Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)

Registration No. 333-228353 and
Registration No. 333-246336

 

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

(to Prospectus dated November 29, 2018)

 

 

$25,000,000

Common Stock

 


 

We have entered into an At-the-Market Equity Offering Sales Agreement, or the Sales Agreement, with Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated, or Stifel, relating to shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. In accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement, we may offer and sell shares of our common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $25.0 million from time to time on or after the date of this prospectus supplement through Stifel as our sales agent.

 

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “RESN.” The last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on August 13, 2020 was $2.60 per share.

 

Sales of our common stock, if any, under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus may be made in sales deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. Stifel is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of securities, but will act as a sales agent using commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices on mutually agreed terms between Stifel and us. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in any escrow, trust or similar arrangement.

 

The compensation to Stifel for sales of common stock sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement will be an amount equal to 3.0% of the gross sales price per share of common stock sold under the Sales Agreement. In connection with the sale of the common stock on our behalf, Stifel will be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act and the compensation of Stifel will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have also agreed to provide indemnification and contribution to Stifel with respect to certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act.

 


 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein before you make your investment decision. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-7 of this prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated by reference herein, including our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, to read about risks that you should consider before purchasing shares of our common stock.

 


 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 


 

Stifel

 

The date of this prospectus supplement is August 14, 2020.

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

Page

 

 

Prospectus Supplement

 

 

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

S-3

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY

S-4

RISK FACTORS

S-7

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

S-8

USE OF PROCEEDS

S-10

DILUTION

S-11

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

S-12

LEGAL MATTERS

S-13

EXPERTS

S-13

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

S-13

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

S-14

 

 

Prospectus

 

 

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

3

RESONANT INC.

4

RISK FACTORS

4

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

5

THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER

6

USE OF PROCEEDS

9

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

9

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

12

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

19

DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

21

LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES

22

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

26

LEGAL MATTERS

27

EXPERTS

27

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

28

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

28

 

S-2


 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

 

This prospectus supplement is a supplement to the accompanying prospectus that is also a part of this document.  This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are part of registration statements on Form S-3 (File No. 333-228353 and File No. 333-246336) that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a “shelf” registration process.  Under this “shelf” registration process, we may from time to time sell any combination of securities described in the accompanying prospectus in one or more offerings up to a total of $53.75 million.

 

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy the shares offered hereby in any jurisdiction where, or to any person to whom, it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation.

 

This document is in two parts.  The first part is this prospectus supplement, which describes the terms of the offering of common stock and also adds to and updates information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into the accompanying prospectus.  The second part is the accompanying prospectus, which provides more general information, some of which may not apply to the common stock.  To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus supplement, on the one hand, and the information contained in the accompanying prospectus or any document incorporated by reference therein, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement.

 

You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus or any free writing prospectus.  We have not, and the sales agent has not, authorized any other person to provide you with different information.  If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it.  The information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is current as of the date such information is presented, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement or of any sale of the shares.  Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.  It is important for you to read and consider all information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, in making your investment decision.  You should also read and consider the information in the documents we have referred you to in the sections entitled “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information By Reference” below.

 

This prospectus supplement and the information incorporated herein by reference include trademarks, services marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectuses are the property of their respective owners.

 

Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” “our company,” and “Resonant” refer to Resonant Inc. and its subsidiaries.

 

S-3


 

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY

 

This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus.  Because it is a summary, it does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in the shares.  You should read this entire prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus carefully, including the “Risk Factors,” and the financial statements and other information incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.

 

Resonant Inc.

 

Resonant is a late-stage development company that has created an innovative software, intellectual property, or IP, and services platform that has the ability to increase designer efficiency, reduce the time to market and lower unit costs in the designs of filters for radio frequency, or RF, front-ends for the mobile device, automotive, medical, internet-of-things and related industries.  The RF front-end, or RFFE, is the circuitry in a device responsible for analog signal processing and is located between the device’s antenna and its digital circuitry.  The software platform we continue to develop is based on fundamentally new technology that we call Infinite Synthesized Networks®, or ISN®, to configure and connect resonators, the building blocks of RF filters.  Filters are a critical component of the RF front-end used to select desired radio frequency signals and reject unwanted signals.  Our ISN® platform allows us to develop unique, custom designs that address the increasing complexity of the RFFE due to increasing bandwidth requirements, such as by using carrier aggregation (the combining of multiple frequencies into a single data stream to increase throughput through higher data rates), or CA, by both reducing the size of the filter and improving performance.  Our goal is to utilize our ISN® platform to support our customers in reducing their time to develop complex filter and module designs, to access new classes of filter designs, and to do it more cost effectively. Additionally, our ISN® platform has allowed us to expand our customer focus beyond just filter manufacturers by enabling a new class of customer - fabless filter manufacturers. These companies do not have their own internal filter fabrication facility, or fab, and typically already would be supplying other products in the RFFE to the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), and, as a result do not require a protracted new vendor qualification process in order to supply parts. Through our existing customer relationships, we are able to leverage our ISN® tools to deliver cutting edge filter designs to these fabless filter manufacturers. In the second quarter of 2018, we deployed the first-ever module of our ISN® tool for evaluation, the PMTx®, designed to significantly improve design and fabrication turn times by improving fabrication process control.

 

We are commercializing our technology through the creation of filter designs that address the problems in the high growth RFFE industry created by the growing number of frequency bands in mobile and other RFFE enabled devices. The worldwide adoption of Long Term Evolution, or LTE, as the global standard, the transition to 5G, and the use of mobile devices to access the Internet, has resulted in massive proliferation of frequency bands which, when combined with CA for higher data rates and multiple input multiple output, or MIMO, has resulted in an ever-increasing number and complexity of filters in the RFFE. We have developed and continue to expand a series of single-band designs for frequency bands presently dominated by larger and more expensive bulk acoustic wave, or BAW, filters.  We are also developing multiplexer filter designs for two or more bands to address the CA requirements of our customers. We are using our ISN® platform to efficiently integrate these designs into RF modules for our module customers. Finally, we are developing unique filter designs, enabled by ISN®, to replace multiple filters and associated componentry for many bands, with higher performance. Currently, we are leveraging ISN® to develop these designs targeted for either the Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) or Temperature Compensated, Surface Acoustic Wave (TC-SAW) manufacturing processes. In 2018 we further extended ISN® for BAW designs, which has resulted in our invention of a resonator structure based on a combination of interdigital transducer (IDT) and piezoelectric membrane, the first family of which we call XBARTM, which exhibits performance parameters suitable for 5G applications - high frequency operation, large bandwidth and high power reliability. Our success with XBARTM is dependent on our ability to develop high frequency filters utilizing these resonator structures that are successfully adopted by our targeted customers, which will be determined by our ability to show improved performance over competing products or significantly reduce the size and cost of their products.

 

We believe licensing our designs, either as prepaid royalties or royalties paid as products ship, is the most direct and effective means of validating our ISN® platform and related IP libraries to address this rapidly growing market.  Our target customers make part or all of the RFFE.  We intend to retain ownership of our designs, and we expect to be compensated through license fees and royalties based on sales of RFFE filters that incorporate our designs and leverage our ISN® platform.

 

S-4


 

Our customer engagement process typically begins with the execution of a Joint Development Agreement, or JDA, and License Agreement, or LA, for specific bands. Depending on the complexity of the design, we estimate that initial samples of products to OEMs, will occur typically within nine to thirty-six months following execution of a license agreement. We classify these new designs as either ISN® Ready (9-12 months), ISN® Pilot (12-18 months), ISN® Advanced (18-36 months) or ISN® Development (Custom). Following these development cycles, designs are manufactured, qualified by our customers and sampled to OEM customers. Our customers can take from three to six months to qualify a design and then the OEMs can take an additional three to six months, or longer, to qualify a design as fit for use, reliable and ready for mass production. The pointat which an OEM begins taking product from our customers in mass production is typically when royalty revenues would begin. Our customer agreements typically provide for upfront design fees and royalty payments for each unit sold using our filter designs and typically last for a minimum of two years, but may be renewed for a longer period.

 

In 2019, we began development of Filter IP Standard Library designs to enable faster time to market for our customers. Further, the first Filter IP Library design was incorporated into Cadence Design Systems, Inc.’s AWR design suite, allowing module designers access to Resonant filter designs. At Mobile World Congress we showed the first 5G filter based upon XBAR® technology - an n79 filter. Subsequently, we accepted a $7.0 million investment and signed a commercial agreement for the development and license of filters for four bands based on XBAR® technology, with the industry’s largest provider of filters for the RFFE. The commercial agreement provides for our receipt of up to an aggregate of $9.0 million in pre-paid royalties and other fees for the licensed designs and certain other intellectual property developed in the collaboration, payable in installments over a multi-year development period, with each installment conditioned upon our achievement of certain milestones and deliverables acceptable to our customer in its discretion. We received an initial payment for $2.0 million in pre-paid royalties from this customer during the fourth quarter of 2019.

