By Lisa Beilfuss And Don Clark 

EMC Corp. said first-quarter profits fell sharply and the company cut its full-year outlook, largely because of geopolitical factors and a continued drag from currency rates.

"We fell a bit short on first-quarter storage revenue due to geopolitical factors in Russia and China and not executing as crisply as we had expected in the first quarter," said Chief Executive Joe Tucci.

The company said its revised outlook for the year reflects the impact of foreign-currency exchange rates. EMC now expects to earn currency-adjusted profit of $1.91 a share on $25.7 billion in revenue.

In January, the company projected earnings of $1.98 a share and revenue of $26.1 billion. Like many tech companies, the stronger dollar relative to foreign currencies makes EMC's products more expensive to some customers, particularly in Europe.

Sales in the data-storage giant's core information storage business decreased 1%, as EMC struggles to spur growth in sales of its high-end VMAX systems. That decline was offset by sales from newer hardware EMC acquired by buying smaller companies, including a line called XtremIO that stores data on flash-memory chips rather than disk drives. Adjusted for currency effects, sales in the segment rose 3%.

EMC also benefited from growth at two software companies it controls, VMware Inc. and Pivotal Software Inc., key components of what the company calls its federation strategy.

The Hopkinton, Mass., company has faced pressure to change the strategy from investors that include Elliott Management Corp. The activist investor purchased a large stake in EMC last year and has urged the company to spin off its remaining stake in VMware or pursue other strategic opportunities to help boost EMC's share price.

That pressure eased somewhat in January, after Elliott agreed to a standstill agreement until September and EMC appointed two new directors that were approved by the investment firm. EMC management last month held a meeting with investors at which it reaffirmed the federation strategy, while disclosing measures to help the operations work better together.

Another question lingering for the company is how long Joe Tucci will remain chief executive. His employment contract expired earlier this year, but Mr. Tucci has said EMC's board has asked him to stay for an unspecified length of time. The company didn't provide a management update in its release on Wednesday.

VMware reported Tuesday that first-quarter revenue rose 12%, while net income declined 1%. Pivotal posted an 8% revenue increase in the fourth quarter, EMC said Wednesday.

In all, EMC reported first-quarter net income of $252 million, or 13 cents a share, down from a profit in the year-earlier period of $728 million, or 19 cents a share. Revenue rose 2% to $5.6 billion.

On an adjusted basis that excludes stock-based compensation and other items, EMC said it posted earnings of 31 cents a share, down from 35 cents a year earlier. Currency-adjusted revenue rose 6%.

Analysts had expected earnings on that basis of 36 cents a share on $5.74 billion in revenue, according to Thomson Reuters.

Shares in the company, down 11.5% this year through Tuesday's close, fell 2.1% to $25.76 in premarket trading.

Write to Don Clark at don.clark@wsj.com

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