Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 20-F

 

 

(Mark One)

¨ Registration statement pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

or

 

x Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014

or

 

¨ Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from                      to                     

or

 

¨ Shell Company Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of the event requiring this shell company report.                     

Commission file number: 001-32827

BANCO MACRO S.A.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Macro Bank, Inc.

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

Argentina

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

Sarmiento 447, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

(Address of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

 

Jorge Scarinci

Finance and Investor Relations Manager

Banco Macro S.A.

401 Sarmiento, 3th Floor

Buenos Aires—C1041AAI, Argentina

Telephone: (+54-11-5222-6730)

Facsimile: (+54-11-5222-7826)

(Name, telephone, e-mail and/or facsimile member and address of company contact person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Each Class

 

Name of Each Exchange On Which Registered

American Depositary Shares

Class B ordinary shares, par value Ps.1.00 per share

 

New York Stock Exchange

New York Stock Exchange(*)

 

 

 

(*) Ordinary shares of Banco Macro S.A. are not listed for trading but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares which are evidenced by American Depositary Receipts.

 

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

 

9.75% Fixed/Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Junior Subordinated Bonds Due 2036
8.50% Notes Due 2017

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.

11,235,670 Class A ordinary shares, par value Ps.1.00 per share

573,327,358 Class B ordinary shares, par value Ps.1.00 per share

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  x                Accelerated filer  ¨                Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

 

U.S. GAAP  ¨     

International Financial Reporting  ¨

Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards

Board  ¨

   Other  x

If “Other has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:

Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:

Item 17  ¨    Item 18  x

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes  ¨    No   x

(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 23 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by the court.

Yes  ¨    No  ¨

Please send copies of notices and communications from the Securities and Exchange Commission to:

 

Hugo N. L. Bruzone

Bruchou, Fernández Madero & Lombardi

Ing. Butty 275, 12th Floor

C1001AFA - Buenos Aires, Argentina

 

Jeffrey Cohen

Linklaters LLP

1345 Avenue of the Americas

New York, NY 10105

 

 

 


Table of Contents

Table of Contents

 

PART I   4   
Item 1.

Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers

  4   
Item 2.

Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable

  4   
Item 3.

Key Information

  4   
Item 4.

Information on the Bank

  21   
Item 4A.

Unresolved Staff Comments

  73   
Item 5.

Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

  73   
Item 6.

Directors, Senior Management and Employees

  92   
Item 7.

Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions

  102   
Item 8.

Financial Information

  104   
Item 9.

The Offer and Listing

  106   
Item 10.

Additional Information

  108   
Item 11.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

  125   
Item 12.

Description of Securities Other Than Equity Securities

  126   
PART II   127   
Item 13.

Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies

  127   
Item 14.

Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds

  127   
Item 15.

Controls and Procedures

  127   
Item 16A.

Audit Committee Financial Expert

  129   
Item 16B.

Code of Ethics

  129   
Item 16C.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

  129   
Item 16D.

Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

  130   
Item 16E.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

  130   
Item 16F.

Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant

  130   
Item 16G.

Corporate Governance

  130   
PART III   133   
Item 17.

Financial Statements

  133   
Item 18.

Financial Statements

  133   
Item 19.

Exhibits

  133   

 

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Certain defined terms

In this annual report, we use the terms “the registrant,” “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Bank” to refer to Banco Macro S.A. and its subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis. References to “Banco Macro” refer to Banco Macro S.A. on an individual basis. References to “Class B shares refer to shares of our Class B common stock and references to “ADSs” refer to American depositary shares representing our Class B shares, except where the context otherwise requires. References to our “2036 Notes” refer to our 9.75% Fixed/Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Junior Subordinated Bonds due 2036. References to our “2017 Notes” refer to our 8.50% Notes due 2017. Except where the context otherwise requires, reference to our “notes” refer to our 2036 Notes and our 2017 Notes.

The term “Argentina” refers to the Republic of Argentina. The terms “Argentine government” or the “government” refer to the federal government of Argentina, the term “Argentine Congress” refer to Argentine National Congress, the legislative branch of the government of Argentina, the term “Central Bank” refers to the Banco Central de la República Argentina, or the Argentine Central Bank, the term “Superintendency” refers to the Superintendencia de Entidades Financieras y Cambiarias or the Superintendency of Financial and Exchange Entities, the term “CNV” refers to the Comisión Nacional de Valores, or the Argentine Securities Commission, the term “BCBA” refers to the Bolsa de Comercio de Buenos Aires, or the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange, the term “NYSE” refers to the New York Stock Exchange, the term “IGJ” refers to the Inspección General de Justicia, or Public Registry of Commerce and the term “ANSES” refers to the Administración Nacional de la Seguridad Social or National Social Security Agency.

The terms “U.S. dollar” and “U.S. dollars” and the symbol “US$” refer to the legal currency of the United States. The terms “Peso” and “Pesos” and the symbol “Ps.” refer to the legal currency of Argentina. “U.S. GAAP” refers to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, “Argentine GAAP” refers to generally accepted accounting principles in Argentina and “Central Bank Rules” refers to the accounting and other regulations of the Central Bank. The term “INDEC” refers to the National Statistics Institute (Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos, “INDEC”).

The term “GDP” refers to gross domestic product and all references in this annual report to GDP growth are to real GDP growth. The term “CER,” or benchmark stabilization coefficient, is an index issued by the Argentine government which is used to adjust value of credits and deposits. Assets and liabilities indexed by CER are adjusted according to the National Urban Consumer Price Index (Índice de Precios al Consumidor Nacional Urbano, the “IPCNU”), the new Argentine consumer price index that replaces the prior measurement and will be used on a going forward basis to calculate CER indexation.

Presentation of certain financial and other information

We maintain our financial books and records in Pesos and prepare and publish our consolidated financial statements in Argentina in conformity with Central Bank Rules, which differ in certain significant respects from U.S. GAAP and, to a certain extent, from Argentine GAAP. Our consolidated financial statements contain a description of the principal differences between Central Bank Rules and Argentine GAAP. Under Central Bank Rules, our consolidated financial statements were adjusted to account for the effects of wholesale-price inflation in Argentina for the periods through February 28, 2003. For the periods subsequent to February 28, 2003, the inflation adjustments were no longer applied to our consolidated financial statements under Central Bank Rules. However, in reviewing our consolidated financial statements, investors should consider that, in recent years, there have been significant changes in the prices for relevant economic variables, such as salary cost, interest and exchange rates, which are not required to be reflected by adjustments to such financial statements pursuant to local regulations.

Our consolidated financial statements consolidate the financial statements of the following companies:

 

  Banco del Tucumán S.A. (“Banco del Tucumán”)

 

  Macro Bank Limited (an entity organized under the laws of Bahamas)

 

  Macro Securities S.A.

 

  Macro Fiducia S.A.

 

  Macro Fondos S.G.F.C.I. S.A.

Our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014 included in this annual report have been reconciled to U.S. GAAP. See note 35 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014 for a reconciliation of our consolidated financial statements to U.S. GAAP. See also Item 5.A “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” for a reconciliation of Central Bank Rules to U.S. GAAP.

Due to the modification of certain disclosure methods for certain items on the consolidated balance sheets and the consolidated statements of income, which did not affect the shareholders’ equity of the Bank, the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2012 were modified for the sole purpose of comparability with the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2013 and 2014.

Our financial information in conformity with Central Bank Rules is sent on a monthly basis to the Central Bank and is published on its website www.bcra.gob.ar. In addition, we also file quarterly and annual financial statements with the Central Bank, the CNV and the BCBA.

 

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Rounding

Certain figures included in this annual report have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, figures shown as totals in certain tables may not be an arithmetic aggregation of the figures that precede them.

Market position

We make statements in this annual report about our competitive position and market share in, and the market size of, the Argentine banking industry. We have made these statements on the basis of statistics and other information from third-party sources that we believe are reliable. Although we have no reason to believe any of this information or these reports are inaccurate in any material respect, we have not independently verified the competitive position, market share and market size or market growth data provided by third parties or by industry or general publications.

Our internet site is not part of this annual report

We maintain an internet site at www.macro.com.ar. Information contained in or otherwise accessible through this website is not a part of this annual report. All references in this annual report to this Internet site are inactive textual references to this URL, or “uniform resource locator” and are for your informational reference only.

Cautionary statement concerning forward-looking statements

This annual report contains certain statements that we consider to be “forward-looking statements”. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current beliefs, expectations and projections about future events and financial trends affecting our business. Many important factors, in addition to those discussed elsewhere in this annual report, could cause our actual results to differ substantially from those anticipated in our forward-looking statements, including, among other things:

 

    changes in general economic, business, political, legal, social or other conditions in Argentina and worldwide;

 

    effects of the global financial markets and economic crisis;

 

    deterioration in regional business and economic conditions;

 

    inflation;

 

    fluctuations and declines in the exchange rate of the Peso;

 

    changes in interest rates which may adversely affect financial margins;

 

    governmental intervention and regulation (including banking and tax regulations);

 

    adverse legal or regulatory disputes or proceedings;

 

    credit and other risks of lending, such as increases in defaults by borrowers and other delinquencies;

 

    increase in the provisions for loan losses;

 

    fluctuations and declines in the value of Argentine public debt;

 

    decrease in deposits, customers loss and revenue losses;

 

    competition in banking, financial services and related industries and the loss of market share;

 

    cost and availability of funding;

 

    technological changes, changes in consumer spending and saving habits, and inability to implement new technologies; and

 

    the risk factors discussed under Item 3.D “Risk factors”.

The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “aim,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect,” “forecast” and similar words are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities, the effects of future regulation and the effects of competition. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they were made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly or to revise any forward-looking statements after we distribute this annual report because of new information, future events or other factors. In light of the risks and uncertainties described above, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this annual report might not occur and are not guarantees of future performance.

 

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Sections of this annual report that by their nature contain forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, Item 3. “Key Information,” Item 4. “Information on the Bank,” Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” and Item 11. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk”.

PART I

Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers

Not applicable.

Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable

Not applicable.

Item 3. Key Information

A. Selected Financial Data

The following tables present summary historical consolidated financial data for each of the periods indicated. You should read this information in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes, and the information under Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” included elsewhere in this annual report.

We have derived our selected consolidated financial data as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014 from our audited consolidated financial statements included in this annual report. We have derived our selected consolidated financial data for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012 from our audited consolidated financial statements not included in this annual report. Such financial information has been restated mainly due to the modification of certain disclosure methods for certain accounts and items on the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, which did not affect the shareholders’ equity of the Bank. Solely for the convenience of the reader, the reference exchange rate for U.S. dollars as of December 31, 2014, as reported by the Central Bank was Ps.8.552 to US$1.00. See Item 10. “Additional Information-Exchange Controls” for additional information regarding Peso/U.S. dollar exchange ratios.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010 (1)     2011 (1)     2012 (1)     2013     2014  
    

(in thousands of Pesos, except for number of shares,

net income per share and dividends per share)

 

Selected Consolidated Income Statement

          

Central Bank Rules:

          

Financial income

     3,728,438        4,698,648        6,904,370        9,753,531        14,682,649   

Financial expense

     (1,330,170     (1,718,721     (2,827,590     (4,021,540     (6,582,561

Gross intermediation margin

     2,398,268        2,979,927        4,076,780        5,731,991        8,100,088   

Provision for loan losses

     (215,040     (273,224     (600,424     (540,032     (664,882

Service charge income

     1,324,541        1,969,173        2,644,731        3,426,324        4,655,788   

Service charge expense

     (285,271     (427,954     (685,392     (917,807     (1,215,759

Administrative expenses

     (1,917,408     (2,488,577     (3,115,385     (4,015,356     (5,498,879

Other income

     167,523        190,560        196,662        253,214        351,203   

Other expense

     (89,540     (105,839     (156,089     (143,688     (262,350

Minority Interest in subsidiaries

     (6,868     (10,111     (13,790     (18,173     (23,492

Income Tax

     (365,775     (657,858     (853,475     (1,332,909     (1,962,186

Net income

     1,010,430        1,176,097        1,493,618        2,443,564        3,479,531   

Net income per share (2)

     1.70        1.98        2.56        4.18        5.95   

Dividends per share (3)

     0.85        0.00        0.00        1.02        1.02   

Dividends per share in US$ (3)

     0.21        0.00        0.00        0.16        0.12   

Number of outstanding shares (in thousands)

     594,485        584,485        584,485        584,485        584,563   

U.S. GAAP: (4)

          

Net income before extraordinary items

     865,215        1,198,411        1,551,994        2,479,680        3,572,933   

Extraordinary Gain

          

Less: Net income attributable to the non-controlling interest

     (5,943     (8,380     (14,159     (18,521     (25,424

Net income attributable to the controlling interest

     859,272        1,190,031        1,537,835        2,461,159        3,547,509   

Net income per share before extraordinary item(s)

     1.45        2.02        2.66        4.24        6.11   

Total net income per share (5)

     1.45        2.01        2.63        4.21        6.07   

Weighted average number of outstanding shares (in thousands)

     594,485        593,220        584,485        584,485        584,537   

 

(1) Due to the modification of certain disclosure methods defined for certain items in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, figures have been restated for comparability purposes. See “Presentation of certain financial and other information.”
(2) Net income in accordance with Central Bank Rules divided by weighted average number of outstanding shares.
(3) Includes cash dividends approved by the shareholders’ meetings for each of such fiscal years, if any.
(4) See note 35 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014 for a summary of significant differences between Central Bank Rules and U.S. GAAP.
(5) Net income in accordance with U.S. GAAP divided by weighted average number of outstanding shares.

 

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     As of December 31,  
     2010 (1)     2011 (1)     2012 (1)     2013     2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Selected Consolidated Balance Sheet

          

Central Bank Rules:

          

Assets

          

Cash and due from banks and correspondents

     5,202,004        6,172,446        10,047,048        12,860,529        15,434,202   

Government and private securities

     7,030,074        4,396,862        2,343,078        2,441,316        10,312,498   

Loans:

          

to the non-financial government sector

     336,430        336,189        586,557        640,158        604,417   

to the financial sector

     155,701        343,282        299,250        364,897        213,867   

to the non-financial private sector and foreign residents

     15,932,882        24,238,011        31,203,946        39,023,795        44,108,055   

Allowances for loan losses

     (514,910     (599,224     (887,156     (1,006,495     (1,186,044

Other assets

     5,040,342        6,291,633        4,301,342        4,970,834        5,508,639   

Total assets

     33,182,523        41,179,199        47,894,065        59,295,034        74,995,634   

Average assets

     27,871,603        34,839,066        44,792,602        53,268,656        67,852,744   

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity

          

Deposits:

          

from the non-financial government sector

     5,216,109        5,836,211        8,318,383        6,580,041        8,570,055   

from the financial sector

     15,776        17,731        24,222        26,874        38,683   

from the non-financial private sector and foreign residents

     18,175,508        23,313,136        27,846,067        36,820,103        46,107,816   

Other liabilities from financial intermediation and other liabilities

     4,883,090        6,487,435        4,575,660        6,023,432        7,228,056   

Provisions

     105,830        112,816        131,683        159,381        171,923   

Subordinated corporate bonds

     598,470        647,753        740,192        981,142        1,287,317   

Items pending allocation

     7,399        6,981        7,408        7,128        6,966   

Minority interest in subsidiaries

     27,499        37,584        51,355        69,502        93,001   

Total liabilities

     29,029,681        36,459,647        41,694,970        50,667,603        63,503,817   

Shareholders’ equity

     4,152,842        4,719,552        6,199,095        8,627,431        11,491,817   

Average shareholders’ equity

     3,733,181        4,400,739        5,510,363        7,344,336        10,425,703   

U.S. GAAP: (2)

          

Shareholders’ equity attributable to the controlling interest

     3,754,434        4,325,759        5,876,589        8,332,414        11,323,047   

Non-controlling interests

     28,995        37,375        51,534        70,055        95,479   

Shareholders’ equity

     3,783,429        4,363,134        5,928,123        8,402,469        11,418,526   

 

(1) Due to the modification of certain disclosure methods defined for certain items in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, figures have been restated for comparability purposes. See “Presentation of certain financial and other information.”
(2) See note 35 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014 for a summary of significant differences between Central Bank Rules and U.S. GAAP.

 

     As of and for the year ended December 31,  
Selected consolidated ratios:    2010     2011     2012     2013     2014  

Profitability and performance

          

Net interest margin (%) (1)

     11.15        10.93        12.07        13.70        15.74   

Fee income ratio (%) (2)

     35.58        39.79        39.35        37.41        36.50   

Efficiency ratio (%) (3)

     51.50        50.28        46.35        43.84        43.11   

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges (excluding interest on deposits) (4)

     11.42     14.37     17.63     20.70     25.04

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges (including interest on deposits) (5)

     2.24     2.32     2.00     2.14     2.01

Fee income as a percentage of administrative expense (%)

     69.08        79.13        84.89        85.33        84.67   

Return on average equity (%)

     27.07        26.72        27.11        33.27        33.37   

Return on average assets (%)

     3.63        3.38        3.33        4.59        5.13   

Liquidity

          

Loans as a percentage of total deposits (%)

     70.17        85.43        88.67        92.17        82.11   

Liquid assets as a percentage of total deposits (%) (6)

     50.96        34.74        31.75        33.34        40.57   

Capital

          

Total equity as a percentage of total assets (%)

     12.52        11.46        12.94        14.55        15.32   

Regulatory capital as a percentage of risk-weighted assets (%)

     24.74        18.26        19.01        25.29        24.02   

Asset Quality

          

Non-performing loans as a percentage of total loans (%) (7)

     2.11        1.51        1.78        1.66        1.95   

Allowances for loan losses as a percentage of total loans

     3.13        2.40        2.76        2.51        2.64   

Allowances for loan losses as a percentage of non-performing loans (%) (7)

     148.90        159.16        155.39        151.67        135.29   

Differences due to court orders (Amparos) as a percentage of equity (%)

     1.32        1.08        0.00        0.00        0.00   

Operations

          

Number of branches

     404        414        428        430        434   

Number of employees (8)

     8,197        8,452        8,500        8,613        8,693   

 

(1) Net interest income divided by average interest earning assets.
(2) Service charge income divided by the sum of gross intermediation margin and service charge income.
(3) Administrative expenses divided by the sum of gross intermediation margin and service charge income.
(4) For the purpose of computing the ratio of earnings to fixed charges excluding interest on deposits, earnings consist of income before income taxes plus fixed charges; fixed charges excluding interest on deposits consist of gross interest expense minus interest on deposits.
(5) For the purpose of computing the ratio of earnings to fixed charges including interest on deposits, earnings consist of income before income taxes plus fixed charges; fixed charges including interest on deposits is equal to gross interest expense.
(6) Liquid assets include cash, cash collateral, repos, Lebacs and Nobacs and interfinancing loans.
(7) Non-performing loans include all loans to borrowers classified as “3- troubled/medium risk,” “4-with high risk of insolvency/high risk,” “5-irrecoverable” and “6-irrecoverable according to Central Bank’s Rules” under the Central Bank loan classification system.
(8) Were workers performing their duties pursuant to the “Acciones de entrenamiento para el trabajo” program of the Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security and other casual workers included, the number of employees of the Bank would have been 8,209, 8,459, 8,534, 8,708 and 8,728 for 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 respectively. We do not account for such workers as employees, as the Bank does not remunerate them for their services, which are paid directly by the Argentine province where they work.

 

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B. Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not applicable.

C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

D. Risk Factors

You should carefully consider the risks described below with all of the other information included in the annual report before deciding to invest in our Class B shares or our ADSs or our notes. If any of the following risks actually occurs, it may materially harm our business and our financial condition and results of operations. As a result, the market price of our Class B shares, our ADSs or our notes could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment.

Investors should carefully read this annual report in its entirety. They should also take into account and evaluate, among other things, their own financial circumstances, their investment goals, and the following risk factors.

Risks relating to Argentina

Argentina’s economic performance may not be sustainable.

The Argentine economy has experienced significant volatility in recent decades, with periods of low or negative growth, high inflation and currency devaluation. Since the 2001 economic crisis, Argentina recovered significantly by increasing at a substantial level its real GDP, at an average of 8.5% on annual basis between 2003 and 2008. As a result of the 2008 world economic crisis, Argentina GDP´s growth rate decreased up to 0.9% in 2009, but it returned to 9.2% growth in 2010 and 8.9% growth in 2011. During 2012, the Argentine economy experienced a slowdown with GDP increasing at a rate of 1.9%. In March 2014, the Argentine government announced a new method of calculating GDP as requested by the International Monetary Fund (“IMF”) (using 2004 as the base year instead of 1993, which was the base reference year used in the prior method of GDP calculation).

Following changes in the methodology used in calculating GDP, INDEC reported that Argentina´s GDP´s growth rate for 2013 was 3% and 0.5% for 2014. This decrease was principally due to the deceleration of the global economy and macroeconomic conditions in Argentina during 2014.

A less favorable international economic environment, a lack of stability, competitiveness of the Peso against other foreign currencies, the low level of confidence among consumers and foreign and domestic investors, a higher inflation rate and future political uncertainties, among other factors, may affect the development of the Argentine economy and cause volatility in the local capital markets

Substantially all our operations, properties and customers are located in Argentina. As a result, our business is to a very large extent dependent upon the economic, social and political conditions prevailing in Argentina. No assurance can be given that future economic, social and political developments in Argentina, over which we have no control, will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Argentine economy could be adversely affected by economic developments in the global markets.

Financial and securities markets in Argentina are influenced by economic and market conditions in other markets worldwide. The international scenario shows contradictory signals of global growth, as well as high financial and exchange uncertainty. The global financial crisis that commenced in the last quarter of 2008 negatively affected the economies of several countries around the world, including Argentina and certain of its trading partners. In late 2011, the global financial system experienced unprecedented volatility and disruption. The resulting financial turmoil caused greater restrictions on access to credit, low liquidity, extreme volatility in foreign exchange markets and securities, and capital flight from emerging markets, including Argentina. In this context, and for the first time in history, on August 5, 2011, Standard & Poor’s Financial Services downgraded the debt instruments issued by the United States from “AAA” to “AA+”. On January 13, 2012, Standard & Poor’s Rating Services downgraded the instruments of nine European countries including France and Italy. Financial markets reacted adversely to the crisis, curtailing the ability of certain of these countries to refinance their outstanding debt.

 

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Moreover, emerging economies have been affected by the change in the U.S. monetary policy, resulting in the sharp unwinding of speculative asset positions, depreciations and increased volatility in the value of their currencies and higher interest rates. The general appreciation of the U.S. dollar resulting from a more restrictive U.S. monetary policy contributed to the fall of the international price of raw materials, increasing the difficulties of emerging countries which are exporters of these products.

Although economic conditions vary from country to country, investors’ perceptions of events occurring in other countries have in the past and may continue to substantially affect capital flows into and investments in securities from issuers in other countries, including Argentina. A prolonged slowdown in economic activity in Argentina or negative effects on the Argentine financial system or the securities markets would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Argentina’s economy is vulnerable to external shocks that could be caused by significant economic difficulties of its major regional trading partners or by more general “contagion” effects.

Argentina’s economy is vulnerable to adverse developments affecting its principal trading partners. A significant decline in the economic growth of any of Argentina’s major trading partners, such as Brazil, China or the United States, could have a material adverse impact on Argentina’s trade balance and adversely affect Argentina’s economic growth. The economic performance of other trading partners such as Chile, Spain and Canada may also affect Argentina’s trade balance.

Recent economic slowdowns have led to declines in exports in 2014 of 27% with Chile, 18% with China, 14% with MERCOSUR (Brazil) and 10% with NAFTA (USA and Canada), each as compared to 2013. Declining demand for Argentine exports could have a material adverse effect on Argentina’s economic growth.

Because international investors’ reactions to the events occurring in one market sometimes demonstrate a “contagion” effect in which an entire region or class of investment is disfavored by international investors, Argentina could be adversely affected by negative economic or financial developments in other countries. This “contagion” effect, in turn, may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Argentina’s ability to obtain financing from international markets is limited, which may impair its ability to implement reforms and public policies and foster economic growth.

Argentina’s 2001 default and its failure to fully restructure its sovereign debt and negotiate with the holdout creditors has limited and may continue to limit Argentina’s ability to access international capital markets. In 2005, Argentina completed the restructuring of a substantial portion of its indebtedness and settled all of its debt with the IMF. Additionally, in June 2010, Argentina completed the renegotiation of approximately 67% of the defaulted bonds that were not swapped in the 2005 restructuring. As a result of the 2005 and 2010 debt swaps, Argentina has restructured approximately 91% of its defaulted debt that was eligible for restructuring. Holdout creditors that declined to participate in the exchanges commenced numerous lawsuits against Argentina in several countries, including the United States, Italy, Germany, and Japan. Additionally, on May 29, 2014, the Argentine government and representatives of the Paris Club creditors reached an agreement to clear Argentina’s debt due to the Paris Club creditors, in arrears, in the total amount of US$9.7 billion as of April 30, 2014.

In related cases brought before the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York (the “District Court”), the plaintiffs argued that allowing Argentina to make payments under the new bonds issued pursuant to the debt swaps while it remained in default on its pre-2002 bonds violates the pari passu clause in the original bonds and entitles the plaintiffs to injunctive relief barring Argentina from making payments on the new bonds without making comparable payments on the original bonds. In late October 2012, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in New York affirmed the District Court’s ruling that the pari passu clause in the pre-2002 bonds prevents Argentina from making payments unless it makes ratable payments to the holdout creditors at the same time. On November 21, 2012, the District Court specified that ratable payments to the holdout creditors would be the full amount owed on the bonds (including interest) and ordered Argentina to pay approximately US$1.3 billion plus interest owed to the holdout creditors party to such proceedings.

On appeal, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ordered Argentina to submit a payment plan proposal for the holdout creditors, which Argentina did on March 29, 2013. On August 23, 2013, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit rejected Argentina’s payment proposal and affirmed the District Court’s November 21, 2012 injunctions (the “Injunction”). However, in the same ruling, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit stayed the enforcement of the injunctions pending the resolution by the U.S. Supreme Court of any timely petition for a writ of certiorari. In this regard, Argentina filed a petition for a writ of certiorari on June 24, 2013, which was denied as premature. Later, on February 18, 2014, Argentina and certain holders of the new bonds timely filed petitions for a writ of certiorari. On June 16, 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court denied Argentina’s petition for a writ of certiorari in connection therewith and, subsequently, on June 18, 2014, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit lifted its stay on the District Court’s Injunction. Separately, on June 16, 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed a District Court ruling to compel discovery from certain financial institutions concerning, among other things, Argentina’s assets.

On June 23, 2014, the District Court appointed a special master to mediate settlement negotiations between Argentina and the litigating bondholders. On June 26, 2014, the District Court denied Argentina’s request for a further stay of the Injunction. In addition, on or about June 27, 2014, Argentina transferred to The Bank of New York Mellon, in its capacity as trustee, amounts due June 30, 2014 in respect of certain of its restructured bonds. The District Court, however, prohibited such payment and ordered Argentina and the holders of its non-restructured bonds to agree on a payment schedule. Following negotiations between Argentina and the litigating bondholders, Argentina

 

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and such bondholders failed to reach an agreement in respect of its defaulted debt. By July 30, 2014, the end of the grace period provided under Argentina’s relevant restructured bonds for the payment of debt service thereunder, Argentina and the holdout creditors had not arrived on an agreement and The Bank of New York Mellon complied with the order of the District Court to not deliver the funds previously deposited by Argentina for payment to the holders of the restructured bonds under foreign law. While Argentina asserted that it complied with its obligation to the holders of the restructured bonds by making such deposit, and that the indenture trustee had the obligation to deliver such payment, on such date Standard & Poor’s Rating Services downgraded Argentina’s foreign currency credit rating to “selective default”, or “SD”, while on July 31, 2014, Fitch Ratings Inc. downgraded Argentina’s foreign currency issuer default rating to “restricted default”, or “RD”.

On September 11, 2014, the Argentine Congress enacted Law No. 26,984, with the purpose of implementing legal mechanisms to allow restructured bondholders to collect payments under such bonds. Law No. 26,984 established a new account in the name of Nación Fideicomisos S.A. with the Central Bank in order to make payments to restructured bondholders. Furthermore, Law No. 26,984 set forth that the executive branch could implement an exchange of restructured bonds for Argentine law-governed bonds and for French law-governed bonds. As of the date of this annual report, no such mechanism has been implemented by the Argentine government. Separately, during August 2014 the Central Bank revoked The Bank of New York Mellon’s authorization to operate in Argentina. In connection with these and other actions taken by the Argentine government, the District Court held Argentina in contempt on September 29, 2014.

The District Court authorized limited exceptions to the Injunction allowing certain custodians of Argentine law-governed bonds to process payments in August 2014, September 2014 and December 2014. Payments on the remaining restructured bonds have not been processed as a consequence of the Injunction and various restructured bondholders have been seeking the release of such payments in court. As of the date of this annual report, the District Court has not authorized any other such releases or payments.

The continuation and outcome of this litigation may continue to prevent Argentina from obtaining favorable terms or interest rates when accessing international capital markets. Litigation initiated by holdout creditors or other parties may result in material judgments against the Argentine government and could result in attachments of, or injunctions relating to, Argentina’s assets, which could have a material adverse effect on the country’s economy and affect our ability to access international financing. In addition, litigation initiated by holdouts could eventually bring Argentina to be considered in default of its obligations and cause acceleration of the existing exchange debt due to cross default clauses which could have a material adverse effect on the on the country’s economy, and consequently, our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Argentina is subject to litigation by foreign shareholders of Argentine companies and holders of Argentina’s defaulted bonds, which have resulted and may result in adverse judgments or injunctions against Argentina’s assets and limit its financial resources.

Foreign shareholders of several Argentine companies, including public utilities, and bondholders that did not participate in the exchange offers described above, have filed claims in excess of US$20 billion in the aggregate with the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (the “ICSID”) alleging that the emergency measures adopted by the government differ from the just and equal treatment standards set forth in several bilateral investment treaties to which Argentina is a party. During 2013, Argentina agreed to settle five separate investment treaty arbitration claims at a cost of around US$500 million. As of December 31, 2014, there were ICSID judgments outstanding against Argentina for approximately US$64 million, plus interest and expenses. On April 9, 2015, the ICSID held that Argentina must pay US$405 million in damages for prejudices suffered in relation to the termination of the Aguas Argentinas water and waste water management concession contract in Buenos Aires. Furthermore, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (“UNCITRAL”) has issued rulings against Argentina for approximately US$280 million, plus interest and expenses.

Litigation, as well as ICSID and UNCITRAL claims against the Argentine government, have resulted in material judgments and may result in new material judgments against the government, and could result in attachments of or injunctions relating to assets of Argentina that the government intended for other uses. As a result, the Argentine government may not have all the necessary financial resources to honor its obligations, implement reforms and foster growth, which could have a material adverse effect on the country’s economy, and consequently, our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Government intervention could adversely affect the Argentine economy.

Substantially all our operations, properties and customers are located in Argentina. As a result, our business is to a very large extent dependent upon the political, social and economic conditions prevailing in Argentina. In recent years, the Argentine government has increased its direct intervention in the economy and in private sector operations and companies, limiting certain aspects of private sector businesses.

In May 2013, the Argentine Congress passed a law providing for the expropriation of 51% of the share capital of YPF (Yacimientos Petroliferos Fiscales S.A.), the principal Argentine oil company, which shares were owned by Repsol, S.A. and its affiliates. In February 2015, the Argentine government sent a bill to the Congress in order to revoke certain train concessions, return the national rail network to state control and provide powers to review all concessions currently in force.

In addition, Supply Law No. 26,991 (the “Supply Law”) became effective on September 28, 2014. The Supply Law applies to all economic processes linked to goods, facilities and services which, either directly or indirectly, satisfy basic needs of the population and grants broad delegations of powers to the enforcement authority to interfere in such processes. The Supply Law also provides that in a situation of shortage or scarcity of goods or services which satisfy basic needs destined to the general welfare of the population, the enforcement authority may order their sale, production, distribution and delivery throughout Argentina.

 

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Furthermore, financial institutions operate in a highly regulated environment. See “—The amendment of the Central Bank’s Charter and the Convertibility Law may adversely affect the Argentine economy” and “—Governmental measures and regulatory framework affecting financial entities could have a material adverse effect on the operations of financial entities”. As of the date of this annual report, three different bills to amend the Financial Institutions Law No. 21,526 as amended (the “Financial Institution Law”) have been put forth for review in the Argentine Congress, seeking to amend different aspects of the Financial Institutions Law. A thorough amendment of the Financial Institutions Law would have a substantial effect on the banking system as a whole.

Moreover, the Argentine government has in the past enacted laws and regulations requiring private sector companies to maintain certain salary levels and provide their employees with additional benefits. Employers, both in the public and private sector, have also been experiencing intense pressures from their personnel, or from the labor unions representing them, demanding salary increases and certain benefits for the workers, given the high inflation rates.

Actions taken by the Argentine government concerning the economy, including decisions with respect to interest rates, taxes, price controls, salary increases, provision of additional employee benefits foreign exchange controls and potential changes in the foreign exchange market, have had and could continue to have a material adverse effect on Argentina´s economic growth and in turn affect our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, any additional Argentine government policies to preempt, or in response to, social unrest could adversely and materially affect the economy, and thereby our business.

Expropriations, interventions and other direct involvement by the Argentine government in the economy may have an adverse impact on the level of foreign investment in Argentina, the access of Argentine companies to the international capital markets and Argentina’s commercial and diplomatic relations with other countries.

Argentina’s foreign trade measures may lead to a decrease in exports and retaliation by trading partners.

In 2012, the Argentine government introduced a procedure pursuant to which local authorities must pre-approve the import of products and services to Argentina as a pre-condition to permit such import and the consequent access to the foreign exchange market for the payment of the imported products or services. Members of Mercosur and other countries have complained against these measures, and some have filed claims against Argentina with the World Trade Organization.

In addition, during recent years, the Argentine government has increasingly issued regulations and taken certain actions seeking to control the value of the Peso and offset mismatches on the country’s balance of payments. Such measures, among others, may affect diplomatic commercial relations among Argentina and its trading partners, affecting the trade balance.

Repeated complaints from various countries against import restrictions implemented by Argentina, suspension of export preferences or retaliations by trading partners may have an adverse effect on Argentine exports, affect the trade balance and, consequently, adversely impact Argentina’s economy. Diminished foreign trade would also adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Exchange controls and capital inflow and outflow restrictions have limited, and can be expected to continue to limit, the availability of international credit and may impair our ability to make payments on our obligations.

Since 2002, Argentina has imposed exchange controls and transfer restrictions substantially limiting the ability of companies to retain foreign currency or make payments abroad. In June 2005, the government issued Decree No. 616/2005, which established additional controls on capital inflows and outflows. In addition, since 2011, the Argentine government has increased controls on the incurrence of foreign currency-denominated indebtedness, the sale of foreign currency and the acquisition of foreign assets by local residents, limiting the possibility of transferring funds abroad. Furthermore, new regulations have been issued since 2012 pursuant to which certain foreign exchange transactions are subject to prior approval by Argentine tax authorities. For more information, see Item 10.D “Exchange Controls”.

Since the enhancement of exchange controls in November 2011, it is widely reported that in the countries where the Peso (bill) is traded, the Peso/U.S. dollar exchange rate differs substantially from the official foreign exchange rate in Argentina. Additionally, the level of international reserves deposited with the Central Bank significantly decreased from US$47.4 billion as of November 1, 2011 to US$31.5 billion as of March 31, 2015, resulting in a reduced capacity of the Argentine government to intervene in the foreign exchange market and to provide access to such markets to private sector entities like us.

Additional controls could have a negative effect on the economy and on private sector companies, including our business, and may adversely affect Argentine entities’ ability to access the international capital markets for credit. Furthermore, in such event, the imposition of future restrictions on the transfers of funds abroad may impede our ability to transfer dividends to ADS holders or interest or principal payments to the holders of our notes.

A decline in the international prices for Argentina’s main commodity exports or a climate disaster could have an adverse effect on Argentina’s economic growth.

High commodity prices have contributed significantly to the increase in Argentine exports since the third quarter of 2002 as well as in governmental revenues from export taxes (witholdings). However, this reliance on the export of certain commodities, such as soy, has made the Argentine economy more vulnerable to fluctuations in their prices.

 

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If international commodity prices decline, the Argentine government’s revenues would decrease significantly affecting Argentina’s economic activity. Accordingly, a decline in international commodity prices could adversely affect Argentina’s economy, which in turn would produce a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, adverse weather conditions can affect production of commodities by the agricultural sector, which account for a significant portion of Argentina’s export revenues. These circumstances would have a negative impact on the levels of government revenues, availability of foreign exchange and the government’s ability to service its sovereign debt, and could either generate recessionary or inflationary pressures, depending on the government’s reaction. Either of these results would adversely impact Argentina’s economy growth and, therefore, our business, financial condition and results of operations.

An increase in inflation could have a material adverse effect on Argentina’s economic prospects.

In recent years, Argentina has confronted inflationary pressure, as evidenced by significantly higher fuel, energy and food prices. According to inflation data published by the INDEC, the Argentine consumer price index (“CPI”) increased 10.8% in 2012 and 10.9% in 2013. The wholesale price index increased 13.1% and 14.8%, respectively. These amounts differed with private estimates during such periods.

Since 2007, INDEC, which is the only institution in Argentina with the statutory authority to produce official nationwide statistics, experienced a controversial process of institutional reforms. The accuracy of the statistical information released by the INDEC has been called into question by numerous private sectors and the IMF. In February 2014, after a long period of analysis, the INDEC created a new index, the National Urban Consumer Price Index (Índice de Precios al Consumidor Nacional Urbano, the “IPCNU”), that aims to more broadly reflect changes in consumer prices by measuring 520 products and services in all of Argentina’s 23 provincial capitals, the City of Buenos Aires and major cities in the country, which total 40 urban areas. This new index shows an inflation rate of 23.9% in 2014, 1.1% in January 2015, 0.9% in February 2015 and 1.3% in March 2015.

In the past, inflation has materially undermined the Argentine economy and Argentina’s ability to create conditions that would permit growth. High inflation may also undermine Argentina’s competitiveness abroad and lead to a decline in private consumption that also affects employment levels, salaries and interest rates. Moreover, a high inflation rate could undermine confidence in the Argentine financial system, reducing the Peso deposit base and negatively impacting long-term credit markets.

There can be no assurance that inflation rates will not continue to escalate in the future or that the measures adopted or that may be adopted by the Argentine government to control inflation will be effective or successful. Inflation remains a challenge for Argentina. Significant inflation could have a material adverse effect on Argentina’s economy and in turn could increase our costs of operation, in particular labor costs, and may negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations. See “—Failure by the Argentine government to follow the International Monetary Fund’s recommendations could further strain relations with the IMF”.

Failure by the Argentine government to follow the International Monetary Fund’s recommendations could further strain relations with the IMF.

During the past years, Argentina’s relations with the IMF have been strained. Due to generalized complaints against INDEC’s quality of official data, in December 2010, Argentina accepted to begin working with the IMF for technical assistance in order to prepare a new CPI with the aim of modernizing the current statistical system. During the first quarter of 2011, a team from the IMF started working in conjunction with the INDEC. In addition, on February 1, 2013 the IMF issued a declaration of censure against Argentina in connection with its failure to address the quality of the official data reported to the IMF for CPI and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Furthermore, on December 9, 2013 the IMF recognized Argentina’s ongoing work and intention to introduce a new national CPI in early 2014. The IMF also noted that Argentina was working to address shortcomings in its GDP data.

As a result, the IMF adopted a decision calling on Argentina to implement specified actions to address the quality of its official CPI and GDP data according to a specified timetable. Such specified actions include the public release of a new national CPI and revised GDP estimates, by the end of March 2014. On February 13, 2014, the INDEC published the IPCNU, agreed by the IMF. Moreover, in March 2014, the Argentine government announced a new method of calculating GDP (using 2004 as the base year instead of 1993, which was the base reference year used in the prior method of GDP calculation).

In December 15, 2014, the IMF recognized the progress of Argentine authorities to remedy the inaccurate provision of data, but has delayed the definitive evaluation of the new index.

If the IMF finds that the methodology of INDEC for calculating a new national CPI or GDP is inaccurate, or concludes that its methodology shall be adjusted, that could derive in financial and economic hazards for Argentina, including lack of financing from such organization. If these measures are adopted, the Argentine economy could suffer adverse effects, either by limiting access to international financial markets or increasing the financing cost associated therewith, which in turn would adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Significant devaluation of the Peso against the U.S. dollar may adversely affect the Argentine economy.

Despite the positive effects of the real depreciation of the Peso on the competitiveness of certain sectors of the Argentine economy, it also had a far-reaching negative impact on the Argentine economy and on the financial condition of businesses and individuals. The devaluation of the Peso had a negative impact on the ability of Argentine businesses to honor their foreign currency-denominated debt, led to very high inflation initially, significantly reduced real wages, had a negative impact on businesses whose success is dependent on domestic market demand, such as utilities and the financial industry.

 

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During 2013, the stock of the international reserves of the Central Bank decreased from US$44.3 billion in 2012 to US$30.6 billion in 2013, mainly due to financing private deficit and payment of Argentine external indebtedness, in spite of the restrictions imposed by the Argentine government on the foreign exchange market since 2011.

In order to contain the fall in reserves, the Central Bank accelerated the rate of nominal devaluation of the Peso. During the first quarter of 2014, the Peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate has significantly increased, resulting in a strong devaluation of the Peso from Ps.6.9120 per dollar to Ps.8.0183 per dollar in two days. The value of Peso gradually depreciated during 2014. See Item 10.D “Exchange Controls—Exchange rates”. The stock of international reserves of the Central Bank was US$31.4 billion as of December 31, 2014 and US$31.5 billion as of March 31, 2015.

The Argentine macroeconomic environment, in which we operate, was affected by such devaluation which had an impact on our financial and economic position. If the Peso devalues significantly, all of the negative effects on the Argentine economy related to such devaluation could recur, with adverse consequences to our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Significant appreciation of the Peso against the U.S. dollar may adversely affect the Argentine economy.

A substantial increase in the value of the Peso against the U.S. dollar presents risks for the Argentine economy. A significant real appreciation of the Peso could affect Argentina’s competitiveness abroad and adversely affect exports and employment level. This could have a negative effect on GDP growth as well as reduce the Argentine public sector’s revenues by reducing tax collection in real terms. A contraction of the Argentine economy may have a material adverse effect in our business, our financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, the appreciation of the Peso against the U.S. dollar would negatively impact the financial condition of entities whose foreign currency-denominated assets exceed their foreign currency-denominated liabilities.

Our primary assets and revenues are denominated in Pesos while approximately 13% of our total assets and 12% of our total liabilities are denominated in foreign currencies.

High public expenditure could result in long lasting adverse consequences for the Argentine economy.

During the last few years, the Argentine government has substantially increased public expenditure. In 2014, public sector expenditure increased by 43% year over year and the government reported primary fiscal deficit. During recent years, the Argentine government has resorted to the Central Bank and to the ANSES to source part of its funding requirements.

In light of increasingly tight public finances, the Argentine government has commenced revising its subsidy policies, particularly those related to energy, electricity and gas, water and public transportation. Changes in these policies could materially and adversely impact consumer purchase capacity and economic activity and lead to an increase in prices, because they occur in a context of high inflation and high interest rates.

We cannot assure you that the government will not seek to finance its deficit by gaining access to the liquidity available in the local financial institutions. In that case, government initiatives that increase the exposure of local financial institutions to the public sector would affect our liquidity and assets quality and impact negatively on clients’ confidence.

In addition, a further deterioration in fiscal accounts could negatively affect the government’s ability to access the international financing markets and could result in increased pressure on the Argentine private sector to cover the government’s financial needs. This would adversely impact the Argentine economy and our financial condition and results of operations.

