to payment of dividends. The maximum amount of dividends that MGIC may pay in any twelve-month period without regulatory approval by the OCI is the lesser of adjusted statutory net income or 10% of statutory policyholders’ surplus as of the preceding calendar year end. Adjusted statutory net income is defined for this purpose to be the greater of statutory net income, net of realized investment gains, for the calendar year preceding the date of the dividend or statutory net income, net of realized investment gains, for the three calendar years preceding the date of the dividend less dividends paid within the first two of the preceding three calendar years. The maximum dividend that could be paid, without regulatory approval, is reduced by dividends paid in the twelve months preceding the dividend payment date. Before making any dividend payments, we notify the OCI to ensure it does not object. In April 2025, MGIC paid a dividend of $400 million to the holding company.

Statutory Financial Information
The OCI recognizes only statutory accounting principles prescribed, or practices permitted by the State of Wisconsin for determining and reporting the financial condition and results of operations of an insurance company. The OCI has adopted certain prescribed accounting practices that differ from those found in other states. Specifically, Wisconsin domiciled companies record changes in the contingency loss reserves through their income statement as a change in underwriting deduction. As a result, in periods in which MGIC is increasing contingency loss reserves, statutory net income is reduced. The statutory net income, policyholders’ surplus, and contingency loss reserves of our insurance subsidiaries, including MGIC, are shown in table 14.1.

Financial information of our insurance subsidiaries (including MGIC)
Table 14.1
As of and for the Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Statutory net income$172,182 $72,714 
Statutory policyholders' surplus1,142,387 711,990 
Contingency loss reserves4,950,412 5,333,024 

The increase in statutory net income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with March 31, 2024 was primarily driven by a decrease in contingency reserve contribution during the period. The increase in statutory policyholders’ surplus from March 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025, is primarily due to statutory net income, offset by dividend payments to MGIC Investment Corporation.
v3.25.1
Segment Reporting
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Reporting Segment Reporting
We operate as a single reportable segment, which is defined as Mortgage Insurance. This segment generates revenue through mortgage insurance and reinsurance provided under the GSEs credit risk transfer programs. The results of our Mortgage Insurance segment are reported within our financial statements as the consolidated financial results for MGIC Investment Corporation and subsidiaries. The accounting policies of the Mortgage Insurance segment are the same as those described in Note 3 - “Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The Senior Management Oversight Committee (“SMOC”), acts as the Company's chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The CODM uses consolidated net income (loss) as the primary GAAP measure to evaluate actual financial performance versus planned financial performance and to allocate resources. The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheet as total consolidated assets.

The table below presents a disaggregation of significant segment expenses as monitored by our CODM:
Significant segment expenses
Table15.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)
20252024
Other underwriting and operating expenses net:
Employee costs
$36,960 $43,725 
Outside services (1)
7,811 8,069 
Premium taxes (2)
5,410 5,329 
Depreciation expense
943 1,140 
All other underwriting and operating (3)
282 755 
Total other underwriting and operating expenses net
$51,406 $59,018 
(1)Outside services expense generally includes expenses related to outsourced IT services and consulting services.
(2)Premium taxes are taxes paid to states and municipalities based upon the amount of premiums written.
(3)All other underwriting and operating expenses include ceding commissions (a reduction to our underwriting expenses, see Note 4 - "Reinsurance"), computer hardware and software expenses, legal, audit, insurance, and general and administrative expenses.
v3.25.1
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Pay vs Performance Disclosure    
Net Income (Loss) $ 185,460 $ 174,097
v3.25.1
Insider Trading Arrangements
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
shares
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
Paula C. Maggio [Member]  
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement
On February 28, 2025, Paula C. Maggio, Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary, adopted a written plan for the sale of MGIC common stock that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act. Ms. Maggio’s written plan provides for the sale of 80,000 shares of MGIC common stock in the aggregate. This written plan is scheduled to expire on the earlier of: (1) February 9, 2026; or (2) the date on which an aggregate of 80,000 shares of MGIC common stock have been sold.
Name Paula C. Maggio
Title Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted true
Adoption Date February 28, 2025
Expiration Date February 9, 2026
Arrangement Duration 346 days
Aggregate Available 80,000
Salvatore A. Miosi [Member]  
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement
On March 6, 2025, Salvatore A. Miosi, President and Chief Operating Officer, adopted a written plan for the sale of MGIC common stock that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act. Mr. Miosi’s written plan provides for the sale of up to 310,931 shares of MGIC common stock in the aggregate. This written plan is scheduled to expire on the earlier of: (1) June 5, 2026; or (2) the date on which an aggregate of 310,931 shares of MGIC common stock have been sold.
Name Salvatore A. Miosi
Title President and Chief Operating Officer
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted true
Adoption Date March 6, 2025
Expiration Date June 5, 2026
Arrangement Duration 456 days
Aggregate Available 310,931
v3.25.1
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Abstract]  
Prospective Accounting Standards
Prospective accounting and reporting developments
Relevant new amendments to accounting standards, which are not yet effective or adopted.

Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures: ASU 2023-09
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. This guidance for income tax disclosures requires consistent categories and greater disaggregations of information in the rate reconciliation and disclosure of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. We have evaluated the impacts the adoption of this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and determined that it will not have a material impact.

Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses: ASU 2024-03
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 requiring additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement. The new standard requires disclosures about specific expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement as well as disclosures about selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, as clarified by ASU 2025-01, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). The requirements will be applied prospectively with the option for retrospective application. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impacts the adoption of this guidance will have on our disclosures, but do not expect it to have a material impact.
v3.25.1
Debt (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Long-term debt
The aggregate carrying value of our 5.25% Senior Notes (“5.25% Notes”) and the par value as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is presented in table 3.1 below.
Long-term debt obligation, carrying value
Table
3.1
(In thousands)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
5.25% Notes, due August 2028 (par value: $650 million)
$645,035 $644,667 
v3.25.1
Reinsurance (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]  
Effect of reinsurance transactions The effect of all of our reinsurance transactions on our consolidated statement of operations is shown in table 4.1 below.
Reinsurance
Table
4.1
 Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Premiums earned:
Direct$284,821 $284,021 
Assumed 3,561 3,442 
Ceded:
Ceded - quota share reinsurance (1)
(29,943)(28,715)
Ceded - excess-of-loss reinsurance(14,720)(16,104)
Total ceded(44,663)(44,819)
Net premiums earned$243,719 $242,644 
Losses incurred:
Direct$16,017 $10,979 
Assumed5 29 
Ceded - quota share reinsurance(6,431)(6,453)
Losses incurred, net$9,591 $4,555 
Other Reinsurance Impacts:
Profit commission on quota share reinsurance (1)
$28,695 $24,584 
Ceding commission on quota share reinsurance11,727 10,660 
(1)Ceded premiums earned are shown net of profit commission.
