As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 26, 2020

Registration No. 333-  

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM S-3 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

Miragen Therapeutics, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware

 

47-1187261

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

 

 

6200 Lookout Road

Boulder, Colorado 80301

(303) 531-5952 

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

 

William S. Marshall

President and Chief Executive Officer

6200 Lookout Road

Boulder, Colorado 80301

(303) 531-5952 

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

Copies to:

Brent D. Fassett

Cooley LLP

380 Interlocken Crescent, Suite 900

Broomfield, Colorado 80021

(720) 566-4000

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after this Registration Statement becomes effective. 

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting

 

 


company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company”

and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Large accelerated filer

 

 

Accelerated filer

 

 

Non-accelerated filer

 

 

 

 

Smaller reporting company

 

 

 

 

 

Emerging growth company

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Title of Each Class of

Securities to be Registered

 

Amount

to be

Registered

 

Proposed

Maximum

Offering Price

per Unit

 

Proposed Maximum
Aggregate Offering
Price

 

Amount of
Registration

Fee (3)

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

 

(1)

(2)

(2)

 

Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share

 

(1)

(2)

(2)

 

Debt Securities

 

(1)

(2)

(2)

 

Warrants

 

(1)

(2)

(2)

 

Total

 

(1)

 

$175,000,000

 

(4)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

 

 

There are being registered hereunder such indeterminate number of shares of common stock and preferred stock, such indeterminate principal amount of debt securities, and such indeterminate number of warrants to purchase common stock, preferred stock, and/or debt securities, as may be sold by the Registrant from time to time, which together shall have an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $175,000,000. If any debt securities are issued at an original issue discount, then the principal amount of such debt securities shall be in such greater amount as shall result in an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $175,000,000, less the aggregate dollar amount of all securities previously issued hereunder. Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or in combination with other securities registered hereunder. The proposed maximum offering price of the securities will be determined, from time to time, by the Registrant in connection with the issuance by the Registrant of the securities registered hereunder. The securities registered hereunder also include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock and preferred stock and amount of debt securities as may be issued upon conversion of or exchange for preferred stock or debt securities that provide for conversion or exchange, upon exercise of warrants or pursuant to the antidilution provisions of any of such securities. In addition, pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, the shares being registered hereunder include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock and preferred stock as may be issuable with respect to the shares being registered hereunder as a result of stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions.

(2)

 

 

The proposed maximum aggregate offering price per class of security will be determined from time to time by the Registrant in connection with the issuance by the Registrant of the securities registered hereunder and is not specified as to each class of security pursuant to General Instruction II.D. of Form S-3 under the Securities Act.

(3)

 

 

Calculated pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.

(4)

 

 

In connection with the registration of unsold securities pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-217084), which was initially filed on March 31, 2017, and was declared effective on April 25, 2017, or the Prior Registration Statement, the registrant previously paid $28,975.00. In accordance with Question 212.24 of the Securities and Exchange Commission, Division of Corporation Finance’s Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations regarding Securities Act Rules, the registrant is not required to pay any additional fee with respect to the $175,000,000 of unsold securities being included in this registration in reliance on Rule 415(a)(6), because such unsold securities (and associated fees) are being moved from the Prior Registration Statement to this registration statement. Pursuant to Rule 415(a)(6) of the Securities Act, the $20,282.50 registration fee previously paid by the registrant relating to the unsold securities included on this registration statement will continue to be applied to such unsold securities. No additional registration fee is due in connection with the filing of this registration statement.

 

The Registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment that specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


 


 

EXPLANATORY NOTE

This registration statement contains:

 

a base prospectus, which covers the offering, issuance and sale by us of up to $175,000,000 in the aggregate of the securities identified above from time to time in one or more offerings;

 

a common stock purchase agreement prospectus covering the offering, issuance and sale by us of up to $14.9 million of our common stock that may be sold from time to time under to Aspire Capital Fund, LLC under a common stock purchase agreement;

 

a sales agreement prospectus covering the offering, issuance and sale by us of up to a maximum aggregate offering price of $37.9 million of our common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under a sales agreement with Cowen and Company, LLC; and

 

a warrant exercise prospectus for the offering, issuance and sale of up to 7,500,000 shares of our common stock pursuant to the exercise of warrants to purchase our common stock outstanding on March 26, 2020.

The base prospectus immediately follows this explanatory note. The specific terms of any securities to be offered pursuant to the base prospectus will be specified in a prospectus supplement to the base prospectus. The common stock purchase agreement prospectus, sales agreement prospectus and warrant exercise prospectus follow the base prospectus. The $14.9 million of common stock that may be offered, issued and sold under the common stock purchase agreement prospectus, the $37.9 million of common stock that may be offered, issued and sold under the sales agreement prospectus and the $8.25 million of common that may be offered, issued and sold under the warrant exercise prospectus are included in the $175,000,000 of securities that may be offered, issued and sold by us under the base prospectus. Any portion of the $14.9 million included in the common stock purchase agreement prospectus, any portion of the $37.9 million included in the sales agreement prospectus or any portion of the $8.25 million of common that may be offered, issued and sold under the warrant exercise prospectus that are not sold pursuant to the common stock purchase agreement, the sales agreement or upon exercise of outstanding warrants, respectively, will be available for sale in other offerings pursuant to the base prospectus, and if no shares are sold under the common stock purchase agreement, the sales agreement prospectus or the warrant exercise prospectus, the full $14.9 million, $37.9 million and $8.25 million, respectively, of securities may be sold in other offerings pursuant to the base prospectus.

 

 


The information contained in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion, Dated March 26, 2020

PROSPECTUS

 

$175,000,000

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Debt Securities

Warrants

From time to time, we may offer and sell up to $175,000,000 of any combination of the securities described in this prospectus. We may also offer securities as may be issuable upon conversion, redemption, exchange or exercise of any securities registered pursuant to this prospectus.

This prospectus provides a general description of securities we may offer. Each time we offer and sell securities, we will provide the specific terms of the securities offered in a supplement to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as the documents incorporated by reference, before buying any of the securities being offered.

This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of any securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol MGEN. On March 25, 2020, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market was $0.4832 per share. Any applicable prospectus supplement will contain information, as applicable, as to other listings, if any, on The Nasdaq Capital Market or other securities exchange of the securities covered by the prospectus supplement.

We may sell these securities to or through underwriters or dealers, directly to purchasers or through agents designated from time to time. For additional information on the methods of sale, you should refer to the discussion under the heading Plan of Distribution in this prospectus and in any applicable prospectus supplement. If any underwriters are involved in the sale of any securities with respect to which this prospectus is being delivered, the names of such underwriters and any applicable discounts or commissions and over-allotment options will be set forth in a prospectus supplement. The price to the public of such securities and the net proceeds we expect to receive from such sale will also be set forth in a prospectus supplement.

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in this prospectus, in any applicable prospectus supplement and in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

 

 


Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUSi

SUMMARY1

THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER4

RISK FACTORS7

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS8

USE OF PROCEEDS9

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK10

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES16

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS23

LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES26

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION29

LEGAL MATTERS31

EXPERTS31

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION31

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE32

 

 

 


 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, using a shelf registration process. Under this shelf registration statement, we may sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings up to a total aggregate offering price of $175,000,000. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer.

Each time we sell any type or series of securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain more specific information about the terms of that offering. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to these offerings. We may also add, update or change in a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus any of the information contained in this prospectus or in the documents we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus. This prospectus, together with any applicable prospectus supplement, any related free writing prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, will include all material information relating to the applicable offering. You should carefully read both this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, together with the additional information described under Where You Can Find More Information, before buying any of the securities being offered.

THIS PROSPECTUS MAY NOT BE USED TO CONSUMMATE A SALE OF SECURITIES UNLESS IT IS ACCOMPANIED BY A PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.

You should rely only on the information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, along with the information contained in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell or seeking an offer to buy securities under this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, is accurate only as of the date of those respective documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. You should read this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, in their entirety before making an investment decision.

This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under the heading Where You Can Find More Information.

This prospectus incorporates by reference, and any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may contain and incorporate by reference, industry, statistical and market data from our own internal estimates and research as well as from industry and general publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. Industry publications, studies and surveys generally state that they have been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. While we believe that each of these studies and publications is reliable, we have not independently verified statistical, market and industry data from third-party sources. While we believe our internal company research is reliable and the market definitions are appropriate, neither such research nor these definitions have been verified by any independent source.

We further note that the representations, warranties and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit or incorporated by reference to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties or covenants were accurate only as of the date when made.

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Accordingly, such representations, warranties and covenants should not be relied on as accurately representing the current state of our affairs.

This prospectus and the information incorporated herein by reference include trademarks, service marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus are the property of their respective owners.

 

 

 

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SUMMARY

This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus or incorporated by reference herein and does not contain all the information that may be important to purchasers of our securities. Prospective purchasers of our securities should carefully read the entire prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, including the risks of investing in our securities discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. Prospective purchasers of our securities should also carefully read the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, including our financial statements, and the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. 

Except as otherwise indicated herein or as the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to “Miragen,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar references refer to Miragen Therapeutics, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. 

Company Overview

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company discovering and developing proprietary RNA-targeted therapies with a specific focus on microRNAs and their role in diseases where there is a high unmet medical need. We have three clinical stage product candidates: cobomarsen, remlarsen, and MRG-110. We are developing cobomarsen for the treatment of patients with certain cancers that have elevated microRNA-155, or miR-155, including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, or CTCL, and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, or ATLL. Cobomarsen is an inhibitor of miR-155, which is found at abnormally high levels in malignant cells of several blood cancers. We are also developing remlarsen and MRG-229, which are product candidates being developed for the potential treatment of patients with pathological fibrosis, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, or IPF. These product candidates are replacements for miR-29, which is found at abnormally low levels in a number of pathological fibrotic conditions, including cutaneous, cardiac, renal, hepatic, pulmonary and ocular fibrosis, as well as in systemic sclerosis. MRG-110, an inhibitor of microRNA-92, or miR-92, is our product candidate for the treatment of heart failure, wound healing, and other ischemic disease.

We believe our experience in microRNA biology and chemistry, drug discovery, bioinformatics, translational medicine, and drug development allows us to identify and develop microRNA-targeted drugs that are designed to regulate gene pathways to return diseased tissues to a healthy state. We believe that our drug discovery and development strategy will enable us to progress our product candidates from preclinical discovery to confirmation of mechanism of action in humans quickly and efficiently. The elements of this strategy include identification of mechanistic biomarkers, in early-stage clinical trials to assess target engagement in humans, as well as monitoring outcomes in these early-stage clinical trials to help guide later clinical development.

Risk Factors

Investment in our securities is subject to various risks associated with our business and our industry, including the following risks:

 

We will need to raise additional capital, and if we are unable to do so when needed, we will not be able to continue as a going concern.

 

In the past, our management has concluded that, due to our need for additional capital and the uncertainties surrounding our ability to raise such funding, substantial doubt existed as to our ability to continue as a going concern, and our management may make a similar determination in the future.

 

We have historically incurred losses, have a limited operating history on which to assess our business, and anticipate that we will continue to incur significant losses for the foreseeable future.

 

We have never generated any revenue from product sales and may never be profitable.

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Raising additional capital may cause dilution to our stockholders, restrict our operations, or require us to relinquish rights.

 

Clinical trials are costly, time consuming, and inherently risky, and we may fail to demonstrate safety and efficacy to the satisfaction of applicable regulatory authorities.

 

The approach we are taking to discover and develop novel therapeutics that target microRNAs is unproven and may never lead to marketable products.

 

Our microRNA-targeted therapeutic product candidates are based on a relatively novel technology, which makes it unusually difficult to predict the time and cost of development and the time and cost, or likelihood, of subsequently obtaining regulatory approval. To date, no microRNA-targeted therapeutics have been approved for marketing in the United States.

 

We may not be successful in obtaining or maintaining necessary rights to microRNA targets, product compounds and processes for our development pipeline through acquisitions and in-licenses.

 

We intend to rely on patent rights for our product candidates and any future product candidates. If we are unable to obtain or maintain exclusivity from the combination of these approaches, we may not be able to compete effectively in our markets.

 

We may not have sufficient patent term protections for our product candidates to effectively protect our business.

 

Third-party claims of intellectual property infringement may prevent or delay our development and commercialization efforts.

 

We may not be successful in meeting our obligations under our existing license agreements necessary to maintain our product candidate licenses in effect. In addition, if required in order to commercialize our product candidates, we may be unsuccessful in obtaining or maintaining necessary rights to our product candidates through acquisitions and in-licenses.

 

 

The market price of our common stock has historically been volatile, and the market price of our common stock may drop in the future.

 

Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market could result in a delisting of our common stock.

 

We do not anticipate that we will pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

Historically, there has not been an active trading market for our common stock, and we cannot guarantee an active market for our common stock will be sustained in the future. As a result, our stockholders may not be able to resell their shares of common stock for a profit, if at all.

These risks and other risks are discussed in greater detail under the section titled Risk Factors in this prospectus and in any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and discussed under the heading Risk Factors contained in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as may be updated by subsequent annual, quarterly and other reports that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. We encourage you to read and consider all of these risks carefully.

Corporate Information

We were originally formed in December 2010 as a Delaware limited liability company named Signal Genetics LLC. Immediately prior to the pricing of our initial public offering, in June 2014, we converted from a Delaware limited liability company to a Delaware corporation. In February 2017, we acquired a privately held company named Miragen Therapeutics, Inc., and immediately following the acquisition, we changed our name to Miragen Therapeutics, Inc. Our common stock began trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol MGEN on February 14, 2017.

Our principal executive office is located at 6200 Lookout Road, Boulder, CO 80301, and our telephone number is

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(303) 531-5952. Our corporate website address is www.miragen.com. The contents of our website are not incorporated into this prospectus, and our reference to the URL for our website is intended to be an inactive textual reference only.


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THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER

We may offer shares of our common stock and preferred stock, various series of debt securities and warrants to purchase any of such securities, up to a total aggregate offering price of $175,000,000 from time to time in one or more offerings under this prospectus, together with any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of the relevant offering. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer a type or series of securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices and other important terms of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

 

designation or classification;

 

aggregate principal amount or aggregate offering price;

 

maturity;

 

original issue discount, if any;

 

rates and times of payment of interest or dividends, if any;

 

redemption, conversion, exchange or sinking fund terms, if any;

 

conversion or exchange prices or rates, if any, and, if applicable, any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the conversion or exchange prices or rates and in the securities or other property receivable upon conversion or exchange;

 

ranking;

 

restrictive covenants, if any;

 

voting or other rights, if any; and

 

important U.S. federal income tax considerations.

The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus or in documents we have incorporated by reference. However, no prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus will offer a security that is not registered and described in this prospectus at the time of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

We may sell the securities directly to investors or through underwriters, dealers or agents. We, and our underwriters or agents, reserve the right to accept or reject all or part of any proposed purchase of securities. If we do offer securities through underwriters or agents, we will include in the applicable prospectus supplement:

 

the names of those underwriters or agents;

 

applicable fees, discounts and commissions to be paid to them;

 

details regarding overallotment options, if any; and

 

the estimated net proceeds to us.

Common Stock. We may issue shares of our common stock from time to time. Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, except on matters relating solely to terms of preferred stock. Under our certificate of incorporation, as amended, or certificate of incorporation, and amended and restated bylaws, as amended, or bylaws, our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights. Because of this, the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors

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can elect all of the directors standing for election, if they should so choose. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then-outstanding preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably those dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the board of directors out of legally available funds. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of common stock are entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities and the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any then-outstanding shares of preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive, conversion or subscription rights and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate in the future. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the common stock under “Description of Capital Stock — Common Stock.” We urge you, however, to read any applicable prospectus supplement (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to any common stock being offered.   

Preferred Stock. We may issue shares of our preferred stock from time to time, in one or more series. Our board of directors will determine the designations, voting powers, preferences and rights of the preferred stock, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, preemptive rights, terms of redemption or repurchase, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of any series. Convertible preferred stock will be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or other securities. Conversion may be mandatory or at your option and would be at prescribed conversion rates.

If we sell any series of preferred stock under this prospectus, we will fix the designations, voting powers, preferences and rights of such series of preferred stock, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock that we are offering before the issuance of the related series of preferred stock. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the preferred stock under “Description of Capital Stock – Preferred Stock.” We urge you, however, to read any applicable prospectus supplement (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the series of preferred stock being offered, as well as the complete certificate of designation that contains the terms of the applicable series of preferred stock.

Debt Securities. We may issue debt securities from time to time, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. The senior debt securities will rank equally with any other unsecured and unsubordinated debt. The subordinated debt securities will be subordinate and junior in right of payment, to the extent and in the manner described in the instrument governing the debt, to all of our senior indebtedness. Convertible debt securities will be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or preferred stock. Conversion may be mandatory or at the holders option and would be at prescribed conversion rates.  

The debt securities will be issued under one or more documents called indentures, which are contracts between us and a national banking association or other eligible party, as trustee. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the debt securities. We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the series of debt securities being offered, as well as the complete indentures that contain the terms of the debt securities. Forms of indentures have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

Warrants. We may issue warrants for the purchase of common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities in one or more series. We may issue warrants independently or together with common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities, and the warrants may be attached to or separate from these securities. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the warrants. We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the particular

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series of warrants being offered, as well as the complete warrant agreements and warrant certificates that contain the terms of the warrants. Forms of the warrant agreements and forms of warrant certificates containing the terms of the warrants being offered have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental warrant agreements and forms of warrant certificates will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.  

We will evidence each series of warrants by warrant certificates that we will issue. Warrants may be issued under an applicable warrant agreement that we enter into with a warrant agent. We will indicate the name and address of the warrant agent, if applicable, in the prospectus supplement relating to the particular series of warrants being offered.

 


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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before deciding whether to invest in our securities, you should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading Risk Factors contained in any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and discussed under the heading Risk Factors contained in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as may be updated by subsequent annual, quarterly and other reports that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. The risks described in these documents are not the only ones we face, but those that we consider to be material. There may be other unknown or unpredictable economic, business, competitive, regulatory or other factors that could have material adverse effects on our future results. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow could be adversely affected, which could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment. Please also read carefully the discussion below under the heading Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.


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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus, including the documents that we incorporate by reference herein, contains, and any applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus including the documents we incorporate by reference therein may contain, forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties for purposes of the safe harbor provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this prospectus and the documents referenced above, other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected expenses, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. The words believe, may, will, estimate, continue, anticipate, intend, plan, expect, predict, potential, opportunity, goals, or should, and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

Such statements are based on managements current expectations and involve risks and uncertainties.

Actual results and performance could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including, without limitation, statements relating to:

 

 

 

our future research and development activities, including clinical testing and the costs and timing thereof;

 

 

 

our strategy, including clinical development of cobomarsen, our regulatory and clinical strategies for cobomarsen, remlarsen, MRG-229 and other product candidates, and the clinical and commercial potential of our product candidates, if approved;

 

 

 

sufficiency of our cash resources;

 

 

 

our ability to raise additional funding when needed;

 

 

 

any statements concerning anticipated regulatory activities or licensing or collaborative arrangements;

 

 

 

our research and development and other expenses;

 

 

 

our operations and legal risks;

 

 

 

our ability to maintain listing on a national securities exchange;

 

 

 

any statement of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing.

We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described above under the heading Risk Factors. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this prospectus may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.

We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.  


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USE OF PROCEEDS

We will retain broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by this prospectus. Except as described in any applicable prospectus supplement or in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, we currently intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by us hereunder, if any, for working capital and general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to invest in or acquire businesses or technologies that we believe are complementary to our own, although we have no current plans, commitments or agreements with respect to any acquisitions as of the date of this prospectus. We will set forth in any applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus our intended use for the net proceeds received from the sale of any securities sold pursuant to any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus. Pending these uses, we plan to invest these net proceeds in short-term, interest bearing obligations, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the United States.

 


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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following description of our capital stock and provisions of our certificate of incorporation, certificates of designation and amended and restated bylaws are summaries. You should also refer to certificate of incorporation and the amended and restated bylaws, which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is part.

General

As of the date of this prospectus, our certificate of incorporation, authorizes us to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. As of March 25, 2020, 53,077,348 shares of our common stock were outstanding, and no shares of our preferred stock were outstanding.

The following summary describes the material terms of our capital stock. The description of capital stock is qualified by reference to our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws.

Common Stock

Voting Rights

Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, except on matters relating solely to terms of preferred stock. Under our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights. Because of this, the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors can elect all of the directors standing for election, if they should so choose.

Dividends

Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then-outstanding preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably those dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of legally available funds.

Liquidation

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities and the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any then-outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Rights and Preferences

Holders of our common stock do not have any preemptive, conversion or subscription rights and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate in the future.

Fully Paid and Nonassessable

All of our outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and nonassessable.

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Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

As of March 25, 2020, we had 7,535,815 outstanding warrants exercisable for up to an aggregate of 7,535,815 shares of our common stock. Of these warrants, there are warrants outstanding and exercisable for up to 7,500,000 shares of common stock that contain the following terms and conditions subject in all respects to the provisions contained in such warrants:

 

Exercisability. The warrants are exercisable at any time following their original issuance and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance. The warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice and by payment in full in immediately available funds for the number of shares of common stock purchased upon such exercise. If a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, is not then effective or available, and if a resale registration statement registering the resale of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants under the Securities Act is also not then effective or available, the holder may exercise the warrant through a cashless exercise, in whole or in part, in which case the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the warrant. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a warrant. In lieu of fractional shares, we will round down to the next whole share.

 

Exercise Limitation. Holders of the warrants do not have the right to exercise any portion of the warrant if the holder (together with its affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of our stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the warrants. However, any holder may increase such percentage up to 9.99%, provided that any increase in such percentage shall not be effective until 61 days after such notice to us.

 

Exercise Price. The initial exercise price per share of common stock purchasable upon exercise of each warrant is $1.10. The exercise price is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock.

 

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the warrants and generally including any reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification of our common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the holders of the warrants are entitled to receive upon exercise of the warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction. In addition, in the event of a fundamental transaction which is approved by our board of directors, the holders of the warrants have the right to require us or a successor entity to redeem the warrants for cash in the amount of the Black-Scholes value of the unexercised portion of the warrants on the date of the consummation of the fundamental transaction. In the event of a fundamental transaction which is not approved by our board of directors, the holders of the warrants have the right to require us or a successor entity to redeem the warrants for the consideration paid in the fundamental transaction in the amount of the Black Scholes value of the unexercised portion of the warrants on the date of the consummation of the fundamental transaction payable at our option in either shares of our common stock (or, in certain cases, in the securities of the successor entity) or cash. These provisions could reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive payments upon liquidation or in such a fundamental transaction.

 

Rights as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the warrants or by virtue of the holders’ ownership of shares of our common stock, the holders of our warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our common stock, including any voting rights, until the holders exercise the warrants.

In addition, as of March 25, 2020, we have additional warrants outstanding exercisable for up to an aggregate of 35,815 shares of our common stock, which warrants had a weighted average exercise price of $7.60 per share.