The amendment of the Central Bank’s Charter and the Convertibility Law may adversely affect the Argentine economy.

On March 22, 2012, the Argentine Congress passed Law No. 26,739, which amended the charter of the Central Bank (the “Central Bank’s Charter”) and Law No. 23,298 (the “Convertibility Law”). This new law amends the objectives of the Central Bank (established in its charter) and removes certain provisions previously in force. Pursuant to the amendment, the Central Bank focuses on promoting monetary and financial stability as well as development with social equity.

The key component of the amendment of the Central Bank Charter relates to the use of the international reserves and the implementation of polices by the Central Bank in order to interfere in the fixing of interest rates and terms of loans to financial institutions.

Pursuant to this amendment, Central Bank reserves may be made available to the government for the repayment of debt or to finance public expenses. During 2013, the currency reserves in U.S. dollars held by the Argentine government in the Central Bank have significantly decreased, from US$44.3 billion in 2012 to US$30.6 billion in 2013, while during 2014 the reserves slightly increased up to US$31.4 billion as of December 31, 2014. The stock of the international reserves of the Central Bank was US$31.5 billion as of March 31, 2015.

The use of Central Bank reserves for the expanded purposes may result in Argentina being more vulnerable to inflation or external shocks, affecting the country’s capacity to overcome the effects of an external crisis.

 

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Increased uncertainty due to the upcoming Presidential and Congressional elections could have an adverse effect on the Argentine economy.

Presidential and Congressional elections in Argentina are scheduled to take place on October 25, 2015. There is a general uncertainty as to who will win the elections and what impact the outcome could produce on the Argentine economy. The uncertainty about the probable outcomes of the general elections and the measures to be subsequently taken could have an adverse effect on financial institutions and the Argentine economy as a whole.

Risks relating to the Argentine financial system

The health of Argentina’s financial system depends on the growth of long-term credit market.

In recent years, the loan portfolio of the Argentine financial system grew significantly. Loans to the private sector grew by approximately 32% in 2012, 31% in 2013 and 20% in 2014 for the financial system as a whole. In spite of the recovery of credit activity, the long-term loans market (pledged loans and mortgage loans) did not grow at the same pace and grew only 7% to the private sector in 2014.

Since most deposits are short-term deposits, a substantial portion of the loans must have the same maturity, and there is a small portion of long-term credit lines.

The uncertainty of the level of inflation for future years is a principal obstacle preventing a faster recovery of Argentina’s private sector long-term lending. This uncertainty has had and may continue to have a significant impact on both the supply of and demand for long-term loans as borrowers try to hedge against inflation risk by borrowing at fixed rates while lenders hedge against inflation risk by offering loans at floating rates.

If longer-term financial intermediation activity does not grow, the ability of financial institutions, including us, to generate profits will be negatively affected.

The health of the financial system depends upon the ability of financial institutions, including us, to retain the confidence of depositors.

As a consequence of the 2008 global economic crisis, the banking industry in Argentina suffered a significant slowdown. This trend was reversed by the end of 2009. Total deposits with the financial system increased by 29% in 2012, 26% in 2013 and 30% in 2014 but the ratio of total financial system deposits to GDP is still low when compared to international levels and lower than the periods prior to the crisis. The average total deposits of the Argentine financial system represented 20% of GDP during 2014.

In spite of the increasing trend showed during previous years, the deposit base of the Argentine financial system, including ours, may be affected in the future by adverse economic, social and political events. If there were a loss of confidence upon these events and, therefore, depositors withdraw significant holdings from banks, there will be a substantial negative impact on the manner in which financial institutions, including us, conduct their business and on their ability to operate as financial intermediaries. International loss of confidence in the financial institutions may also affect sensibility of Argentine depositors.

The asset quality of financial institutions, including us, may be affected by the exposure to public sector debt.

Financial institutions have bonds of, and loans to, the Argentine federal and provincial governments as part of their portfolios. Exposure to public sector of the financial system has decreased year after year, from 48.9% in 2002 to 9.1% in 2014.

As of December 31, 2014, our exposure to the public sector, not including Lebacs (Letras del Banco Central) and Nobacs (Notas del Banco Central), totaled approximately Ps.3.5 billion, representing 4.7% of our total assets.

To some extent, the value of the assets held by Argentine banks, as well as their income generation capacity, is dependent on the Argentine public sector’s creditworthiness, which is in turn dependent on the government’s ability to promote sustainable long-term economic growth, generate tax revenues and control public spending.

Our asset quality and that of other financial institutions may deteriorate if the Argentine private sector is affected by economic events in Argentina or the international financial crisis.

The capacity of many Argentine private sector debtors to repay their loans has deteriorated as a result of certain economic events in Argentina or the international economic crisis, materially affecting the asset quality of financial institutions, including us. From the end of 2008, we had consistently established large allowances for loan losses to cover the risks inherent to our private sector loan portfolio.

From 2009 to 2011, the ratio of non-performing private sector lending showed a great decline, with a record minimum ratio of 1.4% as of December 31, 2011 for the financial system as a whole. Such improvements were reflected in both the consumer loan portfolio and the commercial portfolio. During 2012 and 2013, the ratio of non-performing private sector lending increased, standing at 1.7% as of December 31, 2012 and 2013. During 2014, the ratio of non-performing private sector lending increased to 2.0% for the financial system as a whole.

 

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Our credit portfolio quality ratio followed the financial system trend standing at 1.9% for our entire portfolio, as of December 31, 2014. During 2014 our coverage ratio reached 135.3%.

Despite of the good quality of our portfolio we may not succeed in recovering substantial portions of loans that were provisioned. If Argentina’s economic growth slows down and the financial condition of the private sector deteriorates, the financial system, including us, will experience an increase in the incidence of non-performing loans.

Class actions against financial entities for an indeterminate amount may adversely affect the profitability of the financial system.

Certain public and private organizations have initiated class actions against financial institutions in Argentina. The Argentine National Constitution and Law No. 24,240 (the “Consumer Protection Law”) contain certain provisions regarding class actions. However, their guidance with respect to procedural rules for instituting and trying class action cases is limited. Nonetheless, by means of an ad hoc doctrine construction, Argentine courts have admitted class actions in some cases, including various lawsuits against financial entities related to “collective interests” such as alleged overcharging on products, applied interest rates, advice in the sale of public securities, etc. If class action plaintiffs were to prevail against financial institutions, their success could have an adverse effect on the financial industry and on our business.

The application of the Consumer Protection Law may prevent or limit the collection of payments with respect to services rendered by us.

The Consumer Protection Law sets forth certain rules and principles designed to protect consumers, which include our customers. The Consumer Protection Law was amended on March 12, 2008 by Law No. 26,361 to expand its applicability and the penalties associated with violations thereof.

Additionally, Law No. 25,065 (as amended by Law No. 26,010 and Law No. 26,361, the “Credit Card Law”) also sets forth several mandatory regulations designed to protect credit card holders.

Both the involvement of the applicable administrative authorities at the federal, provincial and local levels, and the enforcement of the Consumer Protection Law and the Credit Card Law by the courts are increasing. This trend has increased general consumer protection levels. We cannot provide any assurance that judicial and administrative rulings based on the applicable regulation, or measures adopted by the enforcement authorities, will not increase the consumer protection given to debtors and other clients in the future, or that they will not favor the claims initiated by consumer groups or associations, and in such event, certain penalties and remedies could prevent or limit the collection of payments due from services and financing provided by banks engaged in such practices and materially adversely affect the financial condition and results of those entities.

Limitations on enforcement of creditors’ rights in Argentina may adversely affect financial institutions.

To protect debtors affected by the economic crisis, beginning in 2002, the Argentine government has adopted measures that temporarily suspended proceedings to enforce creditors’ rights, including mortgage foreclosures and bankruptcy petitions. Such limitations have restricted creditors’ ability to collect defaulted loans. Most of these measures have been rescinded. However, we cannot assure you that in an adverse economic environment the government will not adopt new measures in the future, restricting the ability of creditors to enforce their rights, which could have a material adverse effect on the financial system and our business.

Governmental measures and regulatory framework affecting financial entities could have a material adverse effect on the operations of financial entities.

The Argentine government has historically exercised significant influence over the economy. Financial institutions, in particular, have operated in a highly regulated environment. Between 2001 and 2014, a series of new regulations were issued, mainly regulating the foreign exchange market, capital and minimum cash requirements, lending activity, interest rate limits and dividend distribution for financial institutions. In this regard, in 2012 the Central Bank increased the capital requirements for financial institutions carrying out activities in Argentina, establishing a minimum capital level to mitigate operational risk. The Central Bank has stated that this requirement is based on the credit risk policies under Basel II.

Moreover, the Central Bank imposed new restrictions on the distribution of dividends, including a limitation on the maximum distributable amount of dividends which cannot exceed the excess in minimum regulatory capital, exclusively considering, to such end, a 75% incremental adjustment to the capital requirement; requiring that the capital remaining after the distribution of dividends must be sufficient to meet the regulatory capital requirement increased by 75%. This limitation prevented us from distributing dividends for fiscal years 2011 and 2012. In January 2015, Communication “A” 5694 of the Central Bank, established that those entities considered as domestic systemically important (D-SIB), like us, must take into account an extra minimum capital requirement equivalent to 1% of the total risk-weighted assets (RWA) which they must comply with using exclusively ordinary capital level 1 (Con1), according the schedule described in Item 4.B “Business—Argentine banking regulation—Liquidity and Solvency Requirements—Requirements Applicable to Dividend Distribution”. Pursuant to the Central Bank Communication “A” 5707, if dividends were to be distributed, this requirement becomes immediately effective. We have met the regulatory threshold for dividend distribution for fiscal year 2014 and we are currently awaiting Central Bank approval to pay dividends for that fiscal year.

Since January 2015, and pursuant to Central Bank Communication “A” 5707, financial entities must make an accounting entry of any administrative and/or disciplinary penalties and adverse criminal judgments held by courts, provisioning 100% of the respective penalty

 

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provided under each such action. Such provisions must be maintained until payment is made or a final judgment is passed. According to Central Bank Communication “A” 5707, if dividends were to be distributed, this provisioned amount must also be deducted from the distributable amount. In January 2015, according to such regulations, the Bank created provisions for administrative and/or disciplinary sanctions, which were applied or initiated by the Central Bank, UIF and CNV. Such provisions totaled Ps.11.4 million.

Since June 2012, the Central Bank has established a new regime to finance productive investment by which certain financial entities, including us, must allocate an amount equal to at least 5.0% of the monthly average of the daily balance of the deposits held with such entities by the non-financial private sector, at a fixed interest rate in Pesos determined by the Central Bank, to fund investment projects for the acquisition of capital goods; the construction of plants; the marketing of goods or the acquisition of property (subject in this case to certain additional requirements). The Central Bank extended the term of this ruling in December 2012, December 2013 and December 2014. In December 2014, the Central Bank increased the required monthly average of the daily balance of deposits held and assigned to such credit lines from 5.0% to 6.5%.

Furthermore, the Central Bank has set certain regulations granting broad protections to consumers of financial services that provide more control over the relationship between them and their customers. In 2014, the Central Bank established (i) a scheme of maximum active benchmark rates for consumer loans and secured loans, (ii) new mechanism of regulation by setting a minimum deposit rate for certain deposits of natural persons and (iii) that prior authorization will be required to implement new fees for new products and/or services offered and to increase existing fees, whether or not the products are considered basic.

In addition, in February 2014, the Central Bank established that the net global position in foreign currency of financial institutions cannot exceed the lesser of 30% of the RPC or the liquid funds of the institution and, in September 2014, such threshold was decreased to 20%. For more information, see Item 4.B “Argentine banking regulation”. As a result, financial entities, including us, sold part of their position in U.S. dollars to comply with such rule. We cannot assure that laws and regulations currently governing the economy or the financial sector will not continue to change in the future or that any changes will not adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Moreover, any insolvency proceeding against financial institutions would be subject to the powers of and intervention by the Central Bank, which may limit remedies otherwise available and extend the duration of the proceedings. Finally, special rules that govern subordinations of credits in case of financial institutions in Argentina, which give priority to depositors with respect to most other creditors, may negatively affect other shareholders in case of judicial liquidation or bankruptcy of the Bank.

Such and future changes in the regulatory framework could limit the ability of financial institutions, including us, to make long-term decisions, such as asset allocation decisions, that could cause uncertainty with respect to the future financial condition and results of operations. We cannot assure that laws and regulations currently governing the economy or the financial sector will not continue to change in the future or that any changes will not adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. For more information, see Item 4.B “Argentine banking regulation”.

Argentina’s insufficient or incorrect implementation of certain anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (“AML/CFT”) recommendations may result in difficulties to obtain international financing and attract direct foreign investments.

In October 2010, the Financial Action Task Force (“FATF”) issued a Mutual Evaluation Report (the “Mutual Report”) on Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism in Argentina, including the evaluation of Argentina as of the time of the on-site visit which took place in November 2009. This report stated that since the latest evaluation, finalized in June 2004, Argentina had not made adequate progress in addressing a number of deficiencies identified at the time, and the FATF has since placed Argentina on an enhanced monitoring process.

Moreover, in February 2011, Argentina, represented by the Minister of Justice, attended the FATF Plenary, in Paris, in order to present a preliminary action plan. FATF granted an extension to implement changes. In June, 2011 Argentina made a high-level political commitment to work with the FATF to address its strategic AML/CFT deficiencies. In compliance with recommendations made by the FATF on money laundering prevention, on June 1, 2011 the Congress enacted Law No. 26,683. Under this law, money laundering is now a crime per se, and self-laundering money is also considered a crime.

Additionally, in June 2012, the Plenary meeting of the FATF held in Rome highlighted the progress made by Argentina but also urged the country to make further progress regarding its AML/CFT deficiencies.

Notwithstanding the improvements that Argentina made, in October 2012 the FATF determined that certain strategic AML/CFT deficiencies continued, and that Argentina would be subject to continued monitoring.

Since October 2013, Argentina has taken steps towards improving its AML/CFT regime, including by issuing new regulations strengthening suspicious transaction reporting requirements and the financial sector regulator’s existing powers to apply sanctions for AML/CFT deficiencies. Such progress has been recognized by the FATF. In this regard, the FATF (pursuant to its report dated June 27, 2014) stated that Argentina had made significant progress in addressing the deficiencies in its AML/CFT measures as identified in the Mutual Report, and that subsequent to the adoption of such measures, Argentina had strengthened its legal and regulatory framework, including (i) reforming and strengthening money laundering penalties by enhancing the scope of reporting parties covered and transferring AML/CFT supervision to the Financial Intelligence Unit (the “UIF”); (ii) enhancing terrorist financing penalties, in particular by criminalizing the financing of terrorist acts, terrorists, and terrorist organizations; (iii) issuing, through the UIF, a series of resolutions concerning customer due diligence (CDD) and record-keeping requirements as well as other AML/CFT measures to be taken by reporting

 

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parties; and (iv) creating a framework to comply with United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1267 and 1373. As a result of such progress, the FATF Plenary decided that Argentina had taken sufficient steps in addressing technical compliance with the core and key recommendations to be removed from the monitoring process. In addition, on October 24, 2014 the FATF welcomed Argentina’s significant progress in improving its AML/CFT regime and noted that Argentina had established the legal and regulatory framework to meet its commitments in its action plan regarding the strategic deficiencies that the FATF had previously identified in June 2011 and stated that Argentina would no longer be subject to the FATF’s AML/CFT compliance monitoring process and that Argentina would work with the FATF and the Financial Action Task Force of Latin America (Grupo de Acción Financiera de América del Sur, or “GAFISUD”) as it continued to address the full range of AML/CFT issues identified in its Mutual Report.

Although Argentina has made significant improvements in its AML/CFT regulations, and is no longer subject to the FATF’s on-going global AML/CFT compliance process, no assurance can be given that Argentina will continue to comply with AML/CFT international standards, or that Argentina will not be subject to the FATF’s on-going global AML/CFT compliance process in the future, circumstances which could adversely affect Argentina’s ability to obtain financing from international markets and attract foreign investments.

Risks relating to us

Our target market may be the most adversely affected by economic recessions.

Our business strategy is to increase fee income and loan origination in our target market, low- and middle-income individuals and small- and medium-sized businesses.

This target market is particularly vulnerable to economic recessions and, in the event of such a recession, growth in our target market may slow and consequently adversely affect our business. The Argentine economy as a whole, and our target market in particular, have not stabilized enough for us to be certain that demand will continue to grow. Therefore, we cannot assure you that our business strategy will in fact be successful.

Our controlling shareholders have the ability to direct our business and their interests could conflict with yours.

As of March 31, 2015, our controlling shareholders directly or beneficially owned 10,551,332 Class A shares and 220,829,718 Class B shares in the aggregate. Although currently there is no formal agreement among them, together our controlling shareholders control virtually all decisions with respect to our company made by shareholders. They may, without the concurrence of the remaining shareholders, elect a majority of our directors, effect or prevent a merger, sale of assets or other business acquisition or disposition, cause us to issue additional equity securities, effect a related party transaction and determine the timing and amounts of dividends, if any. Their interests may conflict with your interests as a holder of Class B shares, ADSs or notes, and they may take actions that might be desirable to the controlling shareholders but not to other shareholders or holders of our notes.

We will continue to consider acquisition opportunities, which may not be successful.

We have historically expanded our business primarily through acquisitions. We will continue to consider attractive acquisition opportunities that we believe may offer additional value and are consistent with our business strategy. We cannot assure you, however, that we will be able to identify suitable acquisition candidates or that we will be able to acquire promising target financial institutions on favorable terms or that the Central Bank will approve any such transaction. Additionally, our ability to obtain the desired effects of any such acquisitions will depend in part on our ability to successfully complete the integration of those businesses. The integration of acquired businesses entails significant risks, including customer retention, integration and the liability assumption risks.

Increased competition in the banking industry may adversely affect our operations.

We expect that competition with respect to small- and medium-sized businesses is likely to increase. As a result, even if the demand for financial products and services from these markets continues to grow, competition may adversely affect our results of operations by decreasing the net margins we are able to generate.

Reduced spreads between interest rates received on loans and those paid on deposits without corresponding increases in lending volumes could adversely affect our profitability.

The spread for Argentina’s financial system between the interest rates on loans and deposits could be affected as a result of increased competition in the banking sector and the government’s tightening of monetary policy in response to inflation concerns.

Since 2009, the interest rate spreads throughout the financial system have increased. This increase was sustained by a steady demand for consumer loans in recent years. In 2013 and 2014, borrowing and lending rates increased significantly. However, the net interest margin of the financial system remained stable due to a substantial growth both in the loan and deposit portfolios.

In June 2014, the Central Bank established a scheme of maximum active benchmark rates for consumer loans and secured loans and additionally, in October 2014, established a new mechanism of regulation by setting a minimum deposit rate for certain deposits of natural persons. For more information, see Item 4.B “Argentine banking regulation”.

We cannot guarantee that interest rate spreads will remain unless increases in lending or additional cost-cutting takes place. A reversal of this trend could adversely affect our profitability.

 

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Our estimates and established reserves for credit risk and potential credit losses may prove to be inaccurate and/or insufficient, which may materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

A number of our products expose us to credit risk, including consumer loans, commercial loans and other receivables. Changes in the income levels of our borrowers, increases in the inflation rate or an increase in interest rates could have a negative effect on the quality of our loan portfolio, causing us to increase provisions for loan losses and resulting in reduced profits or in losses.

We estimate and establish reserves for credit risk and potential credit losses. This process involves subjective and complex judgments, including projections of economic conditions and assumptions on the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans. We may not be able to timely detect these risks before they occur, or due to limited resources or available tools, our employees may not be able to effectively implement our credit risk management system, which may increase our exposure to credit risk.

Overall, if we are unable to effectively control the level of non-performing or poor credit quality loans in the future, or if our loan loss reserves are insufficient to cover future loan losses, our financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

Changes in market conditions, and any risks associated therewith, could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We are directly and indirectly affected by changes in market conditions. Market risk, or the risk that values of assets and liabilities or revenues will be adversely affected by variation in market conditions, is inherent in the products and instruments associated with our operations, including loans, deposits, securities, bonds, long-term debt and short-term borrowings. Changes in market conditions that may affect our financial condition and results of operations include fluctuations in interest and currency exchange rates, securities prices, changes in the implied volatility of interest rates and foreign exchange rates, among others.

Cybersecurity events could negatively affect our reputation, our financial condition and our results of operations.

We depend on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of internet-based data processing, communication and information exchange platforms and networks, including those systems related to the operation of our ATM network. We have access to large amounts of confidential financial information and control substantial financial assets belonging to our customers as well as to us. In addition, we provide our customers with continuous remote access to their accounts and the possibility of transferring substantial financial assets by electronic means. Accordingly, cybersecurity is a material risk for us. Cybersecurity incidents, such as computer break-ins, phishing, identity theft and other disruptions could negatively affect the security of information stored in and transmitted through our computer systems and network infrastructure and may cause existing and potential customers to refrain from doing business with us.

In addition, contingency plans in place may not be sufficient to cover liabilities associated with any such events and, therefore, applicable insurance coverage may be deemed inadequate, preventing us from receiving full compensation for the losses sustained as a result of such a disruption.

Although we intend to continue to implement security technology devices and establish operational procedures to prevent such damage, we cannot assure you that all of our systems are entirely free from vulnerability and these security measures will be successful. If any of these events occur, it could damage our reputation, entail serious costs and affect our transactions, as well as our results of operations and financial condition.

If we should fail to comply with all applicable banking and securities laws and regulations or detect money laundering and other illegal or inappropriate activities in a comprehensive or timely manner, the business interests and reputation of the Bank may be harmed.

We must be in compliance with all applicable banking and securities laws and regulations. In recent years, the Argentine government and relevant governmental agencies have modified policies and mechanisms of control over financial activity, as well as the parameters surrounding monetary and disciplinary penalties that may affect our results of operations and reputation.

For example, on November 29, 2012, the Argentine Congress passed the “Capital Markets Law”, which modified the public offer regime set forth by Law No.17,811, as amended. One of the most significant amendments introduced by such law refers to the powers of the CNV. The incorporation of Section 20 raises concern in the market, especially among listed companies, since it entitles the CNV to (i) appoint supervisors with powers of veto on resolutions adopted by a company’s board of directors and (ii) disqualify a company’s board of directors for a period of 180 days when, as determined by the CNV, the interests of the minority shareholders and/or security holders are infringed. In addition, pursuant to section 51 of the Capital Markets Law, the CNV may suspend registered broker agents on a preventive basis, as ocurred during the first quarter of 2015 to several financial system entities, including with Banco Macro and our subsidiary Macro Securities. For more information see Item 8. “Legal Proceedings”.

In addition, anti-money laundering laws and regulations require, among other things, that we adopt and implement control policies and procedures which involve “know your customer” principles that comply with the applicable regulations and reporting suspicious or unusual transactions to the applicable regulatory authorities. While we have adopted policies and procedures intended to detect and prevent the use of our network for money laundering activities and by terrorists, terrorist organizations and other types of organizations, those policies and procedures may fail to fully eliminate the risk that we have been or are currently being used by other parties, without our knowledge, to engage in activities related to money laundering or other illegal activities.

 

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To the extent that we do not comply with banking and securities laws and regulations or we don’t detect illegal activities from an anti-money laundering or other standpoint, the relevant governmental agencies (including the Central Bank, the CNV and the UIF) are authorized and empowered to impose fines, suspensions and other penalties on the Bank.

We cannot assure you that relevant governmental agencies will not continue to impose penalties or that such penalties will not adversely affect our business, reputation, financial condition and results of operations.

Argentine corporate disclosure and governance requirements differ from those regulating highly-developed capital markets, such as the United States, and differences in the accounting standards applicable in Argentina and the United States may make it difficult to compare our financial statements and reported earnings with companies in other countries, such as the United States.

As a foreign private issuer, the Bank applies disclosure policies and requirements that differ from those governing U.S. domestic registrants. The securities laws of Argentina that govern publicly listed companies, such us, impose disclosure requirements that are more limited than those in the United States. In addition, publicly available corporate information about us in Argentina is different from and may be more difficult to obtain than the information available for registered public companies in certain countries with highly developed capital markets, such as the United States. See Item 16.G “Corporate Governance”.

Moreover, there are important differences between accounting and financial reporting standards applicable to financial institutions in Argentina and to those in the U.S. Except as otherwise described herein, we prepare our financial statements in accordance with Central Bank Rules, which differ in certain significant respects from U.S. GAAP and, to a certain extent, from Argentine GAAP. As a result, our financial statements and reported earnings are not directly comparable to those of banks in the United States. See Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects-U.S. GAAP and Central Bank Rules Reconciliation” for a description of the principal differences between Central Bank Rules and U.S. GAAP and how they affect our financial statements and note 35 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014 for a summary of significant differences between Central Bank Rules and U.S. GAAP.

On February 12, 2014, the Central Bank, through Communication “A” 5541, established the general guidelines towards conversion to the IFRS issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) for preparing financial statements of the entities under its supervision, for the annual fiscal years beginning on January 1, 2018, as well as those of interim-periods. The Bank is in the process of implementing such IFRS conversion process. See note 7 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

Risks relating to our Class B shares and the ADSs

Holders of our Class B shares and the ADSs may not receive any dividends.

In 2003, the Central Bank prohibited financial institutions from distributing dividends. In 2004, the Central Bank amended the restriction to require the Central Bank’s prior authorization for the distribution of dividends. We have consistently obtained authorization from the Central Bank to distribute dividends corresponding to fiscal years 2003 through 2010. Under new Central Bank Rules on distribution of dividends, the capital remaining after the distribution of dividends must be sufficient to meet the regulatory capital increased by 75%. See “Risks relating to the Argentine financial system—Governmental measures and regulatory framework affecting financial entities could have a material adverse effect on the operations of financial entities”. In January 2015, Communication “A” 5694 of the Central Bank, established that those entities considered as domestic systemically important (D-SIB), like us, must take into account an extra minimum capital requirement equivalent to 1% of the total risk-weighted assets (RWA) which they must comply with using exclusively ordinary capital level 1 (Con1), according the schedule described under section “Argentine banking regulation—Liquidity and Solvency Requirements—Requirements Applicable to Dividend Distribution”.

Since January 2015, Central Bank Communication “A” 5707 has required that financial entities must make an accounting entry of any administrative and/or disciplinary penalties and adverse criminal judgments held by courts, provisioning 100% of the respective penalty provided under each such action. Such provisions must be maintained until payment is made or a final judgment is passed. Pursuant to Central Bank Communication “A” 5707, if dividends were to be distributed, this provisioned amount must also be deducted from the distributable amount.

For fiscal years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, we were not able to distribute dividends because we did not reach the regulatory threshold for dividend distribution under Central Bank regulations. For fiscal years ended December 31, 2013 and 2014, we reached such regulatory threshold and, in compliance with current regulations, in March 2015 we requested approval from the Central Bank for the payment of dividends for fiscal year 2014. Authorization for such payment was pending as of the date of this annual report.

No assurance can be given that in the future we will be able to reach the regulatory threshold or that if so, the Central Bank will continue to grant us the authorization to distribute dividends by our shareholders at the annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting or that such authorization shall be for the full amount of distributable dividends.

Additional regulatory and contractual restrictions exist which could affect the distribution of earnings and are included in note 16 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

 

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Holders of our Class B shares and the ADSs located in the United States may not be able to exercise preemptive rights.

Under Argentine Corporate Law No. 19,550 (the “Argentine Corporate Law”), if we issue new shares as part of a capital increase, our shareholders may have the right to subscribe to a proportional number of shares to maintain their existing ownership percentage. Rights to subscribe for shares in these circumstances are known as preemptive rights. In addition, shareholders are entitled to the right to subscribe for the unsubscribed shares remaining at the end of a preemptive rights offering on a pro rata basis, known as accretion rights. Upon the occurrence of any future increase in our capital stock, United States holders of Class B shares or ADSs will not be able to exercise the preemptive and related accretion rights for such Class B shares or ADSs unless a registration statement under the Securities Act is effective with respect to such Class B shares or ADSs or an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act is available. We are not obligated to file a registration statement with respect to those Class B shares or ADSs. We cannot assure you that we will file such a registration statement or that an exemption from registration will be available. Unless those Class B shares or ADSs are registered or an exemption from registration applies, a U.S. holder of our Class B shares or ADSs may receive only the net proceeds from those preemptive rights and accretion rights if those rights can be sold by the depositary; if they cannot be sold, they will be allowed to lapse. Furthermore, the equity interest of holders of Class B shares or ADSs located in the United States may be diluted proportionately upon future capital increases.

Changes in the Argentine tax laws may adversely affect the results of our operations and the tax treatment of our Class B shares and/or ADSs.

On September 23, 2013, Law No. 26,893 amending the Income Tax Law was enacted. According to the amendments, the distribution of dividends is subject to income tax at a rate of 10.0%, unless they are distributed to Argentine corporate entities, and the sale, exchange or disposition of shares and other securities not traded in or listed on capital markets and securities exchanges is subject to income tax at a rate of 15.0% when the income is obtained by Argentine resident individuals or by foreign beneficiaries. These amendments were recently regulated by Decree 2334/2013. See “Taxation—Material Argentine tax considerations relating to our Class B shares and ADSs”. However, as of today, many aspects of both taxes currently remain unclear. Pursuant to certain announcements made by Argentine tax authorities, both new taxes would be subject to further regulation and interpretation, which may adversely affect the results of the Bank and our subsidiaries, as well as the tax treatment of our Class B shares and/or ADSs.

Non-Argentine companies that own our Class B shares directly and not as ADSs may not be able to exercise their rights as shareholders unless they are registered in Argentina.

Under Argentine law, foreign companies that own shares in an Argentine corporation incorporated within the City of Buenos Aires, are required to register with IGJ, in order to exercise certain shareholder rights, including voting rights. If you own Class B shares directly (rather than in the form of ADSs) and you are a non-Argentine company and you fail to register with IGJ, your ability to exercise your rights as a holder of our Class B shares may be limited.

You may not be able to sell your ADSs at the time or the price you desire because an active or liquid market may not develop.

Prior to March 24, 2006, there has not been a public market for the ADSs or, in the case of our Class B shares, a market outside of Argentina. We cannot assure you that any market for our Class B shares or for the ADSs will be available or liquid or the price at which the Class B shares or the ADSs may be sold in that market.

The relative volatility and illiquidity of the Argentine securities markets may substantially limit your ability to sell Class B shares underlying the ADSs at the price and time you desire.

Investing in securities that trade in emerging markets, such as Argentina, often involves greater risk than investing in securities of issuers in the United States, and such investments are generally considered to be more speculative in nature. The Argentine securities market is substantially smaller, less liquid, more concentrated and can be more volatile than major securities markets in the United States, and is not as highly regulated or supervised as some of these other markets. There is also significantly greater concentration in the Argentine securities market than in major securities markets in the United States. The ten largest companies in terms of market capitalization represented more than 90% of the aggregate market capitalization of the BCBA as of December 31, 2014. Accordingly, although you are entitled to withdraw the Class B shares underlying the ADSs from the depositary at any time, your ability to sell such shares at a price and time at which you wish to do so may be substantially limited. Furthermore, new capital controls imposed by the Central Bank could have the effect of further impairing the liquidity of the BCBA by making it unattractive for non-Argentines to buy shares in the secondary market in Argentina.

Our shareholders may be subject to liability for certain votes of their securities.

Our shareholders are not liable for our obligations. Instead, shareholders are generally liable only for the payment of the shares they subscribe. However, shareholders who have a conflict of interest with us and who do not abstain from voting may be held liable for damages to us, but only if the transaction would not have been approved without such shareholders’ votes. Furthermore, shareholders who willfully or negligently vote in favor of a resolution that is subsequently declared void by a court as contrary to Argentine Corporate Law or our bylaws may be held jointly and severally liable for damages to us or to other third parties, including other shareholders.

 

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Our Class B shares or the ADSs may have been characterized as stock in a “passive foreign investment company” in the past, or may be so characterized in the future, for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

The application of the “passive foreign investment company” rules to equity interests in banks such as us is unclear under current U.S. federal income tax law. While we do not believe that we are currently a passive foreign investment company, the test for determining our “passive foreign investment company” status is a factual one based upon a periodic evaluation of our assets and income and is unclear when applied to banking businesses such as our own. In addition, we may have been a PFIC in the past. It is therefore possible that our Class B shares or the ADSs could be characterized as stock in a “passive foreign investment company” for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which could have adverse tax consequences to U.S. holders (as defined in Item 10.E “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations”) in some circumstances. If we were classified as a passive foreign investment company in the past, U.S. holders of our Class B shares or the ADSs that held such Class B shares or ADSs at that time generally would be subject to special rules and adverse U.S. tax consequences with respect to certain distributions made by us and on any gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of our Class B shares or the ADSs. In addition, if we are treated as a passive foreign investment company in future tax years, U.S. holders of our Class B shares or the ADSs in such future periods may be subject to these same rules. In either case, U.S. holders might be subject to a greater U.S. tax liability than might otherwise apply and incur tax on amounts in advance of when U.S. federal income tax would otherwise be imposed. A U.S. holder of our Class B shares or the ADSs might be able to avoid these rules and consequences by making an election to mark such shares to market (although it is not clear if this election is available for the Class B shares). U.S. holders should carefully read Item 10.E “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations—Passive Foreign Investment Companies” and consult their tax advisors regarding the “passive foreign investment company” rules.

Risks relating to our notes

The notes are effectively subordinated to our secured creditors and our depositors.

Unless otherwise specified, the notes rank at least pari passu in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness, other than obligations preferred by statute or by operation of law, including, without limitation, tax and labor-related claims and our obligations to depositors.

In particular, under Financial Institutions Law, all of our existing and future depositors will have a general priority right over holders of notes issued under our medium-term note program. The Financial Institutions Law provides that in the event of judicial liquidation or insolvency, all depositors would have priority over all of our other creditors (including holders of notes), except certain labor creditors and secured creditors. Moreover, depositors would have priority over all other creditors, with the exception of certain labor creditors, to funds held by the Central Bank as reserves, any other funds at the time of any revocation of our banking license and proceeds from any mandatory transfer of our assets by the Central Bank.

We have issued and may also issue additional subordinated notes. In that case, in addition to the priority of certain other creditors described in the preceding paragraphs, subordinated notes will also rank at all times junior in right of payment to certain of our unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness.

Exchange controls and restrictions on transfers abroad may impair your ability to receive payments on the notes.

In 2001 and 2002, Argentina imposed exchange controls and transfer restrictions, substantially limiting the ability of companies to retain foreign currency or make payments abroad. Since then, these restrictions have been substantially eased, including those requiring the Central Bank’s prior authorization for the transfer of funds abroad in order to pay principal and interest on debt obligations. Furthermore, new regulations were issued in 2012 and 2013, which are still in place, pursuant to which certain foreign exchange transactions cannot be effected unless they are previously approved by Argentine tax authorities. Argentina may impose exchange controls and transfer restrictions in the future, among other things, in response to capital flight or a significant depreciation of the peso.

In such event, your ability to receive payments on the notes may be impaired.

We may redeem the notes prior to maturity.

The notes are redeemable at our option in the event of certain changes in Argentine taxes and, if so specified, the notes may also be redeemable at our option for any other reason. We may choose to redeem those notes at times when prevailing interest rates may be relatively low. Accordingly, an investor may not be able to reinvest the redemption proceeds in a comparable security at an effective interest rate as high as that of the notes.

As a financial institution, any bankruptcy proceeding against us would be subject to intervention by the Central Bank, which may limit remedies otherwise available and extend the duration of proceedings.

If we are unable to pay our debts as they come due, the Central Bank would typically intervene by appointing a reviewer, request us to file a reorganization plan, transfer certain of our assets and liabilities and possibly revoke our banking license and file a liquidation petition before a local court. Upon any such intervention, noteholders’ remedies may be restricted and the claims and interests of our depositors and other creditors may be prioritized over those of noteholders. As a result, the noteholders may realize substantially less on their claims than they would in a bankruptcy proceeding in Argentina, the United States or any other country.

Holders of notes may find it difficult to enforce civil liabilities against us or our directors, officers and controlling persons.

We are organized under the laws of Argentina and our principal place of business (domicilio social) is in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Most of our directors, officers and controlling persons reside outside the United States. In addition, all or a substantial portion of

 

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our assets and their assets are located outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for holders of notes to effect service of process within the United States on such persons or to enforce judgments against them, including any action based on civil liabilities under the U.S. federal securities laws. Based on the opinion of our Argentine counsel, there is doubt as to the enforceability against such persons in Argentina, whether in original actions or in actions to enforce judgments of U.S. courts, of liabilities based solely on the U.S. federal securities laws.

The ratings of the notes may be lowered or withdrawn depending on various factors, including the rating agency’s assessment of our financial strength and Argentine sovereign risk.

Independent credit rating agencies may assign credit ratings to the notes. The ratings of the notes reflect the relevant rating agency’s assessment of our ability to make timely payment of principal and interest on the notes. Moreover, the methods of assigning ratings used by Argentine rating agencies may differ in important aspects from those used by the rating agencies in the United States or other countries. The ratings of the notes are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold the notes, and the ratings do not comment on market prices or suitability for a particular investor. We cannot assure you that the ratings of the notes will remain for any given period of time or that the ratings will not be lowered or withdrawn. A downgrade in ratings will not be an event of default with respect to the notes. The assigned ratings may be raised or lowered depending, among other things, on the rating agency’s assessment of our financial strength as well as its assessment of Argentine sovereign risk generally, and any change to these may affect the market price or liquidity of the notes.

Risks relating to our 2036 Notes

Interest on the 2036 Notes may be limited to the extent we do not have sufficient Distributable Amounts.

No interest on the 2036 Notes will be due and payable in the event that the payment of such interest, together with any other payments or distributions (other than payments in respect of redemptions or repurchases) on or in respect of our parity obligations (including the notes) previously made or scheduled to be made during the distribution period in which such interest payment date falls, would exceed our distributable amounts for such distribution period. Interest payments on the notes are non-cumulative such that if an interest payment is not made in full as a result of the limitation described in the preceding sentence, such unpaid interest will not accrue or be due and payable at any time and, accordingly, holders of 2036 Notes will not have any claim thereon, whether or not interest is paid with respect to any other interest period.

The distributable amount available for payments of interest on the 2036 Notes on an interest payment date is based principally on our unappropriated retained earnings from the prior year. Subject to certain limited exceptions, Argentine law does not restrict our shareholders from approving the payment of dividends to themselves out of our unappropriated retained earnings, and the indenture relating to the notes does not restrict our ability to pay dividends unless interest on the notes has not been paid in full as scheduled. In addition, distributable amounts available for payment of interest on the 2036 Notes depends on the amount of payments or other distributions on or in respect of our parity obligations previously made or schedule to be made during the relevant distribution period. Although we do not currently have any parity obligations outstanding, the indenture relating to the notes will not restrict our ability to issue parity obligations in the future. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will have sufficient distributable amounts to make interest payments on the 2036 Notes.

We may be prevented by the Central Bank or Argentine banking regulations from making interest or other payments on or in respect of the 2036 Notes.

No interest on the 2036 Notes will be due and payable on an interest payment date in the event that we would be prevented from paying interest on the Notes on such interest payment date as a result of (X) a general prohibition by the Central Bank on paying interest or making other payments or distributions on or in respect of our parity obligations (including the notes) or (Y) as provided in Communications “A” 5485 of the Central Bank or any successor regulations thereto, if (a) we are subject to a liquidation procedure or the mandatory transfer of our assets by the Central Bank in accordance with Sections 34 or 35 bis of the Financial Institutions Law or successors thereto; (b) we are receiving financial assistance from the Central Bank (except liquidity assistance under the pesification rules pursuant to Decree No. 739/2003); (c) we are not in compliance with or have failed to comply on a timely basis with our reporting obligations to the Central Bank; (d) we are not in compliance with minimum capital requirements (both on an individual and consolidated basis) or with minimum cash reserves (on average); or (e) we are subject to significant penalties imposed by the UIF unless certain corrective actions have been implemented by the Superintendency or if a risk mitigation plan has been required.

As a result of the 2001 Argentine crisis, all banks were prohibited by the Central Bank from paying dividends in 2002 and 2003. As the economy recovered, the Central Bank eased the prohibition but still requires prior authorization for the distribution of dividends by banks. Although the prohibition is no longer in effect, we cannot assure you that, if confronted with a similar crisis, the Central Bank will not prevent banks from making interest payments on parity obligations, including the 2036 Notes.

The 2036 Notes are unsecured and subordinated and, in the event of our bankruptcy, the 2036 Notes will rank junior to our unsubordinated obligations and certain of our subordinated obligations.

The 2036 Notes constitute our unsecured and subordinated obligations. In the event of our bankruptcy, the 2036 Notes will rank junior to all claims of our unsubordinated creditors and certain of our subordinated creditors. By reason of the subordination of the notes, in the case of our bankruptcy, although the notes would become immediately due and payable at their principal amount together with accrued interest thereon, our assets would be available to pay such amounts only after all such creditors have been paid in full. We expect to incur from time to time additional obligations that rank senior to the notes, and the indenture relating to the notes does not prohibit or limit the incurrence of such obligations.

 

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Under Argentine law, our obligations under the 2036 Notes will also be subordinated to certain statutory preferences such as tax and labor-related claims and our obligations to depositors. In particular, under the Financial Institutions Law, all of our existing and future depositors will have a general priority right over holders of notes. The Financial Institutions Law provides that in the event of our bankruptcy or insolvency, all depositors would have priority over all of our other creditors (including holders of notes), except certain labor creditors and secured creditors. Moreover, depositors would have priority over all other creditors, with the exception of certain labor creditors, to funds held by the Central Bank as reserves, any other funds at the time of any revocation of our banking license and proceeds from any mandatory transfer of our assets by the Central Bank.

If we do not satisfy our obligations under the 2036 Notes, your remedies will be limited.

Payment of principal on the 2036 Notes may be accelerated only in certain events involving our bankruptcy. There is no right of acceleration in the case of a default in the performance of any of our covenants, including a default in the payment of principal, premium or interest.

The U.S. federal income tax treatment of the 2036 Notes is unclear.

Because of certain features of the 2036 Notes, the U.S. federal income tax treatment applicable to the 2036 Notes is uncertain. While we do not intend to treat the 2036 Notes as subject to the “contingent payment debt instrument” rules under U.S. federal income tax regulations, it is possible that the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) could assert such treatment. If this assertion were successful, U.S. holders (as defined in Item 10.E “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations”) generally would be required to include interest income on a constant yield basis at a rate that could differ from, and could at certain times be in excess of, the stated interest on the 2036 Notes. In addition, any gain on the sale of 2036 Notes derived by a U.S. holder would be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain.

It is also possible that the IRS could assert that the 2036 Notes should be treated as equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If this assertion were successful, U.S. holders could also be subject to adverse tax rules (including an interest charge on and ordinary income treatment of any gain derived with respect to the notes) if it were also determined that we are a “passive foreign investment company” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. While we do not believe that we are currently a passive foreign investment company, the test for determining “passive foreign investment company” status is a factual one based upon a periodic evaluation of our assets and income and is unclear when applied to banking businesses such as our own. Thus we cannot provide any assurance that we will not be determined to be a “passive foreign investment company” as of the issuance of the 2036 Notes or in any future period.

Certain definitions.

“Parity Obligations” means (i) all claims in respect of our obligations, or our guarantees of liabilities, that are eligible to be computed as part of our Tier 1 capital under Argentine banking regulations (without taking into account any limitation placed on the amount of such capital); and (ii) all claims in respect of any of our other obligations (including guarantees) that rank, or are expressed to rank, pari passu with the 2036 Notes.