Schedule of quota share reinsurance transactions
Table 4.2 below provides additional detail regarding our QSR Transactions.

Quota Share Reinsurance
Table4.2
Quota Share ContractCovered Policy YearsQuota Share %
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (1)
Contractual Termination Date
2020 QSR and 2021 QSR
2021
14.8 %69.0 %December 31, 2036
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR202111.1 %69.0 %December 31, 2036
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR202215.0 %57.5 %December 31, 2033
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR202215.0 %62.0 %December 31, 2033
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR202315.0 %62.0 %December 31, 2034
2023 QSR202310.0 %58.5 %December 31, 2034
2024 QSR
2024
30.0 %56.0 %
'December 31, 2035
2025 QSR
2025
40.0 %63.0 %
'December 31, 2036
Credit Union QSR 2020-202565.0 %50.0 %December 31, 2039
(1) We will receive a profit commission provided the annual loss ratio on policies covered under the transaction remains below this ratio.
Table 4.3 provides additional details regarding optional termination dates and optional reductions to our quota share percentage which can, in each case, be elected by us for a fee. Under the optional reduction to the quota share percentage, we may reduce our quota share percentage from the original percentage shown in table 4.2 to the percentage shown in table 4.3.

Quota Share Reinsurance
Table4.3
Quota Share ContractCovered Policy Years
Optional Termination Date (1)
Optional Quota Share % Reduction Date (2)
Optional Reduced Quota Share %
2020 QSR and 2021 QSR
2021
December 31, 2027
January 1, 2028
12.3% or 10%
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR
2021
December 31, 2027
January 1, 2028
9.4% or 7%
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR2022
July 1, 2025
January 1, 2025
12.5% or 10%
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR2022
July 1, 2025
January 1, 2025
12.5% or 10%
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR2023December 31, 2025January 1, 2025
12.5% or 10%
2023 QSR2023December 31, 2025January 1, 2025
8% or 7%
2024 QSR
2024
December 31, 2027
December 31, 2027
23% or 15%
2025 QSR
2025
December 31, 2027
December 31, 2027
30% or 20%
(1) We can elect early termination of the QSR Transaction beginning on this date, and semi-annually thereafter.
(2) We can elect to reduce the quota share percentage beginning on this date, and semi-annually thereafter.
Schedule of coverages and retention
Table 4.4a, 4.4b, and 4.4c provide a summary of our XOL Transactions as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Excess of Loss Reinsurance
Table 4.4a
Issue DatePolicy In force Dates
Optional Call Date (1)
Legal Maturity
2024 Traditional XOL
April 1, 2024
January 1, 2024 - December 31, 2024
January 1, 203010 years
2023 Traditional XOLApril 1, 2023January 1, 2023 - December 29, 2023January 1, 203110 years
2022 Traditional XOLApril 1, 2022January 1, 2022 - December 30, 2022January 1, 203010 years
2020 Traditional XOL
March 1, 2025
January 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020
April 1, 203010 years
Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.October 23, 2023June 1, 2022 - August 31, 2023October 25, 202810 years
Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.April 26, 2022May 29, 2021 - December 31, 2021April 25, 202812.5 years
Home Re 2021-2, Ltd.August 3, 2021January 1, 2021 - May 28, 2021July 25, 202812.5 years
Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.February 2, 2021August 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020January 25, 202812.5 years
(1) We have the right to terminate the Home Re Transactions under certain circumstances, including an optional call feature that provides us the right to terminate if the outstanding principal balance of the related insurance-linked notes falls below 10% of the initial principal balance of the related insurance-linked notes, and on any payment date on or after the respective Optional Call Date. We can elect early termination of the Traditional XOL Transactions beginning on this date, and quarterly thereafter.

Excess of Loss Reinsurance
Table 4.4b
Remaining First Layer Retention
($ in thousands)Initial First Layer Retention
March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
2024 Traditional XOL
$125,016 $124,985 $125,016 
2023 Traditional XOL70,578 70,218 70,401 
2022 Traditional XOL82,523 80,346 81,112 
2020 Traditional XOL
68,343 68,343 — 
Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.
272,961 271,268 272,269 
Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.325,589 321,918 322,566 
Home Re 2021-2, Ltd.190,159 187,889 188,211 
Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.
211,159 209,913 210,027 
Table 4.4c
Remaining Excess of Loss Reinsurance Coverage (1)
($ in thousands)
Initial Excess of Loss Reinsurance Coverage (1)
Initial Funding Percentage (2)
Funding Percentage at 3/31/2025 (2)
March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
2024 Traditional XOL
$187,220 
N/A
N/A
$187,220 $187,220 
2023 Traditional XOL96,942 
N/A
N/A87,542 91,404 
2022 Traditional XOL142,642 
N/A
N/A118,729 124,344 
2020 Traditional XOL
250,592 
N/A
N/A250,592 — 
Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.330,277 97 %96 %285,333 299,325 
Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.473,575 100 %100 %282,008 305,639 
Home Re 2021-2, Ltd. (3)
398,429 100 %88 %120,163 132,424 
Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.
398,848 100 %100 %75,906 92,019 
(1)The initial and remaining excess of loss reinsurance coverage is reduced by the applicable funding percentage.
(2)The funding percentage represents the aggregate outstanding note balances divided by the aggregate ending coverage amounts.
(3)The funding percentage on the 2021-2 was reduced from 100% after the tender offers were conducted in the fourth quarter of 2023.
Schedule of total assets of Home Re
Table 4.5 presents the total assets of the Home Re Entities as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Home Re total assets
Table4.5
(In thousands)Total VIE Assets
Home Re Entity
March 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
Home Re 2023-1 Ltd.$290,619 $303,733 
Home Re 2022-1 Ltd.290,274 313,229 
Home Re 2021-2 Ltd.124,487 136,486 
Home Re 2021-1 Ltd.81,406 97,373 
v3.25.1
Earnings per Share (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Calculation of earnings (loss) per share
Table 6.1 reconciles the numerators and denominators used to calculate basic and diluted EPS.
Earnings per share
Table
6.1
 Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)20252024
Net income - basic and diluted
$185,460 $174,097 
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
244,147 270,314 
Dilutive effect of unvested RSUs
2,343 2,794 
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
246,490 273,108 
Earnings per share:
Basic earnings per share
$0.76 $0.64 
Diluted earnings per share$0.75 $0.64 
v3.25.1
Investments (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Investments [Abstract]  
Amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of fixed income securities
Our fixed income securities classified as available-for-sale at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in tables 7.1a and 7.1b below.