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Preferred Stock

Pursuant to our certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders (unless such stockholder action is required by applicable law or stock exchange listing rules), to designate and issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series, to fix the designations, powers, preferences, privileges and relative participating, optional or special rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of the common stock, and to increase or decrease the number of shares of any such series, but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding.

Our board of directors, without stockholder approval, can issue preferred stock with voting, conversion or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of the holders of common stock. Preferred stock could be issued quickly with terms designed to delay or prevent a change in control of our company or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of decreasing the market price of the common stock and may adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation.

The following summary of terms of our preferred stock is not complete. You should refer to the provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and the resolutions containing the terms of each class or series of the preferred stock which have been or will be filed with the SEC at or prior to the time of issuance of such class or series of preferred stock and described in any applicable prospectus supplement. Any applicable prospectus supplement may also state that any of the terms set forth herein are inapplicable to such series of preferred stock, provided that the information set forth in such prospectus supplement does not constitute material changes to the information herein such that it alters the nature of the offering or the securities offered.

We will fix the designations, voting powers, preferences and rights of the preferred stock of each series we issue under this prospectus, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock we are offering. We will describe in any applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of preferred stock being offered, including, to the extent applicable:

 

 

the title and stated value;

 

the number of shares we are offering;

 

the liquidation preference per share;

 

the purchase price;

 

the dividend rate, period and payment date and method of calculation for dividends;

 

whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;

 

the procedures for any auction and remarketing;

 

the provisions for a sinking fund;

 

the provisions for redemption or repurchase and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;

 

any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;

 

whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, and the conversion rate or conversion price, or how they will be calculated, and the conversion period;

 

whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities, and the exchange rate or exchange price, or how they will be calculated, and the exchange period;

 

voting rights of the preferred stock;

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preemptive rights;

 

restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment;

 

whether interests in the preferred stock will be represented by depositary shares;

 

a discussion of material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;

 

the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;

 

any limitations on the issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and

 

any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the preferred stock.

If we issue shares of preferred stock under this prospectus, the shares will be fully paid and nonassessable.

The issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation. The issuance could have the effect of decreasing the market price of the common stock. The issuance of preferred stock also could have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control of us.

Anti-Takeover Provisions

We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or Section 203. Section 203 generally prohibits a public Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless:

 

 

prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

 

upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding upon consummation of the transaction, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (i) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

 

on or subsequent to the consummation of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2⁄3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Section 203 defines a “business combination” to include:

 

 

any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

 

any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation;

 

subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

 

any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share

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of the stock of any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; and

 

the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as an entity or person who, together with the persons affiliates and associates, beneficially owns, or within three years prior to the time of determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that:

 

 

the authorized number of directors can be changed only by resolution of our board of directors;

 

our bylaws may be amended or repealed by our board of directors or stockholders;

 

our stockholders may not call special meetings of the stockholders or fill vacancies on our board of directors;

 

our stockholders may remove our directors only for cause;

 

all vacancies, including newly created directorships, may, except as otherwise required by law or subject to the rights of holders of preferred stock as designated from time to time, be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum;

 

our board of directors will be authorized to issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock, the rights of which will be determined at the discretion of our board of directors and that, if issued, could operate as a “poison pill” to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer to prevent an acquisition that ours board of directors does not approve;

 

our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights, and therefore our stockholders holding a majority of the shares of common stock outstanding will be able to elect all of our directors;

 

our stockholders must comply with advance notice provisions to bring business before or nominate directors for election at a stockholder meeting; and

 

the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employee to us or our stockholders, (3) any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or our certificate of incorporation or bylaws or (4) any action asserting a claim against us governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Notwithstanding the foregoing, these choice of forum provisions do not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction.

These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continued stability in the composition of our board of directors and its policies and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened acquisition of us. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. The provisions also are intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, these provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, they may also reduce fluctuations in the market price of our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts.

Potential Effects of Authorized but Unissued Stock

Our shares of common stock and preferred stock available for future issuance without stockholder approval. We

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may utilize these additional shares for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, to facilitate corporate acquisitions or payment as a dividend on the capital stock.

The existence of unissued and unreserved common stock and preferred stock may enable our board of directors to issue shares to persons friendly to current management or to issue preferred stock with terms that could render more difficult or discourage a third-party attempt to obtain control by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, thereby protecting the continuity of our management. In addition, our board of directors has the discretion to determine designations, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences of each series of preferred stock, all to the fullest extent permissible under the Delaware General Corporation Law and subject to any limitations set forth in our certificate of incorporation. The purpose of authorizing the board of directors to issue preferred stock and to determine the rights and preferences applicable to such preferred stock is to eliminate delays associated with a stockholder vote on specific issuances. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible financings, acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or could discourage a third party from acquiring, a majority of our outstanding voting stock.

Amendments to Governing Documents

Generally, the amendment of our certificate of incorporation requires approval by our board of directors and a majority vote of stockholders. Any amendment to our bylaws requires the approval of either a majority of our board of directors or approval of at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by the holders of our outstanding capital stock in elections of our board of directors.

Listing

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol MGEN.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is VStock Transfer, LLC. The transfer agent and registrars address is 18 Lafayette Place, Woodmere, New York 11598.


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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

We may issue debt securities from time to time, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any debt securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any debt securities offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. Unless the context requires otherwise, whenever we refer to the indenture, we also are referring to any supplemental indentures that specify the terms of a particular series of debt securities.

We will issue the debt securities under the indenture that we will enter into with the trustee named in the indenture. The indenture will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or the Trust Indenture Act. We have filed the form of indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

The following summary of material provisions of the debt securities and the indenture is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements and any related free writing prospectuses related to the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as the complete indenture that contains the terms of the debt securities.

General

The indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue. It provides that we may issue debt securities up to the principal amount that we may authorize and may be in any currency or currency unit that we may designate. Except for the limitations on consolidation, merger and sale of all or substantially all of our assets contained in the indenture, the terms of the indenture do not contain any covenants or other provisions designed to give holders of any debt securities protection against changes in our operations, financial condition or transactions involving us.

We may issue the debt securities issued under the indenture as discount securities, which means they may be sold at a discount below their stated principal amount. These debt securities, as well as other debt securities that are not issued at a discount, may be issued with original issue discount, or OID, for U.S. federal income tax purposes because of interest payment and other characteristics or terms of the debt securities. Material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to debt securities issued with OID will be described in more detail in any applicable prospectus supplement.

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of debt securities being offered, including:

 

the title of the series of debt securities;

 

any limit upon the aggregate principal amount that may be issued;

 

the maturity date or dates;

 

the form of the debt securities of the series;

 

the applicability of any guarantees;

 

whether or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;

 

whether the debt securities rank as senior debt, senior subordinated debt, subordinated debt or any combination thereof, and the terms of any subordination;

 

if the price (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount thereof) at which such debt securities will be issued is a price other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the

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principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof, or if applicable, the portion of the principal amount of such debt securities that is convertible into another security or the method by which any such portion shall be determined;

 

the interest rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;

 

our right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;

 

if applicable, the date or dates after which, or the period or periods during which, and the price or prices at which, we may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption provisions;

 

the date or dates, if any, on which, and the price or prices at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder’s option to purchase, the series of debt securities and the currency or currency unit in which the debt securities are payable;

 

the denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof;

 

any and all terms, if applicable, relating to any auction or remarketing of the debt securities of that series and any security for our obligations with respect to such debt securities and any other terms which may be advisable in connection with the marketing of debt securities of that series;

 

whether the debt securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a global security or securities; the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such global security or securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual securities; and the depositary for such global security or securities;

 

if applicable, the provisions relating to conversion or exchange of any debt securities of the series and the terms and conditions upon which such debt securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the conversion or exchange price, as applicable, or how it will be calculated and may be adjusted, any mandatory or optional (at our option or the holders’ option) conversion or exchange features, the applicable conversion or exchange period and the manner of settlement for any conversion or exchange;

 

if other than the full principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of debt securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof;

 

additions to or changes in the covenants applicable to the particular debt securities being issued, including, among others, the consolidation, merger or sale covenant;

 

additions to or changes in the events of default with respect to the securities and any change in the right of the trustee or the holders to declare the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with respect to such securities to be due and payable;

 

additions to or changes in or deletions of the provisions relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance;

 

additions to or changes in the provisions relating to satisfaction and discharge of the indenture;

 

additions to or changes in the provisions relating to the modification of the indenture both with and without the consent of holders of debt securities issued under the indenture;

 

the currency of payment of debt securities if other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S. dollars;

 

whether interest will be payable in cash or additional debt securities at our or the holders’ option and the terms and conditions upon which the election may be made;

 

the terms and conditions, if any, upon which we will pay amounts in addition to the stated interest,

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premium, if any, and principal amounts of the debt securities of the series to any holder that is not a “United States person” for federal tax purposes;

 

any restrictions on transfer, sale or assignment of the debt securities of the series; and

 

any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the debt securities, any other additions or changes in the provisions of the indenture, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations.

Conversion or Exchange Rights

We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or our other securities. We will include provisions as to settlement upon conversion or exchange and whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock or our other securities that the holders of the series of debt securities receive would be subject to adjustment.

Consolidation, Merger or Sale

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the indenture will not contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of our assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety. However, any successor to or acquirer of such assets (other than a subsidiary of ours) must assume all of our obligations under the indenture or the debt securities, as appropriate.

Events of Default under the Indenture

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the following are events of default under the indenture with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue:

 

 

if we fail to pay any installment of interest on any series of debt securities, as and when the same shall become due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 90 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an interest payment period by us in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of interest for this purpose;

 

if we fail to pay the principal of, or premium, if any, on any series of debt securities as and when the same shall become due and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to such series; provided, however, that a valid extension of the maturity of such debt securities in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of principal or premium, if any;

 

if we fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in the debt securities or the indenture, other than a covenant specifically relating to another series of debt securities, and our failure continues for 90 days after we receive written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and stating that such is a notice of default thereunder, from the trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable series; and

 

if specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur. 

 

If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series occurs and is continuing, other than an event of default specified in the last bullet point above, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, by notice to us in writing, and to the trustee if notice is given by such holders, may declare the unpaid principal of, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, due and payable immediately. If an event of default specified in the last bullet point above occurs with respect to us, the principal

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amount of and accrued interest, if any, of each issue of debt securities then outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the trustee or any holder.

The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of an affected series may waive any default or event of default with respect to the series and its consequences, except defaults or events of default regarding payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, unless we have cured the default or event of default in accordance with the indenture. Any waiver shall cure the default or event of default.

Subject to the terms of the indenture, if an event of default under an indenture shall occur and be continuing, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of debt securities, unless such holders have offered the trustee reasonable indemnity. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series, provided that:

 

 

the direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; and

 

subject to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act, the trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding.

A holder of the debt securities of any series will have the right to institute a proceeding under the indenture or to appoint a receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies only if:

 

 

the holder has given written notice to the trustee of a continuing event of default with respect to that series;

 

the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request;

 

such holders have offered to the trustee indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred by the trustee in compliance with the request; and

 

the trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series other conflicting directions within 90 days after the notice, request and offer.

These limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of debt securities if we default in the payment of the principal, premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities.

We will periodically file statements with the trustee regarding our compliance with specified covenants in the indenture.

Modification of Indenture; Waiver

We and the trustee may change an indenture without the consent of any holders with respect to specific matters:

 

 

to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture or in the debt securities of any series;

 

to comply with the provisions described above under “Description of Debt Securities—Consolidation, Merger or Sale;”

 

to provide for uncertificated debt securities in addition to or in place of certificated debt securities;

 

to add to our covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities, to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional

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covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of default or to surrender any right or power conferred upon us in the indenture;

 

to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of debt securities, as set forth in the indenture;

 

to make any change that does not adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities of any series in any material respect;

 

to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the debt securities of any series as provided above under “Description of Debt Securities—General” to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the indenture or any series of debt securities, or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of debt securities;

 

to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment under any indenture by a successor trustee; or

 

to comply with any requirements of the SEC in connection with the qualification of any indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.

In addition, under the indenture, the rights of holders of a series of debt securities may be changed by us and the trustee with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series that is affected. However, unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, we and the trustee may make the following changes only with the consent of each holder of any outstanding debt securities affected:

 

 

extending the fixed maturity of any debt securities of any series;

 

reducing the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of payment of interest, or reducing any premium payable upon the redemption of any series of any debt securities; or

 

reducing the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any amendment, supplement, modification or waiver.

Discharge

Each indenture provides that we can elect to be discharged from our obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities, except for specified obligations, including obligations to:

 

 

provide for payment;

 

register the transfer or exchange of debt securities of the series;

 

replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the series;

 

pay principal of and premium and interest on any debt securities of the series;

 

maintain paying agencies;

 

hold monies for payment in trust;

 

recover excess money held by the trustee;

 

compensate and indemnify the trustee; and

 

appoint any successor trustee.

In order to exercise our rights to be discharged, we must deposit with the trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, any premium, if any, and interest on, the debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.

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Form, Exchange and Transfer

We will issue the debt securities of each series only in fully registered form without coupons and, unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The indenture provides that we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent global form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, or another depositary named by us and identified in the applicable prospectus supplement with respect to that series. To the extent the debt securities of a series are issued in global form and as book-entry, a description of terms relating to any book-entry securities will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

At the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of the debt securities of any series can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.

Subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the debt securities may present the debt securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this purpose. Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange, we will impose no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.

We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement the security registrar, and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each series.

If we elect to redeem the debt securities of any series, we will not be required to:

 

issue, register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of that series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any debt securities that may be selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of the mailing; or

 

register the transfer of or exchange of any debt securities so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt securities we are redeeming in part.

Information Concerning the Trustee

The trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under an indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable indenture. Upon an event of default under an indenture, the trustee must use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject to this provision, the trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given it by the indenture at the request of any holder of debt securities unless it is offered reasonable security and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.

Payment and Paying Agents

Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose name the debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on the regular record date for the interest.

We will pay principal of and any premium and interest on the debt securities of a particular series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make interest payments by check that we will mail to the holder or by wire transfer to certain holders. Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will designate the corporate trust office of

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the trustee as our sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series. We will name in any applicable prospectus supplement the other paying agents that we initially designate for the debt securities of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.

All money we pay to a paying agent or the trustee for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any debt securities that remains unclaimed at the end of two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holder of the debt security thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.

Governing Law

The indenture and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is applicable.


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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

The following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplements and free writing prospectuses, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, which may consist of warrants to purchase common stock, preferred stock, and debt securities, and may be issued in one or more series. Warrants may be issued independently or together with common stock, preferred stock, or debt securities offered by any prospectus supplement, and may be attached to or separate from those securities. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants that we may offer in more detail in any applicable prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus. The terms of any warrants offered under any applicable prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. However, no prospectus supplement will fundamentally change the terms that are set forth in this prospectus or offer a security that is not registered and described in this prospectus at the time of its effectiveness.

We have filed forms of the warrant agreements and forms of warrant certificates as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant agreement, if any, including a form of warrant certificate, that describes the terms of the particular series of warrants we are offering. The following summaries of material provisions of the warrants and the warrant agreements are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the warrant agreement and warrant certificate applicable to the particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus. We urge you to read any applicable prospectus supplements related to the particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as any related free writing prospectuses, and the complete warrant agreements and warrant certificates that contain the terms of the warrants.

General

We will describe in any applicable prospectus supplement the terms relating to a series of warrants being offered, including:

 

 

the title of such securities;

 

the offering price or prices and aggregate number of warrants offered;

 

the currency or currencies for which the warrants may be purchased;

 

if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants are issued, and the number of warrants issued with each such security or each principal amount of such security;

 

if applicable, the date on and after which the warrants and the related securities will be separately transferable;

 

if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of such warrants which may be exercised at any one time;

 

in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of one warrant and the price at which, and currency in which, this principal amount of debt securities may be purchased upon such exercise;

 

in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock, as the case may be, purchasable upon the exercise of one warrant and the price at which, and the currency in which, these shares may be purchased upon such exercise;

 

the effect of any merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of our business on the warrant agreements and the warrants;

 

the terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;

 

the terms of any rights to force the exercise of the warrants;

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any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price or number of securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants;

 

the dates on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and expire;

 

the manner in which the warrant agreements and warrants may be modified;

 

a discussion of any material or special U.S. federal income tax consequences of holding or exercising the warrants;

 

the terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants; and

 

any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of or restrictions on the warrants.

Before exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise, including:

 

in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the right to receive payments of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities purchasable upon exercise or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture; or

 

in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the right to receive dividends, if any, or, payments upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise voting rights, if any.

Exercise of Warrants

Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase the securities that we specify in any applicable prospectus supplement at the exercise price that we describe in any applicable prospectus supplement. Unless we otherwise specify in any applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we set forth in any applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.

Unless we otherwise specify in any applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants by delivering the warrant certificate representing the warrants to be exercised together with specified information, and paying the required amount to the warrant agent in immediately available funds, as provided in any applicable prospectus supplement. We will set forth on the reverse side of the warrant certificate and in any applicable prospectus supplement the information that the holder of the warrant will be required to deliver to the warrant agent in connection with the exercise of the warrant.

Upon receipt of the required payment and the warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in any applicable prospectus supplement, we will issue and deliver the securities purchasable upon such exercise. If fewer than all of the warrants represented by the warrant certificate are exercised, then we will issue a new warrant certificate for the remaining amount of warrants. If we so indicate in any applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may surrender securities as all or part of the exercise price for warrants.

Governing Law

Unless we provide otherwise in any applicable prospectus supplement, the warrants and warrant agreements, and any claim, controversy or dispute arising under or related to the warrants or warrant agreements, will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

 

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Warrants

Each warrant agent, if any, will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to

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initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants.


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LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES

We can issue securities in registered form or in the form of one or more global securities. We describe global securities in greater detail below. We refer to those persons who have securities registered in their own names on the books that we or any applicable trustee, depositary or warrant agent maintain for this purpose as the holders of those securities. These persons are the legal holders of the securities. We refer to those persons who, indirectly through others, own beneficial interests in securities that are not registered in their own names, as indirect holders of those securities. As we discuss below, indirect holders are not legal holders, and investors in securities issued in book-entry form or in street name will be indirect holders.

Book-Entry Holders

We may issue securities in book-entry form only, as we will specify in any applicable prospectus supplement. This means securities may be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a financial institution that holds them as depositary on behalf of other financial institutions that participate in the depositarys book-entry system. These participating institutions, which are referred to as participants, in turn, hold beneficial interests in the securities on behalf of themselves or their customers.

Only the person in whose name a security is registered is recognized as the holder of that security. Securities issued in global form will be registered in the name of the depositary or its participants. Consequently, for securities issued in global form, we will recognize only the depositary as the holder of the securities, and we will make all payments on the securities to the depositary. The depositary passes along the payments it receives to its participants, which in turn pass the payments along to their customers who are the beneficial owners. The depositary and its participants do so under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers; they are not obligated to do so under the terms of the securities.

As a result, investors in a global security will not own securities directly. Instead, they will own beneficial interests in a global security, through a bank, broker or other financial institution that participates in the depositarys book-entry system or holds an interest through a participant. As long as the securities are issued in global form, investors will be indirect holders, and not legal holders, of the securities.

Street Name Holders

We may terminate a global security or issue securities in non-global form. In these cases, investors may choose to hold their securities in their own names or in street name. Securities held by an investor in street name would be registered in the name of a bank, broker or other financial institution that the investor chooses, and the investor would hold only a beneficial interest in those securities through an account he or she maintains at that institution.

For securities held in street name, we or any applicable trustee or depositary will recognize only the intermediary banks, brokers and other financial institutions in whose names the securities are registered as the holders of those securities, and we or any applicable trustee or depositary will make all payments on those securities to them. These institutions pass along the payments they receive to their customers who are the beneficial owners, but only because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required to do so. Investors who hold securities in street name will be indirect holders, not holders, of those securities.

Legal Holders

Our obligations, as well as the obligations of any applicable trustee and of any third parties employed by us or a trustee, run only to the legal holders of the securities. We do not have obligations to investors who hold beneficial interests in global securities, in street name or by any other indirect means. This will be the case whether an investor chooses to be an indirect holder of a security or has no choice because we are issuing the securities only in global form.

 

For example, once we make a payment or give a notice to the legal holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment or notice even if that legal holder is required, under agreements with its participants or customers or by law, to pass it along to the indirect holders but does not do so. Similarly, we may want to obtain the approval of the

26


legal holders to amend an indenture, to relieve us of the consequences of a default or of our obligation to comply with a particular provision of the indenture or for other purposes. In such an event, we would seek approval only from the holders, and not the indirect holders, of the securities. Whether and how the legal holders contact the indirect holders is up to the legal holders.

Special Considerations for Indirect Holders

If you hold securities through a bank, broker or other financial institution, either in book-entry form because the securities are represented by one or more global securities or in street name, you should check with your own institution to find out:

 

 

how it handles securities payments and notices;

 

whether it imposes fees or charges;

 

how it would handle a request for the holders’ consent, if ever required;

 

whether and how you can instruct it to send you securities registered in your own name so you can be a holder, if that is permitted in the future;

 

how it would exercise rights under the securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests; and

 

if the securities are in book-entry form, how the depositary’s rules and procedures will affect these matters.

Global Securities

A global security is a security that represents one or any other number of individual securities held by a depositary. Generally, all securities represented by the same global securities will have the same terms.

Each security issued in book-entry form will be represented by a global security that we issue to, deposit with and register in the name of a financial institution or its nominee that we select. The financial institution that we select for this purpose is called the depositary. Unless we specify otherwise in any applicable prospectus supplement, DTC will be the depositary for all securities issued in book-entry form.

A global security may not be transferred to or registered in the name of anyone other than the depositary, its nominee or a successor depositary, unless special termination situations arise. We describe those situations below under Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated. As a result of these arrangements, the depositary, or its nominee, will be the sole registered owner and legal holder of all securities represented by a global security, and investors will be permitted to own only beneficial interests in a global security. Beneficial interests must be held by means of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary or with another institution that does. Thus, an investor whose security is represented by a global security will not be a legal holder of the security, but only an indirect holder of a beneficial interest in the global security.

If the prospectus supplement for a particular security indicates that the security will be issued in global form only, then the security will be represented by a global security at all times unless and until the global security is terminated. If termination occurs, we may issue the securities through another book-entry clearing system or decide that the securities may no longer be held through any book-entry clearing system.

Special Considerations for Global Securities

The rights of an indirect holder relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investors financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. We do not recognize an indirect holder as a holder of securities and instead deal only with the depositary that holds the global security.

