By Ilan Brat 

Mosaic Co., one of the world's biggest fertilizer makers, said Tuesday its second-quarter earnings rose 57%, boosted by cost controls and higher sales of phosphates, a key product.

Heavier sales of phosphates more than offset softer prices for the fertilizer, which declined some 3% from a year earlier in the quarter ended June 30. Meanwhile, an increase in potash production helped lower overall costs even as prices climbed nearly 5% from the previous year, bolstering profit margins.

The company's executives brushed off concerns that a steep decline in prices for corns, soybeans and other crops in the last two years would spur farmers to save money by curtailing their fertilizer usage.

Chief Executive Jim Prokopanko, who steps down Wednesday, said the second quarter, which includes the spring planting season in North America, showed that farmers are loath to skimp on fertilizer. "Farmers who planted crops fertilized them to maximize yields" and revenue, he said. He added that he expected farmers to behave similarly during the fall fertilizer-application period.

James O'Rourke, Mosaic's chief operating officer, will succeed Mr. Prokopanko as CEO and also assume his title as president of the company. Mr. Prokopanko will remain in an advisory role until his planned retirement in January.

Mr. O'Rourke indicated that Mosaic will remain focused on keeping costs low. Mosaic is one of the lowest-cost producers of potash in Canada, and "we are positioning Mosaic on the left-hand side of the global cost curve," he said. "We have developed a highly resilient model for softer parts of the business cycle."

Overall, the cost of goods sold in the quarter fell 2% to $1.88 billion while sales increased to $2.49 billion from $2.44 billion. Earnings were $391 million, or $1.08 a share, up from $248 million, or 64 cents a share, a year earlier.

Analysts polled by Thomson Reuters had projected a profit of 89 cents a share and revenue of $2.5 billion.

Shares of Mosaic climbed almost 3% to $44.04 a share in late-morning trade.

Angela Chen contributed to this article.

Write to Ilan Brat at ilan.brat@wsj.com

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