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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________ to ________
Commission File Number 001-31456
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

GENESEE & WYOMING INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Delaware
GWLOGOA18.JPG
06-0984624
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
20 West Avenue, Darien, Connecticut 06820
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
(203202-8900
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
_____________________________________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
Trading Symbol
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Class A Common Stock
GWR
New York Stock Exchange
 (NYSE)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.      Yes      No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).      Yes      No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
 

 
Accelerated filer
 
Non-accelerated filer
 



 
Smaller reporting company
 
 
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    
  Yes      No
Shares of common stock outstanding as of the close of business on October 31, 2019:
Class
 
Number of Shares Outstanding
Class A Common Stock
 
57,037,678
Class B Common Stock
 
2,072
 



INDEX
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part I
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
Part II
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 1A.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
Item 5.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 
 
 

2


Unless the context otherwise requires, when used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the terms "Genesee & Wyoming," "G&W," the "Company," "we," "our" and "us" refer to Genesee & Wyoming Inc. and its subsidiaries. All references to currency amounts included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the financial statements, are in United States dollars unless specifically noted otherwise. The term carload represents physical railcars and the estimated railcar equivalents of commodities transported by metric ton or other measure, as well as intermodal units.
From time to time, we may use our website as a channel of distribution of material company information. Financial and other material information regarding the Company is routinely posted on and accessible at www.gwrr.com/investors. In addition, you may automatically receive email alerts and other information about us by enrolling your email address in the "Email Alerts" section of www.gwrr.com/investors. The information contained on or connected to our Internet website is not deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report or filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.    
Forward-Looking Statements
This report and other documents referred to in this report contain forward-looking statements regarding future events and the future performance of Genesee & Wyoming Inc. that are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry, our business and our performance, management's beliefs and assumptions made by management. Words such as "anticipates," "intends," "plans," "believes," "could," "should," "seeks," "expects," "will," "estimates," "trends," "outlook," variations of these words and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to forecast, including the following: the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstances that could give rise to the termination of the merger agreement with affiliates of Brookfield Infrastructure and GIC; the inability to complete the proposed merger due to the failure to satisfy other conditions to completion of the proposed merger, including that a governmental entity may prohibit, delay or refuse to grant approval for the consummation of the transaction; risks related to disruption of management’s attention from G&W's ongoing business operations due to the transaction; the effect of the proposed merger on G&W's ability to retain and hire key personnel or maintain relationships with its customers, operating results and business generally; the risk that the proposed merger will not be consummated in a timely manner; exceeding the expected costs of the merger; risks related to the operation of our railroads; severe weather conditions and other natural occurrences, which could result in shutdowns, derailments, railroad network and port congestion or other substantial disruption of operations; customer demand and changes in our operations or loss of important customers; exposure to the credit risk of customers and counterparties; changes in commodity prices; consummation and integration of acquisitions; implementation of restructuring plans; economic, political and industry conditions, including employee strikes or work stoppages; retention and contract continuation; our ability to attract and retain skilled workers; legislative and regulatory developments, including changes in environmental and other laws and regulations to which we or our customers are subject; increased competition in relevant markets; funding needs and financing sources, including our ability to obtain government funding for capital projects; international complexities of operations, currency fluctuations, finance, tax and decentralized management; challenges of managing rapid growth, including retention and development of senior leadership; unpredictability of fuel costs; susceptibility to and outcome of various legal claims, lawsuits and arbitrations; increase in, or volatility associated with, expenses related to estimated claims, self-insured retention amounts and insurance coverage, collectability and limits; consummation of new business opportunities; decrease in revenues and/or increase in costs and expenses; susceptibility to the risks of doing business in foreign countries; uncertainties arising from a referendum in which voters in the United Kingdom (U.K.) approved an exit from the European Union (E.U.), commonly referred to as Brexit; our ability to integrate acquired businesses successfully or to realize the expected synergies associated with acquisitions; risks associated with our substantial indebtedness; failure to maintain satisfactory working relationships with partners in Australia; failure to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting as well as disclosure controls and procedures and other risks including, but not limited to, those set forth in Part II Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, if any, and those noted in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K under "Risk Factors." Therefore, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in any such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report or as of the date they were made. We do not undertake, and expressly disclaim, any duty to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law.

3


PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 and DECEMBER 31, 2018 (Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share and share amounts)
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31,
2018
ASSETS
 
 
 
CURRENT ASSETS:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
86,912

 
$
90,387

Accounts receivable, net
437,062

 
426,305

Materials and supplies
58,476

 
56,716

Prepaid expenses and other
36,275

 
54,185

Total current assets
618,725

 
627,593

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net
4,664,837

 
4,613,014

GOODWILL
1,096,095

 
1,115,849

INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net
1,362,963

 
1,430,197

DEFERRED INCOME TAX ASSETS, net
5,102

 
4,616

OTHER ASSETS
536,657

 
77,192

Total assets
$
8,284,379

 
$
7,868,461

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$
38,951

 
$
28,303

Accounts payable
278,418

 
288,070

Accrued expenses
245,874

 
165,280

Total current liabilities
563,243

 
481,653

LONG-TERM DEBT, less current portion
2,176,563

 
2,425,235

DEFERRED INCOME TAX LIABILITIES, net
884,402

 
877,721

DEFERRED ITEMS - grants from outside parties
344,813

 
326,520

OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
608,101

 
127,280

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES


 


EQUITY:
 
 
 
Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value, one vote per share; 180,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018; 75,696,850 and 75,240,513 shares issued and 56,663,012 and 56,349,327 shares outstanding (net of 19,033,838 and 18,891,186 shares in treasury) on September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively
757

 
752

Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value, ten votes per share; 30,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018; 376,392 and 517,138 shares issued and outstanding on September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively
4

 
5

Additional paid-in capital
1,812,085

 
1,785,005

Retained earnings
2,638,043

 
2,482,252

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(230,108
)
 
(146,456
)
Treasury stock, at cost
(711,922
)
 
(699,852
)
Total Genesee & Wyoming Inc. stockholders' equity
3,508,859

 
3,421,706

Noncontrolling interest
198,398

 
208,346

Total equity
3,707,257

 
3,630,052

Total liabilities and equity
$
8,284,379

 
$
7,868,461

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

4


GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
OPERATING REVENUES
$
583,694

 
$
603,304

 
$
1,713,263

 
$
1,772,955

OPERATING EXPENSES:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Labor and benefits
175,500

 
175,853

 
539,751

 
539,407

Equipment rents
30,926

 
35,325

 
95,169

 
104,214

Purchased services
51,055

 
53,717

 
156,337

 
178,864

Depreciation and amortization
63,026

 
65,392

 
188,169

 
197,127

Diesel fuel used in train operations
41,533

 
45,713

 
127,674

 
137,487

Electricity used in train operations
1,794

 
2,742

 
6,344

 
7,020

Casualties and insurance
11,658

 
9,912

 
34,869

 
32,862

Materials
32,435

 
32,744

 
94,949

 
97,589

Trackage rights
21,266

 
22,838

 
64,633

 
67,119

Net gain on sale and impairment of assets
(641
)
 
(642
)
 
(1,151
)
 
(2,501
)
Restructuring and related costs
3,561

 
3,286

 
18,756

 
12,931

Other expenses, net
38,825

 
28,604

 
101,097

 
82,978

Total operating expenses
470,938

 
475,484

 
1,426,597

 
1,455,097

OPERATING INCOME
112,756

 
127,820

 
286,666

 
317,858

Interest income
1,244

 
417

 
2,615

 
1,499

Interest expense
(25,386
)
 
(26,429
)
 
(80,395
)
 
(80,605
)
Other income/(loss), net
1,132

 
1,515

 
4,165

 
(237
)
Income before income taxes
89,746

 
103,323

 
213,051

 
238,515

Provision for income taxes
(19,975
)
 
(31,013
)
 
(53,101
)
 
(41,569
)
Net income
$
69,771

 
$
72,310

 
$
159,950

 
$
196,946

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
2,979

 
2,720

 
3,011

 
8,090

Net income attributable to Genesee & Wyoming Inc.

$
66,792

 
$
69,590

 
$
156,939

 
$
188,856

Basic earnings per common share attributable to Genesee & Wyoming Inc. common stockholders:
$
1.18

 
$
1.18

 
$
2.78

 
$
3.13

Weighted average shares – Basic
56,638

 
59,168

 
56,497

 
60,343

Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Genesee & Wyoming Inc. common stockholders:
$
1.16

 
$
1.16

 
$
2.74

 
$
3.08

Weighted average shares – Diluted
57,532

 
60,131

 
57,297

 
61,255

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

5


GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands)
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
NET INCOME
$
69,771

 
$
72,310

 
$
159,950

 
$
196,946

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax provision of ($2,068), $0, ($1,885) and $0, respectively
(36,647
)
 
(9,501
)
 
(32,641
)
 
(59,042
)
Net unrealized (loss)/gain on qualifying hedges, net of tax benefit/(provision) of $8,720, ($1,583), $19,430 and ($4,612), respectively
(27,462
)
 
5,153

 
(61,139
)
 
14,756

Changes in pension and other postretirement benefits, net of tax (provision)/benefit of ($8), ($14), $74 and ($42), respectively
60

 
43

 
(94
)
 
129

Other comprehensive loss
(64,049
)
 
(4,305
)
 
(93,874
)
 
(44,157
)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
$
5,722

 
$
68,005

 
$
66,076

 
$
152,789

Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
(4,759
)
 
(2,179
)
 
(7,211
)
 
(9,495
)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO GENESEE & WYOMING INC.
$
10,481

 
$
70,184

 
$
73,287

 
$
162,284

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



6


GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
G&W Stockholders
 
 
 
 
 
 
Class A
Common Stock
 
Class B
Common
Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss)/Income
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Non-controlling Interest
 
Total
Equity
BALANCE, December 31, 2018
 
$
752

 
$
5

 
$
1,785,005

 
$
2,482,252

 
$
(146,456
)
 
$
(699,852
)
 
$
208,346

 
3,630,052

Net income
 

 

 

 
38,706

 

 

 
100

 
38,806

Other comprehensive (loss)/income
 

 

 

 

 
(6,989
)
 

 
818

 
(6,171
)
Conversion of 100,000 shares Class B Common Stock to Class A Common Stock
 
1

 
(1
)
 

 

 

 

 

 

Value of stock issued for stock-based compensation - 164,732 shares Class A Common Stock
 
2

 

 
2,069

 

 

 

 

 
2,071

Compensation cost related to stock-based compensation
 

 

 
3,884

 

 

 

 

 
3,884

Value of treasury stock repurchased - 111,289 shares
 

 

 

 

 

 
(8,630
)
 

 
(8,630
)
Other
 

 

 
(832
)
 
(1,104
)
 

 

 
(796
)
 
(2,732
)
BALANCE, March 31, 2019
 
$
755

 
$
4

 
$
1,790,126

 
$
2,519,854

 
$
(153,445
)
 
$
(708,482
)
 
$
208,468

 
$
3,657,280

Net income/(loss)
 

 

 

 
51,441

 

 

 
(68
)
 
51,373

Other comprehensive loss
 

 

 

 

 
(20,352
)
 

 
(3,302
)
 
(23,654
)
Conversion of 40,746 shares Class B Common Stock to Class A Common Stock
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Value of stock issued for stock-based compensation - 38,512 shares Class A Common Stock
 
1

 

 
2,095

 

 

 

 

 
2,096

Compensation cost related to stock-based compensation
 

 

 
4,227

 

 

 

 

 
4,227

Other (including treasury stock repurchased - 107 shares)
 

 

 
1,346

 
(44
)
 

 

 
(1,722
)
 
(420
)
BALANCE, June 30, 2019
 
$
756

 
$
4

 
$
1,797,794

 
$
2,571,251

 
$
(173,797
)
 
$
(708,482
)
 
$
203,376

 
$
3,690,902

Net income
 

 

 

 
66,792

 

 

 
2,979

 
69,771

Other comprehensive loss
 

 

 

 

 
(56,311
)
 

 
(7,738
)
 
(64,049
)
Value of stock issued for stock-based compensation - 112,347 shares Class A Common Stock
 
1

 

 
10,227

 

 

 

 

 
10,228

Compensation cost related to stock-based compensation
 

 

 
4,277

 

 

 

 

 
4,277

Value of treasury stock acquisitions from equity awards - 31,256 shares
 

 

 

 

 

 
(3,440
)
 

 
(3,440
)
Other
 

 

 
(213
)
 

 

 

 
(219
)
 
(432
)
BALANCE, September 30, 2019
 
$
757

 
$
4

 
$
1,812,085

 
$
2,638,043

 
$
(230,108
)
 
$
(711,922
)
 
$
198,398

 
$
3,707,257

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

7


GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands) (continued)
 
 
G&W Stockholders
 
Non-controlling Interest
 
Total
Equity
 
 
Class A
Common Stock
 
Class B
Common
Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss)/Income
 
Treasury
Stock
 
 
BALANCE, December 31, 2017
 
$
748

 
$
7

 
$
1,757,332

 
$
2,234,864

 
$
(105,534
)
 
$
(236,951
)
 
$
245,626

 
$
3,896,092

Net income
 

 

 

 
75,098

 

 

 
927

 
76,025

Other comprehensive income/(loss)
 

 

 

 

 
10,345

 

 
(4,018
)
 
6,327

Value of stock issued for stock-based compensation - 115,897 shares Class A Common Stock
 
1

 

 
1,049

 

 

 

 

 
1,050

Compensation cost related to stock-based compensation
 

 

 
4,056

 

 

 

 

 
4,056

Value of treasury stock repurchased - 832,232 shares
 

 

 

 

 

 
(60,175
)
 

 
(60,175
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings related to the United States Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
 

 

 

 
2,970

 
(2,970
)
 

 

 

Other
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
1

 
1

BALANCE, March 31, 2018
 
$
749

 
$
7

 
$
1,762,437

 
$
2,312,932

 
$
(98,159
)
 
$
(297,126
)
 
$
242,536

 
$
3,923,376

Net income
 

 

 

 
44,168

 

 

 
4,443

 
48,611

Other comprehensive loss
 

 

 

 

 
(37,511
)
 

 
(8,668
)
 
(46,179
)
Conversion of 30,000 shares Class B Common Stock to Class A Common Stock
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Value of stock issued for stock-based compensation - 42,102 shares Class A Common Stock
 
1

 

 
1,856

 

 

 

 

 
1,857

Compensation cost related to stock-based compensation
 

 

 
4,515

 

 

 

 

 
4,515

Value of treasury stock repurchased - 1,873,170 shares
 

 

 

 

 

 
(134,952
)
 

 
(134,952
)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(14,898
)
 
(14,898
)
Other
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
48

 
48

BALANCE, June 30, 2018
 
$
750

 
$
7

 
$
1,768,808

 
$
2,357,100

 
$
(135,670
)
 
$
(432,078
)
 
$
223,461

 
$
3,782,378

Net income
 

 

 

 
69,590

 

 

 
2,720

 
72,310

Other comprehensive income/(loss)
 

 

 

 

 
594

 

 
(4,899
)
 
(4,305
)
Conversion of 130,000 shares Class B Common Stock to Class A Common Stock
 
2

 
(2
)
 

 

 

 

 

 

Value of stock issued for stock-based compensation - 72,925 shares Class A Common Stock
 

 

 
5,902

 

 

 

 

 
5,902

Compensation cost related to stock-based compensation
 

 

 
4,458

 

 

 

 

 
4,458

Value of treasury stock acquisitions from equity awards - 893,705 shares
 

 

 

 

 

 
(78,167
)
 

 
(78,167
)
Other
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(6
)
 
(6
)
BALANCE, September 30, 2018
 
$
752

 
$
5

 
$
1,779,168

 
$
2,426,690

 
$
(135,076
)
 
$
(510,245
)
 
$
221,276

 
$
3,782,570

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


8


GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands)
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Net income
$
159,950

 
$
196,946

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
188,169

 
197,127

Stock-based compensation
12,371

 
13,029

Deferred income taxes
34,468

 
7,978

Gain on insurance recoveries
(2,500
)
 

Net gain on sale and impairment of assets
(1,151
)
 
(2,501
)
Changes in assets and liabilities which provided/(used) cash:
 
 
 
Accounts receivable, net
2,594

 
(50,143
)
Materials and supplies
(3,550
)
 
3,133

Prepaid expenses and other
(4,519
)
 
(11,663
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
(7,065
)
 
33,818

Other assets and liabilities, net
5,434

 
9,750

Net cash provided by operating activities
384,201

 
397,474

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment
(227,266
)
 
(194,132
)
Grant proceeds from outside parties
22,987

 
16,696

Proceeds from settlement of derivative transactions
45,360

 

Proceeds from sale of business

 
7,927

Insurance proceeds for replacement of assets
4,297

 
2,780

Proceeds from disposition of property and equipment
5,200

 
3,710

Contributions to joint ventures
(2,965
)
 
(2,921
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(152,387
)
 
(165,940
)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Principal payments on revolving line-of-credit, long-term debt and finance lease obligations
(426,276
)
 
(799,726
)
Proceeds from revolving line-of-credit and long-term debt
195,335

 
854,679

Debt amendment/issuance costs

 
(5,318
)
Purchase of additional shares in Freightliner Australia
(4,696
)
 

Common share repurchases
(4,796
)
 
(270,488
)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest

 
(14,898
)
Installment payments on Freightliner deferred consideration
(2,522
)
 
(6,255
)
Other financing related activities, net
6,534

 
5,006

Net cash used in financing activities
(236,421
)
 
(237,000
)
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
1,132

 
(939
)
DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
(3,475
)
 
(6,405
)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period
90,387

 
80,472

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period
$
86,912

 
$
74,067

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

9

Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)



1. PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION:
The interim consolidated financial statements presented herein include the accounts of Genesee & Wyoming Inc. and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. These interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and are unaudited. They do not contain all disclosures which would be required in a full set of financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP). In the opinion of management, the unaudited financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 are presented on a basis consistent with the audited financial statements and contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to provide a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results of operations for the full year. The consolidated balance sheet data for 2018 was derived from the audited financial statements in the Company's 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.
The results of operations of the foreign entities are maintained in the local currency of the respective subsidiary and translated into United States dollars at the applicable exchange rates for inclusion in the consolidated financial statements. As a result, any appreciation or depreciation of these currencies against the United States dollar will impact the Company's results of operations.
The interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2018 included in the Company's 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
During the process of preparing the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company determined that there was an error in and revised its statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, which resulted in the following offsetting adjustments: an increase of $33.0 million in principal payments on revolving line-of-credit, long-term debt and capital lease obligations, representing cash outflows from financing activities, and an increase of $33.0 million in proceeds from revolving line-of-credit and long-term debt, representing cash inflows from financing activities. There was no effect on any other section of the Company's statement of cash flows, and this revision had no impact on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 or the Company's consolidated statements of operations or comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The Company does not consider this revision material to any previously issued consolidated financial statements.
When comparing the Company's results of operations from one reporting period to another, it is important to consider that the Company has historically experienced fluctuations in revenues and expenses due to acquisitions and divestitures, changing economic conditions, fluctuations in commodity prices, competitive forces, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, rail network issues and congestion, the ability to attract and retain skilled workers, one-time freight moves, fuel price fluctuations, customer plant expansions and shutdowns, sales of property and equipment, derailments and weather-related conditions, such as hurricanes, cyclones, tornadoes, high winds, droughts, heavy snowfall, unseasonably hot or cold weather, freezing and flooding, among other factors. In periods when these events occur, the Company's results of operations are not easily comparable from one period to another. Finally, certain of the Company's railroads have commodity shipments that are sensitive to general economic conditions, global commodity prices and foreign exchange rates, such as steel products, iron ore, paper products, lumber and forest products and agricultural products, as well as product specific market conditions, such as the availability of lower priced alternative sources of power generation (coal) and energy commodity price differentials (crude oil and natural gas liquids) or congestion at ports (intermodal). Other shipments are relatively less affected by economic conditions and are more closely affected by other factors, such as winter weather (salt) and seasonal rainfall (agricultural products). As a result of these and other factors, the Company's results of operations in any reporting period may not be directly comparable to the Company's results of operations in other reporting periods.
2. CHANGES IN OPERATIONS:
Proposed Merger
On July 1, 2019, the Company, together with Brookfield Infrastructure, GIC and Brookfield Infrastructure's institutional partners, announced an agreement pursuant to which affiliates of Brookfield Infrastructure and GIC will acquire G&W for a transaction price of $112.00 per share of common stock valued at approximately $8.4 billion including debt (the Merger). The proposed Merger was approved by the Company stockholders on October 3, 2019 by an affirmative vote of the holders of approximately 82.9% of the voting power of the outstanding shares of G&W's common stock on the record date. Subject to the satisfaction of the other closing conditions, the Merger is expected to close by year end 2019 or early 2020.

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Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


The Merger will be effected pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the Merger Agreement), by and among the Company, DJP XX, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (Parent), and MKM XXII Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (Merger Sub). Merger Sub will be merged with and into G&W with G&W surviving the Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent. The proposed Merger will result in G&W becoming a privately held company.
Completion of the proposed Merger is subject to various closing conditions, including, among others, (i) the absence of any law, injunction or other order that prohibits the consummation of the Merger, (ii) the approval or authorization of, or exemption by, the Surface Transportation Board (or approval of the use of a voting trust structure), which exemption was granted on October 29, 2019, (iii) receipt of other antitrust and regulatory approvals, including approval of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, and (iv) other customary closing conditions, including the accuracy of each party’s representations and warranties and each party’s compliance with its covenants and agreements contained in the Merger Agreement (subject in the case of this clause (iv) to certain materiality qualifiers).
Australian Operations
Divestiture of 51.1% Interest in G&W Australia Holdings LP (GWAHLP): Under the Merger Agreement (as described in more detail above), the Company agreed to use reasonable best efforts to assist and cooperate with Parent in Parent’s efforts to consummate any planned divestiture by Parent of G&W's interests in GWAHLP, the holding company for all of the Company's Australian businesses, to a third party (the GWA Divestiture), provided that (i) such cooperation would not unreasonably interfere with the Company's business or operations and (ii) the Company would not be required to take any action that would subject it to actual or potential liability, to bear any cost or expense or to pay any fee or make any other payment or agree to provide any indemnity in connection with the GWA Divestiture prior to the effective time of the Merger. Following the execution of the Merger Agreement, Parent requested that G&W cause certain of its subsidiaries to enter into a Definitive Interest Sale Agreement for the GWA Divestiture (the GWA Divestiture Agreement), and on August 4, 2019, G&W's board of directors and the governing bodies of such subsidiaries approved the GWA Divestiture Agreement and such subsidiaries entered into the GWA Divestiture Agreement.
Under the GWA Divestiture Agreement, certain entities affiliated with MIRA that currently own 48.9% of GWAHLP will acquire, directly or indirectly, the remaining interests in GWAHLP from certain subsidiaries of G&W in exchange for A$627.4 million, subject to adjustment. The GWA Divestiture is subject to customary closing conditions, including the satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries will have any liability under the GWA Divestiture Agreement prior to the consummation of the Merger. The GWA Divestiture Agreement may be terminated under certain circumstances, including by any party thereto if the transactions contemplated by the GWA Divestiture Agreement have not been consummated on or before July 1, 2020.
The consideration to be received by the subsidiaries of the Company that are parties to the GWA Divestiture Agreement will not be distributed to any of the Company’s stockholders prior to consummation of the Merger, and the sole consideration that the Company's stockholders will receive in the Merger is $112.00 in cash per share of G&W common stock on the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement.
The consummation of the GWA Divestiture is not a condition to the closing of the Merger or any of Parent’s other obligations under the Merger Agreement.
North American Operations
Canada Lease Expirations: Two of the Company's short line railroad leases in Canada (Goderich-Exeter Railway (GEXR) and Southern Ontario Railway (SORR)) expired at the end of 2018. The Company's results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 included $5.1 million and $16.1 million, respectively, of revenues and operating losses of $0.9 million and $1.3 million, respectively, from these leased railroads.
U.K./European Operations
U.K. Operations Optimization: In May 2018, the Company began a program to restructure and further optimize its operations in the U.K., which it intends to complete by 2020. The program includes the rationalization of the locomotive and railcar fleet, management restructuring (following the U.K. consultative process) and technology investments to upgrade systems to enhance productivity and service quality.

