KAMPALA Uganda--Uganda has started negotiations with two consortiums to build the country's first oil refinery, the energy and minerals ministry said Tuesday.

The $2.5 billion, 60,000 barrels-a-day refinery in the Lake Albertine Rift Valley is expected to provide a significant spur to the development of Uganda's vast oil fields, along the country's western border, that are believed to contain as much as 3.5 billion barrels of crude.

One of the consortiums is led by South Korea's SK Energy Co. and the other is a grouping under Russia's state-owned RT Global Resources, a spokeswoman for the ministry said in a statement.

"The two consortia will be expected to submit their respective best and final offers by the end of August 2014," said Fred Kabagambe Kaliisa, the ministry's permanent secretary.

The winning bid is expected to be announced by the end of the fourth quarter to pave the way for the start of construction early next year, government officials said.

Company officials could not be reached for immediate comment.

Uganda also plans to start awarding fresh oil and gas exploration licenses next year after an eight-year freeze, in attempt to speed up the development of its largely unexplored oil industry.

Four international companies had submitted detailed proposals for the refinery to the ministry earlier this month. The proposal by Japan's Marubeni Corp. (8002.TO) was not evaluated due to lack of a bid bond, while the Petroleum Pipeline Bureau proposal did not satisfy the requirements requested by government, the ministry said.

Write to Nicholas Bariyo at nicholas.bariyo@wsj.com

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