 

We plan to continue to pursue filter design projects with existing and potential customers and other strategic partners. These types of arrangements may subsidize the expansion of our IP libraries and further the development of our ISN® platform, as well as offer complementary technology and market intelligence. In addition, we will continue to help develop a fabless filter eco-system to support the growth in filter volumes for our customers. We are also investigating the potential of licensing part or all of our ISN® software design suite to potential customers in the RFFE industry.  However, we intend to retain ownership of our technology, software, designs and related improvements. Our goal is to establish and leverage alliances with new and existing customers, who will help grow the market for our designs by integrating them with their own proprietary technology and products, or by using our software products for their own designs, thus combining their own particular strengths with ours to provide an extensive array of solutions.

 

Corporate Information

 

We were incorporated in Delaware in January 2012. Our principal executive offices are located at 175 Cremona Drive, Suite 200, Goleta, California 93117, and our telephone number at this location is (805) 308-9803.  Our website address is www.resonant.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not a part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus.

 

S-5


 

The Offering

 

Issuer

 

Resonant Inc.

 

 

 

Common stock offered by us

 

Shares of common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $25.0 million.

 

 

 

Common stock to be outstanding after the offering

 

Up to 62,914,503 shares, assuming sales at a price of $2.60 per share, which was the closing price on the Nasdaq Capital Market on August 13, 2020. The actual number of shares issued will vary depending on the sales price under this offering.

 

 

 

Manner of offering

 

“At-the-market” offering that may be made from time to time, if at all, through our sales agent, Stifel. See “Plan of Distribution” on page S-13.

 

 

 

Use of Proceeds

 

We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital and other general corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds” on page S-10.

 

 

 

Risk Factors

 

See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-7 of this prospectus supplement and page 4 of the accompanying prospectus, as well as those risk factors that are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in shares of our common stock.

 

 

 

Nasdaq Capital Market symbol

 

RESN

 

The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 53,299,119 shares of our common stock outstanding as of August 13, 2020 and excludes:

 

·                  1,165,087 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options as of August 13, 2020 granted under our equity incentive plans at a weighted average exercise price of $4.50 per share;

 

·                  3,647,347 shares of our common stock issuable upon the release of outstanding restricted stock units as of August 13, 2020 granted under our equity incentive plans with a weighted average grant date fair value of $2.65 per share;

 

·                  6,317,677 shares of our common stock available as of August 13, 2020 for issuance or future grant pursuant to our equity incentive plan; and

 

·                  2,065,165 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants as of August 13, 2020 at a weighted average exercise price of $4.85 per share.

 

S-6


 

RISK FACTORS

 

An investment in our common stock is subject to numerous risks as discussed more fully below and under the caption “Risk Factors” in the accompanying prospectus, our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, both of which we incorporate by reference herein, and other information that we file from time to time with the SEC after the date of this prospectus supplement and which we incorporate by reference herein. Any of these risks could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations or our ability to execute our business strategy. You should read and consider carefully all the information set forth and incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus before deciding whether to invest in our common stock. The risks and uncertainties we have described are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also affect our business operations. See “Incorporation of Certain Documents By Reference.”

 

Risks Related to this Offering

 

Resales of our common stock in the public market during this offering by our stockholders may cause the market price of our common stock to fall.

 

We may issue common stock from time to time in connection with this offering. This issuance from time to time of these new shares of our common stock, or our ability to issue these shares of common stock in this offering, could result in resales of our common stock by our current stockholders concerned about the potential dilution of their holdings. In turn, these resales could have the effect of depressing the market price for our common stock.

 

Purchasers will experience immediate dilution in the book value per share of the common stock purchased in the offering.

 

The expected offering price of our common stock will be substantially higher than the net tangible book value per share of our outstanding common stock. As a result, based on our capitalization as of June 30, 2020, investors purchasing shares in this offering would incur immediate dilution of $1.91 per share of common stock purchased, based on an assumed public offering price of our common stock of $2.60 per share, the last reported sale price of the common stock on August 13, 2020.  See “Dilution” in this prospectus supplement for a more detailed discussion of the dilution you will incur if you purchase shares in this offering.

 

Our management will have broad discretion over the use of the proceeds we receive in this offering and might not apply the proceeds in ways that increase the value of your investment.

 

Our management will have broad discretion to use our net proceeds from this offering and you will be relying on the judgment of our management regarding the application of these proceeds.  Our management might not apply our net proceeds of this offering in ways that increase the value of your investment.  You will not have the opportunity to influence our decisions on how to use our net proceeds from this offering.

 

If we raise additional capital in the future, your ownership in us could be diluted.

 

Any issuance of equity we may undertake in the future to raise additional capital could cause the price of our common stock to decline, or require us to issue shares at a price that is lower than that paid by holders of our common stock in the past, which would result in those newly issued shares being dilutive.  In addition, the price per share at which we sell additional shares of our common stock, or securities convertible or exchangeable into common stock, in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share paid by investors in this offering.  If we obtain funds through a credit facility or through the issuance of debt or preferred securities, these securities would likely have rights senior to your rights as a common stockholder, which could impair the value of our common stock.

 

S-7


 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, or Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or Exchange Act. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those concerning the following:

 

·                  the intended use of proceeds under this prospectus supplement and the prospectus;

 

·                  the impact of the coronavirus, or COVID-19, pandemic on our worldwide operations and those of our business partners;

 

·                  our ability to fund our planned operations and implement our business plan;

 

·                  the status of filter designs under development;

 

·                  the prospects for licensing filter designs upon completion of development;

 

·                  plans for other filter designs not currently in development;

 

·                  potential customers for our designs;

 

·                  the timing and amount of future royalty streams;

 

·                  our plans regarding the use of proceeds from our equity financings and the expected duration of our capital resources;

 

·                  our plans regarding future financings;

 

·                  our hiring plans;

 

·                  the impact of our designs on the mobile device market;

 

·                  our business strategy;

 

·                  our intentions, expectations and beliefs regarding anticipated growth, market penetration and trends in our business;

 

·                  the timing and success of our plan of commercialization;

 

·                  our dependence on growth in our customers’ businesses;

 

·                  our customers’ success in marketing products incorporating our designs to their customers;

 

·                  the effects of market conditions on our stock price and operating results;

 

·                  our ability to maintain our competitive technological advantages against competitors in our industry and the related costs associated with defending intellectual property infringement and other claims;

 

·                  our ability to timely and effectively adapt our existing technology and have our technology solutions gain market acceptance;

 

·                  our ability to introduce new filter designs and bring them to market in a timely manner;

 

·                  our ability to maintain, protect and enhance our intellectual property;

 

·                  our expectations concerning our relationships with our customers and other third parties and our customers’ relationships with their manufacturers;

 

·                  the attraction and retention of qualified employees and key personnel;

 

·                  future acquisitions of or investments in complementary companies or technologies; and

 

·                  our ability to comply with evolving legal standards and regulations, particularly concerning requirements for being a public company and United States export regulations.

 

S-8


 

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “anticipates,” “believes”, “could”, “estimates”, “expects”, “intends”, “may”, “plans”, “potential”, “predicts”, “projects”, “should”, “will”, “would” as well as similar expressions. Forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to future events, are based on assumptions and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other important factors. We discuss many of these risks, uncertainties and other important factors in greater detail under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in this prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and in our most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q, as well as any amendments thereto reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC. Given these risks, uncertainties and other important factors, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Also, these forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date such forward-looking statements are made. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements publicly, or to reflect facts and circumstances after the date of this prospectus supplement.  Before deciding to purchase our securities, you should carefully read both this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any related free writing prospectus, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.

 

S-9


 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

We intend to use the net proceeds, if any, from the sale of common stock offered hereby for working capital and other general corporate purposes.  We have not determined the amounts we plan to spend on the areas listed above or the timing of these expenditures.  As a result, our management will have broad discretion to allocate the net proceeds of this offering.  Pending the application of the net proceeds for these purposes, we intend to invest the net proceeds in short-term, investment-grade securities.

 

S-10


 

DILUTION

 

The net tangible book value of our common stock as of June 30, 2020 was approximately $19.1 million, or approximately $0.36 per share. Net tangible book value per share is equal to the amount of our total tangible assets, less total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. Dilution in net tangible book value per share represents the difference between the amount per share paid by purchasers of shares of common stock in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately afterwards.