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Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


Restructuring and related costs associated with the optimization are expected to be approximately $43 million (at an exchange rate of $1.28 for one British pound) and are comprised of the following (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
 
Total Costs Incurred Through
September 30, 2019
 
Estimated Total Restructuring and Related Costs
Rationalization of locomotive and railcar fleet
$

 
$

 
$
6,301

 
$
11,000

Management restructuring(a)
1,240

 
10,381

 
15,021

 
17,000

Productivity and automation investments
1,998

 
5,136

 
9,179

 
15,000

Total
$
3,238

 
$
15,517

 
$
30,501

 
$
43,000

(a)
Subject to requisite U.K. consultative process.
Changes in restructuring and related liabilities for the U.K. Operations Optimization program for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
Rationalization of Locomotive and Railcar Fleet
 
Management Restructuring
 
Productivity and Automation Investments
 
Total
Restructuring and related liabilities as of December 31, 2018
$
4,094

 
$
982

 
$

 
$
5,076

Restructuring and related costs incurred

 
10,381

 
5,136

 
15,517

Cash payments
(1,394
)
 
(8,079
)
 
(5,136
)
 
(14,609
)
Non-cash settlements

 

 

 

Restructuring and related liabilities as of September 30, 2019
$
2,700

 
$
3,284

 
$

 
$
5,984


Continental Europe Intermodal Business: On June 5, 2018, the Company sold its Continental Europe intermodal business, ERS Railways B.V. (ERS), for gross cash proceeds of €11.2 million (or $13.1 million at the exchange rate on June 5, 2018) or €6.8 million (or $7.9 million at the exchange rate on June 5, 2018) net of €4.4 million (or $5.2 million at the exchange rate on June 5, 2018) of cash on hand that transferred to the buyer. The Company's results for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 included $24.1 million of revenues and $1.6 million of operating income from ERS.
3. EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Numerators:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income attributable to Genesee & Wyoming Inc.
$
66,792

 
$
69,590

 
$
156,939

 
$
188,856

Denominators:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average Class A common shares outstanding – Basic
56,638

 
59,168

 
56,497

 
60,343

Weighted average Class B common shares outstanding
376

 
664

 
426

 
679

Dilutive effect of employee stock-based awards
518

 
299

 
374

 
233

Weighted average shares – Diluted
57,532

 
60,131

 
57,297

 
61,255

Earnings per common share attributable to Genesee & Wyoming Inc. common stockholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings per common share
$
1.18

 
$
1.18

 
$
2.78

 
$
3.13

Diluted earnings per common share
$
1.16

 
$
1.16

 
$
2.74

 
$
3.08



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Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


The following total number of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable under the assumed exercise of stock-based awards computed based on the treasury stock method were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per common share, as the effect of including these shares would have been antidilutive (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Antidilutive shares

 
704

 
249

 
1,045



Share Repurchase
In October 2018, the Company completed its $300 million share repurchase program that had been approved in 2015, and the Company's Board of Directors authorized a new $500 million share repurchase program of Class A Common Stock, subject to certain limitations under the Company's credit facility. The table below presents information regarding shares repurchased by the Company under the share repurchase programs during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Class A Common Stock repurchased

 
894

 
65

 
3,560

Average price paid per share of Class A Common Stock repurchased
$

 
$
87.46

 
$
73.94

 
$
75.99


Repurchased shares are recorded in treasury stock, at cost, which includes any applicable commissions and fees. As of September 30, 2019, the remaining amount authorized for repurchase under the $500 million share repurchase program was $335.0 million. In light of the Company's entry into the Merger Agreement with affiliates of Brookfield Infrastructure and GIC, future share repurchases under the repurchase program have been suspended. See Note 2, Changes in Operations, for additional information regarding the Merger Agreement.
4. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE:
Accounts receivable consisted of the following as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31,
2018
Accounts receivable – trade
$
395,512

 
$
397,255

Accounts receivable – grants from outside parties
24,677

 
19,376

Accounts receivable – insurance and other third-party claims
29,386

 
19,729

Total accounts receivable
449,575

 
436,360

Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts
(12,513
)
 
(10,055
)
Accounts receivable, net
$
437,062

 
$
426,305


The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections result in trade accounts receivable, contract assets and contract liabilities. The Company’s contract assets and liabilities are typically short-term in nature, with terms settled within a 12-month period. The Company had no material contract assets or contract liabilities recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018.
Grants from Outside Parties
The Company periodically receives grants for the upgrade and construction of rail lines and the upgrade of locomotives from federal, provincial, state and local agencies in the United States and provinces in Canada in which the Company operates.
These grants typically reimburse the Company for 50% to 100% of the actual cost of specific projects. In total, the Company received grant proceeds of $23.0 million and $16.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, from such grant programs. The proceeds were presented as cash inflows from investing activities within the statement of cash flows for each of the applicable periods. The Company records additions to property and equipment for its grant-funded projects and defers the amount of the grants. The amortization of deferred grants is a non-cash offset to depreciation expense over the useful lives of the related assets.

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Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


The following table sets forth the offset to depreciation expense from the amortization of deferred grants recorded by the Company during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Amortization of deferred grants
$
3,442

 
$
3,173

 
$
10,265

 
$
8,776


Insurance and Third-Party Claims
The increase in the balance of the accounts receivable from insurance and other third-party claims for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily related to the anticipated insurance recovery associated with a personal injury that occurred in the U.K. in 2019. The receivable and the associated claim liability were recorded on the balance sheet as of September 30, 2019.
The Company completed its annual property insurance renewal during the third quarter of 2019, which became effective on August 1, 2019. Effective with this renewal, the Company's property policies have various self-insured retentions, which vary based on the type and location of the incident, up to $10.0 million. The Company recently completed its annual liability insurance renewal, which became effective on November 1, 2019. Effective with this renewal, the Company's liability policies have various self-insured retentions up to $5.0 million.
5. LEASES:
On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02, Leases (the New Standard), and all related amendments, which supersedes the previous lease guidance, using the transition method with the election not to adjust comparative periods. The New Standard requires lessees to recognize leases on their balance sheet as a right-of-use (ROU) asset with a corresponding lease liability. The adoption resulted in the recognition of ROU assets included in other assets and lease liabilities included in accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities of approximately $495 million in the Company's consolidated balance sheet, each as a result of the new requirement to recognize operating leases. No material cumulative-effect adjustment was recognized in retained earnings, and the adoption did not materially impact operating results, liquidity or the Company's debt-covenant compliance under these agreements. The Company continues to recognize its capital leases on the balance sheet but these leases are now referred to as "finance" leases, as required by the New Standard.
The Company enters into leases for railcars, locomotives and other equipment as well as real property. These leases may contain variable payments that vary with rate or index changes or include payment of a per car fee or per mile fee to use the track under variable lease contracts. The Company may receive rent holidays and other incentives provided by the lessor on lease agreements. On occasion, the Company subleases assets to other parties.
As of January 1, 2019, the Company adopted a number of practical expedients and exemptions included in the New Standard, which were intended to reduce the cost and complexity of complying with the transition requirements. The Company chose the following practical expedients and exemptions in setting its accounting policy elections for transition to:
1.
Not recognize an asset and liability for leases of all asset classes with a term of 12 months or less;
2.
Carry forward the historical lease classification and not reassess its existing contracts to determine whether the arrangements contained a lease or whether initial direct costs qualified for capitalization;
3.
Not separate lease and non-lease components; and
4.
Carry forward its current accounting treatment for land easements on existing agreements.
Lease contracts may include one or more renewal options, with renewal terms from one to fifty years or more. Leases may also include options to terminate the arrangement or options to purchase the underlying leased property. The exercise of lease options are generally at the discretion of the Company's management team. The Company determines the expected term of a lease and includes options that are reasonably certain to be exercised in the calculation of its ROU assets and lease liabilities.
The determination of whether a contract contains a lease, as well as the analysis regarding the allocation of consideration in a contract between lease and non-lease components, is performed on a case by case basis and considers the nature and interdependency of the individual assets in the arrangement. The Company generally accounts for lease assets as a single component as the assets in most agreements are highly interrelated and dependent upon each other to fulfill the arrangement.

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Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


As the implicit rate is not readily determinable in most of the Company's lease agreements, the Company uses its estimated secured incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.
The following table summarizes the Company's leased assets and lease liabilities recorded in the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):
 
Balance Sheet Location
 
September 30,
2019
Leased right-of-use assets:
 
 
 
Operating leased assets
Other assets
 
$
471,929

Finance leased assets, net
Property and equipment, net(a)
 
85,230

Total leased assets
 
 
$
557,159

Lease liabilities:
 
 
 
Current
 
 
 
Operating lease liabilities
Accrued expenses
 
$
60,624

Finance lease liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt
 
14,402

Non-current
 
 
 
Operating lease liabilities
Other long-term liabilities
 
411,153

Finance lease liabilities
Long-term debt, less current portion
 
64,309

Total lease liabilities
 
 
$
550,488

(a)
Net of $30.1 million of accumulated amortization as of September 30, 2019, which was recognized in depreciation and amortization expense within the Company's consolidated statement of operations.
The following table summarizes the components of lease expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):
 
Location of Amount Recognized in Earnings
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months
Ended
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2019
Finance leases:
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of right-of-use assets
Depreciation and amortization
 
$
2,069

 
$
5,830

Interest on lease liability
Interest expense
 
881

 
2,554

Total finance lease cost
 
 
$
2,950

 
$
8,384

Operating leases:
 
 
 
 
 
Operating lease cost
Equipment rents/Trackage rights
 
$
22,292

 
$
66,976

Short-term lease cost
Equipment rents/Trackage rights
 
2,071

 
7,064

Variable lease cost
Equipment rents/Trackage rights
 
1,964

 
6,871

Sublease income (gross basis)
Operating revenues
 
(1,291
)
 
(3,541
)
Total operating lease cost
 
 
$
25,036

 
$
77,370

Total lease cost
 
 
$
27,986

 
$
85,754



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Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


The maturities of lease liabilities under the New Standard based on the Company's reasonably certain holding period for each lease were as follows as of September 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):
 
Finance Leases
 
Operating Leases
Maturity of lease liabilities:
 
 
 
2019 (remainder)
$
3,299

 
$
23,076

2020
19,373

 
72,851

2021
10,495

 
63,445

2022
14,650

 
52,080

2023
10,551

 
43,398

Thereafter
34,778

 
553,484

Total lease payments
93,146

 
808,334

Less: Imputed interest
14,435

 
336,557

Total lease liabilities
$
78,711

 
$
471,777


The following is a summary of future minimum lease payments based on the minimum non-cancelable lease term as required under previous guidance for capital and operating leases as of December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Capital
 
Operating
2019
$
11,405

 
$
82,191

2020
17,261

 
63,062

2021
8,668

 
54,305

2022
9,625

 
44,739

2023
10,780

 
35,919

Thereafter
13,988

 
383,739

Total minimum payments
$
71,727

 
$
663,955


The following table presents supplemental cash flow and other information for the Company's leases as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2019
Cash flow information:
 
Cash paid for operating leases included in operating activities
$
69,533

Cash paid for finance leases included in operating activities
$
2,608

Cash paid for finance leases included in financing activities
$
9,694

 
 
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years):
 
Operating leases
26.8

Finance leases
8.1

 
 
Weighted average discount rate:
 
Operating leases
3.8
%
Finance leases
4.5
%
 
 
New leases:
 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities
$
36,333

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for finance lease liabilities
$
27,592



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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


6. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS:
The Company actively monitors its exposure to interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate risks and uses derivative financial instruments to manage the impact of risks associated with underlying interest rate and foreign exchange rate exposures. The Company's use of these derivative financial instruments may result in short-term gains or losses and increased earnings volatility. The instruments held by the Company are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value in prepaid expenses and other, other assets, accrued expenses or other long-term liabilities.
The Company may designate derivatives as a hedge of a forecasted transaction or a hedge of the variability of the cash flows to be received or paid in the future related to a recognized asset or liability (cash flow hedge). The portion of the changes in the fair value of the derivative used as a cash flow hedge that is offset by changes in the expected cash flows related to a recognized asset or liability is recorded in other comprehensive income/(loss) (OCI). Amounts recorded in OCI may be realized and reported in the consolidated statements of operations on the same line item as the hedged item in the event the hedged item is settled, did not or is no longer expected to occur or if the hedging relationship is no longer effective.
The Company may designate fair value hedges to mitigate foreign currency exchange rates on non-functional currency assets or liabilities. The Company uses the mark-to-market approach to remeasure the hedged item and the hedging instrument. The changes in the fair value of the hedged item is included in other income/(loss), net and are offset by changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument which are reported in the same income statement line item.
In addition, the Company may designate net investment hedges to reduce the impact of the variability of foreign currency exchange rates on its net investments in certain non-U.S. operations using cross-currency swaps. The Company measures the effectiveness of the hedge by offsetting the changes in the fair value of the cross-currency swap and the hedged asset or liability. Gains and losses on the after-tax effective portion of the net investment hedge are reported in currency translation adjustments where they remain until the investment is liquidated. The Company records the portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument that exceeds the gain or loss of the hedged item as an offset to the tax impact recognized during the period.
The Company matches the hedge instrument to the underlying hedged item (assets, liabilities, firm commitments or forecasted transactions). At inception of the hedge and at least quarterly thereafter, the Company assesses whether the derivatives used to hedge transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in either the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item. When it is determined that a derivative instrument ceases to be a highly effective hedge of the underlying transaction, the Company discontinues hedge accounting, and any gains or losses on the derivative instrument thereafter are recognized in earnings during the period in which it no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. Gains and losses on any excluded components of derivatives designated as hedges are recorded in OCI and amortized to other income/(loss), net over the life of the hedge.
From time to time, the Company may enter into certain derivative instruments that may not be designated as hedges for accounting purposes. The Company believes such instruments are closely correlated with the underlying exposure, thus reducing the associated risk. The gains or losses from the changes in the fair value of derivative instruments not accounted for using hedge accounting are recognized in current period earnings within other income/(loss), net.

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Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company's derivative instruments recorded in the consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
Balance Sheet Location
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31, 2018
Asset Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
British pound forward contracts
Prepaid expenses and other
 
$
4,535

 
$

British pound forward contracts
Other assets
 

 
26,011

Derivative designated as a net investment hedge:
 
 
 
 
 
Cross-currency swap contract
Other assets
 
8,039

 

Total derivatives designated as hedges
 
 
$
12,574

 
$
26,011

Derivatives not designated as hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
Cross-currency swap contract
Prepaid expenses and other
 
$

 
$
19,684

Total derivatives not designated as hedges
 
 
$

 
$
19,684

 
 
 
 
 
 
Liability Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap agreements
Accrued expenses
 
$
8,545

 
$
1,954

Interest rate swap agreements
Other long-term liabilities
 
86,483

 
12,441

British pound forward contracts
Other long-term liabilities
 

 
59

Derivative designated as a fair value hedge:
 
 
 
 
 
Cross-currency swap contract
Other long-term liabilities
 
4,047

 

Total derivatives designated as hedges
 
 
$
99,075

 
$
14,454


The following table shows the effective portion of net changes in the fair value of the Company's derivative instruments designated as hedges recognized in OCI, net of tax for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Total Derivatives Designated as Hedges OCI Activity, Net of Tax
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Derivatives Designated as Hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash Flow Hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap agreements
 
$
(26,746
)
 
$
4,816

 
$
(61,451
)
 
$
14,396

Foreign currency forward contracts
 

 
(13
)
 

 
275

British pound forward contracts, net (a)
 
(12
)
 
350

 
1,446

 
85

 
 
$
(26,758
)
 
$
5,153

 
$
(60,005
)
 
$
14,756

Net Investment Hedge:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cross-currency swap contract
 
$
6,821

 
$

 
$
6,048

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Hedge:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cross-currency swap contract
 
$
(704
)
 
$

 
$
(1,134
)
 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total derivatives designated as hedges
 
$
(20,641
)
 
$
5,153

 
$
(55,091
)
 
$
14,756

(a)
The three months ended September 30, 2019 represented a net loss of $1.0 million for the mark-to-market of the U.K. intercompany loan, partially offset by a net gain of $1.0 million for the mark-to-market of the British pound forward contracts. The nine months ended September 30, 2019 represented a net gain of $18.5 million for the mark-to-market of the U.K. intercompany loan, partially offset by a net loss of $17.0 million for the mark-to-market of the British pound forward contracts.
The three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 represented a net loss of $1.7 million and $5.4 million, respectively, for the mark-to-market of the U.K. intercompany loan, partially offset by a net gain of $2.0 million and $5.5 million, respectively, for the mark-to-market of the British pound forward contracts.

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Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


The following table shows the effect of the Company's derivative instruments not designated as hedges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 in the consolidated statements of operations (dollars in thousands):
 
 
 
 
Amount Recognized in Earnings
 
 
Location of Amount Recognized in Earnings
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cross-currency swap agreements, net (a)
 
Other income/(loss), net
 
$

 
$
(2,410
)
 
$
(1,770
)
 
$
(4,900
)
(a)
The nine months ended September 30, 2019 represented a net loss of $1.4 million for the mark-to-market of the GRail Intercompany Loan and a net loss of $0.3 million for the mark-to-market of the swaps. This derivative was settled in June 2019, and the Company received cash proceeds of €17.0 million (or $19.3 million at the exchange rate on June 30, 2019).
The three months ended September 30, 2018 represented a net loss of $3.0 million for the mark-to-market of the GRail Intercompany Loan, partially offset by a net gain of $0.6 million for the mark-to-market of the swaps. The nine months ended September 30, 2018 represented a net loss of $8.1 million for the mark-to-market of the GRail Intercompany Loan, partially offset by a net gain of $3.2 million for the mark-to-market of the swaps.
The following table shows the cash flow impacts from the Company's derivatives that settled during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2019
Derivatives designated as hedges:
 
British pound forward contracts
$
26,088

 
 
Derivatives not designated as hedges:
 
Cross-currency swap contract
19,272

Total cash received from settlement of derivative transactions, investing activities
$
45,360


Interest Rate Risk Management
The Company uses interest rate swap agreements to manage its exposure to the changes in interest rates on the Company's variable rate debt. Interest payments accrued each reporting period for these interest rate swaps are recognized in interest expense.
The following table summarizes the terms of the Company's outstanding interest rate swap agreements entered into to manage the Company's exposure to changes in interest rates on its variable rate debt (amounts in thousands):
Effective Date
 
Expiration Date
 
Notional Amount
 
Pay Fixed Rate
 
Receive Variable Rate
12/1/2016
 
12/1/2021
 
A$
517,500

 
2.44%
 
AUD-BBR
8/31/2018
 
8/31/2021 - 8/31/2048
 
$
500,000

 
2.70% - 2.87%
 
1-month LIBOR

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, $1.7 million and $3.2 million, respectively, of net losses associated with the Company's interest rate swaps were realized and recorded as interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, $0.5 million and $1.2 million, respectively, of net losses associated with the Company's interest rate swaps were realized and recorded as interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Based on the Company's fair value assumptions as of September 30, 2019, it expects to realize $8.9 million of net losses that are reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss (AOCL) into earnings within the next 12 months. See Note 11, Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, for additional information regarding the Company's derivatives designated as hedges.

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Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
As of September 30, 2019, the Company's foreign subsidiaries had $948.4 million of third-party debt, including finance leases, denominated in the local currencies in which the Company's foreign subsidiaries operate, including the Australian dollar, the British pound, the Canadian dollar and the Euro. The debt service obligations associated with this foreign currency debt are generally funded directly from those foreign operations. As a result, foreign currency risk related to this portion of the Company's debt service payments is limited. However, in the event the foreign currency debt service is not paid by the Company's foreign subsidiaries and is paid by its United States subsidiaries, the Company may face exchange rate risk if the Australian dollar, the British pound, the Canadian dollar or the Euro were to appreciate relative to the United States dollar and require higher United States dollar equivalent cash.
The Company is also exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk, including non-functional currency intercompany debt, typically associated with acquisitions and any timing difference between announcement and closing of an acquisition of a foreign business. To mitigate currency exposures related to non-functional currency denominated intercompany debt, foreign currency forward contracts or cross-currency swaps may be entered into for periods consistent with the underlying debt. In cases where foreign currency forward contracts or cross-currency swaps do not qualify for hedge accounting, the gains or losses from changes in the fair value are recognized in current period earnings within other income/(loss), net.
In 2015, the Company, in conjunction with the acquisition of Freightliner Group Limited (Freightliner) in the U.K., transferred cash from the United States to the U.K. through an intercompany loan with a notional amount of £120.0 million (or $181.0 million at the exchange rate on the effective date of the loan). To mitigate the foreign currency exchange rate risk related to the outstanding balance of this loan, the Company entered into British pound forward contracts, which were accounted for as cash flow hedges. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company settled certain of its British pound forward contracts, which had notional amounts totaling £120.0 million with a settlement date of March 31, 2020 and exchange rates ranging from 1.50 to 1.51 GBP to USD. Upon settlement, the Company received cash proceeds of $26.1 million.
As of September 30, 2019, the Company's outstanding British pound forward contracts had a notional amount of £32.6 million with a settlement date of March 31, 2020 and exchange rates ranging from 1.28 to 1.57 GBP to USD. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, $0.1 million and $0.8 million, respectively, of net gains were recorded as interest income in the consolidated statements of operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively, of net gains were recorded as interest income in the consolidated statements of operations. Based on the Company's fair value assumptions as of September 30, 2019, it expects to realize $0.2 million of net gains that are reported in AOCL into earnings within the next 12 months. See Note 11, Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, for additional information regarding the Company's derivatives designated as hedges.
In 2016, in conjunction with an acquisition in Australia, the Company's subsidiaries, G&W Australia Holdings LP (GWAHLP) and GWI Holding B.V. (GWBV), entered into an A$248.9 million non-recourse subordinated partner loan agreement (GRail Intercompany Loan), which is eliminated in consolidation. To mitigate the foreign currency exchange rate risk related to the non-functional currency intercompany loan, the Company entered into two Euro/Australian dollar floating-to-floating cross-currency swap agreements (the Swaps) on December 22, 2016. These agreements did not qualify as hedges for accounting purposes, and, accordingly, mark-to-market changes in the fair value of the Swaps relative to the underlying GRail Intercompany Loan were recorded over the life of the agreements, which expired on June 30, 2019. Upon settlement of the agreements, the Company received cash proceeds of €17.0 million (or $19.3 million at the exchange rate on June 30, 2019).
In June 2019, the Company entered into two new cross-currency swap agreements designated as fair value hedges of the non-functional currency GRail intercompany loan. In addition, the Company entered into a cross-currency swap in June 2019 that was designated as a net investment hedge of the GWBV investment. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized a gain of $0.1 million within other income/(loss), net in the consolidated statement of operations related to amortization of excluded components of its net investment hedge. Based on the Company's assumptions as of September 30, 2019, its net investment hedge and fair value hedge, which each terminate on June 30, 2021, are expected to realize $0.6 million of net gains and $0.9 million of net losses, respectively, that are currently reported in AOCL into earnings within the next 12 months. See Note 11, Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, for additional information regarding the Company's derivatives designated as hedges.

20

Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


7. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS:
The following table presents the Company's financial instruments carried at fair value using Level 2 inputs as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31,
2018
Financial instruments carried at fair value using Level 2 inputs:
 
 
 
Financial assets carried at fair value:
 
 
 
British pound forward contracts
$
4,535

 
$
26,011

Cross-currency swap contract - net investment hedge
8,039

 

Cross-currency swap contracts

 
19,684

Total financial assets carried at fair value
$
12,574

 
$
45,695

Financial liabilities carried at fair value:
 
 
 
Interest rate swap agreements
$
95,028

 
$
14,395

British pound forward contracts

 
59

Cross-currency swap contract - fair value hedge
4,047

 

Total financial liabilities carried at fair value
$
99,075

 
$
14,454


Financial Instruments Carried at Fair Value: Derivative instruments are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets as either assets or liabilities measured at fair value. As more fully described in Note 6, Derivative Financial Instruments, during the reporting period, the Company's derivative financial instruments consisted of interest rate swap agreements, foreign currency forward contracts and cross-currency swap agreements. The Company estimated the fair value of its derivative financial instruments based on Level 2 valuation inputs, including fixed interest rates, LIBOR, British pound LIBOR, BBR and EURIBOR implied forward interest rates and the remaining time to maturity.
The following table presents the carrying value, net of debt issuance costs and fair value using Level 2 inputs of the Company's financial instruments carried at historical cost as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
Financial liabilities carried at historical cost:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States term loan
 
$
1,261,983

 
$
1,258,527

 
$
1,295,672

 
$
1,296,079

U.K. term loan
 
289,357

 
290,883

 
315,524

 
319,556

Australian credit agreement
 
422,120

 
427,617

 
450,252

 
457,978

Australia subordinated shareholder loan from Macquarie Infrastructure and Real Assets
 
160,675

 
157,652

 
167,796

 
166,974

Revolving credit facility
 
319

 
3,687

 
160,033

 
163,662

Other debt
 
2,392

 
2,379

 
2,356

 
2,352

Total
 
$
2,136,846

 
$
2,140,745

 
$
2,391,633

 
$
2,406,601


Financial Instruments Carried at Historical Cost: Since the Company's long-term debt is not actively traded, fair value was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based on Level 2 valuation inputs, including borrowing rates the Company believes are currently available to it for loans with similar terms and maturities.
8. U.K. PENSION PLAN:
Through its Freightliner subsidiary, the Company has a defined benefit pension plan for Freightliner's eligible U.K. employees through a standalone shared cost arrangement within the Railways Pension Scheme (Pension Program). The Pension Program is managed and administered by a professional pension administration company and is overseen by trustees with professional advice from independent actuaries and other advisers. The Pension Program is a shared cost arrangement with required contributions shared between Freightliner and its participating members, with Freightliner contributing 60% and the remaining 40% contributed by active employees. The Company engages independent actuaries to compute the amounts of liabilities and expenses relating to the Pension Program subject to the assumptions that the Company selects.