“Distribution Period” means, with respect to an Interest Payment Date, the period from and including the date of our annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting immediately preceding such Interest Payment Date to but excluding the date of our annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting immediately following such Interest Payment Date.

“Distributable Amounts” for a Distribution Period means the aggregate amount, as set out in our audited financial statements for our fiscal year immediately preceding the beginning of such Distribution Period, prepared in accordance with Central Bank Rules and approved by our shareholders, of our unappropriated retained earnings minus: (i) required legal and statutory reserves; (ii) asset valuation adjustments as determined and notified by the Superintendency, whether or not agreed to by us, and the asset valuation adjustments indicated by our external auditor, in each case to the extent not recorded in such financial statements; and (iii) any amounts resulting from loan loss or other asset valuation allowances permitted by the Superintendency including adjustments arising from the failure to put into effect an agreed upon compliance plan. For the avoidance of doubt, the calculation of Distributable Amounts in respect of a particular Distribution Period shall be made prior to the appropriation or allocation of any amounts to any voluntary or contingent reserves and any dividends or distributions on any Junior Obligations or Parity Obligations during such Distribution Period.

Item 4. Information on the Bank

A. History and development of the Bank

Our legal and commercial name is Banco Macro S.A. We are a financial institution incorporated on November 21, 1966 as a sociedad anónima, a stock corporation, duly incorporated under the laws of Argentina for a 99-year period and registered on March 8, 1967 with the Public Registry of Commerce of the City of Bahía Blanca, in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina under No. 1154 of Book 2, Volume 75 of Estatutos. We subsequently changed our legal address to the City of Buenos Aires and registered it with the IGJ on October 8, 1996 under No. 9777 of Book 119, Volume A of Sociedades Anónimas.

Our principal executive offices are located at Sarmiento 447, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and our telephone number is (+ 54-11-5222-6500). We have appointed CT Corporation System as our agent for service of process in the United States, located at 111 Eight Avenue, New York, New York, 10011.

 

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Our history – Banco Macro S.A.

Banco Macro commenced operations as a non-banking financial institution in 1985, through the acquisition of Macro Compañía Financiera S.A. (created in 1977). In May 1988, it received the authorization to operate as a commercial bank and it was incorporated as Banco Macro S.A. Subsequently, as a result of the merger process with other entities, it adopted other names (among them, Banco Macro Bansud S.A.) and since August 2006, the name of “Banco Macro S.A.”

From then onwards and up to 1995, Banco Macro operated as a wholesale bank, being a pioneer in corporate bonds issuances. It mainly acted in the areas of money market, trading of government and corporate bonds and financial services for medium and big companies.

Since 1994, Banco Macro has substantially changed its business strategy, focusing on retail banking in market areas with a low level of banking transactions and high growth potential and the Bank has focused on the regional areas outside the City of Buenos Aires. Following this strategy, in 1996, we started to acquire entities as well as assets and liabilities resulting from the privatization of provincial and other banks, including Banco Misiones, Banco Salta and Banco Jujuy.

In 2001, 2004, 2006 and 2010, Banco Macro acquired control of Banco Bansud S.A., Nuevo Banco Suquía S.A., Nuevo Banco Bisel S.A. and Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A., respectively, expanding through these acquisitions its presence in the south and center of the country. Such entities merged with us on December 2003, October 2007, August 2009 and December 2013, respectively. In addition, during 2006, Banco Macro acquired control of Banco del Tucumán S.A.

The Bank currently offers traditional bank products and services to companies, including those operating in regional economies, as well as to individuals, thus reinforcing the Bank’s objective to be a multi-service bank.

In addition, Banco Macro performs certain transactions through its subsidiaries, including mainly Banco del Tucumán, Macro Bank Limited, Macro Securities S.A., Macro Fiducia S.A. and Macro Fondos S.G.F.C.I. S.A.

Our shares have been publicly listed on the BCBA since November 1994, and since March 24, 2006 on the NYSE.

Investment in property

In 2011 we acquired from the Government of the City of Buenos Aires a site located at Av. Eduardo Madero No. 1180, in the City of Buenos Aires, for an aggregate amount of Ps.110 million. The Bank has developed a project to build its new corporate offices on this site. Works were initiated in 2012 and are expected to be completed by 2017. As of December 31, 2014 the total aggregate amount invested in the project was Ps.292.7 million (approximately US$40.8 million at the applicable exchange rates as of the respective dates of such investments). The total cost of this project, is estimated at approximately US$160 million.

For more information, see Item 4.D “Property, plants and equipment”.

B. Business Overview

We are one of the leading banks in Argentina. With the most extensive private-sector branch network in the country, we provide standard banking products and services to a nationwide customer base. We distinguish ourselves from our competitors by our strong financial position and by our focus on low- and middle-income individuals and small- and medium-sized businesses, generally located outside of the City of Buenos Aires. We believe this strategy offers significant opportunity for continued growth in our banking business. According to the Central Bank, as of November 30, 2014, we were ranked first in terms of branches, second in terms of equity and third in terms of total loans and total deposits among private banks in Argentina.

As of December 31, 2014, on a consolidated basis, we had:

 

    Ps.74,995.6 million (US$8,769.4 million) in total assets;

 

    Ps.44,108.1 million (US$5,157.6 million) in loans to the non-financial private sector and foreign residents;

 

    Ps.54,716.6 million (US$6,398.1 million) in total deposits;

 

    approximately 3.0 million retail customer accounts and 0.1 million corporate customers; and

 

    approximately 1.2 million employee payroll accounts for private sector customers and provincial governments and 0.7 million retiree accounts.

Our consolidated net income for the year ended December 31, 2014 was Ps.3,479.5 million (US$406.9 million), representing a return on average equity of 33.4% and a return on average assets of 5.1%.

In general, given the relatively low level of banking intermediation in Argentina currently, there are limited products and services being offered. We are focusing on the overall growth of our loan portfolio by expanding our customer base and encouraging them to make use of our lending products. We have a holistic approach to our banking business; we do not manage the Bank by segments or divisions or by

 

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customer categories, by products and services, by regions, or by any other segmentation for the purpose of allocating resources and assessing profitability. We offer savings and checking accounts, credit and debit cards, consumer finance loans and other credit-related products and transactional services available to our individual customers and small- and medium-sized businesses through our branch network. We also offer Plan Sueldo payroll services, lending, corporate credit cards, mortgage finance, transaction processing and foreign exchange. In addition, our Plan Sueldo payroll processing services for private companies and the public sector give us a large and stable customer deposit base.

Our competitive strengths

We believe we are well positioned to benefit from opportunities created by the economic and business environment in Argentina. Our competitive strengths include the following:

 

    Strong financial position. As of December 31, 2014 we had excess capital of Ps.5,922.8 million (24.0% capitalization ratio). Our excess capital is aimed at supporting growth, and consequently, a higher leverage of our balance sheet.

 

    Consistent profitability. As of December 31, 2014, we had obtained profitability for the last 52 consecutive quarters, the only bank with such a track record in Argentina, with a return on average equity of 27.1%, 33.3% and 33.4% for 2012, 2013 and 2014 compared to 25.7%, 29.5% and 32.7% respectively, for the Argentine banking system as a whole.

 

    Our shareholders’ equity as of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 as calculated under Central Bank Rules, was Ps.6,199.1 million, Ps.8,627.4 million and Ps.11,491.8 million, respectively, and our shareholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP at December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 was Ps.5,928.1 million, Ps.8,402.5 million and Ps.11,418.5 million, respectively.

 

    Strong presence in fast-growing target customer market. We have achieved a leading position with low- and middle-income individuals and among small- and medium-sized businesses, generally located outside the City of Buenos Aires, which have been relatively underserved by the banking system. Based on our experience, this target market offers significant growth opportunities and a stable base of depositors.

 

    High exposure to export-led growth. Given the geographical location of the customers we target, we have acquired banks with a large number of branches outside of the City of Buenos Aires with the aim of completing our national coverage. The Bank´s focus is particularly on some export oriented provinces. Most of these provinces engage in economic activities primarily concentrated in areas such as agriculture, mining, cargo transportation, edible oils, ranching and tourism, which have benefited from the export-driven growth in the Argentine economy.

 

    Largest private-sector branch network in Argentina. With 434 branches, we have the most extensive branch network among private-sector banks in Argentina. We consider our branch network to be our key distribution channel for marketing our products and services to our entire customer base with a personalized approach. In line with our strategy, approximately 93% of these branches are located outside of the City of Buenos Aires.

 

    Loyal customer base. We believe that our customers are loyal to us due to our presence in traditionally underserved markets and our Plan Sueldo payroll services. We have benefited from Argentine regulations that require all employees to maintain Plan Sueldo accounts for the direct deposit of their wages. In addition, we emphasize face-to-face relationships with our customers and offer them personalized advice.

 

    Exclusive financial agent for four Argentine provinces. We perform financial agency services for the governments of the provinces of Salta, Jujuy, Misiones and Tucumán in northern Argentina. As a result, each provincial government’s bank accounts are held in our bank and we provide all their employees with Plan Sueldo accounts, giving us access to substantial low cost funding and a large number of loyal customers.

 

    Strong and experienced management team and committed shareholders. We are led by a committed group of shareholders who have transformed the Bank from a small wholesale bank to one of the strongest and largest banks in Argentina, with senior executive roles in our management and more than 30 years of experience in the banking industry.

Our strategy

Our competitive strengths position us to better participate in the future development of the Argentine financial system.

For the last three years, we have been operating in accordance with our sustainability policy based on five business-related strategic pillars that impact all our clients, establishing a short-, medium- and long-term sustainability strategy. Our strategic sustainability pillars are:

 

    Transparency in all our actions: in order to create a framework of trust and credibility for all our interest groups, in compliance with the main national and international transparency and management responsibility standards and best practices.

 

    Responsibility for the wellbeing and inclusion of people: aiming to improve the quality of life of individuals, we support the professional development of our staff and encourage diversity and inclusion.

 

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    Financial inclusion and education: encouraging the use of banking products and accessibility, focused on lower income sectors and the financial education of all communities.

 

    Development of small- and medium-sized companies (“PYMEs”) and enterprises: accompanying our clients in the development of their businesses, offering customized products services and providing knowledge, advice and the best customer service.

 

    Direct and indirect environmental impact: encouraging the protection of the environment and society, both internally and in our value chain.

Our goal is to promote the overall growth of the Bank by increasing our customer base, expanding our loan portfolio and generating more fee income from transactional services. We achieve this goal by managing the Bank on a holistic basis, focusing our growth strategy on the marketing and promotion of our standard banking products and services. We have pursued our growth strategy by acquiring banks throughout Argentina, which has enabled us to significantly expand our branch network and customer base. We have taken advantage of the opportunities presented by the Argentine financial system to move into new locations by acquiring banks or absorbing branches from banks liquidated by the Central Bank.

We intend to continue enhancing our position as a leading Argentine bank. The key elements of our strategy include:

 

    Focus on underserved markets with strong growth potential. We intend to continue focusing on both low- and middle-income individuals and small- and medium-sized businesses, most of which have traditionally been underserved by the Argentine banking system and are generally located outside the City of Buenos Aires, where competition is relatively weaker and where we have achieved a leading presence. We believe that these markets offer attractive opportunities given the low penetration of banking services and limited competition.

 

    Further expand our customer base. We intend to continue growing our customer base, which is essential to increasing interest and fee-based revenues. To attract new customers we intend to:

 

    Utilize our extensive branch network. We intend to utilize our extensive branch network, which we consider our key distribution channel, to market our products and services to our entire customer base. We utilize a personalized approach to attract new customers by providing convenient and personalized banking services close to their homes and facilities.

 

    Offer medium- and long-term credit. We intend to capitalize on the increased demand for long-term credit that we believe will accompany the expected economic growth in Argentina. We intend to use our strong liquidity and our capital base to offer a more readily available range of medium- and long-term credit products than our competitors.

 

    Focus on corporate banking customers, strengthening financing to the small business segment and expanding our market share in the agricultural and livestock industry and those export-related activities.

 

    Expand Plan Sueldo payroll services. We will continue to actively market our Plan Sueldo payroll services, emphasizing the benefits of our extensive network for companies with nationwide or regional needs.

 

    Offer personalized service and increase cross-selling. We offer our clients a menu of products and personalized, face-to-face advice to help them select the banking services that best correspond to their needs.

 

    Strengthen our market share in credit cards by increasing promotional activity and benefits for clients.

 

    Improve our clients’ satisfaction with the services provided as our main tool to increase loyalty, while consolidating the development of alternative service channels for convenience, simplicity and safety in operations.

 

    Further develop our branch management model, opening new branches and improving their operating efficiency.

 

    Extend existing corporate relationships to their distributors and suppliers. We have established relationships with major corporations in Argentina and will focus our marketing efforts on providing services to their distributors, suppliers, customers and employees, including providing working capital financing and Plan Sueldo payroll services.

Our products and services

We provide our customers with a combination of standard products and services that are designed to suit individual needs. We have two broad categories of customers: (i) retail customers, which include individuals and entrepreneurs and (ii) corporate customers, which include small, medium and large companies and major corporations. In addition, we provide services to four provincial governments. We offer a relatively narrow range of standard products, which are generally available to both our retail and corporate customers. We have a holistic approach to our banking business; we do not manage the Bank by segments or divisions or by customer categories, products and services, regions, or any other segmentation for the purpose of allocating resources or assessing profitability. Our strategy is to grow our business, as demand for credit in Argentina increases by focusing on cross-selling opportunities among our broad customer base. The following discussion of our business follows the broad customer categories of retail and corporate as a way to understand who our customers are and the products and services that we provide.

 

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Retail customers

Overview

Retail customers are individuals and entrepreneurs. We provide services to them throughout Argentina, in particular outside the City of Buenos Aires, which has higher concentrations of low- and middle-income individuals who are traditionally underserved by large private banks. We serve our retail customers through our extensive, nationwide branch network. Approximately 93% of our branches are located outside the City of Buenos Aires.

We offer our retail customers traditional banking products and services, such as savings and checking accounts, time deposits, credit and debit cards, consumer finance loans (including personal loans), mortgage loans, automobile loans, overdrafts, credit-related services, home and car insurance coverage, tax collection, utility payments, automatic teller machines (“ATMs”) and money transfers.

Our retail customers provide us with a key source of funding as well as a significant interest and fee income. We believe that our large retail customer client base provides us with an excellent opportunity to expand the volume of our lending business. For example, of our retail customers, only 26% currently have a personal loan from us and only 41% currently have a credit card, and we believe there is strong potential to increase these percentages.

Our efforts have been aimed at strengthening relationships with our customers by offering them the products that are best suited to their needs and circumstances, through our individualized, professional advice, which we believe is an important feature that distinguishes us in our target markets.

Our main goals for the retail bank are to keep the leading and competitive position of our personal loans portfolio, increase our market share in the credit cards business, using this product as a tool to strengthen relations with the various customer segments, improve credit quality ratios and promote a diversified time deposit portfolio and to generate a strong and stable fee base.

In this regard, and aiming to continue growing in the credit card market, we intensified efforts to increase consumption and total assets. In 2014, we also improved the use of our clients’ information as a tool to implement better cross selling, client retention and default prevention commercial actions.

In 2014, the market share of our consumer financing product lines remained stable, maintaining a sustained leading position, competitive position of our personal loan portfolio and significant growth of our credit card products.

Savings and checking accounts and time deposits

We generate fees from providing savings and checking account maintenance, account statements, check processing and other direct banking transactions, direct debits, fund transfers, payment orders and bank debit cards. In addition, our time deposits provide us with a strong and stable funding base.

During 2012, we continued fostering the diversified development of our funding sources and established a solid commission base. Our commercial and customer bonding actions enabled us to achieve growth in the deposit portfolio above market levels, mainly due to an increase in time deposits of retail customers (less than 1 million) which intensified funding diversification. In 2013, the portfolio showed significant growth of 33.5%, driven by a significant increase in demand deposits. In 2014, the deposit portfolio increased by 29% with an increase in demand deposits of 20% and time deposits of 35%. Our growth is mainly driven by funds from Plan Sueldo and retirement accounts.

In 2012 the government established that all payments made to pensioners by the ANSES must take place through financial institutions, which in our case resulted in the opening of over 200,000 accounts. Likewise, in 2013 the payment of governmental family credits into bank accounts was implemented, resulting in the opening of over 45,000 accounts and the issuance of the associated debit cards. In 2014 we recorded an increase of approximately 180,000 accounts.

Our “Debit Card” product is critical within the framework of our strategies to increase customer transactions by encouraging the use of accounts. Its secondary purpose is to develop account balances due to increased deposits into transactional accounts, thus expanding our demand deposits base. With respect to transactional accounts, the monetary volume of purchase transactions increased by 49%, 40% and 45% in 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively, while the number of debit card purchases increased by 31%, 27% and 15% in the same respective periods.

 

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The following table reflects the number of retail accounts as of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014:

 

    

Approximate number of retail accounts

(as of December 31, of each year)

 
Product    2012      2013      2014  

Savings

        

Total savings accounts

     2,125,687         2,231,442         2,340,533  

Plan Sueldo (private and public sector)

     1,116,131         1,138,655         1,209,496  

Retirees

     689,218         696,858         700,340  

Open market, professionals and business

     320,338         395,929         430,697  

Checking

        

Checking accounts

     424,086         538,407         610,184  

Electronic account access

        

Debit cards

     1,906,384         2,174,140         2,327,188   

Lending products and services

We offer personal loans, document discounts, (housing) mortgages, overdrafts, pledged loans and credit card loans to our retail customers.

We intend to continue to increase our retail lending by focusing our marketing efforts on underserved target markets such as low- and middle-income individuals and to cross-sell our retail lending products to our existing customers, particularly those who have savings and checking accounts with us because we provide payroll and pension services to their employers.

In 2012, the Bank increased its market share in consumer loans, consolidating the Bank´s leadership and competitiveness in the personal loans market. In this context and focused on our continuous growth in the credit card market, we have reinforced our actions aiming to increase credit card consumption and total assets. The credit quality of the portfolio remained strong, improving the balance of risk assumed and benefits obtained from this portfolio. The efficiency of our marketing efforts was improved by implementing new channels (external marketing agencies and sales force).

In 2013, our retail loan portfolio grew by 30% as compared to December 31, 2012, which allowed us to maintain our market share and leadership in consumer loans. During 2013 our growth in personal loans reached 28%. This growth was accompanied by a substantial increase in profitability, which allowed us to maintain our leading position with a market share of 14% in 2013. Growth during 2013 was closely related to direct and mass communication campaigns launched in mid-2012 through highly efficient and low-cost and innovative communication channels. Text, voice and multimedia messaging actions were added to those already implemented.

In addition, aiming to strengthen our relationship with our customers and generating automatic loan extension mechanisms, two new personal loan extension channels were added in 2013: “pronto cash on line” whereby customers can obtain a loan in seconds directly through Home Banking and “pronto cash telefónico”, which allows customers to call our toll-free number and obtain cash immediately, to the extent they are pre-qualified.

To continue growing in the credit card market, actions aiming to increase consumption and total assets were strengthened. An aggressive new accounts and client acquisition plan was developed, supplemented with direct marketing campaigns to promote consumption and use of credit cards by phone. We maintained our point-of-sale promotion strategy, offering discounts and interest free payment installments, resulting in increased additional card consumption and automatic debits on credit cards. As a result of our actions, the credit card portfolio grew by 41% in 2013 as compared to 2012, attaining a market share of 8% in 2013.

During 2014, our retail loan portfolio increased by 21%, as compared to 2013, maintaining the second position among other institutions in the financial system in terms of volume of personal loan and credit card portfolios.

Our growth in personal loans during 2014 reached 16%, which allowed us to maintain our leading position with a market share of 14% in 2014, achieved as a result of our continuing with the mass communication strategy started in 2013. In addition to the communication tools already used by the Bank, mainly based on mobile devices, we included the “pre-approved loan notice”, through an alert on the Bank’s homebanking page. With the aim of improving the service and streamlining the granting of loans, we developed internal campaigns to encourage lending through automatic channels.

Our credit card business grew significantly in 2014, with the portfolio balance increasing by 35% and the consumption increasing by 43% as compared to the values reported as of December 31, 2013. During the year, an aggressive telemarketing program was executed aiming to improve benchmarks, including product activation, increased consumption and higher limits. Efforts were made to improve efficiency and reduce service costs, resulting in a material increase in the number of accounts subscribing to our e-account statement service. During the year we observed a significant increase in the profitability of these products, due to the implementation of a strategy aimed at increasing fees and reducing funding costs while not affecting business volumes.

We are a major credit card issuer in Argentina, with approximately 2.5 million credit cards in circulation as of November 30, 2014. One of our initiatives to expand lending is to encourage low- and middle-income customers to use credit cards for larger purchases.

 

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As of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, our consumer loan portfolio was as follows:

 

    

Consumer loan portfolio

(as of December 31, of each year)

(in millions of Pesos and as percentage of retail loan portfolio)

 
     2012     2013     2014  

Overdrafts

     204.5         1.2     245.4         1.1     251.1         0.9

Documents

     312.5         1.8     371.3         1.7     443.7         1.6

Mortgage and pledged loans

     734.1         4.3     874.6         3.9     959.3         3.6

Credit card loans

     4,502.7         26.4     6,358.4         28.5     8,554.9         31.8

Personal loans

     10,993.4         64.5     14,109.7         63.2     16,401.5         61.0

Other

     310.3         1.8     355.5         1.6     289.7         1.1

Total

     17,057.5         100.0     22,314.9         100.0     26,900.2         100.0

As of December 31, 2014, personal loans, the most representative share of our portfolio, carried an annual average interest rate of 38.6% and an average maturity of 40.1 months. Interest rates and maturities vary across products.

Plan Sueldo payroll services

Since 2001, Argentine labor law has provided for the mandatory payment of wages through accounts opened by employers in the name of each employee at financial institutions within two kilometers of the workplace, in the case of urban areas, and ten kilometers of the workplace, in the case of rural areas. There are similar requirements in place for pension payments.

We handle payroll processing for private sector companies and the public sector, which require employers to maintain an account with us for the direct deposit of employee wages. Currently, we provide payroll services for the governments of the Argentine provinces of Misiones, Salta, Jujuy and Tucumán and in the private sector for a total aggregate of 1.9 million retail clients (including retirees). Our Plan Sueldo payroll services provide us with a large and diversified deposit base with significant cross-selling potential.

Corporate customers

Overview

We provide our corporate customers with traditional banking products and services such as deposits, lending (including overdraft facilities), check cashing advances and factoring, guaranteed loans and credit lines for financing foreign trade and cash management services. We also provide them trust, payroll and financial agency services, corporate credit cards and other specialty products.

The corporate business is focused on the classification by sizes and sectors. We have four categories for our corporate customers: small-sized companies, which register up to Ps.100 million in sales per year; medium-sized companies, which register more than Ps.100 million and less than Ps.150 million in sales per year; large-sized companies, which register more than Ps.150 million in sales per year; and agro companies, which include individuals and companies who operate in agriculture or in the commerce of agricultural products.

As in previous years, the Bank continued developing its decentralized segment-specific service strategy aimed at improving customer service. At present, the Bank has a network of branches with business officials specialized in each category, offering a wide range of products, including working capital facilities, investment projects, leasings and foreign trade transactions.

Our corporate customer base also acts as a source of demand for our excess liquidity through overnight and short-term loans to large-sized corporate customers. See Item 5.B “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - Liquidity and Capital Resources”.

Lending products and services

Most of our current lending activity consists of working capital loans to small- and medium-sized businesses. Our historic focus on small- and medium-sized businesses has enabled us to diversify our credit risk exposure, by granting smaller-sized loans to clients in diverse business sectors. As of December 31, 2014, our 20 largest private sector loans accounted for 9% of our total corporate loans.

We offer short-term and medium- to long-term corporate lending products.

Short-term: Products include credit lines for up to 180 days and consist mainly of overdraft facilities, corporate credit and debit cards and factoring, as well as foreign trade related financing, such as pre-export, post-shipment and import financing. These products also include contingency lines, such as short-term guarantees (performance guarantees and bid bonds) and import letters of credit. The credit risk assigned to these kinds of transactions is the debtor rating described below, unless increased as a result of a pledge or a guarantee.

Medium- to long-term: Products include credit lines and specific lending facilities of more than 180 days. Credits are usually asset-based, such as leasing, whereby a credit enhancement is achieved by means of the underlying asset.

Medium- to long-term facility risks are mitigated through different mechanisms that range from pledges and mortgages to structured deals through financial trusts whereby the debtor pledges the underlying asset, mostly future income flows. Regardless of the term and based on the fact that these credit lines are devoted to small to medium-sized companies, our policy is to require personal guarantees from the owners, although the underlying debtor rating remains unchanged.

 

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In 2012, our corporate loan portfolio recorded a 32% increase as compared to 2011, driven mainly by increases in pledged loans, document discounts and, to a lesser extent, overdrafts. Loans to agrocompanies and small-sized companies grew by 31% and 25%, respectively, in 2012 as compared to 2011, contributing to the increased diversification and stability of our corporate loan portfolio. In 2012, the credit portfolio for the small-sized companies increased mainly as a consequence of an increase in medium- and long-term loans. The Bank’s strategy was essential to reach more clients, offering them a wide range of products subject to a fast approval process. Medium- and large-sized companies’ portfolio increased 22% and 20%, respectively, as compared to 2011.

In 2012, we began providing financing through Credit Facilities for Productive Investments (Linea de Créditos para la Inversión Productiva) extending credit to certain of our clients in an aggregate amount of Ps.1.0 billion throughout the year.

In 2013, our corporate loan portfolio recorded a 19% increase compared to 2012. This development was driven by an increase in long term facilities, mainly pledge loans and mortgage loans. As in 2012, the contribution of the agribusiness and small- and medium-sized companies, which were once again the most dynamic, was critical in 2013. Loans to agrocompanies and small-sized companies, grew by 36% and 44%, respectively, in 2013 as compared to 2012. Medium- and large-sized companies’ loan portfolio increased 9% and 4%, respectively, as compared to 2012.

During 2013, we provided a total of Ps.2.5 billion in financing through our Credit Facilities for Productive Investments, an amount above the mandatory minimum amount required by Central Bank regulations, supporting the Bank’s commitment to finance productive activities. The total outstanding amount as of December 31, 2013 was Ps.3.0 billion.

In 2014, our corporate loan portfolio (without loans to large-sized companies) increased by 17%, driven by an increase in pledge loans, discounted checks, work progress certificates and credit cards. This increase was offset by a 28% decrease in the large-sized companies’ loan portfolio.

In respect of agribusiness banking, the weather in 2014 was not as harsh as in 2013, resulting in increased yields of traditional crops. In areas with higher productive potential, yields were in line with historical average values and in certain areas poor yields recorded in the two previous years were reversed. However, the general profitability of the sector is still affected by taxation and export controls, resulting in stagnation of business activity.

During 2014 we covered the financial needs of more than 15,000 agricultural producers, such as working capital financing, including approximately 1,000 investment projects totaling over Ps.578 million through the Credit Facilities for Productive Investments. Additionally, measures adopted in connection with Macro Agro Cards were especially important, resulting in a more effective activation of accounts and an increase in consumption volumes and portfolio balances of 51% and 62%, respectively, in 2014 mainly as a result of the new alliances. Loans to agribusiness companies grew by 14% in 2014 as compared to 2013.

In 2014, the loan portfolio for Pymes increased 22%, mainly due to the increase in discounted checks, pledged loans and other advances. Through our Credit Facilities for Productive Investments, the Bank funded venture projects for over 1,500 companies in an aggregate amount of Ps.935 million. In this regard, the Bank’s strategy was essential to reach more clients, offering them a wide range of products subject to a fast approval process.

In 2014, the medium-sized companies’ loan portfolio increased 14%, as compared to 2013.

During 2014 we provided Ps.3.6 billion in financing through our Credit Facilities for Productive Investments. As of December 31, 2014, the total amount outstanding was Ps.4.5 billion.

As of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, our commercial loan portfolio was as follows:

 

    

Commercial loan portfolio (1)

(as of December 31, of each year)

(in millions of Pesos and as percentage of corporate loan portfolio)

 
     2012     2013     2014  

Overdrafts

     4,266.0         28.4     4,371.6         24.7     3,261.9         18.1

Documents

     3,329.1         22.1     3,896.4         22.0     4,115.6         22.8

Mortgage and pledged loans

     1,758.6         11.7     2,957.7         16.7     3,483.6         19.3

Credit cards

     222.4         1.5     483.0         2.7     634.6         3.5

Personal loans

     13.3         0.1     16.4         0.1     14.2         0.1

Other

     5,442.8         36.2     5,988.8         33.8     6,516.2         36.2

Total

     15,032.2         100.0     17,713.9         100.0     18,026.1         100.0

 

(1) Including loans to micro credit institutions and commercial loans that for the consolidated statements of debtors was included as consumer portfolio following the criteria described in “-Argentine banking regulation – credit portfolio”.

Transaction services

We offer transaction services to our corporate customers, such as cash management, customer collections, payments to suppliers, payroll administration, foreign exchange transactions, foreign trade services, corporate credit cards, and information services, such as our Datanet and Interpymes services. There are usually no credit risks involved in these transactions, except for intra-day gapping (payments done against incoming collections), as well as settlement and pre-settlement related to foreign exchange transactions which, in general, are approved following the debtor rating process.

 

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Payments to suppliers. Our payments to suppliers service enable our customers to meet their payment obligations to their suppliers on a timely basis through a simple and efficient system. This service also provides payment liquidations, tax payment receipts, invoices and any other documents required by the payer.

Collection services. Our collection services include cash or check deposits at our 434 branches, automatic and direct debits from checking or savings accounts and the transportation of funds collected from corporate customers to our branches for deposit. Our extensive branch network enables us to offer fast and efficient collection services throughout Argentina, which is of critical importance to both regional and nationwide companies.

Datanet and Interpymes. We provide our corporate clients with access to the Datanet service, which is an electronic banking network linking member banks in Argentina. These services permit our clients to obtain reliable on-line information on a real-time basis from their bank accounts in Datanet as well as, to perform certain transactions.

Interpymes is an electronic banking system designed to meet the needs of small businesses. It does not require special installation procedures and is easily accessible through the Internet, helping to simplify day-to-day operations for our customers.

Tax collection and financial agency services. We also have exclusive, long-term arrangements to provide tax collection and financial agency services to four provinces.

Payroll services. We provide payroll services to four provinces and to the private sector. See “Our products and services – Retail customers”.

Our distribution network

As of December 31, 2014, we had the largest private sector branch network in the country, with 434 branches spread throughout Argentina. In particular, in line with our strategy of expanding nationally, we have extensive coverage in the provinces of Argentina with 93% of our branches located outside the City of Buenos Aires. Furthermore, as of December 31, 2014 we had 1,272 ATMs, 891 self-service terminals (“SSTs”), 68 service points used for social security benefit payments and servicing of checking and savings accounts and an internet banking service (home banking).

The following table breaks down the distribution of our branches per province as of December 31, 2014:

 

     As of December 31, 2014  
Province    Branches    % of total  

City of Buenos Aires

   32      7.4

Buenos Aires (Province)

   60      13.8

Catamarca

   1      0.2

Chaco

   1      0.2

Chubut

   5      1.1

Cordoba

   66      15.2

Corrientes

   3      0.7

Entre Rios

   10      2.3

Formosa

   0      0.0

Jujuy

   15      3.5

La Pampa

   2      0.5

La Rioja

   2      0.5

Mendoza

   15      3.5

Misiones

   33      7.6

Neuquen

   5      1.1

Rio Negro

   6      1.4

Salta

   30      6.9

San Juan

   1      0.2

San Luis

   1      0.2

Santa Cruz

   2      0.5

Santa Fe

   106      24.4

Santiago del Estero

   1      0.2

Tierra del Fuego

   2      0.5

Tucuman

   35      8.1

TOTAL

   434      100.0

Source:Central Bank

Technology and automated channels

The Bank’s technological development is continuous and the number of alternative methods to perform banking transactions is increasing. Automated channels allow our clients to perform banking transactions with enhanced speed, comfort and safety, offering a wide variety of available transactions.

During the last three years we have focused on automatic channels, giving customers more accessible and flexible services. As a result, the use of automated channels continued expanding, in terms of volume of transactions and number of users.

 

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New actions were implemented in 2014 to maintain high security, service quality and availability standards in our ATM network through preventive management and training strategies. This placed the Bank in a leading position as to service quality, which is especially important considering the number and geographical dispersion of ATMs installed by us. The transactions performed through the ATMs increased by 16% in 2012, 10% in 2013 and 15% in 2014, as compared with the previous year.

In addition, the Bank continued implementing technological improvements and updates to its ATMs. In 2014, the Bank installed 435 ATMs, of which 44% were replacements, 37% were new units and 19% were reinforcements. We have increased the number of access points in our branches, reaching a total of 1,272 operating ATMs, representing one of the widest reaching networks in the country. At present, 33% of ATMs have voice guidance for people who are blind or vision impaired and we expect to have this functionality available in all ATMs supporting the technology in 2015.

We have self-service terminals distributed in our branch network across the country, offering an ample variety of operations, including the possibility of making deposits 24x7 all year long.

In 2014, new SSTs were installed, totaling 891 SSTs and incorporating the smart check deposit functionality. This development has been beneficial both to the Bank (increased efficiency) and to clients (safety and reduced transaction times).

In respect of the use of home banking, we have implemented a collections service for companies, offering the following benefits: security (no cash or checks are transported to the branch), practicality (easy and safe, backup of receipts in a PDF file, possibility to review the history of payments and receipts), accessibility (from any PC) and no additional cost. The transactions performed through home banking increased by 17% in 2013 and continued to grow during 2014.

Our “Macro Banca Móvil” channel has developed significantly in the last three years. In 2014 the number of users increased from 50,000 to 90,000 and the number of total transactions and the amounts involved doubled.

In line with the characteristics of the users and the technological trends supporting the development of the service, the “Macro Banca Móvil” application is available in the main virtual stores.

The significant and sustained increase in the number of users and transactions performed by authomated channels evidences the effectiveness and level of acceptance of these services in the market. Our challenge for 2015 is to continue developing new client offerings like investment products, including mutual funds, and the purchase and sale of securities through automated channels.

In 2014, the Bank implemented various technological developments, including the following:

(i) Post sale customer relationship management (“CMR”), a process which allows us to record contacts made by our clients through various channels, such as call centers and through our branches, and monitor service requests;

(ii) Claim CMR, a process which allows us to efficiently resolve client claims improve data quality, reduce back-log and identify any issues;

(iii) Business unit modelling, a system that allows us to hold a register of the commercial capabilities of each of our branches, thus allowing us to ensure that our standards are met and identify deviations;

(iv) Interactive voice response, an update to our earlier system, which has allowed us to increase customer service and integrate online capabilities; and

(v) Server virtualization, a process which during 2015 will allow increase the capabilities and availability of our servers.

The total amount that we plan to invest in technology in 2015 is approximately US$50 million.

Risk management policies

To comply with the “Risk Management Guidelines for Financial Institutions” set forth under Communication “A” 5203, as amended, we have adopted various measures at our organizational structure level and have implemented procedures to ensure the establishment of an independent risk management process.

As to the Bank’s organizational structure, the board of directors has created a Risk Management Committee responsible for coordinating the application of risk management policies and the relevant responsible officers. For more information, see Item 6.C “Board Practices”. The Committee includes the heads of financial risk, credit risk and operational risk, who are in charge of implementing the guidelines contained in the risk management framework policy.

Our risk management framework policy establishes the environment for the risk management process under the notions of risk identification, measurement, monitoring and mitigation. In addition, it lays out the duties of each organizational level in the process.

Our risk management process includes the setting of acceptable risk levels by the board of directors, monitoring of the Bank’s compliance with such levels by responsible officers, the issuance of regular reports for the Risk Management Committee, the follow up on alerts and the application of action plans in connection with such alerts and the guidelines for the development of stress tests, which commenced in 2013 based on an action plan approved by the Risk Management Committee.

The development of the stress test program was established and planned. The process includes documenting and formalizing the program, including selecting the persons in charge of carrying out the program, the frequency of testing and validation of the system. It also contemplates the contingency plan based on test results. The Risk Management Committee leads and coordinates these tasks.

 

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Additionally, the system is supplemented with policies and procedures specific to each risk (financial, credit, operational, counterparty credit, country risk, securitization, reputational, compliance, strategic risks, among others).

Economic capital estimate

Economic capital is the estimated amount of unexpected losses identified for each one of the individual risks (financial, credit, counterparty credit, concentration, operational, securitization, strategic and reputational) determined for the Bank on a consolidated basis.

In January 2014, we implemented a formal procedure for quantitifying economic capital, both current and prospective, and it is a tool used in the day-to-day management of risks, in preparing the “business plan” and in the “stress tests”.

The methods used to measure the economic capital of each risk were documented and approved by management, pursuant to the internal rules on corporate governance and risk management.

The most significant risks managed by the Bank are financial risk, credit risk and operational risk.

Financial risk

Financial risk is understood to be comprised of liquidity, market and interest rate risks, which, independently or in an interrelated manner, can affect the Bank’s liquidity and solvency.

The Bank has strategies, policies and limits defined for each exposure which have been approved by the board of directors within the framework of market, liquidity and interest rate risk management. This process is reviewed periodically by the Risk Management Committee in accordance with the guidelines set forth by Central Bank.

The purpose of the financial risk policy is to ensure that the Risk Management Committee and senior management have the proper procedures, tools and information to enable them to measure, manage and control the applicable risks.

For more information on financial risk definition and management processes see note 18 “Risk management policies” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

Credit risk

Credit policy and credit risk management

Credit risk results from the possibility of loss derived from customers or counterparties from fully or partially breaching financial obligations they have undertaken with the Bank.

The Bank has counterparty and credit risk policies and strategies, the purpose of which is to ensure that risks fall within a risk tolerance level decided by the board of directors, which is responsible for approving our strategy, significant credit policies and practices and level of risk tolerance.

The Credit Risk Management Committee is responsible for establishing the policies and procedures for risk management and monitoring our senior management’s activities involving the management of credit risks, among others. It advises the board of directors on the Bank’s risks.

The Credit Risk Department is responsible for the implementation of policies and procedures for managing and monitoring our credit risk exposure, enabling us to a clear identification, evaluation, control, follow up and mitigation of such risk.

Procedure manuals and tools (information systems, rating and follow-up systems, risk models, and deliquency recovery policies) are used to manage risk efficiently based on the type of client. One of the credit risk management tools used involves evaluation or score models (for admission, behavior and collections), which are used at different stages of the credit cycle, assigning an internal risk rating to customers, according to which the assigned credit limits are managed and according to which the portfolio is monitored.

We are also developing models to use in relation to expected losses, forecasts and capital adequacy assessments, which are currently at different stages of progress and form part of our action plan to adjust to local regulations (Communications “A” 5394 and “A” 5398), the Basel principles and best practices for risk management In addition, we continuously monitor compliance with credit regulations of the Central Bank.

Credit risk rating and approval process

In order to determine the credit risk, our Credit Risk Department qualifies each individual or company by means of a risk rating model, assigning a rating to each debtor, taking into consideration quantitative as well as qualitative concepts. The Credit Risk Department has focused its actions on increasing the quality and efficiency of the credit risk rating process.

 

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There are specific policies and procedures for loan granting for Corporate and Retail customers, which differ according to the segment to which they belong.

Credit risk assessment for retail customers includes the use of risk applications based on screening and scoring methods related to an arrears level. There is also a mass-scale and centralized qualification process for clients and credit prequalification models for the assessment of potential customers from different sales campaigns.

Various credit committees, composed of members of the business and risk areas are responsible for reviewing and determining whether to approve certain loans, depending upon relevant market targeted and the amount involved. These include a senior credit committee, a junior credit committee, a credit committee by business, a credit committee by region and a small agribusiness committee. The senior credit committee consists of members of the board of directors and senior management and considers loan proposals in excess of Ps.25 million.

In Corporate Banking, approval by credit committees is required and specific risk reports are prepared by the customer or by the group of companies to support credit decisions. To streamline this process of approving pre-defined products and smaller amounts, there are decentralized assessment methods in place for agribusinesses, PYMEs and microprojects. There is an individual and joint powers system in place for managers and business officers which is applied exclusively to short-term transactions involving small amounts or which have self-liquidating collateral.

The Bank has a Management Information System according to the magnitude of its operations. Its components include an automated tool for the calculation of key performance indicators, for which alert and limit values have been determined in order to monitor business changes according to the risk appetite defined by the board of directors. Other credit risk management tools used are evaluation or score models, which are used at different stages of the credit cycle, attributing an internal risk rating to customers, according to which the assigned credit limits are managed and according to which the portfolio is monitored. Those tools are complemented with expected losses, forecast and capital adequacy assessment models, which are in different development and implementation stages, to adjust to local requirements (Communiqués “A” 5394 and “A” 5398), the Basel principles and best practices for risk management.

For more information on the credit risk management process see note 18 “Risk management policies” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

Operational risk

Operational risk, which we define pursuant to the Basel II Accord and Communication “A” 5398 of the Central Bank, consists of the risk of suffering losses due to inadequate or failed in the internal processes, systems or persons, or due to external events. This definition includes legal risk but excludes strategic and reputational risk.

The Bank has policies, procedures and structures, appointing a head of operational risk and an operational risk committee, whose main objective is to secure an operational risk management plan which includes policies, programs, measurements and competencies for identifying, assessing and managing risks, with the purpose of assisting area managers and the Bank’s board of directors, in an environment of rapidly changing and significant risks.

In this context, the Evolutionary Comprehensive Operational Risk Management Model was developed, which involves the identification, measurement, management and monitoring of operational risks. A training plan was designed to begin conveying the concepts inherent to Operational Risk and the cultural change that this generates, and an implementation plan of the model was put into practice to achieve full implementation of all of its stages.

A quantitative approach is used to measure operational risk and technological risk. In respect of risk management related to the IT and information systems, we have contingency and business continuity plans in place to minimize the risks that could affect the Bank’s continuity of operations.

We have an incentives system to manage operational risk in such a way that it would encourage involvement and risk assessment. The risk assessment policy has also been reinforced for new products and in modifications to existing products.

In addition, in 2014 we continued to implement improvements on different functions of our risk management system also continued.

For more information on operational risk management processes see note 18 “Risk management policies” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

Competition

We believe that we have an important advantage over our competitors in providing banking products and services to small communities in the provinces of Argentina as a result of the close community relationships and strong loyalty we have developed over time with our customers in these areas.

We consider Banco Santander Río S.A., Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires S.A., BBVA Banco Francés S.A., HSBC Bank Argentina S.A. and Banco Patagonia S.A. to be our main competitors among private banks. We also compete with regional banks.

 

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In the future, we expect competition to increase in corporate transactions products, long-term lending, mortgage lending and other secured financings, credit cards, personal loans, payroll services and investment management services.

Competitive landscape

We are ranked as the third private bank and the fifth bank overall in Argentina in terms of total loans and total deposits as of November 30, 2014. In terms of equity we are ranked as the second private bank and the third bank overall in Argentina as of November 30, 2014. Below are the rankings of banks across these metrics:

 

Total Loans

(As of November 30, 2014)

 

Ps.

Thousands

    Market Share
(% share of total private
sector loans for the
Argentine
financial system)
 
1  

BANCO DE LA NACION ARGENTINA(1)

    119,253,163        19.0
2  

BANCO DE LA PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES(1)

    54,275,942        8.7
3  

BANCO SANTANDER RIO S.A.

    52,525,416        8.4
4  

BANCO DE GALICIA Y BUENOS AIRES S.A.

    48,623,197        7.8
5  

BANCO MACRO S.A. (2)

    42,746,875        6.8
6  

BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A.