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If securities are issued only in the form of a global security, an investor should be aware of the following:

 

 

an investor cannot cause the securities to be registered in his or her name, and cannot obtain non-global certificates for his or her interest in the securities, except in the special situations we describe below;

 

an investor will be an indirect holder and must look to his or her own bank, broker or other financial institution for payments on the securities and protection of his or her legal rights relating to the securities, as we describe above;

 

an investor may not be able to sell interests in the securities to some insurance companies and to other institutions that are required by law to own their securities in non-book-entry form;

 

an investor may not be able to pledge his or her interest in a global security in circumstances where certificates representing the securities must be delivered to the lender or other beneficiary of the pledge in order for the pledge to be effective;

 

the depositary’s policies, which may change from time to time, will govern payments, transfers, exchanges and other matters relating to an investor’s interest in a global security;

 

we and any applicable trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in a global security, nor do we or any applicable trustee supervise the depositary in any way;

 

the depositary may, and we understand that DTC will, require that those who purchase and sell interests in a global security within its book-entry system use immediately available funds, and your bank, broker or other financial institution may require you to do so as well; and

 

financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system, and through which an investor holds its interest in a global security, may also have their own policies affecting payments, notices and other matters relating to the securities.

There may be more than one financial intermediary in the chain of ownership for an investor. We do not monitor and are not responsible for the actions of any of those intermediaries.

Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated

In a few special situations described below, the global security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing those interests. After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold securities directly or in street name will be up to the investor. Investors must consult their own banks, brokers or other financial institutions to find out how to have their interests in securities transferred to their own name, so that they will be direct holders. We have described the rights of holders and street name investors above.

Unless we provide otherwise in any applicable prospectus supplement, the global security will terminate when the following special situations occur:

 

 

if the depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as depositary for that global security and we do not appoint another institution to act as depositary within 90 days;

 

if we notify any applicable trustee that we wish to terminate that global security; or

 

if an event of default has occurred with regard to securities represented by that global security and has not been cured or waived.

The prospectus supplement may also list additional situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to the particular series of securities covered by any applicable prospectus supplement. When a global security terminates, the depositary, and not we or any applicable trustee, is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.


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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may sell the securities from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, direct sales to the public, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods. We may sell the securities to or through underwriters or dealers, through agents, or directly to one or more purchasers. We may distribute securities from time to time in one or more transactions:

 

 

at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;

 

at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;

 

at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or

 

at negotiated prices.

We may also sell equity securities covered by this registration statement in an at the market offering as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. Such offering may be made into an existing trading market for such securities in transactions at other than a fixed price, either:

 

 

on or through the facilities of The Nasdaq Capital Market or any other securities exchange or quotation or trading service on which such securities may be listed, quoted or traded at the time of sale; and/or

 

other than on The Nasdaq Capital Market or such other securities exchanges or quotation or trading services.

Such at the market offerings, if any, may be conducted by underwriters acting as principal or agent.

A prospectus supplement or supplements (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) will describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

 

 

the name or names of the underwriters, if any;

 

the purchase price of the securities or other consideration therefor, and the proceeds, if any, we will receive from the sale;

 

any over-allotment or other options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us;

 

any agency fees or underwriting discounts and other items constituting agents’ or underwriters’ compensation;

 

any public offering price;

 

any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and

 

any securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed.

Only underwriters named in the prospectus supplement will be underwriters of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement.

If underwriters are used in the sale, they will acquire the securities for their own account and may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to the conditions set forth in the applicable underwriting agreement. We may offer the securities to the public through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or by underwriters without a syndicate. Subject to certain conditions, the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement, other than securities covered by any over-allotment or other option. Any public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers may change from time to time. We may use underwriters with whom we have a material relationship. We will describe in the prospectus supplement, naming the

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underwriter, the nature of any such relationship.

We may sell securities directly or through agents we designate from time to time. We will name any agent involved in the offering and sale of securities and we will describe any commissions we will pay the agent in an applicable prospectus supplement. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, our agent will act on a best-efforts basis for the period of its appointment.

We may authorize agents or underwriters to solicit offers by certain types of institutional investors to purchase securities from us at the public offering price set forth in an applicable prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. We will describe the conditions to these contracts and the commissions we must pay for solicitation of these contracts in the prospectus supplement.

We may provide agents and underwriters with indemnification against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribution with respect to payments that the agents or underwriters may make with respect to these liabilities. Agents and underwriters may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of business.

All securities we may offer, other than common stock, will be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters may make a market in these securities, but will not be obligated to do so, and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We cannot guarantee the liquidity of the trading markets for any securities.

Any underwriter may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, short-covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Over-allotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum price. Syndicate-covering or other short-covering transactions involve purchases of the securities, either through exercise of the over-allotment option or in the open market after the distribution is completed, to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a stabilizing or covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would otherwise be. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time.

Any underwriters or agents that are qualified market makers on The Nasdaq Capital Market may engage in passive market making transactions in the common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act, during the business day prior to the pricing of the offering, before the commencement of offers or sales of the common stock. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market makers bid, however, the passive market makers bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded. Passive market making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

In compliance with guidelines of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, the maximum consideration or discount to be received by any FINRA member or independent broker dealer may not exceed 8% of the aggregate amount of the securities offered pursuant to this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement.


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LEGAL MATTERS

Unless otherwise indicated in any applicable prospectus supplement, Cooley LLP, Broomfield, Colorado, will pass upon the validity of the securities offered by this prospectus and any supplement thereto. Additional legal matters may be passed upon for us or any underwriters, dealers or agents by counsel that we name in any applicable prospectus supplement.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Miragen Therapeutics, Inc., as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and for the years then ended, and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, have been incorporated by reference herein and in the registration statement, in reliance upon the reports of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The audit report covering the December 31, 2019 financial statements refers to a change to the method of accounting for revenue due to the adoption of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and other reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K, including any amendments to those reports, and other information that we file with or furnish to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act can also be accessed free of charge through the Internet. These filings will be available as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.


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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents instead of having to repeat the information in this prospectus. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and later information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below that we have filed with the SEC (Commission File No. 001-36483) and any future filings (including those made after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement) we will make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act until the termination of the offering of the securities covered by this prospectus (other than information furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K): 

 

 

our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on March 13, 2020 (including the information specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 from our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A (other than information furnished rather than filed));

 

our Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments thereto (excluding any reports or portions thereof that are deemed to be furnished and not filed) filed with the SEC on the following dates: January 30, 2020, February 6, 2020, February 7, 2020 and February 19, 2020; and

 

the description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on June 6, 2014, including any amendments thereto or reports filed for the purposes of updating this description.

Any statement contained in this prospectus or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this or any other subsequently filed document that is deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus modifies or supersedes the statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.

You should rely only on information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

You can request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number:

Miragen Therapeutics, Inc.

6200 Lookout Road

Boulder, CO 80301

Attn: Investor Relations

Tel: (720) 407-4595 

Email: investorrelations@miragenrx.com

This prospectus is part of a registration statement we filed with the SEC. That registration statement and the exhibits filed along with the registration statement contain more information about us and the shares in this offering. Because information about documents referred to in this prospectus is not always complete, you should read the full documents which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement. You may read and copy the full registration statement and its exhibits at the SECs public reference rooms or its website.

 

 

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The information contained in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion, Dated March 26, 2020

 

PROSPECTUS

Up to $14,900,000 of Shares of Common Stock

Pursuant to this prospectus, we are offering up to $14.9 million in the aggregate amount, or the Purchase Shares, of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share, to Aspire Capital Fund, LLC, an Illinois limited liability company, or Aspire Capital, under a Common Stock Purchase Agreement entered into on December 11, 2019, or the Purchase Agreement. As of March 25, 2020, we have sold 3,798,465 shares of our common stock as Purchase Shares, plus 959,079 shares of our common stock as “Commitment Shares”, under the Purchase Agreement pursuant to our registration statement on Form S-3 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on March 31, 2017, and declared effective on April 25, 2017 (File No. 333-217084), or the Prior Registration Statement. See “The Aspire Transaction” for a description of the Purchase Agreement and additional information regarding Aspire Capital. Aspire Capital is an “underwriter” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act.

The shares offered include Purchase Shares with an aggregate offering price of up to $14.9 million which may be sold from time to time to Aspire Capital over the 30-month term of the Purchase Agreement. The purchase price for the Purchase Shares will be based upon one of two formulas set forth in the Purchase Agreement depending on the type of purchase notice we submit to Aspire Capital from time to time. Please see “The Aspire Transaction” for more details on how the price for sales of the Purchase Shares (excluding the Initial Purchase Shares) will be determined.

Our common stock is traded on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MGEN.” On March 25, 2020, the last reported sales price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market was $0.4832 per share.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” on page S-5 of this prospectus and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is                 , 2020.


 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUSS-i

PROSPECTUS SUMMARYS-1

THE OFFERINGS-3

RISK FACTORSS-5

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTSS-8

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCKS-9

USE OF PROCEEDSS-14

DIVIDEND POLICYS-15

DILUTIONS-16

THE ASPIRE TRANSACTIONS-17

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTIONS-21

LEGAL MATTERSS-22

EXPERTSS-22

WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONS-22

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCES-23

 

 

 

 


ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus relates to the offering of our common stock. Before buying any of the common stock that we are offering, we urge you to carefully read this prospectus, together with the information incorporated by reference as described under the headings Where You Can Find More Information and Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference in this prospectus. These documents contain important information that you should consider when making your investment decision.

This prospectus describes the terms of this offering of our common stock and also adds to and updates information contained in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus, on the one hand, and the information contained in any document incorporated by reference into this prospectus that was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, before the date of this prospectus, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus. If any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date (for example, a document incorporated by reference into this prospectus) the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.

You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus and in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering. We have not, and the sales agent has not, authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not, and the sales agent is not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, is accurate only as of the date of those respective documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. You should read this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, in their entirety before making an investment decision.

This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under the heading Where You Can Find More Information.

This prospectus incorporates by reference, and any free writing prospectus may contain and incorporate by reference, industry, statistical and market data from our own internal estimates and research as well as from industry and general publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. Industry publications, studies and surveys generally state that they have been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. While we believe that each of these studies and publications is reliable, we have not independently verified statistical, market and industry data from third-party sources. While we believe our internal company research is reliable and the market definitions are appropriate, neither such research nor these definitions have been verified by any independent source.

We further note that the representations, warranties and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit or incorporated by reference to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties or covenants were accurate only as of the date when made. Accordingly, such representations, warranties and covenants should not be relied on as accurately representing the current state of our affairs.

This prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference include trademarks, service marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any related free writing prospectus are the property of their respective owners.

i


Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this prospectus to “Miragen,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Miragen Therapeutics, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

 

 

ii


PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

The following summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus or incorporated by reference herein and does not contain all the information that may be important to purchasers of our common stock. For a more complete understanding of our company and this offering, we encourage you to read and consider carefully the more detailed information in this prospectus, including the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and the information included in any free writing prospectus that we may authorize for use in connection with this offering, including the information referred to under the heading “Risk Factors” on page S-5 of this prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

Company Overview

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company discovering and developing proprietary RNA-targeted therapies with a specific focus on microRNAs and their role in diseases where there is a high unmet medical need. We have three clinical stage product candidates: cobomarsen, remlarsen, and MRG-110. We are developing cobomarsen for the treatment of patients with certain cancers that have elevated microRNA-155, or miR-155, including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, or CTCL, and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, or ATLL. Cobomarsen is an inhibitor of miR-155, which is found at abnormally high levels in malignant cells of several blood cancers. We are also developing remlarsen and MRG-229, which are product candidates being developed for the potential treatment of patients with pathological fibrosis, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, or IPF. These product candidates are replacements for miR-29, which is found at abnormally low levels in a number of pathological fibrotic conditions, including cutaneous, cardiac, renal, hepatic, pulmonary and ocular fibrosis, as well as in systemic sclerosis. MRG-110, an inhibitor of microRNA-92, or miR-92, is our product candidate for the treatment of heart failure, wound healing, and other ischemic disease.

We believe our experience in microRNA biology and chemistry, drug discovery, bioinformatics, translational medicine, and drug development allows us to identify and develop microRNA-targeted drugs that are designed to regulate gene pathways to return diseased tissues to a healthy state. We believe that our drug discovery and development strategy will enable us to progress our product candidates from preclinical discovery to confirmation of mechanism of action in humans quickly and efficiently. The elements of this strategy include identification of mechanistic biomarkers, in early-stage clinical trials to assess target engagement in humans, as well as monitoring outcomes in these early-stage clinical trials to help guide later clinical development.

Risks Associated with our Business

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those highlighted in the section titled “Risk Factors” on page S-5 of this prospectus and those described under similar headings in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus. These risks include:

 

 

We will need to raise additional capital, and if we are unable to do so when needed, we will not be able to continue as a going concern.

 

In the past, our management has concluded that, due to our need for additional capital and the uncertainties surrounding our ability to raise such funding, substantial doubt existed as to our ability to continue as a going concern, and our management may make a similar determination in the future.

 

We have historically incurred losses, have a limited operating history on which to assess our business, and anticipate that we will continue to incur significant losses for the foreseeable future.

 

We have never generated any revenue from product sales and may never be profitable.

 

Raising additional capital may cause dilution to our stockholders, restrict our operations, or require us to relinquish rights.

 

Clinical trials are costly, time consuming, and inherently risky, and we may fail to demonstrate safety and efficacy to the satisfaction of applicable regulatory authorities.

 

The approach we are taking to discover and develop novel therapeutics that target microRNAs is unproven and may never lead to marketable products.

 

Our microRNA-targeted therapeutic product candidates are based on a relatively novel technology, which makes it

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unusually difficult to predict the time and cost of development and the time and cost, or likelihood, of subsequently obtaining regulatory approval. To date, no microRNA-targeted therapeutics have been approved for marketing in the United States.

 

We may not be successful in obtaining or maintaining necessary rights to microRNA targets, product compounds and processes for our development pipeline through acquisitions and in-licenses.

 

We intend to rely on patent rights for our product candidates and any future product candidates. If we are unable to obtain or maintain exclusivity from the combination of these approaches, we may not be able to compete effectively in our markets.

 

We may not have sufficient patent term protections for our product candidates to effectively protect our business.

 

Third-party claims of intellectual property infringement may prevent or delay our development and commercialization efforts.

 

We may not be successful in meeting our obligations under our existing license agreements necessary to maintain our product candidate licenses in effect. In addition, if required in order to commercialize our product candidates, we may be unsuccessful in obtaining or maintaining necessary rights to our product candidates through acquisitions and in-licenses.

 

 

The market price of our common stock has historically been volatile, and the market price of our common stock may drop in the future.

 

Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market could result in a delisting of our common stock.

 

We do not anticipate that we will pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

Historically, there has not been an active trading market for our common stock, and we cannot guarantee an active market for our common stock will be sustained in the future. As a result, our stockholders may not be able to resell their shares of common stock for a profit, if at all.

Corporate Information

We were originally formed in December 2010 as a Delaware limited liability company named Signal Genetics LLC. Immediately prior to the pricing of our initial public offering, in June 2014, we converted from a Delaware limited liability company to a Delaware corporation. In February 2017, we acquired a privately held company named Miragen Therapeutics, Inc., and immediately following the acquisition, we changed our name to Miragen Therapeutics, Inc. Our common stock began trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol MGEN on February 14, 2017.

Our principal executive office is located at 6200 Lookout Road, Boulder, CO 80301, and our telephone number is (303) 531-5952. Our corporate website address is www.miragen.com. The contents of our website are not incorporated into this prospectus, and our reference to the URL for our website is intended to be an inactive textual reference only.


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THE OFFERING

 

Common stock offered by us

Up to $14.9 million of Purchase Shares that we may sell to Aspire Capital from time to time over the term of the Purchase Agreement, at our sole discretion, in accordance with the Purchase Agreement.

Common stock outstanding before this offering

53,077,348 (as of March 25, 2020)

 

Common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering

Up to 83,913,440 shares, assuming the issuance of an additional 30,836,092 Purchase Shares at an assumed price of $0.4832 per share, which was the closing price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market on March 25, 2020. The actual number of Purchase Shares issued will vary depending on the sales prices under this offering, but will not be greater than 6,457,635, which number includes the 959,079 Commitment Shares issued upon entry into the Purchase Agreement, the 3,798,465 Purchase Shares we have previously issued under the Purchase Agreement and up to 1,700,091 additional Purchase Shares, in the aggregate representing 19.99% of the shares of our common stock outstanding on the date of the Purchase Agreement, unless such sales are made in accordance with applicable rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC.

 

Manner of offering

We will issue Purchase Shares to Aspire Capital from time to time, subject to certain minimum stock price requirements, and daily and other caps, for an aggregate offering price of up to $14.9 million. See “The Aspire Transaction” and “Plan of Distribution.”

 

Use of proceeds

Any proceeds from Aspire Capital that we receive under the Purchase Agreement are expected be used to advance the development of MRG-229, as well as general corporate purposes including business development initiatives.

 

 

See “Use of Proceeds” on page S-14 of this prospectus for more information.

 

Market for the common stock

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MGEN”.

 

Risk factors

Investing in our common stock involves significant risks. See “Risk Factors” on page S-5 of this prospectus, and under similar headings in other documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus and accompanying prospectus, for a discussion of certain factors to consider carefully before deciding to purchase any shares of our common stock.

The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after the offering is based on the number of shares outstanding as of March 25, 2020. As of that date, we had 53,077,348 shares of common stock outstanding, excluding, in each case as of March 25, 2020:

 

5,190,160 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of our options outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $3.72 per share;

 

7,535,815 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of our warrants outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $1.13 per share;

 

1,509,895 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2016 Equity Incentive Plan and any shares of our common stock that become available pursuant to provisions in such plan that automatically increase the share reserve on January 1 of each calendar year; and

 

994,135 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2016 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and any shares of our common stock that become available pursuant to provisions in such plan that automatically increase the share reserve on January 1 of each calendar year. 

Except as otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes:

 

no exercise of our outstanding options to purchase our common stock since March 25, 2020; and

 

no exercise of our outstanding warrants to purchase our common stock since March 25, 2020.

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The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding immediately following this offering as shown above does not include up to $37.9 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at March 25, 2020 under our Common Stock Sales Agreement with Cowen and Company, LLC, or the ATM Agreement.

 

The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding immediately following this offering as shown above does not include up to $3.5 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at March 25, 2020 under our Common Stock Purchase Agreement, or the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement, with LLS TAP Miragen, LLC, or LLS TAP, as assignee of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, or LLS.


4


RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before deciding whether to invest in our securities, you should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus and discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as may be amended or updated by subsequent reports that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus in their entirety. The risks described in these documents are not the only ones we face, but those that we consider to be material. There may be other unknown or unpredictable economic, business, competitive, regulatory or other factors that could have material adverse effects on our future results. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow could be adversely affected, which could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment. Please also read carefully the discussion below under the heading “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Risks Related to this Offering

 

Sales of our common stock to Aspire Capital may cause substantial dilution to our existing stockholders and the sale of the shares of our common stock acquired by Aspire Capital could cause the price of our common stock to decline.

This prospectus relates to up to $14.9 million of Purchase Shares that we may issue and sell to Aspire Capital from time to time pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. It is anticipated that shares offered to Aspire Capital in this offering will be sold over a period of up to 30 months from the date of the Purchase Agreement. The number of shares ultimately offered for sale to Aspire Capital under this prospectus is dependent upon the number of shares we elect to sell to Aspire Capital under the Purchase Agreement. Depending upon market liquidity at the time, sales of shares of our common stock under the Purchase Agreement may cause the trading price of our common stock to decline.

 

Aspire Capital may ultimately purchase all, some or none of the Purchase Shares remaining for sale under the Purchase Agreement. After Aspire Capital has acquired shares under the Purchase Agreement, it may sell all, some or none of those shares. Sales to Aspire Capital by us pursuant to the Purchase Agreement under this prospectus may result in substantial dilution to the interests of other holders of our common stock. The sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock to Aspire Capital in this offering, or anticipation of such sales, could make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and at a price that we might otherwise wish to effect sales. However, we have the right to control the timing and amount of any sales of our shares to Aspire Capital and the Purchase Agreement may be terminated by us at any time at our discretion without any cost to us.

 

We have a right to sell up to 200,000 Purchase Shares per day under our Purchase Agreement with Aspire Capital, which total may be increased by mutual agreement up to an additional 2,000,000 Purchase Shares per day. In addition, on any date on which we submit a purchase notice to Aspire Capital for at least 200,000 Purchase Shares, we also have the right, in our sole discretion, to present Aspire Capital with a volume-weighted average price purchase notice directing Aspire Capital to purchase an additional amount of our common stock equal to up to 30% of the aggregate shares of common stock traded on the next business day subject to a maximum number of shares determined by us. The extent to which we rely on Aspire Capital as a source of funding will depend on a number of factors, including the prevailing market price of our common stock and the extent to which we are able to secure working capital from other sources. The aggregate number of shares that we can sell to Aspire Capital under the Purchase Agreement may in no case exceed 6,457,635 shares of our common stock (which is equal to approximately 19.99% of the common stock outstanding on the date of the Purchase Agreement), or the Exchange Cap, including the 959,079 Commitment Shares and the 3,798,465 Purchase Shares previously sold to Aspire Capital under the Prior Registration Statement unless stockholder approval is obtained to issue more or such sales otherwise would comply with the listing rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC, in which case the Exchange Cap will not apply.

 

Future sales of a significant number of our shares of common stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our shares of common stock.

Sales of a substantial number of our shares of common stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our shares of common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. A substantial number of shares of common stock are being offered by this prospectus, and we cannot predict if and when Aspire Capital may sell such shares in the public markets. We cannot predict the number of these shares that might be sold nor the effect that future sales of our shares of common stock would have on the market price of our shares of common stock.

 

5


We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this offering and we may not use them effectively.

Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering, including for any of the purposes described in the section titled “Use of Proceeds,” and you will be relying on the judgment of our management regarding the application of these proceeds. You will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. Our management might not apply the net proceeds or our existing cash in ways that ultimately increase the value of your investment. If we do not invest or apply the net proceeds from this offering or our existing cash in ways that enhance stockholder value, we may fail to achieve expected financial results, which could cause our stock price to decline. We intend to use the net proceeds from the offering to advance the development of MRG-229, as well as general corporate purposes. These investments may not yield a favorable return to our stockholders. See “Use of Proceeds.”

 

Raising additional capital, including as a result of this offering, may cause dilution to our stockholders, restrict our operations or require us to relinquish rights to our product candidates.

Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial revenue from the sale of our product candidates, we expect to finance our cash needs through a combination of equity offerings, debt financings and license and development agreements. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity securities, including from this offering or additional sales under the ATM Agreement, or convertible debt securities, your ownership interest will be diluted. Additionally, the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect your rights as a common stockholder. Debt financing and preferred equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends.

 

If we raise additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances or marketing, distribution or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may be required to relinquish valuable rights to our research programs or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings or other arrangements with third parties when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to third parties to develop and market product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.