21

Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


The following tables summarize the components of the Pension Program related to the net benefit costs recognized in labor and benefits and other income/(loss), net in the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Operating expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost(a)
$
3,257

 
$
3,610

 
$
10,094

 
$
11,235

Nonoperating income, net:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest cost
2,240

 
2,383

 
6,942

 
7,416

 
Expected return on plan assets
(4,158
)
 
(4,572
)
 
(12,885
)
 
(14,231
)
 
Amortization of prior year service cost
42

 

 
130

 

 
Total nonoperating income, net(b)
(1,876
)
 
(2,189
)
 
(5,813
)
 
(6,815
)
Net periodic benefit cost
$
1,381

 
$
1,421

 
$
4,281

 
$
4,420

(a) Included in labor and benefits within the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
(b) Included in other income/(loss), net within the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company contributed £4.7 million (or $6.0 million at the exchange rate when the payments were made) to fund the Pension Program. The Company expects to contribute £2.3 million (or $2.8 million at the September 30, 2019 exchange rate) to the Pension Program for the remainder of 2019. The Pension Program's assets may undergo significant changes over time as a result of market conditions, and its assets and liabilities are formally valued on an independent actuarial basis every three years to assess the adequacy of funding levels. A key element of the valuation process is an assessment of the creditworthiness of the participating employer. In the event that the Pension Program's projected assets and liabilities reveal additional funding requirements, the shared cost arrangement generally means that the Company will be required to pay 60% of any additional contributions, with active members contributing the remaining 40%, in each case over an agreed recovery period. If the Pension Program was to be terminated and wound up, any deficit would fall entirely on the Company and could not be shared with active members. Currently, the Company has no intention of terminating the Pension Program.
9. INCOME TAXES:
The Company's provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was $20.0 million, compared with $31.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The Company's provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2019 included a $4.2 million benefit from the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax position as a result of a lapse of the statute of limitations. The Company's provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2018 included a $1.6 million measurement period adjustment to increase the one-time transition (toll) tax on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA).
The Company's provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $53.1 million compared with $41.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Based on developments during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded a reserve for uncertain tax positions of $5.5 million related to tax deductions on intercompany financing arrangements in the U.K., of which $3.7 million related to the period from March 25, 2015, the date of the Freightliner acquisition when the arrangements were established, through December 31, 2017. The provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 also included an income tax benefit of $31.6 million associated with the retroactive extension of the United States Short Line Tax Credit for fiscal year 2017, which was enacted in February 2018.
The Company's effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was 22.3% and 24.9%, respectively. The Company's effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 30.0% and 17.4%, respectively. Excluding the benefit from the retroactive extension of the United States Short Line Tax Credit and the prior period portion of the reserve for uncertain tax positions, the Company's effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 29.1%. The decrease in the Company's effective income tax rate from 2018, excluding the benefit from the retroactive extension and the prior period portion of the reserve for uncertain tax positions, to 2019 was primarily due to the $4.2 million benefit from the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax position recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2019.

22

Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


The United States Short Line Tax Credit is an income tax track maintenance credit for Class II and Class III railroads to reduce their federal income tax based on qualified railroad track maintenance expenditures. Qualified expenditures include amounts incurred for maintaining track, including roadbed, bridges and related track structures owned or leased by a Class II or Class III railroad. The credit is equal to 50% of the qualified expenditures, subject to an annual limitation of $3,500 multiplied by the number of miles of railroad track owned or leased by the Class II or Class III railroad as of the end of its tax year. The United States Short Line Tax Credit was initially enacted for a three-year period, 2005 through 2007, and was subsequently extended a series of times with the last extension enacted in February 2018. The February 2018 extension provided a retroactive credit, solely for fiscal year 2017. Legislation is currently pending that seeks to make the United States Short Line Tax Credit permanent for fiscal year 2018 and beyond.
10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:
From time to time, the Company is a defendant in certain lawsuits and a party to certain arbitrations resulting from the Company's operations in the ordinary course as the nature of the Company's business exposes it to the potential for various claims and litigation, including those related to property damage, personal injury, freight loss, labor and employment, environmental and other matters. The Company maintains insurance policies to mitigate the financial risk associated with such claims. However, any material changes to pending litigation or a catastrophic rail accident or series of accidents involving material freight loss or property damage, personal injuries or environmental liability or other claims or disputes that are not covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
In November 2014, the Company received a notice from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requesting information under the Clean Water Act related to the discharge of crude oil as a result of a derailment of an Alabama & Gulf Coast Railway LLC (AGR) freight train in November 2013 in the vicinity of Aliceville, Alabama. In May 2018, the EPA notified the AGR of a maximum civil payment of up to $14.1 million, based on the amount of oil allegedly discharged and other relevant factors considered under the applicable regulation. The Company's evaluation of its defenses, settlement options and insurance coverage is ongoing. Although the cleanup associated with this derailment is substantially complete, the civil penalty associated with the contamination is subject to further discussion and potential litigation.
Following the filing of the Company’s definitive proxy statement (the Proxy Statement) associated with the Merger with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) on August 20, 2019, three lawsuits were filed in connection with the Merger, including two purported class action lawsuits that were filed on August 21, 2019 and September 4, 2019 in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, and one lawsuit filed on behalf of a purported individual shareholder on September 12, 2019 in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. These lawsuits, Gordon vs. Genesee & Wyoming Inc. et al., Case No. 1:19-cv-01558-MN, Thompson vs. Genesee & Wyoming Inc. et al., Case No. 1;19-cv-01650-MN and Geery vs. Genesee & Wyoming Inc. et al., Case No. 3:19-cv-01438-VLB (collectively, the Disclosure Actions), named the Company and individual officers and members of the Company’s board of directors as defendants. The actions alleged, among other things, that the defendants failed to disclose certain information relating to the Company’s financial projections set forth in the Proxy Statement.
On September 25, 2019, solely to eliminate the burden, expense, and uncertainty inherent in such litigation, and without admitting any liability or wrongdoing, the Company filed a Form 8-K containing certain supplemental disclosures with the SEC. In consideration for such supplemental disclosures by the Company, plaintiffs in the Disclosure Actions had agreed to voluntarily dismiss the Disclosure Actions. On October 4, 2019, pursuant to those agreements, plaintiffs filed voluntary dismissals of the Disclosure Actions.
On September 17, 2019, in New South Wales, Australia, a complaint was filed by Australia Eastern Railroad Pty Ltd ACN against the Company, GWI Holdings Pty Ltd and Genesee & Wyoming Australia Pty Ltd in connection with the Merger. The complaint seeks an award of damages in connection with a right of first refusal provision in a commercial contract involving the Company’s majority-owned Australian subsidiary. The Company disputes the allegations made in the complaint and intends to defend itself appropriately.
In addition to the EPA matter and the lawsuits set forth above, from time to time, the Company is a defendant in certain lawsuits resulting from its operations in the ordinary course. Management believes there are adequate provisions in the financial statements for any probable liabilities that may result from disposition of the pending lawsuits and the aforementioned EPA matter. Based upon currently available information, management does not believe it is reasonably possible that any such lawsuit, related lawsuit or matter would be material to the Company's results of operations or have a material adverse effect on its financial position or liquidity.

23

Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


11. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS:
The following tables set forth the components of AOCL attributable to Genesee & Wyoming Inc. included in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of comprehensive income (dollars in thousands):
 
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment
 
Defined Benefit Plans
 
Net Unrealized Gain/(Loss) on Hedges
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2018
$
(144,503
)
 
$
11,120

 
$
(13,073
)
 
$
(146,456
)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications
(24,026
)
 

 
(57,612
)
 
(81,638
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax (provision)/benefit of ($26), $74 and $593, respectively
82

(a)
(94
)
(b)
(2,002
)
(c)
(2,014
)
Current period change
(23,944
)
 
(94
)
 
(59,614
)
 
(83,652
)
Balance, September 30, 2019
$
(168,447
)
 
$
11,026

 
$
(72,687
)
 
$
(230,108
)
 
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment
 
Defined Benefit Plans
 
Net Unrealized Gain/(Loss) on Hedges
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2017
$
(74,617
)
 
$
(19,601
)
 
$
(11,316
)
 
$
(105,534
)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
(41,395
)
 

 
14,926

 
(26,469
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax (provision)/benefit of ($42) and $76, respectively

 
129

(b)
(232
)
(c)
(103
)
Current period change
(41,395
)
 
129

 
14,694

 
(26,572
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings related to the United States Tax Cuts and Jobs Act

 
(132
)
 
(2,838
)
 
(2,970
)
Balance, September 30, 2018
$
(116,012
)
 
$
(19,604
)
 
$
540

 
$
(135,076
)

(a)
Net gains realized were recorded in other income/(loss), net within the consolidated statements of operations.
(b)
Net (losses)/gains realized were recorded in labor and benefits on the consolidated statements of operations.
(c)
For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, $1.7 million and $0.3 million of net losses were recorded in interest expense and other income/(loss), net, respectively, within the consolidated statements of operations. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, net losses realized were recorded in interest expense on the consolidated statements of operations. See Note 6, Derivative Financial Instruments.
Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
The following table sets forth comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
$
2,979

 
$
2,720

 
$
3,011

 
$
8,090

Other comprehensive income/(loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
(7,690
)
 
(4,804
)
 
(8,697
)
 
(17,647
)
Net unrealized (loss)/gain on qualifying cash flow hedges, net of tax benefit/(provision) of $21, $41, $654 and ($26), respectively
(48
)
 
(95
)
 
(1,525
)
 
62

Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
$
(4,759
)
 
$
(2,179
)
 
$
(7,211
)
 
$
(9,495
)


24

Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


12. SIGNIFICANT NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
As of September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company had outstanding accounts receivable from outside parties for the funding of capital expenditures of $24.7 million and $14.6 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company also had $24.5 million and $16.1 million, respectively, of purchases of property and equipment that were not paid and, accordingly, were accrued in accounts payable in the normal course of business. See Note 5, Leases, for ROU assets obtained during the reporting period in exchange for lease liabilities.
13. SEGMENT INFORMATION:
The Company presents the financial results of its eight operating regions as three reportable segments: North American Operations, Australian Operations and U.K./European Operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company's Central Region railroads were consolidated into the Company's Midwest and Southern regions. The Company's remaining six North American regions are aggregated into one segment as a result of having similar economic and operating characteristics. Each of the Company's segments generates the following three categories of revenues from external customers: freight revenues, freight-related revenues and all other revenues.
The Company's Australian business underwent a transformational change on December 1, 2016, with the acquisition of
Glencore Rail (NSW) Pty Limited (GRail) and the formation of a partnership with Macquarie Infrastructure and Real Assets (MIRA) (the Australia Partnership), which the Company controls through its 51.1% interest. The GRail acquisition significantly expanded the Company's operations in New South Wales. In conjunction with the GRail acquisition, the Company issued a 48.9% equity stake in its Australian subsidiary, GWAHLP, to MIRA. The Company retained a 51.1% controlling interest in GWAHLP and continues to consolidate 100% of its Australian Operations in the Company's financial statements and reports a noncontrolling interest for MIRA's 48.9% equity ownership. As a result, (1) 100% of the assets and liabilities of the Company's Australian Operations, after the elimination of intercompany balances, were included in the Company's consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, with MIRA's 48.9% noncontrolling interest reflected in the equity section, (2) the Company's operating revenues and operating income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 included 100% of the Australian Operations, while net income attributable to G&W reflected the Company's 51.1% ownership position in the Australian Operations and (3) 100% of the cash flows of the Australian Operations, after the elimination of intercompany items, were included in the Company's consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. Accordingly, any payments between the Company's Australian Operations and its other businesses are eliminated in consolidation, while the Company's cash flows reflect 100% of any cash flows between the Australian Operations and MIRA.
In accordance with the Company's Australian Partnership agreement with MIRA, the cash and cash equivalents of the Company's Australian Operations can be used to make payments in the ordinary course of business, to pay down debt of the Australia Partnership and to make distributions to the partners in proportion to their investments. No such distributions were made during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Australia Partnership made an A$40.0 million distribution, of which A$20.4 million (or $15.6 million at the exchange rate on June 5, 2018) and A$19.6 million (or $14.9 million at the exchange rate on June 5, 2018) were distributed to the Company and MIRA, respectively.
The results of operations of the Company's foreign entities are maintained in the respective local currency (the Australian dollar, the British pound, the Canadian dollar and the Euro) and then translated into United States dollars at the exchange rate at the end of the period for balance sheet items and, for the statement of operations, at the average rate for the period. Currency translation adjustments are reflected within the equity section of the balance sheet and are included in OCI. Upon complete or substantially complete liquidation of the underlying investment in the foreign subsidiary, cumulative translation adjustments are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. As a result, any appreciation or depreciation of these currencies against the United States dollar will impact the Company's results of operations.
The following table reflects the balance sheet exchange rates used to translate each foreign entity's respective local currency balance sheet into United States dollars as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
 
 
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31,
2018
United States dollar per Australian dollar
 
 
 
 
$
0.67

 
$
0.70

United States dollar per British pound
 
 
 
 
$
1.23

 
$
1.28

United States dollar per Canadian dollar
 
 
 
 
$
0.76

 
$
0.73

United States dollar per Euro
 
 
 
 
$
1.09

 
$
1.15


25

Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


The following table reflects the average exchange rates used to translate each foreign entity's respective local currency results of operations into United States dollars for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
United States dollar per Australian dollar
$
0.69

 
$
0.73

 
$
0.70

 
$
0.76

United States dollar per British pound
$
1.23

 
$
1.30

 
$
1.27

 
$
1.35

United States dollar per Canadian dollar
$
0.76

 
$
0.77

 
$
0.75

 
$
0.78

United States dollar per Euro
$
1.11

 
$
1.16

 
$
1.12

 
$
1.19


The following tables set forth select financial data for the Company's reportable segments, including operating revenues by commodity group, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended
 
September 30, 2019
 
North American Operations
 
Australian Operations
 
U.K./European Operations
 
Total
Operations
Operating revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Freight revenues by commodity group:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Products
$
34,574

 
$
2,631

 
$
763

 
$
37,968

Autos & Auto Parts
6,339

 

 

 
6,339

Chemicals & Plastics
39,518

 

 

 
39,518

Coal & Coke
18,336

 
33,187

 
606

 
52,129

Food & Kindred Products
8,355

 

 

 
8,355

Intermodal
461

 
16,446

 
56,998

 
73,905

Lumber & Forest Products
22,862

 

 

 
22,862

Metallic Ores
4,225

 
7,036

 

 
11,261

Metals
28,115

 

 

 
28,115

Minerals & Stone
41,399

 
1,979

 
21,672

 
65,050

Petroleum Products
19,027

 
178

 
628

 
19,833

Pulp & Paper
30,648

 

 

 
30,648

Waste
8,278

 

 

 
8,278

Other
5,888

 

 

 
5,888

Total freight revenues
268,025

 
61,457

 
80,667

 
410,149

Freight-related revenues
68,129

 
8,011

 
65,229

 
141,369

All other revenues
16,288

 
2,132

 
13,756

 
32,176

Total operating revenues
$
352,442

 
$
71,600

 
$
159,652

 
$
583,694

Operating income/(loss)
$
95,633

 
$
19,484

 
$
(2,361
)
 
$
112,756

Depreciation and amortization
$
39,164

 
$
13,779

 
$
10,083

 
$
63,026

Interest expense, net
$
12,599

 
$
10,694

 
$
849

 
$
24,142

Provision for income taxes
$
16,876

 
$
2,641

 
$
458

 
$
19,975

Cash expenditures for additions to property & equipment, net of grants from outside parties
$
53,239

 
$
14,845

 
$
6,336

 
$
74,420



26

Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


 
Three Months Ended
 
September 30, 2018
 
North American Operations
 
Australian Operations
 
U.K./European Operations
 
Total
Operations
Operating revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Freight revenues by commodity group:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Products
$
30,565

 
$
4,150

 
$
1,053

 
$
35,768

Autos & Auto Parts
5,513

 

 

 
5,513

Chemicals & Plastics
38,436

 

 

 
38,436

Coal & Coke
23,006

 
32,357

 
2,588

 
57,951

Food & Kindred Products
8,761

 

 

 
8,761

Intermodal
514

 
17,538

 
58,609

 
76,661

Lumber & Forest Products
24,113

 

 

 
24,113

Metallic Ores
3,573

 
8,914

 

 
12,487

Metals
34,904

 

 

 
34,904

Minerals & Stone
38,570

 
2,066

 
22,344

 
62,980

Petroleum Products
18,236

 
224

 
99

 
18,559

Pulp & Paper
31,961

 

 

 
31,961

Waste
8,089

 

 

 
8,089

Other
7,191

 

 

 
7,191

Total freight revenues
273,432

 
65,249

 
84,693

 
423,374

Freight-related revenues
66,045

 
10,136

 
69,269

 
145,450

All other revenues
16,232

 
1,318

 
16,930

 
34,480

Total operating revenues
$
355,709

 
$
76,703

 
$
170,892

 
$
603,304

Operating income
$
102,484

 
$
20,713

 
$
4,623

 
$
127,820

Depreciation and amortization
$
41,388

 
$
14,937

 
$
9,067

 
$
65,392

Interest expense, net
$
10,339

 
$
12,780

 
$
2,893

 
$
26,012

Provision for income taxes
$
26,323

 
$
2,398

 
$
2,292

 
$
31,013

Cash expenditures for additions to property & equipment, net of grants from outside parties
$
42,120

 
$
8,185

 
$
6,704

 
$
57,009



27

Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2019
 
North American Operations
 
Australian Operations
 
U.K./European Operations
 
Total
Operations
Operating revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Freight revenues by commodity group:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Products
$
99,383

 
$
8,684

 
$
2,011

 
$
110,078

Autos & Auto Parts
17,905

 

 

 
17,905

Chemicals & Plastics
116,504

 

 

 
116,504

Coal & Coke
56,089

 
91,323

 
6,195

 
153,607

Food & Kindred Products
25,559

 

 

 
25,559

Intermodal
1,439

 
45,705

 
174,500

 
221,644

Lumber & Forest Products
68,238

 

 

 
68,238

Metallic Ores
9,883

 
22,177

 

 
32,060

Metals
87,032

 

 

 
87,032

Minerals & Stone
111,806

 
5,834

 
58,709

 
176,349

Petroleum Products
56,779

 
476

 
2,036

 
59,291

Pulp & Paper
88,940

 

 

 
88,940

Waste
23,104

 

 

 
23,104

Other
16,308

 

 

 
16,308

Total freight revenues
778,969

 
174,199

 
243,451

 
1,196,619

Freight-related revenues
198,740

 
23,902

 
197,385

 
420,027

All other revenues
49,026

 
5,137

 
42,454

 
96,617

Total operating revenues
$
1,026,735

 
$
203,238

 
$
483,290

 
$
1,713,263

Operating income/(loss)
$
249,209

 
$
43,642

 
$
(6,185
)
 
$
286,666

Depreciation and amortization
$
116,333

 
$
42,382

 
$
29,454

 
$
188,169

Interest expense, net
$
36,871

 
$
34,618

 
$
6,291

 
$
77,780

Provision for income taxes
$
49,103

 
$
2,711

 
$
1,287

 
$
53,101

Cash expenditures for additions to property & equipment, net of grants from outside parties
$
153,959

 
$
26,797

 
$
23,523

 
$
204,279


28

Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2018
 
North American Operations
 
Australian Operations
 
U.K./European Operations
 
Total
Operations
Operating revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Freight revenues by commodity group:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Products
$
91,630

 
$
15,639

 
$
3,073

 
$
110,342

Autos & Auto Parts
16,686

 

 

 
16,686

Chemicals & Plastics
113,625

 

 

 
113,625

Coal & Coke
62,038

 
96,506

 
8,751

 
167,295

Food & Kindred Products
25,587

 

 

 
25,587

Intermodal
1,203

 
50,613

 
192,413

 
244,229

Lumber & Forest Products
70,362

 

 

 
70,362

Metallic Ores
10,816

 
24,770

 

 
35,586

Metals
95,791

 

 

 
95,791

Minerals & Stone
107,122

 
6,247

 
63,849

 
177,218

Petroleum Products
52,870

 
560

 
107

 
53,537

Pulp & Paper
90,346

 

 

 
90,346

Waste
21,316

 

 

 
21,316

Other
19,325

 

 

 
19,325

Total freight revenues
778,717

 
194,335

 
268,193

 
1,241,245

Freight-related revenues
193,344

 
32,214

 
203,491

 
429,049

All other revenues
48,835

 
4,017

 
49,809

 
102,661

Total operating revenues
$
1,020,896

 
$
230,566

 
$
521,493

 
$
1,772,955

Operating income/(loss)
$
255,918

 
$
62,585

 
$
(645
)
 
$
317,858

Depreciation and amortization
$
123,266

 
$
46,232

 
$
27,629

 
$
197,127

Interest expense, net
$
30,572

 
$
38,914

 
$
9,620

 
$
79,106

Provision for income taxes
$
26,930

 
$
7,120

 
$
7,519

 
$
41,569

Cash expenditures for additions to property & equipment, net of grants from outside parties
$
129,607

 
$
27,936

 
$
19,893

 
$
177,436

The following tables set forth select balance sheet data for the Company's reportable segments as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands): 
 
September 30, 2019
 
North American Operations
 
Australian Operations
 
U.K./European Operations
 
Total
Operations
Cash and cash equivalents
$
37,261

 
$
31,142

 
$
18,509

 
$
86,912

Property and equipment, net
$
3,747,047

 
$
587,793

 
$
329,997

 
$
4,664,837


 
December 31, 2018
 
North American Operations
 
Australian Operations
 
U.K./European Operations
 
Total
Operations
Cash and cash equivalents
$
33,996

 
$
26,902

 
$
29,489

 
$
90,387

Property and equipment, net
$
3,679,279

 
$
609,450

 
$
324,285

 
$
4,613,014



29

Table of Contents             GENESEE & WYOMING INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)


14. RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS:
Accounting Standards Not Yet Effective
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which requires assessment of credit losses on an expected model rather than an incurred loss model. The guidance requires the consideration of all available relevant information when estimating expected credit losses, including past events, current conditions and forecasts. The amendment will become effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles–Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The amendments will become effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework–Changes to the Disclosure for Fair Value Measurement. The amendments modify the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements in FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 820 based on revisions to the FASB Concepts Statement, Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting (Concepts Statement), and cost/benefit considerations. The amendments will become effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its disclosure requirements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation–Retirement Benefits–Defined Benefit Plans–General (Subtopic 715-20): Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. The amendments modify the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension plans or other postretirement benefit plans to make disclosure requirements more consistent with the revisions to the Concepts Statement. The amendments will become effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2021. Early adoption is permitted on a retrospective basis to all periods presented. The Company is still evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its disclosure requirements.