Details of fixed income securities by category as of March 31, 2025
Table7.1a
(In thousands)Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized (Losses)Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$275,166 $340 $(3,812)$271,694 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions2,026,899 3,915 (165,119)1,865,695 
Corporate debt securities2,858,150 18,082 (93,465)2,782,767 
ABS180,604 2,702 (915)182,391 
RMBS375,046 4,463 (21,520)357,989 
CMBS264,095 421 (5,571)258,945 
CLOs146,537 76 (32)146,581 
Foreign government debt4,487  (587)3,900 
Commercial paper15,071   15,071 
Total fixed income securities
$6,146,055 $29,999 $(291,021)$5,885,033 
Details of fixed income securities by category as of December 31, 2024
Table7.1b
(In thousands)Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized (Losses)Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$265,349 $231 $(5,087)$260,493 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions2,065,953 2,331 (192,789)1,875,495 
Corporate debt securities2,857,627 12,593 (112,839)2,757,381 
ABS155,594 2,157 (1,234)156,517 
RMBS373,485 2,103 (25,528)350,060 
CMBS243,840 21 (7,990)235,871 
CLOs199,773 286 — 200,059 
Foreign government debt4,487 — (689)3,798 
Commercial paper12,015 — — 12,015 
Total fixed income securities
$6,178,123 $19,722 $(346,156)$5,851,689 
Amortized cost and fair values of fixed income securities by contractual maturity
The amortized cost and fair values of fixed income securities at March 31, 2025, by contractual maturity, are shown in table 7.2 below. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Because most mortgage and asset-backed securities are not due at a single maturity date, they are listed in separate categories.
Fixed income securities maturity schedule
Table7.2
March 31, 2025
(In thousands)Amortized costFair Value
Due in one year or less$742,080 $740,345 
Due after one year through five years1,664,014 1,634,666 
Due after five years through ten years1,809,299 1,717,716 
Due after ten years964,380 846,400 
5,179,773 4,939,127 
ABS180,604 182,391 
RMBS375,046 357,989 
CMBS264,095 258,945 
CLOs146,537 146,581 
Total$6,146,055 $5,885,033 
Cost and fair value of investments in equity securities
The cost and fair value of investments in equity securities at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in tables 7.3a and 7.3b below.
Details of equity security investments as of March 31, 2025
Table7.3a
(In thousands)Cost
Fair Value Gains
Fair Value Losses
Fair Value
Equity securities$16,180 $23 $(1,288)$14,915 
Details of equity security investments as of December 31, 2024
Table7.3b
(In thousands)CostFair Value GainsFair Value LossesFair Value
Equity securities$16,146 $$(1,392)$14,762 
Schedule of realized gains (losses) and proceeds from sale of securities
The net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments and the proceeds from the sale of fixed income securities classified as available-for-sale securities are shown in table 7.4 below.

Details of net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments
Table7.4Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)20252024
Fixed income securities:
Gains on sales$349 $55 
Losses on sales(29)(5,485)
Equity securities gains (losses):
Changes in fair value
120 (103)
Change in embedded derivative on Home Re Transactions(1)
301 (2,976)
Other:
Gains (losses) on sales 
Market adjustment (1)
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments$741 $(8,509)
Proceeds from sales of fixed income securities$20,737 $14,886 
(1) See Note 8 "Fair Value Measurements" for discussion of the embedded derivative on the Home Re Transactions.
Aging of the fair values of securities in an unrealized loss position
Tables 7.5a and 7.5b below summarize, for all available-for-sale investments in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by the length of time those securities have been continuously in an unrealized loss position. The fair value amounts reported in tables 7.5a and 7.5b are estimated using the process described in Note 8 - “Fair Value Measurements” to these consolidated financial statements and in Note 3 - “Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Unrealized loss aging for securities by type and length of time as of March 31, 2025
Table7.5a
Less Than 12 Months12 Months or GreaterTotal
(In thousands)Fair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$36,101 $(63)$66,902 $(3,749)$103,003 $(3,812)
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions378,830 (6,953)1,204,931 (158,166)1,583,761 (165,119)
Corporate debt securities595,473 (5,842)1,013,348 (87,623)1,608,821 (93,465)
ABS9,237 (94)37,330 (821)46,567 (915)
RMBS31,034 (379)194,501 (21,141)225,535 (21,520)
CMBS81,237 (864)136,860 (4,707)218,097 (5,571)
CLOs49,747 (32)— — 49,747 (32)
Foreign government debt— — 3,900 (587)3,900 (587)
Total$1,181,659 $(14,227)$2,657,772 $(276,794)$3,839,431 $(291,021)
Unrealized loss aging for securities by type and length of time as of December 31, 2024
Table7.5b
Less Than 12 Months12 Months or GreaterTotal
(In thousands)Fair Value
Unrealized
 Losses
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
Unrealized
 Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$37,017 $(437)$69,959 $(4,650)$106,976 $(5,087)
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions409,406 (5,621)1,195,869 (187,168)1,605,275 (192,789)
Corporate debt securities852,752 (10,334)1,051,862 (102,505)1,904,614 (112,839)
ABS20,090 (184)49,640 (1,050)69,730 (1,234)
RMBS171,654 (5,498)151,893 (20,030)323,547 (25,528)
CMBS77,567 (1,774)151,188 (6,216)228,755 (7,990)
Foreign government debt— — 3,798 (689)3,798 (689)
Total$1,568,486 $(23,848)$2,674,209 $(322,308)$4,242,695 $(346,156)
v3.25.1
Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair value measurements for items measured at fair value
Assets measured at fair value, by hierarchy level, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in tables 8.1a and 8.1b below. The fair value of the assets is estimated using the process described above, and more fully in Note 3 - “Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Assets carried at fair value by hierarchy level as of March 31, 2025
Table8.1a
(In thousands)Total Fair Value
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$271,694 $238,854 $32,840 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions1,865,695 — 1,865,695 
Corporate debt securities2,782,767 — 2,782,767 
ABS182,391 — 182,391 
RMBS357,989 — 357,989 
CMBS258,945 — 258,945 
CLOs146,581 — 146,581 
Foreign government debt3,900 — 3,900 
Commercial paper15,071 — 15,071 
Total fixed income securities5,885,033 238,854 5,646,179 
Equity securities14,915 14,915 — 
Cash equivalents (1)
209,501 200,260 9,241 
Total$6,109,449 $454,029 $5,655,420 
Assets carried at fair value by hierarchy level as of December 31, 2024
Table8.1b
(In thousands)Total Fair Value
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies$260,493 $220,369 $40,124 
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions1,875,495 — 1,875,495 
Corporate debt securities2,757,381 — 2,757,381 
ABS156,517 — 156,517 
RMBS350,060 — 350,060 
CMBS235,871 — 235,871 
CLOs200,059 — 200,059 
Foreign government debt3,798 — 3,798 
Commercial paper12,015 — 12,015 
Total fixed income securities5,851,689 220,369 5,631,320 
Equity securities14,762 14,762 — 
Cash equivalents (1)
230,156 219,943 10,213 
Total$6,096,607 $455,074 $5,641,533 
(1) Includes restricted cash equivalents
Carrying value and fair value of financial assets and liabilities
Table 8.2 presents the carrying value and fair value of our financial assets and liabilities disclosed, but not carried, at fair value at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value
Table8.2
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
(In thousands)Carrying ValueFair ValueCarrying ValueFair Value
Financial assets
Other invested assets$1,109 $1,109 $1,109 $1,109 
Financial liabilities
5.25% Senior Notes645,035 643,689 644,667 636,883 
v3.25.1
Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent [Abstract]  
Other comprehensive income
The pretax and related income tax benefit (expense) components of our other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are included in table 9.1 below.
