Kohl's Corp. posted disappointing sales growth in the first quarter after a weak February, though the retailer logged a surprise increase in profit.

Shares fell 5.7% in premarket trading.

Chief Executive Kevin Mansell said sales accelerated in March and April and noted that margins improved as the company had a "more balanced promotional calendar."

As a middle-market department store, Kohl's has been squeezed on the high end by Macy's Inc. and on the lower end by Wal-Mart Stores Inc. and Target Corp.

But recent upbeat results indicate that retailers catering to lower income Americans are making a comeback, a sign that a battered segment of consumers is on the mend.

Last year, Kohl's outlined a multiyear plan to return to growth, which included stocking better products, offering more compelling savings, tailoring offerings to local tastes and attracting top talent.

In the latest quarter, Kohl's reported sales excluding newly opened or closed stores grew 1.4%, compared to a year-earlier decline of 3.4%. Consensus Metrix had forecast growth of 2.6%.

Overall, for the quarter ended May 2, Kohl's reported a profit of $127 million, or 63 cents a share, up slightly from $125 million, or 60 cents a share, a year earlier.

Sales grew 1.3% to $4.12 billion.

Analysts polled by Thomson Reuters had expected per-share earnings of 55 cents and revenue of $4.19 billion.

Gross margin improved slightly to 36.9% from 36.8%.

On Wednesday, Macy's detailed plans to push its best stores upscale, as it works to squeeze more growth from a slowing department store business.

The plans came after the retailer reported a second straight quarter of weak sales, citing rough winter weather, trouble with West Coast ports and lower spending by tourists.

Write to Chelsey Dulaney at Chelsey.Dulaney@wsj.com

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