30


ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP).
When comparing our results of operations from one reporting period to another, it is important to consider that we have historically experienced fluctuations in revenues and expenses due to acquisitions and divestitures, changing economic conditions, commodity prices, competitive forces, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, rail network issues and congestion, the ability to attract and retain skilled workers, one-time freight moves, fuel price fluctuations, customer plant expansions and shutdowns, sales of property and equipment, derailments and weather-related conditions, such as hurricanes, cyclones, tornadoes, high winds, droughts, heavy snowfall, unseasonably hot or cold weather, freezing and flooding, among other factors. In periods when these events occur, our results of operations are not easily comparable from one period to another. Finally, certain of our railroads have commodity shipments that are sensitive to general economic conditions, global commodity prices and foreign exchange rates, such as steel products, iron ore, paper products, lumber and forest products and agricultural products, as well as product specific market conditions, such as the availability of lower priced alternative sources of power generation (coal) and energy commodity price differentials (crude oil and natural gas liquids) or congestion at ports (intermodal). Other shipments are relatively less affected by economic conditions and are more closely affected by other factors, such as winter weather (salt) and seasonal rainfall (agricultural products). As a result of these and other factors, our results of operations in any reporting period may not be directly comparable to our results of operations in other reporting periods.
When we discuss foreign exchange impact, we are referring to the change in our results due to the change in foreign currency exchange rates. We calculate foreign exchange impact by comparing the prior period results translated from local currency to United States dollars using current period exchange rates to the prior period results in United States dollars as reported. Constant currency, which is a non-GAAP measure, reflects the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates. When we discuss results from existing operations or same railroad operations, we are referring to the change in our results, period-over-period, associated with operations that we managed in both periods (i.e., excluding the impact of acquisitions and divestitures).
Overview
We own or lease 119 freight railroads worldwide that are organized in eight operating regions with approximately 8,000 employees and 3,000 customers. The financial results of our eight operating regions are reported in the following three distinct segments:
Our North American Operations segment includes six regions (Coastal, Midwest, Northeast, Southern, Western and Canada) that serve 42 U.S. states and four Canadian provinces and include 113 short line and regional freight railroads with more than 13,000 track-miles.
Our Australian Operations segment serves New South Wales, the Northern Territory and South Australia and operates the 1,400-mile Tarcoola-to-Darwin rail line. Since December 1, 2016, the Australia Region has been 51.1% owned by us and 48.9% owned by a consortium of funds and clients managed by Macquarie Infrastructure and Real Assets (MIRA).
Our U.K./European Operations segment is led by Freightliner Group Limited (Freightliner), the United Kingdom's (U.K.) largest rail maritime intermodal operator and second-largest freight rail provider, as well as regional rail services in Continental Europe.
Our subsidiaries and joint ventures also provide rail service at more than 40 major ports, rail-ferry service between the U.S. Southeast and Mexico, transload services, contract coal loading, and industrial railcar switching and repair. As more fully described in Note 13, Segment Information, to our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in "Part I Item 1. Financial Statements" of this quarterly report, the results of operations of the foreign entities are maintained in the respective local currency and then translated into United States dollars at the applicable exchange rates for inclusion in the consolidated financial statements. As a result, any appreciation or depreciation of these currencies against the United States dollar will impact our results of operations.

31


Overview of Three-Month Results
Consolidated Results
Our operating revenues decreased $19.6 million, or 3.3%, to $583.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $603.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was $112.8 million, compared with $127.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $15.1 million, or 11.8%. Our operating ratio, defined as operating expenses divided by operating revenues, was 80.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 78.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2018.
Net income attributable to G&W for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was $66.8 million, compared with $69.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Our diluted earnings per common share (EPS) were $1.16 with 57.5 million weighted average shares outstanding for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and $1.16 with 60.1 million weighted average shares outstanding for the three months ended September 30, 2018.
Our provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was $20.0 million compared with $31.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Our effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was 22.3% and included a $4.2 million income tax benefit due to the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax position due to the expiration of the statute of limitations. Excluding the release of the reserve, our effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was 27.0%. Our effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2018 was 30.0% and included a $1.6 million measurement period adjustment to increase the one-time transition (toll) tax on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA).
Items Affecting Comparability
Our results for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 included certain items affecting comparability between the periods that are set forth below (dollars in millions, except per share amounts):
 
 
Income/(Loss) Before Taxes Impact
 
After-Tax Net Income/(Loss) Attributable to G&W Impact
 
Diluted Earnings/(Loss) Per Common Share Impact
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate development and related costs
 
$
(8.2
)
 
$
(5.9
)
 
$
(0.10
)
Restructuring and related costs
 
$
(3.6
)
 
$
(2.9
)
 
$
(0.05
)
Release of a reserve for an uncertain tax position
 
$

 
$
4.2

 
$
0.07

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate development and related costs
 
$
(0.3
)
 
$
(0.3
)
 
$

Restructuring and related costs
 
$
(3.3
)
 
$
(2.7
)
 
$
(0.04
)
Gain on settlement
 
$
0.9

 
$
0.3

 
$
0.01

TCJA measurement period adjustment
 
$

 
$
(1.6
)
 
$
(0.03
)
For the three months ended September 30, 2019, our results included corporate development and related costs of $8.2 million, primarily related to fees associated with the proposed acquisition of G&W by affiliates of Brookfield Infrastructure and GIC, restructuring and related costs of $3.6 million, primarily associated with our optimization activities in the U.K., and a $4.2 million income tax benefit from the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax position due to the expiration of the statute of limitations.
For the three months ended September 30, 2018, our results included restructuring and related costs of $3.3 million, primarily driven by our optimization activities in the U.K., and a gain on a settlement of $0.9 million from the recovery of pre-petition claims associated with an Australia customer's voluntary administration (bankruptcy) in the second quarter of 2016. As a result of the TCJA, the results for the three months ended September 30, 2018 also included a $1.6 million measurement period adjustment to the one-time transition (toll) tax on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries.

32


Results by Segment
North America
Operating revenues from our North American Operations decreased $3.3 million, or 0.9%, to $352.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $355.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Excluding $5.1 million of revenues in 2018 from two leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018, and a $0.2 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, North American existing operations revenues increased $2.0 million, or 0.6%, primarily due to an increase in freight-related revenues, partially offset by a decrease in freight revenues.
Total traffic from our North American Operations decreased 30,880 carloads, or 6.9%, to 415,339 carloads for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the three months ended September 30, 2018. Excluding traffic from the two railroad leases in Canada that expired at the end of 2018, existing operations traffic decreased 23,236 carloads, or 5.3%. The decrease in traffic from existing operations included decreases of 17,532 carloads of coal and coke traffic, 8,428 carloads of metals traffic, 3,698 carloads of pulp and paper traffic, 2,292 carloads of lumber and forest products traffic and 1,597 carloads of other commodity traffic, partially offset by increases of 6,080 carloads of agricultural products traffic, 2,553 carloads of minerals and stone traffic and 1,376 carloads of autos and auto parts traffic. All remaining traffic increased by a net 302 carloads.
Operating income from our North American Operations was $95.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $102.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2019 included corporate development and related costs of $7.8 million and restructuring and related costs of $0.3 million. Operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2018 included corporate development and related costs of $0.1 million. The operating ratio was 72.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 71.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2018.
Australia
Operating revenues from our Australian Operations decreased $5.1 million, or 6.7%, to $71.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $76.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Excluding a $4.8 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, Australian Operations operating revenues decreased $0.3 million, or 0.4%.
Total traffic from our Australian Operations decreased 3,840 carloads, or 2.5%, to 147,478 carloads for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the three months ended September 30, 2018. The traffic decrease was primarily due to decreases of 5,004 carloads of agricultural products traffic and 1,480 carloads of metallic ores traffic, partially offset by an increase of 2,401 carloads of coal and coke traffic. All remaining traffic increased by a net 243 carloads.
Operating income from our Australian Operations was $19.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $20.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The operating ratio for our Australian Operations was 72.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with an operating ratio of 73.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2018.
U.K./Europe
Operating revenues from our U.K./European Operations decreased $11.2 million, or 6.6%, to $159.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $170.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Excluding a $9.1 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, U.K./European operating revenues decreased $2.2 million, or 1.3%, primarily due to a decrease in all other revenue.
Total traffic from our U.K./European Operations decreased 5,880 carloads, or 2.4%, to 235,502 carloads for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 241,382 carloads for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease in traffic was primarily due to decreases of 8,855 carloads of intermodal traffic and 2,803 carloads of coal and coke traffic, partially offset by increases of 3,319 carloads of minerals and stone traffic and 2,675 carloads of petroleum products traffic. All remaining traffic decreased by 216 carloads.

33


Operating loss from our U.K./European Operations was $2.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with operating income of $4.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The operating loss for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2018 included $3.2 million and $3.3 million, respectively, of restructuring and related costs, primarily driven by our optimization activities in the U.K. The operating loss for the three months ended September 30, 2019 also included $1.9 million of unrealized foreign currency costs related to the revaluation of non-functional currency denominated operating lease liabilities in Poland, which are now included on the balance sheet with the adoption of the new lease standard. See Note 5, Leases, to our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in "Part I Item 1. Financial Statements" of this quarterly report for additional information regarding this standard.
The operating ratio was 101.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 97.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2018.
Overview of Nine-Month Results
Our operating revenues decreased $59.7 million, or 3.4%, to $1,713.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $1,773.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $286.7 million, compared with $317.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $31.2 million, or 9.8%. Our operating ratio was 83.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 82.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $160.0 million, compared with net income of $196.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Our diluted EPS for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $2.74 with 57.3 million weighted average shares outstanding, compared with diluted EPS of $3.08 with 61.3 million weighted average shares outstanding for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
Our provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $53.1 million compared with $41.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Our effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was 24.9% and included a $4.2 million income tax benefit due to the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax position due to the expiration of the statute of limitations. Excluding the release of the reserve, our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was 26.9%. Our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 included an income tax benefit of $31.6 million associated with the retroactive extension of the United States Short Line Tax Credit for fiscal year 2017, which was enacted in February 2018. Based on developments during 2018, we recorded a reserve for uncertain tax positions of $5.5 million related to tax deductions on intercompany financing arrangements in the U.K., of which $3.7 million related to the period from March 25, 2015, the date of the Freightliner acquisition when the arrangements were established, through December 31, 2017. The reserve for uncertain tax positions was included in our provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Excluding the benefit from the retroactive extension and the prior period portion of the reserve for uncertain tax positions, our effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 29.1%.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we generated $384.2 million in cash flows from operating activities. During the same period, we purchased $227.3 million of property and equipment, including $18.9 million for new business investments, partially offset by $23.0 million in cash received from government grants and other outside parties for capital spending. We also paid $230.9 million in cash from the net decrease in outstanding debt and received cash of $45.4 million from the settlement of derivative transactions.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we generated $397.5 million in cash flows from operating activities. During the same period, we purchased $194.1 million of property and equipment, including $33.9 million for new business investments, partially offset by $16.7 million in cash received from government grants and other outside parties for capital spending. We also repurchased 3.6 million shares of our Class A common stock for $270.5 million and received $55.0 million in cash from the net increase in outstanding debt. In addition, Genesee & Wyoming Australia (GWA) made a distribution of $14.9 million to its noncontrolling interest holders.

34


Items Affecting Comparability
Our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 included certain items affecting comparability between the periods that are set forth below (dollars in millions, except per share amounts):
 
 
Income/(Loss) Before Taxes Impact
 
After-Tax Net Income/(Loss) Attributable to G&W Impact
 
Diluted Earnings/(Loss) Per Common Share Impact
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructuring and related costs
 
$
(18.8
)
 
$
(14.3
)
 
$
(0.25
)
Corporate development and related costs
 
$
(11.1
)
 
$
(8.0
)
 
$
(0.14
)
Net loss on sale and impairment of certain assets in North America
 
$
(1.0
)
 
$
(0.8
)
 
$
(0.01
)
Australia enterprise bargaining agreement amendment
 
$
(2.6
)
 
$
(0.9
)
 
$
(0.02
)
Release of a reserve for an uncertain tax position

 
$

 
$
4.2

 
$
0.07

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate development and related costs
 
$
(0.9
)
 
$
(0.6
)
 
$
(0.01
)
Restructuring costs
 
$
(12.9
)
 
$
(10.5
)
 
$
(0.17
)
Loss on sale of ERS Railways B.V.
 
$
(1.4
)
 
$
(1.4
)
 
$
(0.02
)
Gain on settlement
 
$
7.3

 
$
2.6

 
$
0.04

Credit facility refinancing-related costs
 
$
(2.7
)
 
$
(2.0
)
 
$
(0.03
)
2017 Short Line Tax Credit
 
$

 
$
31.6

 
$
0.52

Prior period portion of tax adjustment
 
$

 
$
(3.7
)
 
$
(0.06
)
TCJA measurement period adjustment
 
$

 
$
(1.6
)
 
$
(0.03
)
Changes in Operations
Proposed Merger
On July 1, 2019, G&W, together with Brookfield Infrastructure, GIC and Brookfield Infrastructure's institutional partners, announced an agreement pursuant to which affiliates of Brookfield Infrastructure and GIC will acquire G&W for a transaction price of $112 per share of common stock valued at approximately $8.4 billion including debt (the Merger). The proposed Merger was approved by our stockholders on October 3, 2019 by an affirmative vote of the holders of approximately 82.9% of the voting power of the outstanding shares of G&W's common stock on the record date. Subject to the satisfaction of the other closing conditions, the Merger is expected to close by year end 2019 or early 2020.
The Merger will be effected pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the Merger Agreement), by and among the Company, DJP XX, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (Parent), and MKM XXII Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (Merger Sub). Merger Sub will be merged with and into G&W with G&W surviving the Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent. The proposed Merger will result in G&W becoming a privately held company.
Completion of the proposed Merger is subject to various closing conditions, including, among others, (i) the absence of any law, injunction or other order that prohibits the consummation of the Merger, (ii) the approval or authorization of, or exemption by, the Surface Transportation Board (or approval of the use of a voting trust structure), which exemption was granted on October 29, 2019, (iii) receipt of other antitrust and regulatory approvals, including approval of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, and (iv) other customary closing conditions, including the accuracy of each party’s representations and warranties and each party’s compliance with its covenants and agreements contained in the Merger Agreement (subject in the case of this clause (iv) to certain materiality qualifiers).

35


Divestiture of 51.1% Interest in G&W Australia Holdings LP (GWAHLP)
Under the Merger Agreement (as described in more detail above), we agreed to use reasonable best efforts to assist and cooperate with Parent in Parent’s efforts to consummate any planned divestiture by Parent of our interests in GWAHLP, the holding company for all of our Australian businesses, to a third party (the GWA Divestiture), provided that (i) such cooperation would not unreasonably interfere with our business or operations and (ii) we would not be required to take any action that would subject us to actual or potential liability, to bear any cost or expense or to pay any fee or make any other payment or agree to provide any indemnity in connection with the GWA Divestiture prior to the effective time of the Merger. Following the execution of the Merger Agreement, Parent requested that we cause certain of our subsidiaries to enter into a Definitive Interest Sale Agreement for the GWA Divestiture (the GWA Divestiture Agreement), and on August 4, 2019, our board of directors and the governing bodies of such subsidiaries approved the GWA Divestiture Agreement and such subsidiaries entered into the GWA Divestiture Agreement.
Under the GWA Divestiture Agreement, certain entities affiliated with MIRA that currently own 48.9% of GWAHLP will acquire, directly or indirectly, the remaining interests in GWAHLP from certain subsidiaries of G&W in exchange for A$627.4 million, subject to adjustment. The GWA Divestiture is subject to customary closing conditions, including the satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement. Neither G&W nor any of its subsidiaries will have any liability under the GWA Divestiture Agreement prior to the consummation of the Merger. The GWA Divestiture Agreement may be terminated under certain circumstances, including by any party thereto if the transactions contemplated by the GWA Divestiture Agreement have not been consummated on or before July 1, 2020.
The consideration to be received by our subsidiaries that are parties to the GWA Divestiture Agreement will not be distributed to any of our stockholders prior to consummation of the Merger, and the sole consideration that our stockholders will receive in the Merger is $112.00 in cash per share of G&W common stock on the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement.
The consummation of the GWA Divestiture is not a condition to the closing of the Merger or any of Parent's other obligations under the Merger Agreement.
North American Operations
Canada Lease Expirations: Two of our short line railroad leases in Canada (Goderich-Exeter Railway (GEXR) and Southern Ontario Railway (SORR)) expired at the end of 2018. Our results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 included $5.1 million and $16.1 million, respectively, of revenues and operating losses of $0.9 million and $1.3 million, respectively, from these leased railroads.
U.K./European Operations
U.K. Operations Optimization: In May 2018, we began a program to restructure and further optimize our operations in the U.K., which we intend to complete by 2020. The program includes the rationalization of the locomotive and railcar fleet, management restructuring (following the U.K. consultative process) and technology investments to upgrade systems to enhance productivity and service quality.
We recorded restructuring and related costs associated with the optimization of $3.2 million and $15.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Restructuring and related costs of $3.3 million and $12.9 million were recorded associated with the optimization for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. For additional information regarding the optimization of our U.K. operations, see Note 2, Changes in Operations, to our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in "Part I Item 1. Financial Statements" of this quarterly report.
Continental Europe Intermodal Business: On June 5, 2018, we sold our Continental Europe intermodal business, ERS Railways B.V. (ERS), for gross cash proceeds of €11.2 million (or $13.1 million at the exchange rate on June 5, 2018) or €6.8 million (or $7.9 million at the exchange rate on June 5, 2018) net of €4.4 million (or $5.2 million at the exchange rate on June 5, 2018) of cash on hand that transferred to the buyer. Our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 included $24.1 million of revenues and $1.6 million of operating income from ERS.

36


Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Compared with Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
Consolidated Operating Results
Operating Revenues
The following table sets forth our total operating revenues and carloads for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The table below also reflects the calculation of our existing operations by subtracting the 2018 revenues and carloads of the operations of the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018 from our total operations for the three months ended September 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Total Operations
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Existing Operations
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Total Operations*
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Existing Operations*
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Operations
 
Divested Operations
 
Existing Operations
 
Amount
 
%
 
Amount
 
%
 
 
Freight revenues
$
410,149

 
$
423,374

 
$
3,216

 
$
420,158

 
$
(13,225
)
 
(3.1
)%
 
$
(10,009
)
 
(2.4
)%
 
$
(8,720
)
 
$
(8,687
)
Freight-related revenues
141,369

 
145,450

 
1,434

 
144,016

 
(4,081
)
 
(2.8
)%
 
(2,647
)
 
(1.8
)%
 
(4,405
)
 
(4,391
)
All other revenues
32,176

 
34,480

 
415

 
34,065

 
(2,304
)
 
(6.7
)%
 
(1,889
)
 
(5.5
)%
 
(1,026
)
 
(1,022
)
Total operating revenues
$
583,694

 
$
603,304

 
$
5,065

 
$
598,239

 
$
(19,610
)
 
(3.3
)%
 
$
(14,545
)
 
(2.4
)%
 
$
(14,151
)
 
$
(14,100
)
Carloads
798,319

 
838,919

 
7,644

 
831,275

 
(40,600
)
 
(4.8
)%
 
(32,956
)
 
(4.0
)%
 
 
 
 
* Currency impact was calculated by comparing the 2018 results translated from local currency to United States dollars using 2019 exchange rates to the 2018 results in United States dollars as reported.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2019 decreased $4.5 million, or 1.0%, to $470.9 million, compared with $475.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease consisted of $5.9 million from the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018, partially offset by an increase of $1.4 million from existing operations. Excluding a $12.5 million benefit from the depreciation of foreign currencies relative to the United States dollar, operating expenses from existing operations increased $13.9 million, or 3.0%. The increase from existing operations included increases of $10.9 million in other expense, net, primarily due to corporate development and related costs associated with the proposed Merger, $4.2 million in labor and benefits expense, $2.6 million in depreciation and amortization expense and $2.1 million in casualty and insurance expense, partially offset by decreases of $3.2 million in equipment rents expense and $2.4 million in the cost of diesel fuel used in train operations.
The following table sets forth our total operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
Currency
Impact
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
Increase/(Decrease)Constant Currency*
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
 
 
Labor and benefits
$
175,500

 
30.1
 %
 
$
175,853

 
29.1
 %
 
$
(353
)
 
$
(3,879
)
 
$
171,974

 
$
3,526

Equipment rents
30,926

 
5.3
 %
 
35,325

 
6.0
 %
 
(4,399
)
 
(1,067
)
 
34,258

 
(3,332
)
Purchased services
51,055

 
8.7
 %
 
53,717

 
8.9
 %
 
(2,662
)
 
(2,132
)
 
51,585

 
(530
)
Depreciation and amortization
63,026

 
10.8
 %
 
65,392

 
10.8
 %
 
(2,366
)
 
(1,475
)
 
63,917

 
(891
)
Diesel fuel used in train operations
41,533

 
7.1
 %
 
45,713

 
7.6
 %
 
(4,180
)
 
(1,284
)
 
44,429

 
(2,896
)
Electricity used in train operations
1,794

 
0.3
 %
 
2,742

 
0.5
 %
 
(948
)
 
(142
)
 
2,600

 
(806
)
Casualties and insurance
11,658

 
2.0
 %
 
9,912

 
1.6
 %
 
1,746

 
(191
)
 
9,721

 
1,937

Materials
32,435

 
5.6
 %
 
32,744

 
5.4
 %
 
(309
)
 
(1,112
)
 
31,632

 
803

Trackage rights
21,266

 
3.6
 %
 
22,838

 
3.8
 %
 
(1,572
)
 
(658
)
 
22,180

 
(914
)
Net gain on sale and impairment of assets
(641
)
 
(0.1
)%
 
(642
)
 
(0.1
)%
 
1

 
11

 
(631
)
 
(10
)
Restructuring and related costs
3,561

 
0.6
 %
 
3,286

 
0.5
 %
 
275

 
(176
)
 
3,110

 
451

Other expenses, net
38,825

 
6.7
 %
 
28,604

 
4.7
 %
 
10,221

 
(454
)
 
28,150

 
10,675

Total operating expenses
$
470,938

 
80.7
 %
 
$
475,484

 
78.8
 %
 
$
(4,546
)
 
$
(12,559
)
 
$
462,925

 
$
8,013

* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.

37


Operating Income/Operating Ratio
Operating income was $112.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $127.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2019 included corporate development and related costs of $8.2 million, primarily related to the proposed Merger, and restructuring and related costs of $3.6 million, primarily driven by our optimization activities in the U.K. Operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2018 included restructuring and related costs of $3.3 million, primarily driven by our optimization activities in the U.K., corporate development and related costs of $0.3 million and a gain on settlement of $0.9 million from the recovery of pre-petition claims associated with an Australia customer's voluntary administration (bankruptcy) in the second quarter of 2016. Our operating ratio was 80.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 78.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2018.
Interest Expense
Interest expense was $25.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $26.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease in interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily driven by a decrease in outstanding borrowings due to normal scheduled payments and a decrease in interest rates.
Provision for Income Taxes
Our provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was $20.0 million compared with $31.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Our effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was 22.3% and included a $4.2 million income tax benefit due to the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax position due to the expiration of the statute of limitations. Excluding the release of the reserve, our effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was 27.0%. Our effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2018 was 30.0% and included a $1.6 million measurement period adjustment to increase the one-time transition (toll) tax on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries as a result of the TCJA. For additional information regarding income taxes, see Note 9, Income Taxes, to our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in "Part I Item 1. Financial Statements" of this quarterly report.
Net Income Attributable to G&W and Earnings Per Common Share
Net income attributable to G&W for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was $66.8 million, compared with $69.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Our basic EPS were $1.18 with 56.6 million weighted average shares outstanding for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with basic EPS of $1.18 with 59.2 million weighted average shares outstanding for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Our diluted EPS for the three months ended September 30, 2019 were $1.16 with 57.5 million weighted average shares outstanding, compared with diluted EPS of $1.16 with 60.1 million weighted average shares outstanding for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Our results for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 included certain items affecting comparability between the periods as previously presented in the "Overview—Overview of Three-Month Results—Items Affecting Comparability."
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
We own a 51.1% controlling interest in our Australian Operations. As such, we include 100% of the revenues and expenses from our Australian Operations within our consolidated financial statements and report a noncontrolling interest for MIRA’s 48.9% equity ownership. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was $3.0 million, compared with $2.7 million for three months ended September 30, 2018.
Operating Results by Segment
Our various rail operations are organized into eight operating regions. We present our financial information as three reportable segments: North American Operations, Australian Operations and U.K./European Operations. Our six North American regions are aggregated into one segment as a result of having similar economic and operating characteristics. Each of our segments generates the following three categories of revenues from external customers: freight revenues, freight-related revenues and all other revenues.