Components of other comprehensive income (loss)
Table
9.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)2025
2024
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) arising during the period$65,406 $(13,154)
Total income tax benefit (expense)(13,735)2,762 
Net of tax
51,671 (10,392)
Net changes in benefit plan assets and obligations58 682 
Total income tax benefit (expense)(12)(143)
Net of tax
46 539 
Total other comprehensive income (loss)$65,464 (12,472)
Total income tax benefit (expense)(13,747)2,619 
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax$51,717 $(9,853)
Reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive income
The pretax and related income tax benefit (expense) components of the amounts reclassified from our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) to our consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are included in table 9.2 below.
Reclassifications from AOCI
Table
9.2
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)2025
2024
Reclassification adjustment for net realized (losses) gains (1)
$(5,981)$(9,973)
Income tax benefit (expense)1,256 2,094 
Net of tax
(4,725)(7,879)
Reclassification adjustment related to benefit plan assets and obligations (2)
(58)(682)
Income tax benefit (expense)12 143 
Net of tax
(46)(539)
Total reclassifications(6,039)(10,655)
Income tax benefit (expense)1,268 2,237 
Total reclassifications, net of tax$(4,771)$(8,418)
(1)Increases (decreases) Net realized investment gains (losses) on the consolidated statements of operations.
(2)Decreases (increases) Other underwriting and operating expenses, net on the consolidated statements of operations.
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
A rollforward of AOCI for the three months ended March 31, 2025, including amounts reclassified from AOCI, are included in table 9.3 below.
Rollforward of AOCI
Table
9.3
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
(In thousands)Net unrealized gains and (losses) on available-for-sale securitiesNet benefit plan assets and (obligations) recognized in shareholders' equityTotal accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance at December 31, 2024, net of tax$(257,878)$(30,284)$(288,162)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications46,946 — 46,946 
Less: Amounts reclassified from AOCI(4,725)(46)(4,771)
Balance, March 31, 2025, net of tax$(206,207)$(30,238)$(236,445)
v3.25.1
Benefit Plans (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Table 10.1 provides the components of net periodic benefit cost for our pension, supplemental executive retirement and other postretirement benefit plans for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Table
10.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
Pension and Supplemental Executive Retirement PlansOther Postretirement Benefit Plans
(In thousands)2025202420252024
Company service cost$ $— $234 $417 
Interest cost3,299 3,247 311 375 
Expected return on plan assets(3,442)(3,644)(2,911)(2,494)
Amortization of:
Net actuarial losses (gains)546 523 (692)(380)
Prior service cost (credit)86 86 118 453 
Cost of settlements and curtailments —  — 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)$489 $212 $(2,940)$(1,629)
v3.25.1
Loss Reserves (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Insurance Loss Reserves [Abstract]  
Reconciliation of beginning and ending loss reserves
Table 11.1 provides a reconciliation of beginning and ending loss reserves as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
Development of reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses
Table
11.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Reserve at beginning of period$462,662 $505,379 
Less reinsurance recoverable47,281 33,302 
Net reserve at beginning of period415,381 472,077 
Losses incurred:
Losses and LAE incurred in respect of delinquency notices received in:
Current year59,497 53,436 
Prior years (1)
(49,906)(48,881)
Total losses incurred9,591 4,555 
Losses paid:
Losses and LAE paid in respect of delinquency notices received in:
Current year — 
Prior years11,803 11,385 
Total losses paid11,803 11,385 
Net reserve at end of period413,169 465,247 
Plus reinsurance recoverable51,864 39,200 
Reserve at end of period$465,033 $504,447 
(1)A positive number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a deficiency of prior year reserves. A negative number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a redundancy of prior year loss reserves. See the following table for more information about prior year loss reserve development.
Prior year development of the reserves
The prior year loss reserve development for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 is shown in table 11.2 below.
Reserve development on previously received delinquencies
Table
11.2
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Increase (decrease) in estimated claim rate on primary defaults$(46,497)$(41,079)
Change in estimates related to severity on primary defaults, pool reserves, LAE reserves, reinsurance, and other(3,409)(7,802)
Total prior year loss development (1)
$(49,906)$(48,881)
(1)A positive number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a deficiency of prior year loss reserves. A negative number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a redundancy of prior year loss reserves.
v3.25.1
Share-Based Compensation (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Schedule of stock-based compensation, activity
Table 13.1 shows the number of restricted stock units (RSUs) granted to employees and non-employee directors and the weighted average fair value per share during the periods presented.
Restricted stock unit grants
Table
13.1
Three months ended March 31,
20252024
RSUs Granted
(in thousands)
Weighted Average Fair Value per Share
RSUs Granted
(in thousands)
Weighted Average Fair Value per Share
RSUs subject to performance conditions(1)337 $24.28 634 $19.81 
RSUs subject only to service conditions317 24.64 248 19.81 
Non-employee director RSUs59 24.12 76 19.81 
(1)Shares granted are subject to performance conditions under which the target number of shares granted may vest from 0% to 200%.
v3.25.1
Statutory Information Statutory Information (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Statutory Capital [Abstract]  
Summary of amounts disclosed under statutory accounting practices The statutory net income, policyholders’ surplus, and contingency loss reserves of our insurance subsidiaries, including MGIC, are shown in table 14.1.
Financial information of our insurance subsidiaries (including MGIC)
Table 14.1
As of and for the Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)20252024
Statutory net income$172,182 $72,714 
Statutory policyholders' surplus1,142,387 711,990 
Contingency loss reserves4,950,412 5,333,024 

v3.25.1
Segment Reporting (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Disaggregation of Significant Segment Expenses
The table below presents a disaggregation of significant segment expenses as monitored by our CODM:
Significant segment expenses
Table15.1
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)
20252024
Other underwriting and operating expenses net:
Employee costs
$36,960 $43,725 
Outside services (1)
7,811 8,069 
Premium taxes (2)
5,410 5,329 
Depreciation expense
943 1,140 
All other underwriting and operating (3)
282 755 
Total other underwriting and operating expenses net
$51,406 $59,018 
(1)Outside services expense generally includes expenses related to outsourced IT services and consulting services.