 

To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity, including pursuant to any sales under the ATM Agreement, the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement, convertible debt or other securities convertible into equity, the ownership interest of our stockholders will be diluted, and the terms of these new securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect rights of our stockholders. For instance, through the date of this prospectus, in addition to the shares we have sold under the Purchase Agreement, we had sold (i) pursuant to the terms of the ATM Agreement, 2,846,449 shares of our common stock for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $12.1 million, and (ii) pursuant to the terms of the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement, 757,351 shares of our common stock for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $1.4 million. We anticipate that we will continue to make sales of our common stock under the ATM Agreement from time to time into the foreseeable future, and we may sell shares of our common stock of up to $37.9 million in additional aggregate value under the ATM Agreement. As a result of the modifications of the SOLAR trial we announced in December 2019, we do not anticipate meeting the milestones under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement and as such, do not expect we will receive the remaining $3.5 million in proceeds available under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement unless the agreement is amended, which we can provide no assurances will occur. As a result, we may need to finance sooner than we previously anticipated. We cannot guarantee that the terms of any other financing arrangement will not be substantially more restrictive than those contained in the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement. Sales under the ATM Agreement or the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement dilute the ownership interest of our stockholders and may cause the price per share of our common stock to decrease.

 

Terms of subsequent financings may adversely impact our stockholders.

To finance our future business plans and working capital needs, we will have to raise funds through the issuance of equity or debt securities in addition to sales in this offering. Depending on the type and the terms of any financing we pursue, stockholders’ rights and the value of their investment in our common stock could be reduced. A financing could involve one or more types of securities including common stock, convertible debt or warrants to acquire common stock. These securities could be issued at or below the then prevailing market price for our common stock. In addition, if we issue secured debt securities, the holders of the debt would have a claim to our assets that would be senior to the rights of stockholders until the debt is paid. Interest on these debt securities would increase costs and negatively impact operating results. If the issuance of new securities results in diminished rights to holders of our common stock, the market price of our common stock could be negatively impacted.

 

6


Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market could result in a delisting of our common stock.

 

Our common stock is currently listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market. To maintain the listing of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market, we are required to meet certain listing requirements, including, among others, a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share.

 

If we fail to satisfy the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market, such as the corporate governance requirements or the minimum closing bid price requirement, The Nasdaq Capital Market may take steps to delist our common stock, which could have a materially adverse effect on our ability to raise additional funds as well as the price and liquidity of our common stock. Such a delisting would likely have a negative effect on the price of our common stock and would impair our stockholders’ ability to sell or purchase our common stock when they wish to do so. In the event of a delisting, we can provide no assurance that any action taken by us to restore compliance with listing requirements would allow our common stock to become listed again, stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of our common stock, prevent our common stock from dropping below the Nasdaq minimum bid price requirement, or prevent future non-compliance with The Nasdaq Capital Market’s listing requirements.

 

On October 28, 2019, we received a letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, or Nasdaq, notifying us that the listing of our common stock was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market, as the minimum bid price of our listed securities was less than $1.00 per share for the previous 30 consecutive business days. Under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), we have a period of 180 calendar days, or until April 27, 2020, to regain compliance with the rule. To regain compliance, during this 180-day compliance period, the minimum bid price of our listed securities must close at $1.00 per share or more for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days.

 

In the event that we do not regain compliance with the Nasdaq Listing Rules prior to the expiration of the 180-day compliance period, we may be eligible for additional time to regain compliance pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A)(ii) by meeting the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares and all other applicable standards for initial listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market, with the exception of the minimum bid price requirement. In addition, we would need to provide written notice to Nasdaq of our intention to cure the minimum bid price deficiency during the second compliance period by effecting a reverse stock split, if necessary. As part of its review process, the Nasdaq staff will make a determination of whether it believes we will be able to cure this deficiency. Should the Nasdaq staff conclude that we will not be able to cure the deficiency, or should we determine not to make the required representation, Nasdaq will provide notice that our shares of common stock will be subject to delisting.

 

If we do not regain compliance within the allotted compliance period(s), including any extensions that may be granted by Nasdaq, Nasdaq will provide notice that our shares of common stock will be subject to delisting. At such time, we may appeal the delisting determination to a hearings panel pursuant to the procedures set forth in the applicable Nasdaq Listing Rules. We intend to actively monitor the minimum bid price of our listed securities and, as appropriate, will consider available options to resolve the deficiencies and regain compliance with the Nasdaq Listing Rules, including effecting a reverse stock split.

 

There can be no assurance that we will be successful in maintaining the listing of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market. This could impair the liquidity and market price of our common stock. In addition, the delisting of our common stock from a national exchange could have a material adverse effect on our access to capital markets, and any limitation on market liquidity or reduction in the price of our common stock as a result of that delisting could adversely affect our ability to raise capital on terms acceptable to us, or at all.

 

We do not currently intend to pay dividends on our common stock, and any return to investors is expected to come, if at all, only from potential increases in the price of our common stock.

At the present time, we intend to use available funds to finance our operations. Accordingly, while payment of dividends rests within the discretion of our board of directors, we have no intention of paying any such dividends in the foreseeable future. Any return to investors is expected to come, if at all, only from potential increases in the price of our common stock.

 


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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains, and any free writing prospectus we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, including the documents we incorporate by reference herein may contain, forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties for purposes of the safe harbor provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this prospectus and the documents referenced above, other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected expenses, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “expect,” “predict,” “potential,” “opportunity,” “goals,” or “should,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

 

Such statements are based on management’s current expectations and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and performance could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including, without limitation, statements relating to:

 

our future research and development activities, including clinical testing and the costs and timing thereof;

 

our strategy, including clinical development of cobomarsen, our regulatory and clinical strategies for cobomarsen, remlarsen, MRG-229 and other product candidates, and the clinical and commercial potential of cobomarsen;

 

sufficiency of our cash resources;

 

our ability to raise additional funding when needed;

 

any statements concerning anticipated regulatory activities or licensing or collaborative arrangements;

 

our research and development and other expenses;

 

our operations and legal risks;

 

our ability to maintain listing on a national securities exchange;

 

our intended use of the net proceeds from this offering; and

 

any statement of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing.

We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described above under the heading “Risk Factors.” Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this prospectus may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.

We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.

 


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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following description of our capital stock and provisions of our certificate of incorporation, certificates of designation and amended and restated bylaws are summaries. You should also refer to certificate of incorporation and the amended and restated bylaws, which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is part.

General

As of the date of this prospectus, our certificate of incorporation, authorizes us to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. As of March 25, 2020, 53,077,348 shares of our common stock were outstanding, and no shares of our preferred stock were outstanding.

The following summary describes the material terms of our capital stock. The description of capital stock is qualified by reference to our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws.

Common Stock

Voting Rights

Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, except on matters relating solely to terms of preferred stock. Under our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights. Because of this, the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors can elect all of the directors standing for election, if they should so choose.

Dividends

Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then-outstanding preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably those dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of legally available funds.

Liquidation

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities and the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any then-outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Rights and Preferences

Holders of our common stock do not have any preemptive, conversion or subscription rights and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate in the future.

Fully Paid and Nonassessable

All of our outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and nonassessable.

Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

As of March 25, 2020, we had 7,535,815 outstanding warrants exercisable for up to an aggregate of 7,535,815 shares of our common stock. Of these warrants, there are warrants outstanding and exercisable for up to 7,500,000 shares of common stock that contain the following terms and conditions subject in all respects to the provisions contained in such warrants:

 

Exercisability. The warrants are exercisable at any time following their original issuance and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance. The warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part by

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delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice and by payment in full in immediately available funds for the number of shares of common stock purchased upon such exercise. If a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, is not then effective or available, and if a resale registration statement registering the resale of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants under the Securities Act is also not then effective or available, the holder may exercise the warrant through a cashless exercise, in whole or in part, in which case the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the warrant. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a warrant. In lieu of fractional shares, we will round down to the next whole share.

 

Exercise Limitation. Holders of the warrants do not have the right to exercise any portion of the warrant if the holder (together with its affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of our stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the warrants. However, any holder may increase such percentage up to 9.99%, provided that any increase in such percentage shall not be effective until 61 days after such notice to us.

 

Exercise Price. The initial exercise price per share of common stock purchasable upon exercise of each warrant is $1.10. The exercise price is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock.

 

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the warrants and generally including any reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification of our common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the holders of the warrants are entitled to receive upon exercise of the warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction. In addition, in the event of a fundamental transaction which is approved by our board of directors, the holders of the warrants have the right to require us or a successor entity to redeem the warrants for cash in the amount of the Black-Scholes value of the unexercised portion of the warrants on the date of the consummation of the fundamental transaction. In the event of a fundamental transaction which is not approved by our board of directors, the holders of the warrants have the right to require us or a successor entity to redeem the warrants for the consideration paid in the fundamental transaction in the amount of the Black Scholes value of the unexercised portion of the warrants on the date of the consummation of the fundamental transaction payable at our option in either shares of our common stock (or, in certain cases, in the securities of the successor entity) or cash. These provisions could reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive payments upon liquidation or in such a fundamental transaction.

 

Rights as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the warrants or by virtue of the holders’ ownership of shares of our common stock, the holders of our warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our common stock, including any voting rights, until the holders exercise the warrants.

In addition, as of March 25, 2020, we have additional warrants outstanding exercisable for up to an aggregate of 35,815 shares of our common stock, which warrants had a weighted average exercise price of $7.60 per share.

Preferred Stock

Pursuant to our certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders (unless such stockholder action is required by applicable law or stock exchange listing rules), to designate and issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series, to fix the designations, powers, preferences, privileges and relative participating, optional or special rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of the common stock, and to increase or decrease the number of shares of any such series, but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding.

Our board of directors, without stockholder approval, can issue preferred stock with voting, conversion or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of the holders of common stock. Preferred stock could be issued quickly with terms designed to delay or prevent a change in control of our company or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of decreasing the market price of the common stock and may adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation.

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The following summary of terms of our preferred stock is not complete. You should refer to the provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and the resolutions containing the terms of each class or series of the preferred stock which have been or will be filed with the SEC at or prior to the time of issuance of such class or series of preferred stock and described in any applicable prospectus supplement. Any applicable prospectus supplement may also state that any of the terms set forth herein are inapplicable to such series of preferred stock, provided that the information set forth in such prospectus supplement does not constitute material changes to the information herein such that it alters the nature of the offering or the securities offered.

We will fix the designations, voting powers, preferences and rights of the preferred stock of each series we issue under this prospectus, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock we are offering. We will describe in any applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of preferred stock being offered, including, to the extent applicable:

 

 

the title and stated value;

 

the number of shares we are offering;

 

the liquidation preference per share;

 

the purchase price;

 

the dividend rate, period and payment date and method of calculation for dividends;

 

whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;

 

the procedures for any auction and remarketing;

 

the provisions for a sinking fund;

 

the provisions for redemption or repurchase and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;

 

any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;

 

whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, and the conversion rate or conversion price, or how they will be calculated, and the conversion period;

 

whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities, and the exchange rate or exchange price, or how they will be calculated, and the exchange period;

 

voting rights of the preferred stock;

 

preemptive rights;

 

restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment;

 

whether interests in the preferred stock will be represented by depositary shares;

 

a discussion of material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;

 

the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;

 

any limitations on the issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and

 

any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the preferred stock.

If we issue shares of preferred stock under this prospectus, the shares will be fully paid and nonassessable.

The issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation. The issuance could have the effect of decreasing the market price of the common stock. The issuance of preferred stock also could have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control of us.

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Anti-Takeover Provisions

We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or Section 203. Section 203 generally prohibits a public Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless:

 

 

prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

 

upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding upon consummation of the transaction, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (i) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

 

on or subsequent to the consummation of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2⁄3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Section 203 defines a “business combination” to include:

 

 

any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

 

any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation;

 

subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

 

any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; and

 

the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as an entity or person who, together with the persons affiliates and associates, beneficially owns, or within three years prior to the time of determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that:

 

 

the authorized number of directors can be changed only by resolution of our board of directors;

 

our bylaws may be amended or repealed by our board of directors or stockholders;

 

our stockholders may not call special meetings of the stockholders or fill vacancies on our board of directors;

 

our stockholders may remove our directors only for cause;

 

all vacancies, including newly created directorships, may, except as otherwise required by law or subject to the rights of holders of preferred stock as designated from time to time, be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum;

 

our board of directors will be authorized to issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock, the rights of which will be determined at the discretion of our board of directors and that, if issued, could operate as a “poison pill” to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer to prevent an acquisition that ours board of directors does not approve;

 

our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights, and therefore our stockholders holding a majority of

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the shares of common stock outstanding will be able to elect all of our directors;

 

our stockholders must comply with advance notice provisions to bring business before or nominate directors for election at a stockholder meeting; and

 

the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employee to us or our stockholders, (3) any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or our certificate of incorporation or bylaws or (4) any action asserting a claim against us governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Notwithstanding the foregoing, these choice of forum provisions do not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction.

These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continued stability in the composition of our board of directors and its policies and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened acquisition of us. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. The provisions also are intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, these provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, they may also reduce fluctuations in the market price of our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts.

Potential Effects of Authorized but Unissued Stock

Our shares of common stock and preferred stock available for future issuance without stockholder approval. We may utilize these additional shares for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, to facilitate corporate acquisitions or payment as a dividend on the capital stock.

The existence of unissued and unreserved common stock and preferred stock may enable our board of directors to issue shares to persons friendly to current management or to issue preferred stock with terms that could render more difficult or discourage a third-party attempt to obtain control by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, thereby protecting the continuity of our management. In addition, our board of directors has the discretion to determine designations, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences of each series of preferred stock, all to the fullest extent permissible under the Delaware General Corporation Law and subject to any limitations set forth in our certificate of incorporation. The purpose of authorizing the board of directors to issue preferred stock and to determine the rights and preferences applicable to such preferred stock is to eliminate delays associated with a stockholder vote on specific issuances. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible financings, acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or could discourage a third party from acquiring, a majority of our outstanding voting stock.

Amendments to Governing Documents

Generally, the amendment of our certificate of incorporation requires approval by our board of directors and a majority vote of stockholders. Any amendment to our bylaws requires the approval of either a majority of our board of directors or approval of at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by the holders of our outstanding capital stock in elections of our board of directors.

Listing

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol MGEN.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is VStock Transfer, LLC. The transfer agent and registrars address is 18 Lafayette Place, Woodmere, New York 11598.

 


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USE OF PROCEEDS

We may receive up to an additional $14.9 million in aggregate gross proceeds under the Purchase Agreement from sales of Purchase Shares we may make to Aspire Capital after the date of this prospectus, excluding the $5.1 million in gross proceeds we received pursuant to the prior issuance and sale of the  Purchase Shares. We estimate that the net proceeds to us from the sale of our common stock to Aspire Capital pursuant to the Purchase Agreement will be up to approximately $19.9 million (including the proceeds received pursuant to the prior issuance and sale of Purchase Shares) over an approximately 30-month period beginning on the date of the Purchase Agreement, assuming that we sell the full amount of our common stock that we have the right, but not the obligation, to sell to Aspire Capital under the Purchase Agreement, and after estimated fees and expenses. We may sell fewer than all of the shares offered by this prospectus, in which case our net offering proceeds will be less. Because we are not obligated to sell any additional shares of our common stock under the Purchase Agreement, the actual total offering amount and proceeds to us, if any, are not determinable at this time. Other than the proceeds we have previously received for the sale of Purchase Shares prior to the date of this prospectus, there can be no assurance that we will receive any proceeds under or fully utilize the Purchase Agreement. See “Plan of Distribution” elsewhere in this prospectus for more information.

We intend to use the net proceeds from the Purchase Agreement to advance the development of MRG-229, as well as general corporate purposes including business development initiatives.

The expected use of the net proceeds from this offering represents our intentions based upon our current plans and business conditions, which could change in the future as our plans and business conditions evolve. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures depend on numerous factors, including the progress of our product candidate development, status and results from clinical trials, collaborations we may enter into with third parties for our product candidates, and any unforeseen cash needs.

Due to the uncertainties inherent in the clinical development and regulatory process, it is difficult to estimate with certainty the exact amounts of the net proceeds from this offering, if any, that may be used for any purpose. As a result, our management will have broad discretion in applying the net proceeds from this offering. Pending their ultimate use, we plan to invest the net proceeds from this offering in short- and intermediate-term, interest bearing obligations, investment-grade instruments, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government.

 


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DIVIDEND POLICY

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock. We anticipate that we will retain all of our future earnings, if any, for use in the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to declare cash dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to compliance with certain covenants under our credit facility, which restricts or limits our ability to declare or pay dividends.

 

 


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DILUTION

Additional sales of our common stock to Aspire Capital pursuant to the Purchase Agreement will have a dilutive impact on our stockholders. In addition, the lower our stock price is at the time we exercise our right to sell shares of common stock to Aspire Capital, the more shares of our common stock we will have to issue to Aspire Capital pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and our existing stockholders would experience greater dilution.

The net tangible book value of our common stock as of December 31, 2019 was approximately $15.2 million, or $0.4369 per share of common stock. The net tangible book value per share of our common stock is determined by dividing our total tangible assets, less total liabilities, by the number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2019. Dilution with respect to net tangible book value per share represents the difference between the amount per share paid by Aspire Capital in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering.

After giving effect to the sale of up to 30,836,092 additional Purchase Shares (without giving effect to the Exchange Cap) for gross proceeds of $14.9 million at an assumed offering price of $0.4832 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market on March 25, 2020, and after deducting estimated offering expenses payable by us, our net tangible book value as of December 31, 2019 would have been $29.6 million, or $0.4503 per share of common stock. This represents an immediate increase in the net tangible book value of $0.0134 per share to our existing stockholders. The following table illustrates this per share dilution:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assumed offering price per share

 

 

 

 

$0.4832

 

Net tangible book value per share of as of December 31, 2019

 

$0.4369

 

 

 

 

Increase per share attributable to Aspire Capital

 

$0.0134

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As adjusted net tangible book value per share as of December 31, after giving effect to this offering

 

 

 

 

$0.4503

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net dilution per share to Aspire Capital

 

 

 

 

$0.0329

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The above discussion and table are based on the number of shares outstanding as of December 31, 2019. As of that date, we had 34,861,876 shares of common stock outstanding, excluding, in each case as of December 31, 2019:

 

3,496,600 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of our options outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $5.19 per share;

 

46,522 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of our warrants outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $17.93 per share;

 

1,826,218 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2016 Equity Incentive Plan and any shares of our common stock that become available pursuant to provisions in such plan that automatically increase the share reserve on January 1 of each calendar year; and

 

622,346 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2016 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and any shares of our common stock that become available pursuant to provisions in such plan that automatically increase the share reserve on January 1 of each calendar year.

The above discussion and table do not include up to $19.0 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at December 31, 2019 under the Purchase Agreement. Between December 31, 2019 and the date of this prospectus, 2,200,000 shares were sold under the Purchase Agreement for gross proceeds of $4.1 million.

The above discussion and table do not include up to $38.6 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at December 31, 2019 under the ATM Agreement. Between December 31, 2019 and the date of this prospectus, 975,063 shares were sold under the ATM Agreement for gross proceeds of $0.7 million.

The above discussion and table also do not include up to $3.5 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at December 31, 2019 under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement. Between December 31, 2019 and the date of this prospectus, no additional shares were sold under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement.

The above discussion and table also do not include up to 7,500,000 of shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants issued in February 2020 at an exercise price of $1.10 per share.

To the extent that any of these shares are issued upon exercise of our outstanding options or outstanding warrants, our existing stockholders and the investors purchasing our common stock in this offering will experience further dilution. In addition, we may

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choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of these securities could result in further dilution to our stockholders.

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THE ASPIRE TRANSACTION

 

General

On December 11, 2019, we entered into the Purchase Agreement with Aspire Capital, which provides that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions and limitations set forth therein, Aspire Capital is committed to purchase up to an aggregate of $20.0 million of Purchase Shares (including 1,598,465 shares purchased on December 11, 2019 as “Initial Purchase Shares” at a purchase price of $0.6256 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $1.0 million, and shares purchased as Purchase Shares from time to time thereafter for an aggregate purchase price of $19.0 million) from time to time over the 30-month term of the Purchase Agreement. As consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement, we agreed to issue 959,079 Commitment Shares.

 

We are filing this prospectus with regard to the offering of our common stock consisting of an additional Purchase Shares in an aggregate amount of up to $14.9 million that we may sell to Aspire Capital pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.

 

Purchase of Shares under the Purchase Agreement

 

On December 11, 2019, the conditions necessary for purchases under the Purchase Agreement to commence were satisfied. On any business day over the 30-month term of the Purchase Agreement, we have the right, in our sole discretion, to present Aspire Capital with a purchase notice, each, a Purchase Notice, directing Aspire Capital to purchase up to 200,000 Purchase Shares per business day, provided that Aspire Capital will not be required to buy Purchase Shares pursuant to a Purchase Notice that was received by Aspire Capital on any business day on which the last closing trade price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market (or alternative national exchange in accordance with the Purchase Agreement) is below $0.25 (which price shall not be adjusted for any stock splits or other similar transactions), or the Floor Price. We and Aspire Capital also may mutually agree to increase the number of shares that may be sold to as much as an additional 2,000,000 Purchase Shares per business day. The purchase price per Purchase Share, other than the Initial Purchase Shares, pursuant to such Purchase Notice, or the Purchase Price is the lower of:

 

 

(i)

the lowest sale price for our common stock on the date of sale; or

 

 

(ii)

the average of the three lowest closing sale prices for our common stock during the 10 consecutive business days ending on the business day immediately preceding the purchase date.

 

The applicable Purchase Price will be determined prior to delivery of any Purchase Notice. The purchase price of the Initial Purchase Shares was based on the average of the closing prices of our common stock for the five trading days prior to December 11, 2019.

 

In addition, on any date on which we submit a Purchase Notice to Aspire Capital for at least 200,000 Purchase Shares, we also have the right, in our sole discretion, to present Aspire Capital with a volume-weighted average price purchase notice, each, a VWAP Purchase Notice, directing Aspire Capital to purchase an additional amount of our common stock equal to up to 30% of the aggregate shares of common stock traded on the next business day, or the VWAP Purchase Date, subject to a maximum number of shares determined by us, or the VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum. The purchase price per Purchase Share pursuant to such VWAP Purchase Notice, or the VWAP Purchase Price, shall be the lesser of the closing sale price of our common stock on the VWAP Purchase Date or 97% of the volume weighted average price for our common stock traded on The Nasdaq Capital Market on (i) the VWAP Purchase Date if the aggregate shares to be purchased on that date does not exceed the VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum and the sale price of our common stock has not fallen below a price equal to (a) 80% of the closing sales price of our common stock on the business day immediately preceding the VWAP Purchase Date or (b) such higher price as set forth by us in the VWAP Purchase Notice, or the VWAP Minimum Price Threshold, or (ii) the portion of such business day until such time as the sooner to occur of (x) the time at which the aggregate shares to be purchased will equal the VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum or (y) the time at which the sales price of our common stock falls below the VWAP Minimum Price Threshold..

