Three quarters of Chinese middle class families expect their
children to attain a postgraduate degree, reports Mintel
CHICAGO, Dec. 5, 2012
/PRNewswire/ -- Following China's One-Child Policy in 1979,
more than eight in ten Chinese families in tier 1 and tier 2 cities
now have only one child - the pampered generation of "Little
Emperors" - of whom there are now 50 million or more in
China. But new research from
Mintel on Chinese consumer lifestyles reveals that despite a
life of comfort and privilege, expectations for the Little Emperors
are now exceptionally high - as of today, a staggering three
quarters (75%) of Chinese middle class families expect their
children to attain a postgraduate degree, a testament to the extent
to which higher education is linked with future prosperity in
modern China.
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In a prime example of the burden of expectation, only 32% of
Chinese middle class families are happy that their child completes
their education at only graduate level. These expectations are
fairly consistent across all income bands and cities as well as
being expected of both girls and boys. And it seems many Little
Emperors will have the opportunity to fulfill their parents'
wishes. Two thirds (66%) of middle class children in the cities
attend 'key schools'*, which aim for the majority of their pupils
to go on to higher education of some sort. The majority of the rest
of the children in the families surveyed by Mintel are attending
regular state schools (19%) and 9% are at private fee-paying
schools.
Paul French, Chief China Market
Strategist at Mintel, said:
"Education is where parents and grandparents start compensating
for their own losses first and is central to the Chinese middle
class experience and the cornerstone of middle class achievement.
While grandparents of the current infant generation will have
largely missed out on a formal education beyond high school due to
living circumstances, lack of finances or the chaos of the Cultural
Revolution period, invariably the parents of today's infant Little
Emperors have received a higher education and benefited from that
edge in the job market which then financially allows them to live a
middle class lifestyle. Simply put, higher education has been a key
component to middle class entry, formation and reproduction."
Mintel estimates there to be 35 million Little Emperors in the
middle class in China, plus an
undefined number in the Golden Collar social class and a fledgling
group of Little Emperors in the xiaokang (or the 'comfortably off')
social class - adding up to an estimated 50 million or more Little
Emperors. Over nine in ten Little Emperors have the luxury of their
own bedrooms (rising to 98% of those aged 10-16) which are fully
stocked with toys and electronic devices. Linked with assisting
studying, desktop, laptop and tablet computers are among the most
popular devices - and tablet (47%) ownership is now higher than
laptop ownership (44%) among Chinese middle class children. Novelty
items such as eReaders are more commonly found in children's
bedrooms in tier 1 cities (53% in Beijing) as opposed to tier 2 locations (just
33% in Nanjing).
"China's 'Little Emperors' are
the youth of the country's nascent emerging middle class. Growing
up in families with higher-than-average discretionary incomes, no
siblings and active grandparents, they are the beneficiaries of
rising expenditure on children. However, a rigid education system
and a heavy burden of expectation means that they are under
pressure to succeed while the absence of 'second chance parenting'
leads many parents to seek to protect their child through spending
on items that they believe will safeguard their future." Paul
continues.
However, when not studying, nearly all Little Emperors are
consumers in their own right and receive a monthly allowance, with
older parents and in particular moms aged 40-49 being the most
generous with their offspring (98%). And it seems that today's
Little Emperors in China are also
spoiled by other generations - as half (50%) of them get pocket
money from grandparents, while other family members also play their
part (20%). Amount of monthly pocket money is positively correlated
with household income. In addition, families living in Beijing appear to be the most generous with
their Little Emperors, as over three in ten (31%) give their
children pocket money in excess of RMB500 a month.
The Little Emperors are at the forefront of new modern
lifestyles - the stroller market has emerged strongly in all the
cities surveyed by Mintel – over 80% in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Nanjing and Chengdu – and across all financial brackets of
the middle class, perhaps indicating their position, not just as a
protection item, but also as a desirable accoutrement to the modern
middle class aspirational parenting. Indeed, over eight in ten
(86%) middle class urban families own a stroller, with another 12%
planning to buy one in the future.
"Strollers can be seen as a display of wealth, but are also
safer for the child to be transported in. As with diapers and
suncare products, strollers are not traditional items in
China and have been adopted almost
solely by the emergent middle class to date. Strollers go with
diapers and other modern baby items as products the new middle
class want for their Little Emperors." Paul continues.
About Mintel
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SOURCE Mintel