 

After giving effect to the sale by us of shares of our common stock in the aggregate amount of $25.0 million at an assumed offering price of $2.60 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on August 13, 2020 on the Nasdaq Capital Market, and after deducting underwriting commissions and estimated offering expenses, our net tangible book value as of June 30, 2020 would have been approximately $43.1 million, or $0.69 per share.  This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $0.33 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $1.91 per share to new investors purchasing shares of common stock in this offering. The following table illustrates this dilution:

 

Assumed offering price per share

 

 

 

$

2.60

 

Net tangible book value per share as of June 30, 2020

 

$

0.36

 

 

 

Increase per share attributable to new investors after giving effect to the offering

 

0.33

 

 

 

As adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering

 

 

 

0.69

 

Dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors

 

 

 

$

1.91

 

 

The table above assumes for illustrative purposes only an aggregate of 9,615,384 shares of our common stock are sold at a price of $2.60 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $25.0 million. The shares, if any, sold in this offering will be sold from time to time at various prices. An increase of $1.00 per share in the price at which the shares are sold from the assumed offering price per share shown in the table above, or $3.60 per share, assuming all of our common stock in the aggregate amount of $25.0 million is sold at that price, would increase our adjusted net tangible book value per share after the offering to $0.72 per share and would increase the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering to $2.88 per share, after deducting commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by us. A decrease of $1.00 per share in the price at which the shares are sold from the assumed offering price per share shown in the table above, or $1.60 per share, assuming all of our common stock in the aggregate amount of $25.0 million is sold at that price, would increase our adjusted net tangible book value per share after the offering to $0.63 per share and would decrease the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering to $0.97 per share, after deducting commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by us. This information is supplied for illustrative purposes only.

 

The calculations above are based on 53,112,681 shares of our common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2020 and exclude the following:

 

·                  1,174,760 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options as of June 30, 2020 granted under our equity incentive plans at a weighted average exercise price of $4.50 per share;

 

·                  3,645,968 shares of our common stock issuable upon the release of outstanding restricted stock units as of June 30, 2020 granted under our equity incentive plans with a weighted average grant date fair value of $2.64 per share;

 

·                  6,397,593 shares of our common stock available as of June 30, 2020 for issuance or future grant pursuant to our equity incentive plan; and

 

·                  2,065,165 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants as of June 30, 2020 at a weighted average exercise price of $4.85 per share.

 

From July 1, 2020 through August 13, 2020, we issued an aggregate of 186,438 shares of our common stock as a result of settlement of RSUs and an employee stock option exercise.

 

S-11


 

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

We have entered into an at-the-market equity offering sales agreement, or the Sales Agreement, with Stifel, under which we may issue and sell shares of our common stock, from time to time, through Stifel acting as sales agent. Pursuant to this prospectus supplement, we may sell shares of our common stock having aggregate gross proceeds of up to $25.0 million pursuant to the Sales Agreement. Stifel may sell the common stock by any method that is deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act.

 

Each time we wish to issue and sell common stock under the Sales Agreement, we will notify Stifel of the number of shares to be issued, the dates on which such sales are anticipated to be made and any minimum price below which sales may not be made. Once we have so instructed Stifel, unless Stifel declines to accept the terms of this notice, Stifel has agreed to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell such shares up to the amount specified on such terms. The obligations of Stifel under the Sales Agreement to sell our common stock are subject to a number of conditions that we must meet.

 

The settlement between us and Stifel is generally anticipated to occur on the second trading day following the date on which the sale was made. Sales of our common stock as contemplated in this prospectus supplement will be settled through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company or by such other means as we and Stifel may agree upon. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in an escrow, trust or similar arrangement.

 

We will pay Stifel a commission equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds we receive from the sales of our common stock under the Sales Agreement. Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to close this offering, the actual total public offering size, commissions and proceeds to us, if any, are not determinable at this time. In connection with the sale of the common stock on our behalf, Stifel will be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act, and the compensation of Stifel will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have agreed to provide indemnification and contribution to Stifel with respect to certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. We have also agreed to reimburse Stifel for certain expenses incurred in connection with the offering of our common stock pursuant to the sales agreement, up to a maximum of $50,000.  We estimate that our total expenses for the offering, excluding compensation payable to Stifel under the terms of the Sales Agreement, will be approximately $175,000.

 

The offering of our common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement will terminate upon the earlier of (i) the sale of all of our common stock provided for in this prospectus supplement or (ii) termination of the Sales Agreement as permitted therein. This summary of the material provisions of the Sales Agreement does not purport to be a complete statement of its terms and conditions. A copy of the Sales Agreement will be filed as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K and will be incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.

 

Stifel and its affiliates may in the future provide various investment banking, commercial banking and other financial services for us and our affiliates, for which services they may in the future receive customary fees.

 

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus in electronic format may be made available on a website maintained by Stifel and Stifel may distribute this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus electronically.

 

To the extent required by Regulation M, Stifel will not engage in any market making activities involving our common stock while the offering is ongoing under this prospectus supplement.

 

S-12


 

LEGAL MATTERS

 

The validity of the securities being offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Stubbs Alderton & Markiles, LLP, Sherman Oaks, California. Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C., Boston, Massachusetts, is acting as counsel for the placement agent in connection with certain legal matters relating to the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus supplement.

 

EXPERTS

 

The consolidated balance sheets of Resonant Inc. as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity and cash flows of Resonant Inc. for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2019, incorporated by reference in this prospectus have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of Crowe LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are part of registration statements on Form S-3 we filed with the SEC under the Securities Act and does not contain all the information set forth in the registration statement. Whenever a reference is made in this prospectus supplement to any of our contracts, agreements or other documents, the reference may not be complete and you should refer to the exhibits that are a part of the registration statement or the exhibits to the reports or other documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement for a copy of such contract, agreement or other document. Because we are subject to the information and reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, we file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our Internet address is www.resonant.com.  Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

S-13


 

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

 

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document that we have filed separately with the SEC. You should read the information incorporated by reference because it is an important part of this prospectus supplement. We incorporate by reference the following information or documents that we have filed with the SEC (Commission File No. 001-36467):

 

·                  our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 (filed on March 13, 2020), including the information specifically incorporated by reference in the Annual Report on Form 10-K from our definitive proxy statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, filed with the SEC on April 22, 2020;

 

·                  our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for our fiscal quarters ended March 31, 2020 (filed on May 7, 2020) and June 30, 2020 (filed on August 5, 2020);

 

·                  our Current Reports on Form 8-K, dated February 6, 2020 (filed on February 7, 2020); dated February 10, 2020 (filed on February 12, 2020); dated February 12, 2020 (filed on February 14, 2020); dated March 17, 2020 (filed on March 18, 2020); and dated June 9, 2020 (filed on June 10, 2020); and

 

·                  the description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A, as filed with the SEC on May 27, 2014, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

 

Any information in any of the foregoing documents will automatically be deemed to be modified or superseded to the extent that information in this prospectus supplement or in a later filed document that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference modifies or replaces such information.

 

We also incorporate by reference any future filings (other than current reports furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K and exhibits filed on such form that are related to such items) made with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, including all such reports filed after the date of this prospectus supplement until the completion or termination of the offering of the securities made by this prospectus supplement. Information in such future filings updates and supplements the information provided in this prospectus supplement. Any statements in any such future filings will automatically be deemed to modify and supersede any information in any document we previously filed with the SEC that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference to the extent that statements in the later filed document modify or replace such earlier statements.

 

We will furnish without charge to each person to whom a copy of this prospectus supplement is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of the documents that have been incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement, including exhibits to these documents.  You should direct any requests for copies to:

 

Resonant Inc.,
175 Cremona Drive, Suite 200
Goleta, California 93117
Attn:  Investor Relations
Telephone: (805) 308-9803.

 

S-14


 

PROSPECTUS

 

 

$50,000,000
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Debt Securities
Warrants
Units

 

From time to time, we may offer and sell up to $50,000,000 of any combination of the securities described in this prospectus, either individually or in combination with other securities. We may also offer common stock or preferred stock upon conversion of debt securities, common stock upon conversion of preferred stock, or common stock, preferred stock or debt securities upon the exercise of warrants.

 

We will provide the specific terms of these offerings and securities in one or more supplements to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as any documents incorporated by reference, before buying any of the securities being offered.

 

Our common stock is traded on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “RESN.” On November 9, 2018, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market was $3.23. The applicable prospectus supplement will contain information, where applicable, as to other listings, if any, on The NASDAQ Capital Market or other securities exchange of the securities covered by the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

 

This prospectus may not be used to offer or sell any securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

 

The securities may be sold directly by us to investors, through agents designated from time to time or to or through underwriters or dealers, on a continuous or delayed basis. For additional information on the methods of sale, you should refer to the section titled “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus. If any agents or underwriters are involved in the sale of any securities with respect to which this prospectus is being delivered, the names of such agents or underwriters and any applicable fees, commissions, discounts and over-allotment options will be set forth in a prospectus supplement. The price to the public of such securities and the net proceeds we expect to receive from such sale will also be set forth in a prospectus supplement.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

The date of this prospectus is November 29, 2018.

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

Page

 

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

3

RESONANT INC.