 

The number of Purchase Shares covered by and timing of each Purchase Notice are determined by the Company, at our sole discretion. The aggregate number of shares that we can sell to Aspire Capital under the Purchase Agreement may in no case exceed the Exchange Cap unless (i) stockholder approval is obtained to issue shares beyond the Exchange Cap, in which case the Exchange Cap will not apply, or (ii) stockholder approval has not been obtained and at any time the Exchange Cap is reached and at all times thereafter the average price paid for all shares issued under the Purchase Agreement (including the Commitment Shares) is equal to or greater than a price equal to $0.6256, which is the average of the closing prices of our common stock for the five trading days prior to December 11, 2019; provided that at no time shall Aspire Capital (together with its affiliates) beneficially own more than 19.99% of our common stock. Other than the Initial Purchase Shares, Aspire Capital has no right to require any sales by us, but is obligated to make purchases from us as we direct in accordance with the Purchase Agreement. There are no limitations on use of proceeds, financial or business covenants, restrictions on future financings, rights of first refusal, participation rights, penalties or liquidated damages in the Purchase Agreement. We did not pay any additional amounts to reimburse or otherwise compensate Aspire Capital in connection with the transaction. The Purchase Agreement may be terminated by us at any time, at our discretion,

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without any penalty or cost to us.

 

Events of Default

 

Aspire Capital may terminate the Purchase Agreement upon the occurrence of any of the following events of default, each an Event of Default:

 

 

the effectiveness of any registration statement that is required to be maintained effective pursuant to the terms of the registration rights agreement between us and Aspire Capital lapses for any reason (including, without limitation, the issuance of a stop order) or is unavailable for sale of our shares of common stock in accordance with the terms of the registration rights agreement, and such lapse or unavailability continues for a period of 10 consecutive business days or for more than an aggregate of 30 business days in any 365-day period, which is not in connection with a post-effective amendment to any such registration statement or the filing of a new registration statement; provided, however, that in connection with any post-effective amendment to such registration statement or filing of a new registration statement that is required to be declared effective by the SEC, such lapse or unavailability may continue for a period of no more than 30 consecutive business days, which such period shall be extended for an additional 30 business days if the Company receives a comment letter from the SEC in connection therewith;

 

 

the suspension from trading or failure of our common stock to be listed on our principal market for a period of three consecutive business days;

 

 

the delisting of our common stock from our principal market, provided our common stock is not immediately thereafter trading on the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, or The Nasdaq Capital Market;

 

 

our transfer agent’s failure to issue to Aspire Capital shares of our common stock which Aspire Capital is entitled to receive under the Purchase Agreement within five business days after an applicable purchase date;

 

 

any breach by us of our representations or warranties (as of the dates made), covenants or other term or condition under the Purchase Agreement or any related transaction agreements which could have a material adverse effect on us, subject to a cure period of five business days;

 

 

if we become insolvent;

 

 

any participation or threatened participation in insolvency or bankruptcy proceedings by or against us; or

 

 

if the Exchange Cap is reached unless and until stockholder approval has been obtained.

 

So long as an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, or if any event which, after notice and/or lapse of time, would become an Event of Default, has occurred and is continuing, or so long as the closing price of our common stock is below the Floor Price, we may not require and Aspire Capital has no obligation to purchase any shares of our common stock under the Purchase Agreement.

 

Aspire Capital may terminate the Purchase Agreement at any time when an Event of Default exists without any liability or payment to us.  However, if pursuant to or within the meaning of any bankruptcy law, we commences a voluntary case or any person commences a proceeding against us, a custodian is appointed for us or for all or substantially all of our property, or we makes a general assignment for the benefit of our creditors (any of which would be an Event of Default), the Purchase Agreement will automatically terminate without any liability or payment to us without further action or notice.

 

Our Termination Rights

 

We may terminate the Purchase Agreement at any time, in our discretion, without any cost or penalty.

 

No Short-Selling or Hedging by Aspire Capital

 

Aspire Capital has agreed that neither it nor any of its agents, representatives and affiliates shall engage in any direct or indirect short-selling or hedging of our common stock during any time prior to the termination of the Purchase Agreement.

 

Effect of Performance of the Purchase Agreement on Our Stockholders

 

The Purchase Agreement does not limit the ability of Aspire Capital to sell any or all of the shares it currently owns or receives in this offering. It is anticipated that shares sold to Aspire Capital in this offering will be sold to Aspire Capital over a period of up to

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30 months from the date of the Purchase Agreement. The subsequent resale by Aspire Capital of our common stock may cause the market price of our common stock to decline or to be highly volatile. Aspire Capital may ultimately purchase all, some or none of the $14.9 million shares of our common stock remaining for sale under the Purchase Agreement and which are the subject of this prospectus. Aspire Capital may resell all, some or none of the Commitment Shares, Initial Purchase Shares and any additional Purchase Shares it acquires. Therefore, sales to Aspire Capital by us pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and this prospectus also may result in substantial dilution to the interests of other holders of our common stock. However, we have the right to control the timing and amount of any sales of our shares to Aspire Capital and the Purchase Agreement may be terminated by us at any time at our discretion without any cost to us.

Amount of Potential Proceeds to be Received under the Purchase Agreement

Under the Purchase Agreement, we may sell Purchase Shares having an aggregate offering price of up to $20.0 million to Aspire Capital from time to time, including the Initial Purchase Shares. The number of shares ultimately offered for sale to Aspire Capital in this offering in addition to the Initial Purchase Shares is dependent upon the number of shares we elect to sell to Aspire Capital under the Purchase Agreement. In addition, Aspire Capital will not be required to buy Purchase Shares pursuant to a Purchase Notice that was received by Aspire Capital on any business day on which the last closing trade price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market (or alternative national exchange in accordance with the Purchase Agreement) is below the Floor Price. Prior to the date of this prospectus, we have sold an aggregate of 3,798,465 Purchase Shares to Aspire Capital for aggregate gross proceeds of $5.1 million (in each case including the sale of the Initial Purchase Shares)

The following table sets forth the amount of proceeds we would receive from Aspire Capital from the sale of shares at varying purchase prices under the prospectus and the Prior Registration:

 

Assumed Average Purchase Price

Proceeds from the Sale of Shares to Aspire Capital Under the Purchase Agreement Registered in this Offering (1)

Number of Shares to be Issued in this Offering at the Assumed Average Purchase Price (1)

Percentage of Outstanding Shares After Giving Effect to the Shares Issued to Aspire Capital (2)

$0.25

$5,525,022.75

             6,457,635

11.8%

$0.4832 (3)

$5,921,483.97

             6,457,635

11.8%

$0.50

$5,950,045.50

             6,457,635

11.8%

$1.00

$6,800,091.00

             6,457,635

11.8%

$1.50

$7,650,136.50

             6,457,635

11.8%

$2.50

$9,350,227.50

             6,457,635

11.8%

$5.00

$13,600,455.00

             6,457,635

11.8%

$10.00

$20,000,000.00

             6,247,544

11.4%

 

 

(1)

Includes the total number of Purchase Shares which we would have sold under the Purchase Agreement at the corresponding assumed purchase price set forth in the adjacent column, up to an aggregate purchase price of $14.9 million, plus 2,200,000 Purchase Shares previously sold for an aggregate purchase price of $4.1 million, the 959,079 Commitment Shares and the 1,598,465 Initial Purchase Shares sold for an aggregate purchase price of $1.0 million, while giving effect to the Exchange Cap.

 

(2)

The denominator is based on 53,077,348 shares outstanding as of March 25, 2020, adjusted to include the issuance of the number of shares set forth in the adjacent column which we would have sold to Aspire Capital. The numerator is based on the number of shares which we may issue to Aspire Capital under the Purchase Agreement (that are the subject of this offering) at the corresponding assumed purchase price set forth in the adjacent column.

 

(3)

The closing sale price of our common stock on March 25, 2020.

 

Information with Respect to Aspire Capital

 

Aspire Capital Partners LLC, or Aspire Partners, is the Managing Member of Aspire Capital.  SGM Holdings Corp, or SGM, is the Managing Member of Aspire Partners.  Mr. Steven G. Martin is the president and sole shareholder of SGM, as well as a principal of Aspire Partners.  Mr. Erik J. Brown is the president and sole shareholder of Red Cedar Capital Corp, or Red Cedar, which is a principal of Aspire Partners. Mr. Christos Komissopoulos is president and sole shareholder of Chrisko Investors Inc., or Chrisko, which is a principal of Aspire Partners.  Mr. William F. Blank, III is president and sole shareholder of WML Ventures Corp., or WML Ventures, which is a principal of Aspire Partners.  Each of Aspire Partners, SGM, Red Cedar, Chrisko, WML Ventures, Mr.

20


Martin, Mr. Brown, Mr. Komissopoulos and Mr. Blank may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of common stock held by Aspire Fund. Each of Aspire Partners, SGM, Red Cedar, Chrisko, WML Ventures, Mr. Martin, Mr. Brown, Mr. Komissopoulos and Mr. Blank disclaims beneficial ownership of the common stock held by Aspire Fund.

 

 


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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

Aspire Capital is an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act.

 

Neither we nor Aspire Capital can presently estimate the amount of compensation that any agent will receive. We know of no existing arrangements between Aspire Capital, any other stockholder, broker, dealer, underwriter, or agent relating to the sale or distribution of the shares offered by this prospectus. At the time a particular offer of shares is made, a prospectus supplement, if required, will be distributed that will set forth the names of any agents, underwriters, or dealers and any other required information.

 

We will pay all of the expenses incident to the registration, offering, and sale of the shares to Aspire Capital. We have agreed to indemnify Aspire Capital and certain other persons against certain liabilities in connection with the offering of shares of common stock offered hereby, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act or, if such indemnity is unavailable, to contribute amounts required to be paid in respect of such liabilities. Aspire Capital has agreed to indemnify us against liabilities under the Securities Act that may arise from certain written information furnished to us by Aspire Capital specifically for use in this prospectus or, if such indemnity is unavailable, to contribute amounts required to be paid in respect of such liabilities.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers, and controlling persons, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore, unenforceable.

 

Aspire Capital and its affiliates have agreed not to engage in any direct or indirect short selling or hedging of our common stock during the term of the Purchase Agreement.

 

We have advised Aspire Capital that it is required to comply with Regulation M promulgated under the Exchange Act. With certain exceptions, Regulation M precludes the selling stockholder, any affiliated purchasers, and any broker-dealer or other person who participates in the distribution from bidding for or purchasing, or attempting to induce any person to bid for or purchase any security which is the subject of the distribution until the entire distribution is complete. Regulation M also prohibits any bids or purchases made in order to stabilize the price of a security in connection with the distribution of that security. All of the foregoing may affect the marketability of the shares offered hereby this prospectus.

 

We may suspend the sale of shares to Aspire Capital pursuant to this prospectus for certain periods of time for certain reasons, including if the prospectus is required to be supplemented or amended to include additional material information.

 

This offering will terminate on the date that all shares offered by this prospectus have been sold to Aspire Capital.


22


LEGAL MATTERS

Cooley LLP, Broomfield, Colorado, will pass upon the validity of the issuance of the securities being sold in this offering. Morrison & Foerster LLP, Washington, D.C. is counsel for Aspire Capital in connection with this offering.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Miragen Therapeutics, Inc., as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and for the years then ended, and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, have been incorporated by reference herein and in the registration statement, in reliance upon the reports of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The audit report covering the December 31, 2019 financial statements refers to a change to the method of accounting for revenue due to the adoption of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and other reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K, including any amendments to those reports, and other information that we file with or furnish to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act can also be accessed free of charge through the Internet. These filings will be available as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, relating to the offering of these securities. The registration statement, including the attached exhibits, contains additional relevant information about us and the securities. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement. You can obtain a copy of the registration statement from the SEC at the address listed above. The registration statement and the documents referred to below under “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” are also available on our website, www.miragen.com. We have not incorporated by reference into this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus the information on our website, and you should not consider it to be a part of this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus.


23


INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents instead of having to repeat the information in this prospectus. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and later information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below that we have filed with the SEC (Commission File No. 001-36483) and any future filings (including those made after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement) we will make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act until the termination of the offering of the shares covered by this prospectus (other than information furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K): 

 

 

our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on March 13, 2020 (including the information specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 from our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A (other than information furnished rather than filed));

 

our Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments thereto (excluding any reports or portions thereof that are deemed to be furnished and not filed) filed with the SEC on the following dates: January 30, 2020, February 6, 2020, February 7, 2020 and February 19, 2020; and

 

the description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on June 6, 2014, including any amendments thereto or reports filed for the purposes of updating this description.

Any statement contained in this prospectus or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this or any other subsequently filed document that is deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus modifies or supersedes the statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.

You should rely only on information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

You can request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number:

Miragen Therapeutics, Inc.

6200 Lookout Road

Boulder, CO 80301

Attn: Investor Relations

Tel: (720) 407-4595 

Email: investorrelations@miragenrx.com

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement we filed with the SEC. That registration statement and the exhibits filed along with the registration statement contain more information about us and the shares in this offering. Because information about documents referred to in this prospectus is not always complete, you should read the full documents which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement. You may read and copy the full registration statement and its exhibits at the SECs public reference rooms or its website.

 

 

24


Up to $14,900,000 of Shares of Common Stock

 

Prospectus

          , 2020

 

 


The information contained in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Subject to Completion, Dated March 26, 2020

PROSPECTUS

 

 

Up to $37,900,000 of Shares of Common Stock

 

We have entered into a sales agreement with Cowen and Company, LLC, or Cowen, relating to shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus. In accordance with the terms of the sales agreement, we may offer and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 million from time to time through Cowen acting as our agent. As of March 25, 2020, we have sold 2,846,449 shares of our common stock for gross proceeds of $12.1 million under the sales agreement pursuant to our registration statement on Form S-3 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on March 31, 2017, and declared effective on April 25, 2017 (File No. 333-217084), or the Prior Registration Statement.

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol MGEN. On March 25, 2020, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market was $0.4832 per share.

Sales of our common stock, if any, under this prospectus will be made in sales deemed to be at the market offerings as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. Cowen is not required to sell any specific amount of securities, but will act as our sales agent using commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices, on mutually agreed terms between Cowen and us. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in any escrow, trust or similar arrangement.

The compensation to Cowen for sales of common stock sold pursuant to the sales agreement will be an amount equal to 3% of the gross proceeds of any shares of our common stock sold under the sales agreement. In connection with the sale of the common stock on our behalf, Cowen will be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act and the compensation of Cowen will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have also agreed to provide indemnification and contribution to Cowen with respect to certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act.

 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” on page P-5 of this prospectus and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.   

NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR DETERMINED IF THIS PROSPECTUS IS TRUTHFUL OR COMPLETE. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.

Cowen

The date of this prospectus is                , 2020.

 


 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUSP-i

PROSPECTUS SUMMARYP-1

THE OFFERINGP-3

RISK FACTORSP-4

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTSP-7

USE OF PROCEEDSP-8

DILUTIONP-9

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCKP-11

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTIONP-16

LEGAL MATTERSP-17

EXPERTSP-17

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATIONP-17

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCEP-18

 

 

 

 


ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus relates to the offering of our common stock. Before buying any of the common stock that we are offering, we urge you to carefully read this prospectus, together with the information incorporated by reference as described under the headings Where You Can Find More Information and Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference in this prospectus. These documents contain important information that you should consider when making your investment decision.

This prospectus describes the terms of this offering of our common stock and also adds to and updates information contained in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus, on the one hand, and the information contained in any document incorporated by reference into this prospectus that was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, before the date of this prospectus, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus. If any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date (for example, a document incorporated by reference into this prospectus) the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.

You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus and in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering. We have not, and the sales agent has not, authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not, and the sales agent is not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, is accurate only as of the date of those respective documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. You should read this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, in their entirety before making an investment decision.

This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under the heading Where You Can Find More Information.

This prospectus incorporates by reference, and any free writing prospectus may contain and incorporate by reference, industry, statistical and market data from our own internal estimates and research as well as from industry and general publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. Industry publications, studies and surveys generally state that they have been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. While we believe that each of these studies and publications is reliable, we have not independently verified statistical, market and industry data from third-party sources. While we believe our internal company research is reliable and the market definitions are appropriate, neither such research nor these definitions have been verified by any independent source.

We further note that the representations, warranties and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit or incorporated by reference to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties or covenants were accurate only as of the date when made. Accordingly, such representations, warranties and covenants should not be relied on as accurately representing the current state of our affairs.

This prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference include trademarks, service marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any related free writing prospectus are the property of their respective owners.

Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this prospectus to “Miragen,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Miragen Therapeutics, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

 

 

i


PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

The following summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus or incorporated by reference herein and does not contain all the information that may be important to purchasers of our common stock. For a more complete understanding of our company and this offering, we encourage you to read and consider carefully the more detailed information in this prospectus, including the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and the information included in any free writing prospectus that we may authorize for use in connection with this offering, including the information referred to under the heading “Risk Factors” on page P-4 of this prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

Company Overview

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company discovering and developing proprietary RNA-targeted therapies with a specific focus on microRNAs and their role in diseases where there is a high unmet medical need. We have three clinical stage product candidates: cobomarsen, remlarsen, and MRG-110. We are developing cobomarsen for the treatment of patients with certain cancers that have elevated microRNA-155, or miR-155, including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, or CTCL, and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, or ATLL. Cobomarsen is an inhibitor of miR-155, which is found at abnormally high levels in malignant cells of several blood cancers. We are also developing remlarsen and MRG-229, which are product candidates being developed for the potential treatment of patients with pathological fibrosis, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, or IPF. These product candidates are replacements for miR-29, which is found at abnormally low levels in a number of pathological fibrotic conditions, including cutaneous, cardiac, renal, hepatic, pulmonary and ocular fibrosis, as well as in systemic sclerosis. MRG-110, an inhibitor of microRNA-92, or miR-92, is our product candidate for the treatment of heart failure, wound healing, and other ischemic disease.

We believe our experience in microRNA biology and chemistry, drug discovery, bioinformatics, translational medicine, and drug development allows us to identify and develop microRNA-targeted drugs that are designed to regulate gene pathways to return diseased tissues to a healthy state. We believe that our drug discovery and development strategy will enable us to progress our product candidates from preclinical discovery to confirmation of mechanism of action in humans quickly and efficiently. The elements of this strategy include identification of mechanistic biomarkers, in early-stage clinical trials to assess target engagement in humans, as well as monitoring outcomes in these early-stage clinical trials to help guide later clinical development.

Risk Factors

Investment in our securities is subject to various risks associated with our business and our industry, including the following risks:

 

 

We will need to raise additional capital, and if we are unable to do so when needed, we will not be able to continue as a going concern.

 

In the past, our management has concluded that, due to our need for additional capital and the uncertainties surrounding our ability to raise such funding, substantial doubt existed as to our ability to continue as a going concern, and our management may make a similar determination in the future.

 

We have historically incurred losses, have a limited operating history on which to assess our business, and anticipate that we will continue to incur significant losses for the foreseeable future.

 

We have never generated any revenue from product sales and may never be profitable.

 

Raising additional capital may cause dilution to our stockholders, restrict our operations, or require us to relinquish rights.

 

Clinical trials are costly, time consuming, and inherently risky, and we may fail to demonstrate safety and efficacy to the satisfaction of applicable regulatory authorities.

 

The approach we are taking to discover and develop novel therapeutics that target microRNAs is unproven and may never lead to marketable products.

 

Our microRNA-targeted therapeutic product candidates are based on a relatively novel technology, which makes it unusually difficult to predict the time and cost of development and the time and cost, or

1


 

likelihood, of subsequently obtaining regulatory approval. To date, no microRNA-targeted therapeutics have been approved for marketing in the United States.

 

We may not be successful in obtaining or maintaining necessary rights to microRNA targets, product compounds and processes for our development pipeline through acquisitions and in-licenses.

 

We intend to rely on patent rights for our product candidates and any future product candidates. If we are unable to obtain or maintain exclusivity from the combination of these approaches, we may not be able to compete effectively in our markets.

 

We may not have sufficient patent term protections for our product candidates to effectively protect our business.

 

Third-party claims of intellectual property infringement may prevent or delay our development and commercialization efforts.

 

We may not be successful in meeting our obligations under our existing license agreements necessary to maintain our product candidate licenses in effect. In addition, if required in order to commercialize our product candidates, we may be unsuccessful in obtaining or maintaining necessary rights to our product candidates through acquisitions and in-licenses.

 

 

The market price of our common stock has historically been volatile, and the market price of our common stock may drop in the future.

 

Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market could result in a delisting of our common stock.

 

We do not anticipate that we will pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

Historically, there has not been an active trading market for our common stock, and we cannot guarantee an active market for our common stock will be sustained in the future. As a result, our stockholders may not be able to resell their shares of common stock for a profit, if at all.

These risks and other risks are discussed in greater detail under the section titled Risk Factors in this prospectus and in any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and discussed under the heading Risk Factors contained in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as may be updated by subsequent annual, quarterly and other reports that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus in their entirety. We encourage you to read and consider all of these risks carefully.

Corporate Information

We were originally formed in December 2010 as a Delaware limited liability company named Signal Genetics LLC. Immediately prior to the pricing of our initial public offering, in June 2014, we converted from a Delaware limited liability company to a Delaware corporation. In February 2017, we acquired a privately held company named Miragen Therapeutics, Inc., and immediately following the acquisition, we changed our name to Miragen Therapeutics, Inc. Our common stock began trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol MGEN on February 14, 2017.

Our principal executive office is located at 6200 Lookout Road, Boulder, CO 80301, and our telephone number is (303) 531-5952. Our corporate website address is www.miragen.com. The contents of our website are not incorporated into this prospectus and our reference to the URL for our website is intended to be an inactive textual reference only.

 


2


THE OFFERING

 

Common Stock Offered By Us

Shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $37.9 million.

 

Common Stock to be Outstanding After this Offering

131,512,778 shares, based on an assumed offering price of $0.4832 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market on March 25, 2020. The actual number shares of common stock issued will vary depending on the sales prices under this offering, but the number of shares issued will not exceed the number of authorized, but unissued, shares of common stock under our certificate of incorporation.

 

Manner of Offering

At the market offering that may be made from time to time through Cowen. See Plan of Distribution on page P-16. 

 

Use of Proceeds

We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering primarily for working capital and general corporate purposes. See Use of Proceeds on page P-8 of this prospectus.

 

Risk Factors

Investing in our common stock involves significant risks. See Risk Factors on page P-4 of this prospectus, and under similar headings in other documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

 

Nasdaq Capital Market Symbol

MGEN

The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after the offering is based on the number of shares outstanding as of March 25, 2020. As of that date, we had 53,077,348 shares of common stock outstanding, excluding, in each case as of March 25, 2020:

 

5,190,160 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of our options outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $3.72 per share;

 

7,535,815 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of our warrants outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $1.13 per share;

 

1,509,895 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2016 Equity Incentive Plan and any shares of our common stock that become available pursuant to provisions in such plan that automatically increase the share reserve on January 1 of each calendar year; and

 

994,135 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2016 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and any shares of our common stock that become available pursuant to provisions in such plan that automatically increase the share reserve on January 1 of each calendar year. 