(2)Premium taxes are taxes paid to states and municipalities based upon the amount of premiums written.
(3)All other underwriting and operating expenses include ceding commissions (a reduction to our underwriting expenses, see Note 4 - "Reinsurance"), computer hardware and software expenses, legal, audit, insurance, and general and administrative expenses.
v3.25.1
Debt - Summary of Debt Obligations (Details) - Senior Notes - 5.25% Senior Notes Due 2028 - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Long-term debt $ 645,035 $ 644,667
Stated interest rate 5.25% 5.25%
Debt instrument, face amount $ 650,000 $ 650,000
v3.25.1
Debt - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Senior Notes | 5.25% Senior Notes Due 2028    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total interest payments $ 17,100 $ 17,100
v3.25.1
Reinsurance - Summary of Premiums Earned and Losses Incurred (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Premiums earned:    
Direct $ 284,821 $ 284,021
Assumed 3,561 3,442
Ceded (44,663) (44,819)
Net premiums earned 243,719 242,644
Losses incurred:    
Direct 16,017 10,979
Assumed 5 29
Losses incurred, net 9,591 4,555
Quota Share Reinsurance Transactions    
Premiums earned:    
Ceded (29,943) (28,715)
Losses incurred:    
Ceded (6,431) (6,453)
Profit commission on quota share reinsurance 28,695 24,584
Ceding commission on quota share reinsurance 11,727 10,660
Excess of Loss Reinsurance Transactions    
Premiums earned:    
Ceded $ (14,720) $ (16,104)
v3.25.1
Reinsurance - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]        
Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves $ 51,864 $ 47,281 $ 39,200 $ 33,302
Most New Insurance Written In 2026        
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]        
Reinsurance, quota share reinsurance agreement, terms, quota share, percent 40.00%      
Quota Share Reinsurance Transactions        
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]        
Ceding commission, percentage (as a percent) 20.00%      
Reinsurance, quote share reinsurance agreement, annual loss ratio cap (as a percent) 300.00%      
Reinsurance, quota reinsurance agreement, lifetime loss ratio cap (as a percent) 200.00%      
Threshold for private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements for termination election (less than) (as a percent) 90.00%      
Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves $ 51,900 $ 47,300    
Credit Union QSR Transaction        
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]        
Threshold for private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements for termination election (less than) (as a percent) 80.00%      
Reinsurance, quota share reinsurance agreement, terms, quota share, percent 65.00%      
Home Re special purpose insurers        
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]        
Percent of total trust assets invested in cash or direct U.S. federal government obligations 99.50%      
v3.25.1
Reinsurance - Quota Share Transactions Terms (Details)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
2020 QSR and 2021 QSR - 2021 NIW  
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]  
Quota Share % 14.80%
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (as a percent) 69.00%
Cede rate, option 1 (as a percent) 12.30%
Cede rate, option 2 (as a percent) 10.00%
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR - 2021 NIW  
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]  
Quota Share % 11.10%
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (as a percent) 69.00%
Cede rate, option 1 (as a percent) 9.40%
Cede rate, option 2 (as a percent) 7.00%
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR - 2022 NIW  
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]  
Quota Share % 15.00%
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (as a percent) 57.50%
Cede rate, option 1 (as a percent) 12.50%
Cede rate, option 2 (as a percent) 10.00%
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR - 2022 NIW  
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]  
Quota Share % 15.00%
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (as a percent) 62.00%
Cede rate, option 1 (as a percent) 12.50%
Cede rate, option 2 (as a percent) 10.00%
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR - 2023 NIW  
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]  
Quota Share % 15.00%
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (as a percent) 62.00%
Cede rate, option 1 (as a percent) 12.50%
Cede rate, option 2 (as a percent) 10.00%
2023 QSR - 2023 NIW  
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]  
Quota Share % 10.00%
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (as a percent) 58.50%
Cede rate, option 1 (as a percent) 8.00%
Cede rate, option 2 (as a percent) 7.00%
2024 QSR - 2024 NIW  
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]  
Quota Share % 30.00%
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (as a percent) 56.00%
Cede rate, option 1 (as a percent) 23.00%
Cede rate, option 2 (as a percent) 15.00%
2025 QSR - 2025 NIW  
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]  
Quota Share % 40.00%
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (as a percent) 63.00%
Cede rate, option 1 (as a percent) 30.00%
Cede rate, option 2 (as a percent) 20.00%
Credit Union QSR Transaction  
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]  
Quota Share % 65.00%
Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (as a percent) 50.00%
v3.25.1
Reinsurance - Excess of Loss Reinsurance (Details)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 01, 2025
USD ($)
Apr. 01, 2024
USD ($)
Oct. 23, 2023
USD ($)
Apr. 01, 2023
USD ($)
Apr. 26, 2022
USD ($)
Apr. 01, 2022
USD ($)
Aug. 03, 2021
USD ($)
Feb. 02, 2021
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
2024 Traditional XOL                    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]                    
Amortization period excess of loss reinsurance coverage   10 years                
Initial First Layer Retention   $ 125,016                
Remaining First Layer Retention                 $ 124,985 $ 125,016
Excess of loss reinsurance coverage, initial and remaining   $ 187,220             187,220 187,220
2023 Traditional XOL                    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]                    
Amortization period excess of loss reinsurance coverage       10 years            
Initial First Layer Retention       $ 70,578            
Remaining First Layer Retention                 70,218 70,401
Excess of loss reinsurance coverage, initial and remaining       $ 96,942         87,542 91,404
2022 Traditional XOL                    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]                    
Amortization period excess of loss reinsurance coverage           10 years        
Initial First Layer Retention           $ 82,523        
Remaining First Layer Retention                 80,346 81,112
Excess of loss reinsurance coverage, initial and remaining           $ 142,642     118,729 124,344
2020 Traditional XOL                    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]                    
Amortization period excess of loss reinsurance coverage 10 years                  
Initial First Layer Retention $ 68,343                  
Remaining First Layer Retention                 68,343  
Excess of loss reinsurance coverage, initial and remaining $ 250,592               $ 250,592  
Excess of Loss Reinsurance Transactions, Home Re Transactions                    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]                    
Percent of reinsurance coverage threshold, option to terminate (as a percent)                 10.00%  
Home Re 2023-1                    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]                    
Term of mortgage insurance-linked notes     10 years              
Initial First Layer Retention     $ 272,961              
Remaining First Layer Retention                 $ 271,268 272,269
Excess of loss reinsurance coverage, initial and remaining     $ 330,277           $ 285,333 299,325
Reinsurance Retention Policy, Funding Percentage     0.97           0.96  
Home Re 2022-1                    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]                    
Term of mortgage insurance-linked notes         12 years 6 months          
Initial First Layer Retention         $ 325,589          
