Coca-Cola Co. said its first-quarter earnings and revenue declined, though volumes for the beverage giant edged up.

Revenue for the period slightly topped Wall Street expectations.

Coke has launched an aggressive, wide-ranging marketing effort while investing in core carbonated drinks and introducing new products as it struggles with progressively worse trends in soda sales. Last month, trade publication Beverage Digest said the industry suffered its ninth straight yearly volume contraction last year as consumers increasingly abandoned diet sodas, which Coke, PepsiCo Inc. and their rivals have relied on to make up for falling sales in sugary soda.

Coke's world-wide unit-case soda volumes rose 2%--with sparkling beverage volume down 1%--in the first quarter, with flat volumes in North America, where sparkling beverage volume fell 1%.

Coke Chairman and Chief Executive Muhtar Kent said in a release Tuesday that the company's "growth momentum is steadily improving in line with our expectations."

The company has targeted 3% to 4% annual soda volume growth, a goal some observers have dismissed as unrealistic.

The core Coke brand posted flat volumes in North America for the period, as the company "saw significant improvement in brand health metrics" thanks to its marketing initiatives around the Super Bowl and the Sochi Winter Olympics programming.

The company's nonsoda beverages--which include Minute Maid juice and Dasani water, among others--continued to be a bright spot in the quarter, with world-wide volume rising 8%.

Overall, Coke posted a profit of $1.62 billion, or 36 cents a share, down from $1.75 billion, or 39 cents a share, a year earlier. Excluding items, per-share earnings came in at 44 cents.

Revenue fell to $10.58 billion. Excluding certain structural changes, currency-neutral net revenue improved 2% for the quarter, the company said.

Analysts surveyed by Thomson Reuters had expected earnings of 44 cents a share and revenue of $10.55 billion.

Write to Michael Calia at michael.calia@wsj.com

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