38


North American Operations
Operating Revenues
The following table sets forth our North American Operations total operating revenues and carloads for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The table also reflects the calculation of our existing operations by subtracting the 2018 revenues and carloads from the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018 from our total operations for the three months ended September 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Total Operations
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Existing Operations
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Total Operations*
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Existing Operations*
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Operations
 
Divested Operations
 
Existing Operations
 
Amount
 
%
 
Amount
 
%
 
 
Freight revenues
$
268,025

 
$
273,432

 
$
3,216

 
$
270,216

 
$
(5,407
)
 
(2.0
)%
 
$
(2,191
)
 
(0.8
)%
 
$
(183
)
 
$
(150
)
Freight-related revenues
68,129

 
66,045

 
1,434

 
64,611

 
2,084

 
3.2
 %
 
3,518

 
5.4
 %
 
(83
)
 
(69
)
All other revenues
16,288

 
16,232

 
415

 
15,817

 
56

 
0.3
 %
 
471

 
3.0
 %
 
(28
)
 
(24
)
Total operating revenues
$
352,442

 
$
355,709

 
$
5,065

 
$
350,644

 
$
(3,267
)
 
(0.9
)%
 
$
1,798

 
0.5
 %
 
$
(294
)
 
$
(243
)
Carloads
415,339

 
446,219

 
7,644

 
438,575

 
(30,880
)
 
(6.9
)%
 
(23,236
)
 
(5.3
)%
 
 
 
 
*
Currency impact was calculated by comparing the 2018 results translated from local currency to United States dollars using 2019 exchange rates to the 2018 results in United States dollars as reported.
Freight Revenues
The following table sets forth our North American Operations total freight revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The table below also reflects the calculation of our existing operations by subtracting the 2018 revenues and carloads from the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018 from our total operations for the three months ended September 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Existing Operations
 
Currency Impact on Existing Operations
 
2018 Constant Currency Existing Operations*
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Existing Operations Constant Currency*
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
Commodity Group
 
Total Operations
 
Divested Operations
 
Existing Operations
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Products
$
34,574

 
$
30,565

 
$
467

 
$
30,098

 
$
4,476

 
$
(8
)
 
$
30,090

 
$
4,484

Autos & Auto Parts
6,339

 
5,513

 
264

 
5,249

 
1,090

 
(6
)
 
5,243

 
1,096

Chemicals & Plastics
39,518

 
38,436

 
586

 
37,850

 
1,668

 
(23
)
 
37,827

 
1,691

Coal & Coke
18,336

 
23,006

 

 
23,006

 
(4,670
)
 
(10
)
 
22,996

 
(4,660
)
Food & Kindred Products
8,355

 
8,761

 
225

 
8,536

 
(181
)
 
(1
)
 
8,535

 
(180
)
Intermodal
461

 
514

 

 
514

 
(53
)
 

 
514

 
(53
)
Lumber & Forest Products
22,862

 
24,113

 
77

 
24,036

 
(1,174
)
 
(10
)
 
24,026

 
(1,164
)
Metallic Ores
4,225

 
3,573

 
(1
)
 
3,574

 
651

 
(10
)
 
3,564

 
661

Metals
28,115

 
34,904

 
502

 
34,402

 
(6,287
)
 
(20
)
 
34,382

 
(6,267
)
Minerals & Stone
41,399

 
38,570

 
193

 
38,377

 
3,022

 
(12
)
 
38,365

 
3,034

Petroleum Products
19,027

 
18,236

 
658

 
17,578

 
1,449

 
(11
)
 
17,567

 
1,460

Pulp & Paper
30,648

 
31,961

 
34

 
31,927

 
(1,279
)
 
(33
)
 
31,894

 
(1,246
)
Waste
8,278

 
8,089

 
63

 
8,026

 
252

 
(2
)
 
8,024

 
254

Other
5,888

 
7,191

 
148

 
7,043

 
(1,155
)
 
(4
)
 
7,039

 
(1,151
)
Total
$
268,025

 
$
273,432

 
$
3,216

 
$
270,216

 
$
(2,191
)
 
$
(150
)
 
$
270,066

 
$
(2,041
)
*     Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period existing operations translated at the current period exchange rates.

39


The following table sets forth our North American Operations freight revenues, carloads and average freight revenues per carload for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands, except average freight revenues per carload):
 
 
Freight Revenues
 
Carloads
 
Average Freight Revenues Per
Carload
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
2019
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
 
September 30,
Commodity Group
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018 Constant Currency*
Agricultural Products
$
34,574

 
12.9
%
 
$
30,552

 
11.2
%
 
56,026

 
50,989

 
$
617

 
$
599

 
$
599

Autos & Auto Parts
6,339

 
2.4
%
 
5,506

 
2.0
%
 
9,575

 
8,724

 
662

 
632

 
631

Chemicals & Plastics
39,518

 
14.7
%
 
38,407

 
14.0
%
 
43,293

 
43,903

 
913

 
875

 
875

Coal & Coke
18,336

 
6.8
%
 
22,996

 
8.4
%
 
52,782

 
70,314

 
347

 
327

 
327

Food & Kindred Products
8,355

 
3.1
%
 
8,757

 
3.2
%
 
13,971

 
15,312

 
598

 
572

 
572

Intermodal
461

 
0.2
%
 
514

 
0.2
%
 
3,983

 
4,922

 
116

 
104

 
104

Lumber & Forest Products
22,862

 
8.5
%
 
24,103

 
8.8
%
 
34,840

 
37,328

 
656

 
646

 
646

Metallic Ores
4,225

 
1.6
%
 
3,565

 
1.3
%
 
4,872

 
4,655

 
867

 
768

 
766

Metals
28,115

 
10.5
%
 
34,878

 
12.8
%
 
33,862

 
43,752

 
830

 
798

 
797

Minerals & Stone
41,399

 
15.5
%
 
38,555

 
14.1
%
 
62,357

 
60,496

 
664

 
638

 
637

Petroleum Products
19,027

 
7.1
%
 
18,219

 
6.7
%
 
26,081

 
26,231

 
730

 
695

 
695

Pulp & Paper
30,648

 
11.4
%
 
31,926

 
11.7
%
 
40,638

 
44,403

 
754

 
720

 
719

Waste
8,278

 
3.1
%
 
8,087

 
3.0
%
 
15,764

 
15,859

 
525

 
510

 
510

Other
5,888

 
2.2
%
 
7,184

 
2.6
%
 
17,295

 
19,331

 
340

 
372

 
372

Total
$
268,025

 
100.0
%
 
$
273,249

 
100.0
%
 
415,339

 
446,219

 
$
645

 
$
613

 
$
612

*     Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
Total traffic from our North American Operations decreased 30,880 carloads, or 6.9%, to 415,339 carloads for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the three months ended September 30, 2018. Excluding traffic from the railroad leases in Canada that expired at the end of 2018, existing operations traffic decreased 23,236 carloads, or 5.3%, which included decreases of 17,532 carloads of coal and coke traffic, 8,428 carloads of metals traffic, 3,698 carloads of pulp and paper traffic, 2,292 carloads of lumber and forest products traffic and 1,597 carloads of other commodity traffic, partially offset by increases of 6,080 carloads of agricultural products traffic, 2,553 carloads of minerals and stone traffic and 1,376 carloads of autos and auto parts traffic. All remaining traffic increased by a net 302 carloads.
Changes in average freight revenues per carload in a commodity group may be impacted by changes in customer rates, fuel surcharges, commodity mix and the mix of customer traffic within a commodity group. Excluding a 0.2% impact of foreign currency, average freight revenues per carload from our North American Operations increased 5.4% to $645 for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018. Average freight revenues per carload from existing operations, excluding the impact of foreign currency, increased 4.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018. The increase in average freight revenues per carload was impacted by a change in the mix of commodities, which increased average freight revenues per carload by 1.7%, while higher fuel surcharges decreased average freight revenues per carload by 0.6%. Excluding these factors, average freight revenues per carload increased 3.6%.
The following information discusses the significant changes in our North American Operations freight revenues by commodity group excluding the impact of foreign currency and freight revenues from the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018.
Agricultural products revenues increased $4.5 million, or 14.9%. Agricultural products traffic increased 6,080 carloads, or 12.2%, which increased revenues by $3.8 million, and average freight revenues per carload increased 2.5%, which increased revenues by $0.7 million. The increase in carloads was primarily due to increased grain shipments in the midwestern United States and farm products shipments in the western United States.
Autos and auto parts revenues increased $1.1 million, or 20.9%. Autos and auto parts traffic increased 1,376 carloads, or 16.8%, which increased revenues by $0.9 million, and average freight revenues per carload increased 3.6%, which increased revenues by $0.2 million. The increase in carloads was primarily due to higher export demand in the western United States.

40


Chemicals and plastics revenues increased $1.7 million, or 4.5%. Chemicals and plastics traffic increased 937 carloads, or 2.2%, which increased revenues by $0.9 million, and average freight revenues per carload increased 2.2%, which increased revenues by $0.8 million. The increase in carloads was primarily due to an increase in ethanol shipments in the midwestern United States associated with a new customer.
Coal and coke revenues decreased $4.7 million, or 20.3%. Coal and coke traffic decreased 17,532 carloads, or 24.9%, which decreased revenues by $6.1 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 6.2%, which increased revenues by $1.4 million. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to reduced demand in the midwestern, southern and northeastern United States primarily associated with unplanned outages, pending plant closures, natural gas competition and high inventories. The increase in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to a change in the mix of business.
Lumber and forest products revenues decreased $1.2 million, or 4.8%. Lumber and forest products traffic decreased 2,292 carloads, or 6.2%, which decreased revenues by $1.5 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 1.4%, which increased revenues by $0.3 million. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to less demand for lumber across North America and decreased export log shipments in the western United States.
Metals revenues decreased $6.3 million, or 18.2%. Metals traffic decreased 8,428 carloads, or 19.9%, which decreased revenues by $7.0 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 2.1%, which increased revenues by $0.7 million. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to decreased finished steel shipments in the southern and northeastern United States and decreased scrap steel shipments in the northeastern and midwestern United States.
Minerals and stone revenues increased $3.0 million, or 7.9%. Minerals and stone traffic increased 2,553 carloads, or 4.3%, which increased revenues $1.7 million, and average freight revenues per carload increased 3.4%, which increased revenues by $1.3 million. The increase in carloads was primarily due to increased aggregates shipments across North America.
Petroleum products revenues increased $1.5 million, or 8.3%. Petroleum products average freight revenues per carload increased 5.2%, which increased revenues by $0.9 million, and traffic increased 766 carloads, or 3.0%, which increased revenues by $0.6 million. The increase in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to stronger pricing and a change in the mix of business.
Pulp and paper revenues decreased $1.2 million, or 3.9%. Pulp and paper traffic decreased 3,698 carloads, or 8.3%, which decreased revenues by $2.8 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 4.8%, which increased revenues by $1.6 million. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to fewer shipments of containerboard across the United States.
Other commodity revenues decreased $1.2 million, or 16.4%. Other commodity average freight revenues per carload decreased 8.8%, which decreased revenues by $0.6 million, and traffic decreased 1,597 carloads, or 8.5%, which decreased revenues by $0.6 million. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to decreased empty car traffic in the midwestern United Sates and the decrease in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to a change in mix of the business, led by fewer shipments of wind tower components in the midwestern United States.
Freight revenues from all remaining commodities combined increased by a net $0.7 million.
Freight-Related Revenues
Freight-related revenues from our North American Operations, which includes revenues from railcar switching, track access fees, storage and other ancillary revenues related to the movement of freight, were $68.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $66.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $2.1 million, or 3.2%. Excluding $1.4 million of revenues from the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018, and a $0.1 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, freight-related revenues from our North American Operations existing operations increased $3.6 million, or 5.6%, for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $64.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in freight-related revenues from our existing operations was primarily due to increases in switching and storage revenues in the southeastern United States, demurrage revenues in the midwestern United States and revenue from volume commitment shortfall contracts in the southern United States.

41


All Other Revenues
All other revenues from our North American Operations, which includes revenues from third-party railcar and locomotive repairs, property rentals and other ancillary revenues not directly related to the movement of freight, were $16.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $16.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $0.1 million, or 0.3%. Excluding $0.4 million in revenues from the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018 and a decrease of less than $0.1 million due to foreign currency depreciation, all other revenues from our North American Operations increased $0.5 million, or 3.1%, for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $15.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses from our North American Operations increased $3.6 million, or 1.4%, to $256.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $253.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The increase included a $9.7 million increase from existing operations, partially offset by a $5.9 million decrease in expenses from the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018 and a $0.2 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation. The increase from existing operations included increases of $6.6 million in other expenses, net, primarily due to corporate development and related costs associated with the proposed Merger, $2.4 million in purchased services expense, $2.1 million in casualties and insurance expense and $1.3 million in depreciation and amortization expense, partially offset by decreases of $3.3 million in equipment rent expense and $2.0 million in the cost of diesel fuel used in train operations.
The following table sets forth operating expenses from our North American Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
Currency
Impact
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
Increase/(Decrease) Constant Currency*
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
 
 
 
Labor and benefits
$
108,161

 
30.7
 %
 
$
107,940

 
30.3
 %
 
$
221

 
$
(88
)
 
$
107,852

 
$
309

Equipment rents
12,075

 
3.4
 %
 
15,441

 
4.4
 %
 
(3,366
)
 
(11
)
 
15,430

 
(3,355
)
Purchased services
16,648

 
4.7
 %
 
14,968

 
4.2
 %
 
1,680

 
(14
)
 
14,954

 
1,694

Depreciation and amortization
39,164

 
11.1
 %
 
41,388

 
11.6
 %
 
(2,224
)
 
(63
)
 
41,325

 
(2,161
)
Diesel fuel used in train operations
20,673

 
5.9
 %
 
23,230

 
6.5
 %
 
(2,557
)
 
(25
)
 
23,205

 
(2,532
)
Casualties and insurance
8,605

 
2.4
 %
 
6,636

 
1.9
 %
 
1,969

 
(2
)
 
6,634

 
1,971

Materials
13,577

 
3.9
 %
 
12,836

 
3.6
 %
 
741

 
(11
)
 
12,825

 
752

Trackage rights
11,028

 
3.1
 %
 
10,586

 
3.0
 %
 
442

 
(1
)
 
10,585

 
443

Net gain on sale and impairment of assets
(509
)
 
(0.1
)%
 
(506
)
 
(0.1
)%
 
(3
)
 
4

 
(502
)
 
(7
)
Restructuring and related costs
323

 
0.1
 %
 
1

 
 %
 
322

 

 
1

 
322

Other expenses, net
27,064

 
7.7
 %
 
20,705

 
5.8
 %
 
6,359

 
(13
)
 
20,692

 
6,372

Total operating expenses
$
256,809

 
72.9
 %
 
$
253,225

 
71.2
 %
 
$
3,584

 
$
(224
)
 
$
253,001

 
$
3,808

* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
The following information discusses the significant changes in operating expenses of our North American Operations excluding a decrease of $0.2 million due to the impact from foreign currency depreciation.
Equipment rents expense was $12.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $15.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $3.4 million, or 21.7%. The decrease was primarily due to reduced car hire expense from existing operations as a result of more fluid car movements in 2019.
Purchased services expense was $16.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $15.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $1.7 million, or 11.3%. The increase consisted of $2.4 million from existing operations, partially offset by a decrease of $0.7 million from the expired Canadian leases. The increase in existing operations was primarily due to increases in track maintenance expense in 2019.

42


Depreciation and amortization expense was $39.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $41.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $2.2 million, or 5.2%. The decrease consisted of $3.5 million from the expired Canadian leases, partially offset by an increase of $1.3 million from existing operations. The increase from existing operations was primarily attributable to capital spending in 2018.
The cost of diesel fuel used in train operations was $20.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $23.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $2.5 million, or 10.9%. The decrease consisted of $2.0 million from existing operations and $0.5 million from the expired Canadian leases. The decrease from existing operations consisted of $2.6 million due to an 11.4% decrease in average fuel cost per gallon, partially offset by an increase of $0.6 million due to higher diesel fuel consumption.
Casualties and insurance expense was $8.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $6.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $2.0 million, or 29.7%. The increase in existing operations was primarily attributable to higher derailment expense in 2019 associated with the washouts on the Rapid City, Pierre & Eastern Railroad.
Other expenses, net were $27.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $20.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $6.4 million, or 30.8%. The increase consisted of $6.6 million from existing operations, partially offset by a decrease of $0.2 million from the expired Canadian leases. The increase from existing operations was primarily due to corporate development and related costs in 2019 associated with the proposed Merger.
Operating Income/Operating Ratio
Operating income from our North American Operations was $95.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $102.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2019 included corporate development and related costs of $7.8 million and restructuring and related costs of $0.3 million. Operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2018 included corporate development and related costs of $0.1 million. The operating ratio was 72.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 71.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2018.
Australian Operations
Operating Revenues
As previously disclosed, we own a controlling 51.1% interest in our Australian Operations, and therefore, we include 100% of our Australian Operations within our consolidated financial statements with a 48.9% noncontrolling interest recorded to reflect MIRA's ownership. The following table sets forth our Australian Operations operating revenues and carloads for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Total Operations
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Total Operations*
 
2019
 
2018
 
Amount
 
%
 
Freight revenues
$
61,457

 
$
65,249

 
$
(3,792
)
 
(5.8
)%
 
$
(4,066
)
Freight-related revenues
8,011

 
10,136

 
(2,125
)
 
(21.0
)%
 
(633
)
All other revenues
2,132

 
1,318

 
814

 
61.8
 %
 
(84
)
Total operating revenues
$
71,600

 
$
76,703

 
$
(5,103
)
 
(6.7
)%
 
$
(4,783
)
Carloads
147,478

 
151,318

 
(3,840
)
 
(2.5
)%
 
 
*
Currency impact was calculated by comparing the 2018 results translated from local currency to United States dollars using 2019 exchange rates to the 2018 results in United States dollars as reported.

43


Freight Revenues
The following table sets forth the changes in our Australian Operations freight revenues by commodity group for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Total Operations
 
Currency Impact
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Total Operations Constant Currency*
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity Group
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Products
$
2,631

 
$
4,150

 
$
(1,519
)
 
$
(259
)
 
$
3,891

 
$
(1,260
)
Coal & Coke
33,187

 
32,357

 
830

 
(2,025
)
 
30,332

 
2,855

Intermodal
16,446

 
17,538

 
(1,092
)
 
(1,088
)
 
16,450

 
(4
)
Metallic Ores
7,036

 
8,914

 
(1,878
)
 
(552
)
 
8,362

 
(1,326
)
Minerals & Stone
1,979

 
2,066

 
(87
)
 
(127
)
 
1,939

 
40

Petroleum Products
178

 
224

 
(46
)
 
(15
)
 
209

 
(31
)
Total
$
61,457

 
$
65,249

 
$
(3,792
)
 
$
(4,066
)
 
$
61,183

 
$
274

*     Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
The following table sets forth our Australian Operations freight revenues, carloads and average freight revenues per carload for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands, except average freight revenues per carload):
 
 
Freight Revenues
 
Carloads
 
Average Freight Revenues Per
Carload
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
2019
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
 
September 30,
Commodity Group
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018 Constant Currency*
Agricultural Products
$
2,631

 
4.3
%
 
$
3,891

 
6.4
%
 
1,525

 
6,529

 
$
1,725

 
$
636

 
$
596

Coal & Coke
33,187

 
54.0
%
 
30,332

 
49.6
%
 
109,210

 
106,809

 
304

 
303

 
284

Intermodal
16,446

 
26.8
%
 
16,450

 
26.9
%
 
14,564

 
14,610

 
1,129

 
1,200

 
1,126

Metallic Ores
7,036

 
11.4
%
 
8,362

 
13.7
%
 
4,984

 
6,464

 
1,412

 
1,379

 
1,294

Minerals & Stone
1,979

 
3.2
%
 
1,939

 
3.1
%
 
17,121

 
16,813

 
116

 
123

 
115

Petroleum Products
178

 
0.3
%
 
209

 
0.3
%
 
74

 
93

 
2,405

 
2,409

 
2,247

Total
$
61,457

 
100.0
%
 
$
61,183

 
100.0
%
 
147,478

 
151,318

 
$
417

 
$
431

 
$
404

*     Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
Total traffic from our Australian Operations decreased 3,840 carloads, or 2.5%, to 147,478 carloads for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the three months ended September 30, 2018, primarily due to decreases of 5,004 carloads of agricultural products traffic and 1,480 carloads of metallic ores traffic, partially offset by an increase of 2,401 carloads of coal and coke traffic. All remaining traffic increased by a net 243 carloads.
Changes in average freight revenues per carload in a commodity group may be impacted by changes in customer rates, fuel surcharges, commodity mix and the mix of customer traffic within a commodity group. Excluding a 6.4% impact of foreign currency, average freight revenues per carload from our Australian Operations increased 3.2% to $417 for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018. A change in the mix of commodities decreased average freight revenues per carload by 13.8%, and lower fuel surcharges decreased average freight revenues per carload by 0.2%. Excluding these factors, average freight revenues per carload increased 17.2% primarily due to an increase in agricultural products freight revenues per carload.
The following information discusses the significant changes in our Australian Operations freight revenues by commodity group excluding the impact of foreign currency.

44


Agricultural products revenues decreased $1.3 million, or 32.4%. Agricultural products traffic decreased 5,004 carloads, or 76.6%, which decreased revenues by $8.6 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 189.4%, which increased revenues by $7.4 million. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to a drought-related smaller grain harvest in 2019. The increase in average freight revenue per carload was primarily due to a change in mix and the conclusion of services on the Eyre Peninsula. The decrease in grain traffic resulted in higher average freight revenues per carload, primarily due to the rate structure for Australian grain traffic, which has both a fixed and variable component.
Coal and coke revenues increased $2.9 million, or 9.4%. Coal and coke average freight revenues per carload increased 7.0%, which increased revenues by $2.1 million, and traffic increased 2,401 carloads, or 2.2%, which increased revenues by $0.7 million. The increase in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to a change in the mix of business.
Metallic ores revenues decreased $1.3 million, or 15.9%. Metallic ores traffic decreased 1,480 carloads, or 22.9%, which decreased revenues by $2.1 million, primarily due to a temporary mine closure in 2019.
Freight revenues from all remaining commodities were relatively flat.
Freight-Related Revenues
Excluding a $0.6 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, freight-related revenues from our Australian Operations, which includes revenues from railcar switching, track access rights, crewing services, storage and other ancillary revenues related to the movement of freight, decreased $1.5 million, or 15.7%, to $8.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $9.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease in freight-related revenues was primarily due to switching competition and prolonged drought conditions in 2019.
All Other Revenues
Excluding a $0.1 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, all other revenues from our Australian Operations, which includes revenues from third-party railcar and locomotive repairs, property rentals and other ancillary revenues not directly related to the movement of freight, increased $0.9 million, or 72.8%, to $2.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses from our Australian Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2019 decreased $3.9 million, or 6.9%, to $52.1 million, compared with $56.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, primarily due to a $3.5 million decrease from foreign currency depreciation for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared with the three months ended September 30, 2018.
The following table sets forth operating expenses from our Australian Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
Currency Impact
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
Increase/(Decrease)
Constant Currency*
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
 
 
 
Labor and benefits
$
15,865

 
22.2
 %
 
$
17,400

 
22.7
%
 
$
(1,535
)
 
$
(1,085
)
 
$
16,315

 
$
(450
)
Equipment rents
1,047

 
1.5
 %
 
1,452

 
1.9
%
 
(405
)
 
(91
)
 
1,361

 
(314
)
Purchased services
5,444

 
7.6
 %
 
6,319

 
8.2
%
 
(875
)
 
(393
)
 
5,926

 
(482
)
Depreciation and amortization
13,779

 
19.2
 %
 
14,937

 
19.5
%
 
(1,158
)
 
(929
)
 
14,008

 
(229
)
Diesel fuel used in train operations
7,069

 
9.9
 %
 
8,074

 
10.5
%
 
(1,005
)
 
(504
)
 
7,570

 
(501
)
Casualties and insurance
2,117

 
3.0
 %
 
1,651

 
2.2
%
 
466

 
(102
)
 
1,549

 
568

Materials
2,740

 
3.8
 %
 
3,003

 
3.9
%
 
(263
)
 
(188
)
 
2,815

 
(75
)
Trackage rights
1,555

 
2.2
 %
 
1,932

 
2.5
%
 
(377
)
 
(123
)
 
1,809

 
(254
)
Net gain on sale and impairment of assets
(111
)
 
(0.2
)%
 
(20
)
 
%
 
(91
)
 
1

 
(19
)
 
(92
)
Other expenses, net
2,611

 
3.6
 %
 
1,242

 
1.6
%
 
1,369

 
(85
)
 
1,157

 
1,454

Total operating expenses
$
52,116

 
72.8
 %
 
$
55,990

 
73.0
%
 
$
(3,874
)
 
$
(3,499
)
 
$
52,491

 
$
(375
)
* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.