    39,348,977        6.3
7  

BANCO DE LA CIUDAD DE BUENOS AIRES(1)

    26,691,317        4.2
8  

HSBC BANK ARGENTINA S.A.

    25,719,370        4.1
9  

BANCO PATAGONIA S.A.

    21,808,668        3.5
10  

BANCO CREDICOOP COOPERATIVO LIMITADO

    19,772,612        3.1
 

OTHERS

    176,613,842        28.1
 

TOTAL

    627,379,379        100.0

Source: Central Bank

 

(1) Public sector banks.
(2) Figures from Banco Macro on a consolidated basis.

 

Total Deposits

(As of November 30, 2014)

 

Ps.

Thousands

   

Market Share
(% share of total
deposits for the
Argentine financial

system)

 
1  

BANCO DE LA NACION ARGENTINA(1)

    271,162,670        29.0
2  

BANCO DE LA PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES(1)

    87,495,992        9.3
3  

BANCO SANTANDER RIO S.A.

    63,974,820        6.8
4  

BANCO DE GALICIA Y BUENOS AIRES S.A.

    61,283,626        6.5
5  

BANCO MACRO S.A. (2)

    54,032,699        5.8
6  

BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A.

    49,311,998        5.3
7  

BANCO CREDICOOP COOPERATIVO LIMITADO

    36,482,249        3.9
8  

HSBC BANK ARGENTINA S.A.

    35,250,047        3.8
9  

BANCO DE LA CIUDAD DE BUENOS AIRES(1)

    34,795,457        3.7
10  

BANCO PATAGONIA S.A.

    27,910,976        3.0
 

OTHERS

    213,872,043        22.9
 

TOTAL

    935,572,577        100.0

Source: Central Bank

 

(1) Public sector banks.
(2) Figures from Banco Macro on a consolidated basis.

 

Equity

(As of November 30, 2014)

 

Ps.

Thousands

    Market Share
(% share of equity for the
Argentine financial
system)
 
1  

BANCO DE LA NACION ARGENTINA(1)

    38,502,921        23.4
2  

BANCO SANTANDER RIO S.A.

    11,660,323        7.1
3  

BANCO MACRO S.A.(2)

    11,288,589        6.9
4  

BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A.

    9,977,149        6.1
5  

BANCO DE GALICIA Y BUENOS AIRES S.A.

    9,509,374        5.8
6  

BANCO DE LA PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES(1)

    7,941,238        4.8
7  

HSBC BANK ARGENTINA S.A.

    6,584,269        4.0
8  

CITIBANK N.A.

    6,303,803        3.8
9  

BANCO PATAGONIA S.A.

    6,118,904        3.7
10  

BANCO DE LA CIUDAD DE BUENOS AIRES(1)

    5,517,813        3.3
 

OTHERS

    51,296,908        31.1
 

TOTAL

    164,701,291        100.0

Source: Central Bank

 

(1) Public sector banks.
(2) Figures from Banco Macro.

There is a large concentration of branches in the City and province of Buenos Aires in the financial system as a whole, as shown by the following table. However, we have the most extensive private-sector branch network in Argentina, and a leading regional presence holding 71% of our total branches in nine provinces including Santa Fe, Córdoba, Mendoza, Río Negro, and Tierra del Fuego, in addition to Misiones, Salta, Tucumán and Jujuy.

 

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     As of November 30, 2014  
     Banking system     Banco Macro (1)    

Market Share

(% share of

total of

branches in

each province)

 
Province    Branches      % of total     Branches      % of total        

City of Buenos Aires

     809         18.4     32         7.4     4.0

Buenos Aires (Province)

     1,346         30.6     60         13.9     4.5

Catamarca

     25         0.6     1         0.2     4.0

Chaco

     62         1.4     1         0.2     1.6

Chubut

     98         2.2     5         1.1     5.1

Cordoba

     441         10.0     66         15.2     15.0

Corrientes

     86         2.0     3         0.7     3.5

Entre Rios

     139         3.2     10         2.3     7.2

Formosa

     19         0.4     0         0.0     0.0

Jujuy

     32         0.7     15         3.5     46.9

La Pampa

     108         2.5     2         0.5     1.9

La Rioja

     27         0.6     2         0.5     7.4

Mendoza

     160         3.7     15         3.5     9.4

Misiones

     63         1.4     33         7.6     52.4

Neuquen

     96         2.2     5         1.1     5.2

Rio Negro

     72         1.7     6         1.4     8.3

Salta

     61         1.4     29         6.7     47.5

San Juan

     37         0.8     1         0.2     2.7

San Luis

     52         1.2     1         0.2     1.9

Santa Cruz

     46         1.0     2         0.5     4.3

Santa Fe

     459         10.5     106         24.5     23.1

Santiago del Estero

     53         1.2     1         0.2     1.9

Tierra del Fuego

     23         0.5     2         0.5     8.7

Tucuman

     81         1.8     35         8.1     43.2

TOTAL

     4,395         100.0     433         100.0     9.9

Source: Central Bank

 

(1) Includes branches of Banco Macro and Banco del Tucumán.

Approximately 82% of the branches in the Argentine financial system are located outside the City of Buenos Aires; in our case, approximately 93% of our branches are outside the City of Buenos Aires. The ten largest banks, in terms of branches, account for 70% of the total number of branches in the Argentine financial system. As of November 30, 2014 we were second to Banco de la Nación Argentina in terms of market share outside the City of Buenos Aires, with a market share of 11.2%. The following ranking is based on financial institutions with a relevant number of branches as of November 30, 2014:

 

    As of November 30, 2014  
Entity   Total
Number of
Branches
    Market
Share of
Branches in
Argentina
    Branches
in City of
Buenos
Aires
    Market
Share of
Branches in
City of
Buenos Aires
    Branches
in the Rest
of Country
    Market
Share of
Branches in
Rest of
Country
    % of
Branches in
the Rest of
Country
 

BANCO DE LA NACION ARGENTINA (1)

    632        14.4     64        7.9     568        15.8     89.9

BANCO MACRO S.A. (2)

    433        9.9     32        4.0     401        11.2     92.6

BANCO DE LA PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES (1)

    342        7.8     39        4.8     303        8.4     88.6

BANCO SANTANDER RIO S.A.

    352        8.0     99        12.2     253        7.1     71.9

BANCO DE GALICIA Y BUENOS AIRES S.A.

    320        7.3     94        11.6     226        6.3     70.6

BANCO CREDICOOP COOPERATIVO LIMITADO

    256        5.8     40        4.9     216        6.0     84.4

BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A.

    252        5.7     83        10.3     169        4.7     67.1

BANCO DE LA PROVINCIA DE CORDOBA S.A.(1)

    172        3.9     1        0.1     171        4.8     99.4

BANCO PATAGONIA S.A.

    174        4.0     43        5.3     131        3.7     75.3

HSBC BANK ARGENTINA S.A.

    139        3.2     46        5.7     93        2.6     66.9

OTHERS

    1,323        30.0     268        33.2     1,055        29.4     79.7

TOTAL

    4,395        100.0     809        100.0     3,586        100.0     81.6

Source: Central Bank

 

(1) Public sector bank.
(2) Includes branches of Banco Macro and Banco del Tucumán.

Argentine banking regulation

Overview

Founded in 1935, the Central Bank is the principal monetary and financial authority in Argentina. Its mission is to promote monetary and financial stability, employment and economic development with social equity.

It operates pursuant to its charter, which was amended on March 22, 2012 by Law No. 26,739 and the provisions of the Financial Institutions Law. Under the terms of its charter, the Central Bank must operate independently from the Argentine government.

 

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Since 1977, banking activities in Argentina have been regulated primarily by the Financial Institutions Law, which empowers the Central Bank to regulate the financial sector. The Central Bank regulates and supervises the Argentine banking system through the Superintendency. The Superintendency is responsible for enforcing Argentina’s banking laws, establishing accounting and financial reporting requirements for the banking sector, monitoring and regulating the lending practices of financial institutions and establishing rules for participation of financial institutions in the foreign exchange market and the issuance of bonds and other securities, among other functions.

The powers of the Central Bank include the authority to fix monetary base, interest rate, minimum capital, liquidity and solvency requirements, regulate credit, approve bank mergers, approve certain capital increases and transfers of stock, grant and revoke banking licenses, and to authorize the establishment of branches of foreign financial institutions in Argentina and the extension of financial assistance to financial institutions in cases of temporary liquidity or solvency problems.

The Central Bank establishes certain “technical ratios” that must be observed by financial entities, such as ratios related to levels of solvency, liquidity, the maximum credits that may be granted per customer and foreign exchange assets and liability positions.

In addition, financial entities need the authorization of the Central Bank for the disposition of their assets, such as opening or changing branches or ATMs, acquiring share interests in other financial or non-financial corporations and establishing liens over their assets, among others.

As supervisor of the financial system, the Central Bank requires financial institutions to submit information on a daily, monthly, quarterly, semi-annual and annual basis. These reports, which include balance sheets and income statements, information relating to reserve funds, use of deposits, classifications of portfolio quality (including details on principal debtors and any allowances for loan losses), compliance with capital requirements and any other relevant information, allow the Central Bank to monitor the business practices of financial entities. In order to confirm the accuracy of the information provided, the Central Bank is authorized to carry out inspections.

If the Central Bank’s rules are not complied with, various sanctions may be imposed by the Superintendency, depending on the level of infringement. These sanctions range from a notice of non-compliance to the imposition of fines or, in extreme cases, the revocation of the financial entity’s operating license. Additionally, non-compliance with certain rules may result in the compulsory filing of specific adequacy or restructuring plans with the Central Bank. These plans must be approved by the Central Bank in order to permit the financial institution to remain in business.

The Central Bank fulfills the function of lender of last resort, and is allowed to provide financial assistance to financial institutions with liquidity or solvency problems.

Central Bank supervision

Since September 1994, the Central Bank has supervised the Argentine financial entities on a consolidated basis. Such entities must file periodic consolidated financial statements that reflect the operations of head offices or headquarters as well as those of their branches in Argentina and abroad, and of their significant subsidiaries, whether domestic or foreign. Accordingly, requirements in relation to liquidity and solvency, minimum capital, risk concentration and loan loss provisions, among others, should be calculated on a consolidated basis.

Permitted activities and investments

The Financial Institutions Law governs any individuals and entities that perform habitual financial intermediation and, as such, are part of the financial system, including commercial banks, investment banks, mortgage banks, financial companies, savings and loan companies for residential purposes and credit unions. Except for commercial banks, which are authorized to conduct all financial activities and services that are specifically established by law or by regulations of the Central Bank, the activities that may be carried out by Argentine financial entities are set forth in the Financial Institutions Law and related Central Bank Rules. Commercial banks are allowed to perform any and all financial activities inasmuch as such activities are not forbidden by law. Some of the activities permitted for commercial banks include the ability to (i) receive deposits from the public in both local and foreign currency; (ii) underwrite, acquire, place or negotiate debt securities, including government securities, in both exchange and over-the-counter markets (subject to prior approval by the CNV, if applicable); (iii) grant and receive loans; (iv) guarantee customers’ debts; (v) conduct foreign currency exchange transactions; (vi) issue credit cards; (vii) act, subject to certain conditions, as brokers in real estate transactions; (viii) carry out commercial financing transactions; (ix) act as registrars of mortgage bonds; (x) participate in foreign exchange transactions; and (xi) act as fiduciary in financial trusts.

In addition, pursuant to the Financial Institutions Law and Central Bank Communication “A” 3086, as amended, commercial banks are authorized to operate commercial, industrial, agricultural and other types of companies that do not provide supplemental services to the banking services (as defined by applicable Central Bank Rules) to the extent that the commercial bank’s interest in such companies does not exceed 12.5% of its voting stock or 12.5% of its capital stock. Nonetheless, if the aforementioned limits were to be exceeded, the bank should (i) request Central Bank’s authorization; or (ii) give notice of such situation to the Central Bank, in certain circumstances. However, even when commercial banks’ interests do not reach such percentages, they are not allowed to operate such companies if (i) such interest allows them to control a majority of votes at a shareholders’ or board of directors’ meeting, or (ii) the Central Bank does not authorize the acquisition.

Furthermore, in respect of supplementary services, pursuant to Communication “A” 5700, commercial banks are authorized to operate in local or foreign companies that have one or two of the exclusive corporate purposes listed in section 2.2 of Communication “A” 5700, in

 

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which the commercial bank’s interest either exceeds 12.5% of such companies’ voting stock or allows the commercial bank to control a majority of votes at a shareholders’ or board of directors’ meeting. If the corporate purposes of such companies include two of the corporate purposes listed in section 2.2 of Communication “A” 5700, the authorization of the Central Bank is required.

Under Central Bank Rules, the total amount of the investments of a commercial bank in the capital stock of third parties, including interests in Argentine mutual investment funds, may not exceed 50% of such bank’s regulatory capital (Responsabilidad Patrimonial Computable, or “RPC”). In addition, the total amount of a commercial bank’s investments in the following: (i) unlisted stock, excluding interests in companies that provide services that are supplementary to the finance business and interests in state-owned companies that provide public services, (ii) listed stock and interests in mutual funds that do not give rise to minimum capital requirements on the basis of market risk, and (iii) listed stock that does not have a “largely publicly available market price,” taken as a whole, is limited to 15% of such bank’s RPC.

To this effect, a given stock’s market price is considered to be “largely publicly available” when daily quotations of significant transactions are available, and the sale of such stock held by the bank would not significantly affect the stock’s quotation.

Operations and activities that banks are not permitted to perform

The Financial Institutions Law prohibits commercial banks from: (a) creating liens on their assets without prior approval from the Central Bank, (b) accepting their own shares as security, (c) conducting transactions with their own directors or managers and with companies or persons related thereto under terms that are more favorable than those regularly offered in transactions with other clients, and (d) carrying out commercial, industrial, agricultural or other activities without prior approval of the Central Bank, except those considered financially related activities under Central Bank Rules. Notwithstanding the foregoing, banks may own shares in other financial institutions with the prior approval of the Central Bank, and may own shares or debt of public services companies, if necessary to obtain those services.

Liquidity and solvency requirements

As of 1994, the Central Bank supervision of financial institutions is carried out on a consolidated basis. Therefore, all of the documentation and information filed with the Central Bank, including financial statements, must show the operations of each entity’s headquarters and all of its branches (in Argentina and abroad), the operations of significant subsidiaries and, as the case may be, of other companies in which such entity holds stock. Accordingly, all requirements relating to liquidity, minimum capital, risk concentration and bad debts’ reserves, among others, are calculated on a consolidated basis.

Legal reserve

According to Section 33 of the Financial Institutions Law, financial institutions are required to maintain a legal reserve which shall be funded with no more than 20% and no less than 10% of their yearly income. This reserve can only be used during periods in which a financial institution has incurred losses and has exhausted all other reserves. If a financial institution does not comply with the required legal reserve, it is not allowed to pay dividends to its shareholders.

Non-liquid assets

Since February 2004, non-liquid assets (computed on the basis of their closing balance at the end of each month, and net of those assets that are deducted to compute the regulatory capital, such as equity investments in financial institutions and goodwill) plus the financings granted to a financial institution’s related parties (computed on the basis of the highest balance during each month for each customer) cannot exceed 100% of the Argentine regulatory capital of the financial institution, except for certain particular cases in which it may exceed such limitation, although it shall not exceed 150% of the financial institution’s RPC of the relevant financial institution.

Non-liquid assets consist of miscellaneous receivables, bank property and equipment, miscellaneous assets, assets securing obligations, except for swap, futures and derivative transactions, certain intangible assets and equity investments in unlisted companies or listed shares, if the holding exceeds 2.5% of the issuing company’s equity.

Non-compliance with the ratio produces an increase in the minimum capital requirements equal to 100% of the excess on the ratio.

Minimum capital requirements

The Central Bank requires that financial institutions maintain minimum capital amounts measured as of each month’s closing. The minimum capital is defined as the greater of (i) the basic minimum capital requirement, which is explained below, or (ii) the sum of the credit risk, market risk and operational risk. Financial institutions (including their domestic Argentine and international branches) must comply with the minimum capital requirements on an individual and a consolidated basis.

Minimum capital requirements of commercial banks acting as custodians of securities representing investments of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad del Sistema Integrado Previsional Argentino and/or as registrar of mortgage securities must comply with an extra 0.25% of the value of securities in custody and/or mortgage securities and must be invested in Argentine public bonds or monetary regulation instruments.

The capital composition to be considered in order to determine the compliance with minimum capital requirements is the financial institution’s RPC (Communication “A” 5580).

 

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In addition, pursuant to Communication “A” 5694 of the Central Bank, those entities considered as domestic systemically important (D-SIB), must consider an extra minimum capital requirement, equivalent to 1% of the total risk-weighted assets (RWA), which they must comply with using exclusively ordinary capital level 1 (Con1), as described below, according to the following schedule (currently, RWA arises from multiplying by 12.5 the minimum capital requirements):

 

     January/March      April/June      July/September      October/December  

2016

     0.075         0.15         0.225         0.30   

2017

     0.375         0.45         0.525         0.60   

2018

     0.675         0.75         0.825         0.90   

From January 2019

           1      

Basic minimum capital

The basic minimum capital requirement varies depending on the type of financial institution and the jurisdiction in which the financial institution’s headquarter is registered, with Ps.26 million for banks under category I and II (Ps.12 million for other financial entities under this category), and Ps.15 million for banks under category III to VI (Ps.8 million for other financial entities under this category).

 

Category

 

Banks

 

Other financial entities

(except Credit Unions)

I and II

  26 millions   12 millions

III to VI

  15 millions   8 millions

Additionally, financial entities located in ports and airports must comply with category I requirements and those entities engaged in foreign trade transactions must comply with the requirements applicable to banks under said category.

On the other hand, the regulatory capital of commercial banks acting as custodians of securities representing investments of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad del Sistema Integrado Previsional Argentino must be equal to or exceed the higher of Ps.400 million or an amount equivalent to 1% of the total book value of the securities in custody.

Regulatory Capital of Financial Institution: Level 1 and Level 2 capital regulations

Argentine financial institutions must comply with guidelines similar to those adopted by the Basel Committee on Banking Regulations and Supervisory Practices, as amended in 1995 (the “Basel Rules”). In certain respects, however, Argentine banking regulations require higher ratios than those set forth under the Basel Rules.

The Central Bank takes into consideration the RPC in order to determine compliance with capital requirements. Pursuant to Communication “A” 5580 issued by the Central Bank on May 7, 2015, the RPC consists of Level 1 capital (Basic Net Worth-NWb) and Level 2 capital (Complementary Net Worth-NWc).

 

    RPC = NWb + NWc  

Basic Net Worth (NWb): Level 1 capital

Level 1 capital consists of (i) ordinary capital level 1 (COn1), (ii) deductible concepts from ordinary capital level 1 (CDCOn1), (iii) additional capital level 1 (CAn1), (iv) deductible items from additional capital level 1 (CDCAn1):

 

NWb = COn1 – CDCOn1 + CAn1 – CDCAn1

Ordinary capital level 1 includes the following net worth items: (i) capital stock (excluding preferred stock), (ii) non-capitalized capital contributions (excluding share premium), (iii) adjustments to shareholders’ equity, (iv) earnings reserves (excluding the special reserve for debt instruments), (v) unappropriated retained earnings, (vi) other results either positive or negative, in the following terms:

 

    with respect to results at prior fiscal years, 100% of net earnings or losses recorded until the last quarterly financial statements with limited review report, corresponding to the last closed fiscal year and in respect of which the auditor has not issued the audit report;

 

    100% of net earnings or losses for the current year as of the date of the most recent audited quarterly financial statement;

 

    50% of profits or 100% of losses for the most recent audited quarterly or annual financial statements; and

 

    100% of losses not shown in the financial statements, arising from quantification of any facts and circumstances reported by the auditor;

(vii) share premiums of the instruments included in COn1, and, in consolidation cases, (viii) minority shareholdings (common shares issued by subsidiaries subject to consolidated supervision and belonging to third parties, if certain criteria are met).

In order for the shares to fall under COn1, at the time of issuance, the financial entity must not generate any expectation that such shares will be re-acquired, rescued or amortized, and the contractual terms must not contain any clause that might generate such an expectation.

The above-mentioned items will be considered without certain deductions pursuant to subsection 8.4.1. and 8.4.2 (as applicable) of the Central Bank Communication “A” 5580.

 

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Deductible Items

Items deductible from COn1 include, among others: (a) positive balances resulting from the application of income tax withholdings above 10% of the previous months of NWb; (b) deposits maintained in a corresponding account with a foreign financial institutions that are not rated as “investment grade,” (c) debt securities not held by the relevant financial institutions, except in the case of securities registered by or in custody of the Central Bank (CRYL), Caja de Valores S.A., Clearstream, Euroclear, Depository Trust Company or Deutsche Bank, New York, (d) securities issued by foreign governments whose credit rating is at least ‘investment grade’ according to Communication “A” 5671; (e) subordinated debt instruments issued by other financial institutions; (f) certain credits related to the application of tax deferrals; (g) shareholders; (h) real property added to the assets of the financial entity and with respect to which the title deed is not duly recorded at the pertinent Argentine real property registry, except where such assets shall have been acquired in a court-ordered auction sale; (i) goodwill; (j) organization and development costs; (k) items pending allocation, debtor balances and other; (l) certain assets, as required by the Superintendency resulting from differences between carry amount and the fair value of assets or actions taken to distort or disguise the true nature or scope of operations; (m) any deficiency relating to the minimum loan loss provisions required by the Superintendency; (n) equity interests in companies that have the following activities: (i) financial assistance through leasing or factoring agreements, (ii) transitory equity acquisitions in other companies in order to further their development to the extent the ultimate purpose is selling such interest after development is accomplished and (iii) the issuance of credit or debit cards as provided by Communication “A” 5700; (o) excess in the granting of asset-backed guaranties, according to Central Bank’s regulations; (p) the highest balance of that month’s financial assistance to the public sector, when certain conditions are met; (q) earnings from sales related to securitizations under certain circumstances; r) gains and losses related to derivate transactions due to changes in the credit risk of the financial institution; (s) losses from derivatives under certain circumstances and (t) equity interests in other Argentine or foreign financial institutions subject to a consolidated supervision.

CAn1 includes certain debt instruments of financial entities which are not included under COn1 and meet the regulatory criteria established in section 8.3.2 of Communication “A” 5580 (as amended and supplemented), and share premiums resulting from instruments included in CAn1. Furthermore, in consolidation cases, it includes instruments issued by subsidiaries subject to a consolidated supervision and belonging to third parties, pursuant to applicable regulatory requirements.

Moreover, debt instruments included under CAn1 must comply with the following requirements:

 

    Must be totally subscribed and paid in full.

 

    Subordinated to depositors, unsecured creditors and to the subordinated debt of the financial entity. The instruments must contemplate that in case of the entity’s bankruptcy and once all debts with all the other creditors are satisfied, its creditors shall have priority in the distributions of funds only and exclusively with respect to the shareholders (irrespectively of their class), with the express waiver of any general or special privilege.

 

    Not insured or guaranteed by the issuer or a related entity, and with no agreement improving, either legally or economically, the payment priority in case of the entity’s bankruptcy.

 

    They shall not contemplate any type of capital payment, except in case of liquidation of the financial entity. Provisions gradually increasing remuneration or other incentives for anticipated amortization are not allowed.

 

    After 5 years as from the issuance date, the financial entity can buy back the debt instruments if: (i) it has the previous authorization of the Superintendency, (b) the entity does not create any expectations regarding the exercise of the purchase option, and (c) the debt instrument is replaced by an RPC of equal or greater value sustained by its revenue capacity, or if it is demonstrated that once the purchase option is exercised its RPC significantly exceeds at least by 20% of the minimum capital requirements.

 

    Any capital repayment requires previous authorization from the Superintendency. In this sense, the financial entity must not create any market expectations regarding the granting of such authorization.

 

    The financial entity can pay dividends/interest coupon at any time. The included dividends/interest coupon shall not have periodic adjustments because of the financial entity’s credit risk.

 

    They should not have been bought by the financial entity or any other entity over which the financial entity has control or significant influence.

 

    They should not have been bought with direct or indirect financing from the financial entity and they shall not contain elements that make re-capitalization difficult.

Instruments considered as liabilities must absorb losses once a pre-established triggering event takes place. The instruments must do so through their conversion in common shares and a mechanism assigning losses to the instrument.

The regulatory provisions regarding the RPC issued by Communication “A” 5369 became effective on February 1, 2013. Pursuant to such communication, capital instruments that do not comply with the new regulatory requirements (including our 2036 Notes) will be excluded from the RPC’s calculations as of the aforementioned date. Thus, as long as those instruments maintain the same conditions that previously allowed them to be included in the RPC’s determination, the value to be computed shall be the accounting values of the instruments at the end of each month, using the methodology applied at that time. Its recognition as RPC will be limited to 90% to the value so obtain, and it will be reduced by 10% every twelve months.

 

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Complementary Net Worth (NWc): Level 2 capital

Level 2 capital includes (i) certain debt instruments of financial entities which are not included in Level 1 capital, and meet the regulatory criteria established in section 8.3.3 of Communication “A” 5580 (as amended and supplemented), (ii) share premium from instruments included in Level 2 capital, and (iii) loan loss provisions on the loan portfolio of debtors classified as being in a “normal situation” pursuant to Central Bank Rules on debtor classification and of financing with preferred security “A” not exceeding 1.25% of the assets measured for credit risk. Additionally, in consolidation cases, it includes (iv) debt instruments issued by subsidiaries subject to a consolidated supervision and belonging to third parties, if they meet the criteria in order to be included under complementary net worth.

The above-mentioned items will be considered minus deductible items pursuant to section 8.4.2. of Communication “A” 5580 (as amended and supplemented) issued by the Central Bank, which will be described hereunder.

Moreover, debt instruments included under NWc must comply with the following requirements:

 

    Must be totally subscribed and paid in full.

 

    Subordinated to depositors, unsecured creditors and to the subordinated debt of the financial entity.

 

    Not insured or guaranteed by the issuer or a related entity, and with no agreement improving either legally or economically the payment priority in case of the entity’s bankruptcy.

 

    Maturity: (i) original maturity date within no less than 5 years, (ii) clauses considering gradually increasing remuneration or other incentives for anticipated amortization are not allowed, and (iii) from the beginning of the last five years of life of the indebtedness, the computable amount will be diminished by 20% of its nominal issuance value. After 5 years as from the issuance date, the financial entity can buy back the debt instruments with the previous authorization of the Superintendency, and if the entity does not create any expectations regarding the exercise of the purchase option. The debt instrument must be replaced by an RPC of equal or greater value sustained by its revenue capacity, or if it is demonstrated that once the purchase option is exercised its RPC significantly exceeds at least in a 20% of the minimum capital requirements.

 

    The investor shall not be entitled to accelerate the repayment of future projected payments, except in the case of bankruptcy or liquidation.

 

    They cannot incorporate dividends/coupon with periodic adjustments linked to the financial entity’s credit risk.

 

    They should not have been bought by the financial entity or any other entity over which the financial entity has control or significant influence.

 

    They should not have been bought with direct or indirect financing from the financial entity.

Additionally, instruments included in Level 2 capital and CAn1, shall present the following conditions in order to assure their loss-absorbency capacity:

 

  a) Their terms and conditions must include a provision pursuant to which the instruments must absorb losses – either through a release on debt or its conversion into ordinary capital- once a triggering event has occurred, as described hereunder.

 

  b) If the holders receive compensation for the debt release performed, it should be carried out immediately and only with common shares, pursuant to applicable regulations.

 

  c) The financial entity must have been granted the authorization required for the immediate issuance of the corresponding common shares in case a triggering event, as described hereunder, takes place.

 

  d) Triggering events of regulatory provisions described in item (a) are: (i) solvency or liquidity of the financial entity is threatened and the Central Banks rejects the regularization plan submitted or revokes its authorization to function or authorizes restructuring protecting depositors (whatever happens first) or (ii) the decision to capitalize the financial entity with public funds.

Further criteria regarding the eligibility of items included in the RPC calculation are pursuant to the regulatory requirements of minority shareholdings and other computable instruments issued by subsidiaries, and are subject to consolidated supervision by third parties. A minority shareholding may be included in COn1 of the financial entity if the original instrument complies with the requirements established for its qualification as common shares regarding the RPC.

Deductible items applied to the different capital levels:

 

    Investments in computable instruments under the financial entity’s RPC are not subject to consolidated supervision when the entity owns up to 10% of the issuer’s ordinary capital according to the following criteria: (i) investments include direct, indirect or synthetic interests; (ii) investments include the acquired net position; (iii) securities issued are placed within 5 business days. When those participations in other financial entity’s capital (individually representing less than 10% of each issuer’s COn1) exceeds 10% of the COn1 of the financial entity, net of deductions, the amount above said 10% must be deducted from each one of the capital levels according to the following methodology:

 

    Amount to be deducted from COn1: the amount exceeding the 10% multiplied by the proportion of the holdings of COn1 over the total capital interests.

 

    Amount to be deducted from CAn1: the amount exceeding the 10% multiplied by the proportion of the holdings of CAn1 over the total capital interests.

 

    Amount to be deducted from NWc: the amount exceeding the 10% multiplied by the proportion of the holdings of the NWc over the total capital interests.

 

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    Investments in computable instruments under the financial entity’s RPC are not subject to consolidated supervision, when the entity owns up to 10% of the issuer’s ordinary capital or when the issuer is a subsidiary of financial entity according to the following criteria: (i) investments include direct, indirect or synthetic interests; (ii) investments include the acquired net position; and (iii) securities issued are placed within 5 business days.

Limitations

Communication “A” 5580 (as amended and supplemented) establishes minimum thresholds regarding the capital integration: (i) for COn1 the amount resulting from multiplying 4.5% by the capital risk weighted assets (activos ponderados por riesgos or APR, as for its acronym in Spanish language); (ii) for the NWb, the amount resulting from multiplying 6% by the APR and (iii) for the RPC the amount resulting from multiplying 8% by the APR. Please note that the APR calculation results from multiplying by 12.5% the minimum capital requirement. The lack of compliance with any of these limitations is considered as an infringement to minimum capital integration requirements.

Economic Capital

Communication “A” 5398 of the Central Bank requires that financial institutions must have an integrated global internal process in place to assess the adequacy of their economic capital based on their risk profile (the “Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process” or “ICAAP”) as well as a strategy aiming to maintain their regulatory capital. If as a result of this internal process, it is found that the regulatory capital is insufficient, financial institutions must increase it based on their own estimates to meet the regulatory requirement.

The economic capital of financial institutions is the amount of capital required to pay not only unexpected losses arising from exposure to credit, operational and market risks, but also those arising from other risks to which the financial institution may be exposed.

Financial institutions must demonstrate that their internal capital targets are well funded and adequate to their general risk profile and operations. The ICAAP should take into consideration all the material risks to which the institution is exposed; to such end, institutions must define an integral process for the management of: credit, operational, market, interest rate, liquidity, securitization, graduation, reputational and strategic risks, using stress tests to assess potential adverse scenarios that may affect their regulatory capital.

The ICAAP must include stress tests supplementing and validating any other quantitative or qualitative approach employed by the institution in order to provide the board of directors and senior management with a deeper understanding of the interaction among the various types of risk under stress conditions. In addition, the ICAAP must consider the short- and long-term capital needs of the institution and ensure the prudent accumulation of excess capital during positive periods of the economic cycle.

The required amount of capital of each institution shall be determined based on its risk profile, taking into consideration other external factors such as the effects of the economic cycle and the economic scenario.

Requirements applicable to dividend distribution

The Central Bank imposed certain restrictions on the payment of dividends, limiting the ability of financial institutions to distribute dividends without its prior consent.

Pursuant to Communication “A” 5072 (as amended and supplemented), the Central Bank amended and restated the regulations governing dividend distribution by financial institutions. The Superintendency will be in charge of reviewing the ability of a financial entity to distribute dividends upon their request for approval. The request must be filed within 30 business days prior to the shareholders’ meeting that approves the financial institutions’ annual financial statements. Financial institutions may distribute dividends only if each of the following conditions is not met during the month preceding the request:

 

    the financial institution is subject to a liquidation procedure or a mandatory transfer of assets ordered by the Central Bank in accordance with section 34 or 35 bis of the Financial Institutions Law;

 

    the financial institution receives financial assistance from the Central Bank;

 

    the financial institution does not comply with its reporting obligations under Central Bank regulations;

 

    the financial institution breaches the minimum capital requirements (both on an individual and consolidated basis, excluding any individual exemption granted by the Superintendency) or minimum cash reserves (on average), whether in Pesos, foreign currency or securities issued by the public sector; and

 

    the financial institution is subject to significant penalties imposed by the UIF except when certain corrective actions have been implemented by the Superintendency or if a risk mitigation plan has been required and approved.

Financial institutions that do not comply with all of the above-mentioned conditions may distribute dividends up to an amount equal to: (i) the positive balance of the account “unappropriated earnings” (“resultados no asignados”) at the end of the fiscal year, (ii) plus voluntary reserves for future dividend payments and (iii) minus voluntary reserves and mandatory statutory reserves and other items, such as (a) balance of account related to payments made under pesification judicial rulings; (b) the net positive balance of the book-value and the market-value of certain public debt securities and Central Bank notes that the financial institution owns that are not marked to market; (c) unrecorded adjustments of asset value informed by the Superintendency or mentioned by external auditors on their report; (d) individual exemptions for asset valuation granted by the Superintendency; (e) balance of judicial deposits in foreign currency and accounting value of such deposits as required by Law No. 25,561 and Decree No. 214/02; and (f) net results of losses due to application of rules for valuation of securities of the non-financial public sector and monetary regulations of the Central Bank.

 

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Dividends cannot be paid, however, in any of the following circumstances:

 

    if the minimum cash reserve in average is lower than that cash required by the latest reported position or the pro-forma position after making the dividend payment; and/or

 

    if the minimum regulatory capital after making the dividend payment is lower than the minimum capital required increased by 75%; and/or

 

    if the financial institution received any kind of financial assistance from the Central Bank due to liquidity problems, pursuant to Section 17 of the Central Bank’s charter.

In addition, for financial institutions that are branches of foreign financial institutions, the Superintendency will consider the liquidity and solvency of their headquarters and the markets in which they operate.

Pursuant to Communication “A” 5580 the minimum regulatory capital has to account for the requirement of counterparty risk capital for securitizations for every ongoing transaction at the time of determination.

BCRA Communication “A” 5689, dated January 8, 2015, set forth that financial entities shall make an accounting entry of and provide information about any administrative and/or disciplinary penalties, and adverse criminal judgments passed by courts, which were applied or filed by the Central Bank, the UIF, the CNV and the National Insurance Superintendence (SSN). Beginning in January 2015, the amount of the accounting entry shall include all of the penalties and a provision for 100% of each one must be made. Such provisions must be maintained until payment is made or a final judgment is passed. In January 2015, according to such regulations, the Bank created provisions for administrative and/or disciplinary sanctions, which were applied or initiated by the Central Bank, UIF and CNV. Such provisions totaled Ps.11.4 million. According to Central Bank Communication “A” 5707, if dividends were to be distributed, this this amount shall also be deducted from the distributable amount.

Also in January 2015, Communication “A” 5694 of the Central Bank established that those entities considered domestic systemically important (D-SIB) must take into account an extra minimum capital requirement equivalent to 1% of the total risk-weighted assets (“RWA”) which they must comply with using exclusively ordinary capital level 1 (Con1) according to the schedule described under “—Liquidity and Solvency Requirements—Requirements Applicable to Dividend Distribution” (currently, RWA arises from multiplying by 12.5 the minimum capital requirements). According to Central Bank Communication “A” 5707, if dividends were to be distributed, this requirement becomes effective immediately.

In January 2015, within the scope of the principles of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, the Central Bank graded Banco Macro S.A. a domestic systemically important entity (D-SIB).

For more information, see Item 8.A “Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information—Amounts available for distribution and distribution approval process”.

Credit risk

The minimum capital requirement due to counterparty (“CRC”) risk must be calculated by dividing the sum of each item’s daily balance by the amount of days corresponding to the month. The capital requirement due to counterparty risk is defined as:

CRC = k * [0.08 * (APRc + no DvP) + DvP + RCD] + INC + IP.

Where “k” is determined by the rating (1 strongest, 5 weakest) assigned to the financial entity by the Superintendency, pursuant to the following scale:

 

Rating

   K Factor  

1

     1   

2

     1.03   

3

     1.08   

4

     1.13   

5

     1.19   

“APRc” stands for capital risk weighted assets calculated by adding the value obtained from applying the following formula:

A * p + PFB * CCF * p

Where “A” is computable assets, “PFB” is computable items which are not registered on the balance sheet (off balance sheet), “CCF” is the conversion credit factor and “p” is risk measure.

Additionally, “no DvP” refers to transactions without delivery against payment; “DvP” refers to failed delivery against payment transactions; “RCD” refers to requirements for counterparty risk in over-the-counter transactions. The “INC” variable amount refers to increases in minimum capital requirements that arise when certain mandatory technical ratios are exceeded (fixed assets, counterparty risk diversification and rating and limitations on transactions with related clients) and resulting credit exposure from the sum of positions not covered by contracts to hedge changes in commodity prices. The variable “IP” refers to increases that arise from the extension of the general limit on negative foreign currency net global position.

 

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Excluded items include: (a) securities granted for the benefit of the Central Bank for direct obligations; (b) deductible items pursuant to RPC regulations; and (c) finance and securities granted by branches and local subsidiaries of foreign financial entities by order and on account of their headquarters or foreign branches or the foreign controlling entity, to the extent (i) the foreign entity has an investment grade rating, (ii) the foreign entity is subject to regulations that entail consolidated audits, (iii) in case of finance operations, they shall be repaid by the local branch or subsidiary exclusively with funds received from the aforementioned foreign intermediaries; and (iv) in case of guarantees granted locally, they are in turn guaranteed by their headquarters or foreign branches or the foreign controlling entity and foreclosure on such guaranty may be carried out immediately and at the sole requirement of the local entity.

Each type of asset is weighted based on its respective accepted risk level. The table below shows the weighted percentage assigned to the most important types of assets:

 

Type of asset    Weighted percentage

Cash and cash equivalents

  

Cash held in treasury, in transit (when the financial institution assumes responsibility and risk for transportation), in ATMs, in current accounts and in special accounts with the Central Bank, gold coins or bars

   0

Cash items in the process of collection, cash in value carriers and in custody at financial institutions.

   20

Exposure to governments and central banks

  

To the BCRA denominated and funded in pesos.

   0

To the public non-financial sector denominated and funded in pesos, including securitized exposures.

   0

To the public non-financial sector arising from financing granted to social security beneficiaries or public employees (with discount code).

   0

To the public non-financial sector and the BCRA. Other.

   100

To other sovereign states or their central banks and other foreign public non-financial sector institutions.

   100

To the Bank for International Settlements, the IMF, the European Central Bank and the European Community.

   0

Exposure to the Multilateral Development Banks (MDB)

  

The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the Inter-American Development Bank (IADB), the European Investment Bank (EIB), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the African Development Bank (AFDB), the European Investment Fund (EIF), the Nordic Investment Bank (NIB), the Caribbean Development Bank (CBD), the Islamic Development Bank (IDB) and the European Council Development Bank (ECDB)

   0

Other.

   100

Exposure to local financial institutions

  

Denominated and funded in pesos arising from transactions with an initial contractual term of up to 3 months

   20

Other

   100

Exposure to foreign financial institutions

   100

Exposure to local and foreign companies and other entities - including national foreign exchange entities, insurance companies, brokerage houses and other companies considered non-financial private sector entities pursuant to the provisions of Section 1 of the regulations governing the “Financing of the non-financial public sector”

   100

Exposures included in the retail portfolio

  

Loans to individuals (provided that installments of loans granted by the institution do not exceed, at the time of the agreements, 30% of borrower’s income) and to Micro, Small- and Medium-Sized Companies (“MiPyMEs”).

   75

Other

   100

Exposures guaranteed by reciprocal guaranty companies (sociedades de garantía recíproca) or public security funds registered with the Registries authorized by the Central Bank

   50

First mortgages and mortgages of any ranking on residential homes, to the extent the entity is the mortgagee

  

If Credit facility not exceeding 75% of the appraised value of such real property

  

- Sole, permanently-occupied family home.

   35

- Other

   50

On the amount exceeding 75% of the appraised value of such real property

   100

First mortgages and mortgages of any ranking other than on residential homes, to the extent the entity is the mortgagee

  

Up to 50% of the real property market value or 60% of the mortgage loan, whichever is lower.

   50

On the remaining portion of the loan.

   100

Delinquent loans over 90 days

  

Weighting varies according to the loan and specific provisions created

   50 – 150

Interests in companies

   150

Exposures to central counterparty entities (CCP)

   0

Other assets and / or items off the balance sheet

   100

Interest rate risk

Until January 1, 2013, financial entities had to comply with minimum capital requirements regarding interest rate risk. Communication “A” 5369 removed all rules and regulations regarding minimum capital requirements for interest rate risk. These requirements are intended to capture the sensitivity of assets and liabilities to changes in the interest rates. Notwithstanding this ruling, financial entities must continue to manage this risk and such management will be subject to the Superintendency’s supervision. The Superintendency may determine the need to maintain more regulatory capital.

 

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Market risk

Minimum capital requirements for market risks are computed as a function of the market risk of financial entities’ portfolios, measured as their value at risk (“VaR”). The regulation includes those assets traded on a regular basis in open markets and excludes those assets held at investment accounts, which must meet counterparty and interest rate risk minimum capital requirements.

There are five categories of assets. Domestic assets are divided into equity and public bonds/Central Bank’s debt instruments, the latter being classified in two categories that, according to whether their modified duration is less than or more than 2.5 years. Foreign equity and foreign bonds make up another two categories classified according to their duration as well, the latter also comprising two separate categories, defined as for domestic assets. The fifth category is comprised of foreign exchange positions, differentiated according to currency involved.

Overall capital requirements in relation to market risk are the sum of the five amounts of capital necessary to cover the risks arising from each category.

Market risk minimum capital requirements must be met daily. Information must be reported to the Central Bank on a monthly basis. As from May 2003, the U.S. dollar has been included as a foreign currency risk factor for the calculation of the market risk requirement, considering all assets and liabilities in that currency.

Consequences of a failure to meet minimum capital requirements

In the event of non-compliance with capital requirements by a financial institution, Central Bank Communication “A” 3171 provides the following:

 

    Non-compliance reported by the institution: the institution must meet the required capital no later than the end of the second month after the date of non-compliance or submit a restructuring plan within 30 days after the end of the month in which such non-compliance was reported. In addition, non-compliance with minimum capital requirements will entail a number of consequences for the financial institution, including a prohibition to open branches in Argentina or in other countries, establish representative offices abroad, or own equity in foreign financial institutions, as well as a prohibition to pay cash dividends. Moreover, the Superintendency may appoint a representative, who shall have the powers set forth by the Financial Institutions Law.

 

    Non-compliance detected by the Superintendency: the institution may challenge the non-compliance determination within 30 days after being served notice by the Superintendency. If no challenge is made, or if the defense is dismissed, the non-compliance determination will be deemed to be final and the procedure described in the previous item will apply.

Furthermore, pursuant to Communication “A” 5282, if a financial institution fails to meet market risk daily minimum capital requirements, except for any failure to meet the requirements on the last day of the month, calculated as a sum of values at risk of included assets (VaR), the financial institution must replace its capital or decrease its financial position until such requirement is met, having up to ten business days from the first day on which the requirement was not met to meet the requirement. If the financial institution fails to meet this requirement after ten business days, it must submit a regularization and reorganization plan within the following five business days and it may become subject to an administrative proceeding initiated by the Superintendency.