Remaining First Layer Retention                 $ 321,918 322,566
Excess of loss reinsurance coverage, initial and remaining         $ 473,575       $ 282,008 305,639
Reinsurance Retention Policy, Funding Percentage         1       1  
Home Re 2021-2                    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]                    
Term of mortgage insurance-linked notes             12 years 6 months      
Initial First Layer Retention             $ 190,159      
Remaining First Layer Retention                 $ 187,889 188,211
Excess of loss reinsurance coverage, initial and remaining             $ 398,429   $ 120,163 132,424
Reinsurance Retention Policy, Funding Percentage             1   0.88  
Home Re 2021-1                    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]                    
Term of mortgage insurance-linked notes               12 years 6 months    
Initial First Layer Retention               $ 211,159    
Remaining First Layer Retention                 $ 209,913 210,027
Excess of loss reinsurance coverage, initial and remaining               $ 398,848 $ 75,906 $ 92,019
Reinsurance Retention Policy, Funding Percentage               1 1  
v3.25.1
Reinsurance - Variable Interest Entity (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]    
Total VIE Assets $ 6,535,136 $ 6,547,235
Home Re 2023-1    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]    
Total VIE Assets 290,619 303,733
Home Re 2022-1    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]    
Total VIE Assets 290,274 313,229
Home Re 2021-2    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]    
Total VIE Assets 124,487 136,486
Home Re 2021-1    
Effects of Reinsurance [Line Items]    
Total VIE Assets $ 81,406 $ 97,373
v3.25.1
Earnings per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share, Basic    
Net income - basic $ 185,460 $ 174,097
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic (in shares) 244,147 270,314
Basic earnings per share (in dollars per share) $ 0.76 $ 0.64
Earnings Per Share, Diluted    
Net income - diluted $ 185,460 $ 174,097
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic (in shares) 244,147 270,314
Dilutive Securities, Effect on Basic Earnings Per Share [Abstract]    
Unvested RSUs (in shares) 2,343 2,794
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares) 246,490 273,108
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share) $ 0.75 $ 0.64
v3.25.1
Investments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost $ 6,146,055 $ 6,178,123
Gross Unrealized Gains 29,999 19,722
Gross Unrealized Losses (291,021) (346,156)
Fair Value 5,885,033 5,851,689
Assets held by insurance regulatory requirements 12,300 12,200
Assets held in trust for the benefit of contractual counterparties 182,800 199,900
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 275,166 265,349
Gross Unrealized Gains 340 231
Gross Unrealized Losses (3,812) (5,087)
Fair Value 271,694 260,493
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 2,026,899 2,065,953
Gross Unrealized Gains 3,915 2,331
Gross Unrealized Losses (165,119) (192,789)
Fair Value 1,865,695 1,875,495
Corporate debt securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 2,858,150 2,857,627
Gross Unrealized Gains 18,082 12,593
Gross Unrealized Losses (93,465) (112,839)
Fair Value 2,782,767 2,757,381
ABS    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 180,604 155,594
Gross Unrealized Gains 2,702 2,157
Gross Unrealized Losses (915) (1,234)
Fair Value 182,391 156,517
RMBS    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 375,046 373,485
Gross Unrealized Gains 4,463 2,103
Gross Unrealized Losses (21,520) (25,528)
Fair Value 357,989 350,060
CMBS    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 264,095 243,840
Gross Unrealized Gains 421 21
Gross Unrealized Losses (5,571) (7,990)
Fair Value 258,945 235,871
CLOs    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 146,537 199,773
Gross Unrealized Gains 76 286
Gross Unrealized Losses (32) 0
Fair Value 146,581 200,059
Foreign government debt    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 4,487 4,487
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (587) (689)
Fair Value 3,900 3,798
Commercial paper    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 15,071 12,015
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses 0 0
Fair Value $ 15,071 $ 12,015
v3.25.1
Investments - Amortized Cost and Fair Values of Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Amortized cost    
Due in one year or less $ 742,080  
Due after one year through five years 1,664,014  
Due after five years through ten years 1,809,299  
Due after ten years 964,380  
Total debt securities with single maturity date, amortized cost 5,179,773  
Amortized Cost 6,146,055 $ 6,178,123
Fair Value    
Due in one year or less 740,345  
Due after one year through five years 1,634,666  
Due after five years through ten years 1,717,716  
Due after ten years 846,400  
Total debt securities with single maturity date, fair value 4,939,127  
Total at end of period 5,885,033 5,851,689
ABS    
Amortized cost    
Total debt securities without single maturity date, amortized cost 180,604  
Amortized Cost 180,604 155,594
Fair Value    
Total debt securities without single maturity date, fair value 182,391  
Total at end of period 182,391 156,517
RMBS    
Amortized cost    
Total debt securities without single maturity date, amortized cost 375,046  
Amortized Cost 375,046 373,485
Fair Value    
Total debt securities without single maturity date, fair value 357,989  
Total at end of period 357,989 350,060
CMBS    
Amortized cost    
Total debt securities without single maturity date, amortized cost 264,095  
Amortized Cost 264,095 243,840
Fair Value    
Total debt securities without single maturity date, fair value 258,945  
Total at end of period 258,945 235,871
CLOs    
Amortized cost    
Total debt securities without single maturity date, amortized cost 146,537  
Amortized Cost 146,537 199,773
Fair Value    
Total debt securities without single maturity date, fair value 146,581  
Total at end of period $ 146,581 $ 200,059
v3.25.1
Investments - Equity Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Equity Securities, FV-NI, Gain (Loss) [Abstract]    
Cost $ 16,180 $ 16,146
Fair Value Gains 23 8
Fair Value Losses (1,288) (1,392)
Equity securities $ 14,915 $ 14,762
v3.25.1
Investments - Net Gains (Losses) On Investments and Other Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Fixed income securities:    
Gross realized gains on sales of fixed income securities $ 349 $ 55
Gross realized losses on sales of fixed income securities (29) (5,485)
Equity securities gains (losses):    
Equity securities, gains (losses), market adjustment 120 (103)
Change in embedded derivative on Home Re Transactions(1) 301 (2,976)
Other:    
Other, gains (losses) on sales 0 1
Other, market adjustment 0 (1)
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments 741 (8,509)
Proceeds from sales of fixed income securities $ 20,737 $ 14,886
v3.25.1
Investments - Securities In Unrealized Loss Position (Details)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2025
USD ($)
security
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
security
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Less Than 12 Months - Fair Value $ 1,181,659 $ 1,568,486
12 Months or Greater - Fair Value 2,657,772 2,674,209
Total - Fair Value 3,839,431 4,242,695
Less Than 12 Months - Unrealized Losses (14,227) (23,848)
12 Months or Greater - Unrealized Losses (276,794) (322,308)
Total - Unrealized Losses $ (291,021) $ (346,156)
Number of securities in unrealized loss position (in securities) | security 986 1,020
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Less Than 12 Months - Fair Value $ 36,101 $ 37,017
12 Months or Greater - Fair Value 66,902 69,959
Total - Fair Value 103,003 106,976
Less Than 12 Months - Unrealized Losses (63) (437)
12 Months or Greater - Unrealized Losses (3,749) (4,650)
Total - Unrealized Losses (3,812) (5,087)
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Less Than 12 Months - Fair Value 378,830 409,406
12 Months or Greater - Fair Value 1,204,931 1,195,869
Total - Fair Value 1,583,761 1,605,275
Less Than 12 Months - Unrealized Losses (6,953) (5,621)
12 Months or Greater - Unrealized Losses (158,166) (187,168)
Total - Unrealized Losses (165,119) (192,789)
Corporate debt securities    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Less Than 12 Months - Fair Value 595,473 852,752