45


The following information discusses the significant change in operating expenses of our Australian Operations excluding a $3.5 million decrease from foreign currency depreciation.
Other expenses, net were $2.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $1.5 million. Other expense, net for the three months ended September 30, 2018 included a $0.9 million gain on settlement related to a customer's voluntary administration (bankruptcy).
Operating Income/Operating Ratio
Total operating income from our Australian Operations decreased $1.2 million, or 5.9%, to $19.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $20.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The operating ratio was 72.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 73.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Operating income from our Australian Operations was negatively impacted by $1.3 million from foreign currency depreciation.
U.K./European Operations
Operating Revenues
The following table sets forth our U.K./European Operations operating revenues and carloads for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Total Operations
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Total Operations*
 
2019
 
2018
 
Amount
 
%
 
Freight revenues
$
80,667

 
$
84,693

 
$
(4,026
)
 
(4.8
)%
 
$
(4,471
)
Freight-related revenues
65,229

 
69,269

 
(4,040
)
 
(5.8
)%
 
(3,689
)
All other revenues
13,756

 
16,930

 
(3,174
)
 
(18.7
)%
 
(914
)
Total operating revenues
$
159,652

 
$
170,892

 
$
(11,240
)
 
(6.6
)%
 
$
(9,074
)
Carloads
235,502

 
241,382

 
(5,880
)
 
(2.4
)%
 
 
* Currency impact was calculated by comparing the 2018 results translated from local currency to United States dollars using 2019 exchange rates to the 2018 results in United States dollars as reported.
Freight Revenues
The following table sets forth the changes in our U.K./European Operations freight revenues by commodity group for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Total Operations
 
Currency Impact
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Total Operations Constant Currency*
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity Group
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Products
$
763

 
$
1,053

 
$
(290
)
 
$
(55
)
 
$
998

 
$
(235
)
Coal & Coke
606

 
2,588

 
(1,982
)
 
(137
)
 
2,451

 
(1,845
)
Intermodal
56,998

 
58,609

 
(1,611
)
 
(3,177
)
 
55,432

 
1,566

Minerals & Stone
21,672

 
22,344

 
(672
)
 
(1,097
)
 
21,247

 
425

Petroleum Products
628

 
99

 
529

 
(5
)
 
94

 
534

Total
$
80,667

 
$
84,693

 
$
(4,026
)
 
$
(4,471
)
 
$
80,222

 
$
445

*     Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period existing operations translated at the current period exchange rates.

46


The following table sets forth our U.K./European Operations freight revenues, carloads and average freight revenues per carload for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands, except average freight revenues per carload):
 
 
Freight Revenues
 
Carloads
 
Average Freight Revenues Per
Carload
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
2019
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
 
September 30,
Commodity Group
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018 Constant Currency*
Agricultural Products
$
763

 
0.9
%
 
$
998

 
1.2
%
 
560

 
776

 
$
1,363

 
$
1,357

 
$
1,286

Coal & Coke
606

 
0.7
%
 
2,451

 
3.1
%
 
1,468

 
4,271

 
413

 
606

 
574

Intermodal
56,998

 
70.7
%
 
55,432

 
69.1
%
 
179,147

 
188,002

 
318

 
312

 
295

Minerals & Stone
21,672

 
26.9
%
 
21,247

 
26.5
%
 
51,430

 
48,111

 
421

 
464

 
442

Petroleum Products
628

 
0.8
%
 
94

 
0.1
%
 
2,897

 
222

 
217

 
446

 
423

Total
$
80,667

 
100.0
%
 
$
80,222

 
100.0
%
 
235,502

 
241,382

 
$
343

 
$
351

 
$
332

*
Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
Total traffic from our U.K./European Operations decreased 5,880 carloads, or 2.4%, to 235,502 carloads for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018, primarily due to decreases of 8,855 carloads of intermodal traffic and 2,803 carloads of coal and coke traffic, partially offset by increases of 3,319 carloads of minerals and stone traffic and 2,675 carloads of petroleum products traffic. All remaining traffic decreased by 216 carloads.
Changes in average freight revenues per carload in a commodity group may be impacted by changes in customer rates, fuel surcharges, commodity mix and the mix of customer traffic within a commodity group. Excluding a 5.6% impact of foreign currency, average freight revenues per carload from our U.K./European Operations increased 3.3% to $343 for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018.
The following information discusses the significant changes in our U.K./European Operations freight revenues by commodity group excluding the impact of foreign currency.
Coal and coke revenues decreased $1.8 million, or 75.3%. Coal and coke traffic decreased 2,803 carloads, or 65.6%, which decreased revenues by $1.2 million, and average freight revenues per carload decreased 28.0%, which decreased revenues by $0.7 million. The carload decrease was primarily due to the conclusion of certain customer contracts in the U.K.
Intermodal revenues increased $1.6 million, or 2.8%. Intermodal average freight revenues per carload increased 7.8%, which increased revenues by $4.4 million, while traffic decreased 8,855 carloads, or 4.7%, which decreased revenues by $2.8 million. The increase in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to stronger pricing in the U.K. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to service cancellations and lower demand.
Freight revenues from all remaining commodities combined increased by a net $0.7 million.
Freight-Related Revenues
Freight-related revenues from our U.K./European Operations includes trucking haulage services, container storage and switching services, as well as infrastructure services where we operate work trains for the track infrastructure owner. Freight-related revenues from our U.K./European Operations also include traction services (or hook and pull), which requires us to provide locomotives and drivers to move a customer's train between specified origin and destination points and other ancillary revenues related to the movement of freight.
Excluding a $3.7 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, freight-related revenues from our U.K./European Operations decreased $0.4 million, or 0.5%, to $65.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $65.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018.

47


All Other Revenues
Excluding a $0.9 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, all other revenues from our U.K./European Operations, which includes revenues from container sales and conversions, third-party car and locomotive repairs, property rentals and other ancillary revenues not directly related to the movement of freight, decreased $2.3 million, or 14.1%, to $13.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $16.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease in all other revenues was primarily due to reduced management and technical support revenues in Saudi Arabia in 2019.
Operating Expenses
Excluding an $8.8 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, total operating expenses from our U.K./European Operations increased $4.6 million, or 2.9%, to $162.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $157.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The increase included $3.7 million in labor and benefits expense, $2.8 million in other expenses, net and $1.5 million in depreciation and amortization expense, partially offset by decreases of $1.7 million in purchased services expense and $1.1 million in trackage rights expense.
The following table sets forth operating expenses from our U.K./European Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
Currency Impact
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
Increase/(Decrease)
Constant Currency*
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
 
 
 
Labor and benefits
$
51,474

 
32.3
%
 
$
50,513

 
29.6
 %
 
$
961

 
$
(2,706
)
 
$
47,807

 
$
3,667

Equipment rents
17,804

 
11.2
%
 
18,432

 
10.8
 %
 
(628
)
 
(965
)
 
17,467

 
337

Purchased services
28,963

 
18.1
%
 
32,430

 
19.0
 %
 
(3,467
)
 
(1,725
)
 
30,705

 
(1,742
)
Depreciation and amortization
10,083

 
6.3
%
 
9,067

 
5.3
 %
 
1,016

 
(483
)
 
8,584

 
1,499

Diesel fuel used in train operations
13,791

 
8.7
%
 
14,409

 
8.4
 %
 
(618
)
 
(755
)
 
13,654

 
137

Electricity used in train operations
1,794

 
1.1
%
 
2,742

 
1.6
 %
 
(948
)
 
(142
)
 
2,600

 
(806
)
Casualties and insurance
936

 
0.6
%
 
1,625

 
1.0
 %
 
(689
)
 
(87
)
 
1,538

 
(602
)
Materials
16,118

 
10.1
%
 
16,905

 
9.9
 %
 
(787
)
 
(913
)
 
15,992

 
126

Trackage rights
8,683

 
5.4
%
 
10,320

 
6.0
 %
 
(1,637
)
 
(534
)
 
9,786

 
(1,103
)
Net gain on sale and impairment of assets
(21
)
 
%
 
(116
)
 
(0.1
)%
 
95

 
6

 
(110
)
 
89

Restructuring and related costs
3,238

 
2.0
%
 
3,285

 
1.9
 %
 
(47
)
 
(176
)
 
3,109

 
129

Other expenses, net
9,150

 
5.7
%
 
6,657

 
3.9
 %
 
2,493

 
(356
)
 
6,301

 
2,849

Total operating expenses
$
162,013

 
101.5
%
 
$
166,269

 
97.3
 %
 
$
(4,256
)
 
$
(8,836
)
 
$
157,433

 
$
4,580

* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
The following information discusses the significant changes in operating expenses from our U.K./European Operations excluding a decrease of $8.8 million due to foreign currency depreciation.
Labor and benefits expense was $51.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $47.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $3.7 million, or 7.7%. The increase was primarily due to annual wage increases and an increase in headcount to support new business, partially offset by savings resulting from the U.K. Operations optimization program.
Purchased services expense was $29.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $30.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $1.7 million, or 5.7%. The decrease was primarily due to reduced subcontractor costs in 2019.
Depreciation and amortization expense was $10.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $8.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $1.5 million, or 17.5%. The increase was primarily due to capital spending in 2018.
Trackage rights expense was $8.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $9.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $1.1 million, or 11.3%. The decrease was primarily due to a refund of prior year track access costs.

48


Other expenses, net were $9.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $6.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $2.8 million, or 45.2%. The increase was primarily attributable to unrealized foreign currency costs related to the revaluation of non-functional currency denominated operating lease liabilities in Poland, which are now included on the balance sheet with the adoption of the new lease standard. See Note 5, Leases, to our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in "Part I Item 1. Financial Statements" of this quarterly report for additional information regarding this standard.
Operating Loss/Operating Ratio
Operating loss from our U.K./European Operations was $2.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with operating income of $4.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The operating loss for the three months ended September 30, 2019 included $3.2 million of restructuring and related costs primarily driven by our optimization activities in the U.K. The operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2018 included $3.3 million of restructuring and related costs. The operating ratio was 101.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 97.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2018.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Consolidated Operating Results
Operating Revenues
The following table sets forth our total operating revenues and carloads for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The table below also reflects the calculation of our existing operations by subtracting the 2018 revenues and carloads of the divested operations of ERS and the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018 from our total operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in
Total Operations
 
Increase/(Decrease) in
Existing Operations
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Total Operations*
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Existing Operations*
 
 
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
2019
 
Total Operations
 
Divested Operations
 
Existing Operations
 
Amount
 
%
 
Amount
 
%
 
 
Freight revenues
$
1,196,619

 
$
1,241,245

 
$
27,121

 
$
1,214,124

 
$
(44,626
)
 
(3.6
)%
 
$
(17,505
)
 
(1.4
)%
 
$
(32,978
)
 
$
(31,407
)
Freight-related revenues
420,027

 
429,049

 
11,759

 
417,290

 
(9,022
)
 
(2.1
)%
 
2,737

 
0.7
 %
 
(14,968
)
 
(14,339
)
All other revenues
96,617

 
102,661

 
1,373

 
101,288

 
(6,044
)
 
(5.9
)%
 
(4,671
)
 
(4.6
)%
 
(3,500
)
 
(3,454
)
Total operating revenues
$
1,713,263

 
$
1,772,955

 
$
40,253

 
$
1,732,702

 
$
(59,692
)
 
(3.4
)%
 
$
(19,439
)
 
(1.1
)%
 
$
(51,446
)
 
$
(49,200
)
Carloads
2,326,187

 
2,484,595

 
74,738

 
2,409,857

 
(158,408
)
 
(6.4
)%
 
(83,670
)
 
(3.5
)%
 
 
 
 
* Currency impact was calculated by comparing the 2018 results translated from local currency to United States dollars using 2019 exchange rates to the 2018 results in United States dollars as reported.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 decreased $28.5 million, or 2.0%, to $1,426.6 million, compared with $1,455.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease consisted of $40.0 million from the divested operations and the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018, partially offset by an increase of $11.5 million from existing operations. Excluding a $44.4 million benefit from the depreciation of foreign currencies relative to the United States dollar, operating expenses from existing operations increased $55.9 million, or 4.1%. The increase from existing operations included increases of $19.3 million in other expenses, net, $17.6 million in labor and benefits expense, $7.4 million in purchased services expense, $7.1 million in depreciation and amortization expense, $6.5 million in restructuring and related costs and $3.0 million in casualties and insurance expense, partially offset by decreases of $3.9 million in equipment rents expense and $3.2 million in the cost of diesel fuel used in train operations.

49


The following table sets forth our total operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
Currency
Impact
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
Increase/(Decrease)
Constant Currency*
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
 
 
Labor and benefits
$
539,751

 
31.5
 %
 
$
539,407

 
30.4
 %
 
$
344

 
$
(14,272
)
 
$
525,135

 
$
14,616

Equipment rents
95,169

 
5.6
 %
 
104,214

 
5.9
 %
 
(9,045
)
 
(4,011
)
 
100,203

 
(5,034
)
Purchased services
156,337

 
9.1
 %
 
178,864

 
10.1
 %
 
(22,527
)
 
(8,693
)
 
170,171

 
(13,834
)
Depreciation and amortization
188,169

 
11.0
 %
 
197,127

 
11.1
 %
 
(8,958
)
 
(5,811
)
 
191,316

 
(3,147
)
Diesel fuel used in train operations
127,674

 
7.5
 %
 
137,487

 
7.8
 %
 
(9,813
)
 
(4,628
)
 
132,859

 
(5,185
)
Electricity used in train operations
6,344

 
0.4
 %
 
7,020

 
0.4
 %
 
(676
)
 
(425
)
 
6,595

 
(251
)
Casualties and insurance
34,869

 
2.0
 %
 
32,862

 
1.8
 %
 
2,007

 
(719
)
 
32,143

 
2,726

Materials
94,949

 
5.5
 %
 
97,589

 
5.5
 %
 
(2,640
)
 
(3,701
)
 
93,888

 
1,061

Trackage rights
64,633

 
3.8
 %
 
67,119

 
3.8
 %
 
(2,486
)
 
(2,382
)
 
64,737

 
(104
)
Net gain on sale and impairment of assets
(1,151
)
 
(0.1
)%
 
(2,501
)
 
(0.1
)%
 
1,350

 
9

 
(2,492
)
 
1,341

Restructuring costs
18,756

 
1.1
 %
 
12,931

 
0.7
 %
 
5,825

 
(673
)
 
12,258

 
6,498

Other expenses, net
101,097

 
5.9
 %
 
82,978

 
4.7
 %
 
18,119

 
(1,272
)
 
81,706

 
19,391

Total operating expenses
$
1,426,597

 
83.3
 %
 
$
1,455,097

 
82.1
 %
 
$
(28,500
)
 
$
(46,578
)
 
$
1,408,519

 
$
18,078

* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
Operating Income/Operating Ratio
Operating income was $286.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $317.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 included restructuring and related costs of $18.8 million, primarily driven by our optimization activities in the U.K., $11.1 million of corporate development and related costs primarily related to the proposed Merger, $2.6 million of expense associated with amending an enterprise bargaining agreement in Australia and a $1.0 million net loss on the sale and impairment of certain assets in North America. Operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 included restructuring and related costs of $12.9 million, primarily related to the restructuring of ERS, and corporate development and related costs of $0.9 million, partially offset by a $7.3 million gain on settlement related to an Australia customer's voluntary administration (bankruptcy). Our operating ratio was 83.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 82.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
Interest Expense
Interest expense was $80.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $80.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease in interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily due to the write-off of deferred financing fees associated with our credit facility refinancing in June 2018, partially offset by changes in outstanding borrowings and fluctuations in interest rates.

50


Provision for Income Taxes
Our provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $53.1 million compared with $41.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Our effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was 24.9% and included a $4.2 million income tax benefit due to the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax position due to the expiration of the statute of limitations. Excluding the release of the reserve, our effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was 26.9%. Our effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 17.4%. Our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 included an income tax benefit of $31.6 million associated with the retroactive extension of the United States Short Line Tax Credit for fiscal year 2017, which was enacted in February 2018. Based on developments during 2018, we recorded a reserve for uncertain tax positions of $5.5 million related to tax deductions on intercompany financing arrangements in the U.K., of which $3.7 million related to the period from March 25, 2015, the date of the Freightliner acquisition when the arrangements were established, through December 31, 2017. The reserve for uncertain tax positions was included in our provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Excluding the benefit from the retroactive extension and the prior period portion of the reserve for uncertain tax positions, our effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 29.1%. For additional information regarding our provision for income taxes, see Note 9, Income Taxes, to our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in "Part I Item 1. Financial Statements" of this quarterly report.
Net Income Attributable to G&W and Earnings Per Common Share
Net income attributable to G&W for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $156.9 million, compared with $188.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Our basic EPS were $2.78 with 56.5 million weighted average shares outstanding for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with basic EPS of $3.13 with 60.3 million weighted average shares outstanding for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Our diluted EPS for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 were $2.74 with 57.3 million weighted average shares outstanding, compared with diluted EPS of $3.08 with 61.3 million weighted average shares outstanding for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 included certain items affecting comparability between the periods as previously presented in the "Overview—Overview of Nine-Month Results—Items Affecting Comparability."
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
We own a 51.1% controlling interest in our Australian Operations. As such, we include 100% of the revenues and expenses from our Australian Operations within our consolidated financial statements and report a noncontrolling interest for MIRA’s 48.9% equity ownership. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $3.0 million, compared with $8.1 million for nine months ended September 30, 2018.
North American Operations
Operating Revenues
The following table sets forth our North American Operations total operating revenues and carloads for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The table also reflects the calculation of our existing operations by subtracting the 2018 revenues and carloads from the Canadian leases that expired at the end of 2018 from our total operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in
Total Operations
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Existing Operations
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Total Operations*
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Existing Operations*
 
 
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
2019
 
Total Operations
 
Divested Operations
 
Existing Operations
 
Amount
 
%
 
Amount
 
%
 
 
Freight revenues
$
778,969

 
$
778,717

 
$
10,035

 
$
768,682

 
$
252

 
 %
 
$
10,287

 
1.3
 %
 
$
(1,716
)
 
$
(1,408
)
Freight-related revenues
198,740

 
193,344

 
4,753

 
188,591

 
5,396

 
2.8
 %
 
10,149

 
5.4
 %
 
(576
)
 
(421
)
All other revenues
49,026

 
48,835

 
1,352

 
47,483

 
191

 
0.4
 %
 
1,543

 
3.2
 %
 
(284
)
 
(240
)
Total operating revenues
$
1,026,735

 
$
1,020,896

 
$
16,140

 
$
1,004,756

 
$
5,839

 
0.6
 %
 
$
21,979

 
2.2
 %
 
$
(2,576
)
 
$
(2,069
)
Carloads
1,216,091

 
1,282,585

 
23,789

 
1,258,796

 
(66,494
)
 
(5.2
)%
 
(42,705
)
 
(3.4
)%
 
 
 
 
* Currency impact was calculated by comparing the 2018 results translated from local currency to United States dollars using 2019 exchange rates to the 2018 results in United States dollars as reported.

51


Freight Revenues
The following table sets forth our North American Operations total freight revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The table below also reflects the calculation of our existing operations by subtracting the revenues and carloads from the Canadian leases that expired at the end of 2018 from our total operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Existing Operations
 
Currency Impact on Existing Operations
 
2018 Constant Currency Existing Operations*
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Existing Operations Constant Currency*
 
 
 
2018
 
 
 
 
Commodity Group
2019
 
Total Operations
 
Divested Operations
 
Existing Operations
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Products
$
99,383

 
$
91,630

 
$
1,474

 
$
90,156

 
$
9,227

 
$
(131
)
 
$
90,025

 
$
9,358

Autos & Auto Parts
17,905

 
16,686

 
745

 
15,941

 
1,964

 
(59
)
 
15,882

 
2,023

Chemicals & Plastics
116,504

 
113,625

 
1,954

 
111,671

 
4,833

 
(229
)
 
111,442

 
5,062

Coal & Coke
56,089

 
62,038

 

 
62,038

 
(5,949
)
 
(72
)
 
61,966

 
(5,877
)
Food & Kindred Products
25,559

 
25,587

 
551

 
25,036

 
523

 
(6
)
 
25,030

 
529

Intermodal
1,439

 
1,203

 

 
1,203

 
236

 
(1
)
 
1,202

 
237

Lumber & Forest Products
68,238

 
70,362

 
264

 
70,098

 
(1,860
)
 
(98
)
 
70,000

 
(1,762
)
Metallic Ores
9,883

 
10,816

 
2

 
10,814

 
(931
)
 
(82
)
 
10,732

 
(849
)
Metals
87,032

 
95,791

 
1,485

 
94,306

 
(7,274
)
 
(167
)
 
94,139

 
(7,107
)
Minerals & Stone
111,806

 
107,122

 
720

 
106,402

 
5,404

 
(75
)
 
106,327

 
5,479

Petroleum Products
56,779

 
52,870

 
2,015

 
50,855

 
5,924

 
(112
)
 
50,743

 
6,036

Pulp & Paper
88,940

 
90,346

 
117

 
90,229

 
(1,289
)
 
(330
)
 
89,899

 
(959
)
Waste
23,104

 
21,316

 
180

 
21,136

 
1,968

 
(6
)
 
21,130

 
1,974

Other
16,308

 
19,325

 
528

 
18,797

 
(2,489
)
 
(40
)
 
18,757

 
(2,449
)
Total
$
778,969

 
$
778,717

 
$
10,035

 
$
768,682

 
$
10,287

 
$
(1,408
)
 
$
767,274

 
$
11,695

* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.

52


The following table sets forth our North American Operations freight revenues, carloads and average freight revenues per carload for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands, except average freight revenues per carload):
 
 
Freight Revenues
 
Carloads
 
Average Freight Revenues Per
Carload
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
2019
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
 
September 30,
Commodity Group
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018 Constant Currency*
Agricultural Products
$
99,383

 
12.7
%
 
$
91,452

 
11.8
%
 
166,415

 
156,515

 
$
597

 
$
585

 
$
584

Autos & Auto Parts
17,905

 
2.2
%
 
16,607

 
2.1
%
 
27,035

 
26,546

 
662

 
629

 
626

Chemicals & Plastics
116,504

 
15.0
%
 
113,335

 
14.6
%
 
128,597

 
132,530

 
906

 
857

 
855

Coal & Coke
56,089

 
7.2
%
 
61,966

 
8.0
%
 
154,992

 
191,626

 
362

 
324

 
323

Food & Kindred Products
25,559

 
3.3
%
 
25,565

 
3.3
%
 
43,035

 
45,402

 
594

 
564

 
563

Intermodal
1,439

 
0.2
%
 
1,202

 
0.1
%
 
11,776

 
11,822

 
122

 
102

 
102

Lumber & Forest Products
68,238

 
8.8
%
 
70,256

 
9.0
%
 
102,925

 
111,311

 
663

 
632

 
631

Metallic Ores
9,883

 
1.3
%
 
10,735

 
1.4
%
 
12,287

 
13,499

 
804

 
801

 
795

Metals
87,032

 
11.2
%
 
95,580

 
12.3
%
 
105,972

 
119,796

 
821

 
800

 
798

Minerals & Stone
111,806

 
14.3
%
 
107,023

 
13.8
%
 
171,867

 
170,348

 
651

 
629

 
628

Petroleum Products
56,779

 
7.3
%
 
52,695

 
6.8
%
 
76,960

 
76,231

 
738

 
694

 
691

Pulp & Paper
88,940

 
11.4
%
 
90,011

 
11.6
%
 
119,894

 
127,522

 
742

 
708

 
706

Waste
23,104

 
3.0
%
 
21,305

 
2.7
%
 
44,069

 
42,677

 
524

 
499

 
499

Other
16,308

 
2.1
%
 
19,269

 
2.5
%
 
50,267

 
56,760

 
324

 
340

 
339

Total
$
778,969

 
100.0
%
 
$
777,001

 
100.0
%
 
1,216,091

 
1,282,585

 
$
641

 
$
607

 
$
606

* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
Total traffic from our North American Operations decreased 66,494 carloads, or 5.2%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018. Excluding traffic from the Canadian leases that expired at the end of 2018, existing operations traffic decreased 42,705 carloads, or 3.4%, primarily due to decreases of 36,634 carloads of coal and coke traffic, 9,481 carloads of metals traffic, 7,696 carloads of lumber and forest products traffic, 7,393 carloads of pulp and paper traffic, 4,740 carloads of other commodity traffic and 1,202 carloads of metallic ores traffic, partially offset by increases of 13,271 carloads of agricultural products traffic, 3,931 carloads of minerals and stone traffic, 3,275 carloads of petroleum products traffic, 1,925 carloads of autos and auto parts traffic, 1,676 carloads of waste traffic and 1,108 carloads of chemicals and plastics traffic. All remaining traffic decreased by 745 carloads.
Changes in average freight revenues per carload in a commodity group may be impacted by changes in customer rates, fuel surcharges, commodity mix and the mix of customer traffic within a commodity group. Excluding a 0.2% impact of foreign currency, average freight revenues per carload from our North American Operations increased 5.8% to $641 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018. Average freight revenues per carload from existing operations, excluding the impact of foreign currency, increased 5.1% to $641 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018. The increase in average freight revenues per carload from existing operations was impacted by a change in the mix of commodities, which increased average freight revenues per carload by 1.2%, and higher fuel surcharges, which increased average freight revenues per carload by 0.4%. Excluding these factors, average freight revenues per carload increased 3.5%.
The following information discusses the significant changes in our North American Operations freight revenues by commodity group excluding the impact of foreign currency and freight revenues from the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018.