Operational risk

The regulation on operational risk (“OR”) recognizes the management of OR as a comprehensive practice, separated from that of other risks given its importance. OR is defined as the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems or from external events. The definition includes legal risk but excludes strategic and reputational risk.

Financial institutions must establish a system for the management of OR that includes policies, processes, procedures and the structure for their adequate management. This scheme must also allow the financial entity to evaluate capital sufficiency.

Seven categories of loss events derived from OR types are defined, according to internationally accepted criteria: internal fraud; external fraud; employment practices and workplace safety; clients, products and business practices; damage to physical assets; business disruption and system failures; and execution, delivery and process management.

Financial entities are in charge of implementing an efficient management of OR following the guidelines provided by the Central Bank. A solid system for risk management must have a clear assignment of responsibilities within the organization of financial entities. Thus, the regulation describes the roles of each level of the organization for the management of OR (such as the roles of the board of directors, senior management and the business units of the financial institution).

An “OR unit” is required, adjusted to the financial institution’s size and sophistication and the nature and complexity of its products and processes, and the extent of the transaction. For small institutions, this unit may even consist of a single person. This unit may functionally respond to the senior management (or similar) or a functional level with risk management decision capacity that reports to that senior management.

 

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An effective risk management will contribute to prevent future losses derived from operational events. Consequently, financial entities must manage the inherent OR in their products, activities, processes and systems. The OR management process comprises:

 

a) Identification and assessment: the identification process should consider both internal and external factors that could adversely affect the development of the processes and projections done according to the business strategies defined by the financial institution. Financial entities should use internal data, establishing a process to register frequency, severity, categories and other relevant aspects of the OR loss events. This should be complemented with other tools, such as self-risk assessments, risk mapping and key risk indicators.

 

b) Monitoring: an effective monitoring process is required, for quickly detecting and correcting deficiencies in the policies, processes and procedures for managing OR. In addition to monitoring operational loss events, banks should identify forward-looking indicators that enable them to act upon these risks appropriately.

 

c) Control and mitigation: financial entities must have an appropriate control system for ensuring compliance with a documented set of internal policies, which involves periodic reviews (at least annually) of control strategies and risk mitigation, and should adjust them if necessary.

Pursuant to Communication “A” 5282, the minimum capital requirements regarding OR is equal to 15% of the annual average positive gross income of the last 36 months.

 

LOGO (the “Formula”)

Where:

LOGO : capital requirement for operational risk

a: 15%

n: number of 12-month successive terms with IB positive, based on the last 36 months preceding the month of calculation. The maximum value of n is 3.

IBt: gross income from 12-month successive terms, provided that it is a positive figure, corresponding to the last 36 months preceding the month of calculation. IB is defined as the sum of:

 

(a) Financial and service income minus financial and service expenses; and

 

(b) Other income minus other expenses.

The following items are excluded from the terms (a) and (b):

 

  i) expenses derived from the creation or elimination of reserves during previous fiscal years and recovered credits during the fiscal year which were written-off in previous fiscal years;

 

  ii) profits or losses from holding of equity in other financial institutions or companies, if these were deductible from RPC;

 

  iii) extraordinary or unusual gains –i.e. those arising from unusual and exceptional events which resulted in gains- including income from insurance recovery; and

 

  iv) gains from the sale of financial public sector notes, as set forth under the Central Bank Rules (“Valuación de instrumentos de deuda del sector público no financiero y de regulación monetaria del Banco Central de la República Argentina”).

New financial institutions must comply for the first 36 months with an OR of the 10% of the monthly average positive gross income of the elapsed months. From the thirty seventh month onwards, the monthly requirement is calculated with the Formula.

Minimum cash reserve requirements

The minimum cash reserve requirement requires that a financial institution keep a portion of its deposits or obligations readily available and not allocated to lending transactions. Pursuant to Communication “A” 3498 (as amended and supplemented) as of March 1, 2002, the minimum cash requirement includes deposits and obligations for other financial intermediation transactions (overnight and fix term transactions).

Minimum cash requirements are applicable to demand and time deposits and other liabilities arising from financial intermediation denominated in Pesos, foreign currency, or government and corporate securities, and any unused balances of advances in checking accounts under formal agreements not containing any clauses that permit the bank to discretionally and unilaterally revoke the possibility of using such balances.

Minimum cash reserve obligations exclude (i) amounts owed to the Central Bank, (ii) amounts owed to domestic financial institutions, (iii) amounts owed to foreign banks (including their head offices, entities controlling domestic institutions and their branches) in connection with foreign trade financing facilities, (iv) cash purchases pending settlement and forward purchases, (v) cash sales pending settlement and forward sales (whether or not related to repurchase agreements), (vi) overseas correspondent banking operations, and (vii) demand obligations for money orders and transfers from abroad pending settlement to the extent they do not exceed a 72 business hour term as from their deposit.

 

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The liabilities subject to these requirements are computed on the basis of the effective principal amount of the transactions, excluding interest accrued, past due, or to become due on the aforementioned liabilities, provided they were not credited to the account of, or made available to, third parties, and, where available, the amount accruing upon the adjustment rate (CER) is applied.

The basis on which the minimum cash reserve requirement is computed is the monthly average of the daily balances of the liabilities at the end of each day during each calendar month, except for the period ranging from December of a year to February of the next, period in which it shall be applied on a quarterly average. Such requirement shall be complied with on a separate basis for each currency in which the liabilities are denominated.

The table below shows the percentage rates that should be applied (from April 2014) to determine the required minimum cash reserve requirement, which in the case of transactions in Pesos, will depend on the category under which the jurisdiction of the main office of the financial entity falls (Communication “A” 5569):

 

Item

   Rate (%)  
   Category I      Categories II to VI  
   Pesos      Foreign
Currency
     Pesos      Foreign
Currency
 

1-Checking account deposits

     17            15      

2-Savings account, basic account and free universal account

     17         50         15         50   

3-Legal custody accounts, special accounts for savings clubs, “Unemployment Fund for Construction Industry Workers” (Fondo de Cese Laboral para los Trabajadores de la Industria de la Construcción) and “Salary payment,” special checking accounts for legal entities and social security savings accounts

     17         50         15         50   

4-Other demand deposits and liabilities, pension and social security benefits credited by ANSES pending collection and immobilized reserve funds for liabilities covered by these regulations

     17         50         15         50   

5-Unused balances of advances in checking accounts under executed overdraft agreements

     17            15      

6-Deposits in checking accounts of non-bank financial institutions, computed for purposes of meeting their required minimum cash reserve

     100            100      

7-Time deposits, liabilities under acceptances, repurchase agreements (including responsibilities for sale or transfer of credits to agents different from financial institutions), stock-exchange repos (cautions and stock exchange passive repos), constant-term investments, with an option for early termination or for renewal for a specified term and variable income, and other fixed-term liabilities, except rescheduled deposits included in the following items 11, 12, 13 and 14 of this table:

     

(i) Up to 29 days

     13         50         12         50   

(ii) From 30 days to 59 days

     10         38         9         38   

(iii) From 60 days to 89 days

     6         25         5         25   

(iv) From 90 days to 179 days

     1         14         —           14   

(v) From 180 days to 365 days

     —           5         —           5   

(vi) More than 365 days

     —           —           —           —     

8-Liabilities owed due to foreign facilities (not executed by means of time deposits or debt securities)

     —              —        

9-Securities (including Notes)

     

(i) Up to 29 days

     14         50         14         50   

(ii) From 30 days to 59 days

     11         38         11         38   

(iii) From 60 days to 89 days

     7         25         7         25   

(iv) From 90 days to 179 days

     2         14         2         14   

(v) From 180 days to 365 days

     —           5         —           5   

(vi) From 365 days

     —           —           —           —     

10-Liabilities owing to the Trust Fund for Assistance to Financial and Insurance Institutions

     —              —        

11-Demand and time deposits made upon a court order with funds arising from cases pending before the court, and the related immobilized balances

     10         25         10         25   

12-Deposits as assets of a mutual fund

     19         50         19         50   

13-Special deposits related to inflows of funds. Decree 616/2005

        100            100   

14-Time deposits in nominative, non-transferable Peso-denominated certificates, belonging to public sector holders, with the right to demand early withdrawal in less than 30 days from its setting up

     15            14      

In addition to the above-mentioned requirements, the reserve for any defect in the application of resources in foreign currency for any given month shall be applied to an amount equal to the minimum cash requirement of the corresponding currency for each month.

The minimum cash reserve must be set up in the same currency to which the requirement applies, and eligible items include the following:

 

1. Accounts maintained by financial institutions with the Central Bank in Pesos.

 

2. Accounts of minimum cash maintained by financial institutions with the Central Bank in U.S. dollars, or other foreign currency.

 

3. Special guarantee accounts for the benefit of electronic clearing houses and to cover settlement of credit card and ATM transactions and inmediate transfer of funds.

 

4. Checking accounts maintained by non-bank financial institutions with commercial banks for the purpose of meeting the minimum reserve requirement.

 

5. Special accounts maintained with the Central Bank for transactions involving social security payments by the ANSES.

 

6. Minimum cash sub-account 60, authorized in the Registration and Settlement Central for Public Debt and Financial Trusts – CRYL (“Central de Registro y Liquidación de Pasivos Públicos y Fideicomisos Financieros – CRYL”) for public securities and securities issued by the Central Bank at their market value.

These eligible items are subject to review by the Central Bank and may be changed in the future.

 

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Compliance on public bonds and time deposits must be done with holdings marked to market and of the same type, only in terms of monthly status. Holdings must be deposited on special accounts at the Central Bank.

Compliance with the minimum cash reserve requirement will be measured on the basis of the monthly average of the daily balances of eligible items maintained during the month to which the minimum cash reserve refers by dividing the aggregate of such balances by the total number of days in the relevant period.

The aggregate balances of the eligible items referred to above, maintained as of each daily closing, may not, on any one day during the month, be less than 50% of the total required cash reserve, excluding the requirement for incremental deposits, determined for the next preceding month, recalculated on the basis of the requirements and items in force in the month to which the cash reserves relate. The daily minimum required is 70% when a deficit has occurued in the previous month.

Any deficiencies in meeting the required minimum cash reserve and the daily minimum reserve in Pesos are subject to a penalty equal to two times the private bank’s BADLAR rate for deposits in Pesos for the last business day of the month.

Any deficiencies in meeting the required minimum cash reserve and the daily minimum reserve in foreign currency are subject to a penalty equal to two times the private banks’ BADLAR rate for deposits in U.S. dollars or two times the 30-day U.S. dollar-LIBOR rate for the last business day of the month (whichever is higher).

Minimum cash requirements decrease with (i) the implementation of the Consumer Promotion Program and the Production of Goods and Services named “Ahora 12” created by Resolution 671/2014 of the Ministry of Economy and (ii) payment of social security benefits. Minimum cash requirements increase with (i) defect in the application of credit quotas to clients other than MiPyMEs and (ii) failure to comply with (a) minimum deposit rates (b) maximum active rates. Minimum foreign cash requirements may decrease in the event of a relaunching of Lebac’s (Central Bank bills) subscriptions.

Internal liquidity policies of financial institutions

Pursuant to Communication “A” 5693 financial institutions must adopt policies and management controls to ensure the availability of reasonable levels of liquidity to meet efficiently in different alternative scenarios, deposits and other commitments of a financial nature.

Such policies must provide procedures to assess early on the liquidity conditions of the entity in the context of the market, with the consequent revision of estimates and their adaptation to the new scenarios, taking such steps lead to the removal of liquidity mismatches or taking steps to provide resources to obtaining cost-similar market that pay their competitors-and wisely enough to support the longer-term assets.

The entity must take into account the extent to which their liabilities or assets are concentrated in certain customers, the general state of the economy and the market and its likely evolution, its impact on the availability of credit facilities and the ability to raise funds by selling government securities and / or active portfolio, etc.

The organizational structure of the entity must consider a specific unit or person in charge of managing liquidity and levels of responsibility of those who will be responsible for managing the liquidity coverage ratio (“LCR”) which will require daily monitoring.

The participation and coordination of the highest management authority of the entity (e.g. general manager) will be necessary.

In addition, financial institutions must designate a director or advisor who will receive reports at least weekly, or more frequently if circumstances so require, especially when changes in liquidity conditions require new courses of action to safeguard the entity. In the case of branches of foreign financial institutions, the burden to inform lies on the highest authority in the country.

Appointed officers and managers will be responsible for managing the liquidity policy that, in addition to monitoring the LCR, includes taking the steps to comply with minimum cash requirement.

Financial institutions must report the list of such officers and directors, as well as subsequent changes, to the Superintendency within 10 calendar days from the date of any such change.

Credit risk regulation

The regulations on credit risk prescribe standards in order to reduce such risk without significantly eroding average profitability. There are three types of ratios that limit a lender’s risk exposure, namely: risk concentration limits, limits on transactions with customers on the basis of the institution’s RPC and credit limits on the basis of the customer’s net worth.

Risk concentration: regulations include the concept of risk concentration, defined as the sum of loans that individually exceed 10% of the financial institution’s RPC. Risk concentration cannot be greater than:

 

    Three times the RPC without considering loans to local financial institutions;

 

    Five times the RPC on total financings; and/or

 

    Ten times the RPC of second-tier commercial banks when taking into account transactions with other financial institutions.

 

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The three-time and five-time limits rise to four and six times, respectively, whenever increases are allocated to provide assistance to trusts or fiduciary funds from the non-financial public sector.

Those loans (other than the inter-bank operations) that exceed 2.5% of the financial institution’s RPC must be recommended by senior management and approved by the institution’s board of directors or similar authority.

Diversification of risk: Financial institutions must ensure that their loan portfolio, is diversified among the highest possible number of individuals or companies and across all economic sectors, so as to avoid the concentration of risk due to transactions with a small group of individuals or companies or related to a specific sector, that may significantly affect the institution’s assets.

Degree of risk: In the case of credit limits based on the customers’ net worth, as a general rule the financial assistance cannot exceed 100% of the customer’s net worth. The basic margin may be increased by an additional 200% provided such additional margin does not exceed 2.5% of the financial institution’s RPC as of the last day of the second month prior to the date of the financing and the increase is approved by the board of directors or similar authority of the relevant financial institution.

Limits on credit assistance

Maximum individual limits on credit assistance for non-related clients are established as a percentage of the financial institution’s RPC.

Maximum limits for credit assistance to non-financial public sector are as follows:

 

Transactions with the non-financial public sector    Maximum limit (*)  

i) Transactions with the national public sector

     50

ii) Transactions with each provincial jurisdiction or the City of Buenos Aires

     10

iii) Transactions with each municipal jurisdiction

     3

 

(*) Individual limits will be increased by 15%, when the increase is applied to financial assistance granted to trusts or fiduciary funds subject to certain conditions and related to the financing of public sector or the inclusion of debt instruments issued by them.

Globally, lending to the public sector cannot exceed 75% of the institution’s RPC. As from July 2007, monthly credit assistance to the public sector cannot exceed 35% of a financial institution’s assets.

Maximum limits for credit assistance to non-financial private sector of the country and non-financial sector abroad are as follows:

 

Transactions with the non-financial private sector of the country and non-financial sector
abroad
   Maximum limit  

i) For each borrower

  

a) Unsecured financings

     15

b) Total financings (secured or not) and/or collaterals included in financings guaranteed by other persons

     25

ii) For each Reciprocal Guarantee Company (RGC) (even related) or public guarantee fund

     25

iii) For each export credit insurance company

     15

Maximum limits for credit assistance to the financial sector of the country are as follows:

 

Transactions with the financial sector of the country    Lender    Taker  
      Rated 1, 2 or 3     Rated 4 or 5  

i) Financing by a financial institution that is not a second tier commercial bank to a local financial institution.

   Rated 1, 2 or 3      25 %*      25
   Rated 4 or 5      25     0

ii) Financing by a financial institution that is a second tier commercial bank

   Rated 1, 2 or 3
Rated 4 or 5
    

 

100

100


   

 

100

0


 

* This limit can be divided in two segments, with and without collateral, in each case by 25% subject to compliance with certain requirements.

Maximum limits for credit assistance to the financial sector abroad are as follows:

 

Transactions with the financial sector abroad    Maximum limit  

i) Investment grade banks

     25

ii) Non-investment grade banks

     5

 

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The allocation of margins for exposure to counterparty credit risk in derivative contracts is done on the basis of risk-sensitive measures and the features of each particular type of transaction (type of contract, frequency of marking to market, volatility of the asset). Transactions to be included are forwards, futures and options on shares and public bonds, and Central Bank debt instruments for which volatility is published, purchase and sale options on such assets, and swaps.

Operations with related clients

The regulation imposes limits on the risk arising from lending to persons or companies related to a financial institution. The concept of “relationship” is based on:

A-Control relationship

 

  i) any person, other than from the non-financial public sector of the country, having direct or indirect control over the financial institution;

 

  ii) any individual or entity, other than from the non-financial public sector, directly or indirectly controlled by one or more persons directly controlling the financial institution;

 

  iii) any entity or individual directly or indirectly controlled by the financial institution, pursuant to the provisions of section 28, subsection a) of the Law on Financial Institutions and the regulations on “Services supplementary to the financial activity and permitted activities” and “Credit Grading”;

 

  iv) any financial institution or entity engaged in the provision of services supplementary to the financial activity, other than those referred to in the preceding items, subject to consolidated supervision with the financial institution;

 

  v) any financial institution, other than those referred to in the preceding items, having directors in common with the entity or company, other than from the non-financial public sector of the country, having direct or indirect control over the financial institution or with the financial institution, to the extent such directors represent a simple majority of the respective boards of each such entities or financial institution;

 

  vi) in connection with local branches of foreign financial institutions, the parent company and the other branches; and

 

  vii) as an exception, if so determined by the board of directors of the Central Bank, based on the recommendation of the head of the Superintendency.

Control by one person of another is defined under such regulations as:

 

  i) holding or controlling, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of the total voting stock of the other person;

 

  ii) holding 50% or more of the total voting stock at shareholders’ or board meetings where directors or similar officers are elected;

 

  iii) even if holding less than 25% of the total voting stock, having control over other institutions that may in turn influence the decision making process of the relevant entity; and

 

  iv) when the Central Bank board of directors – pursuant to a proposal from the Superintendency – determines as such.

B- Personal relationship: including

1-Direct relationship with individuals in the following offices:

i) Incumbent directors, incumbent members of the board of directors and the supervisory committee;

ii) Highest local officer of local branches of foreign financial institutions;

iii) General manager or general deputy managers or similar officers;

iv) Officers authorized to make credit decisions, up to manager or similar officer; and

v) Incumbent statutory supervisors.

2- Direct relationship with the following individuals:

 

i) persons employed by financial institutions or companies engaged in the provision of services supplementary to the financial activity, subject to consolidated supervision by the financial institution;

 

ii) spouse or relatives up to the second degree of consanguinity or the first degree of affinity to individuals directly or indirectly related to the financial institution under a control or personal relationship; and

 

iii) sole proprietorships directly or indirectly controlled by individuals directly or indirectly related to the financial institution.

C - Relationship assumed due to lack of, or outdated, sworn statement

Borrowers which are required to file sworn statements as to whether they are related or not to the lending institution or whether the relationship with such institution implies the existence of a controlling influence, and have failed to file such sworn statement or any subsequent update thereof, shall be considered related to the institution and the aggregate credit extended to them shall be subject to the limits applicable to related clients.

 

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Limits for related clients:

Lending limits for related clients are determined in terms of the RPC of the financial institution and its CAMELBIG rating, which rates the categories of capital, assets, market, earnings, liquidity and business of Argentine financial institutions on a scale of 1 through 5, with 1 being the highest, as follows:

a. Financial institutions with a CAMELBIG rating between 1 and 3:

1) To each related client from non-financial private sector:

 

  a) Loans with collateral and without collateral: 10% of RPC.

 

  b) Loans without collateral: 5% of RPC.

2) In the case of financial institutions or service companies with complementary activities, there are various limits that depend on the rating of the granting institution and the taker, and whether the companies are subject to consolidation.

3) Foreign investment grade banks: 10% of RPC.

b. Financial institutions with CAMELBIG ratings 4 or 5:

Lending to related clients is forbidden, except for subsidiaries and companies that provide complementary services subject to consolidation with limits of 5% and 10% of RPC, and loans of up to Ps.50,000 to their directors and managers to meet personal and family needs.

For all related clients, except for financial institutions or companies with complementary activities subject to consolidation: 20% of RPC.

Interest rate and fee regulations

Maximum lending rates

Pursuant to Communication “A” 5590, the Central Bank has established limits to lending rates applicable to consumer financing, mainly personal loans and pledge loans.

To such end, two groups of institutions have been defined: (i) financial entities whose amount of non financial private sector deposits in Pesos, considering the average of the three months prior to April 2014, is equal to or higher than 1% of the total non financial private sector deposits of the financial system (Group I) and (ii) all other financial institutions. We are included in Group I.

In the case of Group I, on a monthly basis, the Central Bank will publish the maximum interest rates that these financial institutions are authorized to apply to each financing disbursed and/or restructured, based on the result of multiplying the most recent “reference interest rate” (as published by the Central Bank based on the simple average of the cut-off rates applicable to Central Bank bills for a term closest to 90 days, two months before the disbursement) by the following factors: (a) pledge loans: 1.25 and (b) personal loans: 1.45

In the case of Group II, the factor is modified as follows (a) pledge loans: 1.40 and (b) personal loans: 1.80

Minimum term deposit rates

Pursuant to Communication “A” 5640, in October 2014, the Central Bank established minimum interest rates applicable to term deposits made by individuals (in a principal amount equal to or lower than the amount currently covered by SEDESA), i.e. deposits not exceeding Ps.350,000.

The interest rate applicable to such deposits shall not be lower than the result of multiplying the most recent “reference borrowing rate” (as published by the Central Bank based on the simple average of the cut-off rates applicable to Central Bank bills for a term closest to 90 days, two months before the taking of the deposits) by the following coefficient, depending on the original term of each deposit: (a) From 30 to 44 days: 0.87, (b) from 45 to 59 days: 0.89 and (c) over 60 days: 0.93

Fees

Pursuant to Communication “A” 5685 of the Central Bank, the prior authorization of the Central Bank will be required to implement new fees for new products and/or services offered and to increase existing fees, whether or not the products are considered basic. Any modification of charges must also be reported.

Mandatory extension of credit facilities for productive investments

On July 5, 2012, the Central Bank issued Communication “A” 5319 mandating financial entities to extend a credit facility directed at productive investments (“quota 2012”), according to the terms and conditions described therein. Subsequently, the Central Bank issued Communication “A” 5380 and “A” 5449 (“quota 2013”), “A” 5516 and “A” 5600 (“quota 2014”) and “A” 5681 (“quota 2015”) establishing new regulations applicable to credit facilities for productive investments. Financial institutions subject to this regime are those operating as financial agents of the national, provincial, City of Buenos Aires and/or municipal governments and/or whose average total deposits during a related three-month period are equal to or greater than 1% of the total deposits in the financial system.

 

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2012 quota

Financial entities included in the 2012 quota must allocate to credit facilities for productive investments an amount equivalent to 5% of the non-financial private sector deposits in Pesos, calculated according to the average balances of June 2012.

The maximum interest rate is 15.01% fixed per annum for at least the first 36 months. After the completion of this period, if the financing continues, institutions may apply a variable rate that may not exceed the total BADLAR rate in Pesos plus 400 basis points.

Quota 2012 must aim at least 50% of the credit facilities rendered to micro, small- and medium-sized enterprises. The credits granted must be denominated in Pesos and, at the time of disbursement of the funds, must have a weighted average life equal to or greater than 24 months and shall mature beyond 36 months. Financing under the 2012 quota must be granted by December 31, 2012.

2013 quota

Financial entities included in the 2013 quota must allocate to credit facilities for productive investments an amount equivalent to 5% of the non-financial private sector deposits in Pesos, calculated according to the balance resulting as of the end of November 2012, for the first tranche, and as of the end of May 2013, for the second tranche.

The maximum interest rate is 15.25% fixed per annum for at least the first 36 months (for both tranches). After the completion of this period, if the financing continues, institutions may apply a variable rate that may not exceed the total BADLAR rate in Pesos plus 400 basis points.

Quota 2013 must aim at least 50% of the credit facilities rendered to micro, small- and medium-sized enterprises. The credits granted must be denominated in Pesos and, at the time of disbursement of the funds, must have a weighted average life equal to or greater than 24 months and shall mature beyond 36 months. Financing under the first tranche must be granted by June 30, 2013. Financing under the second tranche must be granted by December 31, 2013.

2014 quota

Financial entities included in the 2014 quota must allocate to credit facilities for productive investments an amount equivalent to 5% of the non-financial private sector deposits in Pesos, calculated according to the balance resulting as of the end of November 2013, for the first tranche, and as of the end of May 2014, for the second tranche.

The maximum interest rate for the first tranche is 17.50% and for the second tranche is 19.50% fixed per annum for at least the first 36 months. After the completion of this period, if the financing continues, institutions may apply a variable rate that may not exceed the total BADLAR rate in Pesos plus 300 basis points.

Quota 2014 must aim the 100% of the credit facilities rendered to micro, small- and medium-sized enterprises. The credits granted must be denominated in Pesos and, at the time of disbursement of the funds, must have a weighted average life equal to or greater than 24 months and shall mature beyond 36 months. Financing under the first tranche must be granted by June 30, 2014. Financing under the second tranche must be granted by December 31, 2014.

The maximum interest rate for the second semester of 2014 quota is 19.50% fixed per annum for at least the first 36 months. After the completion of this period, if the financing continues, institutions may apply a variable rate that may not exceed the total BADLAR rate in Pesos plus 300 basis points.

2015 quota

Financial entities included in the 2015 quota must allocate at least an amount equivalent to 6.5% of deposits of non-financial private sector deposits in Pesos, calculated according to the average balances of November 2014.

The maximum interest rate for the 2015 quota is 19% fixed per annum for at least the first 36 months. After the completion of this period, if the financing continues, institutions may apply a variable rate that may not exceed the total BADLAR rate in Pesos plus 150 basis points.

Quota 2015 must aim the 100% of the credit facilities rendered to micro, small- and medium-sized enterprises. The credits granted must be denominated in Pesos and, at the time of disbursement of the funds, must have a weighted average life equal to or greater than 24 months and shall mature beyond 36 months. All financing under the 2015 quota must be granted by June 30, 2015.

At March 31, 2015, funding must have been agreed by at least 30% of the total amount of the first tranche of the 2015 quota.

Foreign exchange system

During the first quarter of 2002, the Argentine government established certain foreign exchange controls and restrictions.

 

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On February 8, 2002, Decree No. 260 was issued, establishing as of February 11, 2002 a Local Foreign Exchange Market (“Mercado Único y Libre de Cambios”) system through which all transactions involving the exchange of foreign currency are to be traded at exchange rates to be freely agreed upon.

On such date, the Central Bank issued Communications “A” 3471 and “A” 3473, which stated that the sale and purchase of foreign currency can only be performed with entities authorized by the Central Bank to operate in foreign exchange. Item 4 of Central Bank Communication “A” 3471 stated that the sale of foreign currency in the local exchange market shall be in all cases against Peso bills.

Since January 2, 2003, there have been several modifications to the restrictions imposed by the Central Bank. For further information, see Item 10.D Exchange Controls.”

Foreign currency lending capacity

The Regulations on the allocation of deposits in foreign currencies, Communication “A” 4851 as supplemented by Communication “A” 5275, establish that the lending capacity from foreign currency deposits, including U.S. dollar-denominated deposits to be settled in Pesos, must fall under one of the following categories: (a) pre-financing and financing of exports to be made directly or through principals, trustees or other brokers, acting on behalf of the owner of the merchandise; (b) financing for manufacturers, processors or collectors of goods, provided they refer to non-revocable sales agreements with exporters for foreign currency-denominated prices (irrespective of the currency in which such transaction is settled), and they refer to exchangeable foreign-currency denominated goods listed in local or foreign markets, broadly advertised and easily available to the general public; (c) financing for manufacturers of goods to be exported, as final products or as part of other goods, by third-party purchasers, provided that such transactions are secured or collateralized in foreign currency by third-party purchasers; (d) financing of investment projects, working capital or purchase of any kind of goods –including temporary imports of commodities- that increase or are related to the production of goods to be exported -including syndicated loans, whether granted by local or foreign financial institutions; (e) financing for commercial clients or commercial loans considered as consumer loans, with the purpose of importing capital goods, whenever they help to increase goods production for the domestic market; (f) debt securities or financial trust participation certificates whose underlying assets are loans made by the financial entities in the manners set forth in (a) to (d) above (excluding syndicated loans); (g) foreign currency debt securities or financial trust participation certificates, publicly listed under an authorization by the CNV, whose underlying assets are securities bought by the fiduciary and guaranteed by reciprocal guarantee companies or public guarantee funds, in order to finance export transactions; (h) financings for purposes other than those mentioned in (a) to (d) above, included under the IDB credit program (“Préstamos BID N° 119/OC-AR”), not exceeding 10% of the lending capacity; (i) inter-financing loans (any inter-financing loans granted with such resources must be identified); and (j) Central Bank bills denominated in dollars.

Communication “A” 4851 (as supplemented by Communication “A” 5275) provides a specific formula in order to calculate the financial institution’s capacity to lend money in foreign currency for imports (items (d) and (e), and, as applicable items (f) to (h) of the foregoing paragraph).

The lending capacity shall be determined for each foreign currency raised, such determination being made on the basis of the monthly average of daily balances recorded during each calendar month. Any defect in the application shall give rise to an increase in the minimum cash requirement in the relevant foreign currency.

General exchange position

The general exchange position (“GEP”) includes all the liquid external assets of the institution, such as gold, currency and foreign currency notes reserves, sight deposits in foreign banks, investments in securities issued by OECD member governments with a sovereign debt rating not below “AA”), certificates of time deposits in foreign institutions (rated not less than “AA”), and correspondents’ debit and credit balances. It also includes purchases and sales of these assets already arranged and pending settlement involving foreign exchange purchases and sales performed with customers within a term not exceeding two business days and correspondent balances for third-party transfers pending settlement. It does not include, however, foreign currency notes held in custody, term sales and purchases of foreign currency or securities nor direct investments abroad.

The GEP ceiling is calculated every month and, therefore, updated the first business day of the month. Pursuant to the relevant reporting system regulations this ceiling is set at 15% of the amount equivalent in U.S. dollars to the RPC at the end of the month immediately preceding the last month when filing with the Central Bank has already expired. It will be increased by an amount equivalent in U.S. dollars to 5% of the total amount traded by the institution on account of the purchases and sales of foreign currency in the calendar month prior to the immediately preceding month, and by 2% of the total demand and time deposits locally held and payable in foreign bills, excluding deposits held in custody, recorded by the institution at the end of the calendar month prior to the immediately preceding month. If the ceiling does not exceed US$8.0 million, this figure will be considered its floor.

Institutions authorized to trade in foreign currency failing to comply with the GEP ceilings or the exchange reporting regulations should refrain from trading in foreign currency until they are in compliance with the above.

Although certain exceptions are admitted, institutions authorized to trade in foreign currency require the Central Bank’s prior consent to perform their own purchases when payment is made against delivery of foreign currency or other foreign assets comprising the GEP.

 

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Foreign currency net global position

All assets and liabilities from financial intermediation in foreign currency and securities in foreign currency (deriving from cash and term transactions) are included in the net global position (for ongoing and completed operations).

In addition, forward transactions under master agreements entered within domestic self-regulated markets paid by settlement of the net amount without delivery of the underlying asset are also included. Deductible assets for determining RPC are excluded from the ratio.

Two ratios are considered in the foreign currency net global position:

 

  Negative foreign currency net global position (liabilities exceeding assets): the limit is 15% of the RPC, but it can be extended up to 15 p.p. provided the entity records at the same time: a) medium- and long-term financing in Pesos to non-financial private sector (mid- and long-term financings are those exceeding 4 years, weighting capital maturity without considering CER) under certain conditions for an amount equivalent to the increase of such limit; and b) an increase in the minimum capital requirement equivalent to the increase of the general limit of the negative foreign currency net global position.

 

  Positive foreign currency net global position (assets exceeding liabilities): this position cannot exceed the lesser of:

a) 20% of the RPC; and

b) the liquid funds of the relevant financial institution (which refer to the RPC minus “fixed assets” and loans to related clients).

Such limit should be extended by the amount increased between January 2014 and the month of the net global position, of the credit lines from abroad settled through the MULC. The calculation must be done considering the monthly average of daily balances of the credit lines entered converted to Pesos at the reference exchange rate.

Positive foreign currency net global position limit for term transactions: The positive foreign currency net global position for term transactions must not exceed 10% of the regulatory capital RPC of the previous month.

To determine the foreign currency positive net global position for term transactions should be considered relevant items included in other credits from financial intermediation, other liabilities from financial intermediation and derivatives denominated in foreign currency. To this end, financial entities must not deduct sales transactions entered into with “related parties”.

The excesses of these ratios are subject to a charge equal to 1.5 times the nominal interest rate of the Peso denominated Lebac (Central Bank bill). Charges not paid when due are subject to the charge established for excesses, increased by 50%.

In addition to the above-mentioned charge, sanctions set forth in Section 41 of the Financial Institutions Law shall apply (caution; warning; fine; temporary or permanent disqualification to dispose of a banking current account; temporary or permanent disqualification to act as promoters, founders, directors, administrators, members of surveillance committees, comptrollers, liquidators, managers, auditors, partner or shareholders; and license revocation).

Credit Ratings

Communication “A” 5671 issued on November 28, 2014 supersedes the provisions issued by the Central Bank containing ratings requirements assigned by a local risk rating company, leaving those regulations void. Where provisions require certain international ratings, the criteria set forth by communication “A” 5671 have complementary character.

The provisions of Communication “A” 5671 are basic guidelines to properly assess the credit risk that financial institutions must observe when giving effect to provisions of the Central Bank that include the requirement of a particular qualification, and do not take the credit assessment that each financial institution must make to their counterparts. International credit ratings that allude to these provisions shall be issued by rating agencies that have a code of conduct based on the “Principles of the Code of Conduct for Agents Rate Risk” released by the International Organization of Securities Commissions (“IOSCO”).

Annex II of Communication “A” 5671 provides a table of correspondence for the new qualification requirements for financial institutions. This table classifies the credit ratings for different transactions.

Credit portfolio

The regulations on debt classification are designed to establish clear guidelines for identifying and classifying the quality of assets, as well as evaluating the actual or potential risk of a lender sustaining losses on principal or interest, in order to determine, taking into account any loan security, whether the provisions against such contingencies are adequate. Banks must classify their loan portfolios into two different categories: (i) consumer or housing loans and (ii) commercial loans. Consumer or housing loans include housing loans, consumer loans, credit-card financings, loans of up to Ps.1,250,000 to micro credit institutions and commercial loans of up to Ps.2,500,000 with or without guarantees, when the institution has opted for it. All other loans are considered commercial loans. Consumer or housing loans in excess of Ps.2,500,000, the repayment of which is linked to the evolution of its productive or commercial activity, are classified as commercial loans. If a customer has both kinds of loans (commercial and consumer or housing loans), the consumer or housing loans will be added to the commercial portfolio to determine under which portfolio they should be classified based on the amount indicated. In these cases, the loans secured by preferred guarantees shall be considered to be at 50% of its face value.

 

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Under the current debt classification system, each customer, as well as the customer’s outstanding debts, is included within one of six sub-categories. The debt classification criteria applied to the consumer loan portfolio is primarily based on objective factors related to customers’ performance on their obligations or their legal standing, while the key criterion for classifying the commercial loan portfolio is each borrower’s paying ability based on its future cash flow.

Commercial loans classification

The principal criterion to evaluate a loan pertaining to the commercial portfolio is its borrower’s ability to repay it, whose ability is mainly measured by such borrower’s future cash flow. Pursuant to Central Bank Rules, commercial loans are classified as follows:

 

Classification

 

Criteria

Normal Situation   Borrowers that demonstrate their ability to comply with their payment obligations. High repayment capacity.

Subject to special

Monitoring/Under observation

  Borrowers that, among other criteria, are up to 90 days past due and, although considered to be able to meet all their financial obligations, are sensitive to changes that could compromise their ability to honor debts absent timely corrective measures.

Subject to special Monitoring /

Under negotiation or

refinancing agreement

  Borrowers who are unable to comply with their obligations as agreed with the bank and, therefore, formally state, within 60 calendar days after the maturity date, their intention to refinance such debts. The borrower must enter into a refinancing agreement with the bank within 90 calendar days (if up to two lenders are involved) or 180 calendar days (if more than two lenders are involved) after the payment default date. If no agreement has been reached within the established deadline, the borrower must be reclassified to the next category according to the indicators established for each level.
Troubled   Borrowers with difficulties honoring their financial obligations under the loan on a regular basis, which, if uncorrected, may result in losses to the bank.
With high risk of insolvency   Borrowers who are highly unlikely to honor their financial obligations under the loan.
Irrecoverable   Loans classified as irrecoverable at the time they are reviewed (although the possibility might exist that such loans might be collected in the future). The borrower will not meet its financial obligations with the financial institution
Irrecoverable according to Central Bank’s Rules   (a) Borrower has defaulted on its payment obligations under a loan for more than 180 calendar days according to the corresponding report provided by the Central Bank, which report includes (1) financial institutions liquidated by the Central Bank, (2) residual entities created as a result of the privatization of public financial institutions, or in the privatization or dissolution process, (3) financial institutions whose licenses have been revoked by the Central Bank and find themselves subject to judicial liquidation or bankruptcy proceedings and (4) trusts in which Seguro de Depósitos S.A. (SEDESA) is a beneficiary, or (b) certain kinds of foreign borrowers (including banks or other financial institutions that are not subject to the supervision of the Central Bank or similar authority of the country in which they are incorporated) that are not classified as “investment grade” by any of the rating agencies approved by the Central Bank.

Consumer or housing loans classification

The principal criterion applied to loans in the consumer or housing portfolio is the length of period for which such loans remain overdue. Under the Central Bank Rules, consumer or housing borrowers are classified as follows:

 

Classification

 

Criteria

Normal Situation   If all payments on loans are current or less than 31 calendar days overdue and, in the case of checking account overdrafts, less than 61 calendar days overdue.
Low Risk   Loans upon which payment obligations are overdue for a period of more than 31 and up to 90 calendar days.
Medium Risk   Loans upon which payment obligations are overdue for a period of more than 90 and up to 180 calendar days.
High Risk   Loans in respect of which a legal action seeking collection has been filed or loans having payment obligations overdue for more than 180 calendar days, but less than 365 calendar days.
Irrecoverable   Loans in which payment obligations are more than one year overdue or the debtor is insolvent or in bankruptcy or liquidation.
Irrecoverable according to Central Bank’s Rules   Same criteria as for commercial loans in the Irrecoverable according to Central Bank Rules.

 

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Minimum Credit Provisions

The following minimum credit provisions are required to be made by Argentine banks in relation to the credit portfolio category:

 

Category   With Preferred
Guarantees
    Without Preferred
Guarantees
 

“Normal situation”

    1     1

“Under observation” and “Low risk”

    3     5

“Under negotiation or refinancing agreement”

    6     12

“Troubled” and “Medium Risk”

    12     25

“With high risk of insolvency” and “High Risk”

    25     50

“Irrecoverable”

    50     100

“Irrecoverable according to Central Bank’s Rules”

    100     100

The Superintendency may require additional provisioning if it determines that the current level is inadequate.

Financial institutions are entitled to record allowances for loan losses in amounts larger than those required by Central Bank Rules. In such cases and despite the existence of certain exceptions, recording a larger allowance for a commercial loan, to the extent the recorded allowance amount falls into the next credit portfolio category set forth by Central Bank Rules, shall automatically result in the corresponding debtor being re-categorized accordingly.

Minimum frequency for classification review

In accordance with Central Bank Rules financial institutions are required to develop procedures for the analysis of the credit facilities assuring an appropriate evaluation of a debtor’s financial situation and a periodic revision of its situation concerning objective and subjective conditions of all the risks taken. The procedures established have to be detailed in a manual called “Manual of Procedures for classification and allowances” which shall be permanently available for the Superintendency. The frequency of the review of existing classifications must answer to the importance considering all facilities. The classification analysis shall be duly documented. The classification review must include (i) clients whose credits (in Pesos and in foreign currency) exceed the lower of 1% of the financial institution’s RPC corresponding to prior month and Ps.4 million and (ii) at least 20% of the financial institution’s total active credit portfolio, which, if applicable, shall be completed by incorporating clients (in decreasing order) whose total indebtedness is inferior to the limits described in the preceding point (i).

In the case of commercial loans, applicable regulations require a minimum frequency of review. Such review must take place: (i) quarterly for clients with indebtedness equal or greater than 5% of the financial entity’s RPC for the prior month and (ii) semi-annually for clients whose indebtedness is (x) higher than the lower of 1% of the financial entity’s RPC for the prior month and Ps.4 million, and (y) lower than 5% of the financial entity’s RPC for the prior month. At the end of the first calendar semester, the total review under points (i) and (ii) should have covered no less than 50% of the financial entity’s commercial loan portfolio and, if less, it shall be completed by incorporating clients (in descending order) whose total indebtedness is inferior to the limits described in the preceding point (ii)(x).

In addition, financial institutions have to review the rating assigned to a debtor in certain instances, such as when another financial institution reduces the debtor classification in the “Credit Information Database” and grants 10% or more of the debtor’s total financing in the financial system. Only one-level discrepancy is allowed in relation to the information submitted by financial institutions to the “Credit Information Database” and the lower classification awarded by at least two other banks and total lending from such banks account for 40% or more of the total informed; if there is a greater discrepancy, the financial institution will be required to reclassify the debtor.

Allowances for loan losses

The allowance for loan losses is maintained in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements of the Central Bank. Increases in the allowance are based on the level of growth of the loan portfolio, as well as on the deterioration of the quality of existing loans, while decreases in the allowance are based on regulations requiring the write-off of non-performing loans classified as irrecoverable after a certain period of time and on decisions of the management to write off non-performing loans evidencing a very low probability of recovery.

Priority rights of depositors

Priority of Deposits Law No. 24,485, as amended, sets forth that in case of the judicial liquidation or bankruptcy of a bank, all depositors, irrespective of the type, amount or currency of their deposits, will be senior to the other remaining creditors (such as shareholders of the bank), with exceptions made for certain labor creditors (section 53 paragraphs “a” and “b”) and for those creditors backed by a pledge or mortgage, in the following order of priority: (a) deposits of up to Ps.350,000 per person (including any amount of such person deposited with a financial entity), or their equivalent in foreign currency; (b) any and all deposits higher than Ps.350,000, or their equivalent in foreign currency; and (c) the liabilities originated in commercial lines granted to the Bank and that directly affect international commerce. Furthermore, pursuant to section 53 of the Financial Institutions Law, as amended, Central Bank credits will have absolute priority over other credits, except for pledged or mortgaged credits, certain labor credits, the depositors’ credits as per section 49, paragraph e), points i) and ii), credits granted under section 17, paragraphs (b), (c) and (f) of the Central Bank’s Charter (including discount granted by financial entities due to temporary lack of liquidity, advances in favor of financial entities with security interest, assignment of rights, pledge or special assignment of certain assets) and credits granted by the Banking Liquidity Fund backed by pledge or mortgage. The amendment introduced to art. 35 bis of the Financial Institutions Law by Law No. 25,780 sets forth that if a bank is in a situation where the Central

 

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Bank may revoke its authorization to operate and become subject to dissolution or liquidation by judicial resolution, among the options that the Central Bank’s Board may decide by absolute majority, in the case of excluding assets and liabilities for their transfer in favor of financial trusts or other financial entities, the Central Bank may totally or partially exclude the liabilities mentioned in section 49, paragraph e), as well as its credits defined in section 53, observing the order of priority among its creditors. Regarding the partial exclusion, the order of priority of point e) art. 49 must be followed, without assigning, in any case, a differentiated treatment to liabilities of the same grade.

