European shares slipped on Friday, weighed by declines in banking stocks, as the previous session's hefty rally petered out.

Bank shares were a notable weak spot, weighed down by a more than 10% fall in shares of Spanish lender Banco Santander after it launched a EUR7.5 billion capital hike. That also hit the broader Madrid stock market, which was 2.0% lower.

Stocks around the world surged on Thursday as investors bet that central banks will continue to flood financial markets with cheap money. Signs that the U.S. Federal Reserve is in no hurry to raise interest rates and a growing consensus that the European Central Bank will soon launch a bond-buying stimulus program had bolstered markets.

Markets were also buoyed by signs that oil prices are stabilizing after some steep declines at the start of 2015. Brent crude was steady at $50.98 a barrel early Friday.

Still, the gains fizzled out in Europe Friday with investors awaiting jobs data from the U.S. later in the session.

The Stoxx Europe 600 was 0.1% lower in early trade, having climbed 2.8% on Thursday.

Germany's DAX, France's CAC 40 and the U.K.'s FTSE 100 all fell by 0.1%.

Later, data are expected to show the U.S. economy created 240,000 jobs in December.

Confidence about the labor market, which has fueled a dollar rally in recent months, "comes in for some scrutiny" with the monthly payroll report, said Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi analyst Derek Halpenny.

The euro was a touch higher against the buck on Friday at $1.1806, but still close to its recent nine-year low.

Write to Tommy Stubbington at tommy.stubbington@wsj.com

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