Except as otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes:

 

no exercise of our outstanding options to purchase our common stock since March 25, 2020; and

 

no exercise of our outstanding warrants to purchase our common stock since March 25, 2020.

 

The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding immediately following this offering as shown above does not include up to $14.9 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at March 25, 2020 under our Common Stock Purchase Agreement with Aspire Capital Fund, LLC, or the Purchase Agreement.

 

The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding immediately following this offering as shown above does not include up to $3.5 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at March 25, 2020 under our Common Stock Purchase Agreement, or the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement, with LLS TAP Miragen, LLC, or LLS TAP, as assignee of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, or LLS.

 

 


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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before deciding whether to invest in our securities, you should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus and discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as may be amended or updated by subsequent reports that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus in their entirety. The risks described in these documents are not the only ones we face, but those that we consider to be material. There may be other unknown or unpredictable economic, business, competitive, regulatory or other factors that could have material adverse effects on our future results. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow could be adversely affected, which could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment. Please also read carefully the discussion below under the heading “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Risks Related to This Offering

We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this offering and we may not use them effectively.

Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering, including for any of the purposes described in the section titled “Use of Proceeds,” and you will be relying on the judgment of our management regarding the application of these proceeds. You will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. Our management might not apply the net proceeds or our existing cash in ways that ultimately increase the value of your investment. If we do not invest or apply the net proceeds from this offering or our existing cash in ways that enhance stockholder value, we may fail to achieve expected financial results, which could cause our stock price to decline. We intend to use the net proceeds from the offering for working capital as well as general corporate purposes. These investments may not yield a favorable return to our stockholders. See “Use of Proceeds.”

You may experience immediate and substantial dilution.

The offering price per share in this offering may exceed the net tangible book value per share of our common stock outstanding prior to this offering. Assuming that an aggregate of 78,435,430 shares of our common stock are sold at a price of $0.4832 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market on March 25, 2020, for aggregate gross proceeds of $37.9 million, and after deducting commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, you will experience immediate dilution of $0.0271 per share, representing the difference between our as adjusted net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2019 of $0.4561 per share, after giving effect to this offering, and the assumed offering price of $0.4832 per share. The exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants will result in further dilution of your investment. See the discussion under the heading Dilution below for a more detailed illustration of the dilution you would incur if you participate in this offering.

 

Future sales of a significant number of our shares of common stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our shares of common stock.

Sales of a substantial number of our shares of common stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our shares of common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. A substantial number of shares of common stock are being offered by this prospectus. We cannot predict the number of these shares that might be sold nor the effect that future sales of our shares of common stock would have on the market price of our shares of common stock.

 

Raising additional capital, including as a result of this offering, may cause dilution to our stockholders, restrict our operations or require us to relinquish rights to our product candidates.

Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial revenue from the sale of our product candidates, we expect to finance our cash needs through a combination of equity offerings, debt financings and license and development agreements. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity securities, including from this offering or additional sales under the Purchase Agreement, or convertible debt securities, your ownership interest will be diluted. Additionally, the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect your rights as a common stockholder. Debt financing and preferred equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends.

 

If we raise additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances or marketing, distribution or licensing arrangements with

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third parties, we may be required to relinquish valuable rights to our research programs or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings or other arrangements with third parties when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to third parties to develop and market product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.

 

To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity, including pursuant to any sales under the Purchase Agreement, the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement, convertible debt or other securities convertible into equity, the ownership interest of our stockholders will be diluted, and the terms of these new securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect rights of our stockholders. For instance, through the date of this prospectus, in addition to the shares we have sold under the ATM Agreement, we have sold (i) pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, 4,757,544 shares of our common stock for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $5.1 million, and (ii) pursuant to the terms of the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement, 757,351 shares of our common stock for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $1.4 million. We anticipate that we will continue to make sales of our common stock under the Purchase Agreement from time to time into the foreseeable future, and we may sell shares of our common stock of up to $14.9 million in additional aggregate value under the Purchase Agreement. As a result of the modifications of the SOLAR trial we announced in December 2019, we do not anticipate meeting the milestones under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement and as such, do not expect we will receive the remaining $3.5 million in proceeds available under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement unless the agreement is amended, which we can provide no assurances will occur. As a result, we may need to finance sooner than we previously anticipated. We cannot guarantee that the terms of any other financing arrangement will not be substantially more restrictive than those contained in the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement. Sales under the Purchase Agreement or the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement dilute the ownership interest of our stockholders and may cause the price per share of our common stock to decrease.

 

Terms of subsequent financings may adversely impact our stockholders.

To finance our future business plans and working capital needs, we will have to raise funds through the issuance of equity or debt securities in addition to sales in this offering. Depending on the type and the terms of any financing we pursue, stockholders’ rights and the value of their investment in our common stock could be reduced. A financing could involve one or more types of securities including common stock, convertible debt or warrants to acquire common stock. These securities could be issued at or below the then prevailing market price for our common stock. In addition, if we issue secured debt securities, the holders of the debt would have a claim to our assets that would be senior to the rights of stockholders until the debt is paid. Interest on these debt securities would increase costs and negatively impact operating results. If the issuance of new securities results in diminished rights to holders of our common stock, the market price of our common stock could be negatively impacted.

 

Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market could result in a delisting of our common stock.

 

Our common stock is currently listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market. To maintain the listing of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market, we are required to meet certain listing requirements, including, among others, a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share.

 

If we fail to satisfy the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market, such as the corporate governance requirements or the minimum closing bid price requirement, The Nasdaq Capital Market may take steps to delist our common stock, which could have a materially adverse effect on our ability to raise additional funds as well as the price and liquidity of our common stock. Such a delisting would likely have a negative effect on the price of our common stock and would impair our stockholders’ ability to sell or purchase our common stock when they wish to do so. In the event of a delisting, we can provide no assurance that any action taken by us to restore compliance with listing requirements would allow our common stock to become listed again, stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of our common stock, prevent our common stock from dropping below the Nasdaq minimum bid price requirement, or prevent future non-compliance with The Nasdaq Capital Market’s listing requirements.

 

On October 28, 2019, we received a letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, or Nasdaq, notifying us that the listing of our common stock was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market, as the minimum bid price of our listed securities was less than $1.00 per share for the previous 30 consecutive business days. Under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), we have a period of 180 calendar days, or until April 27, 2020, to regain compliance with the rule. To regain compliance, during this 180-day compliance period, the minimum bid price of our listed securities must close at $1.00 per share or more for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days.

 

In the event that we do not regain compliance with the Nasdaq Listing Rules prior to the expiration of the 180-day compliance period, we may be eligible for additional time to regain compliance pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A)(ii) by meeting the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares and all other applicable standards for initial listing on The

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Nasdaq Capital Market, with the exception of the minimum bid price requirement. In addition, we would need to provide written notice to Nasdaq of our intention to cure the minimum bid price deficiency during the second compliance period by effecting a reverse stock split, if necessary. As part of its review process, the Nasdaq staff will make a determination of whether it believes we will be able to cure this deficiency. Should the Nasdaq staff conclude that we will not be able to cure the deficiency, or should we determine not to make the required representation, Nasdaq will provide notice that our shares of common stock will be subject to delisting.

 

If we do not regain compliance within the allotted compliance period(s), including any extensions that may be granted by Nasdaq, Nasdaq will provide notice that our shares of common stock will be subject to delisting. At such time, we may appeal the delisting determination to a hearings panel pursuant to the procedures set forth in the applicable Nasdaq Listing Rules. We intend to actively monitor the minimum bid price of our listed securities and, as appropriate, will consider available options to resolve the deficiencies and regain compliance with the Nasdaq Listing Rules, including effecting a reverse stock split.

 

There can be no assurance that we will be successful in maintaining the listing of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market. This could impair the liquidity and market price of our common stock. In addition, the delisting of our common stock from a national exchange could have a material adverse effect on our access to capital markets, and any limitation on market liquidity or reduction in the price of our common stock as a result of that delisting could adversely affect our ability to raise capital on terms acceptable to us, or at all.

 

We do not currently intend to pay dividends on our common stock, and any return to investors is expected to come, if at all, only from potential increases in the price of our common stock.

 

At the present time, we intend to use available funds to finance our operations. Accordingly, while payment of dividends rests within the discretion of our board of directors, we have no intention of paying any such dividends in the foreseeable future. Any return to investors is expected to come, if at all, only from potential increases in the price of our common stock. 

 


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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains, and any free writing prospectus we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, including the documents we incorporate by reference herein may contain, forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties for purposes of the safe harbor provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this prospectus and the documents referenced above, other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected expenses, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “expect,” “predict,” “potential,” “opportunity,” “goals,” or “should,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

 

Such statements are based on management’s current expectations and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and performance could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including, without limitation, statements relating to:

 

our future research and development activities, including clinical testing and the costs and timing thereof;

 

our strategy, including clinical development of cobomarsen, our regulatory and clinical strategies for cobomarsen, remlarsen, MRG-229 and other product candidates, and the clinical and commercial potential of cobomarsen;

 

sufficiency of our cash resources;

 

our ability to raise additional funding when needed;

 

any statements concerning anticipated regulatory activities or licensing or collaborative arrangements;

 

our research and development and other expenses;

 

our operations and legal risks;

 

our ability to maintain listing on a national securities exchange;

 

our intended use of the net proceeds from this offering; and

 

any statement of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing.

We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described above under the heading “Risk Factors.” Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this prospectus may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.

We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.

 


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USE OF PROCEEDS

We may issue and sell shares of our common stock having aggregate sales proceeds of up to $37.9 million from time to time under this prospectus. Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to close this offering, the actual total public offering amount, commissions and proceeds to us, if any, are not determinable at this time. There can be no assurance that we will sell any shares under or fully utilize the sales agreement with Cowen as a source of financing.

We will retain broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by this prospectus. We currently intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by us hereunder, if any, for working capital and general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to invest in or acquire businesses or technologies that we believe are complementary to our own, although we have no current plans, commitments or agreements with respect to any acquisitions as of the date of this prospectus. Pending these uses, we plan to invest these net proceeds in short-term, interest bearing obligations, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the United States.

 

 


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DILUTION

The net tangible book value of our common stock as of December 31, 2019 was approximately $15.2 million, or $0.4369 per share. The net tangible book value per share of our common stock is determined by dividing our total tangible assets, less total liabilities, by the number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2019. Dilution with respect to net tangible book value per share represents the difference between the amount per share paid by purchasers of shares of common stock in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering.

After giving effect to the sale of 78,435,430 shares of common under the sales agreement for gross proceeds of $37.9 million at an assumed offering price of $0.4832 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market on March 25, 2020, and after deducting estimated offering expenses payable by us, our net tangible book value as of December 31, 2019 would have been $51.7 million, or $0.4561 per share of common stock. This represents an immediate increase in the net tangible book value of $0.0192 per share to our existing stockholders. The following table illustrates this per share dilution:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assumed offering price per share

 

 

 

 

$0.4832

 

Net tangible book value per share of as of December 31, 2019

 

$0.4369

 

 

 

 

Increase per share attributable to offering

 

$0.0192

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As adjusted net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2019, after giving effect to this offering

 

 

 

 

$0.4561

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net dilution per share to purchasers in the offering

 

 

 

 

$0.0271

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The table above assumes for illustrative purposes that an aggregate of 78,435,430 additional shares of our common stock are sold during the term of the sales agreement with Cowen at a price of $0.4832 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market on March 25, 2020 for aggregate gross proceeds of $37.9 million. The shares subject to the sales agreement with Cowen are being sold from time to time at various prices. An increase of $0.25 per share in the price at which the shares are sold from the assumed offering price of $0.4832 per share shown in the table above, assuming all of our common stock in the aggregate amount of $37.9 million during the term of the sales agreement with Cowen is sold at that price, would increase our adjusted net tangible book value per share after the offering to $0.597 per share and would increase the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering to $0.1362 per share, after deducting commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by us. A decrease of $0.25 per share in the price at which the shares are sold from the assumed offering price of $0.4832 per share shown in the table above, assuming all of our common stock in the aggregate amount of $37.9 million during the term of the sales agreement with Cowen is sold at that price, would decrease our adjusted net tangible book value per share after the offering to $0.2618 per share and would cause this offering to be non-dilutive to new investors, after deducting commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. This information is supplied for illustrative purposes only and may differ based on the actual offering price and the actual number of shares offered.

 

The above discussion and table are based on the number of shares outstanding as of December 31, 2019. As of that date, we had 34,861,876 shares of common stock outstanding, excluding, in each case as of December 31, 2019:

 

3,496,600 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of our options outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $5.19 per share;

 

46,522 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of our warrants outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $17.93 per share;

 

1,826,218 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2016 Equity Incentive Plan and any shares of our common stock that become available pursuant to provisions in such plan that automatically increase the share reserve on January 1 of each calendar year; and

 

622,347 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2016 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and any shares of our common stock that become available pursuant to provisions in such plan that automatically increase the share reserve on January 1 of each calendar year.

The above discussion and table do not include up to $19.0 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for

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sale at December 31, 2019 under the Purchase Agreement. Between December 31, 2019 and the date of this prospectus, 2,200,000 shares were sold under the Purchase Agreement for gross proceeds of $4.1 million.

The above discussion and table do not include up to $38.6 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at December 31, 2019 under the sales agreement. Between December 31, 2019 and the date of this prospectus, 975,063 shares were sold under the sales agreement for gross proceeds of $0.7 million.

The above discussion and table also do not include up to $3.5 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at December 31, 2019 under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement. Between December 31, 2019 and the date of this prospectus, no additional shares were sold under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement.

The above discussion and table also do not include up to 7,500,000 of shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants issued in February 2020 at an exercise price of $1.10 per share.

To the extent that any of these shares are issued upon exercise of our outstanding options or outstanding warrants, our existing stockholders and the investors purchasing our common stock in this offering will experience further dilution. In addition, we may choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of these securities could result in further dilution to our stockholders.


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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following description of our capital stock and provisions of our certificate of incorporation, certificates of designation and amended and restated bylaws are summaries. You should also refer to certificate of incorporation and the amended and restated bylaws, which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is part.

General

As of the date of this prospectus, our certificate of incorporation, authorizes us to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. As of March 25, 2020, 53,077,348 shares of our common stock were outstanding, and no shares of our preferred stock were outstanding.

The following summary describes the material terms of our capital stock. The description of capital stock is qualified by reference to our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws.

Common Stock

Voting Rights

Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, except on matters relating solely to terms of preferred stock. Under our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights. Because of this, the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors can elect all of the directors standing for election, if they should so choose.

Dividends

Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then-outstanding preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably those dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of legally available funds.

Liquidation

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities and the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any then-outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Rights and Preferences

Holders of our common stock do not have any preemptive, conversion or subscription rights and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate in the future.

Fully Paid and Nonassessable

All of our outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and nonassessable.

Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

As of March 25, 2020, we had 7,535,815 outstanding warrants exercisable for up to an aggregate of 7,535,815 shares of our common stock. Of these warrants, there are warrants outstanding and exercisable for up to 7,500,000 shares of common stock that contain the following terms and conditions subject in all respects to the provisions contained in such warrants:

 

Exercisability. The warrants are exercisable at any time following their original issuance and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance. The warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part by

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delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice and by payment in full in immediately available funds for the number of shares of common stock purchased upon such exercise. If a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, is not then effective or available, and if a resale registration statement registering the resale of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants under the Securities Act is also not then effective or available, the holder may exercise the warrant through a cashless exercise, in whole or in part, in which case the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the warrant. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a warrant. In lieu of fractional shares, we will round down to the next whole share.

 

Exercise Limitation. Holders of the warrants do not have the right to exercise any portion of the warrant if the holder (together with its affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of our stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the warrants. However, any holder may increase such percentage up to 9.99%, provided that any increase in such percentage shall not be effective until 61 days after such notice to us.

 

Exercise Price. The initial exercise price per share of common stock purchasable upon exercise of each warrant is $1.10. The exercise price is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock.

 

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the warrants and generally including any reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification of our common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the holders of the warrants are entitled to receive upon exercise of the warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction. In addition, in the event of a fundamental transaction which is approved by our board of directors, the holders of the warrants have the right to require us or a successor entity to redeem the warrants for cash in the amount of the Black-Scholes value of the unexercised portion of the warrants on the date of the consummation of the fundamental transaction. In the event of a fundamental transaction which is not approved by our board of directors, the holders of the warrants have the right to require us or a successor entity to redeem the warrants for the consideration paid in the fundamental transaction in the amount of the Black Scholes value of the unexercised portion of the warrants on the date of the consummation of the fundamental transaction payable at our option in either shares of our common stock (or, in certain cases, in the securities of the successor entity) or cash. These provisions could reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive payments upon liquidation or in such a fundamental transaction.

 

Rights as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the warrants or by virtue of the holders’ ownership of shares of our common stock, the holders of our warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our common stock, including any voting rights, until the holders exercise the warrants.

In addition, as of March 25, 2020, we have additional warrants outstanding exercisable for up to an aggregate of 35,815 shares of our common stock, which warrants had a weighted average exercise price of $7.60 per share.

Preferred Stock

Pursuant to our certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders (unless such stockholder action is required by applicable law or stock exchange listing rules), to designate and issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series, to fix the designations, powers, preferences, privileges and relative participating, optional or special rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of the common stock, and to increase or decrease the number of shares of any such series, but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding.

Our board of directors, without stockholder approval, can issue preferred stock with voting, conversion or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of the holders of common stock. Preferred stock could be issued quickly with terms designed to delay or prevent a change in control of our company or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of decreasing the market price of the common stock and may adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation.

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The following summary of terms of our preferred stock is not complete. You should refer to the provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and the resolutions containing the terms of each class or series of the preferred stock which have been or will be filed with the SEC at or prior to the time of issuance of such class or series of preferred stock and described in any applicable prospectus supplement. Any applicable prospectus supplement may also state that any of the terms set forth herein are inapplicable to such series of preferred stock, provided that the information set forth in such prospectus supplement does not constitute material changes to the information herein such that it alters the nature of the offering or the securities offered.

We will fix the designations, voting powers, preferences and rights of the preferred stock of each series we issue under this prospectus, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock we are offering. We will describe in any applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of preferred stock being offered, including, to the extent applicable:

 

 

the title and stated value;

 

the number of shares we are offering;

 

the liquidation preference per share;

 

the purchase price;

 

the dividend rate, period and payment date and method of calculation for dividends;

 

whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;

 

the procedures for any auction and remarketing;

 

the provisions for a sinking fund;

 

the provisions for redemption or repurchase and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;

 

any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;

 

whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, and the conversion rate or conversion price, or how they will be calculated, and the conversion period;

 

whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities, and the exchange rate or exchange price, or how they will be calculated, and the exchange period;

 

voting rights of the preferred stock;

 

preemptive rights;

 

restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment;

 

whether interests in the preferred stock will be represented by depositary shares;

 

a discussion of material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;

 

the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;

 

any limitations on the issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and

 

any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the preferred stock.

If we issue shares of preferred stock under this prospectus, the shares will be fully paid and nonassessable.

The issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation. The issuance could have the effect of decreasing the market price of the common stock. The issuance of preferred stock also could have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control of us.

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Anti-Takeover Provisions

We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or Section 203. Section 203 generally prohibits a public Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless:

 

 

prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

 

upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding upon consummation of the transaction, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (i) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

 

on or subsequent to the consummation of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2⁄3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Section 203 defines a “business combination” to include:

 

 

any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

 

any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation;

 

subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

 

any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; and

 

the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as an entity or person who, together with the persons affiliates and associates, beneficially owns, or within three years prior to the time of determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that:

 

 

the authorized number of directors can be changed only by resolution of our board of directors;

 

our bylaws may be amended or repealed by our board of directors or stockholders;

 

our stockholders may not call special meetings of the stockholders or fill vacancies on our board of directors;

 

our stockholders may remove our directors only for cause;

 

all vacancies, including newly created directorships, may, except as otherwise required by law or subject to the rights of holders of preferred stock as designated from time to time, be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum;

 

our board of directors will be authorized to issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock, the rights of which will be determined at the discretion of our board of directors and that, if issued, could operate as a “poison pill” to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer to prevent an acquisition that ours board of directors does not approve;

 

our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights, and therefore our stockholders holding a majority of

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the shares of common stock outstanding will be able to elect all of our directors;

 

our stockholders must comply with advance notice provisions to bring business before or nominate directors for election at a stockholder meeting; and

 

the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employee to us or our stockholders, (3) any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or our certificate of incorporation or bylaws or (4) any action asserting a claim against us governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Notwithstanding the foregoing, these choice of forum provisions do not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction.

These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continued stability in the composition of our board of directors and its policies and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened acquisition of us. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. The provisions also are intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, these provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, they may also reduce fluctuations in the market price of our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts.

Potential Effects of Authorized but Unissued Stock

Our shares of common stock and preferred stock available for future issuance without stockholder approval. We may utilize these additional shares for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, to facilitate corporate acquisitions or payment as a dividend on the capital stock.

The existence of unissued and unreserved common stock and preferred stock may enable our board of directors to issue shares to persons friendly to current management or to issue preferred stock with terms that could render more difficult or discourage a third-party attempt to obtain control by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, thereby protecting the continuity of our management. In addition, our board of directors has the discretion to determine designations, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences of each series of preferred stock, all to the fullest extent permissible under the Delaware General Corporation Law and subject to any limitations set forth in our certificate of incorporation. The purpose of authorizing the board of directors to issue preferred stock and to determine the rights and preferences applicable to such preferred stock is to eliminate delays associated with a stockholder vote on specific issuances. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible financings, acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or could discourage a third party from acquiring, a majority of our outstanding voting stock.

Amendments to Governing Documents

Generally, the amendment of our certificate of incorporation requires approval by our board of directors and a majority vote of stockholders. Any amendment to our bylaws requires the approval of either a majority of our board of directors or approval of at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by the holders of our outstanding capital stock in elections of our board of directors.

Listing

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol MGEN.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is VStock Transfer, LLC. The transfer agent and registrars address is 18 Lafayette Place, Woodmere, New York 11598.


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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We have entered into the sales agreement with Cowen, under which we may issue and sell from time to time up to $50.0 of our common stock through Cowen as our sales agent. We previously sold 2,846,449 shares of our common stock for gross proceeds of $12.1 million pursuant to the sales agreement under the Prior Registration Statement.  

Sales of our common stock in this offering, if any, will be made at market prices by any method that is deemed to be an at the market offering as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act, including sales made directly on The Nasdaq Capital Market or any other trading market for our common stock. If authorized by us in writing, Cowen may also purchase shares of our common stock as principal.