12 Months or Greater - Fair Value 1,013,348 1,051,862
Total - Fair Value 1,608,821 1,904,614
Less Than 12 Months - Unrealized Losses (5,842) (10,334)
12 Months or Greater - Unrealized Losses (87,623) (102,505)
Total - Unrealized Losses (93,465) (112,839)
ABS    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Less Than 12 Months - Fair Value 9,237 20,090
12 Months or Greater - Fair Value 37,330 49,640
Total - Fair Value 46,567 69,730
Less Than 12 Months - Unrealized Losses (94) (184)
12 Months or Greater - Unrealized Losses (821) (1,050)
Total - Unrealized Losses (915) (1,234)
RMBS    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Less Than 12 Months - Fair Value 31,034 171,654
12 Months or Greater - Fair Value 194,501 151,893
Total - Fair Value 225,535 323,547
Less Than 12 Months - Unrealized Losses (379) (5,498)
12 Months or Greater - Unrealized Losses (21,141) (20,030)
Total - Unrealized Losses (21,520) (25,528)
CMBS    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Less Than 12 Months - Fair Value 81,237 77,567
12 Months or Greater - Fair Value 136,860 151,188
Total - Fair Value 218,097 228,755
Less Than 12 Months - Unrealized Losses (864) (1,774)
12 Months or Greater - Unrealized Losses (4,707) (6,216)
Total - Unrealized Losses (5,571) (7,990)
CLOs    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Less Than 12 Months - Fair Value 49,747  
12 Months or Greater - Fair Value 0  
Total - Fair Value 49,747  
Less Than 12 Months - Unrealized Losses (32)  
12 Months or Greater - Unrealized Losses 0  
Total - Unrealized Losses (32)  
Foreign government debt    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Less Than 12 Months - Fair Value 0 0
12 Months or Greater - Fair Value 3,900 3,798
Total - Fair Value 3,900 3,798
Less Than 12 Months - Unrealized Losses 0 0
12 Months or Greater - Unrealized Losses (587) (689)
Total - Unrealized Losses $ (587) $ (689)
v3.25.1
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value $ 5,885,033   $ 5,851,689
Equity securities 14,915   14,762
Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 5,885,033   5,851,689
Equity securities 14,915   14,762
Cash equivalents 209,501   230,156
Total assets 6,109,449   6,096,607
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 238,854   220,369
Equity securities 14,915   14,762
Cash equivalents 200,260   219,943
Total assets 454,029   455,074
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 5,646,179   5,631,320
Equity securities 0   0
Cash equivalents 9,241   10,213
Total assets 5,655,420   5,641,533
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Embedded derivative related to Home Re transactions (100)   (400)
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | Real Estate Acquired      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Purchases of real estate assets acquired 700 $ 1,000  
Sales of real estate assets acquired 1,100 $ 0  
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 271,694   260,493
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 271,694   260,493
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 238,854   220,369
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 32,840   40,124
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 1,865,695   1,875,495
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 1,865,695   1,875,495
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 0   0
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 1,865,695   1,875,495
Corporate debt securities      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 2,782,767   2,757,381
Corporate debt securities | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 2,782,767   2,757,381
Corporate debt securities | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 0   0
Corporate debt securities | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 2,782,767   2,757,381
ABS      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 182,391   156,517
ABS | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 182,391   156,517
ABS | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 0   0
ABS | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 182,391   156,517
RMBS      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 357,989   350,060
RMBS | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 357,989   350,060
RMBS | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 0   0
RMBS | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 357,989   350,060
CMBS      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 258,945   235,871
CMBS | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 258,945   235,871
CMBS | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 0   0
CMBS | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 258,945   235,871
CLOs      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 146,581   200,059
CLOs | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 146,581   200,059
CLOs | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 0   0
CLOs | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 146,581   200,059
Foreign government debt      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 3,900   3,798
Foreign government debt | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 3,900   3,798
Foreign government debt | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 0   0
Foreign government debt | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 3,900   3,798
Commercial paper      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 15,071   12,015
Commercial paper | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 15,071   12,015
Commercial paper | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value 0   0
Commercial paper | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Fair Value, Recurring      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair Value $ 15,071   $ 12,015
v3.25.1
Fair Value Measurements - Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Carrying Value    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Other invested assets $ 1,109 $ 1,109
Fair Value | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Other invested assets $ 1,109 $ 1,109
Senior Notes | 5.25% Senior Notes Due 2028    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Stated interest rate 5.25% 5.25%
Senior Notes | 5.25% Senior Notes Due 2028 | Carrying Value    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Senior Notes Payable $ 645,035 $ 644,667
Senior Notes | 5.25% Senior Notes Due 2028 | Fair Value | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Senior Notes Payable $ 643,689 $ 636,883
v3.25.1
Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]    
Total other comprehensive income (loss) $ 65,464 $ (12,472)
Income tax benefit (expense) (13,747) 2,619
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 51,717 (9,853)
Amounts Reclassified From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Abstract]    
Total reclassifications before tax 234,681 219,880
Income tax benefit (expense) (49,221) (45,783)
Total reclassifications, net of tax 185,460 174,097
Reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income    
Amounts Reclassified From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Abstract]    
Total reclassifications before tax (6,039) (10,655)
Income tax benefit (expense) 1,268 2,237
Total reclassifications, net of tax (4,771) (8,418)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)    
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]    
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 51,717 (9,853)
Net unrealized gains and (losses) on available-for-sale securities    
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]    
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 65,406 (13,154)
Income tax benefit (expense) (13,735) 2,762
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 51,671 (10,392)
Net unrealized gains and (losses) on available-for-sale securities | Reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income    
Amounts Reclassified From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Abstract]    
Total reclassifications before tax (5,981) (9,973)
Income tax benefit (expense) 1,256 2,094
Total reclassifications, net of tax (4,725) (7,879)
Net benefit plan assets and (obligations) recognized in shareholders' equity    
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]    
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 58 682
