Raytheon Co. (RTN) raised its full-year profit guidance Thursday, the latest sign of how U.S. defense contractors are riding out domestic budget uncertainty by cutting costs and boosting overseas sales.

Three of Raytheon's four segments reported higher margins as the company's forecast-beating third-quarter performance countered a drop in revenue from a year ago. The company was led by the success of its missile-defense unit in winning key contracts from incumbent operators.

The five largest U.S. contractors all beat profit expectations in the third quarter, with Raytheon--the No. 4 by revenue--continuing the pattern set by its larger peers, boosting productivity on existing deals and winning new business after a sluggish first half for orders.

Raytheon is an industry bellwether in successfully selling its knowledge in areas such as missiles and missile defense to non-U.S. customers, pushing the share of revenue from international sales to an industry-leading level of more than 30%.

The company's closely watched backlog declined to $32.2 billion at the end of the quarter and was down 11% year-to-date to lag the sector, although overseas sales tend to accumulate in the final quarter of the year. Third-quarter bookings of $5.7 billion lifted its book-to-bill ratio to 97%, helped by notable wins in new radar contracts from the U.S. Navy.

Lockheed Martin Corp. (LMT), a longtime leader in naval electronics, this week lodged a formal protest with the Navy over Raytheon's latest contract win, forcing its rival to stop work on the project until an official ruling expected in January.

Raytheon lifted its full-year profit guidance, excluding pension and tax changes, to $5.67 to $5.77 a share from $5.51 to $5.61 a share. This is ahead of the $5.65 consensus. The company also raised the top end of its revenue forecast by $100 million to $23.8 billion. It provided no guidance for 2014.

Raytheon's third-quarter profit fell to $487 million in the third quarter from $501 million a year earlier, with per-share earnings flat at $1.51. Per-share earnings from continuing operations, excluding pension and tax changes, declined to $1.60 from $1.62 but were well ahead of the $1.32 consensus. Revenue fell to $5.84 billion from $6.04 billion.

Write to Doug Cameron at doug.cameron@wsj.com and Tess Stynes at tess.stynes@wsj.com

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10-24-13 0705ET

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