Cowen will offer our common stock subject to the terms and conditions of the sales agreement on a daily basis or as otherwise agreed upon by us and Cowen. We will designate the maximum amount of common stock to be sold through Cowen on a daily basis or otherwise determine such maximum amount together with Cowen. Subject to the terms and conditions of the sales agreement, Cowen will use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell on our behalf all of the shares of common stock requested to be sold by us. We may instruct Cowen not to sell common stock if the sales cannot be effected at or above the price designated by us in any such instruction. Cowen or we may suspend the offering of our common stock being made through Cowen under the sales agreement upon proper notice to the other party. Cowen and we each have the right, by giving written notice as specified in the sales agreement, to terminate the sales agreement in each partys sole discretion at any time.

The aggregate compensation payable to Cowen as sales agent will be an amount equal to 3.0% of the gross sales price of the shares sold through it pursuant to the sales agreement. We estimate that the total expenses of the offering payable by us, excluding commissions payable to Cowen under the sales agreement, will be approximately $325,000.

The remaining sales proceeds, after deducting any expenses payable by us and any transaction fees imposed by any governmental, regulatory, or self-regulatory organization in connection with the sales, will equal our net proceeds for the sale of such common stock.

Cowen will provide written confirmation to us following the close of trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market on each day in which common stock is sold through it as sales agent under the sales agreement. Each confirmation will include the number of shares of common stock sold through it as sales agent on that day, the volume weighted average price of the shares sold, the percentage of the daily trading volume and the net proceeds to us.

We will report at least quarterly the number of shares of common stock sold through Cowen under the sales agreement, the net proceeds to us and the compensation paid by us to Cowen in connection with the sales of common stock.

Settlement for sales of common stock will occur, unless the parties agree otherwise, on the second business day that is also a trading day following the date on which any sales were made in return for payment of the net proceeds to us. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in an escrow, trust or similar arrangement.

In connection with the sales of our common stock on our behalf, Cowen will be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act, and the compensation paid to Cowen will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have agreed in the sales agreement to provide indemnification and contribution to Cowen against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. As sales agent, Cowen will not engage in any transactions that stabilizes our common stock.

Cowen and/or its affiliates have provided, and may in the future provide, various investment banking and other financial services for us for which services they have received and, may in the future receive, customary fees.

 


16


LEGAL MATTERS

Cooley LLP, Broomfield, Colorado, has passed upon the validity of the common stock offered by this prospectus. Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C., Boston, Massachusetts, is counsel for Cowen in connection with this offering.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Miragen Therapeutics, Inc., as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and for the years then ended, and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, have been incorporated by reference herein and in the registration statement, in reliance upon the reports of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The audit report covering the December 31, 2019 financial statements refers to a change to the method of accounting for revenue due to the adoption of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and other reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K, including any amendments to those reports, and other information that we file with or furnish to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act can also be accessed free of charge through the Internet. These filings will be available as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, relating to the offering of these securities. The registration statement, including the attached exhibits, contains additional relevant information about us and the securities. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement. You can obtain a copy of the registration statement from the SEC at the address listed above. The registration statement and the documents referred to below under “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” are also available on our website, www.miragen.com. We have not incorporated by reference into this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus the information on our website, and you should not consider it to be a part of this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus.


17


INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents instead of having to repeat the information in this prospectus. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and later information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below that we have filed with the SEC (Commission File No. 001-36483) and any future filings (including those made after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement) we will make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act until the termination of the offering of the shares covered by this prospectus (other than information furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K): 

 

 

 our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on March 13, 2020 (including the information specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 from our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A (other than information furnished rather than filed));

 

our Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments thereto (excluding any reports or portions thereof that are deemed to be furnished and not filed) filed with the SEC on the following dates: January 30, 2020, February 6, 2020, February 7, 2020 and February 19, 2020; and

 

the description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on June 6, 2014, including any amendments thereto or reports filed for the purposes of updating this description.

Any statement contained in this prospectus or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this or any other subsequently filed document that is deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus modifies or supersedes the statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.

You should rely only on information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

You can request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number:

Miragen Therapeutics, Inc.

6200 Lookout Road

Boulder, CO 80301

Attn: Investor Relations

Tel: (720) 407-4595 

Email: investorrelations@miragenrx.com

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement we filed with the SEC. That registration statement and the exhibits filed along with the registration statement contain more information about us and the shares in this offering. Because information about documents referred to in this prospectus is not always complete, you should read the full documents which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement. You may read and copy the full registration statement and its exhibits at the SECs public reference rooms or its website. 

 

 

18


 

Up to $37,900,000 of Shares of Common Stock

Prospectus

Cowen

                 , 2020

 

 


 

The information contained in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Subject to Completion, Dated March 26, 2020

PROSPECTUS

 

7,500,000 Shares of Common Stock Issuable Upon Exercise of Warrants

This prospectus relates to the offer and sale by us of up to 7,500,000 shares of our common stock issuable from time to time upon exercise of common stock purchase warrants, or the 2020 Common Warrants. The 2020 Common Warrants were issued by us on February 11, 2020 pursuant to a prospectus dated April 25, 2017 and a related prospectus supplement dated February 7, 2020. The 2020 Common Warrants are exercisable at an exercise price of $1.10 per share at any time on or before February 11, 2025.

Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol MGEN. On March 25, 2020, the last reported sales price of our common stock was $0.4832per share.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” on page W-4 of this prospectus and elsewhere in this prospectus for a discussion of information that should be considered in connection with an investment in our common stock.

NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR DETERMINED IF THIS PROSPECTUS IS TRUTHFUL OR COMPLETE. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.

The date of this prospectus is               , 2020


 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUSW-i

PROSPECTUS SUMMARYW-1

THE OFFERINGW-3

RISK FACTORSW-4

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTSW-7

USE OF PROCEEDSW-8

DILUTIONW-9

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCKW-10

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTIONW-15

LEGAL MATTERSW-16

EXPERTSW-16

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATIONW-16

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCEW-17

 

 

W

 


ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus relates to the offering of our common stock. Before buying any of the common stock that we are offering, we urge you to carefully read this prospectus, together with the information incorporated by reference as described under the headings Where You Can Find More Information and Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference in this prospectus. These documents contain important information that you should consider when making your investment decision.

This prospectus describes the terms of this offering of our common stock and also adds to and updates information contained in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus, on the one hand, and the information contained in any document incorporated by reference into this prospectus that was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, before the date of this prospectus, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus. If any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date (for example, a document incorporated by reference into this prospectus) the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.

You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus and in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering. We have not, and the sales agent has not, authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not, and the sales agent is not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, is accurate only as of the date of those respective documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. You should read this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, in their entirety before making an investment decision.

This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under the heading Where You Can Find More Information.

This prospectus incorporates by reference, and any free writing prospectus may contain and incorporate by reference, industry, statistical and market data from our own internal estimates and research as well as from industry and general publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. Industry publications, studies and surveys generally state that they have been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. While we believe that each of these studies and publications is reliable, we have not independently verified statistical, market and industry data from third-party sources. While we believe our internal company research is reliable and the market definitions are appropriate, neither such research nor these definitions have been verified by any independent source.

We further note that the representations, warranties and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit or incorporated by reference to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties or covenants were accurate only as of the date when made. Accordingly, such representations, warranties and covenants should not be relied on as accurately representing the current state of our affairs.

This prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference include trademarks, service marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any related free writing prospectus are the property of their respective owners.

Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this prospectus to “Miragen,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Miragen Therapeutics, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

 

 

W-i


PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

The following summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus or incorporated by reference herein and does not contain all the information that may be important to purchasers of our common stock. For a more complete understanding of our company and this offering, we encourage you to read and consider carefully the more detailed information in this prospectus, including the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and the information included in any free writing prospectus that we may authorize for use in connection with this offering, including the information referred to under the heading “Risk Factors” on page W-4 of this prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

Company Overview

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company discovering and developing proprietary RNA-targeted therapies with a specific focus on microRNAs and their role in diseases where there is a high unmet medical need. We have three clinical stage product candidates: cobomarsen, remlarsen, and MRG-110. We are developing cobomarsen for the treatment of patients with certain cancers that have elevated microRNA-155, or miR-155, including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, or CTCL, and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, or ATLL. Cobomarsen is an inhibitor of miR-155, which is found at abnormally high levels in malignant cells of several blood cancers. We are also developing remlarsen and MRG-229, which are product candidates being developed for the potential treatment of patients with pathological fibrosis, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, or IPF. These product candidates are replacements for miR-29, which is found at abnormally low levels in a number of pathological fibrotic conditions, including cutaneous, cardiac, renal, hepatic, pulmonary and ocular fibrosis, as well as in systemic sclerosis. MRG-110, an inhibitor of microRNA-92, or miR-92, is our product candidate for the treatment of heart failure, wound healing, and other ischemic disease.

We believe our experience in microRNA biology and chemistry, drug discovery, bioinformatics, translational medicine, and drug development allows us to identify and develop microRNA-targeted drugs that are designed to regulate gene pathways to return diseased tissues to a healthy state. We believe that our drug discovery and development strategy will enable us to progress our product candidates from preclinical discovery to confirmation of mechanism of action in humans quickly and efficiently. The elements of this strategy include identification of mechanistic biomarkers, in early-stage clinical trials to assess target engagement in humans, as well as monitoring outcomes in these early-stage clinical trials to help guide later clinical development.

Risk Factors

Investment in our securities is subject to various risks associated with our business and our industry, including the following risks:

 

 

We will need to raise additional capital, and if we are unable to do so when needed, we will not be able to continue as a going concern.

 

In the past, our management has concluded that, due to our need for additional capital and the uncertainties surrounding our ability to raise such funding, substantial doubt existed as to our ability to continue as a going concern, and our management may make a similar determination in the future.

 

We have historically incurred losses, have a limited operating history on which to assess our business, and anticipate that we will continue to incur significant losses for the foreseeable future.

 

We have never generated any revenue from product sales and may never be profitable.

 

Raising additional capital may cause dilution to our stockholders, restrict our operations, or require us to relinquish rights.

 

Clinical trials are costly, time consuming, and inherently risky, and we may fail to demonstrate safety and efficacy to the satisfaction of applicable regulatory authorities.

 

The approach we are taking to discover and develop novel therapeutics that target microRNAs is unproven and may never lead to marketable products.

 

Our microRNA-targeted therapeutic product candidates are based on a relatively novel technology, which makes it unusually difficult to predict the time and cost of development and the time and cost, or

1


 

likelihood, of subsequently obtaining regulatory approval. To date, no microRNA-targeted therapeutics have been approved for marketing in the United States.

 

We may not be successful in obtaining or maintaining necessary rights to microRNA targets, product compounds and processes for our development pipeline through acquisitions and in-licenses.

 

We intend to rely on patent rights for our product candidates and any future product candidates. If we are unable to obtain or maintain exclusivity from the combination of these approaches, we may not be able to compete effectively in our markets.

 

We may not have sufficient patent term protections for our product candidates to effectively protect our business.

 

Third-party claims of intellectual property infringement may prevent or delay our development and commercialization efforts.

 

We may not be successful in meeting our obligations under our existing license agreements necessary to maintain our product candidate licenses in effect. In addition, if required in order to commercialize our product candidates, we may be unsuccessful in obtaining or maintaining necessary rights to our product candidates through acquisitions and in-licenses.

 

The market price of our common stock has historically been volatile, and the market price of our common stock may drop in the future.

 

Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market could result in a delisting of our common stock.

 

We do not anticipate that we will pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

Historically, there has not been an active trading market for our common stock, and we cannot guarantee an active market for our common stock will be sustained in the future. As a result, our stockholders may not be able to resell their shares of common stock for a profit, if at all.

These risks and other risks are discussed in greater detail under the section titled Risk Factors in this prospectus and in any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and discussed under the heading Risk Factors contained in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as may be updated by subsequent annual, quarterly and other reports that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus in their entirety. We encourage you to read and consider all of these risks carefully.

Corporate Information

We were originally formed in December 2010 as a Delaware limited liability company named Signal Genetics LLC. Immediately prior to the pricing of our initial public offering, in June 2014, we converted from a Delaware limited liability company to a Delaware corporation. In February 2017, we acquired a privately held company named Miragen Therapeutics, Inc., and immediately following the acquisition, we changed our name to Miragen Therapeutics, Inc. Our common stock began trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol MGEN on February 14, 2017.

Our principal executive office is located at 6200 Lookout Road, Boulder, CO 80301, and our telephone number is (303) 531-5952. Our corporate website address is www.miragen.com. The contents of our website are not incorporated into this prospectus and our reference to the URL for our website is intended to be an inactive textual reference only.


2


The Offering

This prospectus relates to the offer and sale by us of up to 7,500,000 shares of our common stock issuable from time to time upon exercise of the 2020 Common Warrants. The 2020 Common Warrants are exercisable at an exercise price of $1.10 per share, subject to any adjustment pursuant to the terms of the warrants, at any time on or prior to February 11, 2025. Upon exercise of the 2020 Common Warrants for cash, the holders of the warrants would pay us the exercise price per share of common stock, or an aggregate of approximately $8.25 million if all the 2020 Common Warrants are exercised in full for cash.

For additional information regarding the 2020 Common Warrants, you should refer to the section entitled Plan of Distribution in this prospectus.

3


RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before deciding whether to invest in our securities, you should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus and discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as may be amended or updated by subsequent reports that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus in their entirety. The risks described in these documents are not the only ones we face, but those that we consider to be material. There may be other unknown or unpredictable economic, business, competitive, regulatory or other factors that could have material adverse effects on our future results. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow could be adversely affected, which could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment. Please also read carefully the discussion below under the heading “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Risks Related to this Offering

We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this offering and we may not use them effectively.

Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering, if any, including for any of the purposes described in the section titled “Use of Proceeds,” and you will be relying on the judgment of our management regarding the application of these proceeds. You will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. Our management might not apply the net proceeds or our existing cash in ways that ultimately increase the value of your investment. If we do not invest or apply the net proceeds from this offering or our existing cash in ways that enhance stockholder value, we may fail to achieve expected financial results, which could cause our stock price to decline. We intend to use the net proceeds from the offering for working capital as well as general corporate purposes. These investments may not yield a favorable return to our stockholders. See “Use of Proceeds.”

You may experience immediate and substantial dilution.

The exercise price per share for our 2020 Common Warrants exceeds the net tangible book value per share of our common stock outstanding prior to this offering. Assuming that an aggregate of 7,500,000 shares of our common stock are sold at a price of $1.10 per share upon exercise of the 2020 Common Warrants, for aggregate gross proceeds of $8.25 million, and after deducting commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, you will experience immediate dilution of $0.55 per share upon exercise of your 2020 Common Warrant, representing the difference between our as adjusted net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2019 of $0.55 per share, after giving effect to this offering, and the exercise price of $1.10 per share. The exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants will result in further dilution of your investment. See the discussion under the heading Dilution below for a more detailed illustration of the dilution you would incur if you participate in this offering.

 

Future sales of a significant number of our shares of common stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our shares of common stock.

Sales of a substantial number of our shares of common stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our shares of common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. A substantial number of shares of common stock are being offered by this prospectus. We cannot predict the number of these shares that might be sold nor the effect that future sales of our shares of common stock would have on the market price of our shares of common stock.

 

Raising additional capital, including as a result of this offering, may cause dilution to our stockholders, restrict our operations or require us to relinquish rights to our product candidates.

Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial revenue from the sale of our product candidates, we expect to finance our cash needs through a combination of equity offerings, debt financings and license and development agreements. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity securities, including from this offering or additional sales under our Common Stock Sales Agreement with Cowen and Company, LLC, or the ATM Agreement, or under our Common Stock Purchase Agreement with Aspire Capital, LLC, or the Purchase Agreement, or convertible debt securities, your ownership interest will be diluted. Additionally, the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect your rights as a common stockholder if you were to exercise your 2020 Common Warrants. Debt financing and preferred equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends.

4


 

If we raise additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances or marketing, distribution or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may be required to relinquish valuable rights to our research programs or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings or other arrangements with third parties when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to third parties to develop and market product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.

 

To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity, including pursuant to any sales under the ATM Agreement, Purchase Agreement, our Common Stock Purchase Agreement with LLS TAP Miragen, LLC, or the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement, convertible debt or other securities convertible into equity, the ownership interest of our stockholders will be diluted, and the terms of these new securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect rights of our stockholders. For instance, through the date of this prospectus, we have sold (i) pursuant to the terms of the ATM Agreement, 2,846,449 shares of our common stock for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $12.1 million, (ii) pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, 4,757,544 shares of our common stock for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $5.1 million, and (iii) pursuant to the terms of the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement, 757,351 shares of our common stock for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $1.4 million. We anticipate that we will continue to make sales of our common stock under the Purchase Agreement and ATM Agreement from time to time into the foreseeable future, and we may sell shares of our common stock of up to $14.9 million in additional aggregate value under the Purchase Agreement and up to $37.9 million in additional aggregate value under the ATM Agreement. As a result of the modifications of the SOLAR trial we announced in December 2019, we do not anticipate meeting the milestones under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement and as such, do not expect we will receive the remaining $3.5 million in proceeds available under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement unless the agreement is amended, which we can provide no assurances will occur. As a result, we may need to finance sooner than we previously anticipated. We cannot guarantee that the terms of any other financing arrangement will not be substantially more restrictive than those contained in the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement. Sales under the Purchase Agreement, the ATM Agreement or the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement dilute the ownership interest of our stockholders and may cause the price per share of our common stock to decrease.

 

Terms of subsequent financings may adversely impact our stockholders.

To finance our future business plans and working capital needs, we will have to raise funds through the issuance of equity or debt securities in addition to sales in this offering, if any. Depending on the type and the terms of any financing we pursue, stockholders’ rights and the value of their investment in our common stock could be reduced. A financing could involve one or more types of securities including common stock, convertible debt or warrants to acquire common stock. These securities could be issued at or below the then prevailing market price for our common stock. In addition, if we issue secured debt securities, the holders of the debt would have a claim to our assets that would be senior to the rights of stockholders until the debt is paid. Interest on these debt securities would increase costs and negatively impact operating results. If the issuance of new securities results in diminished rights to holders of our common stock, the market price of our common stock could be negatively impacted.

 

Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market could result in a delisting of our common stock.

 

Our common stock is currently listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market. To maintain the listing of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market, we are required to meet certain listing requirements, including, among others, a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share.

 

If we fail to satisfy the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market, such as the corporate governance requirements or the minimum closing bid price requirement, The Nasdaq Capital Market may take steps to delist our common stock, which could have a materially adverse effect on our ability to raise additional funds as well as the price and liquidity of our common stock. Such a delisting would likely have a negative effect on the price of our common stock and would impair our stockholders’ ability to sell or purchase our common stock when they wish to do so. In the event of a delisting, we can provide no assurance that any action taken by us to restore compliance with listing requirements would allow our common stock to become listed again, stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of our common stock, prevent our common stock from dropping below the Nasdaq minimum bid price requirement, or prevent future non-compliance with The Nasdaq Capital Market’s listing requirements.

 

On October 28, 2019, we received a letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, or Nasdaq, notifying us that the listing of our common stock was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market, as the minimum bid price of our listed securities was less than $1.00 per share for the previous 30 consecutive business days. Under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), we have a period of 180 calendar days, or until April 27, 2020, to regain compliance with the rule. To regain compliance, during this 180-day compliance period, the minimum bid price of our listed securities must close at $1.00 per share or more for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days.

 

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In the event that we do not regain compliance with the Nasdaq Listing Rules prior to the expiration of the 180-day compliance period, we may be eligible for additional time to regain compliance pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A)(ii) by meeting the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares and all other applicable standards for initial listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market, with the exception of the minimum bid price requirement. In addition, we would need to provide written notice to Nasdaq of our intention to cure the minimum bid price deficiency during the second compliance period by effecting a reverse stock split, if necessary. As part of its review process, the Nasdaq staff will make a determination of whether it believes we will be able to cure this deficiency. Should the Nasdaq staff conclude that we will not be able to cure the deficiency, or should we determine not to make the required representation, Nasdaq will provide notice that our shares of common stock will be subject to delisting.

 

If we do not regain compliance within the allotted compliance period(s), including any extensions that may be granted by Nasdaq, Nasdaq will provide notice that our shares of common stock will be subject to delisting. At such time, we may appeal the delisting determination to a hearings panel pursuant to the procedures set forth in the applicable Nasdaq Listing Rules. We intend to actively monitor the minimum bid price of our listed securities and, as appropriate, will consider available options to resolve the deficiencies and regain compliance with the Nasdaq Listing Rules, including effecting a reverse stock split.

 

There can be no assurance that we will be successful in maintaining the listing of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market. This could impair the liquidity and market price of our common stock. In addition, the delisting of our common stock from a national exchange could have a material adverse effect on our access to capital markets, and any limitation on market liquidity or reduction in the price of our common stock as a result of that delisting could adversely affect our ability to raise capital on terms acceptable to us, or at all.

 

We do not currently intend to pay dividends on our common stock, and any return to investors is expected to come, if at all, only from potential increases in the price of our common stock.

 

At the present time, we intend to use available funds to finance our operations. Accordingly, while payment of dividends rests within the discretion of our board of directors, we have no intention of paying any such dividends in the foreseeable future. Any return to investors is expected to come, if at all, only from potential increases in the price of our common stock. 


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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains, and any free writing prospectus we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, including the documents we incorporate by reference herein may contain, forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties for purposes of the safe harbor provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this prospectus and the documents referenced above, other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected expenses, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “expect,” “predict,” “potential,” “opportunity,” “goals,” or “should,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

 

Such statements are based on management’s current expectations and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and performance could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including, without limitation, statements relating to:

 

 

our future research and development activities, including clinical testing and the costs and timing thereof;

 

our strategy, including clinical development of cobomarsen, our regulatory and clinical strategies for cobomarsen, remlarsen, MRG-229 and other product candidates, and the clinical and commercial potential of cobomarsen;

 

sufficiency of our cash resources;

 

our ability to raise additional funding when needed;

 

any statements concerning anticipated regulatory activities or licensing or collaborative arrangements;

 

our research and development and other expenses;

 

our operations and legal risks;

 

our ability to maintain listing on a national securities exchange;

 

our intended use of the net proceeds from this offering; and

 

any statement of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing.

We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described above under the heading “Risk Factors.” Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this prospectus may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.

We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.


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USE OF PROCEEDS

We will receive proceeds in this offering only if the holders of our 2020 Common Warrant choose to exercise these warrants for cash. Accordingly, we cannot guarantee we will receive any proceeds from this offering.

For any net proceeds we do receive in this offering, we will retain broad discretion over the use of such proceeds. We currently intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by us hereunder, if any, for working capital and general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to invest in or acquire businesses or technologies that we believe are complementary to our own, although we have no current plans, commitments or agreements with respect to any acquisitions as of the date of this prospectus. Pending these uses, we plan to invest these net proceeds in short-term, interest bearing obligations, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the United States.