4

RISK FACTORS

5

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

5

THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER

6

USE OF PROCEEDS

9

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

9

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

12

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

19

DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

21

LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES

22

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

26

LEGAL MATTERS

27

EXPERTS

27

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

28

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

28

 

You should rely only on the information that we have provided or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representation. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. You should assume that the information in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front of the document and that any information we have incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus, or any sale of a security.

 

2


 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may offer shares of our common stock and preferred stock and various series of debt securities in one or more offerings, up to a total dollar amount of $50,000,000. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer.

 

Each time we offer a type or series of securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain more specific information about the terms of those securities. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to these offerings. We may also add, update or change in the prospectus supplement (and in any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) any of the information contained in this prospectus or in the documents that we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus. We urge you to carefully read this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” before buying any of the securities being offered.

 

THIS PROSPECTUS MAY NOT BE USED TO CONSUMMATE A SALE OF SECURITIES UNLESS IT IS ACCOMPANIED BY A PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.

 

The information appearing in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front of the document and any information we have incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus, or any sale of a security. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

 

This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”

 

This prospectus and the information incorporated herein by reference include trademarks, services marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectuses are the property of their respective owners.

 

Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” “our company,” and “Resonant” refer to Resonant Inc. and its subsidiaries.

 

3


 

RESONANT INC.

 

Resonant is a late-stage development company that has created an innovative software, intellectual property, or IP, and services platform that has the ability to increase designer efficiency, reduce the time to market and lower unit costs in the designs of filters for radio frequency, or RF, front-ends for the mobile device industry.  The RF front-end, or RFFE, is the circuitry in a mobile device responsible for analog signal processing and is located between the device’s antenna and its digital circuitry.  The software platform we are developing is based on fundamentally new technology that we call Infinite Synthesized Networks®, or ISN®, to configure and connect resonators, the building blocks of RF filters.  Filters are a critical component of the RF front-end used to select desired radio frequency signals and reject unwanted signals.  Our ISN® platform allows us to develop unique, custom designs that address the increasing complexity of the RFFE due to carrier aggregation (the combining of multiple frequencies into a single data stream to increase throughput through higher data rates), or CA, by both reducing the size of the filter and improving performance.  Our goal is to utilize our ISN® platform to support our customers in reducing their time to develop complex filter and module designs, to access new classes of filter designs, and to do it more cost effectively.

 

We are commercializing our technology through the creation of filter designs that address the problems in the high growth RFFE industry created by the growing number of frequency bands in mobile devices. The worldwide adoption of Long Term Evolution, or LTE, as the global standard, and the use of mobile devices to access the Internet, has resulted in massive proliferation of frequency bands which, when combined with CA for higher data rates and multiple input multiple output, or MIMO, has resulted in an ever-increasing number and complexity of filters in the RFFE.  We have developed and continue to expand a series of single-band designs for frequency bands presently dominated by larger and more expensive bulk acoustic wave, or BAW, filters.  We are also developing multiplexer filter designs for two or more bands to address the CA requirements of our customers. We are using our ISN® platform to efficiently integrate these designs into RF modules for our module customers.  Finally, we are developing unique filter designs, enabled by ISN®, to replace multiple filters and associated componentry for many bands, with higher performance. Currently, we are leveraging ISN® to develop these designs targeted for either the Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) or Temperature Compensated, Surface Acoustic Wave (TC-SAW) manufacturing processes.  In order to succeed, we must convince RFFE suppliers that our filter designs can significantly reduce the size and cost of their products.

 

We believe licensing our designs is the most direct and effective means of validating our ISN® platform and related IP libraries to address this rapidly growing market.  Our target customers make part or all of the RFFE.  We intend to retain ownership of our designs, and we expect to be compensated through license fees and royalties based on sales of RFFE filters that incorporate our designs.  We currently do not intend to manufacture or sell any physical products or operate as a contract design company developing designs for a fee.

 

We were incorporated in Delaware in January 2012. Our principal executive offices are located at 175 Cremona Drive, Suite 200, Goleta, California 93117, and our telephone number at this location is (805) 308-9803.  Our website address is www.resonant.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not a part of this prospectus.

 

4


 

RISK FACTORS

 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before deciding whether to invest in our securities, you should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and discussed under the section titled “Risk Factors” contained in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as any amendments thereto reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC, which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus in their entirety, together with other information in this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize for use in connection with a specific offering. The risks described in these documents are not the only ones we face, but those that we consider to be material. There may be other unknown or unpredictable economic, business, competitive, regulatory or other factors that could have material adverse effects on our future results. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow could be seriously harmed. This could cause the trading price of our securities to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment. Please also read carefully the section below titled “Forward-Looking Statements.”

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, or Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or Exchange Act. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those concerning the following:

 

·                  our ability to fund our planned operations and implement our business plan;

 

·                  the status of filter designs under development;

 

·                  the prospects for licensing filter designs upon completion of development;

 

·                  plans for other filter designs not currently in development;

 

·                  potential customers for our designs;

 

·                  the timing and amount of future royalty streams;

 

·                  our plans regarding the use of proceeds from our equity financings and the expected duration of our capital resources;

 

·                  our plans regarding future financings;

 

·                  our hiring plans;

 

·                  the impact of our designs on the mobile device market;

 

·                  our business strategy;

 

·                  our intentions, expectations and beliefs regarding anticipated growth, market penetration and trends in our business;

 

·                  the timing and success of our plan of commercialization;

 

·                  our dependence on growth in our customers’ businesses;

 

·                  our customers’ success in marketing products incorporating our designs to their customers;

 

·                  the effects of market conditions on our stock price and operating results;

 

·                  our ability to maintain our competitive technological advantages against competitors in our industry and the related costs associated with defending intellectual property infringement and other claims;

 

5


 

·                  our ability to timely and effectively adapt our existing technology and have our technology solutions gain market acceptance;

 

·                  our ability to introduce new filter designs and bring them to market in a timely manner;

 

·                  our ability to maintain, protect and enhance our intellectual property;

 

·                  our expectations concerning our relationships with our customers and other third parties and our customers’ relationships with their manufacturers;

 

·                  the attraction and retention of qualified employees and key personnel;

 

·                  future acquisitions of or investments in complementary companies or technologies; and

 

·                  our ability to comply with evolving legal standards and regulations, particularly concerning requirements for being a public company and United States export regulations.

 

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “anticipates,” “believes”, “could”, “estimates”, “expects”, “intends”, “may”, “plans”, “potential”, “predicts”, “projects”, “should”, “will”, “would” as well as similar expressions. Forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to future events, are based on assumptions and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other important factors. We discuss many of these risks, uncertainties and other important factors in greater detail under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and in our most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q, as well as any amendments thereto reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC. Given these risks, uncertainties and other important factors, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Also, these forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date such forward-looking statements are made. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements publicly, or to reflect facts and circumstances after the date of this prospectus.  Before deciding to purchase our securities, you should carefully read both this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.

 

THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER

 

We may offer shares of our common stock and preferred stock, various series of debt securities and/or warrants to purchase any of such securities, either individually or in combination with other securities, with a total value of up to $50,000,000 from time to time under this prospectus, together with the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of any offering. We may also offer common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities upon the exercise of warrants. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer a type or series of securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices and other important terms of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

 

·                  designation or classification;

 

·                  aggregate principal amount or aggregate offering price;

 

·                  maturity, if applicable;

 

·                  original issue discount, if any;

 

·                  rates and times of payment of interest or dividends, if any;

 

6


 

·                  redemption, conversion, exercise, exchange or sinking fund terms, if any;

 

·                  ranking;

 

·                  restrictive covenants, if any;

 

·                  voting or other rights, if any;

 

·                  conversion prices, if any; and

 

·                  important United States federal income tax considerations.

 

The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus or in documents we have incorporated by reference. However, no prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus will offer a security that is not registered and described in this prospectus at the time of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

 

THIS PROSPECTUS MAY NOT BE USED TO CONSUMMATE A SALE OF SECURITIES UNLESS IT IS ACCOMPANIED BY A PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.

 

We may sell the securities directly to investors or to or through agents, underwriters or dealers. We, and our agents or underwriters, reserve the right to accept or reject all or part of any proposed purchase of securities. If we do offer securities to or through agents or underwriters, we will include in the applicable prospectus supplement:

 

·                  the names of those agents or underwriters;

 

·                  applicable fees, discounts and commissions to be paid to them;

 

·                  details regarding over-allotment options, if any; and

 

·                  the net proceeds to us.

 

Common Stock.  We may issue shares of our common stock from time to time. The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends as may be declared by our board of directors out of legally available funds. Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets legally available for distribution to stockholders remaining after payment of liabilities and the liquidation preferences of any outstanding shares of preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive rights and no right to convert their common stock into any other securities. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. When we issue shares of common stock under this prospectus, the shares will be fully paid and non-assessable. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock which we may designate in the future. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the common stock under “Description of Capital Stock—Common Stock.” We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to any common stock being offered.

