By Dan Strumpf And Saumya Vaishampayan 

U.S. stocks fell Thursday, as mixed economic readings offered further signs that the U.S. economy has hit a rough patch.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average lost 94 points, or 0.5%, to 17941 in midday trading. The S&P 500 index dropped 12 points, or 0.6%, to 2095. The Nasdaq Composite Index shed 50 points, or 1%, to 4974.

Investors received a flurry of data Thursday underscoring a recent downshift in the U.S. economy. While weekly jobless claims fell to the lowest level in 15 years, a report on consumer spending showed a smaller-than-expected pickup in March, while inflation undershot the Federal Reserve's 2% target for the 35th month in a row. The data came one day after the Commerce Department reported the U.S. economy grew just 0.2% during the first three months of the year, well below expectations.

"People are still kind of smarting from the GDP number," said Ted Weisberg, a trader at Seaport Securities. "You can wrap any excuse around bad economic numbers, but at the end of the day they're just excuses."

Information technology stocks posted some of the biggest losses Thursday as shares of Apple Inc. sank 2.2%. The pullback follows a report from The Wall Street Journal that a key component of the Apple Watch made by one of two suppliers was found to be defective. The broader S&P 500 Information Technology index lost 1%.

Following the dour economic data, the Russell 2000 index of small-capitalization stocks also lost ground, falling 1.3%. The business prospects of smaller companies are often more closely aligned with the U.S. economy.

Thursday's decline is the second straight loss for stocks, but both the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq Composite remain close to all-time highs reached just last week. On Wednesday, the Dow slipped 0.4%.

European stocks rebounded from Wednesday's steep losses. Germany's DAX added 0.2%, while France's CAC 40 gained 0.1%.

For months, investors have been calling for a pickup in spending, as consumers benefit from lower oil prices. While oil prices have rebounded in recent weeks, they still remain down about 45% from last June. Increased spending could boost corporate revenues, and in turn, profits.

"What's been interesting is the buildup in the savings rate over the last couple of months and the fact that consumers have not yet begun to spend that supposed windfall from gasoline prices coming down," said Ben Pace, chief investment officer of HPM Partners, which manages $6 billion. He said he continued to favor consumer discretionary stocks as he expects spending to eventually increase, also driven by improvement in the labor market.

Crude-oil futures on Thursday rose 1.1% to $59.21 a barrel. Gold futures fell 2.5% to $1179.90 an ounce.

The yield on the 10-year Treasury note rose to 2.096% from 2.035% on Wednesday. Yields rise as prices fall.

Exxon Mobil Corp., the biggest U.S. oil company, posted sharp declines in profit and revenue in the first quarter as it contended with a slump in oil prices. Shares swung between gains and losses, recently rising 0.2%.

Shares of Viacom Inc. fell 2.3% after the media company said it swung to a loss in its March quarter and took a hefty charge to restructure its business.

Time Warner Cable Inc. posted a disappointing profit and revenue for the first quarter. Shares fell 0.6%.

Write to Dan Strumpf at daniel.strumpf@wsj.com and Saumya Vaishampayan at saumya.vaishampayan@wsj.com

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