Mandatory deposit insurance system

Law No. 24,485 passed on April 12, 1995, as amended, created a Deposit Insurance System, or “SSGD,” which is mandatory for bank deposits, and delegated the responsibility for organizing and implementing the system to the Central Bank. The SSGD is a supplemental protection to the privilege granted to depositors by means of Section 49 of the Financial Institutions Law, as mentioned above.

The SSGD has been implemented through the establishment of a Deposit Guarantee Fund, or “FGD,” managed by a private-sector corporation called Seguro de Depósitos Sociedad Anónima, (Deposit Insurance Corporation, or “SEDESA”). According to Decree No. 1292/96, the shareholders of SEDESA are the government through the Central Bank and a trust set up by the participating financial institutions. These institutions must pay into the FGD a monthly contribution determined by Central Bank Rules. The SSGD is financed through regular and additional contributions made by financial institutions, as provided for in Central Bank Communication “A” 4271, dated December 30, 2004.

The SSGD covers deposits made by individuals and legal entities in Argentine or foreign currency and maintained in accounts with the participating financial institutions, including checking accounts, savings accounts, and time deposits up to the amount of Ps.350,000, as set forth by Central Bank Communication “A” 5659, dated October 31, 2014, as amended.

Effective payment on this guaranty will be made within 30 business days after revocation of the license of the financial institution in which the funds are held; such payment is subject to the exercise of the depositor’s priority rights described above.

In view of the circumstances affecting the financial system, Decree No. 214/2002 provided that SEDESA may issue registered securities for the purpose of offering them to depositors in payment of the guarantee in the event it should not have sufficient funds available.

The SSGD does not cover: (i) deposits maintained by financial institutions in other financial institutions, including certificates of deposit bought in the secondary market, (ii) deposits made by persons directly or indirectly affiliated with the institution, (iii) time deposits of securities, acceptances or guarantees, (iv) any transferable time deposits that have been transferred by endorsement, (v) any deposits benefiting from some incentive (e.g., car raffles) in addition to the agreed upon interest rate, and (vi) any deposits in which the agreed-upon interest rate is higher than the reference interest rates periodically released by the Central Bank for time deposits and demand deposit account balances and available amounts from overdue deposits or closed accounts.

Pursuant to Communication “A” 5710, every financial institution is required to contribute to the FGD a monthly amount of 0.06% of the monthly average of daily balances of deposits in local and foreign currency, as determined by the Central Bank. Prompt contribution of such amounts is a condition precedent to the continuing operation of the financial institution. The first contribution was made on May 24, 1995. The Central Bank may require financial institutions to advance the payment of up to the equivalent of two years of monthly contributions and debit the past due contributions from funds of the financial institutions deposited with the Central Bank. The Central Bank may require additional contributions by certain institutions, depending on its evaluation of the financial condition of those institutions.

When the contributions to the FGD reach the greater of Ps.2 billion or 5.0% of the total deposits of the system, the Central Bank may suspend or reduce the monthly contributions, and reinstate them when the contributions subsequently fall below that level.

Other restrictions

Pursuant to the Financial Institutions Law, financial institutions cannot create any kind of rights over their assets without the Central Bank’s authorization, nor enter into transactions with their directors, officers or affiliates in terms more favorable than arms-length transactions.

Capital markets

Law 26,831 (the “Capital Markets Law”), introduced substantial changes in markets, stock exchanges and the various agents operating in capital markets, in addition to certain amendments to the powers conferred to the CNV. On September 9, 2013, the CNV published Resolution No. 622/2013 (the “CNV Rules”) supplementing the Capital Markets Law. The CNV Rules have been in force since September 18, 2013 (i.e., 8 calendar days after its publication in the Official Gazette).

One of the most relevant modifications introduced by the Capital Markets Law and the CNV Rules is that agents and markets must comply with the CNV’s requirements for applying for an authorization to operate, as well as registration. It further provides that each category of agent must meet a minimum net worth and liquidity requirements.

Additionally, under the Capital Markets Law, the self-regulation of markets was eliminated, and authorization, supervision, control, as well as disciplinary and regulatory powers, are conferred to the CNV regarding all capital market players.

 

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Commercial banks may operate as both managers and custodians of Argentine mutual investment funds or fondos comunes de inversión; provided, however, that a bank may not act simultaneously as manager and depositary agent for the same fund.

Financial institutions with economic difficulties

The Financial Institutions Law provides that any financial institution, including a commercial bank, operating at less than certain required technical ratios and minimum net worth levels, in the judgment of the Central Bank adopted by members representing the majority of the board of directors, with impaired solvency or liquidity or in any of the other circumstances listed in Section 44 of the Financial Institutions Law, must (upon request from the Central Bank and in order to avoid the revocation of its license) prepare a restructuring plan or plan de regularización y saneamiento. The plan must be submitted to the Central Bank on a specified date, not later than 30 calendar days from the date on which a request to that effect is made by the Central Bank. Upon the institution’s failure to submit, secure regulatory approval of, or comply with, a restructuring plan, the Central Bank will be empowered to revoke the institution’s license to operate as such.

Furthermore, the Central Bank’s charter authorizes the Superintendency to fully or partially suspend, exclusively subject to the approval of the President of the Central Bank, the operations of a financial institution for a term of 30 days if the liquidity or solvency thereof is adversely affected. Such term could be renewed for up to 90 additional days, with the approval of the Central Bank’s board of directors. During such suspension term an automatic stay of claims, enforcement actions and precautionary measures is triggered, any commitment increasing the financial institution’s obligations shall be null and void, and debt acceleration and interest accrual shall be suspended. If per the Central Bank’s criteria a financial institution is undergoing a situation which, under the Financial Institutions Law, would authorize the Central Bank to revoke its license to operate as such, the Central Bank may, before considering such revocation, order a plan of restructuring that may consist of certain steps, including, among others: measures to capitalize or increase the capital of the financial institution; revoke any approval granted to the shareholders of the financial institution to hold interests therein; restructure or transfer assets and liabilities; grant temporary exemptions to comply with technical regulations or payment of charges and penalties arising from such flawed compliance; or appoint a delegate or auditor (“interventor”) that may prospectively replace the board of directors of the financial institution.

Revocation of the license to operate as a financial institution

The Central Bank may revoke the license to operate as a financial institution in case a restructuring plan has failed or is not deemed feasible, violations of local laws and regulations have been incurred, solvency or liquidity of the financial institution has been affected, significant changes have occurred in the institution’s condition since the original authorization was granted, or if any decision by the financial institution’s legal or corporate authorities concerning its dissolution has been adopted, among other circumstances set forth in the Financial Institutions Law.

Once the license to operate as a financial institution has been revoked, the financial institution shall be liquidated.

Liquidation of financial institutions

As provided in the Financial Institutions Law, the Central Bank must notify the revocation decision to a competent court, which will then determine who will liquidate the entity: the corporate authorities (extrajudicial liquidation) or an independent liquidator appointed by the court for that purpose (judicial liquidation). The court’s decision will be based on whether or not there is sufficient assurance that the corporate authorities are capable of carrying out such liquidation properly.

Bankruptcy of financial institutions

According to the Financial Institutions Law, financial institutions are not allowed to file their own bankruptcy petitions. In addition, the bankruptcy shall not be adjudged until the license to operate as financial institution has been revoked.

Once the license to operate as a financial institution has been revoked, a court of competent jurisdiction may adjudge the former financial institution in bankruptcy, or a petition in bankruptcy may be filed by the Central Bank or by any creditor of the bank, in this case after a period of 60 calendar days has elapsed since the license was revoked.

Once the bankruptcy of a financial institution has been adjudged, provisions of the Bankruptcy Law No. 24,522 (the “Bankruptcy Law”) and the Financial Institutions Law shall be applicable; provided however that in certain cases, specific provisions of the Financial Institutions Law shall supersede the provisions of the Bankruptcy Law (i.e. priority rights of depositors).

Merger, consolidation and transfer of goodwill

Merger, consolidation and transfer of goodwill may be arranged between entities of the same or different type and will be subject to the prior approval of the Central Bank. The new entity must submit a financial-economic structure profile justifying the transaction in order to obtain authorization from the Central Bank.

 

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Financial system restructuring unit

The Financial System Restructuring Unit was created to monitor the implementation of a strategic approach for those banks benefiting from financial assistance granted by the Central Bank. This unit is in charge of rescheduling maturities, determining restructuring strategies and action plans, approving transformation plans, and accelerating repayment of the facilities granted by the Central Bank.

Anti-money laundering

The concept of money laundering is generally used to denote transactions aimed at introducing funds from illicit activities in the institutional system and thus transform gains from illegal activities in assets of a seemingly legitimate source.

On April 13, 2000, the Argentine Congress passed Law No. 25,246, as amended by Laws No. 26,087, 26,119, 26,286, and 26,683 (together the “Anti-Money Laundering Law”), which sets forth an administrative criminal system and supersedes several sections of the Argentine Criminal Code related to money laundering. This law defines money laundering as a crime committed whenever a person converts, transfers, manages, sells, encumbers, or otherwise uses money, or any other assets, connected to a crime with the possible result that the original or substituted assets may appear to be of a legitimate origin, provided the value of the assets exceeds Ps.300,000, whether such amount results from one or more transactions. Also, money laundering is considered as a separate crime against the economic and financial order, independent from the legal concept of concealment, which is considered an offense against the public administration. Thus, money laundering is a crime which may be prosecuted independently, whether or not the money launderer took part in the preceding crime from which the proceeds of which are being laundered. In compliance with recommendations made by the FATF on money laundering prevention, on June 1, 2011 the Argentine Congress enacted Argentine Law No. 26,683. Under this law, money laundering is a crime per se, and laundering one’s own money is also penalized. Also, this law extends reporting duties to certain members of the private sector who were formerly not under such an obligation.

In addition, the Anti-Money Laundering Law created the UIF, under the Argentine Ministry of Justice, Security and Human Rights, which is responsible for the handling and transmitting of information in order to prevent the laundering of assets originated from: (i) crimes related to illegal trafficking and commercialization of narcotics (Law No. 23,737); (ii) crimes related to arms trafficking (Law No. 22,415); (iii) crimes related to the activities of an illegal association as defined in Section 210 bis of the Argentine Criminal Code; (iv) illegal acts committed by illegal associations (Section 210 of the Argentine Criminal Code) organized to commit crimes with political or racial objectives; (v) crimes of fraud against the Public Administration (Section 174, Paragraph 5 of the Argentine Criminal Code); (vi) crimes against the Public Administration under Chapters VI, VII, IX and IX bis of Title XI of the Second Book of the Argentine Criminal Code; (vii) crimes of underage prostitution and child pornography under Sections 125, 125 bis, 127 bis and 128 of the Argentine Criminal Code; (viii) crimes involving terrorist financing (Section 213 quarter of the Argentine Criminal Code); (ix) extortion (Section 168 of the Argentine Criminal Code), (x) crimes contemplated by Law No. 24,769; and (xi) human trafficking.

The Anti-Money Laundering Law, like anti-money laundering laws of other countries, does not designate sole responsibility to the Argentine government for the monitoring of these criminal activities, but rather also delegates certain duties to diverse private sector entities such as banks, shareholders, stock markets and insurance companies, which became legally bound reporting parties. These obligations essentially consist of information gathering functions, such as: (a) obtaining from clients documents that indisputably prove the identity, legal status, domicile and other information, concerning their operations needed to accomplish the intended activity (know your customer policy); (b) reporting to the UIF any transaction considered suspicious (as such term is explained below), as well as any transaction that lacks economic or legal justification, or is unnecessarily complex, whether performed on isolated occasions or repeatedly; and (c) keeping any monitoring activities in connection with a proceeding pursuant to the Anti-Money Laundering Law confidential from both clients and third parties.

Argentine financial institutions must comply with all applicable anti-money laundering regulations as provided by the UIF, the Central Bank, and, if applicable (as is the case of Banco Macro), by the CNV. In this regard, in accordance with Resolution No. 229/2014 of the UIF, both the Central Bank and the CNV are considered “Specific Control Organs”. In such capacity, they must cooperate with the UIF in the evaluation of the compliance with the anti–money laundering proceedings of the legally bound reporting parties subject to their control. In that respect, they are entitled to supervise, monitor and inspect such entities, and in considered necessary, to implement certain corrective measures and actions.

Resolution 121/2011 issued by the UIF, as amended (“Resolution 121”), is applicable to financial entities subject to the Financial Institutions Law, to entities subject to the Law No. 18,924, as amended, and to individuals and legal entities authorized by the Central Bank to intervene in the purchase and sale of foreign currency through cash or checks issued in foreign currency or through the use of credit or payment cards, or in the transfer of funds within or outside the national territory. Resolution No. 229/2011 of the UIF, as amended or supplemented by Resolutions No. 52/2012 and 140/2012 (“Resolution 229”), is applicable to brokers and brokerage firms, companies managing common investment funds, agents of the over-the-counter market, intermediaries in the purchase or leasing of securities affiliated with stock exchange entities with or without associated markets, and intermediary agents registered on forwards or option markets. Resolution 121 and Resolution 229 regulate, among others, the obligation to collect documentation from clients and the terms, obligations and restrictions for compliance with the reporting duty regarding suspicious money laundering and terrorism financing transactions.

Resolution 121 and Resolution 229 set forth general guidelines in connection with the client’s identification (including the distinction between occasional and regular clients), the information to be requested, the documentation to be filed and the procedures to detect and report suspicious transactions. Moreover, the main duties established by such resolutions are the following: a) to create a manual establishing the mechanisms and procedures to be used to prevent money laundering and terrorism financing; b) to appoint a member of the board of directors as compliance officer; c) to implement periodic audits; d) to offer personnel training; e) to create a record of detected

 

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unusual (as such term is explained below) and suspicious operations; f) to implement technological tools to allow the development of efficient control systems for prevention of money laundering and terrorism financing; g) to implement measures to allow persons obliged under Resolution 121 and Resolution 229, to electronically consolidate the transactions carried out with clients, and to develop electronic tools to identify certain behaviors and observe possible suspicious transactions, requesting information and, if applicable, supporting documents from its customers and h) to adopt reinforced identification methods applicable to customers with specific features as provided by applicable regulations Entities covered by Resolution 121 and Resolution 229, as legally bound reporting parties, must report any money laundering suspicious activity to the UIF within 150 calendar days of its occurrence (or attempt) and any terrorism financing suspicious activity before a 48 hours period of its occurrence (or attempt) has elapsed. However, pursuant to Resolution UIF 3/2014, within the maximum 150 calendar days period, entities covered by Resolution 121 and Resolution 229 must report any money laundering suspicious activity to the UIF within 30 calendar days as of the day on which any such activity is qualified as suspicious by such legally bound reporting party.

According to Resolution 121, unusual transactions are those attempted or consummated transactions, on a one-time or on a regular basis, without economic or legal justification, inconsistent with the economic and financial profile of the client, and which deviate from standard market practices, based on their frequency, regularity, amount, complexity, nature or other particular features. According to Resolution 229, an unusual transaction is one that, considering the suitability of the reporter in light of the activity it carries out, and the analysis made, may be suspicious of money laundering and financing terrorism. On other hand, under Resolution 121 and Resolution 229, suspicious transactions are those attempted or consummated transactions that, having been previously identified as unusual transactions by the legally bound reporting party, are inconsistent with the lawful activities declared by the client or, even if related to lawful activities, give rise to suspicion that they are linked or used to finance terrorism.

The Central Bank and the CNV must also comply with anti-money laundering regulations set forth by the UIF, including reporting suspicious transactions. In particular, the Central Bank must comply with UIF Resolution No. 12/2011, as supplemented, among others, by Resolutions No. 1/2012 and No 92/2012, which, among other things, sets forth the Central Bank’s obligation to evaluate the anti-money laundering controls implemented by Argentine financial institutions (with the limitation of the access to the reports and records of suspicious operations, which are, as aforementioned, confidential and subject only to the UIF’s supervision), and lists examples of what circumstances should be specially considered in order to stablish if a particular transaction may be considered unusual and eventually qualified as suspicious. The listed transactions must be particularly scrutinized by the Central Bank and include, among others, any transaction involving financial institutions, regular transactions involving securities (specially daily purchases and sales of the same amount of securities), capital contributions into financial institutions that have been paid-in in cash (or means other than bank transfers), and capital contributions by companies incorporated or domiciled in jurisdictions that do not allow for information relating to family relations of its shareholders, board members or members of its supervisory committee, deposits or withdrawals in cash for unusual amounts by entities or individuals that normally use checks or other financial instruments and/or whose declared business does not correspond with the type or amount of the transaction; subsequent cash deposits for small amounts that, in the aggregate, add up to a relevant sum; a single client holding numerous accounts that, in the aggregate, hold relevant sums inconsistent with such client’s declared business; transfers of funds for amounts inconsistent with the client’s business or usual kind of transaction; accounts with several authorized signatories that hold no apparent relation (in particular when domiciled or acting off-shore or in tax havens); clients that unexpectedly cancel loans; frequent cash deposits or withdrawals for relevant amounts without commercial justification. On the other hand, the CNV must comply with UIF Resolution No. 22/2011, as supplemented, among others, by Resolutions No. 1/2012 and No. 92/2012, which sets forth the CNV’s obligation to evaluate the anti-money laundering controls implemented by entities subject to its control (with the limitation of the access to the reports and records of suspicious operations, which are confidential and subject only to the UIF’s supervision), and also lists some examples of what circumstances should be specially considered in order to stablish if a particular transaction may be considered unusual and eventually qualified as suspicious.

Central Bank Rules require Argentine banks to take certain precautions to prevent money laundering. In this regard, Central Bank recommends financial institutions create an anti-money laundering committee, to assist in the compliance of the anti-money laundering regulations. Additionally, as mentioned, each financial institution must appoint a member of the board of directors as the person responsible for money laundering prevention, in charge of centralizing any information the Central Bank may require on its own initiative or at the request of any competent authority and reporting any suspicious transactions to the UIF. In addition, the guidelines issued by the Central Bank to detect unusual or suspected money laundering or terrorist financing transactions require the reporting of suspicious transactions, based on the resources of the entity subject to the reporting obligation and on the type of analysis performed. In particular, the following special circumstances, among others, shall be considered: (a) if the amount, type, frequency and nature of a transaction made by a customer bears no relationship to such customer’s previous history and financial activity; (b) amounts that are unusually high or transactions that are of a complexity and type not usual for the relevant customer; (c) if a customer refuses to provide information or documents required by the entity or the information furnished is found to have been altered; (d) if a customer fails to comply with any applicable regulation; (e) if a customer appears to show an unusual disregard for risks it may be assuming and/or costs involved in the transactions, and this is incompatible with the customer’s financial profile; (f) if a country or jurisdiction that is not a territory or associated state included in the cooperating countries list contained in Executive Decree No. 589/2013, section 2(b) is involved; (g) if a same address appears registered for different legal entities or the same natural persons have been empowered by and/or act as attorneys-in-fact for different legal entities and such circumstance is not justified by any financial or legal reason, in particular taking into account whether any such companies or entities are not organized, domiciled or resident in dominions, jurisdictions, territories or associated states included in the cooperating countries list contained in Executive Decree No. 589/2013, section 2(b), and their main business involves off-shore transactions; (h) if transactions of a similar nature, amount, type or which are conducted simultaneously, it may be presumed that a single transaction has been split into several for the purpose of avoiding the application of transaction detection and/or reporting procedures; (i) if continued profits or losses are derived from transactions repeatedly conducted between the same parties; or (j) if certain signs suggest an illegal source, handling or use of funds involved in the transactions, and the entity subject to the legal obligation does not have any explanation for this.

 

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Furthermore, pursuant to Communication “A” 5612 of the Central Bank, in force as of February 2015, Argentina financial institutions must comply with certain additional “know your customer policies”. In this sense, pursuant to such Communication, under no circumstance new commercial relationships could be initiated if the “know your customer policies” and the risk management legal standards have not been complied with. In addition, as per the existing clients: (i) if the “know your customer policies” could not be complied with, the Argentine financial institution must discontinue operations with such client (i.e. cease the relationship with the client in accordance with Central Bank’s regulations for each type of product) within 150 calendar days as of the notice of such circumstances; and (ii) if a certain operation is qualified as suspicious by the Argentine financial institution, operations must be discontinued with such client within 30 calendar days as of such qualification (certain exceptions are made as per special accounts, such as social security accounts, salaries accounts and free universal accounts, in where simplified due diligence procedures could be implemented). Furthermore, pursuant to this Communication, Argentine financial entities must keep the documentation related to the discontinuance for 10 years and include in their prevention manuals the detailed procedures to initiate and discontinue operations with clients in accordance with the above-mentioned additional “know your customer policies” implemented.

The CNV Rules (as amended in September 2013) include a specific chapter regarding “Prevention of Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism” and state that the persons set forth therein (including, among others, Negotiation Agents, Clearing and Settlement Agents (which are stockbrokers), and Distribution and Placement Agents) are to be considered legally bound reporting under the Anti-Money Laundering Law, and therefore must comply with all the laws and regulations in force in connection with anti-money laundering and terrorism financing, including resolutions issued by the UIF, presidential decrees referring to resolutions issued by the United Nations Security Council in connection with the fight against terrorism and the resolutions (and its annexes) issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In addition, CNV Rules impose certain restrictions in connection with payment arrangements (restricting, among others, to Ps.1,000 the cash amount that the entities set forth therein could receive or pay per day and per client) and impose certain reporting obligations.

In addition, the CNV Rules establish that the above-mentioned entities shall only be able to carry out any transactions therein contemplated under the public offering system, when such transactions are carried out or ordered by persons organized, domiciled or resident in dominions, jurisdictions, territories or associated States included in the cooperating countries list contained in Executive Decree No. 589/2013, section 2(b). When such persons are not included in such list and in their home jurisdiction qualify as registered intermediaries in an entity under control and supervision of a body that carries out similar functions to those carried out by the CNV, they will only be allowed to carry out such transactions if they provide evidence indicating that the relevant securities and exchange commission in their home jurisdiction has signed a memorandum of understanding for cooperation and exchange of information with the CNV.

For a thorough analysis of money laundering regulations in effect as of the date of this document, investors are advised to consult with their own legal counsel and to read Title XIII, Second Book of the Argentine Criminal Code and any regulations issued by the UIF, the CNV and the Central Bank in their entirety. For this purpose, interested parties may visit the websites of the Argentine Ministry of Economy and Public Finance, www.infoleg.gov.ar, the UIF, www.uif.gov.ar, the CNV, www.cnv.gob.ar or the Central Bank, www.bcra.gov.ar.

C. Organizational Structure

Subsidiaries

We have five subsidiaries: (i) Banco del Tucumán, our acquired retail and commercial banking subsidiary in the province of Tucumán; (ii) Macro Bank Limited, our subsidiary in the Bahamas through which we provide primarily private banking services; (iii) Macro Securities S.A., which is a member of the BCBA, and through which we provide investment research, securities trading and custodial services to our customers; (iv) Macro Fiducia S.A., a subsidiary that acts as trustee and provides financial advisory and analysis services; and (v) Macro Fondos S.G.F.C.I. S.A., an asset management subsidiary.

 

     Banco Macro’s
direct and indirect interest
 

Subsidiary

   Percentage of Capital Stock     Percentage of possible votes  

Banco del Tucumán S.A. (1)

     89.932     89.932

Macro Bank Limited (2)

     99.999     100.000

Macro Securities S.A. (1)

     99.921     99.932

Macro Fiducia S.A. (1)

     98.605     98.605

Macro Fondos S.G.F.C.I. S.A. (1)

     99.936     100.000

 

(1) Country of residence: Argentina
(2) Country of residence: Bahamas

D. Property, plants and equipment

Property

Banco Macro dedicates 25,146 square meters of office space to headquarters, where management, accounting and administrative personnel are located, of which 23,646 square meters are owned by the Bank and 1,500 square meters are leased. Our headquarters are distributed at the offices located in Sarmiento 341-355, 401-447,731-735, Perón 564 and Leandro N. Alem 1110, all in the City of Buenos Aires. As of December 31, 2014, we have a branch network consisted of 434 branches in Argentina, of which 185 were leased properties.

 

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In 2011 we acquired from the Government of the City of Buenos Aires a site located at Av. Eduardo Madero No. 1180, in the City of Buenos Aires, for an aggregate amount of Ps.110 million. The Bank has developed a project to build its new corporate offices on this site. Works were initiated in 2012 and are expected to be completed by 2017. The new corporate tower will be designed taking full advantage of natural light, using materials that do not adversely affect the environment and with an efficient use of the available energy. It will be built in compliance with the Leed International Sustainability Standards of the “U.S. Green Building Council”.

The building will have an area of 52,700 square meters and the Bank estimates that its project will require an investment of approximately US$160 million. As of December 31, 2014 the total aggregate amount invested was Ps.292.7 million (approximately US$40.8. million at the applicable exchange rates as of the respective dates of such investments).

Selected Statistical Information

The following information is included for analytical purposes and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements as well as Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects”. This information has been prepared from our financial records, which are maintained in accordance with the regulations established by the Central Bank and do not reflect adjustments necessary to state the information in accordance with U.S. GAAP. See Note 35 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014 for a summary of the significant differences between Central Bank Rules and U.S. GAAP.

Due to the modification of certain disclosure methods defined for certain items in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, certain figures have been restated for comparability purposes. See “Presentation of certain financial and other information.”

Average balance sheets, interest earned on interest-earning assets and interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities

The following tables show average balances, interest amounts and nominal rates for our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

 

    2012     2013     2014  
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Earned/
(Paid)
    Average
Nominal
Rate
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Earned/
(Paid)
    Average
Nominal
Rate
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Earned/
(Paid)
    Average
Nominal
Rate
 
    (in thousand of Pesos)  

ASSETS

                 

Interest-earning assets

                 

Government and private securities (1)

                 

Pesos

    3,856,772        301,436        7.82     2,892,521        283,493        9.80     8,322,927        1,971,981        23.69

Foreign currency

    368,669        14,872        4.03     741,385        34,498        4.65     1,654,116        47,449        2.87

Total

    4,225,441        316,308        7.49     3,633,906        317,991        8.75     9,977,043        2,019,430        20.24

Loans

                 

Private and financial Sector

                 

Pesos

    23,580,405        5,641,032        23.92     31,438,373        7,904,360        25.14     37,004,555        11,068,167        29.91

Foreign currency

    2,766,236        173,996        6.29     2,016,460        195,404        9.69     2,184,470        258,640        11.84

Total

    26,346,641        5,815,028        22.07     33,454,833        8,099,764        24.21     39,189,025        11,326,807        28.90

Public Sector

                 

Pesos

    377,297        66,534        17.63     575,666        132,437        23.01     610,798        201,470        32.98

Foreign currency

    0        0        0.00     0        0        0.00     0        0        0.00

Total

    377,297        66,534        17.63     575,666        132,437        23.01     610,798        201,470        32.98

Other assets

                 

Pesos

    2,665,835        291,727        10.94     2,141,519        283,594        13.24     1,893,423        131,748        6.96

Foreign currency

    830,723        11,279        1.36     937,545        11,163        1.19     1,010,274        31,904        3.16

Total

    3,496,558        303,006        8.67     3,079,064        294,757        9.57     2,903,697        163,652        5.64

Total interest-earning assets

                 

Pesos

    30,480,309        6,300,729        20.67     37,048,079        8,603,884        23.22     47,831,703        13,373,366        27.96

Foreign currency

    3,965,628        200,147        5.05     3,695,390        241,065        6.52     4,848,860        337,993        6.97

Total

    34,445,937        6,500,876        18.87     40,743,469        8,844,949        21.71     52,680,563        13,711,359        26.03

Non interest-earning assets

                 

Cash and due from banks

                 

Pesos

    1,579,250        0        —          2,040,616        0        —          2,710,272        0        —     

Foreign currency

    473,668        0        —          271,698        0        —          756,574        0        —     

Total

    2,052,918        0        —          2,312,314        0        —          3,466,846        0        —     

Investments in other companies

                 

Pesos

    9,424        0        —          11,124        0        —          11,595        0        —     

Foreign currency

    808        0        —          974        0        —          2,164        0        —     

Total

    10,232        0        —          12,098        0        —          13,759        0        —     

 

60


Table of Contents
    2012     2013     2014  
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Earned/
(Paid)
    Average
Nominal
Rate
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Earned/
(Paid)
    Average
Nominal
Rate
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Earned/
(Paid)
    Average
Nominal
Rate
 
    (in thousand of Pesos)  

Property and equipment and miscellaneous and intangible assets and items pending of allocation

                 

Pesos

    1,196,379        0        —          1,315,587        0        —          1,767,760        0        —     

Foreign currency

    0        0        —          0        0        —          0        0        —     

Total

    1,196,379        0        —          1,315,587        0        —          1,767,760        0        —     

Allowance for loan losses

                 

Pesos

    (659,369     0        —          (883,915     0        —          (1,038,264     0        —     

Foreign currency

    (54,731     0        —          (51,343     0        —          (57,546     0        —     

Total

    (714,100     0        —          (935,258     0        —          (1,095,810     0        —     

Other assets

                 

Pesos

    4,507,991        0        —          5,612,108        0        —          6,588,491        0        —     

Foreign currency

    3,293,245        0        —          4,208,338        0        —          4,431,135        0        —     

Total

    7,801,236        0        —          9,820,446        0        —          11,019,626        0        —     

Total non interest-earning assets

                 

Pesos

    6,633,675        0        —          8,095,520        0        —          10,039,854        0        —     

Foreign currency

    3,712,990        0        —          4,429,667        0        —          5,132,327        0        —     

Total

    10,346,665        0        —          12,525,187        0        —          15,172,181        0        —     

TOTAL ASSETS

                 

Pesos

    37,113,984        0        —          45,143,599        0        —          57,871,557        0        —     

Foreign currency

    7,678,618        0        —          8,125,057        0        —          9,981,187        0        —     

Total

    44,792,602        0        —          53,268,656        0        —          67,852,744        0        —     

LIABILITIES

                 

Interest-bearing liabilities

                 

Savings accounts

                 

Pesos

    4,680,210        33,491        0.72     6,237,331        40,872        0.66     7,714,543        49,175        0.64

Foreign currency

    1,045,192        798        0.08     1,106,136        685        0.06     1,741,369        594        0.03

Total

    5,725,402        34,289        0.60     7,343,467        41,557        0.57     9,455,912        49,769        0.53

Time deposits

                 

Pesos

    15,483,182        2,154,075        13.91     19,059,864        3,054,652        16.03     23,407,958        5,128,065        21.91

Foreign currency

    2,056,050        15,402        0.75     1,804,392        12,959        0.72     2,142,104        10,962        0.51

Total

    17,539,232        2,169,477        12.37     20,864,256        3,067,611        14.70     25,550,062        5,139,027        20.11

Borrowing from the Central Bank

                 

Pesos

    13,572        1,188        8.75     18,129        1,603        8.84     14,957        1,308        8.75

Foreign currency

    0        0        0.00     42        0        0.00     75        0        0.00

Total

    13,572        1,188        8.75     18,171        1,603        8.82     15,032        1,308        8.70

Borrowings from other financial institutions

                 

Pesos

    114,920        13,113        11.41     142,310        14,562        10.23     116,446        23,331        20.04

Foreign currency

    202,554        7,394        3.65     147,728        5,318        3.60     282,786        9,997        3.54

Total

    317,474        20,507        6.46     290,038        19,880        6.85     399,232        33,328        8.35

Corporate Bonds

                 

Pesos

    85,072        9,180        10.79     0        0        0.00     0        0        0.00

Foreign currency

    1,166,812        108,288        9.28     1,404,885        131,117        9.33     2,082,246        194,864        9.36

Total

    1,251,884        117,468        9.38     1,404,885        131,117        9.33     2,082,246        194,864        9.36

Other liabilities

                 

Pesos

    0        0        0.00     0        0        0.00     0        0        0.00

Foreign currency

    0        0        0.00     4,613        0        0.00     26,740        0        0.00

Total

    0        0        0.00     4,613        0        0.00     26,740        0        0.00

Total Interest-bearing liabilities

                 

Pesos

    20,376,956        2,211,047        10.85     25,457,634        3,111,689        12.22     31,253,904        5,201,879        16.64

Foreign currency

    4,470,608        131,882        2.95     4,467,796        150,079        3.36     6,275,320        216,417        3.45

Total

    24,847,564        2,342,929        9.43     29,925,430        3,261,768        10.90     37,529,224        5,418,296        14.44

Non-interest bearing liabilities and Shareholders’ equity

                 

Demand deposits

                 

Pesos

    10,068,548        0        —          12,594,928        0        —          15,741,946        0        —     

Foreign currency

    645,064        0        —          376,681        0        —          555,170        0        —     

Total

    10,713,612        0        —          12,971,609        0        —          16,297,116        0        —     

Other liabilities

                 

Pesos

    3,004,536        0        —          2,399,233        0        —          2,477,047        0        —     

Foreign currency

    672,252        0        —          567,517        0        —          1,037,833        0        —     

Total

    3,676,788        0        —          2,966,750        0        —          3,514,880        0        —     

 

61


Table of Contents
    2012     2013     2014  
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Earned/
(Paid)
    Average
Nominal
Rate
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Earned/
(Paid)
    Average
Nominal
Rate
    Average
Balance
    Interest
Earned/
(Paid)
    Average
Nominal
Rate
 
    (in thousand of Pesos)  

Minority Interest

                 

Pesos

    44,275        0        —          60,531        0        —          82,807        0        —     

Foreign currency

    0        0        —          0        0        —          3,014        0        —     

Total

    44,275        0        —          60,531        0        —          85,821        0        —     

Shareholders’ equity

                 

Pesos

    5,510,363        0        —          7,344,336        0        —          10,425,703        0        —     

Foreign currency

    0        0        —          0        0        —          0        0        —     

Total

    5,510,363        0        —          7,344,336        0        —          10,425,703        0        —     

Total non-interest bearing liabilities and shareholders’ equity

                 

Pesos

    18,627,722        0        —          22,399,028        0        —          28,727,503        0        —     

Foreign currency

    1,317,316        0        —          944,198        0        —          1,596,017        0        —     

Total

    19,945,038        0        —          23,343,226        0        —          30,323,520        0        —     

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

                 

Pesos

    39,004,678        0        —          47,856,662        0        —          59,981,407        0        —     

Foreign currency

    5,787,924        0        —          5,411,994        0        —          7,871,337        0        —     

Total

    44,792,602        0        —          53,268,656        0        —          67,852,744        0        —     

 

(1) Includes instruments issued by the Central Bank. The interest earned/paid includes changes due to mark-to-market of those securities.

Changes in interest income and interest expense; volume and rate analysis

The following tables allocate, by currency of denomination, changes in our interest income and interest expense segregated for each major category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities into amounts attributable to changes in their average volume and their respective nominal interest rates for fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011; for fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 and for fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 compared to fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.

 

    December 2012/December 2011     December 2013/December 2012     December 2014/December 2013  
    Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes in     Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes in     Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes in  
    (in thousands of Pesos)  
    Volume     Rate     Net Change     Volume     Rate     Net Change     Volume     Rate     Net Change  

ASSETS

                 

Interest-earning assets

                 

Government and private securities

                 

Pesos

    38,028        (164,916     (126,888     (75,241     57,298        (17,943     532,228        1,156,260        1,688,488   

Foreign currency

    3,472        1,232        4,704        15,006        4,620        19,626        42,471        (29,520     12,951   

Total

    41,500        (163,684     (122,184     (60,235     61,918        1,683        574,699        1,126,740        1,701,439   

Loans

                 

Private and financial Sector

                 

Pesos

    1,583,504        415,922        1,999,426        1,879,027        384,301        2,263,328        1,399,471        1,764,336        3,163,807   

Foreign currency

    6,749        56,765        63,514        (47,161     68,569        21,408        16,281        46,955        63,236   

Total

    1,590,253        472,687        2,062,940        1,831,866        452,870        2,284,736        1,415,752        1,811,291        3,227,043   

Public Sector

                 

Pesos

    3,889        39,832        43,721        34,956        30,947        65,903        8,082        60,951        69,033   

Foreign currency

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   

Total

    3,889        39,832        43,721        34,956        30,947        65,903        8,082        60,951        69,033   

Other assets

                 

Pesos

    190,947        (25,243     165,704        (57,445     49,312        (8,133     (32,855     (118,991     (151,846

Foreign currency

    (25,793     2,094        (23,699     1,472        (1,588     (116     866        19,875        20,741   

Total

    165,154        (23,149     142,005        (55,973     47,724        (8,249     (31,989     (99,116     (131,105

 

62


Table of Contents
    December 2012/December 2011     December 2013/December 2012     December 2014/December 2013  
    Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes in     Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes in     Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes in  
    (in thousands of Pesos)  
    Volume     Rate     Net Change     Volume     Rate     Net Change     Volume     Rate     Net Change  

Total interest-earning assets

                 

Pesos

    1,816,368        265,595        2,081,963        1,781,297        521,858        2,303,155        1,906,926        2,862,556        4,769,482   

Foreign currency

    (15,572     60,091        44,519        (30,683     71,601        40,918        59,618        37,310        96,928   

Total

    1,800,796        325,686        2,126,482        1,750,614        593,459        2,344,073        1,966,544        2,899,866        4,866,410   

LIABILITIES

                 

Interest-bearing liabilities

                 

Savings accounts

                 

Pesos

    8,188        771        8,959        11,418        (4,037     7,381        9,680        (1,377     8,303   

Foreign currency

    (10     (47     (57     87        (200     (113     393        (484     (91

Total

    8,178        724        8,902        11,505        (4,237     7,268        10,073        (1,861     8,212   

Time deposits

                 

Pesos

    649,046        292,571        941,617        497,152        403,425        900,577        696,853        1,376,560        2,073,413   

Foreign currency

    (4,180     4,329        149        (1,869     (574     (2,443     2,425        (4,422     (1,997

Total

    644,866        296,900        941,766        495,283        402,851        898,134        699,278        1,372,138        2,071,416   

Borrowing from the Central Bank

                 

Pesos

    1,155        (6     1,149        398        17        415        (280     (15     (295

Foreign currency

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   

Total

    1,155        (6     1,149        398        17        415        (280     (15     (295

Borrowings from other financial institutions

                 

Pesos

    (8,095     2,935        (5,153     3,125        (1,676     1,449        (2,647     11,416        8,769   

Foreign currency

    3,511        2,168        5,679        (2,002     (74     (2,076     4,862        (183     4,679   

Total

    (4,584     5,103        526        1,123        (1,750     (627     2,215        11,233        13,448   

Corporate Bonds

                 

Pesos

    (12,085     80        (12,005     (9,180     0        (9,180     0        0        0   

Foreign currency

    10,008        206        10,214        22,085        744        22,829        63,218        529        63,747   

Total

    (2,077     286        (1,791     12,905        744        13,649        63,218        529        63,747   

Total Interest-bearing liabilities

                 

Pesos

    638,209        296,351        934,560        502,913        397,729        900,642        703,606        1,386,584        2,090,190   

Foreign currency

    9,329        6,656        15,985        18,301        (104     18,197        70,898        (4,560     66,338   

Total

    647,538        303,007        950,545        521,214        397,625        918,839        774,504        1,382,024        2,156,528   

Interest-earning assets: net interest margin and spread

The following table analyzes, by currency of denomination, the levels of our average interest-earning assets and net interest income, and illustrates the comparative margins and spreads for each of the years indicated.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2012     2013     2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos, except percentages)  

Average interest-earning assets

      

Pesos

     30,480,309       37,048,079        47,831,703   

Foreign currency

     3,965,628       3,695,390        4,848,860   

Total

     34,445,937       40,743,469        52,680,563   

Net interest income (1)

      

Pesos

     4,089,682       5,492,195        8,171,487   

Foreign currency

     68,265       90,986        121,576   

Total

     4,157,947       5,583,181        8,293,063   

Net interest margin (2)

      

Pesos

     13.42     14.82     17.08

Foreign currency

     1.72     2.46     2.51

Weighted average rate

     12.07     13.70     15.74

Yield spread nominal basis (3)

      

Pesos

     9.82     11.00     11.32

Foreign currency

     2.10     3.16     3.52

Weighted average rate

     9.44     10.81     11.59

 

(1) Defined as interest earned less interest paid. Trading results from our portfolio of government and private securities are included in interest.
(2) Net interest income (including income from government and private securities) divided by average interest-earning assets.
(3) Defined as the difference between the average nominal rate on interest-earning assets and the average nominal rate on interest- bearing liabilities.

 

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Investment portfolio: government and private securities

We own, manage and trade a portfolio of securities issued by the Argentine and other governments and private issuers. The following table analyzes, by currency of denomination, our investments in Argentine and other governments and private securities as of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014. Securities are stated before deduction of allowances.

 

     Years Ended December 31,  
     2012      2013      2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Government securities

        

In Pesos:

        

Government securities at market value (1)

        

Discount bonds at 5.83% – Maturity: 2033

     62,879         26,176         862,088   

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 2.00% – Maturity: 2017

     —           —           494,833   

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 2.00% – Maturity: 2016

     —           —           377,042   

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 3.00% – Maturity: 2015

     124,044         471,066         227,525   

Secured bonds under Presidential Decree No. 1,579/02 at 2% – Maturity: 2018

     71,649         308,235         111,749   

Consolidation bonds – 7° Serie – Maturity: 2016

     —           3,427         87,251   

Consolidation bonds – 8° Serie – Maturity: 2022

     49         3,381         65,085   

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 2.50% – Maturity: 2019

     —           —           38,560   

Consolidation bonds – 6° Serie at 2% – Maturity: 2024

     38,789         17,663         21,636   

Consolidation bonds – 4° Serie at 2% – Maturity: 2016

     217         662         503   

Others

     629,077         275,424         429   

Subtotal Government securities at market value

     926,704         1,106,034         2,286,701   

Government securities at amortized cost

        

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 2.50% – Maturity: 2019

     —           —           161,937   

Province of Entre Ríos Treasury Bills– Maturity: 2016

     —           —           25,487   

Province of Chaco Treasury Bills – Maturity: 2015

     —           —           15,453   

Province of Tucumán bonds – 1° Serie – Maturity: 2018

     2,775         4,225         3,407   

Others

     174,076         98,759         —     

Subtotal Government securities at amortized cost

     176,851         102,984         206,284   

Instruments Issued by Central Bank of Argentina (2)

        

Listed Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

     251,387         12,980         3,820,548   

Unlisted Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

     361,502         160,051         1,618,630   

Subtotal Instruments Issued by Central Bank

     612,889         173,031         5,439,178   

Total Government securities in Pesos

     1,716,444         1,382,049         7,932,163   

In Foreign currency:

        

Government securities at market value (1)

        

Treasury Bills – Maturity: 2015

     —           —           769,679   

Federal government bonds at 7% – Maturity: 2015

     10,484         44,193         121,453   

Federal government bonds at 1.75% – Maturity: 2016

     —           —           80,099   

Federal government bonds at 2.40% – Maturity: 2018

     —           —           59,796   

Debt Securities Class 1 - Chubut development and infraestructure bond at 4% – Maturity: 2019

     —           —           36,636   

Debt Securities of the Province of Neuquén – Serie 1 – Maturity: 2016

     —           50,566         30,766   

Federal government bonds at 7% – Maturity: 2017

     2,998         159,817         27,313   

Debt Securities of the Province of Entre Ríos Class I – Maturity: 2016

     —           —           21,730   

Others

     416,836         657,159         35,443   

Subtotal Government securities at market value

     430,318         911,735         1,182,915   

Government securities at amortized cost

        

Argentine saving bond for the economy development at 4% – Maturity: 2016

     —           98,437         129,184   

Province of Tucumán bonds – 2° Serie at 9.45% – Maturity: 2015

     4,972         1,281         834   

Secured Province of Neuquén Treasury Bills Class 1 – Maturity: 2014

     146,341         37,435         —     

Debt Securities Class 1 - Chubut development and infraestructure bond at 4% – Maturity: 2019

     —           10,376         —     

Debt Securities Series II Fixed rate for 360-day term – Marutity: 2013

     25,010         —        

Subtotal Government securities at amortized cost

     176,323         147,529         130,018   

Instruments Issued by Central Bank of Argentina (2)

        

Unlisted Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

     —           —           290,747   

Subtotal Instruments Issued by Central Bank

     —           —           290,747   

Total Government securities in foreign currency

     606,641         1,059,264         1,603,680   

Total Government securities

     2,323,085         2,441,313         9,535,843   

Investments in Listed Private Securities

        

In Pesos:

        

Mutual Funds

     23,563         41,084         88,047   

Shares

     8,799         3         776,655   

 

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Table of Contents
     Years Ended December 31,  
     2012      2013      2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

In Foreign currency:

        

Mutual Funds

     15         17         20   

Shares

     11,194         —           —     

Total Private securities

     43,571         41,104         864,722   

Total Government and Private securities

     2,366,656         2,482,417         10,400,565   

Investments in Unlisted Private Securities

        

In Pesos:

        

Certificates of Participation in Financial Trusts (3)

     302,961         297,738         244,965   

Debt Securities in Financial Trusts

     396,051         393,859         134,048   

Corporate Bonds (4)

     8,311         68,404         284,399   

In Foreign currency:

        

Certificates of Participation in Financial Trusts (3)

     110,576         —           —     

Debt Securities in Financial Trusts

     30,221         30,540         34,337   

Corporate Bonds (4)

     133,249         202,286         179,417   

Total Investments in Unlisted Private Securities

     981,369         992,827         877,166   

Total

     3,348,025         3,475,244         11,277,731   

 

(1) As of December 31, 2014 the book value and market value of instruments issued by the Argentine government amounted to Ps.2,585,596 (not including Treasury bills, Central Bank bills and notes, and provincial debt securities).
(2) As of December 31, 2014 the book value and market value of instrument issued by Central Bank of Argentina amounted to Ps.5,729,925 and Ps.5,732,299, respectively.
(3) The Bank booked allowances for impairment in value amounting to Ps.223,831 thousand, Ps.225,270 thousand and Ps.223,832 thousand as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
(4) The Bank booked allowances for uncollectivility and impairment in value amounting to Ps.8,743 thousand, Ps.4,084 thousand and Ps.6,034 thousand as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Remaining maturity of government and private securities

The following table analyzes the remaining maturities of our investment portfolio as of December 31, 2014 in accordance with issuance terms (before allowances).