 

7


 

Preferred Stock.  We may issue shares of our preferred stock from time to time, in one or more series. Our board of directors will determine the designations, powers, preferences and rights of the preferred stock, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, including dividend rights, conversion rights, preemptive rights, voting rights, terms of redemption or repurchase, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of any series. Convertible preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock or exchangeable for our other securities. Conversion may be mandatory or at your option and would be at prescribed conversion rates. We will fix the designations, powers, preferences and rights of the preferred stock of each series, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, in the certificate of designation relating to that series.

 

If we sell any series of preferred stock under this prospectus, we will fix the designations, powers, preferences and rights of such series of preferred stock, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock we are offering before the issuance of the related series of preferred stock. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the preferred stock under “Description of Capital Stock—Preferred Stock.” We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the series of preferred stock being offered, as well as the complete certificate of designation that contains the terms of the applicable series of preferred stock.

 

Debt Securities.  We may issue debt securities from time to time, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. The senior debt securities will rank equally with any other unsecured and unsubordinated debt. The subordinated debt securities will be subordinate and junior in right of payment, to the extent and in the manner described in the instrument governing the debt, to all of our senior indebtedness. Convertible debt securities will be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or our other securities. Conversion may be mandatory or at the holder’s option and would be at prescribed conversion rates.

 

The debt securities will be issued under an indenture that we will enter into with a national banking association or other eligible party, as trustee. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the debt securities under “Description of Debt Securities.” We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the series of debt securities being offered, as well as the complete indenture and any supplemental indentures that contain the terms of the debt securities. We have filed the form of indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

 

Warrants.  We may issue warrants for the purchase of common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities in one or more series. We may issue warrants independently or in combination with common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the warrants under “Description of Warrants.” We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the particular series of warrants being offered, as well as the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that contain the terms of the warrants. We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that contain the terms of the particular series of warrants we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of such warrants.

 

Warrants may be issued under a warrant agreement that we enter into with a warrant agent. We will indicate the name and address of the warrant agent, if any, in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of warrants.

 

8


 

Units. We may issue units consisting of common stock, preferred stock, debt securities and/or warrants to purchase any of such securities in one or more series. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the units under “Description of Units.” We urge you, however, to read the prospectus supplements and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you related to the series of units being offered, as well as the unit agreements that contain the terms of the units. We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from a current report on Form 8-K that we file with the SEC, the form of unit agreement and any supplemental agreements that describe the terms of the series of units we are offering before the issuance of such units.

 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

Except as described in any prospectus supplement or in any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you, we currently intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered hereby for working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes, and for product development.  We also may use a portion of the proceeds to finance potential acquisitions and investments in companies or products that are complementary to our business if and when suitable opportunities arise; however, we currently have no commitments or agreements with respect to any such transactions.  Pending these uses, we expect to invest the net proceeds in short-term, investment-grade securities.

 

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

 

Our authorized capital stock consists of 47,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, and 3,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value. As of November 9, 2018, there were 27,090,893 shares of common stock outstanding and no shares of preferred stock outstanding.

 

The following summary description of our capital stock is based on the provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and the applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law. This information is qualified entirely by reference to the applicable provisions of our certificate of incorporation, bylaws and the Delaware General Corporation Law.  For information on how to obtain copies of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, which are exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, see “Where You Can Find More Information.”

 

Common Stock

 

The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders. Our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably only those dividends as may be declared by our board of directors out of legally available funds. Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities and the liquidation preferences of any outstanding shares of preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive or other subscription or conversion rights. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. Shares of our common stock outstanding, and to be issued, are, and will be, fully paid and non-assessable.  Additional shares of authorized common stock may be issued, as authorized by our board of directors from time to time, without stockholder approval, except as may be required by applicable stock exchange requirements.

 

Preferred Stock

 

Pursuant to our certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders (unless such stockholder action is required by applicable law or the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market), to designate and issue up to 3,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series, to fix the designations, powers, preferences and rights of the shares of each wholly unissued series, and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, and to increase or decrease the number of shares of any such series, but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding. Shares of our preferred stock, if issued, will be fully paid and non-assessable.

 

9


 

We will fix the designations, powers, preferences and rights of the preferred stock of each series, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock we are offering before the issuance of that series of preferred stock. This description will include:

 

·                  the title and stated value;

 

·                  the number of shares we are offering;

 

·                  the liquidation preference per share;

 

·                  the purchase price;

 

·                  the dividend rate, period and payment date and method of calculation for dividends;

 

·                  whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;

 

·                  the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any;

 

·                  the provisions for a sinking fund, if any;

 

·                  the provisions for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;

 

·                  any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;

 

·                  whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, and, if applicable, the conversion price, or how it will be calculated, and the conversion period;

 

·                  whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities, and, if applicable, the exchange price, or how it will be calculated, and the exchange period;

 

·                  voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock;

 

·                  preemptive rights, if any;

 

·                  restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any;

 

·                  whether interests in the preferred stock will be represented by depositary shares;

 

·                  a discussion of any material United States federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;

 

·                  the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;

 

·                  any limitations on the issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and

 

·                  any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the preferred stock.

 

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The General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or DGCL, the state of our incorporation, provides that the holders of preferred stock will have the right to vote separately as a class (or, in some cases, as a series) on an amendment to our certificate of incorporation if the amendment would change the par value or, unless the certificate of incorporation provided otherwise, the number of authorized shares of the class or change the powers, preferences or special rights of the class or series so as to adversely affect the class or series, as the case may be. This right is in addition to any voting rights that may be provided for in the applicable certificate of designation.

 

Our board of directors may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of our common stock. Preferred stock could be issued quickly with terms designed to delay or prevent a change in control of our company or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of decreasing the market price of our common stock.

 

Anti-takeover Effects of Provisions of Charter Documents and Delaware Law

 

Charter Documents. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could discourage potential takeover attempts and make it more difficult for stockholders to change management, which could adversely affect the market place of our common stock.

 

Our certificate of incorporation limits the personal liability for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty of our directors to Resonant and our stockholders to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law. The inclusion of this provision in our certificate of incorporation may reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and may discourage or deter stockholders or management from bringing a lawsuit against directors for breach of their fiduciary duty.

 

Our certificate of incorporation provides that all stockholder action must be effected at a meeting of stockholders and not by a consent in writing. In addition, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that, except as otherwise expressly provided by the terms of any series of preferred stock permitting the holders of such series of preferred stock to call a special meeting of the holders of such series, special meetings of stockholders of Resonant may be called only by the board of directors, the chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer or the president (in the absence of a chief executive officer). Finally, our bylaws establish procedures, including advance notice procedures, with regard to the nomination of candidates for election as directors and stockholder proposals.

 

Delaware Law. We are subject to Section 203 of DGCL, which prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, with the following exceptions:

 

·                  before such date, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested holder;

 

·                  upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction began, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those shares owned (i) by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

 

·                  on or after such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.

 

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In general, Section 203 defines business combination to include the following:

 

·                  any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

 

·                  any sale, lease, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation to or with the interested stockholder;

 

·                  subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

 

·                  any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock or any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; or

 

·                  the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loss, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits by or through the corporation.

 

In general, Section 203 defines interested stockholder as an entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation or any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by such entity or person.

 

Although Section 203 permits us to elect not to be governed by its provisions, we have not made this election. As a result of the application of Section 203, potential acquirers of Resonant may be discouraged from attempting to effect an acquisition transaction with us, thereby possibly depriving holders of our securities of certain opportunities to sell or otherwise dispose of such securities at above-market prices pursuant to such transactions.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare Limited, P.O. Box 30170, College Station, TX 77842, and its telephone number is (800) 368-5948.  The transfer agent for any series of preferred stock that we may offer under this prospectus will be named and described in the prospectus supplement for that series.

 

Listing on The NASDAQ Capital Market

 

Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “RESN.”

 

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

 

We may issue debt securities, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any debt securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any debt securities offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. Unless the context requires otherwise, whenever we refer to the indentures, we also are referring to any supplemental indentures that specify the terms of a particular series of debt securities.

 

We will issue the debt securities under the indenture that we will enter into with the trustee named in the indenture. The indenture will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or the Trust Indenture Act. We have filed the form of indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.  We use the term “debenture trustee” to refer to the trustee under the indenture.

 

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The following summaries of material provisions of the debt securities and the indentures are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities.  We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements and any related free writing prospectuses related to the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as the complete indentures that contains the terms of the debt securities.

 

General

 

The indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue. It provides that we may issue debt securities up to the principal amount that we may authorize and may be in any currency or currency unit that we may designate. Except for the limitations on consolidation, merger and sale of all or substantially all of our assets contained in the indenture, the terms of the indenture do not contain any covenants or other provisions designed to give holders of any debt securities protection against changes in our operations and financial condition or transactions involving us.