Income tax benefit (expense) (12) (143)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 46 539
Net benefit plan assets and (obligations) recognized in shareholders' equity | Reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income    
Amounts Reclassified From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Abstract]    
Total reclassifications before tax (58) (682)
Income tax benefit (expense) 12 143
Total reclassifications, net of tax $ (46) $ (539)
v3.25.1
Other Comprehensive Income - Rollforward of AOCI (Details)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
USD ($)
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]  
Balance, beginning of period $ 5,172,375
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 46,946
Less: Amounts reclassified from AOCI (4,771)
Balance, end of period 5,139,884
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)  
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]  
Balance, beginning of period (288,162)
Balance, end of period (236,445)
Net unrealized gains and (losses) on available-for-sale securities  
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]  
Balance, beginning of period (257,878)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 46,946
Less: Amounts reclassified from AOCI (4,725)
Balance, end of period (206,207)
Net benefit plan assets and (obligations) recognized in shareholders' equity  
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]  
Balance, beginning of period (30,284)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 0
Less: Amounts reclassified from AOCI (46)
Balance, end of period $ (30,238)
v3.25.1
Benefit Plans (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Pension and Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans    
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost [Abstract]    
Company service cost $ 0 $ 0
Interest cost 3,299 3,247
Expected return on plan assets (3,442) (3,644)
Net actuarial losses (gains) 546 523
Prior service cost (credit) 86 86
Cost of settlements and curtailments 0 0
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) 489 212
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans    
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost [Abstract]    
Company service cost 234 417
Interest cost 311 375
Expected return on plan assets (2,911) (2,494)
Net actuarial losses (gains) (692) (380)
Prior service cost (credit) 118 453
Cost of settlements and curtailments 0 0
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) (2,940) $ (1,629)
Pension Plan    
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost [Abstract]    
Company contribution to qualified pension plan $ 7,500  
v3.25.1
Loss Reserves (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]      
Increase (decrease) in loss reserves $ 2,371 $ (932)  
Losses incurred related to prior year notices (49,906) (48,881)  
Premium refund liability, expected claim payments 11,100   $ 12,500
$1,000 Increase/Decrease In Average Severity Reserve Factor      
Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]      
Increase (decrease) in loss reserves 7,000    
One Percentage Point Increase/Decrease In Average Claim Rate Reserve Factor      
Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]      
Increase (decrease) in loss reserves 18,000    
Increase (decrease) in estimated claim rate on primary defaults      
Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]      
Losses incurred related to prior year notices (46,497) (41,079)  
Change in estimates related to severity on primary defaults, pool reserves, LAE reserves, reinsurance, and other      
Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]      
Losses incurred related to prior year notices $ (3,409) $ (7,802)  
v3.25.1
Loss Reserves - Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Balances (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Loss Reserve [Roll Forward]    
Reserve at beginning of period $ 462,662 $ 505,379
Less reinsurance recoverable 47,281 33,302
Net reserve at beginning of period 415,381 472,077
Losses and LAE incurred in respect of delinquency notices received in:    
Current year 59,497 53,436
Prior years (49,906) (48,881)
Total losses incurred 9,591 4,555
Losses and LAE paid in respect of delinquency notices received in:    
Current year 0 0
Prior years 11,803 11,385
Total losses paid 11,803 11,385
Net reserve at end of period 413,169 465,247
Plus reinsurance recoverable 51,864 39,200
Reserve at end of period $ 465,033 $ 504,447
v3.25.1
Shareholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Apr. 24, 2025
Apr. 25, 2025
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Class of Stock [Line Items]        
Shares repurchased and retired in period (in shares)     9.2 25.3
Common stock repurchased and retired during period     $ 224.3 $ 566.6
Remaining authorized repurchase amount     $ 232.9  
Quarterly cash dividend paid (per share)     $ 0.13  
Cash dividends     $ 32.5  
Subsequent Event        
Class of Stock [Line Items]        
Shares repurchased and retired in period (in shares)   2.8    
Common stock repurchased and retired during period   $ 65.8    
Quarterly cash dividend declared (per share) $ 0.13      
Authorized share repurchase program amount $ 750.0      
v3.25.1
Share-Based Compensation (Details) - $ / shares
shares in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Post-vesting holding period for grants to executive officers and non-employee directors 1 year  
RSUs subject to performance conditions    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Granted (in shares) 337 634
Weighted Average Fair Value per Share (in dollars per share) $ 24.28 $ 19.81
RSUs subject only to service conditions    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Granted (in shares) 317 248
Weighted Average Fair Value per Share (in dollars per share) $ 24.64 $ 19.81
Non-employee director RSUs    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Granted (in shares) 59 76
Weighted Average Fair Value per Share (in dollars per share) $ 24.12 $ 19.81
Minimum    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Award vesting period (in years) 1 year  
Minimum | RSUs subject to performance conditions    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Percent of shares that may vest (as a percent) 0.00%  
Maximum    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Award vesting period (in years) 3 years  
Maximum | RSUs subject to performance conditions    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Percent of shares that may vest (as a percent) 200.00%  
v3.25.1
Statutory Information - Narrative (Details)
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2025
jurisdiction
Statutory capital requirements [Abstract]    
Number of jurisdictions with risk-to-capital requirements (in jurisdictions) | jurisdiction   16
Maximum permitted risk-to-capital ratio commonly applied   25 to 1
Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation    
Statutory capital requirements [Abstract]    
Percentage of statutory policyholders surplus used to determine maximum allowable dividends (as a percent)   10.00%
Adjusted statutory net income measurement period (in years)   3 years
Adjusted statutory net income dividend payment measurement period (in years)   2 years
Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation | Subsequent Event    
Statutory capital requirements [Abstract]    
Dividend paid to MGIC Investment Corporation | $ $ 400  
v3.25.1
Statutory Information - Summary of Amounts Disclosed Under Statutory Accounting Practices (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Statutory Capital [Abstract]    
Statutory net income $ 172,182 $ 72,714
Statutory policyholders' surplus 1,142,387 711,990
Contingency loss reserves $ 4,950,412 $ 5,333,024
v3.25.1
Segment Reporting (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Total other underwriting and operating expenses net $ 51,406 $ 59,018
Mortgage Insurance Segment    
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Employee costs 36,960 43,725
Outside services 7,811 8,069
Premium taxes 5,410 5,329
Depreciation expense 943 1,140
All other underwriting and operating 282 755
Total other underwriting and operating expenses net $ 51,406 $ 59,018

MGIC Investment (NYSE:MTG)
Historical Stock Chart
From Jun 2025 to Jul 2025 Click Here for more MGIC Investment Charts.
MGIC Investment (NYSE:MTG)
Historical Stock Chart
From Jul 2024 to Jul 2025 Click Here for more MGIC Investment Charts.