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DILUTION

The net tangible book value of our common stock as of December 31, 2019 was approximately $15.2 million, or $0.44 per share. The net tangible book value per share of our common stock is determined by dividing our total tangible assets, less total liabilities, by the number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2019. Dilution with respect to net tangible book value per share represents the difference between the amount per share paid by purchasers of shares of common stock upon exercise of a 2020 Common Warrant and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering.

After giving effect to the sale of 7.5 million shares of common stock upon exercise of the 2020 Common Warrants for gross proceeds of $8.25 million at an exercise price of $1.10, and after deducting estimated offering expenses payable by us, our net tangible book value as of December 31, 2019 would have been $23.4 million, or $0.55 per share of common stock. This represents an immediate increase in the net tangible book value of $0.11 per share to our existing stockholders and immediate dilution in net tangible book value of $0.55 per share to investors purchasing shares of our common stock upon exercise of the 2020 Common Warrants. The following table illustrates this per share dilution: The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2020 Common Warrant exercise price per share

 

 

 

 

 

$

1.10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net tangible book value (deficit) per share as of December 31, 2018

 

$

0.44

 

 

 

 

 

Increase in net tangible book value (deficit) per share attributable to this offering

 

$

0.11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As adjusted net tangible book value (deficit) per share as of December 31, 2018, after giving effect to this offering

 

 

 

 

 

$

0.55

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dilution per share to investors purchasing shares of our common stock in this offering

 

 

 

 

 

$

0.55

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The above discussion and table are based on the number of shares outstanding as of December 31, 2019. As of that date, we had 34,861,876 shares of common stock outstanding, excluding, in each case as of December 31, 2019:

 

3,496,600 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of our options outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $5.19 per share;

 

46,522 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of our warrants outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $17.93 per share;

 

1,826,218 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2016 Equity Incentive Plan and any shares of our common stock that become available pursuant to provisions in such plan that automatically increase the share reserve on January 1 of each calendar year; and

 

622,347 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2016 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and any shares of our common stock that become available pursuant to provisions in such plan that automatically increase the share reserve on January 1 of each calendar year.

The above discussion and table do not include up to $19.0 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at December 31, 2019 under the Purchase Agreement. Between December 31, 2019 and the date of this prospectus, 2,200,000 shares were sold under the Purchase Agreement for gross proceeds of $4.1 million.

The above discussion and table do not include up to $38.6 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at December 31, 2019 under the ATM Agreement. Between December 31, 2019 and the date of this prospectus, 975,063 shares were sold under the ATM Agreement for gross proceeds of $0.7 million.

The above discussion and table also do not include up to $3.5 million of shares of our common stock that remained available for sale at December 31, 2019 under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement. Between December 31, 2019 and the date of this prospectus, no additional shares were sold under the LLS Stock Purchase Agreement.

To the extent that outstanding options or warrants are exercised, or outstanding restricted stock units are settled, you may experience further dilution. We may choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if at that time we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. If we raise additional capital through the sale of common stock or securities exchangeable or exercisable for common stock, you may experience further dilution.


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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following description of our capital stock and provisions of our certificate of incorporation, certificates of designation and amended and restated bylaws are summaries. You should also refer to certificate of incorporation and the amended and restated bylaws, which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is part.

General

As of the date of this prospectus, our certificate of incorporation, authorizes us to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. As of March 25, 2020, 53,077,348 shares of our common stock were outstanding, and no shares of our preferred stock were outstanding.

The following summary describes the material terms of our capital stock. The description of capital stock is qualified by reference to our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws.

Common Stock

Voting Rights

Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, except on matters relating solely to terms of preferred stock. Under our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights. Because of this, the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors can elect all of the directors standing for election, if they should so choose.

Dividends

Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then-outstanding preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably those dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of legally available funds.

Liquidation

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities and the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any then-outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Rights and Preferences

Holders of our common stock do not have any preemptive, conversion or subscription rights and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate in the future.

Fully Paid and Nonassessable

All of our outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and nonassessable.

Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

As of March 25, 2020, we had 7,535,815 outstanding warrants exercisable for up to an aggregate of 7,535,815 shares of our common stock. Of these warrants, the outstanding 2020 Common Warrants are exercisable for up to 7,500,000 shares and contain the following terms and conditions subject in all respects to the provisions contained in such warrants:

 

Exercisability. The warrants are exercisable at any time following their original issuance and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance. The warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part by

10


 

delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice and by payment in full in immediately available funds for the number of shares of common stock purchased upon such exercise. If a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, is not then effective or available, and if a resale registration statement registering the resale of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants under the Securities Act is also not then effective or available, the holder may exercise the warrant through a cashless exercise, in whole or in part, in which case the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the warrant. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a warrant. In lieu of fractional shares, we will round down to the next whole share.

 

Exercise Limitation. Holders of the warrants do not have the right to exercise any portion of the warrant if the holder (together with its affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of our stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the warrants. However, any holder may increase such percentage up to 9.99%, provided that any increase in such percentage shall not be effective until 61 days after such notice to us.

 

Exercise Price. The initial exercise price per share of common stock purchasable upon exercise of each warrant is $1.10. The exercise price is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock.

 

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the warrants and generally including any reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification of our common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the holders of the warrants are entitled to receive upon exercise of the warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction. In addition, in the event of a fundamental transaction which is approved by our board of directors, the holders of the warrants have the right to require us or a successor entity to redeem the warrants for cash in the amount of the Black-Scholes value of the unexercised portion of the warrants on the date of the consummation of the fundamental transaction. In the event of a fundamental transaction which is not approved by our board of directors, the holders of the warrants have the right to require us or a successor entity to redeem the warrants for the consideration paid in the fundamental transaction in the amount of the Black Scholes value of the unexercised portion of the warrants on the date of the consummation of the fundamental transaction payable at our option in either shares of our common stock (or, in certain cases, in the securities of the successor entity) or cash. These provisions could reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive payments upon liquidation or in such a fundamental transaction.

 

Rights as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the warrants or by virtue of the holders’ ownership of shares of our common stock, the holders of our warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our common stock, including any voting rights, until the holders exercise the warrants.

In addition, as of March 25, 2020, we have additional warrants outstanding exercisable for up to an aggregate of 35,815 shares of our common stock, which warrants had a weighted average exercise price of $7.60 per share.

Preferred Stock

Pursuant to our certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders (unless such stockholder action is required by applicable law or stock exchange listing rules), to designate and issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series, to fix the designations, powers, preferences, privileges and relative participating, optional or special rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of the common stock, and to increase or decrease the number of shares of any such series, but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding.

Our board of directors, without stockholder approval, can issue preferred stock with voting, conversion or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of the holders of common stock. Preferred stock could be issued quickly with terms designed to delay or prevent a change in control of our company or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of decreasing the market price of the common stock and may adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation.

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The following summary of terms of our preferred stock is not complete. You should refer to the provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and the resolutions containing the terms of each class or series of the preferred stock which have been or will be filed with the SEC at or prior to the time of issuance of such class or series of preferred stock and described in any applicable prospectus supplement. Any applicable prospectus supplement may also state that any of the terms set forth herein are inapplicable to such series of preferred stock, provided that the information set forth in such prospectus supplement does not constitute material changes to the information herein such that it alters the nature of the offering or the securities offered.

We will fix the designations, voting powers, preferences and rights of the preferred stock of each series we issue under this prospectus, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock we are offering. We will describe in any applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of preferred stock being offered, including, to the extent applicable:

 

 

the title and stated value;

 

the number of shares we are offering;

 

the liquidation preference per share;

 

the purchase price;

 

the dividend rate, period and payment date and method of calculation for dividends;

 

whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;

 

the procedures for any auction and remarketing;

 

the provisions for a sinking fund;

 

the provisions for redemption or repurchase and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;

 

any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;

 

whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, and the conversion rate or conversion price, or how they will be calculated, and the conversion period;

 

whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities, and the exchange rate or exchange price, or how they will be calculated, and the exchange period;

 

voting rights of the preferred stock;

 

preemptive rights;

 

restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment;

 

whether interests in the preferred stock will be represented by depositary shares;

 

a discussion of material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;

 

the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;

 

any limitations on the issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and

 

any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the preferred stock.

If we issue shares of preferred stock under this prospectus, the shares will be fully paid and nonassessable.

The issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and reduce the likelihood that common stockholders will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation. The issuance could have the effect of decreasing the market price of the common stock. The issuance of preferred stock also could have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control of us.

12


Anti-Takeover Provisions

We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or Section 203. Section 203 generally prohibits a public Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless:

 

 

prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

 

upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding upon consummation of the transaction, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (i) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

 

on or subsequent to the consummation of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2⁄3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Section 203 defines a “business combination” to include:

 

 

any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

 

any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation;

 

subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

 

any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; and

 

the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as an entity or person who, together with the persons affiliates and associates, beneficially owns, or within three years prior to the time of determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that:

 

 

the authorized number of directors can be changed only by resolution of our board of directors;

 

our bylaws may be amended or repealed by our board of directors or stockholders;

 

our stockholders may not call special meetings of the stockholders or fill vacancies on our board of directors;

 

our stockholders may remove our directors only for cause;

 

all vacancies, including newly created directorships, may, except as otherwise required by law or subject to the rights of holders of preferred stock as designated from time to time, be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum;

 

our board of directors will be authorized to issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock, the rights of which will be determined at the discretion of our board of directors and that, if issued, could operate as a “poison pill” to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer to prevent an acquisition that ours board of directors does not approve;

 

our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights, and therefore our stockholders holding a majority of

13


 

the shares of common stock outstanding will be able to elect all of our directors;

 

our stockholders must comply with advance notice provisions to bring business before or nominate directors for election at a stockholder meeting; and

 

the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employee to us or our stockholders, (3) any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or our certificate of incorporation or bylaws or (4) any action asserting a claim against us governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Notwithstanding the foregoing, these choice of forum provisions do not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction.

These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continued stability in the composition of our board of directors and its policies and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened acquisition of us. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. The provisions also are intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, these provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, they may also reduce fluctuations in the market price of our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts.

Potential Effects of Authorized but Unissued Stock

Our shares of common stock and preferred stock available for future issuance without stockholder approval. We may utilize these additional shares for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, to facilitate corporate acquisitions or payment as a dividend on the capital stock.

The existence of unissued and unreserved common stock and preferred stock may enable our board of directors to issue shares to persons friendly to current management or to issue preferred stock with terms that could render more difficult or discourage a third-party attempt to obtain control by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, thereby protecting the continuity of our management. In addition, our board of directors has the discretion to determine designations, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences of each series of preferred stock, all to the fullest extent permissible under the Delaware General Corporation Law and subject to any limitations set forth in our certificate of incorporation. The purpose of authorizing the board of directors to issue preferred stock and to determine the rights and preferences applicable to such preferred stock is to eliminate delays associated with a stockholder vote on specific issuances. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible financings, acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or could discourage a third party from acquiring, a majority of our outstanding voting stock.

Amendments to Governing Documents

Generally, the amendment of our certificate of incorporation requires approval by our board of directors and a majority vote of stockholders. Any amendment to our bylaws requires the approval of either a majority of our board of directors or approval of at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by the holders of our outstanding capital stock in elections of our board of directors.

Listing

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol MGEN.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is VStock Transfer, LLC. The transfer agent and registrars address is 18 Lafayette Place, Woodmere, New York 11598.


14


PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

The 7,500,000 shares of common stock referenced on the cover page of this prospectus will be offered solely by us and will be issued and sold only upon the exercise of the 2020 Common Warrants. We will pay all expenses incident to the registration of the issuance and sale of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the 2020 Common Warrants.

The following is a brief summary of certain terms and conditions of the 2020 Common Warrants and is subject in all respects to the provisions contained in the 2020 Common Warrants, the form of which is filed as Exhibit 4.8 to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

Exercisability. The 2020 Common Warrants are exercisable at any time following their original issuance and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance.

The 2020 Common Warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice and by payment in full in immediately available funds for the number of shares of common stock purchased upon such exercise. If a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of common stock underlying the 2020 Common Warrants under the Securities Act is not then effective or available, and if a resale registration statement registering the resale of the shares of common stock underlying the 2020 Common Warrants under the Securities Act is also not then effective or available, the holder may exercise the 2020 Common Warrant through a cashless exercise, in whole or in part, in which case the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the 2020 Common Warrants. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a 2020 Common Warrant. In lieu of fractional shares, we will round down to the next whole share.

Exercise Limitation. A holder will not have the right to exercise any portion of a 2020 Common Warrant if the holder (together with its affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of 4.99of the number of shares of our stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the 2020 Common Warrants. However, any holder may increase such percentage up to 9.99%, provided that any increase in such percentage shall not be effective until 61 days after such notice to us.

Exercise Price. The initial exercise price per share of common stock purchasable upon exercise of each 2020 Common Warrant is $1.10. The exercise price is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock.

Transferability. Subject to applicable laws, the 2020 Common Warrants may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without our consent. There is currently no trading market for the 2020 Common Warrants and a trading market is not expected to develop.

Exchange Listing. We do not intend to list the 2020 Common Warrants on any securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system, including The Nasdaq Capital Market.

 

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the 2020 Common Warrants and generally including any reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification of our common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the holders of the 2020 Common Warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the 2020 Common Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the 2020 Common Warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction. In addition, in the event of a fundamental transaction which is approved by our board of directors, the holders of the 2020 Common Warrants have the right to require us or a successor entity to redeem the 2020 Common Warrants for cash in the amount of the Black-Scholes value of the unexercised portion of the 2020 Common Warrants on the date of the consummation of the fundamental transaction. In the event of a fundamental transaction which is not approved by our board of directors, the holders of the 2020 Common Warrants have the right to require us or a successor entity to redeem the warrants for the consideration paid in the fundamental transaction in the amount of the Black Scholes value of the unexercised portion of the 2020 Common Warrants on the date of the consummation of the fundamental transaction payable at our option in either shares of our common stock (or, in certain cases, in the securities of the successor entity) or cash.

Rights as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our common stock, the holder of a 2020 Common Warrant does not have the rights or privileges of a holder of our common stock, including any voting rights, until the holder exercises the 2020 Common Warrant.

15


LEGAL MATTERS

Cooley LLP, Broomfield, Colorado, has passed upon the validity of the common stock offered by this prospectus.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Miragen Therapeutics, Inc., as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and for the years then ended, and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, have been incorporated by reference herein and in the registration statement, in reliance upon the reports of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The audit report covering the December 31, 2019 financial statements refers to a change to the method of accounting for revenue due to the adoption of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and other reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K, including any amendments to those reports, and other information that we file with or furnish to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act can also be accessed free of charge through the Internet. These filings will be available as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, relating to the offering of these securities. The registration statement, including the attached exhibits, contains additional relevant information about us and the securities. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement. You can obtain a copy of the registration statement from the SEC at the address listed above. The registration statement and the documents referred to below under “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” are also available on our website, www.miragen.com. We have not incorporated by reference into this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus the information on our website, and you should not consider it to be a part of this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus.


16


INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents instead of having to repeat the information in this prospectus. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and later information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below that we have filed with the SEC (Commission File No. 001-36483) and any future filings (including those made after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement) we will make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act until the termination of the offering of the shares covered by this prospectus (other than information furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K): 

 

 

our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on March 13, 2020 (including the information specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 from our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A (other than information furnished rather than filed));

 

our Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments thereto (excluding any reports or portions thereof that are deemed to be furnished and not filed) filed with the SEC on the following dates: January 30, 2020, February 6, 2020, February 7, 2020 and February 19, 2020; and

 

the description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on June 6, 2014, including any amendments thereto or reports filed for the purposes of updating this description.

Any statement contained in this prospectus or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this or any other subsequently filed document that is deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus modifies or supersedes the statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.

You should rely only on information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

You can request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number:

Miragen Therapeutics, Inc.

6200 Lookout Road

Boulder, CO 80301

Attn: Investor Relations

Tel: (720) 407-4595 

Email: investorrelations@miragenrx.com

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement we filed with the SEC. That registration statement and the exhibits filed along with the registration statement contain more information about us and the shares in this offering. Because information about documents referred to in this prospectus is not always complete, you should read the full documents which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement. You may read and copy the full registration statement and its exhibits at the SECs public reference rooms or its website. 

 

17


7,500,000 Shares of Common Stock Issuable Upon Exercise of Warrants

Prospectus

                , 2020

 

 


PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS

Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

The following table sets forth an estimate of the fees and expenses, other than the underwriting discounts and commissions, payable by us in connection with the issuance and distribution of the securities being registered. All the amounts shown are estimates, except for the SEC registration fee and the FINRA filing fee.

 

 

 

 

 

 

SEC registration fee

 

$

20,282.50

 

FINRA filing fee

 

$

*

 

Legal fees and expenses

 

$

*

 

Accounting fees

 

$

*

 

Printing and miscellaneous fees

 

$

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

These fees are calculated based on the securities offered and the number of issuances and accordingly cannot be estimated at this time.

Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Subsection (a) of Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or DGCL, empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or who is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the persons conduct was unlawful.

Subsection (b) of Section 145 empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person acted in any of the capacities set forth above, against expenses (including attorneys fees) actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.

Section 145 further provides that to the extent a director or officer of a corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in subsections (a) and (b) of Section 145, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith; that indemnification provided for by Section 145 shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which the indemnified party may be entitled; and the indemnification provided for by Section 145 shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of such persons heirs, executors and administrators. Section 145 also empowers the corporation to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liabilities under Section 145.


II-1


Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL provides that a corporations certificate of incorporation may contain a provision eliminating or limiting the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, provided that such provision shall not eliminate or limit the liability of a director (i) for any breach of the directors duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the DGCL, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.

Our certificate of incorporation contains provisions that eliminate, to the maximum extent permitted by the DGCL, the personal liability of directors and executive officers for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duties as a director or officer. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that we shall indemnify our directors and executive officers and may indemnify our employees and other agents to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL.

We have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers, in addition to the indemnification provided for in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, and we intend to enter into indemnification agreements with any new directors and executive officers in the future.

We have purchased and intend to maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director or officer against any loss arising from any claim asserted against him or her incurred by him or her in any such capacity, subject to certain exclusions.

The sales agreement by and between us and Cowen, provides for indemnification by Cowen of us, our directors, our officers who signed the registration statement and our controlling persons for some liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act. In addition, the underwriting agreement that we may enter into (Exhibit 1.1) may provide for indemnification by any underwriters of us, our directors, our officers who signed the registration statement and our controlling persons for some liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

Item 16. Exhibits.

Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit Number

Description of Exhibit

Form

File No.

Exhibit

Filing Date

Filed Herewith

1.1*

Form of Underwriting Agreement.

 

 

 

 

 

1.2

Common Stock Sales Agreement dated as of March 31, 2017, between the Registrant and Cowen and Company, LLC.

8-K

001-36483

10.1

3/31/2017

 

1.3

Common Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of December 11, 2019, between the Registrant and Aspire Capital Fund, LLC.

8-K

001-36483

10.1

12/11/2019

 

3.1

Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant.

10-Q

001-36483

3.1

8/14/2014

 

3.2

Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant.

S-4

333-214893

3.3

12/2/2016

 

3.3

Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant.

8-K

001-36483

3.1

2/13/2017

 

3.4

Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant.

8-K

001-36483

3.2

2/13/2017

 

3.5

Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant.

10-Q

001-36483

3.1

8/15/2016

 

3.6

Amendment to the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant.

8-K

001-36483

3.3

2/13/2017

 

4.1

Specimen Common Stock Certificate.

S-1

333-194668

4.1

3/19/2014

 

4.2*

Form of Specimen Preferred Stock Certificate and Certificate of Designation of Preferred Stock.

 

 

 

 

 

4.3

Form of Indenture.

 

 

 

 

X

II-2


4.4*

Form of Note.

 

 

 

 

 

4.5

Form of Common Stock Warrant Agreement and Warrant Certificate.

 

 

 

 

X

4.6*

Form of Preferred Stock Warrant Agreement and Warrant Certificate.

 

 

 

 

 

4.7*

Form of Debt Securities Warrant Agreement and Warrant Certificate.

 

 

 

 

 

4.8

Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock

8-K

001-36483

4.1

2/7/2020

 

5.1

Opinion of Cooley LLP.

 

 

 

 

X

23.1

Consent of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.

 

 

 

 

X

23.3

Consent of Cooley LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).

 

 

 

 

X

24.1

Power of Attorney (included on the signature page of this registration statement)

 

 

 

 

X

25.1

Statement of Eligibility of Trustee under the Debt Indenture

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

To be filed by amendment or by a Current Report on Form 8-K filed under the Exchange Act and incorporated herein by reference, if applicable.

**

To be filed separately under electronic form type 305B2, if applicable.

Item 17. Undertakings

The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

(a) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

(ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the Calculation of Registration Fee table in the effective registration statement; and

(iii) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(i), (ii) and (iii) do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

(b) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(c) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

II-3


(d) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

(i) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

(ii) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5) or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii) or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

(e) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

(f) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrants annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plans annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(g) That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, (i) the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of the registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(l) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be a part of the registration statement as of the time it was declared effective; and (ii) each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(h) To file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission under Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act.

(i) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the

II-4


payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.


II-5


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Boulder, Colorado, on March 26, 2020.

 

 

 

 

MIRAGEN THERAPEUTICS, INC.

 

 

By:

 

/s/ William S. Marshall, Ph.D.

 

 

William S. Marshall, Ph.D.

  President and Chief Executive Officer

 


II-6


POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William S. Marshall and Jason A. Leverone, as his or her true and lawful agent, proxy and attorney-in-fact, each acting alone, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to (i) act on, sign, and file with the SEC any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement together with all schedules and exhibits thereto, (ii) act on, sign and file such certificates, instruments, agreements and other documents as may be necessary or appropriate in connection therewith, (iii) act on and file any supplement to any prospectus included in this registration statement or any such amendment or any subsequent registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, and (iv) take any and all actions which may be necessary or appropriate to be done, as fully for all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby approving, ratifying and confirming all that such agent, proxy and attorney-in-fact or any of his substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Signature

 

Title

 

Date

 

 

 

/s/ William S. Marshall, Ph.D.

 

President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

 

March 26, 2020

William S. Marshall, Ph.D.

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Jason A. Leverone

 

Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary

 

March 26, 2020

Jason A. Leverone

 

(Principal Financial Officer; Principal Accounting Officer)

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Arlene M. Morris

 

Director

 

March 26, 2020

Arlene M. Morris

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Jeffrey S. Hatfield

 

Director, Chair of the Board

 

March 26, 2020

Jeffrey S. Hatfield

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Thomas E. Hughes, Ph.D.

 

Director

 

March 26, 2020

Thomas E. Hughes, Ph.D.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Kevin Koch, Ph.D.

 

Director

 

March 26, 2020

Kevin Koch, Ph.D.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Christopher J. Bowden, M.D.

 

Director

 

March 26, 2020

Christopher J. Bowden, M.D.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Joseph L. Turner

 

Director

 

March 26, 2020

Joseph L. Turner

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

II-7

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