 

We may issue the debt securities issued under the indenture as “discount securities,” which means they may be sold at a discount below their stated principal amount. These debt securities, as well as other debt securities that are not issued at a discount, may be issued with “original issue discount,” or OID, for U.S. federal income tax purposes because of interest payment and other characteristics or terms of the debt securities. Material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to debt securities issued with OID will be described in more detail in any applicable prospectus supplement.

 

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of debt securities being offered, including:

 

·                  the title of the series of debt securities;

 

·                  any limit upon the aggregate principal amount that may be issued;

 

·                  the maturity date or dates;

 

·                  the form of the debt securities of the series;

 

·                  the applicability of any guarantees;

 

·                  whether or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;

 

·                  whether the debt securities rank as senior debt, senior subordinated debt, subordinated debt or any combination thereof, and the terms of any subordination;

 

·                  if the price (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount thereof) at which such debt securities will be issued is a price other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof, or if applicable, the portion of the principal amount of such debt securities that is convertible into another security or the method by which any such portion shall be determined;

 

·                  the interest rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;

 

·                  our right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;

 

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·                  if applicable, the date or dates after which, or the period or periods during which, and the price or prices at which, we may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption provisions;

 

·                  the date or dates, if any, on which, and the price or prices at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder’s option to purchase, the series of debt securities and the currency or currency unit in which the debt securities are payable;

 

·                  the denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof;

 

·                  any and all terms, if applicable, relating to any auction or remarketing of the debt securities of that series and any security for our obligations with respect to such debt securities and any other terms which may be advisable in connection with the marketing of debt securities of that series;

 

·                  whether the debt securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a global security or securities; the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such global security or securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual securities; and the depositary for such global security or securities;

 

·                  if applicable, the provisions relating to conversion or exchange of any debt securities of the series and the terms and conditions upon which such debt securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the conversion or exchange price, as applicable, or how it will be calculated and may be adjusted, any mandatory or optional (at our option or the holders’ option) conversion or exchange features, the applicable conversion or exchange period and the manner of settlement for any conversion or exchange;

 

·                  if other than the full principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of debt securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof;

 

·                  additions to or changes in the covenants applicable to the particular debt securities being issued, including, among others, the consolidation, merger or sale covenant;

 

·                  additions to or changes in the events of default with respect to the securities and any change in the right of the debenture trustee or the holders to declare the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with respect to such securities to be due and payable;

 

·                  additions to or changes in or deletions of the provisions relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance;

 

·                  additions to or changes in the provisions relating to satisfaction and discharge of the indenture;

 

·                  additions to or changes in the provisions relating to the modification of the indenture both with and without the consent of holders of debt securities issued under the indenture;

 

·                  the currency of payment of debt securities if other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S. dollars;

 

·                  whether interest will be payable in cash or additional debt securities at our or the holders’ option and the terms and conditions upon which the election may be made;

 

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·                  the terms and conditions, if any, upon which we will pay amounts in addition to the stated interest, premium, if any and principal amounts of the debt securities of the series to any holder that is not a “United States person” for federal tax purposes;

 

·                  any restrictions on transfer, sale or assignment of the debt securities of the series; and

 

·                  any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the debt securities, any other additions or changes in the provisions of the indenture, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations.

 

Conversion or Exchange Rights

 

We will set forth in the prospectus supplement the terms on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or our other securities. We will include provisions as to whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock or our other securities that the holders of the series of debt securities receive would be subject to adjustment.

 

Consolidation, Merger or Sale

 

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the indenture will not contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of our assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety. However, any successor to or acquirer of such assets (other than a subsidiary of ours) must assume all of our obligations under the indenture or the debt securities, as appropriate.

 

Events of Default Under the Indenture

 

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the following are events of default under the indenture with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue:

 

·                  if we fail to pay interest when due and payable and our failure continues for 90 days and the time for payment has not been extended or deferred;

 

·                  if we fail to pay the principal, premium or sinking fund payment, if any, when due and payable and the time for payment has not been extended or delayed;

 

·                  if we fail to observe or perform any other covenant contained in the debt securities or the indentures, other than a covenant specifically relating to another series of debt securities, and our failure continues for 90 days after we receive notice from the debenture trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable series; and

 

·                  if specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur.

 

If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series occurs and is continuing, other than an event of default specified in the last bullet point above, the debenture trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, by notice to us in writing, and to the debenture trustee if notice is given by such holders, may declare the unpaid principal of, premium, if any and accrued interest, if any, due and payable immediately. If an event of default specified in the last bullet point above occurs with respect to us, the principal amount of and accrued interest, if any, of each issue of debt securities then outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the debenture trustee or any holder.

 

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The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of an affected series may waive any default or event of default with respect to the series and its consequences, except defaults or events of default regarding payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, unless we have cured the default or event of default in accordance with the indenture. Any waiver shall cure the default or event of default.

 

Subject to the terms of the indenture, if an event of default under an indenture shall occur and be continuing, the debenture trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of debt securities, unless such holders have offered the debenture trustee reasonable indemnity. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the debenture trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the debenture trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series, provided that:

 

·                  the direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; and

 

·                  subject to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, the debenture trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding.

 

A holder of the debt securities of any series will have the right to institute a proceeding under the indentures or to appoint a receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies only if:

 

·                  the holder has given written notice to the debenture trustee of a continuing event of default with respect to that series;

 

·                  the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, and such holders have offered reasonable indemnity to the debenture trustee to institute the proceeding as trustee; and

 

·                  the debenture trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series other conflicting directions within 90 days after the notice, request and offer.

 

These limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of debt securities if we default in the payment of the principal, premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities.

 

We will periodically file statements with the debenture trustee regarding our compliance with specified covenants in the indentures.

 

Modification of Indenture; Waiver

 

We and the debenture trustee may change an indenture without the consent of any holders with respect to specific matters:

 

·                  to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture or in the debt securities of any series;

 

·                  to comply with the provisions described above under “Description of Debt Securities—Consolidation, Merger or Sale;”

 

·                  to provide for uncertificated debt securities in addition to or in place of certificated debt securities;

 

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·                  to add to our covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities, to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of default or to surrender any right or power conferred upon us in the indenture;

 

·                  to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of debt securities, as set forth in the indenture;

 

·                  to make any change that does not adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities of any series in any material respect;

 

·                  to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the debt securities of any series as provided above under “Description of Debt Securities—General” to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the indenture or any series of debt securities, or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of debt securities;

 

·                  to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment under any indenture by a successor trustee; or

 

·                  to comply with any requirements of the SEC in connection with the qualification of any indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939.

 

In addition, under the indenture, the rights of holders of a series of debt securities may be changed by us and the debenture trustee with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series that is affected. However, unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, we and the debenture trustee may make the following changes only with the consent of each holder of any outstanding debt securities affected:

 

·                  extending the fixed maturity of the series of debt securities;

 

·                  reducing the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of payment of interest, or reducing any premium payable upon the redemption of any debt securities; or

 

·                  reducing the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any amendment, supplement, modification or waiver.

 

Discharge

 

Each indenture provides that we can elect to be discharged from our obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities, except for specified obligations, including obligations to:

 

·                  provide for payment;

 

·                  register the transfer or exchange of debt securities of the series;

 

·                  replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the series;

 

·                  pay principal of and premium and interest on any debt securities of the series;

 

·                  maintain paying agencies;

 

·                  hold monies for payment in trust;

 

·                  recover excess money held by the trustee;

 

·                  compensate and indemnify the trustee; and

 

·                  appoint any successor trustee.

 

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In order to exercise our rights to be discharged, we must deposit with the debenture trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, any premium, if any, and interest on, the debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.

 

Form, Exchange and Transfer

 

We will issue the debt securities of each series only in fully registered form without coupons and, unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The indenture provides that we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent global form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company or another depositary named by us and identified in a prospectus supplement with respect to that series. See “Legal Ownership of Securities” for a further description of the terms relating to any book-entry securities.

 

At the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of any series of debt securities can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.

 

Subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the debt securities may present the debt securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this purpose. Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange, we will impose no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.

 

We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement the security registrar, and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each series.

 

If we elect to redeem the debt securities of any series, we will not be required to:

 

·                  issue, register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of that series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any debt securities that may be selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of the mailing; or

 

·                  register the transfer of or exchange any debt securities so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt securities we are redeeming in part.

 

Information Concerning the Debenture Trustee

 

The debenture trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under an indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable indenture. Upon an event of default under an indenture, the debenture trustee must use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject to this provision, the debenture trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given it by the indentures at the request of any holder of debt securities unless it is offered reasonable security and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.