 

    

Maturing

within 1
year

    

Maturing

after 1

year but
within 5
years

    

Maturing

after 5
years but
within 10
years

    

Maturing

after 10
years

     Without
due
date
     Total  
     Book Value (in thousands of Pesos, except percentages)  

In Pesos:

                 

Government securities at market value

                 

Discount bonds at 5.83% – Maturity: 2033

     —           —           86,209         775,879         —           862,088   

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 2.00% – Maturity: 2017

     —           494,833         —           —           —           494,833   

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 2.00% – Maturity: 2016

     —           377,042         —           —           —           377,042   

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 3.00% – Maturity: 2015

     227,525         —           —           —           —           227,525   

Secured bonds under Presidential Decree No. 1,579/02 at 2% – Maturity: 2018

     35,138         76,611         —           —           —           111,749   

Consolidation bonds – 7° Serie – Maturity: 2016

     65,438         21,813         —           —           —           87,251   

Consolidation bonds – 8° Serie – Maturity: 2022

     —           6,509         58,576         —           —           65,085   

Federal government bonds at 2.5% – Maturity: 2019

     —           38,560         —           —           —           38,560   

Consolidation bonds – 6° Serie at 2% – Maturity 2024

     2,329         9,316         9,991         —           —           21,636   

Consolidation bonds – 4° Serie at 2% – Maturity: 2016

     501         2         —           —           —           503   

Others

     33         —           6         390         —           429   

Government securities at amortized cost

                 

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 2.50% – Maturity: 2019

     —           161,937         —           —           —           161,937   

Province of Entre Ríos Treasury Bills – 1° Serie – Maturity: 2016

     —           25,487         —           —           —           25,487   

Province of Chaco Treasury Bills – Maturity: 2015

     15,453         —           —           —           —           15,453   

Province of Tucumán bonds – 1° Serie – Maturity: 2018

     1,071         2,336         —           —           —           3,407   

Instruments Issued by Central Bank of Argentina (2)

                 

Listed Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

     3,820,548         —           —           —           —           3,820,548   

Unlisted Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

     1,618,630         —           —           —           —           1,618,630   

Total Government securities in Pesos

     5,786,666         1,214,446         154,782         776,269         —           7,932,163   

In Foreign currency:

                 

Government securities at market value

                 

Treasury Bill – Maturity: 2015

     769,679         —           —           —           —           769,679   

Federal government bonds at 7% – Maturity: 2015

     121,453         —           —           —           —           121,453   

Federal government bonds at 1.75% – Maturity: 2016

     —           80,099         —           —           —           80,099   

Federal government bonds at 2.40% – Maturity: 2018

     —           59,796         —           —           —           59,796   

Debt Securities Class 1 – Chubut development and infraestructure bond at 4% – Maturity: 2019

     —           36,636         —           —           —           36,636   

Debt Securities of the Province of Neuquén – Serie 1 – Maturity: 2016

     20,508         10,258         —           —           —           30,766   

Federal government bonds at 7% – Maturity: 2017

     —           27,313         —           —           —           27,313   

Debt Securities of the Province of Entre Ríos Class I – Maturity: 2016

     12,258         9,472         —           —           —           21,730   

Others

     20,584         4,821         1         10,037         —           35,443   

 

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Government securities at amortized cost

             

Argentine saving bond for the economy development at 4%– Maturity: 2016

     —          129,184        —          —          —           129,184   

Province of Tucumán bonds – 2° Serie at 9.45% – Maturity: 2015

     834        —          —          —          —           834   

Instruments Issued by Central Bank of Argentina (2)

             

Unlisted Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

     290,747        —          —          —          —           290,747   

Total Government securities in foreign currency

     1,236,063        357,579        1        10,037        —           1,603,680   

Total Government securities

     7,022,729        1,572,025        154,783        786,306        —           9,535,843   

Weighted average rate (1)

     21.88     21.66     11.12     8.97     

Private securities

             

Investments in listed private securities

             

In Pesos:

             

Mutual Funds

     88,047        —          —          —          —           88,047   

Shares

     —          —          —          —          776,655         776,655   

In foreign currency:

             

Mutual Funds

     20        —          —          —          —           20   

Shares

     —          —          —          —          —           —     

Investments in Unlisted private securities

             

In Pesos:

             

Certificates of Participation in Financial Trusts (3)

     8,804        2,209        —          10,121        223,831         244,965   

Debt Securities in Financial Trusts

     102,418        31,630        —          —          —           134,048   

Corporate Bonds (4)

     84,660        199,739        —          —          —           284,399   

In Foreign currency:

             

Certificates of Participation in Financial Trusts (3)

     —          —          —          —          —           —     

Debt Securities in Financial Trusts

     6,863        23,699        3,775        —          —           34,337   

Corporate Bonds (4)

     48,636        130,781        —          —          —           179,417   

Total Private securities

     339,448        388,058        3,775        10,121        1,000,486         1,741,888   

Weighted average rate (1)

     13.53     17.54     1.08       

 

(1) Effective yield based on December 31, 2014 quoted market values.
(2) As of December 31, 2014, “Instruments Issued by the Central Bank” includes Ps.2,758,329 thousand to fall due in 30 days, Ps.1,648,869 thousand to fall due in 60 days, Ps.891,639 thousand to fall due in 90 days, Ps.421,421 thousand to fall due in 180 days and Ps.9,667 thousand to fall due in 360 days.
(3) The Bank booked allowances for impairment in value amounting to Ps.223,831 thousand as of December 31, 2014.
(4) The Bank booked allowances for uncollectibility risk and impairment in value amounting to Ps.8,743 thousand as of December 31, 2014.

Loan portfolio

The following table analyzes our loan portfolio (without considering leasing agreements) by type as of December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

 

     As of December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012     2013     2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

To the non-financial government sector

     336,430        336,189        586,557        640,158        604,417   

To the financial sector (1)

     155,701        343,282        299,250        364,897        213,867   

To the non-financial private sector and foreign residents

          

Overdrafts (2)

     2,032,986        2,712,718        4,280,640        4,449,988        3,385,551   

Documents (3)

     1,805,226        3,178,058        3,651,390        4,320,772        4,627,375   

Mortgage loans

     902,734        1,142,944        1,508,463        2,308,916        2,466,073   

Pledged loans (4)

     347,321        667,102        928,693        1,429,414        1,857,121   

Consumer loans (5)

     7,355,625        12,092,079        15,551,778        20,715,186        25,310,403   

Other loans

     3,302,223        4,158,915        4,808,641        5,206,630        5,835,233   

Accrued Interest, adjustments, foreign exchange and quoted price differences receivables

     216,888        360,245        570,281        779,436        831,683   

Less: Unearned discounts

     (30,121     (74,050     (95,940     (186,547     (205,384

Less: Allowances

     (514,910     (599,224     (887,156     (1,006,495     (1,186,044

Total Loans

     15,910,103        24,318,258        31,202,597        39,022,355        43,740,295   

 

(1) Includes loans to financial institutions, interfinancing (granted call) and other financing to Argentine financial institutions.
(2) Includes overdraft lines of credit resulting from checking accounts.
(3) Includes the face values of drafts, promissory notes and other bills transferred to us by endorsement for which the assignor is liable, whenever the latter is an Argentine resident within the non- financial private sector.
(4) Includes the principal amounts actually lent of automobile and other collateral granted, for which the obligor is part of the non-financial private sector and productive investment loans.
(5) Includes personal loans, credit card loans and other consumer loans. Overdrafts to individuals are included under “Overdrafts”.

 

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Maturity composition of the loan portfolio

The following table analyzes our loan portfolio as of December 31, 2014 by type and by the time remaining to maturity. Loans are stated before deduction of the allowance for loan losses. We expect most loans to be repaid at maturity in cash or through refinancing at market terms.

 

     Maturing  
     Amount as of
December 31, 2014
   

Within

1 Year

   

After

1 Year but
Within

5 Years

   

After

5 Years

 
     (in thousands of Pesos, except percentages)  

To the non-financial government sector

     604,417        195,436        408,981        0  

To the financial sector (1)

     213,867        178,584        35,283        0  

To the non-financial private sector and foreign residents

        

Overdrafts (2)

     3,512,812        3,512,793        19        0  

Documents (3)

     4,558,963        4,557,208        1,717        38  

Mortgage loans

     2,549,795        1,139,944        1,269,593        140,258  

Pledged loans (4)

     1,893,159        740,505        1,152,654        0  

Consumer loans (5)

     25,605,126        14,670,728        10,928,089        6,309  

Other loans

     5,988,200        4,625,239        1,342,402        20,559  

Total Loans

     44,926,339        29,620,437        15,138,738        167,164  

Percentage of total loan portfolio

     100     66     34     0

 

(1) Includes loans to financial institutions, interfinancing (granted call) and other financing to Argentine financial institutions.
(2) Includes overdrafts lines of credit resulting from checking accounts.
(3) Includes the face value of drafts, promissory notes and other bills transferred to us by endorsement for which the assignor is liable, whenever the latter is an Argentine resident within the non- financial private sector.
(4) Includes the principal amount actually lent of automobile and other collateral granted, for which the obligator is part of the non- financial private sector and productive investment loans.
(5) Includes personal loans, credit card loans and other consumer loans. Overdrafts to individuals are included under “Overdrafts”.

Interest rate sensitivity of outstanding loans

The following table presents the interest rate sensitivity of our outstanding loans with maturities over one year as of December 31, 2014:

 

     As of December 31, 2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Loans with maturities over one year:

  

Variable Rate

  

To the non-financial government sector

     408,906   

To the financial sector

  

To the non-financial private sector and foreign residents

     2,289,510   

Total

     2,698,416   

Fixed rate

  

To the non-financial government sector

     75   

To the financial sector

     35,283   

To the non-financial private sector and foreign residents

     12,572,128   

Total

     12,607,486   

Total Loans with maturities over one year

     15,305,902   

Loans—portfolio classification

The following table presents our loan portfolio, before deduction of the allowance for loan losses, using the classification system of the Central Bank in effect at the end of each year:

 

     As of December 31,  
Loan Portfolio    2010     2011     2012     2013     2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos, except percentages)  

Categories

                    

1 – Normal situation/ Performing

     15,946,416         97.09     24,360,917         97.78     31,096,866         96.91 %     38,927,002         97.25     43,634,978         97.13

2 – Subject to special monitoring –in observation- in negotiation or with rollover agreement/ Low risk

     132,797         0.81     180,080         0.72     421,981         1.31 %     438,254         1.10     414,729         0.92

3 – Troubled/Medium risk

     73,403         0.45     155,686         0.62     203,545         0.63 %     245,887         0.61     325,499         0.72

4 – With high risk of insolvency/ High risk

     161,072         0.98     155,612         0.62     185,723         0.58 %     345,494         0.86     449,355         1.00

5 – Irrecoverable

     110,914         0.67     64,797         0.26     181,502         0.57 %     71,926         0.18     101,574         0.23

6 – Irrecoverable according to Central Bank’s Rules

     411         0.00     390         0.0     136         0.00 %     287         0.00     204         0.00

Total Loans

     16,425,013         100.00     24,917,482         100.00     32,089,753         100.00 %     40,028,850         100.00     44,926,339         100.00

For the explanation of each category please see “Argentine banking regulation—Liquidity and Solvency Requirements—Debt classification and loan loss provisions”.

 

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Non-performing loans

The following table presents our non-performing loan portfolio, before deduction of the allowance for loan losses, using the loan classification criteria of the Central Bank in effect, at the end of each year:

 

     As of December 31,  
Non-performing loans    2010      2011      2012      2013      2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

With preferred guarantees

     43,221         37,419         45,260         104,181         203,224   

Unsecured

     302,579         339,066         525,646         559,413         673,408   

Total non-performing loans

     345,800         376,485         570,906         663,594         876,632   

For additional information on non-accrual loans, past due loans and restructured loans please see note 35.4.c) and d) to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

Analysis of the allowance for loan losses

The table below sets forth the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012     2013     2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Balance at the beginning of the year

     448,045       514,910       599,224        887,156        1,006,495   

Provisions for loan losses

     254,010        290,651        688,966        707,370        757,445   

Charge off (1)

     (187,145     (206,337     (401,034     (588,031     (577,896

Overdrafts

     (14,857     (11,793     (23,288     (49,973     (46,794

Documents

     (7,523     (4,703     (6,695     (10,819     (131

Mortgage loans

     (4,337     (2,999     (11,951     (9,617     (4,321

Pledged loans

     (911     (2,945     (5,766     (4,550     (3,703

Consumer loans

     (134,061     (111,209     (315,331     (464,967     (450,178

Other

     (25,456     (72,688     (38,003     (48,105     (72,769

Balance at the end of year

     514,910       599,224       887,156        1,006,495        1,186,044   

Charge-off/average loans (1)

     1.45     1.03     1.48     1.73     1.47

 

(1) Charge-off includes reversals.

Under Central Bank Rules, non-performing loans must be charged-off seven months after such loans were classified as “irrecoverable without preferred guaranties” and fully provisioned. Pursuant to the current regulations, we charge-off non-performing loans on the next month following the date on which such circumstances are verified. Such debts are registered in off-balance sheet accounts as the Bank continues with collection efforts.

Allocation of the allowances for loan losses

The following table allocates the allowance for loan losses by each category of loans and sets forth the percentage distribution of the total allowance for each of the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

 

    As of December 31,  
    2010     2011     2012     2013     2014  
    (in thousands of Pesos, except percentages)  

Overdrafts

    37,757        7.33     59,136        9.87     111,419        12.56 %     122,006        12.12      84,162        7.10

Documents

    31,403        6.10     49,061        8.19     58,493        6.59 %     82,751        8.22     100,213        8.45

Mortgage loans

    24,016        4.66     25,800        4.31     30,126        3.40 %     48,361        4.80     67,760        5.71

Pledged loans

    10,971        2.13     13,075        2.18     16,772        1.89 %     23,258        2.31     31,064        2.62

Consumer loans

    269,281        52.30     351,887        58.72     503,441        56.75 %     584,583        58.08     736,390        62.09

Other loans

    141,482        27.48     100,265        16.73     166,905        18.81 %     145,536        14.46     166,455        14.03

Total allowances

    514,910        100.00     599,224        100.00     887,156        100.00 %     1,006,495        100.00     1,186,044        100.00

 

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Loans by economic activities

The table below analyzes our loan portfolio according to the borrowers’ main economic activity as of December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

 

    As of December 31,  
    2010     2011     2012     2013     2014  
    (in thousands of Pesos, except percentages)  
    Loan
Portfolio
    % of
Loan
Portfolio
    Loan
Portfolio
    % of
Loan
Portfolio
    Loan
Portfolio
    % of
Loan
Portfolio
    Loan
Portfolio
    % of
Loan
Portfolio
    Loan
Portfolio
    % of
Loan
Portfolio
 

Retail Loans

    6, 512,629        39.65     10,611,776        42.59     13,432,743        41.86     17,762,834        44.38     21,299,813        47.41

Agricultural livestock- Forestry- Fishing- Mining- Hunting

    2,286,297        13.92     3,201,824        12.85     4,191,012        13.06     4,155,033        10.38     4,526,591        10.08

Construction

    1,009,744        6.15     1,456,323        5.84     1,594,771        4.97     1,767,016        4.41     2,266,493        5.04

Other services

    1,281,916        7.80     1,808,807        7.26     1,920,122        5.98     1,682,547        4.20     2,027,874        4.51

Retail and consumer products

    1,140,019        6.94     1.840.756        7.39     2,260,041        7.04     3,484,567        8.71     4,036,678        8.98

Foodstuff and beverages

    917,874        5.59     1.178.894        4.73     2,393,940        7.46     2,894,059        7.23     2,542,659        5.66

Financial Services

    387,074        2.36     691.460        2.77     760,903        2.37     828,678        2.07     632,579        1.41

Governmental services

    418,026        2.55     480,892        1.93     764,150        2.38     870,545        2.17     1,211,314        2.70

Real estate, business and leases

    357,865        2.18     383,209        1.54     527,821        1.64     739,238        1.85     770,437        1.71

Transportation, storage and communications

    488,356        2.97     565,384        2.27     871,237        2.72     1,299,210        3.25     1,240,657        2.76

Manufacturing and wholesales

    302,927        1.84     603,487        2.42     754,009        2.35     1,247,855        3.12     1,022,551        2.28

Chemicals

    455,313        2.77     441,458        1.77     883,970        2.75     1,097,191        2.74     1,391,433        3.10

Electricity, oil, water

    92,475        0.56     190,792        0.77     210,974        0.66     164,620        0.41     178,516        0.40

Hotels and restaurants

    27,866        0.17     39,261        0.16     93,902        0.29     184,876        0.46     166,216        0.37

Other

    746,632        4.55     1,423,159        5.71     1,430,158        4.46     1,850,581        4.62     1,612,528        3.59

Total Loans

    16,425,013        100.00     24,917,482        100.00     32,089,753        100.00     40,028,850        100.00     44,926,339        100.00

Deposits

The following table sets out the composition of each category of deposits that exceeded 10% of average total deposits in each of the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2012     2013     2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Deposits in Domestic Bank Offices

      

Non-interest-bearing Demand Deposits (1)

      

Average

      

Pesos

     10,068,076       12,593,823        15,739,885   

Foreign currency

     644,521       376,203        554,238   

Total

     10,712,597       12,970,026        16,294,123   

Saving Accounts

      

Average

      

Pesos

     4,680,210       6,237,331        7,714,543   

Foreign currency

     449,401       312,880        380,361   

Total

     5,129,611       6,550,211        8,094,904   

Average nominal rate

      

Pesos

     0.72 %     0.66     0.64

Foreign currency

     0.11 %     0.06     0.02

Total

     0.66 %     0.63     0.61

 

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Table of Contents
     Year Ended December 31,  
     2012     2013     2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Time Deposits

      

Average

      

Pesos

     15,483,182       19,059,864        23,407,958   

Foreign currency

     1,837,111       1,637,447        1,916,721   

Total

     17,320,293       20,697,311        25,324,679   

Average nominal rate

      

Pesos

     13.91 %     16.03     21.91

Foreign currency

     0.78 %     0.74     0.52

Total

     12.52     14.82     20.29

Deposits in Foreign Bank Offices

      

Non-interest-bearing Demand Deposits

      

Average

      

Pesos

     472        1,105        2,061   

Foreign currency

     543       478        932   

Total

     1,015       1,583        2,993   

Saving Accounts

      

Average

      

Foreign currency

     595,791        793,256        1,361,008   

Total

     595,791        793,256        1,361,008   

Average nominal rate

      

Foreign currency

     0.05     0.06     0.04

Total

     0.05     0.06     0.04

Time Deposits

      

Average

      

Foreign currency

     218,939        166,945        225,383   

Total

     218,939        166,945        225,383   

Average nominal rate

      

Foreign currency

     0.47     0.51     0.47

Total

     0.47     0.51     0.47

 

(1) Non-interest-bearing demand deposits consist of checking accounts.

Maturity of deposits at December 31, 2014

The following table sets forth information regarding the maturity of our deposits at December 31, 2014.

 

     Maturing  
     Total      Within 3
Months
     After 3
but Within
6 Months
     After 6
but Within
12 Months
     After 12
Months
 
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Checking accounts

     15,993,550         15,993,550         0         0         0  

Savings accounts

     11,307,875         11,307,875         0         0         0  

Time deposits

     25,169,087         24,271,811         819,482         74,839         2,955   

Investment accounts

     628,635         419,355         101,010         106,029         2,241  

Other

     1,617,407         1,617,385         0         22         0  

Total Deposits

     54,716,554         53,609,976         920,492         180,890         5,196  

Maturity of outstanding time deposits and investment accounts in amount of Ps.100,000 or more at December 31, 2014

The following table sets forth information regarding the maturity of our time deposits and investment accounts in denominations of Ps.100,000 or more at December 31, 2014.

 

     Maturing  
     Total      Within 3
Months
     After 3
but Within
6 Months
     After 6
but Within
12 Months
     After 12
Months
 
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Domestic Bank Offices

  

Times deposits

     19,926,123         19,221,803         657,816         44,224         2,280  

Investment accounts

     634,487         419,384         107,223         105,775         2,105  

Total

     20,560,610         19,641,187         765,039         149,999         4,385  

 

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Return on equity and assets

The following table presents certain selected financial information and ratios for the years indicated.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2012     2013     2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos, except percentages)  

Net income

     1,493,618        2,443,564       3,479,531   

Average total assets

     44,792,602        53,268,656       67,852,744   

Average shareholders’ equity

     5,510,363        7,344,336       10,425,703   

Shareholders’ equity at the end of the fiscal year

     6,199,095        8,627,431       11,491,817   

Net income as a percentage of:

      

Average total assets

     3.33     4.59     5.13

Average shareholders’ equity

     27.11     33.27     33.37

Declared cash dividends

     —          596,254        596,254   

Dividend payout ratio (1)

     0.00     24.40     17.14

Average shareholders’ equity as a percentage of Average total assets

     12.30     13.79     15.37

 

(1) Declared cash dividends stated as percentage of net income.

Short-term borrowings

Our short-term borrowings totaled approximately Ps.2,178.2 million, Ps.2,728.9 million and Ps.3,958.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively. The table below shows the breakdown of those amounts at the end of each year.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2012     2013     2014  
            Annualized            Annualized            Annualized  
     Amount      Rate     Amount      Rate     Amount      Rate  
     (in thousands of Pesos, except percentages)  

Central Bank of Argentina:

          

Total amount outstanding at the end of the reported period

     3,992         1.00     9,676         5.11     10,746         5.09

Average during year (1)

     3,504         0.29     6,929         4.50     11,669         4.61

Maximum month-end balance (2)

     3,992           9,676           13,511      

Banks and international institutions:

          

Total amount outstanding at the end of the reported period

     276,804         3.89     326,495         2.79     88,313         6.28

Average during year (1)

     217,813         3.71     166,824         3.28     257,405         3.71

Maximum month-end balance (2)

     287,026           326,495           421,242      

Non-subordinated Corporate Bonds:

          

Total amount outstanding at the end of the reported period

     18,529         8.38     24,561         8.50     32,225         8.50

Average during year (1)

     63,200         8.37     15,256         8.50     21,821         8.50

Maximum month-end balance (2)

     210,375           24,561           32,225      

Financing received from Argentine financial institutions:

          

Total amount outstanding at the end of the reported period

     45,779         8.57     11,973         5.25     15,534         5.43

Average during year (1)

     47,912         8.65     31,434         7.91     19,268         5.06

Maximum month-end balance (2)

     52,278           53,547           26,974      

Other:

          

Total amount outstanding at the end of the reported period

     1,830,487         0.01     2,352,716         0.01     3,807,404         0.00

Average during year (1)

     1,531,053         0.01     1,762,725         0.01     3,104,144         0.00

Maximum month-end balance (2)

     1,938,379           2,352,716           3,807,404      

Subordinated corporate bonds:

          

Total amount outstanding at the end of the reported period

     2,597         9.75     3,442         9.75     4,517         9.75

Average during year (1)

     10,644         9.75     12,875         9.75     19,268         9.75

Maximum month-end balance (2)

     19,452           23,999           35,074      

Total short –term borrowings

     2,178,188           2,728,863           3,958,739      

 

(1) Average balances are calculated from quarterly-end balances.
(2) Maximums are calculated from quarterly-end balances.

Interest rate sensitivity

The interest rate sensitivity measures the impact on the gross intermediation margin in response to a change in market interest rates. For any given period, the pricing structure is matched when an equal amount of assets and liabilities reprice. Any mismatch of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities is known as a gap position and is shown in the following tables. A negative gap denotes liability sensitivity and normally means that a decline in interest rates would have a positive effect on net interest income while an increase in interest rates would have a negative effect on interest income.

 

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The following table shows the interest rate sensitivity of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities based on contractual maturities. Variations in interest rate sensitivity may also arise within the repricing periods presented.

 

    Remaining Maturity at December 31, 2014  
    0-1 Year     1-5 Years     5-10 Years     Over 10 years     Without due date     Total  
    (in thousands of Pesos)  

Interest-earning assets:

           

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

    954,817        —           —          —         954,817   

Government securities (2)

    7,022,729        1,572,025        154,783        786,306        —          9,535,843   

Receivables from financial leases

    133,860        254,858        152        —          —          388,870   

Loans to the non-financial government sector (1)

    195,436        408,981        —          —          —          604,417   

Loans to the private and financial sector (1)

    29,425,001        14,729,757        105,593        61,571        —          44,321,922   

Other Assets

    339,448        388,058        3,775        10,121        223,831        965,233   

Total Interest-Earning Assets

    38,071,291        17,353,679        264,303        857,998        223,831        56,771,102   

Interest-bearing liabilities:

           

Checking accounts

    15,993,550        —          —          —          —          15,993,550   

Savings accounts

    11,307,875        —          —          —          —          11,307,875   

Time Deposits

    25,166,132        2,653        302        —          —          25,169,087   

Investment Accounts

    626,394        2,241          —          —          628,635   

Non- subordinated Corporate Bonds

    32,225        909,890        —          —          —          942,115   

Subordinated Corporate Bonds

    4,517        —          —          1,282,800        —          1,287,317   

Liabilities with Central Bank

    10,746        6,213        —          —          —          16,959   

Liabilities with Argentine financial institutions

    15,534        36,253        —          —          —          51,787   

Liabilities with Banks and International Institutions

    88,313        —          —          —          —          88,313   

Other liabilities

    5,424,811        —          92,094        —          —          5,516,905   

Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities

    58,670,097        957,250        92,396        1,282,800        —          61,002,543   

Asset (Liability) Gap

    (20,598,806     16,396,429        171,907        (424,802     223,831        (4,231,441

Cumulative Asset/Liability Gap

    (20,598,806     (4,202,377     (4,030,470     (4,455,272     (4,231,441     —     

Cumulative sensitivity gap as a percentage of total interest-earning assets

    (36.28 )%      (7.40 )%      (7.10 )%      (7.85 )%      (7.45 )%   
    0-1 Year        1-5 Years        5-10 Years        Over 10 years        Without due date        Total   

Interest-earning assets in Pesos

           

Government securities (2)

    5,786,666        1,214,446        154,782        776,269        —         7,932,163   

Receivables from financial leases

    133,860        254,858        152        —         —         388,870   

Loans to the non financial government sector (1)

    195,436        408,981        —         —         —         604,417   

Loans to the private and financial sector (1)

    27,591,834        14,704,166        104,629        61,571        —         42,462,200   

Other Assets

    283,929        233,578        —          10,121        223,831        751,459   

Total Interest-Earning Assets in Pesos

    33,991,725        16,816,029        259,563        847,961        223,831        52,139,109   

Interest-bearing liabilities in Pesos

           

Checking accounts

    14,627,078        —          —          —          —          14,627,078   

Savings accounts

    10,253,913        —          —          —          —          10,253,913   

Time Deposits

    23,161,971        2,653        302        —          —          23,164,926   

Investment Accounts

    613,599        2,241        —          —          —          615,840   

Liabilities with Central Bank

    10,746        6,213        —          —          —          16,959   

Liabilities with Argentine financial institutions

    15,534        36,253        —          —          —          51,787   

Other Liabilities

    4,713,519        —          92,094        —          —          4,805,613   

Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities in Pesos

    53,396,360        47,360        92,396        —          —          53,536,116   

Asset (Liability) Gap

    (19,404,635     16,768,669        167,167        847,961        223,831        (1,397,007

Cumulative Asset/Liability Gap

    (19,404,635     (2,635,966     (2,468,799     (1,620,838     (1,397,007  

Cumulative sensitivity gap as a percentage of total interest-earning assets

    (37.22 )%      (5.06 )%      (4.74 )%      (3.11 )%      (2.68 )%   

 

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     0-1 Year     1-5 Years     5-10 Years     Over 10 years     without due date     Total  

Interest-earning assets in foreign currency

            

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

     954,817                954,817   

Government securities (2)

     1,236,063        357,579        1        10,037        —         1,603,680   

Loans to the private and financial sector(1)

     1,833,167        25,591        964        —         —         1,859,722   

Other assets

     55,519        154,480        3,775        —          —          213,774   

Total Interest-Earning Assets

     4,079,566        537,650        4,740        10,037        —          4,631,993   

Interest-bearing liabilities in foreign currency

            

Checking accounts

     1,366,472        —          —          —          —          1,366,472   

Savings accounts

     1,053,962        —          —          —          —          1,053,962   

Time Deposits

     2,004,161        —          —          —          —          2,004,161   

Investment Accounts

     12,795        —          —          —          —          12,795   

Non-subordinated Corporate Bonds

     32,225        909,890        —          —          —          942,115   

Subordinated Corporate Bonds

     4,517        —          —          1,282,800        —          1,287,317   

Liabilities with Banks and International Institutions

     88,313        —          —          —          —          88,313   

Other liabilities

     711,292        —          —          —          —          711,292   

Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities

     5,273,737        909,890        —          1,282,800        —          7,466,427   

Asset (Liability) Gap

     (1,194,171     (372,240     4,740        (1,272,763     —          (2,834,434

Cumulative Asset/Liability Gap

     (1,194,171     (1,566,411     (1,561,671     (2,834,434     (2,834,434  

Cumulative sensitivity gap as a percentage of total interest-earning assets

     (25.78 )%      (33.82 )%      (33.71 )%      (61.19 )%      (61.19 )%   

 

(1) Loan amounts are stated before deducting the allowance for loan losses. Non-accrual loans are included with loans as interest-earning asset.
(2) Includes instruments issued by the Central Bank.

Item 4A. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

This section contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including, without limitation, those set forth in “Cautionary statement concerning forward-looking statements,” “Risk Factors,” and the matters set forth in this annual report in general.

The following discussion is based on, and should be read in conjunction with, our consolidated financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this annual report, as well as “Selected Financial Data” and the other financial information appearing elsewhere in this annual report in general.

A. Operating results

FINANCIAL PRESENTATION

Our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, included elsewhere in this annual report, have been prepared in accordance with Central Bank Rules. Central Bank Rules differ in certain significant aspects from U.S. GAAP. See note 35 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

Argentine professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires establish that financial statements must be expressed in constant Pesos. The adjustment methodology and the need to make those adjustments are required by TR (Technical Resolution) No. 6 and TR No. 17 issued by the Argentine Federation of Professional Councils of Economic Sciences (Federación Argentina de Consejos Profesionales de Ciencias Económicas or “FACPCE”), which were amended by TR No. 39 approved by the Professional Council of Economic Sciences of the City of Buenos Aires on April 16, 2014, as supplemented by Interpretation No. 8. These regulations introduced, among other modifications, the obligation to adjust financial statements so that they are stated in constant currency as of the date when the inflation rate accumulated over a three-year period reaches or exceeds 100%, considering the domestic wholesale price index of the INDEC as a key indicator and essential threshold identifying a certain level of inflation requiring a related adjustment to financial statements.

Our consolidated financial statements recognized the changes in the Peso purchasing power until February 28, 2003, when the adjustments to reflect those changes were discontinued, as provided by the professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires and as required by Presidential Decree 664/2003, Article No. 268 of General Resolution No. 7/2005, Central Bank Communication “A” 3921 and CNV General resolution No. 441. However, in reviewing our financial statements, investors should consider that, in recent years, there have been significant changes in the prices for relevant economic variables, such as salary cost, interest and exchange rates, which are not required to be reflected in such consolidated financial statements pursuant to local regulations.

COMPARABILITY

Due to the modification of certain disclosure methods for certain items in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, which did not affect the shareholders’ equity of the Bank, the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2012 were modified for the sole purpose of comparability with the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2013 and 2014.

 

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MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

During 2012, world economic growth recorded a slowdown, several eurozone countries experienced recession and various developed countries recorded moderate growth. Emerging markets suffered the impact of the slowdown in economic growth of their main trading partners and also recorded lower growth rates than expected. In Argentina, the existing international uncertainty resulted in a downturn of trade with the country’s main trading partners which coupled with the effects of a drought, caused a reduction in exports. Private sector consumption continued being the main driver of economic activity, supported by high rates of employment and increases in disposable income made possible by increases in average wages. The supply of credit also grew, partially stimulated by a set of measures designed to increase access to banking services and credit for the productive sector. The macroeconomic balance was due to a high trade surplus coupled with an expansive economic policy. The increase in the trade surplus was driven by a reduction in imports and the economic deceleration which overcompensated the decrease in exports.

In 2012, real GDP grew by 1.9%. Primary expenses grew 29% and the Argentine government recorded a primary deficit of Ps.4.3 billion. Inflation reached a rate of 10.8% per annum according to the INDEC, while at the same time the Argentine Peso depreciated 14.3% against the U.S. dollar. See Item 3.D “Risk Factors—An increase in inflation could have a material adverse effect on Argentina’s economic prospects”.

During 2013, the global economy grew at very different rates, affecting the performance of the Argentine economy. The United States and Europe maintained a weak recovery after the 2008/2009 crisis due to fiscal adjustment and debt pressures partially offset by expansive monetary policies implemented by the respective central banks.

Although China’s expansion rate decreased, its demand for raw materials remained positive for commodity producing regions, specifically Latin America.

Latin America maintained its growth rate driven by two opposing forces: (i) the deceleration in the volume of exports coupled with a reduction in commodity prices and the slowdown in the Brazilian economy as a result of its anti-inflationary policy, and (ii) the inflow of financial capital and direct investment. Latin America’s growth rate remained at 3.5%, as in the previous year.

In this international context, Argentina grew by 3.0% in 2013, more than in 2012 but below the annual average of 7.2% maintained since 2003. An expansive fiscal policy resulted in an increase of primary expenditures (current and capital expenses) by 33% while the national government’s income increased by 30%. As a result, the national public sector reported a primary deficit of Ps.22.3 billion, equal to 0.8% of the GDP. Including the payment of interest, the financial deficit amounted to Ps.64.6 billion, or 2.4% of the GDP, a similar percentage of the previous year.

By the end of the year, the Argentine government implemented an external risk mitigation process by increasing the devaluation rate, imposing quantitative restrictions on imports and higher taxes on luxury assets and on the purchase of foreign currency for tourism. Inflation reached a rate of 10.9% per annum according to the INDEC, while at the same time the Argentine Peso depreciated 32.6% against the U.S. dollar. See item 3.D “Risk Factors—An increase in inflation could have a material adverse effect on Argentina’s economic prospects”.

In 2014, the global economy expanded by approximately 3%, a slightly lower rate than the average annual 3.4% recorded between 2010 and 2013, evidencing the slow recovery of developed countries as well as the deceleration trend in emerging countries.

The United States reported growth of 2.3%, as in the post-crisis years of 2008 and 2009, further strengthening in the second semester of 2014 due to the reduction in the debt burden of families and the resulting increase of domestic spending stemming from the improvement in employment levels.

Despite the fiscal adjustment process in place since 2009 to stabilize public debt, Europe recorded a slight improvement as compared to the light contraction registered in 2013.

China, recording a growing share, reached 12% of the world’s GDP as a result of a 7.4% year over year expansion. The sustained domestic market economic process driven by credit combined with increased migration to the cities, resulted in an increase in global demand for raw material.

Latin America, which represents 7.5% of the world’s GDP, experienced a slowdown as compared to the sustained growth rate recorded in the last few years due to a drop in the price of commodities and the deceleration of Brazil’s economy.

Brazil’s economy experienced a slowdown due to reduced productivity, higher public expenditure and a lower fiscal surplus, all of which resulted in high inflation and capital flight, stopping the inflow of investments of the preceding years. Brazil grew by 0.5%, following an average annual growth rate of 3.5% between 2003 and 2013.

Within the international context and considering the dynamics of macroeconomic imbalances, the actual GDP of Argentina did not expand in 2014. The slowdown of the domestic economy, coupled with a drop in the demand of Argentina’s main trading partners, resulted in a reduction in the trading volume, causing a decrease in the trade balance by 16% as compared to the previous year, with exports falling by 12% (due to a reduction of prices of 2% and of volumes of 10%) and imports by 11% (due to a reduction of prices of 1% and of volumes of 11%).

 

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Contrary to the contraction in the private sector, the government maintained its expansionary fiscal policy in line with increased tax revenues. Tax revenues increased by 36% year over year, representing 27% of the GDP. Primary expenditures grew by 43% driven by the policy of subsidies to utilities and capital expenditures. National public expenditures, including interest expense, represented 26% of the GDP.

Therefore, both the primary and financial deficits increased as compared to 2013. Within the context of the Argentine government’s debt reduction policy, the Central Bank has provided funds to the Argentine government by issuing additional Pesos and withdrawing funds out of reserves.

Money market and Argentine financial system

In 2014, a slight demonetization of the economy was observed due to a shift from an expansive monetary policy between 2010 and 2013 to a moderate monetary policy after the devaluation. The placement of Central Bank debt instruments absorbed a material portion of the monetary expansion derived from fiscal assistance to the government and the purchase of foreign currency from the private sector.

The reserves of the Central Bank as of December 31, 2014 amounted to US$31.4 billion, an increase of approximately US$844 million over the prior year. This increase was primarily the result of the private-sector purchase of foreign currency, certain swap transactions entered into with China and the issuance and placement of dollar-denominated Lebacs and Nobacs.

In line with the reduced growth of the monetary base, financial activity slowed down. The average total deposits and the average total credits increased by 27% and 24% respectively, as compared to the 27% and 30% increase reported in average in 2013.

Regarding deposits, the trend of the last few years continued in 2014, with private sector deposits growing more than public sector deposits as a result of the permanent fiscal deficit of the national and provincial governments.

With respect to interest earning assets, the growth rate of total loans in the financial system was lower than that of the previous year, but Lebac holdings doubled. The Lebac / Loan ratio increased from 19% in 2013 to 32% in 2014.

Systemic liquidity grew from 33% to 45% with respect to deposits in December 2014 due to increased holdings of Lebac in the financial system.

Interest rates also rose during the year, offsetting the reduction in the monetary base. In 2014, the Central Bank implemented a scheme of maximum reference lending rates for consumer and pledge loans in order to increase the demand for credit.

During 2014, borrowing rates decreased due to excess funds. With respect to borrowing rates, the Central Bank implemented a control mechanism, establishing a minimum borrowing rate for certain term deposits.

Changes were implemented in the operation of the financial system as a result of the monetary and sector-specific policies of the Central Bank. In 2014, after nine years of positive results, the strength of the financial system increased, with a net worth of Ps.168.1 million (a 38% increase as compared to the previous year).

In 2014, the soundness of the financial system improved, increasing its capacity to overcome potential economically volatile scenarios.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion of our results of operations is for the Bank as a whole and without reference to any operating segments. We do not manage the Bank by segments or divisions or by customer categories, by products and services, by regions, or by any other segmentation for the purpose of allocating resources or assessing profitability.

We consider loans to the private sector and the level of deposits to be key measures of our core business.

Our loan portfolio to the private sector grew to Ps.31,204 million as of December 31, 2012 increasing 29% compared to 2011, to Ps.39,024 million as of December 31, 2013 increasing 25% compared to 2012 and to Ps.44,108 million as of December 31, 2014 increasing 13% compared to 2013.

Within a context of increasing prices the Bank, as well as the financial system, benefited from a continuous demand of consumer loans, the main growth driver of our portfolio for the last three years. During 2012, 2013 and 2014 consumer loans (personal loans and credit card loans), which are short term loans, have driven the expansion of our loan portfolio, increasing 29%, 33% and 22% respectively.

During 2014, the Bank maintained its leading position in terms of personal loans, which increased by 16%, with a 14% of market share (as of November 30, 2014). As to its credit card products, the Bank’s portfolio increased 34% compared to 2013, accounting for 7.6% of the market. In 2014, the Argentine government launched a plan for credit card purchases in 12 interest free installments, which led to increased consumption and use of credit cards.

During 2012, 2013 and 2014, pledge and mortgages loans (mainly productive investments loans with mortgage and pledge guarantees respectively, according to Communication “A” 5319, “A” 5380, “A” 5449, “A” 5516 and “A” 5600 of BCRA), grew 35%, 53% and 16%, respectively.

 

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During 2014 we continued with the policy of maintaining high coverage of non-performing loans through the creation of additional provisions to such required by the Central Bank. The coverage was maintained at approximately 135.3%. Delinquency levels followed the same trend as the financial system as a whole, increasing to 1.95% of total loans as compared to 1.66% in the previous year.

In 2014, the Bank maintained a high liquidity ratio increasing from 33.3% as of December 31, 2013 to 40.6% as of December 31, 2014. The Bank’s liquidity ratio exceeded the liquidity ratio of the financial system as a whole.

During 2014 our public sector exposure to total assets ratio increased to 4.7% from 3% in 2013 but remained below Argentina’s financial system average.

Our total deposits increased by 24%, 20% and 26% as of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively, up to Ps.54,717 million as of December 31, 2014.

During 2012 and 2013, private sector deposits increased by 19% and 32%, with increase in time deposits and sight deposits, and public sector deposits increased by 43% compared to 2011 and decreased by 21% during 2013. During 2014, private sector deposits were the main source of funding increasing by 25% compared to 2013, with increase in time deposits and sight deposits of 17% and 34%, respectively, over the prior year. Public sector deposits increased by 30% during 2014.

