MADRID-- Emilio Botín, chairman of Banco Santander SA and widely regarded as one of the most powerful people in Spain over the past three decades, has died aged 79, the Spanish bank said Wednesday.

Mr. Botín, who built up Santander from a small regional lender into one of the eurozone's largest banks, died of a stroke, the country's state-owned television network said.

Santander said in a regulatory statement that its board would meet later Wednesday to pick a new chairman.

In recent years, observers have said Mr. Botín had privately expressed a preference for his daughter, Ana-Patricia, to succeed him at the helm. The Botín family is one of the largest shareholders of the bank.

Write to David Román at david.roman@wsj.com

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