 

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Payment and Paying Agents

 

Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose name the debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on the regular record date for the interest.

 

We will pay principal of and any premium and interest on the debt securities of a particular series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make interest payments by check that we will mail to the holder or by wire transfer to certain holders. Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will designate the corporate trust office of the debenture trustee in New York City as our sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series. We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any other paying agents that we initially designate for the debt securities of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.

 

All money we pay to a paying agent or the debenture trustee for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any debt securities that remains unclaimed at the end of two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holder of the debt security thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.

 

Governing Law

 

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the indentures and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is applicable.

 

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

 

The following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplement and free writing prospectus, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, which may consist of warrants to purchase common stock, preferred stock or debt securities and may be issued in one or more series. Warrants may be offered independently or in combination with common stock, preferred stock or debt securities offered by any prospectus supplement. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The following description of warrants will apply to the warrants offered by this prospectus unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement. The applicable prospectus supplement for a particular series of warrants may specify different or additional terms.

 

We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that contain the terms of the particular series of warrants we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of such warrants. The following summaries of material terms and provisions of the warrants are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, and any supplemental agreements applicable to a particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement related to the particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as any related free writing prospectus, and the complete form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, and any supplemental agreements, that contain the terms of the warrants.

 

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General

 

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of warrants being offered, including:

 

·                  the offering price and aggregate number of warrants offered;

 

·                  the currency for which the warrants may be purchased;

 

·                  if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each such security or each principal amount of such security;

 

·                  in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of one warrant and the price at, and currency in which, this principal amount of debt securities may be purchased upon such exercise;

 

·                  in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock, as the case may be, purchasable upon the exercise of one warrant and the price at which these shares may be purchased upon such exercise;

 

·                  the effect of any merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of our business on the warrant agreements and the warrants;

 

·                  the terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;

 

·                  any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price or number of securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants;

 

·                  the dates on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and expire;

 

·                  the manner in which the warrant agreements and warrants may be modified;

 

·                  a discussion of material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations, if any, of holding or exercising the warrants;

 

·                  the terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants; and

 

·                  any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of or restrictions on the warrants.

 

Before exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise, including:

 

·                  in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the right to receive payments of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities purchasable upon exercise or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture; or

 

·                  in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the right to receive dividends, if any, or payments upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise voting rights, if any.

 

Exercise of Warrants

 

Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase the securities that we specify in the applicable prospectus supplement at the exercise price that we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement. The warrants may be exercised as set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the warrants offered. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the warrants offered thereby. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.

 

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Upon receipt of payment and the warrant or warrant certificate, as applicable, properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent, if any, or any other office, including ours, indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will, as soon as practicable, issue and deliver the securities purchasable upon such exercise. If less than all of the warrants (or the warrants represented by such warrant certificate) are exercised, a new warrant or a new warrant certificate, as applicable, will be issued for the remaining warrants.

 

Governing Law

 

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the warrants and any warrant agreements will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California.

 

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Warrants

 

Each warrant agent, if any, will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants.

 

Outstanding Warrants

 

As of October 31, 2018, there were 3,385,100 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants at a weighted-average exercise price of $4.55 per share.  The warrants may be exercised for cash or, under certain circumstances, on a cashless basis, in which case we will deliver, upon exercise, the number of shares with respect to which the warrant is being exercised reduced by a number of shares having a value (as determined in accordance with the terms of the applicable warrant) equal to the aggregate exercise price of the shares with respect to which the warrant is being exercised.

 

DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

 

The following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplements and free writing prospectuses, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the units that we may offer under this prospectus. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any units that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of units in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any units offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. However, no prospectus supplement will fundamentally change the terms that are set forth in this prospectus or offer a security that is not registered and described in this prospectus at the time of its effectiveness.

 

We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from a current report on Form 8-K that we file with the SEC, the form of unit agreement that describes the terms of the series of units we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of the related series of units. The following summaries of material terms and provisions of the units are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the unit agreement and any supplemental agreements applicable to a particular series of units. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the particular series of units that we sell under this prospectus, as well as the complete unit agreement and any supplemental agreements that contain the terms of the units.

 

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General

 

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of units being offered, including:

 

·                  the offering price and aggregate number of units offered;

 

·                  the currency for which the units may be purchased;

 

·                  if applicable, the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;

 

·                  a discussion of material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations, if any, of holding the units; and

 

·                  any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of or restrictions on the units.

 

The provisions described in this section, as well as those described under “Description of Capital Stock,” “Description of Debt Securities” and “Description of Warrants” will apply to each unit and to any common stock, preferred stock, debt security or warrant included in each unit, respectively.

 

Governing Law

 

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the units and any unit agreements will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California.

 

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Units

 

Each unit agent, if any, will act solely as our agent under the applicable unit agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any unit. A single bank or trust company may act as unit agent for more than one series of units. A unit agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable unit agreement or unit, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a unit may, without the consent of the related unit agent or the holder of any other unit, enforce by appropriate legal action its rights as holder under any security included in the unit.

 

LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES

 

We can issue securities in registered form or in the form of one or more global securities. We describe global securities in greater detail below. We refer to those persons who have securities registered in their own names on the books that we or any applicable trustee, depositary or warrant agent maintain for this purpose as the “holders” of those securities. These persons are the legal holders of the securities. We refer to those persons who, indirectly through others, own beneficial interests in securities that are not registered in their own names, as “indirect holders” of those securities. As we discuss below, indirect holders are not legal holders, and investors in securities issued in book-entry form or in street name will be indirect holders.

 

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Book-Entry Holders

 

We may issue securities in book-entry form only, as we will specify in the applicable prospectus supplement. This means securities may be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a financial institution that holds them as depositary on behalf of other financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system. These participating institutions, which are referred to as participants, in turn, hold beneficial interests in the securities on behalf of themselves or their customers.

 

Only the person in whose name a security is registered is recognized as the holder of that security. Securities issued in global form will be registered in the name of the depositary or its participants. Consequently, for securities issued in global form, we will recognize only the depositary as the holder of the securities, and we will make all payments on the securities to the depositary. The depositary passes along the payments it receives to its participants, which in turn pass the payments along to their customers who are the beneficial owners. The depositary and its participants do so under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers; they are not obligated to do so under the terms of the securities.

 

As a result, investors in a book-entry security will not own securities directly. Instead, they will own beneficial interests in a global security, through a bank, broker or other financial institution that participates in the depositary’s book-entry system or holds an interest through a participant. As long as the securities are issued in global form, investors will be indirect holders, and not holders, of the securities.

 

Street Name Holders

 

We may terminate a global security or issue securities in non-global form. In these cases, investors may choose to hold their securities in their own names or in “street name.” Securities held by an investor in street name would be registered in the name of a bank, broker or other financial institution that the investor chooses, and the investor would hold only a beneficial interest in those securities through an account he or she maintains at that institution.

 

For securities held in street name, we will recognize only the intermediary banks, brokers and other financial institutions in whose names the securities are registered as the holders of those securities, and we will make all payments on those securities to them. These institutions pass along the payments they receive to their customers who are the beneficial owners, but only because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required to do so. Investors who hold securities in street name will be indirect holders, not holders, of those securities.

 

Legal Holders

 

Our obligations, as well as the obligations of any applicable trustee and of any third parties employed by us or a trustee, run only to the legal holders of the securities. We do not have obligations to investors who hold beneficial interests in global securities, in street name or by any other indirect means. This will be the case whether an investor chooses to be an indirect holder of a security or has no choice because we are issuing the securities only in global form.

 

For example, once we make a payment or give a notice to the holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment or notice even if that holder is required, under agreements with depositary participants or customers or by law, to pass it along to the indirect holders but does not do so. Similarly, we may want to obtain the approval of the holders to amend an indenture, to relieve us of the consequences of a default or of our obligation to comply with a particular provision of the indenture or for other purposes. In such an event, we would seek approval only from the holders, and not the indirect holders, of the securities. Whether and how the holders contact the indirect holders is up to the holders.

 

Special Considerations For Indirect Holders

 

If you hold securities through a bank, broker or other financial institution, either in book-entry form or in street name, you should check with your own institution to find out:

 

·                  how it handles securities payments and notices;

 

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·                  whether it imposes fees or charges;

 

·                  how it would handle a request for the holders’ consent, if ever required;

 

·                  whether and how you can instruct it to send you securities registered in your own name so you can be a holder, if that is permitted in the future;

 

·                  how it would exercise rights under the securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests; and

 

·                  if the securities are in book-entry form, how the depositary’s rules and procedures will affect these matters.

 

Global Securities

 

A global security is a security that represents one or any other number of individual securities held by a depositary. Generally, all securities represented by the same global securities will have the same terms.