53


Agricultural products revenues increased $9.4 million, or 10.4%. Agricultural products traffic increased 13,271 carloads, or 8.7%, which increased revenues by $7.9 million, and average freight revenues per carload increased 1.5%, which increased revenues by $1.5 million. The increase in carloads was primarily due to higher farm products and soybean shipments in the western United States and increased grain and dried distillers' grains shipments in the midwestern United States, partially offset by decreased grain shipments in Canada.
Autos and auto parts revenues increased $2.0 million, or 12.7%. Autos and auto parts traffic increased 1,925 carloads, or 7.7%, which increased revenues by $1.3 million, and average freight revenues per carload increased 4.7%, which increased revenues by $0.7 million. The increase in carloads was primarily due to higher export demand in the western United States.
Chemicals and plastics revenues increased $5.1 million, or 4.5%. Chemicals and plastics average freight revenues per carload increased by 3.7%, which increased revenues by $4.1 million, and traffic increased 1,108 carloads, or 0.9%, which increased revenues by $1.0 million. The increase in average revenue per carload was primarily related to a change in the mix of business. The increase in carloads was primarily related to increased sulphuric acid shipments in the western United States, partially offset by fewer plastic shipments across the United States.
Coal and coke revenues decreased $5.9 million, or 9.5%. Coal and coke traffic decreased 36,634 carloads, or 19.1%, which decreased revenues by $13.3 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 12.1%, which increased revenues by $7.4 million. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to reduced demand in the midwestern and southern United States due to natural gas competition and high inventories. The increase in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to a change in the mix of business.
Lumber and forest products revenues decreased $1.8 million, or 2.5%. Lumber and forest products traffic decreased 7,696 carloads, or 7.0%, which decreased revenues by $5.1 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 4.7%, which increased revenues by $3.3 million. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to fewer lumber shipments in the southern and western United States, lower wood chip shipments in the southeastern United States and decreased export log shipments in the western United States. The increase in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to a change in the mix of business.
Metals revenues decreased $7.1 million, or 7.5%. Metals traffic decreased 9,481 carloads, or 8.2%, which decreased revenues by $7.8 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 0.7%, which increased revenues by $0.7 million. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to reduced finished steel shipments in the northeastern and southern United States, lower scrap steel shipments in the midwestern, northeastern and southern United States, reduced slab shipments in the midwestern United States and lower pipe shipments in the northeastern United States.
Minerals and stone revenues increased $5.5 million, or 5.2%. Minerals and stone average freight revenues per carload increased 2.8%, which increased revenues by $2.9 million, and traffic increased 3,931 carloads, or 2.3%, which increased revenues by $2.6 million. The increase in average freight revenue per carload was primarily due to stronger pricing and increased fuel surcharge revenues. The increase in carloads was primarily due to higher rock salt and sand shipments in the northeastern United States, partially offset by decreased aggregates shipments in the western United States and decreased sand shipments in the southern United States.
Petroleum products revenues increased $6.0 million, or 11.9%. Petroleum products average freight revenues per carload increased 7.1%, which increased revenues by $3.6 million, and traffic increased 3,275 carloads, or 4.4%, which increased revenues by $2.4 million. The increase in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to stronger pricing and increased fuel surcharge revenues. The increase in carloads was primarily due to increased liquid petroleum gas shipments in the western and southern United States and increased other petroleum products shipments in the northeastern United States, partially offset by decreased liquid petroleum gas and other petroleum products shipments in Canada.
Pulp and paper revenues decreased $1.0 million, or 1.1%. Pulp and paper traffic decreased 7,393 carloads, or 5.8%, which decreased revenues by $5.5 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 5.1%, which increased revenues by $4.5 million. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to fewer containerboard shipments in the southern and western United States, partially offset by increased pulp products shipments in the southern United States. The increase in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to stronger pricing and increased fuel surcharge revenues.
Waste revenues increased $2.0 million, or 9.3%. Waste average freight revenues per carload increased 5.2%, which increased revenues by $1.1 million, and traffic increased 1,676 carloads, or 4.0%, which increased revenues by $0.9 million. The increase in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to a change in the mix of business.

54


Other commodity revenues decreased $2.4 million, or 13.1%. Other traffic decreased 4,740 carloads, or 8.6%, which decreased revenues by $1.5 million, and average freight revenues per carload decreased 5.0%, which decreased revenues by $0.9 million. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to decreased empty car traffic across North America led by the southern United States. The decrease in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to decreased shipments of wind tower components in the midwestern United States.
Freight revenues from all remaining commodities combined decreased by a net $0.1 million.
Freight-Related Revenues
Freight-related revenues from our North American Operations, which includes revenues from railcar switching, track access fees, storage and other ancillary revenues related to the movement of freight, were $198.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $193.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $5.4 million, or 2.8%. Excluding a decrease of $4.8 million in revenues from the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018, and a $0.4 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, freight-related revenues from our North American Operations increased $10.6 million, or 5.6%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $188.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in freight-related revenues from our existing operations was primarily due to increases in demurrage revenues primarily in the midwestern United States, switching revenues in the southeastern United States and Canada and storage revenues in the southeastern United States.
All Other Revenues
All other revenues from our North American Operations, which includes revenues from third-party railcar and locomotive repairs, property rentals and other ancillary revenues not directly related to the movement of freight, were $49.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $48.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $0.2 million, or 0.4%. Excluding a decrease of $1.4 million in revenues from the Canadian leases that expired at the end of 2018 and a $0.2 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, all other revenues from our North American Operations increased $1.8 million, or 3.8%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $47.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in all other revenues from our existing operations was primarily due to increased other rental revenues in the western, southern and midwestern United States.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses from our North American Operations increased $12.5 million, or 1.6%, to $777.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $765.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase consisted of $31.9 million from existing operations, partially offset by a $16.9 million decrease in expenses from the leased railroads in Canada that expired at the end of 2018 and a $2.4 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation. The increase from existing operations was primarily due to increases of $7.8 million in labor and benefits expense, $7.7 million in purchased services expense, $6.7 million in other expenses, net, $3.9 million in depreciation and amortization expense, $3.5 million in casualties and insurance expense, $2.9 million in trackage rights expense, $2.5 million in materials expense and $1.5 million in restructuring and related costs, partially offset by decreases of $4.6 million in equipment rents expense and $1.9 million in the cost of diesel fuel used in operations. The nine months ended September 30, 2019 also included a $0.2 million net gain on the sale and impairment of assets compared with $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

55


The following table sets forth operating expenses from our North American Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
Currency
Impact
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
Increase/(Decrease) Constant Currency*
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
 
 
 
Labor and benefits
$
333,971

 
32.5
%
 
$
329,146

 
32.2
 %
 
$
4,825

 
$
(888
)
 
$
328,258

 
$
5,713

Equipment rents
36,609

 
3.6
%
 
41,574

 
4.1
 %
 
(4,965
)
 
(110
)
 
41,464

 
(4,855
)
Purchased services
49,764

 
4.8
%
 
43,550

 
4.3
 %
 
6,214

 
(125
)
 
43,425

 
6,339

Depreciation and amortization
116,333

 
11.3
%
 
123,266

 
12.1
 %
 
(6,933
)
 
(605
)
 
122,661

 
(6,328
)
Diesel fuel used in train operations
67,813

 
6.6
%
 
71,963

 
7.0
 %
 
(4,150
)
 
(310
)
 
71,653

 
(3,840
)
Casualties and insurance
26,434

 
2.6
%
 
23,249

 
2.3
 %
 
3,185

 
(56
)
 
23,193

 
3,241

Materials
41,293

 
4.0
%
 
39,189

 
3.8
 %
 
2,104

 
(122
)
 
39,067

 
2,226

Trackage rights
33,123

 
3.2
%
 
30,225

 
2.9
 %
 
2,898

 
(17
)
 
30,208

 
2,915

Net gain on sale and impairment of assets
(151
)
 
%
 
(2,124
)
 
(0.2
)%
 
1,973

 
7

 
(2,117
)
 
1,966

Restructuring and related costs
1,553

 
0.2
%
 
42

 
 %
 
1,511

 

 
42

 
1,511

Other expenses, net
70,784

 
6.9
%
 
64,898

 
6.4
 %
 
5,886

 
(160
)
 
64,738

 
6,046

Total operating expenses
$
777,526

 
75.7
%
 
$
764,978

 
74.9
 %
 
$
12,548

 
$
(2,386
)
 
$
762,592

 
$
14,934

* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
The following information discusses the significant changes in operating expenses of our North American Operations excluding a decrease of $2.4 million due to foreign currency depreciation.
Labor and benefits expense was $334.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $328.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $5.7 million, or 1.7%. The increase consisted of $7.8 million, or 2.4%, from existing operations, partially offset by a decrease of $2.1 million from the expired Canadian leases. The increase from existing operations was primarily due to annual wage increases and $1.6 million of expense representing the mark-to-market impact on our deferred compensation plan liabilities. This expense was offset by $1.6 million of mark-to-market earnings on investment assets associated with the deferred compensation plan recognized in other non-operating income.
Equipment rents expense was $36.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $41.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $4.9 million, or 11.7%. The decrease consisted of $4.6 million, or 11.1%, from existing operations and $0.3 million from the expired Canadian leases. The decrease from existing operations was primarily due to reduced car hire expense as a result of more fluent car movements in 2019.
Purchased services expense was $49.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $43.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $6.3 million, or 14.6%. The increase consisted of $7.7 million, or 18.3%, from existing operations, partially offset by a decrease of $1.3 million from the expired Canadian leases. The increase from existing operations was primarily due to increases in track maintenance expense in 2019.
Depreciation and amortization expense was $116.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $122.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $6.3 million, or 5.2%. The decrease consisted of $10.2 million from the expired Canadian leases, partially offset by an increase of $3.9 million, or 3.5%, from existing operations. The increase was primarily due to capital spending in 2018.
The cost of diesel fuel used in train operations was $67.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $71.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $3.8 million, or 5.4%. The decrease consisted of $2.0 million from the expired Canadian leases and $1.9 million, or 2.7%, from existing operations. The decrease in existing operations consisted of $5.0 million due to a 7.3% decrease in average fuel cost per gallon, partially offset by an increase of $3.1 million due to higher diesel fuel consumption.
Casualties and insurance expense was $26.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $23.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $3.2 million, or 14.0%, primarily due to higher derailment expense in 2019, partially offset by a gain on an insurance recovery recognized in 2019 resulting from a business interruption claim related to Hurricane Michael in the southern United States in October 2018.

56


Materials expense was $41.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $39.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $2.2 million, or 5.7%. The increase consisted of $2.5 million, or 6.4%, from existing operations, partially offset by a decrease of $0.2 million from the expired Canadian leases. The increase in existing operations was primarily due to increases in track maintenance expense in 2019.
Trackage rights expense was $33.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $30.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $2.9 million, or 9.6%. The increase was primarily attributable to increased traffic at port switching locations and increased rail traffic.
Net gain on the sale and impairment of assets was $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a change of $2.0 million. The net gain for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily attributable to a gain on the sale of land in the northeastern United States, partially offset by an impairment of assets related to the expiration of a lease of a rail line in the southeastern United States.
Restructuring costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 of $1.6 million were primarily related to the consolidation of our Central Region in 2019.
Other expenses, net were $70.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $64.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $6.0 million, or 9.3%. The increase consisted of $6.7 million, or 10.4%, from existing operations, partially offset by a decrease of $0.6 million from the expired Canadian leases. The increase was primarily due to corporate development and related costs in 2019 associated with the proposed Merger.
Operating Income/Operating Ratio
Operating income from our North American Operations was $249.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $255.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 included corporate development and related costs of $10.5 million and $0.7 million, respectively. The operating ratio was 75.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 74.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
Australian Operations
Operating Revenues
As previously disclosed, we own a controlling 51.1% interest in our Australian Operations, and therefore, we include 100% of our Australian Operations within our consolidated financial statements with a 48.9% noncontrolling interest recorded to reflect MIRA's ownership. The following table sets forth our Australian Operations operating revenues and carloads for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Total Operations
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Total Operations*
 
2019
 
2018
 
Amount
 
%
 
Freight revenues
$
174,199

 
$
194,335

 
$
(20,136
)
 
(10.4
)%
 
$
(14,929
)
Freight-related revenues
23,902

 
32,214

 
(8,312
)
 
(25.8
)%
 
(2,485
)
All other revenues
5,137

 
4,017

 
1,120

 
27.9
 %
 
(310
)
Total operating revenues
$
203,238

 
$
230,566

 
$
(27,328
)
 
(11.9
)%
 
$
(17,724
)
Carloads
419,251

 
442,798

 
(23,547
)
 
(5.3
)%
 
 
* Currency impact was calculated by comparing the 2018 results translated from local currency to United States dollars using 2019 exchange rates to the 2018 results in United States dollars as reported.

57


Freight Revenues
The following table sets forth the changes in our Australian Operations freight revenues by commodity group for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): 
 
 
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Total Operations
 
Currency Impact
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
Increase/(Decrease) Total Operations Constant Currency*
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
 
Commodity Group
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Products
$
8,684

 
$
15,639

 
$
(6,955
)
 
$
(1,222
)
 
$
14,417

 
$
(5,733
)
Coal and Coke
91,323

 
96,506

 
(5,183
)
 
(7,431
)
 
89,075

 
2,248

Intermodal
45,705

 
50,613

 
(4,908
)
 
(3,868
)
 
46,745

 
(1,040
)
Metallic Ores
22,177

 
24,770

 
(2,593
)
 
(1,885
)
 
22,885

 
(708
)
Minerals & Stone
5,834

 
6,247

 
(413
)
 
(481
)
 
5,766

 
68

Petroleum Products
476

 
560

 
(84
)
 
(42
)
 
518

 
(42
)
Total
$
174,199

 
$
194,335

 
$
(20,136
)
 
$
(14,929
)
 
179,406

 
$
(5,207
)
* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
The following table sets forth our Australian Operations freight revenues, carloads and average freight revenues per carload for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands, except average freight revenues per carload):
 
 
Freight Revenues
 
Carloads
 
Average Freight Revenues Per
Carload
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
2019
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
 
September 30,
Commodity Group
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018 Constant Currency*
Agricultural Products
$
8,684

 
5.0
%
 
$
14,417

 
8.0
%
 
10,009

 
33,816

 
$
868

 
$
462

 
$
426

Coal & Coke
91,323

 
52.4
%
 
89,075

 
49.6
%
 
305,461

 
300,947

 
299

 
321

 
296

Intermodal
45,705

 
26.2
%
 
46,745

 
26.1
%
 
39,559

 
41,321

 
1,155

 
1,225

 
1,131

Metallic Ores
22,177

 
12.7
%
 
22,885

 
12.8
%
 
15,613

 
16,921

 
1,420

 
1,464

 
1,352

Minerals & Stone
5,834

 
3.4
%
 
5,766

 
3.2
%
 
48,411

 
49,567

 
121

 
126

 
116

Petroleum Products
476

 
0.3
%
 
518

 
0.3
%
 
198

 
226

 
2,404

 
2,478

 
2,292

Total
$
174,199

 
100.0
%
 
$
179,406

 
100.0
%
 
419,251

 
442,798

 
$
416

 
$
439

 
$
405

* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
Total traffic from our Australian Operations decreased 23,547 carloads, or 5.3%, to 419,251 carloads for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018, primarily due to decreases of 23,807 carloads of agricultural products traffic, 1,762 carloads of intermodal traffic, 1,308 carloads of metallic ores traffic and 1,156 carloads of minerals and stone traffic, partially offset by an increase of 4,514 carloads of coal and coke traffic. All remaining traffic decreased by 28 carloads.
Changes in average freight revenues per carload in a commodity group may be impacted by changes in customer rates, fuel surcharges, commodity mix and the mix of customer traffic within a commodity group. Excluding a 7.9% impact of foreign currency, average freight revenues per carload from our Australian Operations increased 2.7% to $416 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018.
The following information discusses the significant changes in our Australian Operations freight revenues by commodity group excluding the impact of foreign currency.
Agricultural products revenues decreased $5.7 million, or 39.8%. Agricultural products traffic decreased 23,807 carloads, or 70.4%, which decreased revenues by $20.7 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 103.8%, which increased revenues by $14.9 million. The carload decrease was primarily due to a drought-related smaller grain harvest in 2019 and conclusion of services on the Eyre Peninsula. The decrease in grain traffic resulted in higher average freight revenues per carload, primarily due to the rate structure for Australian grain traffic, which has both a fixed and variable component, and a change in the mix of business.

58


Coal and coke revenues increased $2.2 million, or 2.5%. Coal and coke traffic increased 4,514 carloads, or 1.5%, which increased revenues by $1.4 million, and average freight revenues per carload increased 1.0%, which increased revenues by $0.9 million. The carload increase was primarily due to higher shipping activity and longer hauls.
Intermodal revenues decreased $1.0 million, or 2.2%. Intermodal traffic decreased 1,762 carloads, or 4.3%, which decreased revenues by $2.0 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 2.1%, which increased revenues by $1.0 million. The carload decrease was primarily due to service cancellations and decreased automotive movements.
Freight revenues from all remaining commodities combined decreased by a net $0.7 million.
Freight-Related Revenues
Excluding a $2.5 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, freight-related revenues from our Australian Operations, which includes revenues from railcar switching, track access rights, crewing services, storage and other ancillary revenues related to the movement of freight, decreased $5.8 million, or 19.6%, to $23.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $29.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease in freight-related revenues was primarily due to prolonged drought conditions in 2019, switching competition and a customer termination payment received in 2018.
All Other Revenues
Excluding a $0.3 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, all other revenues from our Australian Operations, which includes revenues from third-party railcar and locomotive repairs, property rentals and other ancillary revenues not directly related to the movement of freight, increased $1.4 million, or 38.6%, to $5.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $3.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
Operating Expenses
Excluding a $13.0 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, total operating expenses from our Australian Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 increased $4.6 million, or 3.0%, to $159.6 million, compared with $155.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in operating expenses included increases of $7.6 million in other expenses, net and $1.7 million in restructuring and related costs, partially offset by decreases of $1.6 million in purchased services expense, $1.5 million in the cost of diesel fuel used in operations and $1.5 million in trackage rights expense.
The following table sets forth operating expenses from our Australian Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
Currency
Impact
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
Increase/(Decrease) Constant Currency*
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
 
 
 
Labor and benefits
$
51,605

 
25.4
 %
 
$
55,318

 
24.0
 %
 
$
(3,713
)
 
$
(4,286
)
 
$
51,032

 
$
573

Equipment rents
2,931

 
1.4
 %
 
3,950

 
1.7
 %
 
(1,019
)
 
(304
)
 
3,646

 
(715
)
Purchased services
16,467

 
8.1
 %
 
19,603

 
8.5
 %
 
(3,136
)
 
(1,507
)
 
18,096

 
(1,629
)
Depreciation and amortization
42,382

 
20.9
 %
 
46,232

 
20.1
 %
 
(3,850
)
 
(3,577
)
 
42,655

 
(273
)
Diesel fuel used in train operations
20,234

 
10.0
 %
 
23,557

 
10.2
 %
 
(3,323
)
 
(1,804
)
 
21,753

 
(1,519
)
Casualties and insurance
5,072

 
2.5
 %
 
5,198

 
2.3
 %
 
(126
)
 
(400
)
 
4,798

 
274

Materials
8,231

 
4.0
 %
 
8,725

 
3.8
 %
 
(494
)
 
(670
)
 
8,055

 
176

Trackage rights
4,497

 
2.2
 %
 
6,510

 
2.8
 %
 
(2,013
)
 
(508
)
 
6,002

 
(1,505
)
Net gain on sale and impairment of assets
(170
)
 
(0.1
)%
 
(133
)
 
(0.1
)%
 
(37
)
 
10

 
(123
)
 
(47
)
Restructuring and related costs
1,686

 
0.8
 %
 

 
 %
 
1,686

 

 

 
1,686

Other expenses, net
6,661

 
3.3
 %
 
(979
)
 
(0.4
)%
 
7,640

 
36

 
(943
)
 
7,604

Total operating expenses
$
159,596

 
78.5
 %
 
$
167,981

 
72.9
 %
 
$
(8,385
)
 
$
(13,010
)
 
$
154,971

 
$
4,625

* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.

59


The following information discusses the significant changes in operating expenses of our Australian Operations excluding a decrease of $13.0 million due to foreign currency depreciation.
Labor and benefits expense of $51.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $51.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $0.6 million, or 1.1%. The increase was primarily due to $2.6 million associated with the amending of an enterprise bargaining agreement, partially offset by a decrease in labor expense attributable to a smaller grain harvest in 2019.
Purchased services expense was $16.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $18.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $1.6 million, or 9.0%. The decrease was primarily due to the timing of equipment maintenance and decreased infrastructure services.
The cost of diesel fuel used in train operations was $20.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $21.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $1.5 million, or 7.0%. The decrease consisted of $1.8 million due to a 7.9% decrease in diesel fuel consumption, partially offset by an increase of $0.3 million due to a 1.0% higher average fuel cost per gallon.
Trackage rights expense was $4.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $1.5 million, or 25.1%. The decrease was primarily due to lower volumes related to drought affected harvests and reduced intermodal activity in 2019.
Restructuring and related costs of $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 were primarily related to a severance provision associated with the termination of grain service on the Eyre Peninsula.
Other expenses, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 included a $7.3 million gain on settlement related to a customer's voluntary administration.
Operating Income/Operating Ratio
Operating income from our Australian Operations was $43.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $62.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 included $2.6 million of expense associated with amending an enterprise bargaining agreement and $1.7 million of expense primarily related to a severance provision associated with the termination of grain service on the Eyre Peninsula. Operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 included a $7.3 million gain on a settlement related to Arrium's voluntary administration (bankruptcy). The operating ratio was 78.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 72.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
U.K./European Operations
Operating Revenues
The following table sets forth our U.K./European Operations total operating revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The table below also reflects the calculation of our U.K./European Operations existing operations by subtracting the revenues and carloads from the divested ERS operations from our U.K./European total operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Total Operations
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Existing Operations
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Total Operations*
 
Currency Impact on 2018 Existing Operations*
 
 
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
2019
 
Total Operations
 
Divested Operations
 
Existing Operations
 
Amount

%
 
Amount
 
%
 
 
Freight revenues
$
243,451

 
$
268,193

 
$
17,086

 
$
251,107

 
$
(24,742
)
 
(9.2
)%
 
$
(7,656
)
 
(3.0
)%
 
$
(16,333
)
 
$
(15,070
)
Freight-related revenues
197,385

 
203,491

 
7,006

 
196,485

 
(6,106
)
 
(3.0
)%
 
900

 
0.5
 %
 
(11,907
)
 
(11,433
)
All other revenues
42,454

 
49,809

 
21

 
49,788

 
(7,355
)
 
(14.8
)%
 
(7,334
)
 
(14.7
)%
 
(2,906
)
 
(2,904
)
Total operating revenues
$
483,290

 
$
521,493

 
$
24,113

 
$
497,380

 
$
(38,203
)
 
(7.3
)%
 
$
(14,090
)
 
(2.8
)%
 
$
(31,146
)
 
$
(29,407
)
Carloads
690,845

 
759,212

 
50,949

 
708,263

 
(68,367
)
 
(9.0
)%
 
(17,418
)
 
(2.5
)%
 
 
 
 
* Currency impact was calculated by comparing the 2018 results translated from local currency to United States dollars using 2019 exchange rates to the 2018 results in United States dollars as reported.