 

Each security issued in book-entry form will be represented by a global security that we deposit with and register in the name of a financial institution or its nominee that we select. The financial institution that we select for this purpose is called the depositary. Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, known as DTC, will be the depositary for all securities issued in book-entry form.

 

A global security may not be transferred to or registered in the name of anyone other than the depositary, its nominee or a successor depositary, unless special termination situations arise. We describe those situations below under “Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated.” As a result of these arrangements, the depositary, or its nominee, will be the sole registered owner and holder of all securities represented by a global security, and investors will be permitted to own only beneficial interests in a global security. Beneficial interests must be held by means of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary or with another institution that does. Thus, an investor whose security is represented by a global security will not be a holder of the security, but only an indirect holder of a beneficial interest in the global security.

 

If the prospectus supplement for a particular security indicates that the security will be issued in global form only, then the security will be represented by a global security at all times unless and until the global security is terminated. If termination occurs, we may issue the securities through another book-entry clearing system or decide that the securities may no longer be held through any book-entry clearing system.

 

Special Considerations For Global Securities

 

The rights of an indirect holder relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. We do not recognize an indirect holder as a holder of securities and instead deal only with the depositary that holds the global security.

 

If securities are issued only in the form of a global security, an investor should be aware of the following:

 

·                  an investor cannot cause the securities to be registered in his or her name, and cannot obtain non-global certificates for his or her interest in the securities, except in the special situations we describe below;

 

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·                  an investor will be an indirect holder and must look to his or her own bank or broker for payments on the securities and protection of his or her legal rights relating to the securities, as we describe above;

 

·                  an investor may not be able to sell interests in the securities to some insurance companies and to other institutions that are required by law to own their securities in non-book-entry form;

 

·                  an investor may not be able to pledge his or her interest in a global security in circumstances where certificates representing the securities must be delivered to the lender or other beneficiary of the pledge in order for the pledge to be effective;

 

·                  the depositary’s policies, which may change from time to time, will govern payments, transfers, exchanges and other matters relating to an investor’s interest in a global security;

 

·                  we and any applicable trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in a global security, nor do we or any applicable trustee supervise the depositary in any way;

 

·                  the depositary may, and we understand that DTC will, require that those who purchase and sell interests in a global security within its book-entry system use immediately available funds, and your broker or bank may require you to do so as well; and

 

·                  financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system, and through which an investor holds its interest in a global security, may also have their own policies affecting payments, notices and other matters relating to the securities.

 

There may be more than one financial intermediary in the chain of ownership for an investor. We do not monitor and are not responsible for the actions of any of those intermediaries.

 

Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated

 

In a few special situations described below, the global security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing those interests. After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold securities directly or in street name will be up to the investor. Investors must consult their own banks or brokers to find out how to have their interests in securities transferred to their own name, so that they will be direct holders. We have described the rights of holders and street name investors above.

 

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the global security will terminate when the following special situations occur:

 

·                  if the depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as depositary for that global security and we do not appoint another institution to act as depositary within 90 days;

 

·                  if we notify any applicable trustee that we wish to terminate that global security; or

 

·                  if an event of default has occurred with regard to securities represented by that global security and has not been cured or waived.

 

The prospectus supplement may also list additional situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to the particular series of securities covered by the applicable prospectus supplement. When a global security terminates, the depositary, and not we or any applicable trustee, is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

We may sell the securities from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, “at the market” offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods. We may sell the securities to or through underwriters or dealers, through agents, or directly to one or more purchasers. We may distribute securities from time to time in one or more transactions:

 

·                  at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;

 

·                  at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;

 

·                  at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or

 

·                  at negotiated prices.

 

A prospectus supplement or supplements (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) will describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

 

·                  the name or names of the underwriters, if any;

 

·                  the purchase price of the securities or other consideration therefor, and the proceeds, if any, we will receive from the sale;

 

·                  any over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us;

 

·                  any agency fees or underwriting discounts and other items constituting agents’ or underwriters’ compensation;

 

·                  any public offering price;

 

·                  any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and

 

·                  any securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed.

 

Only underwriters named in the prospectus supplement will be underwriters of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement.

 

If underwriters are used in the sale, they will acquire the securities for their own account and may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to the conditions set forth in the applicable underwriting agreement. We may offer the securities to the public through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or by underwriters without a syndicate. Subject to certain conditions, the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement, other than securities covered by any over-allotment option. Any public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers may change from time to time. We may use underwriters with whom we have a material relationship. We will describe in the prospectus supplement, naming the underwriter, the nature of any such relationship.

 

We may sell securities directly or through agents we designate from time to time. We will name any agent involved in the offering and sale of securities and we will describe any commissions we will pay the agent in the prospectus supplement. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, our agent will act on a best-efforts basis for the period of its appointment.

 

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We may authorize agents or underwriters to solicit offers by certain types of institutional investors to purchase securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. We will describe the conditions to these contracts and the commissions we must pay for solicitation of these contracts in the prospectus supplement.

 

We may provide agents and underwriters with indemnification against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribution with respect to payments that the agents or underwriters may make with respect to these liabilities. Agents and underwriters may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of business.

 

All securities we may offer, other than common stock, will be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters may make a market in these securities, but will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We cannot guarantee the liquidity of the trading markets for any securities.

 

Any underwriter may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, short-covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Over-allotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum price. Syndicate-covering or other short-covering transactions involve purchases of the securities, either through exercise of the over-allotment option or in the open market after the distribution is completed, to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a stabilizing or covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would otherwise be. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time.

 

Any underwriters that are qualified market makers on The NASDAQ Capital Market may engage in passive market making transactions in the common stock on The NASDAQ Capital Market in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act, during the business day prior to the pricing of the offering, before the commencement of offers or sales of the common stock. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, however, the passive market maker’s bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded. Passive market making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

 

LEGAL MATTERS

 

The validity of the securities being offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Stubbs Alderton & Markiles, LLP, Sherman Oaks, California.

 

EXPERTS

 

The consolidated balance sheet of Resonant Inc. as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows of Resonant Inc. for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2017, incorporated by reference in this prospectus have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of Crowe LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

This prospectus is part of the registration statement on Form S-3 we filed with the SEC under the Securities Act and does not contain all the information set forth in the registration statement. Whenever a reference is made in this prospectus to any of our contracts, agreements or other documents, the reference may not be complete and you should refer to the exhibits that are a part of the registration statement or the exhibits to the reports or other documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus for a copy of such contract, agreement or other document. Because we are subject to the information and reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, we file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Our Internet address is www.resonant.com.  You may also read and copy any document we file at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the Public Reference Room.

 

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

 

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document that we have filed separately with the SEC. You should read the information incorporated by reference because it is an important part of this prospectus. We incorporate by reference the following information or documents that we have filed with the SEC (Commission File No. 001-36467):

 

·                  our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 (filed on February 28, 2018), as amended by Amendment No. 1 to Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 (filed on March 19, 2018);

 

·                  our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for our quarters ended March 31, 2018 (filed on May 10, 2018), June 30, 2018 (filed on August 9, 2018) and September 30, 2018 (filed on November 13, 2018);

 

·                  our Current Reports on Form 8-K, dated February 1, 2018 (filed on February 9, 2018); dated March 21, 2018 (filed on March 23, 2018); dated April 1, 2018 (filed on April 2, 2018); dated April 6, 2018 (filed on April 6, 2018); dated April 9, 2018 (filed on April 12, 2018); dated May 14, 2018 (filed on May 17, 2018); dated June 12, 2018 (filed on June 14, 2018); dated August 14, 2018 (filed on August 17, 2018); dated September 21, 2018 (filed on September 21, 2018); dated October 7, 2018 (filed on October 12, 2018); and dated October 31, 2018 (filed on November 5, 2018);

 

·                  the description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A, as filed with the SEC on May 27, 2014, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

 

Any information in any of the foregoing documents will automatically be deemed to be modified or superseded to the extent that information in this prospectus or in a later filed document that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference modifies or replaces such information.

 

We also incorporate by reference any future filings (other than current reports furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K and exhibits filed on such form that are related to such items) made with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, including all such reports filed after the date of the initial registration statement and prior to effectiveness of the registration statement, until we file a post-effective amendment that indicates the termination of the offering of the securities made by this prospectus. Information in such future filings updates and supplements the information provided in this prospectus. Any statements in any such future filings will automatically be deemed to modify and supersede any information in any document we previously filed with the SEC that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference to the extent that statements in the later filed document modify or replace such earlier statements.

 

We will furnish without charge to each person to whom a copy of this prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of the documents that have been incorporated by reference into this prospectus, including exhibits to these documents.  You should direct any requests for copies to:  Investor Relations, Resonant Inc., 175 Cremona Drive, Suite 200, Goleta, California 93117; telephone number (805) 308-9803.

 

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$25,000,000
Common Stock

 


 

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
August 14, 2020

 


 

Stifel

 


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