60


Freight Revenues
The following table sets forth our U.K./European Operations total freight revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The table below also reflects the calculation of our U.K./European Operations existing operations by subtracting the revenues from the divested ERS operations from our U.K./European Operations total operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands): 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Existing Operations
 
Currency Impact on Existing Operations
 
2018 Constant Currency Existing Operations*
 
Increase/(Decrease) in Existing Operations Constant Currency*
 
 
 
2018
 
 
 
 
Commodity Group
2019
 
Total Operations
 
Divested Operations
 
Existing Operations
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Products
$
2,011

 
$
3,073

 
$

 
$
3,073

 
$
(1,062
)
 
$
(226
)
 
$
2,847

 
$
(836
)
Coal & Coke
6,195

 
8,751

 

 
8,751

 
(2,556
)
 
(563
)
 
8,188

 
(1,993
)
Intermodal
174,500

 
192,413

 
17,086

 
175,327

 
(827
)
 
(10,132
)
 
165,195

 
9,305

Minerals & Stone
58,709

 
63,849

 

 
63,849

 
(5,140
)
 
(4,144
)
 
59,705

 
(996
)
Petroleum Products
2,036

 
107

 

 
107

 
1,929

 
(5
)
 
102

 
1,934

Total
$
243,451

 
$
268,193

 
$
17,086

 
$
251,107

 
$
(7,656
)
 
$
(15,070
)
 
$
236,037

 
$
7,414

*Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period Total Ongoing Operations translated at the current period exchange rates.
The following table sets forth our U.K./European Operations freight revenues, carloads and average freight revenues per carload for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands, except average freight revenues per carload):
 
 
Freight Revenues
 
Carloads
 
Average Freight Revenues Per
Carload
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
2019
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
 
September 30,
Commodity Group
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
Amount
 
% of
Total
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018 Constant Currency*
Agricultural Products
$
2,011

 
0.9
%
 
$
2,847

 
1.1
%
 
1,486

 
2,349

 
$
1,353

 
$
1,308

 
$
1,212

Coal & Coke
6,195

 
2.5
%
 
8,188

 
3.3
%
 
11,407

 
14,204

 
543

 
616

 
576

Intermodal
174,500

 
71.7
%
 
181,018

 
71.9
%
 
533,115

 
599,840

 
327

 
321

 
302

Minerals & Stone
58,709

 
24.0
%
 
59,705

 
23.7
%
 
135,420

 
142,577

 
434

 
448

 
419

Petroleum Products
2,036

 
0.9
%
 
102

 
%
 
9,417

 
242

 
216

 
442

 
421

Total
$
243,451

 
100.0
%
 
$
251,860

 
100.0
%
 
690,845

 
759,212

 
$
352

 
$
353

 
$
332

* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
Total traffic from our U.K./European Operations decreased 68,367 carloads, or 9.0%, to 690,845 carloads for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018. Excluding traffic from our divested ERS operations, existing operations traffic decreased 17,418 carloads, or 2.5%, primarily due to decreases of 15,776 carloads of intermodal traffic, 7,157 carloads of minerals and stone traffic and 2,797 carloads of coal and coke traffic, partially offset by an increase of 9,175 carloads of petroleum products traffic. All remaining traffic decreased by 863 carloads.
Changes in average freight revenues per carload in a commodity group may be impacted by changes in customer rates, fuel surcharges, commodity mix and the mix of customer traffic within a commodity group. Excluding a 6.3% impact of foreign currency, average freight revenues per carload from our U.K./European Operations increased 6.0% to $352 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018. Average freight revenues per carload from existing operations, excluding the impact of foreign currency, increased 5.7% to $352 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with the same period in 2018.
The following information discusses the significant changes in our U.K./European Operations freight revenues by commodity group excluding the impact of foreign currency and the divested ERS operations.
Coal and coke revenues decreased $2.0 million, or 24.3%. Coal and coke traffic decreased 2,797 carloads, or 19.7%, which decreased revenues by $1.5 million, and average freight revenues per carload decreased 5.7%, which decreased revenues by $0.5 million. The carload decrease was primarily due to the conclusion of certain customer contracts in the U.K.

61


Intermodal revenues increased $9.3 million, or 5.6%. Intermodal average freight revenues per carload increased 8.6%, which increased revenues by $14.5 million, while traffic decreased 15,776 carloads, or 2.9%, which decreased revenues by $5.2 million. The increase in average freight revenues per carload was primarily due to stronger pricing in the U.K. The decrease in carloads was primarily due to temporary rail network outages, service cancellations and lower demand.
Minerals and stone revenues decreased $1.0 million, or 1.7%. Minerals and stone traffic decreased 7,157 carloads, or 5.0%, which decreased revenues by $3.1 million, while average freight revenues per carload increased 3.6%, which increased revenues by $2.1 million. The carload decrease was primarily due to lower construction aggregates shipments in Poland primarily as a result of unfavorable weather conditions, partially offset by new customer contracts in the U.K.
Petroleum products revenues increased $1.9 million, primarily due to an increase in traffic of 9,175 carloads. The carload increase was primarily due to a new customer contract in the U.K.
Freight revenues from all remaining commodities decreased by $0.8 million.
Freight-Related Revenues
Freight-related revenues from our U.K./European Operations includes trucking haulage services, container storage and switching services, as well as infrastructure services, where we operate work trains for the track infrastructure owner. Freight-related revenues from our U.K./European Operations also include traction service (or hook and pull), which requires us to provide locomotives and drivers to move a customer's train between specified origin and destination points and other ancillary revenues related to the movement of freight.
Freight-related revenues from our U.K./European Operations were $197.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $203.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $6.1 million, or 3.0%. Excluding a decrease of $11.9 million due to foreign currency depreciation and $6.5 million from our divested ERS operations, freight-related revenues from our existing operations increased $12.3 million, or 6.7%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $185.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in freight-related revenues from our existing operations was primarily due to increased rates on trucking, switching and storage services in the U.K. and increased crewing services in Poland, partially offset by a decrease in infrastructure services in the U.K.
All Other Revenues
All other revenues from our U.K./European Operations includes revenues from container sales, third-party car and locomotive repairs, property rentals and other ancillary revenues not directly related to the movement of freight. All other revenues from our U.K./European Operations were $42.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $49.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $7.4 million, or 14.8%. Excluding a $2.9 million decrease due to foreign currency depreciation, all other revenues from our existing operations decreased $4.4 million, or 9.4%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $46.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease in all other revenues from our existing operations was primarily due to reduced management and technical support revenues in Saudi Arabia and lower container sales in 2019.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses from our U.K./European Operations were $489.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $522.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $32.7 million, or 6.3%. The decrease consisted of $31.2 million due to foreign currency depreciation and $20.9 million from divested operations, partially offset by a $19.4 million increase from existing operations. The increase from existing operations included increases of $9.2 million in labor and benefits expense, $5.1 million in other expenses, net, $3.5 million in depreciation and amortization expense, $3.3 million in restructuring and related costs, $1.4 million in equipment rents expense and $1.4 million in purchased services expense, partially offset by decreases of $1.5 million in trackage rights expense and $1.3 million in materials expense.

62


The following table sets forth operating expenses from our U.K./European Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
Currency
Impact
 
2018 Constant Currency*
 
Increase/(Decrease) Constant Currency*
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
Amount
 
% of
Operating
Revenues
 
 
 
 
Labor and benefits
$
154,175

 
31.9
 %
 
$
154,943

 
29.7
%
 
$
(768
)
 
$
(9,098
)
 
$
145,845

 
$
8,330

Equipment rents
55,629

 
11.5
 %
 
58,690

 
11.3
%
 
(3,061
)
 
(3,597
)
 
55,093

 
536

Purchased services
90,106

 
18.7
 %
 
115,711

 
22.2
%
 
(25,605
)
 
(7,061
)
 
108,650

 
(18,544
)
Depreciation and amortization
29,454

 
6.1
 %
 
27,629

 
5.3
%
 
1,825

 
(1,629
)
 
26,000

 
3,454

Diesel fuel used in train operations
39,627

 
8.2
 %
 
41,967

 
8.0
%
 
(2,340
)
 
(2,514
)
 
39,453

 
174

Electricity used in train operations
6,344

 
1.3
 %
 
7,020

 
1.3
%
 
(676
)
 
(425
)
 
6,595

 
(251
)
Casualties and insurance
3,363

 
0.7
 %
 
4,415

 
0.8
%
 
(1,052
)
 
(263
)
 
4,152

 
(789
)
Materials
45,425

 
9.4
 %
 
49,675

 
9.5
%
 
(4,250
)
 
(2,909
)
 
46,766

 
(1,341
)
Trackage rights
27,013

 
5.6
 %
 
30,384

 
5.8
%
 
(3,371
)
 
(1,857
)
 
28,527

 
(1,514
)
Net gain on sale and impairment of assets
(830
)
 
(0.2
)%
 
(244
)
 
%
 
(586
)
 
(8
)
 
(252
)
 
(578
)
Restructuring and related costs
15,517

 
3.2
 %
 
12,889

 
2.5
%
 
2,628

 
(673
)
 
12,216

 
3,301

Other expenses, net
23,652

 
4.9
 %
 
19,059

 
3.7
%
 
4,593

 
(1,148
)
 
17,911

 
5,741

Total operating expenses
$
489,475

 
101.3
 %
 
$
522,138

 
100.1
%
 
$
(32,663
)
 
$
(31,182
)
 
$
490,956

 
$
(1,481
)
* Constant currency amounts reflect the prior period results translated at the current period exchange rates.
The following information discusses the significant changes in operating expenses of our U.K./European Operations excluding a decrease of $31.2 million due to foreign currency depreciation.
Labor and benefits expense was $154.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $145.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $8.3 million, or 5.7%. The increase consisted of $9.2 million from existing operations, partially offset by a decrease of $0.8 million from divested operations. The increase from existing operations was primarily due to annual wage increases and an increase in headcount to support new aggregate business, partially offset by savings resulting from the U.K. Operations optimization program.
Purchased services expense was $90.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $108.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $18.5 million, or 17.1%. The decrease consisted of $19.9 million from divested operations, partially offset by an increase of $1.4 million from existing operations. The increase from existing operations was primarily due to an increase in trucking activity and the timing of maintenance.
Depreciation and amortization expense was $29.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $26.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $3.5 million, or 13.3%. The increase was primarily due to capital spending in 2018.
Materials expense, which primarily consists of the cost of containers sold to third parties, materials purchased for use in repairing and maintaining our locomotives, railcars and other equipment, as well as costs for general tools and supplies used in our business, was $45.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $46.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $1.3 million, or 2.9%. The decrease was primarily due to reduced container sales in 2019 and timing of roadway maintenance.
Trackage rights expense was $27.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $28.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, a decrease of $1.5 million, or 5.3%. The decrease was primarily due to a refund of prior year track access costs.
Restructuring and related costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 of $15.5 million and $12.2 million, respectively, were primarily related to our optimization activities in the U.K.
Other expenses, net were $23.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $17.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $5.7 million, or 32.1%. The increase consisted of $5.1 million from existing operations and $0.7 million from divested operations. The increase from existing operations was primarily attributable to implementation costs associated with information technology initiatives.

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Operating Loss and Operating Ratio
Our U.K./European Operations had an operating loss of $6.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with an operating loss of $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The operating loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 included $15.5 million of restructuring and related costs primarily driven by our optimization activities in the U.K. The operating loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 included $12.9 million, or $12.2 million excluding foreign currency, of restructuring and related costs primarily driven by our optimization activities in the U.K. The operating ratio was 101.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared with 100.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We had cash and cash equivalents of $86.9 million as of September 30, 2019, of which $31.1 million was from our Australian Operations, which we control through a 51.1% ownership interest. In accordance with our Australia partnership agreement with MIRA, the cash and cash equivalents of our Australian Operations can be used to make payments in the ordinary course of business, pay down debt of the Australia Partnership and make distributions to the partners in proportion to their investments. No such distributions were made during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Australia Partnership made an A$40.0 million distribution, of which A$20.4 million (or $15.6 million at the exchange rate on June 5, 2018) and A$19.6 million (or $14.9 million at the exchange rate on June 5, 2018) were distributed to us and MIRA, respectively.
Based on current expectations, we believe our cash, together with our other liquid assets, anticipated future cash flows from operations, availability under our credit agreement and access to debt and equity capital markets and other sources of available financing will be sufficient to fund expected operating, capital and debt service requirements and other financial commitments for the foreseeable future. As of September 30, 2019, we had $618.8 million of unused borrowing capacity under our credit agreement.
As of September 30, 2019, we had long-term debt, including current portion, of $2,215.5 million, which comprised 37.4% of our total capitalization. As of December 31, 2018, we had long-term debt, including current portion, of $2,453.5 million, which comprised 40.3% of our total capitalization. Our long-term debt, including current portion, consisted of the following as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Senior secured credit facility
$
1,561,648

 
$
1,783,423

Australian senior secured credit facility(a)
427,718

 
458,166

Australian subordinated shareholder loan from MIRA(b)
160,675

 
167,796

Other debt
81,060

 
64,261

Less: deferred financing fees
(15,587
)
 
(20,108
)
Total debt
$
2,215,514

 
$
2,453,538

(a) Standalone credit agreement is non-recourse to us and MIRA.
(b) Shareholder loan is non-recourse to us.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we generated $384.2 million and $397.5 million, respectively, of cash from operating activities. Changes in working capital decreased net cash flows by $7.1 million and $15.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, our net cash used in investing activities was $152.4 million and $165.9 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the primary drivers of cash used in investing activities were $227.3 million of cash used for capital expenditures, including $26.8 million related to capital expenditures accrued in 2018, partially offset by $23.0 million of cash received from grants from outside parties for capital spending and $45.4 million of cash received from the settlement of certain derivative investments. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, primary drivers of cash used in investing activities were $194.1 million of cash used for capital expenditures, including $20.1 million related to capital expenditures accrued in 2017, partially offset by $16.7 million in cash received from grants from outside parties for capital spending and $7.9 million of net proceeds received from the sale of ERS.

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During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, our net cash used in financing activities was $236.4 million and $237.0 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the primary drivers of cash used in financing activities were net payments on outstanding debt of $230.9 million, $4.8 million for common share repurchases and $4.7 million for the purchase of additional shares in Freightliner Australia from its noncontrolling interest holders, partially offset by $6.5 million of cash provided by other financing activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the primary drivers of cash used in financing activities were $270.5 million for common share repurchases and $14.9 million of cash distributed to MIRA, $6.3 million for installment payments on deferred consideration related to the Freightliner acquisition and $5.3 million in debt amendment and issuance costs, partially offset by a net increase in outstanding debt of $55.0 million. For additional information regarding our common share repurchases, see Note 3, Earnings Per Common Share, to our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in "Part I Item 1. Financial Statements" of this quarterly report.
Property Insurance
We completed our annual property insurance renewal during the third quarter of 2019, which became effective on August 1, 2019. Effective with this renewal, our property policies have various self-insured retentions, which vary based on the type and location of the incident, up to $10.0 million. We recently completed our annual liability insurance renewal, which became effective on November 1, 2019. Effective with this renewal, our liability policies have various self-insured retentions up to $5.0 million.
2019 Capital Expenditures
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we incurred $225.1 million in aggregate capital expenditures related to current year projects of which we paid $200.5 million in cash and accrued $24.5 million in accounts payable as of September 30, 2019. We expect to receive $19.2 million of grants from outside parties related to these current year projects, which was included in outstanding grant receivables from outside parties as of September 30, 2019.
The following table sets forth our capital expenditures related to current year projects incurred by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
 
North American Operations
 
Australian Operations
 
U.K./European Operations
 
Total
Capital Expenditures:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Track and equipment, self-funded
$
130,679

 
$
11,500

 
$
23,523

 
$
165,702

Track and equipment, subject to third-party funding
40,409

 

 

 
40,409

New business investments
2,635

 
16,305

 

 
18,940

Gross capital expenditures
173,723

 
27,805

 
23,523

 
225,051

Grants from outside parties
(27,553
)
 

 

 
(27,553
)
Net capital expenditures
$
146,170

 
$
27,805

 
$
23,523

 
$
197,498

Cash paid for purchases of property and equipment during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 of $227.3 million consisted of $200.5 million for 2019 capital projects and $26.8 million related to capital expenditures accrued in 2018. Grant proceeds from outside parties received during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 of $23.0 million were primarily related to our capital expenditures from prior years.
During the three months ended September 30, 2019, our Australian Operations entered into a commitment of approximately $26 million to procure locomotives and wagons to serve new business.
Recently Adopted and Recently Issued Accounting Standards
See Note 5, Leases, and Note 14, Recently Issued Accounting Standards, to our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in "Part I Item 1. Financial Statements" of this quarterly report for additional information regarding recently adopted and recently issued accounting standards.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
An off-balance sheet arrangement includes any contractual obligation, agreement or transaction involving an unconsolidated entity under which we (1) have made guarantees, (2) have a retained or contingent interest in transferred assets, or a similar arrangement, that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to that entity for such assets, (3) have an obligation under certain derivative instruments or (4) have any obligation arising out of a material variable interest in such an entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to us, or that engages in leasing or hedging services with us.
Our off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2018 consisted of operating lease obligations. Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which required lessees to now recognize operating leases on their balance sheet as a right-of-use asset with a corresponding liability. See Note 5, Leases, to our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in "Part I Item 1. Financial Statements" of this quarterly report for additional information regarding this standard. As of September 30, 2019, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements.
Impact of Foreign Currencies on Consolidated Results
As more fully described in Note 13, Segment Information, to our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in "Part I Item 1. Financial Statements" of this quarterly report, the results of operations of our foreign entities are maintained in the respective local currency and then translated into United States dollars at the applicable exchange rates for inclusion in the consolidated financial statements. When comparing the effects of average foreign currency exchange rates on operating revenues and operating expenses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, foreign currency translation had a negative impact on our consolidated operating revenues and a positive impact on our consolidated operating expenses. Currency effects related to operating revenues and operating expenses are presented within the discussion of these respective items included within this Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we settled certain of our British pound forward contracts, which had notional amounts totaling £120.0 million and received cash proceeds of $26.1 million. In addition, we settled our cross-currency swap agreements, which had notional amounts totaling A$248.9 million, and received cash proceeds of €17.0 million (or $19.3 million at the exchange rate on June 30, 2019, the date of settlement).
In June 2019, we entered into two new cross-currency swap agreements designated as fair value hedges and a cross-currency swap designated as a net investment hedge. See Note 6, Derivative Financial Instruments, to our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in "Part I Item 1. Financial Statements" of this quarterly report for additional information regarding our swap agreements.
ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures — We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2019. Based upon that evaluation and subject to the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2019, the disclosure controls and procedures were effective to accomplish their objectives at the reasonable assurance level.
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting — There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as the term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended September 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
From time to time, we are a defendant in certain lawsuits and a party to certain arbitrations resulting from our operations in the ordinary course, as the nature of our business exposes us to the potential for various claims and litigation, including those related to property damage, personal injury, freight loss, labor and employment, environmental and other matters. We maintain insurance policies to mitigate the financial risk associated with such claims. However, any material changes to pending litigation or a catastrophic rail accident or series of accidents involving material freight loss or property damage, personal injuries or environmental liability or other claims or disputes that are not covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
In November 2014, we received a notice from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requesting information under the Clean Water Act related to the discharge of crude oil as a result of a derailment of an Alabama & Gulf Coast Railway LLC (AGR) freight train in November 2013 in the vicinity of Aliceville, Alabama. In May 2018, the EPA notified the AGR of a maximum civil payment penalty of $14.1 million, based on the amount of oil allegedly discharged and other relevant factors considered under the applicable regulation. Although the cleanup associated with this derailment is substantially complete, the civil penalty associated with the contamination is subject to further discussion and potential litigation.
Following the filing of our definitive proxy statement (the Proxy Statement) associated with the Merger with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on August 20, 2019, three lawsuits were filed in connection with the Merger, including two purported class action lawsuits that were filed on August 21, 2019 and September 4, 2019 in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, and one lawsuit filed on behalf of a purported individual shareholder on September 12, 2019 in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. These lawsuits, Gordon vs. Genesee & Wyoming Inc. et al., Case No. 1:19-cv-01558-MN, Thompson vs. Genesee & Wyoming Inc. et al., Case No. 1;19-cv-01650-MN and Geery vs. Genesee & Wyoming Inc. et al., Case No. 3:19-cv-01438-VLB (collectively, the “Disclosure Actions”), named us and individual officers and members of our board of directors as defendants. The actions alleged, among other things, that the defendants failed to disclose certain information relating to our financial projections set forth in the Proxy Statement.
On September 25, 2019, solely to eliminate the burden, expense, and uncertainty inherent in such litigation, and without admitting any liability or wrongdoing, we filed a Form 8-K containing certain supplemental disclosures with the SEC. In consideration for such supplemental disclosures by us, plaintiffs in the Disclosure Actions had agreed to voluntarily dismiss the Disclosure Actions. On October 4, 2019, pursuant to those agreements, plaintiffs filed voluntary dismissals of the Disclosure Actions.
On September 17, 2019, in New South Wales, Australia, a complaint was filed by Australia Eastern Railroad Pty Ltd ACN against the Company, GWI Holdings Pty Ltd and Genesee & Wyoming Australia Pty Ltd in connection with the Merger. The complaint seeks an award of damages in connection with a right of first refusal provision in a commercial contract involving our majority-owned Australian subsidiary. We dispute the allegations made in the complaint and intend to defend us appropriately.
In addition to the EPA matter and the lawsuits set forth above, from time to time, we are a defendant in certain lawsuits resulting from our operations in the ordinary course. Management believes there are adequate provisions in the financial statements for any probable liabilities that may result from disposition of the pending lawsuits and the aforementioned EPA matter. Based upon currently available information, we do not believe it is reasonably possible that any such lawsuit, related lawsuits or matter would be material to our results of operations or have a material adverse effect on our financial position or liquidity.
ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS.
For a discussion of our potential risks or uncertainties, please see Risk Factors in Part I Item 1A of the Company's 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Except for the risks described below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in the 2018 Annual Report.
There are risks and uncertainties associated with the proposed merger.
On July 1, 2019, G&W entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the Merger Agreement), by and among G&W, DJP XX, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (Parent), and MKM XXII Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (Merger Sub), pursuant to which Merger Sub will be merged with and into G&W (the Merger) with G&W surviving the Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent. The proposed Merger will result in G&W becoming a privately-held company.

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Completion of the proposed Merger is subject to various conditions, including, among others, (i) the absence of any law, injunction or other order that prohibits the consummation of the Merger, (ii) the approval or authorization of, or exemption by, the Surface Transportation Board (or approval of the use of a voting trust structure), which exemption was granted on October 29, 2019, (iii) receipt of other antitrust and regulatory approvals, including approval of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, and (iv) other customary closing conditions, including the accuracy of each party’s representations and warranties and each party’s compliance with its covenants and agreements contained in the Merger Agreement (subject in the case of this clause (iv) to certain materiality qualifiers). We cannot provide any assurance that these conditions will be met or waived, or that we will be able to successfully consummate the proposed Merger as provided for under the Merger Agreement, or at all.
In this regard, we face risks and uncertainties due both to the pendency of the proposed Merger as well as the potential failure to consummate the proposed Merger, including:
the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstances that could give us or Parent the right to terminate the Merger Agreement;
the outcome of any legal proceedings that may be instituted against us with respect to the proposed Merger;
the ability to obtain regulatory approvals and satisfy other closing conditions to the proposed Merger in a timely manner or at all, including the risk that regulatory approvals required for the proposed Merger are not obtained or are obtained subject to conditions that are not anticipated;
delay in closing the proposed Merger;
business disruptions from the proposed Merger that may harm our business, including our current plans and operations;
adverse effects on our ability to retain and hire key personnel or maintain relationships with customers or on our operating results and business generally;
the risk that developments with respect to the proposed Merger could have adverse effects on the market price of our common stock;
restrictions during the pendency of the proposed Merger that may impact our ability to pursue certain business opportunities or strategic transactions; and
the risk that G&W will be required to pay Parent a termination fee of $194 million in the event the Merger Agreement is terminated by G&W or Parent under certain circumstances specified in the Merger Agreement, including upon a termination by G&W in connection with G&W’s entry into a superior proposal (which termination fee would be payable even if such superior proposal is not consummated).
In addition, we have incurred, and will continue to incur, significant costs, expenses and fees for professional services and other transaction costs in connection with the proposed Merger, and these fees and costs are payable by us regardless of whether the proposed Merger is consummated.

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ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.
There were no unregistered sales of equity securities for the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period in 2019
(a) Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased (1)
 
(b) Average Price Paid
per Share (or Unit)(1)
 
(c) Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs (2)
 
(d) Maximum Number
of Shares (or Units)
(or Approximate Dollar Value)
that May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs (2)
July 1 to July 31

 
$

 

 
$
335,000,045

August 1 to August 31
31,256

 
$
110.05

 

 
$
335,000,045

September 1 to September 30

 
$

 

 
$
335,000,045

Total
31,256

 
$
110.05

 

 
 
(1) The 31,256 shares acquired in the three months ended September 30, 2019 represent common stock acquired by us from our employees who surrendered shares in lieu of cash either to fund their exercise of stock options or to pay taxes on equity awards granted under our Fourth Amended and Restated 2004 Omnibus Plan.
(2) In November 2018, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of $500 million of our Class A Common Stock. During the three months ended September 30, 2019, we did not purchase any shares of our Class A Common Stock under the repurchase program. In connection with entering into the Merger Agreement, we suspended future share repurchases under the repurchase program.
ITEM 3.
DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.
None.
ITEM 4.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.
Not applicable.
ITEM 5.
OTHER INFORMATION.
None.
ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS.
For a list of exhibits, see Index to Exhibits in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated herein by reference.

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Number
 
Description
 
 
 
2.1

 

 
 
 
2.2

 

 
 
 
*31.1

 
 
 
 
*31.2

 
 
 
 
*32.1

 
 
 
 
*101

 
The following financial information from Genesee & Wyoming Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2019, formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (iXBRL) includes: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
*104

 
Cover Page Interactive Date File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
*Exhibit filed or furnished with this Report.
The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure, other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
GENESEE & WYOMING INC.
 
 
 
 
Date:
November 6, 2019
By:
/s/    TIMOTHY J. GALLAGHER
 
 
Name:
Timothy J. Gallagher
 
 
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
 
 
 
Date:
November 6, 2019
By:
/s/ CHRISTOPHER F. LIUCCI
 
 
Name:
Christopher F. Liucci
 
 
Title:
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)


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