The Bank was the fifth largest financial institution in terms of volume of total loans and total deposits, with a 6.8% and 5.8% of market share, respectively, as of November 30, 2014, maintaining a leading position, as in the previous year.

YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2013 AND YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2013 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012

Net income

The following table sets forth certain components of our income statement for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

 

     Year Ended December 31,     Change December 31,  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  
     2012 (1)     2013     2014     2014-2013     2013-2012  

Financial income

     6,904,370        9,753,531        14,682,649        4,929,118        2,849,161   

Financial expenses

     (2,827,590     (4,021,540     (6,582,561     (2,561,021     (1,193,950

Gross intermediation margin

     4,076,780        5,731,991        8,100,088        2,368,097        1,655,211   

Provision for loan losses

     (600,424     (540,032     (664,882     (124,850     60,392   

Service charge income

     2,644,731        3,426,324        4,655,788        1,229,464        781,593   

Service charge expenses

     (685,392     (917,807     (1,215,759     (297,952     (232,415

Administrative expenses

     (3,115,385     (4,015,356     (5,498,879     (1,483,523     (899.971

Net other income (expense)

     40,573        109,526        88,853        (20,673     68,953   

Minority interest in subsidiaries

     (13,790     (18,173     (23,492     (5,319     (4,383

Net income before income tax

     2,347,093        3,776,473        5,441,717        1,665,244        1,429,380   

Income tax

     (853,475     (1,332,909     (1,962,186     (629,277     (479,434

Net income

     1,493,618        2,443,564        3,479,531        1,035,967        949,946   

 

(1) Due to the modification of certain disclosure methods defined for certain items in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, figures have been restated for comparability purposes. See “Presentation of certain financial and other information.”

Our consolidated net income for 2014 increased 42% or Ps.1,036.0 million as compared to 2013, from Ps.2,443.6 million in 2013 to Ps.3,479.5 million in 2014. This increase was primarily attributable to:

 

    51% increase in financial income of Ps.4,929.1 million; and

 

    36% increase in service charge income of Ps.1,229.5 million.

This increase was partially offset by a:

 

    64% increase in financial expenses of Ps.2,561.0 million;

 

    32% increase in service charge expenses of Ps.298.0 million;

 

    37% increase in administrative expenses of Ps.1,483.5 million; and

 

    47% increase in income tax of Ps.629.3 million.

 

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Financial income

The components of our financial income for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 were as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2012 (1)      2013      2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Interest on cash and due from banks

     185         241         127   

Interest on loans to the financial sector

     46,084         51,468         64,293   

Interest on overdrafts

     721,000         1,074,900         1,338,170   

Interest on documents (2)

     414,815         654,111         960,429   

Interest on mortgage loans

     198,809         333,854         483,143   

Interest on pledged loans (3)

     126,822         197,135         274,287   

Interest on credit card loans

     740,670         1,022,177         1,930,082   

Interest on other loans (4)

     3,537,074         4,782,671         6,272,353   

Interest on other receivables from financial intermediation

     1,040         3,101         3,455   

Interest on financial leases

     60,037         68,435         76,320   

Income from government and private securities, net

     361,538         409,054         1,974,166   

Income from guaranteed loans (5)

     17,017         26,026         40,201   

CER (Indexation by benchmark stabilization coefficient) adjustment (6)

     22,947         35,155         78,299   

CVS (Indexation by salary variation coefficient) adjustment

     512         606         737   

Difference in quoted prices of gold and foreign currency

     386,989         808,143         827,599   

Other (7)

     268,831         286,454         358,988   

Total financial income

     6,904,370         9,753,531         14,682,649   

 

(1) Due to the modification of certain disclosure methods defined for certain items in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, figures have been restated for comparability purposes. See “Presentation of certain financial and other information.”
(2) Includes income on factoring, check cashing advances and loans with promissory notes.
(3) Includes primarily income on interest on loans with collateral pledge.
(4) Includes interest on loans not classified under prior headings, including interest on personal loans.
(5) Includes income on loans to the Argentine government that were issued in exchange for federal and provincial government bonds.
(6) Includes CER accrued for all the assets subject to CER adjustments.
(7) Mainly results from pre-financing and financing export transactions, forward foreign currency transactions and premiums on reverse repos.

2014 and 2013 - Our financial income increased 51% or Ps.4,929.1 million as compared to 2013, driven primarily by income derived from higher interest on loans.

Interest on loans (i.e., for all loans in the aggregate, excluding income from guaranteed loans) grew 40% or Ps.3,206.4 million as compared to 2013, mainly as a result of an increase in interest rates (from 24.2% on average for 2013 to 28.9% on average for 2014) and in the average portfolio volume (volume grew by 17% as compared to 2013).

The main variation of total interest on loans was from interest on credit card loans which increased 89%, interest on documents which increased 47% and interest on other loans (including interest on personal loans) which increased 31% compared to 2013. The average volume of credit card loans increased by 37%, the average volume of documents grew by 19%, the average volume of personal loans grew by 18% and the average volume of other loans grew by 12%, in each case as compared to 2013.

Income from government and private securities increased Ps.1,565.1 million as compared to 2013 (383%), driven by our Lebac and Nobac portfolio due to an increase in the average portfolio of such securities from Ps.1,551.5 million on average in 2013 to Ps.7,416.0 million on average in 2014.

2013 and 2012 - Our financial income increased 41% or Ps.2,849.2 million as compared to 2012, driven primarily by income derived from higher interest on loans.

Interest on loans (i.e., for all loans in the aggregate, excluding guaranteed loans) grew 40% as a result of an increase in the financial intermediation activities and the average portfolio volume (the average loan portfolio grew by 27% as compared to 2012). Additionally the average interest rate for private sector loans increased from 21.0% in 2012 to 23.1% in 2013.

The main variation of total interest on loans was from interest on documents which increased 58%, interest on overdrafts which increased 49%, interest on credit card loans which increased 38% and interest on other loans (including interest on personal loans) which increased 35% compared to 2012. The average volume of documents increased by 43%, the average volume of overdrafts grew by 37%, the average volume of credit cards loans grew by 47% and the average volume of personal loans grew by 25%, in each case as compared to 2012.

Income derived from differences in quoted prices of gold and foreign currency increased 109% or Ps.421.1 million due to higher FX position revaluation due to the depretiation of the Peso against the U.S. dollar. The FX rate increased from Ps.4.9173 per dollar as of December 31, 2012 to Ps.6.5180 per dollar as of December 31, 2013.

 

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The following tables set forth the changes in financial income due to increases (decreases) in volume and increases (decreases) in nominal rates of average interest-earning assets. Such financial income excludes exchange valuation differences and premiums on forward sales of foreign exchange:

 

Changes in financial income (interest earned)   

December 31 2012

vs.

December 31 2011

    

December 31 2013

vs.

December 31 2012

    

December 31 2014

vs.

December 31 2013

 
     Increase (Decrease)      Increase (Decrease)      Increase (Decrease)  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Due to changes in the volume of interest-earning assets

     1,800,796         1,750,614         1,966,544   

Due to changes in average nominal rates of interest-earning assets

     325,686         593,459         2,899,866   

Net change

     2,126,482         2,344,073         4,866,410   

 

Changes in financial income due to changes in volume   

December 31 2012

vs.

December 31 2011

    

December 31 2013

vs.

December 31 2012

    

December 31 2014

vs.

December 31 2013

 
     Increase (Decrease)      Increase (Decrease)      Increase (Decrease)  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Government and private securities

     41,500         (60,235      574,699   

Loans to private and financial sector

     1,590,253         1,831,866         1,415,752   

Loans to public sector

     3,889         34,956         8,082   

Other assets

     165,154         (55,973      (31,989

Net change

     1,800,796         1,750,614         1,966,544   

 

Changes in financial income due to changes in nominal rates   

December 31 2012

vs.

December 31 2011

    

December 31 2013

vs.

December 31 2012

    

December 31 2014

vs.

December 31 2013

 
     Increase (Decrease)      Increase (Decrease)      Increase (Decrease)  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Government and private securities

     (163,684      61,918         1,126,740   

Loans to private and financial sector

     472,687         452,870         1,811,291   

Loans to public sector

     39,832         30,947         60,951   

Other assets

     (23,149      47,724         (99,116

Net change

     325,686         593,459         2,899,866   

Financial expenses

The components of our financial expenses for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 were as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2012 (1)      2013      2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Interest on checking accounts

     317         497         533   

Interest on savings accounts

     33,972         41,060         49,237   

Interest on time deposits

     2,167,614         3,065,823         5,137,168   

Interest on interfinancing received loans (received call)

     4,283         2,883         1,202   

Interest on other financing from the financial institutions

     12         7         17   

Interest on other liabilities from financial intermediation (2)

     62,529         61,674         91,733   

Interest on subordinated corporate bonds

     66,897         80,953         120,407   

Other interest

     3,033         3,369         3,109   

CER adjustment (3)

     4,405         4,295         9,183   

Contribution to Deposit Guarantee Fund

     55,937         67,808         151,048   

Other (4)

     428,591         693,171         1,018,924   

Total financial expenses

     2,827,590         4,021,540         6,582,561   

 

(1) Due to the modification of certain disclosure methods defined for certain items in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, figures have been restated for comparability purposes. See “Presentation of certain financial and other information.”
(2) Includes lines of credit from other banks, repurchase agreements and Central Bank borrowings.
(3) Includes CER accrued for all the liabilities subject to CER adjustments.
(4) Mainly resulting from turnover tax.

2014 and 2013 - Financial expenses increased 64% or Ps.2,561.0 million as compared to 2013.

Interest on deposits represented 79% of total financial expenses and increased by 67% or Ps.2,079.6 million as compared to 2013 due to an increase in interest from time deposits of 68% mainly as result of increasing interest rates (from 15% on average in 2013 to 20% on average in 2014) and an increase in the average volume.

 

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Other financial expenses increased by 47% as compared to 2013 mainly due to an increase in turnover tax as a result of our higher computable financial income and, to a lesser extent, an increase in tax rates in certain provinces in which we operate.

2013 and 2012 - Financial expenses increased 42% or Ps.1,193.9 million as compared to 2012.

This increase was mainly explained by a growth in interest expenses related to deposits (including checking accounts, savings accounts and time deposits), which increased by 41% due to an increase in the average volume of interest bearing deposits by 21% and the increase in the average interest rate of time deposits (from 12.8% in 2012 to 15.0% in 2013).

During 2013, other expenses increased by 62% compared to 2012, mainly due to an increase in turnover tax as a result of our higher computable financial income and, to a lesser extent, to an increase in tax rates in certain provinces in which we operate.

Changes in financial expense (interest paid)

 

   

December 31 2012

vs.

December 31 2011

   

December 31 2013

vs.

December 31 2012

   

December 31 2014

vs.

December 31 2013

 
    Increase (Decrease)     Increase (Decrease)     Increase (Decrease)  
    (in thousands of Pesos)  

Financial Expense due to changes in the volume of interest-bearing liabilities

    647,538        521,214        774,504   

Financial Expense due to changes in average nominal rates of interest-bearing liabilities

    303,007        397,625        1,382,024   

Net change

    950,545        918,839        2,156,528   

Changes in financial expense due to changes in volume

 

    

December 31 2012

vs.

December 31 2011

    

December 31 2013

vs.

December 31 2012

    

December 31 2014

vs.

December 31 2013

 
     Increase (Decrease)      Increase (Decrease)      Increase (Decrease)  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Deposits

     653,044         506,788         709,351   

Borrowings from Central Bank and other financial institutions

     (3,429      1,521         1,935   

Corporate Bonds

     (2,077      12,905         63,218   

Net change

     647,538         521,214         774,504   

Changes in financial expense due to changes in nominal rates

 

    

December 31 2012

vs.

December 31 2011

    

December 31 2013

vs.

December 31 2012

    

December 31 2014

vs.

December 31 2013

 
     Increase (Decrease)      Increase (Decrease)      Increase (Decrease)  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Deposits

     297,624         398,614         1,370,277   

Borrowings from Central Bank and other financial institutions

     5,097         (1,733      11,218   

Corporate Bonds

     286         744         529   

Net change

     303,007         397,625         1,382,024   

Provision for loan losses

2014 and 2013 – Provision for loan losses increased 23% or Ps.124.9 million in 2014 mainly due to the increase in the provisions for loan losses related to non-performing consumer loans and based on our policy of maintaining high coverage of non-performing loans through the creation of additional provisions to such required by the Central Bank. Non-performing loans increased 29% in 2014.

2013 and 2012 – Provision for loan losses decreased 10% or Ps.60.4 million in 2013. The variation was due to the higher charge in 2012 as a result of the initial impact of the amendment of the provisioning policy for the non-performing consumer loans portfolio implemented in May 2012.

 

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Service charge income

The following table provides a breakdown of our service charge income by category for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2012 (1)      2013      2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Service charges on deposit accounts

     1,571,838         2,022,656         2,798,967   

Debit and credit card income

     544,815         776,726         1,147,740   

Other fees related to foreign trade

     38,660         44,464         67,123   

Credit-related fees

     141,048         164,097         92,101   

Capital markets and securities activities

     2,415         4,338         7,895   

Lease of safe-deposit boxes

     64,621         70,791         84,201   

Fees related to guarantees

     1,003         1,434         1,672   

Other (2)

     280,331         341,818         456,089   

Total service charge income

     2,644,731         3,426,324         4,655,788   

 

(1) Due to the modification of certain disclosure methods defined for certain items in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, figures have been restated for comparability purposes. See “Presentation of certain financial and other information.”
(2) Includes insurance income and revenue from joint ventures.

2014 and 2013 - Service charge income increased 36% or Ps.1,229.5 million in 2014, mainly due to higher debit and credit card income (48%) and increasing service charges on deposits accounts (38%) and other service charge income (33%), mainly due to an increase in the amount of active accounts and banking product packages and the fees charged for such accounts and packages.

2013 and 2012 - Service charge income increased 30% or Ps.781.6 million in 2013 compared to 2012, mainly due to higher fees charged on deposits accounts (29%) and other service charge income (34%).

Income-increase derived from service charge on deposit accounts was driven by an increase in the amount of fees charged over such accounts (maintenance fees). Fees charged for maintenance of deposit accounts increased 22% on average in 2013, as compared to 2012.

Service charge expenses

2014 and 2013 - In 2014 service charge expenses increased 32% or Ps.298 million as compared to 2013 due to an increase in debit and credit card expenses as result of an aggressive marketing campaigns for credit card products as part of our strategy to strengthen our credit card market share.

2013 and 2012 - In 2013 service charge expenses increased 34% or Ps.232.4 million as compared to 2012. This increase was mainly due to an increase in turnover and other municipal taxes and commissions paid to lending agents as a result of more aggressive marketing campaigns for our credit card products as part of our strategy to strengthen our credit card market share.

Administrative expenses

The components of our administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 are reflected in the following table:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2012 (1)      2013      2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Personnel expenses

     1,844,336         2,351,921         3,190,774   

Directors and statutory auditors fees

     75,005         117,077         163,378   

Other professional fees

     109,906         138,212         181,427   

Advertising and publicity

     92,526         103,437         128,387   

Taxes

     169,306         218,491         323,463   

Depreciation of equipment

     85,037         98,666         130,678   

Amortization of organization costs

     72,721         89,019         122,704   

Maintenance, conservation and repair expenses

     127,856         187,684         256,937   

Security services

     127,954         192,873         249,176   

Electric power and communications

     84,561         102,023         146,145   

Lease payments

     58,894         77,713         110,875   

Insurance

     14,647         18,251         22,678   

Stationery and office supplies

     15,840         19,858         26,761   

Other

     236,796         300,131         445,496   

Total administrative expenses

     3,115,385         4,015,356         5,498,879   

 

(1) Due to the modification of certain disclosure methods defined for certain items in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, figures have been restated for comparability purposes. See “Presentation of certain financial and other information.”

2014 and 2013 - Administrative expenses increased 37% or Ps.1,483.5 million in 2014, due to higher personnel expenses and other administrative expenses.

 

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Personnel expenses increased by 36% as a result of a salary increase of 29% arranged with the labor unions in April 2014 and higher other personnel expenses. The remaining administrative expenses increased in total by 39% in 2014, mainly due to a 48% increase in taxes (mainly in tax on debits and credits on Argentine bank accounts and the turnover tax), a 37% increase in repair and maintenance expenses (mainly due to an increase in rates paid to cleaning companies) and a 29% increase in security services expenses (mainly due to an increase in rates paid to additional pólice and private security companies).

2013 and 2012 - Administrative expenses increased 29% or Ps.900 million in 2013.

This increase was mainly due to a 27% increase in personnel expenses as a result of a salary increase of 24% and other benefits agreed with the labor unions in May 2013 and a higher number of employees. The remaining administrative expenses increased in total by 31% in 2013, in line with price increases recorded in the Argentine economy during 2013. The main increases corresponded to security services expenses, driven by a higher investment in equipment (installation of new alarms and surveillance camera circuits) and repair and maintenance expenses incurred in building refurbishment projects.

Net other income (expense)

2014 and 2013. In 2014 net other income was Ps.88.8 million, decreasing 19% or Ps.20.7 million compared to 2013. The variation was mainly due to an increase of other expenses of 83% or Ps.118.7 million as result of the cancellation of contingent liabilities. Other income increased by 39% or Ps.98 million as compared to 2013, mainly as a result of increasing interest on other receivables and a significant increase in income from long-term investments.

2013 and 2012. In 2013 net other income was Ps.109.5 million, increasing 170% or Ps.69 million compared to 2012. This increase was mainly due to the mixed result of the increase on other income by 29% or Ps.56.6 million, mainly in recovered loans, reversed allowances and other income, with a decrease of other expenses by 8% or Ps.12.4 million compared to 2012.

Income tax

2014 and 2013. In 2014 income tax expenses increased 47% to Ps.1,962.2 million compared to 2013 with a tax effective rate of 36.1% for fiscal year 2014. This increase was due to the increase in taxable revenues.

2013 and 2012. In 2013 income tax expenses increased 56% to Ps.1,332.9 million compared to Ps.853.5 million in 2012. This increase was due to the increase in taxable revenues. The tax effective rate was 35.3% for fiscal year 2013.

U.S. GAAP and Central Bank Rules Reconciliation

General

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with Central Bank Rules, which differ from U.S. GAAP in certain respects. For more detail on differences in the accounting treatment between Central Bank Rules and U.S. GAAP as of December 31, 2014, see Note 35 to our consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

Summary of significant differences between Central Bank Rules and U.S. GAAP:

 

a. Exposure to the Argentine Public Sector and Private Securities:

 

a.1. Loans—Non-financial federal government sector: guaranteed loans (maturing around 2017) were valued according to Central Bank Communication “A” 4898 and 5180. Under U.S. GAAP, the difference between the cost of each acquired loan and its expected future cash flows is accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC 310-30 “Loans and debts acquired with deteriorated credit quality”. In accordance with this rule, we should continue to estimate the cash flows expected to be collected over the life of the loan. The effects of the adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP would decrease assets by Ps.200.3 million, Ps.158.2 million and Ps.146.8 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. On the other hand, income would decrease by Ps.42 million and Ps.11.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and would increase by Ps.3.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

a.2. Government and private securities:

 

  (i) Available for sale: Under Central Bank Rules, unlisted Government securities were valued at the present value reported by Central Bank Rules or at the cost value increased by their internal rate of return. Under U.S. GAAP, these Government securities were considered as “available for sale” and carried at fair value with the unrealized gains and losses reported as net of income tax within the shareholders’ equity accounts in accordance with FASB ASC 320 “Investment – Debt and Equity Securities”.

 

  (ii) Trading securities: Under Central Bank Rules, listed securities maintained for intermediation, were valued at quoted price. Under U.S. GAAP these securities should be classified as trading and carried at fair value considering their active market. In addition, changes in fair value are recorded in the consolidated statement of income.

 

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The effects of the adjustments required in accordance with U.S. GAAP would decrease assets by Ps.21.3 million and Ps.1.1 million as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and would increase by Ps.6.6 million as of December 31, 2012. On the other hand, income would increase by Ps.3.0 thousand, Ps.38.1 million and Ps.9.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

a.3. Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina: Under Central Bank Rules, instruments issue by the Central Bank of Argentina were valued at the quoted price of each security or at the cost value increased by their internal rate of return. Under U.S. GAAP, these securities should be considered as “available for sale” and carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported as net of income tax within the shareholders’ equity accounts in accordance with FASB ASC 320. The effects of the adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP would increase assets by Ps.2.4 million, Ps.41 thousand and Ps.62 thousand as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. On the other hand, income would increase by Ps.7.2 million, Ps.0.1 million and Ps.0.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

a.4. Securities in financial trust and other: Under Central Bank Rules, securities in financial trust and others were valued at the cost value increased by their internal rate of return. Under U.S. GAAP, these securities should be considered as “available for sale” and carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported as net of income tax within the shareholders’ equity accounts in accordance with FASB ASC 320. The effects of the adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP would increase assets by Ps.30.9 million, Ps.14.3 million and Ps.27.7 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. On the other hand, income would decrease by Ps.10.4 million and Ps.5.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and would increase by Ps.8.1 million for the year ended December 2012.

 

b. Loans origination fees: Fees on consumer loans, such as credit cards, mortgage, pledged and personal loans, stand by letters of credit and guarantees issued, are recognized when collected and charges direct origination costs when incurred. In accordance with U.S. GAAP under FASB ASC 310-20 “Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs”, loan origination fees and certain direct loan origination costs should be recognized over the life of the related loan as an adjustment of yield or by straight-line method, as appropriate. The effects of the adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP, would decrease assets by Ps.91.3 million, Ps.111.8 million and Ps.105.4 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Income would increase by Ps.20.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, and would decrease by Ps.6.5 million and Ps.29.6 million for the years ended December 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

c. Allowance for loan losses

 

c.1. Credit card loans: We establish a reserve for credit card loans based on the past due status of the loan. All loans without preferred guarantees greater than 180 days have been reserved at least at 50% in accordance with the Central Bank Rules. Under U.S. GAAP, we adopted a policy to fully provision loans which are 180 days past due. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, our assets would decrease by Ps.25.7 million, Ps.17 million and Ps.13.4 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would decrease by Ps.8.7 million, Ps.3.5 million and Ps.2.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

c.2. Impaired loans - Non Financial Private Sector and residents abroad: FASB ASC 310 “Receivables”, requires a creditor to measure impairment of a loan based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. This statement is applicable to all loans (including those restructured in a troubled debt restructuring involving amendment of terms), except large groups of smaller-balance homogenous loans, not considered troubled debt restructuring, that are collectively evaluated for impairment. Loans are considered impaired when, based on Management’s evaluation, a borrower will not be able to fulfill its obligation under the original loan terms. The collective impairment allowance is calculated on a portfolio basis using statistical models which incorporate various estimates and judgments. We have performed a migration analysis based on uncollectability following the FASB ASC 450 “Contingencies”. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would increase by Ps.3.8 million, Ps.2.8 million and Ps.3.8 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would increase by Ps.0.9 million and Ps.7.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2012, respectively, and would decrease by Ps.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

c.3. Interest recognition – non-accrual loans: The method applied to recognize income on loans is described in Note 4.5.d) to our consolidated financial statements. Additionally, the accrual of interest is discontinued generally when the related loan is non-performing and the collection of interest and principal is in doubt generally after 90 days of being past due. Accrued interest remains on the Bank’s books and is considered a part of the loan balance when determining the reserve for credit losses. Under U.S. GAAP the accrual of interest is discontinued when the management has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, usually after 90 days, even though the loan is currently performing. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, unpaid interest credited to income in the current year is reversed and unpaid interest accrued in prior years is charged against the allowance for credit losses. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would decrease by Ps.22.1 million, Ps.13 million and Ps.6.8 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would decrease by Ps.9.1 million, Ps.6.2 million and Ps.1.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

d.

Income Tax: Central Bank Rules do not require the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities and, therefore, income tax is recognized on the basis of amounts due in accordance with Argentine tax regulations and no deferred tax and liabilities are recognized. Under U.S. GAAP we apply FASB ASC 740 “Income Taxes”. Under this method, income tax is recognized based on the liability method whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities at each reporting date. FASB ASC 740 requires that an allowance for deferred tax assets be provided to the extent that it is more likely than not that they will not be realized, based on the weight of available evidence. In order to

 

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  determine the amount of the valuation allowance required, in accordance with FAS ASC 740-10-30-16 through 30-25, we evaluate for each consolidated entity all available evidence, both positive and negative and the future realization of the tax benefit in a relatively short period of time, considering future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards and tax-planning strategies. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s net assets would increase by Ps.366.1 million, Ps.242.6 million and Ps.183.90 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would increase by Ps.154.9 million, Ps.64 million and Ps.50.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

e. Intangible assets:

 

  (i) Judgments due to court decisions related to foreign currency-denominated deposits: Under Central Bank Rules it includes differences due to court orders (amparos) and provisions made by us in relation to the constitutional protection and court judgments resulting from court decisions mentioned in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements. Under U.S. GAAP, the right to obtain such compensation is deemed a contingent gain which cannot be recognized until realized, pursuant to FASB ASC 450 “Contingencies”. The effects of the adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP would decrease net assets by Ps.43.4 million, Ps.69 million and Ps.60 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would increase by Ps.25.6 million and Ps.44.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2012, respectively, and would decrease by Ps.9 million for the year ended 2013.

 

  (ii) Software cost: Under Central Bank Rules, it includes software costs relating to preliminary, application development and post – implementation stages of software development. Central Bank Rules permits the capitalization of certain costs that are not eligible for capitalization under FASB ASC 350-40 “Internal- Use Software”. The effects of the adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP, would decrease assets by Ps.9.1 million, Ps.12.2 million and Ps.17.5 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition income would increase by Ps.3 million and Ps.5.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and would decrease by Ps.8.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

  (iii) Organizational costs: Under Central Bank Rules, it includes inherent cost of set up and organization of the Bank. Applying U.S. GAAP and in accordance with FASB ASC 720-15 “Start Up Costs”, these cost are not eligible for capitalization and would result in a decrease to the Bank’s assets of Ps.4.9 million, Ps.2.6 million and Ps.1.7 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition income would decrease by Ps.2.3 million, Ps.0.9 million and Ps.0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

f. Vacation accrual: The cost of vacations earned by employees is generally recorded by us when paid. U.S. GAAP requires that this expense be recorded on an accrual basis as the vacations are earned. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s liabilities would increase by Ps.202.9 million, Ps.152.3 million and Ps.151.4 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would decrease by Ps.50.6 million, Ps.0.9 million and Ps.32.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

g. Business combination: Under Central Bank Rules, business combinations and step acquisitions are accounted for the carryover book value of the acquired company. Additionally, at the acquisition date, the Bank recognized the difference between the book value of the net equity acquired and the purchase price as a positive goodwill. Such goodwill is being amortized under the straight line method over 10 years. Under U.S. GAAP FASB ASC 805 requires the acquisition of controlling interest to be accounted for as a business combination applying the purchase method. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s net assets would decrease by Ps.37.7 million, Ps.47.7 million and Ps.65.3 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition income would increase by Ps.9.8 million, Ps.17.5 million and Ps.16.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

h. Accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities: Pursuant to Central Bank Rules, derivates are recorded as described in Notes 4.5.g) and 4.5.k) to our consolidated financial statements. FASB ASC 815 “Derivatives and Hedging” establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain ones embedded in other contracts (collectively referred to as derivatives) and for hedging activities. It requires that an entity recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position and measure those instruments at fair value. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would increase by Ps.1.7 million as of December 31, 2013, and would decrease by Ps.0.5 million as of December 31, 2012. In addition, income would decrease Ps.1.7 million and Ps.10 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2012, respectively, and would increase by Ps.2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

i. Foreign currency translation: U.S. GAAP foreign currency translation requirements are covered by FASB ASC 830-20 “Foreign Currency Matters” and differ from Central Bank Rules in the translation of the income statement accounts, which under U.S. GAAP should have been translated at the average exchange rate other than at the year-end exchange rate. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s net income would decrease by Ps.87.6 million, Ps.69.5 million and Ps.27.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and these resulting differences would be recognized as other comprehensive income.

 

j. Corporate bonds: under Central Bank Rules, cost of issuance was recognized as expenses when they were incurred and the interest has accrued according to the contract terms of the bonds in the period in which it was generated. Under U.S. GAAP, the Bank recognizes direct incremental costs and interest based on the effective interest method over the life of the loan. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would increase by Ps.38.6 million, Ps.5.4 million and Ps.10.8 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition income would increase by Ps.33.3 million and Ps.14.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2012, respectively, and would decrease by Ps.5.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

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k. Foreclosed assets: Under Central Bank Rules, these assets are carried at cost adjusted by depreciation over the life of the assets. Under U.S. GAAP, in accordance with FASB ASC 360 “Property, Plant and Equipment”, such assets classified as held for sale shall be measured at the lower of its carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would increase by Ps.12.8 million, Ps.14.2 million and Ps.13.5 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition income would decrease by Ps.1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, and would increase by Ps.0.7 million and Ps.24 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

l. Capitalization of interest cost: Under Central Bank Rules, is not allowed to capitalized interest cost from borrowings. Under U.S. GAAP, in accordance with FASB ASC 835-20 “Capitalization of Interest Cost”, if an asset requires a period of time in which to carry out the activities necessary to bring it to the condition and location necessary for its intended use, the interest cost incurred during that period as a result of expenditures for the asset is a part of historical cost of acquiring the asset. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would increase by Ps.37.8 million and Ps.9.4 million as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. In addition, income would increase by Ps.28.3 million and Ps.9.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

m. Noncontrolling Interest in subsidiaries: Central Bank Rules require the recording of noncontrolling interests as a component of liabilities. FASB ASC 810 requires the recording of such interest as shareholders’ equity. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s shareholders’ equity would increase by Ps.93 million, Ps.69.5 million and Ps.51.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would increase by Ps.23.5 million, Ps.18.1 million and Ps.13.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s shareholders’ equity would decrease by Ps.73.3 million, Ps.225 million and Ps.271 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

In addition, net income calculated according to U.S. GAAP would increase by Ps.93.4 million, Ps.36.1 million and Ps.58.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

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B. Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our main source of liquidity consists of deposits, which totaled Ps.54,716.6 million as of December 31, 2014, Ps.43,427 million as of December 31, 2013 and Ps.36,188.7 million as of December 31, 2012. These deposits include deposits generated by our branch network, from institutional, very large corporate clients and from provincial governments for whom we act as financial agent. We consider the deposits generated by our branch network and the provincial deposits to be stable.

Approximately 16% of the Bank’s total deposits as of December 31, 2014 derives from the non-financial government sector, in particular as a consequence of the Bank’s role as financial agent of four provinces. This is an important source of low-cost funding.

Total deposits, which grew 26% in 2014 compared to 2013, represented 86% of our total liabilities as of December 31, 2014. Deposits were used primarily to finance the growth in credit made available to the private sector and the balance was invested in liquid assets. This approach has enabled us to maintain a high liquidity to deposits ratio while we await a return to stronger demand for private sector loans.

During 2014 the liquidity ratio increased from 33.3% as of December 31, 2013 to 40.6% as of December 31, 2014 due to the significant growth of total liquid assets by 53% based on an increase in cash and in Lebacs and NOBACs. The Bank’s liquidity ratio exceeds the liquidity ratio of the financial system as a whole.

On September 15, 2011, the board of directors set forth the terms and conditions of a plan for the acquisition of the Bank’s shares. Under such conditions, as of December 14, 2011 (the expiration date) the Bank had repurchased an aggregate amount of 10,000,000 of its own shares for an aggregate amount of Ps.92.9 million. Such shares were cancelled during 2014.

During 2012 Banco Macro repaid upon maturity all of the outstanding Argentine Peso-Linked 10.75% Notes Due 2012 for an amount of Ps.197.1 million. As of December 31, 2014 we have Ps.1,287 million of our 2036 Notes and Ps.942 million of our 2017 Notes.

Additionally, the Bank currently has access to uncommitted lines of credit with foreign banks and to letters of credit.

The CFO manages the excess liquidity by analyzing interest rates from a limited number of liquid and short-term assets including Central Bank bills, deposits with the Central Bank and overnight loans to highly rated companies. The amount allocated to overnight loans is determined by the amount of deposits received from institutional investors, and as such, there is a high degree of volatility in our overnight allocations.

We believe that we have adequate working capital to meet our current and reasonably foreseeable needs. As of December 31, 2014, we had excess capital of Ps.5,922.8 million. The Bank’s excess capital is aimed at supporting growth, and consequently, a higher leverage of the Bank’s balance sheet.

For further information regarding management and administration guidelines in relation to liquidity risk please note 18 “Risk management policies” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014. Additionally for further information regarding our restricted assets, assets in custody and trust agreements please see notes 8 “Restricted assets,” 12 “Items in custody” and 14 “Trust agreements” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

 

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Minimum capital requirements

Our excess capital (representing the amount in excess of minimum reserve requirements of the Central Bank) is as set forth in the table:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2012     2013 (1)     2014  
    

(in thousands of Pesos, except

ratios and percentages)

 

Calculation of excess capital:

      

Allocated to assets at risk

     2,446,593        2,516,833        3,667,402   

Allocated to Bank premises and equipment, intangible assets and equity investment assets

     176,186        179,776        185,636   

Market risk

     36,136        52,026        388,136   

Operational risk

     693,492        709,873        1,278,035   

Interest rate risk (2)

     806,636        838,215        —     

Government sector and securities in investment account

     55,332        55,866        138,693   

Required minimum capital under Central Bank Rules

     4,214,375        4,352,590        5,657,902   

Ordinary capital Level 1 (COn1)

     6,035,439        8,150,742        11,204,326   

Deductible concepts COn1

     (367,736     (363,488     (431,969

Additional capital Level 1 (CAn1)

     458,520        412,668        366,816   

Capital Level2 (COn2)

     154,980        388,919        441,495   

Total capital under Central Bank Rules

     6,281,203        8,588,841        11,580,668   

Excess capital

     2,066,828        4,236,251        5,922,766   

Selected capital and liquidity ratios:

      

Regulatory capital/risk weighted assets

     19.01     25.29     24.02

Average shareholders’ equity as a percentage of average total assets

     12.30     13.79     15.37

Total liabilities as a multiple of total shareholders’ equity

     6.80     5.87     5.53

Cash as a percentage of total deposits

     27.76     29.61     28.21

Liquid assets as a percentage of total deposits (3)

     31.75     33.34     40.57

Loans as a percentage of total assets

     65.15     65.81     58.32

 

(1) Based on Communication “A” 5369, the calculation for the total capital requirement as of January 2013 remains as reference for the total capital requirement for 2013.
(2) According to Communication “A” 5369 of BCRA the interest rate risk requirement has been excluded from the total capital requirement since February 2013, being January 2013 the last month where interest risk requirement should be contemplated.
(3) Liquid assets include cash, cash collateral, reverse repos, Lebacs and Nobacs and interfinancing loans.

As of December 31, 2014, we had no material commitments for capital expenditures. We believe that our capital resources are sufficient for our present capital requirements on an individual and a consolidated basis.

Funding

Our principal source of funding is mainly deposits from individuals and corporate clients located in Argentina. Deposits include checking accounts, savings accounts and time deposits. The following table sets forth our sources of funding as of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

 

     As of December 31  
     2012 (1)      2013      2014  
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Deposits

        

From the non-financial government sector

     8,318,383         6,580,041         8,570,055   

From the financial sector

     24,222         26,874         38,683   

From the non-financial private sector and foreign residents

        

Checking accounts

     6,716,911         8,602,700         11,896,322   

Savings accounts

     6,467,624         8,440,709         11,013,878   

Time deposits

     13,596,225         18,416,520         21,510,754   

Investment accounts (2)

     149,325         199,003         190,503   

Other (3)

     737,414         878,032         1,137,750   

Accrued interest, adjustments, foreign exchange and quoted price differences payable

     178,568         283,139         358,609   

Borrowing from Central Bank and financial institutions

        

Central Bank

     21,725         21,994         16,959   

Banks and international institutions

     276,804         326,495         88,313   

Financing received from Argentine financial institutions

     85,135         56,942         51,787   

Other

     1,917,712         2,440,877         3,899,498   

Minority interest in subsidiaries

     51,355         69,502         93,001   

Non-subordinated Corporate Bonds

     541,705         718,044         942,115   

Subordinated Corporate Bonds

     740,192         981,142         1,287,317   

Shareholders’ equity

     6,199,095         8,627,431         11,491,817   

Total funding

     46,022,395         56,669,445         72,587,361   

 

(1) Due to the modification of certain disclosure methods defined for certain items in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, figures have been restated for comparability purposes. See “Presentation of certain financial and other information.”
(2) Time deposit payable at the option of the depositor.
(3) Includes, among others, expired time deposits and judicial deposits.

 

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Critical accounting policies

Our accounting and reporting policies comply with Central Bank Rules, which differ in certain significant respects from U.S. GAAP. See Note 35 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014 included in this annual report for a reconciliation of our audited financial statements to U.S. GAAP. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires management to make, in certain cases, estimates and assumptions to determine the book value of assets and liabilities, income, expenses and contingencies. Our financial position and results of operations are based on the best estimate regarding the probability of occurrence of different future events and, thereof, the final amount may differ from such estimates, which may have a positive or negative impact on future years.

Critical accounting policies are those accounting policies that require management to make estimates based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made and such estimates reasonably could have a material impact on the financial condition. Several factors are considered in determining whether or not a policy is critical in the preparation of our financial statements. These factors include, among others, whether the estimates are material to our financial statements, the nature of the estimates, the ability to readily validate the estimates with other information including information from third parties or available prices, and sensitivity of the estimates to changes in economic conditions and whether alternative accounting methods may be utilized under Central Bank Rules. Significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 4 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of the year ended December 31, 2014.

Allowance for loan losses

The loan loss reserve represents the estimate of probable losses in the loan portfolio. Pursuant to Central Bank Rules, a bank must classify its loan portfolio into two categories: consumer and commercial portfolio. Under each of these categories, customers are included within one of six sub-categories depending on the credit quality and the fulfillment of its obligations. A minimum allowance for loan losses is required to be established primarily based upon this classification and guarantees and collateral, supporting the transactions.

Determining the loan loss reserve requires significant management judgments and estimates. According to Central Bank Rules, for consumer portfolio, management must classify each customer based primarily on delinquency aging with the Bank and the financial system. For commercial portfolio, management must analyze the borrowers’ operating and payment history, ability to service its debt, its internal information and control systems and the risk of the sector in which it operates.

In addition, Central Bank Rules allows the Bank to establish additional allowances for loan losses and changes loan classification, as the case may be, based on management’s risk management policies. Our executive committee decided to increase the allowance for loan losses related to our loan portfolio as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 after evaluating the risk of our loan portfolio. Our management determines increase or decrease in allowances based on repayment estimates. International and local macroeconomic conditions generate a certain degree of uncertainty regarding future progress as a result of the contractions in growth levels, the volatility of financial assets and the foreign exchange market, among other issues, which has been observed with various degrees of intensity over the last few years. This scenario leads us to the assumption that some of the loans that currently make up our portfolio might sustain an impairment value.

The accounting for loan loss reserve under Central Bank Rules differs in some respects with practices of U.S.-based banks, as mentioned below.

Under U.S. GAAP loans are considered impaired when, based on management’s evaluation, a borrower will not be able to fulfill its obligation under the original loan terms.

The methodology used for calculating impairment involves significant judgment. First, it involves the early identification of credits that are deteriorating. Second, it involves judgment in establishing the inputs used to estimate the allowance and third, it involves management judgment to evaluate certain macroeconomic factors and other relevant internal and external factor affecting the credit quality of a current portfolio, and to refine loss factors to better reflect these conditions.

FASB ASC 310, not applicable for large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated, requires a creditor to measure impairment of a loan based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. An allowance for impaired loans is provided when discounted future cash flows or the fair value of the collateral is lower than the book value.

To calculate the allowance required for smaller-balance impaired loans and other groups of loans that have not yet been individually identified as impaired or measured in the group mention before, historical loss ratios are determined by analyzing historical losses. Loss estimates are analyzed by loan type for homogeneous groups of clients. Such historical ratios are updated to incorporate the most recent data reflecting current economic conditions, trends and any other pertinent information that may affect the estimation of the allowance for loan losses.

Management estimates require significant judgment including, among others, identifying impaired loans, determining customers’ ability to pay and estimating the fair value of underlying collateral or the expected future cash flows to be received. Actual events will likely differ from the estimates and assumptions used in determining the loan loss reserve. Additional loan loss reserves could be required in the future.

Income tax

In estimating accrued taxes, we assess the relative merits and risks of the appropriate tax treatment considering statutory, judicial and regulatory guidance in the context of the tax position.

 

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Because of the complexity of tax laws and regulations, interpretation can be difficult and subject to legal judgment. It is possible that others, given the same information, may at any point reach different reasonable conclusions regarding the estimated amounts of accrued taxes.

Changes in the estimate of accrued taxes occur periodically due to changes in tax rates, interpretations of the status of examinations being conducted by various taxing authorities, and newly-enacted statutory and regulatory guidance that impact the relative merits and risks of tax positions. These changes, when they affect accrued taxes, can be material to our operating results.

As explained in note 5 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014, Central Bank Rules do not require the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities and, therefore, income tax is recognized on the basis of amounts due in accordance with Argentine tax regulations and no deferred tax and liabilities are recognized.

For purposes of U.S. GAAP reporting, we apply FASB ASC 740 “Income Tax”. Under this method, income tax is recognized based on the liability method whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities at each reporting date. FASB ASC 740 requires the Bank to record an allowance for deferred tax assets to the extent that it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets will be realized, based on the weight of available evidence. In order to determine the amount of the valuation allowance required, in accordance with FASB ASC 740-10-30-16 through 30-25, we evaluate for each consolidated entity all available evidence, both positive and negative and the future realization of the tax benefit in a relatively short period of time, considering future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards and tax-planning strategies.

FASB ASC 740 also prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities.

There were no unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

Contingent liabilities

In the normal course of business, we are a party to lawsuits of various types. We disclose contingent liabilities with respect to existing or potential claims, lawsuits and other legal proceedings and record an accrual for litigation when it is probable that future costs will be incurred and these costs can be reasonably estimated. These accruals are based on the most recent developments, our evaluation of the merit of each claim, our assessment of the likely outcome of the litigation and our counsel’s advice in dealing with, litigating and settling this and other similar legal matters. Thus, these determinations are based on certain assumptions from our management. Changes to the accrual may be necessary if future events differ substantially from the assumptions used in the assessment for each period.

Fair Value of financial instruments

Under U.S. GAAP, a portion of our assets and liabilities are measured at fair value, including Government and private securities (debt instruments issued by Argentine government and the Central Bank and shares), other receivables from financial intermediation (mutual funds, securities in financial trusts and corporate bonds), forward transaction pending settlement and derivative instruments.

Under Central Bank Rules, those assets are valued as mentioned in Note 4.5 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

FASB ASC 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. To measure fair value, FASB ASC 820 has established a three-level hierarchy to prioritize the valuation input among (1) unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that we have the ability to access, (2) other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly and (3) prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.

When observable quoted prices are not available, fair value is based upon internally developed valuation techniques that use, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets. Financial instruments valued at this manner are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. We used the followings methods:

a) For unlisted government and private securities: yield curve based on observable inputs taking similar instruments and the less active market approach for identical instruments traded in the market that will have a “less active market”.

b) For corporate bonds: discounted cash flow.

For instruments classified in Levels 1 and 2, where inputs are principally based on observable market data, there is less judgment applied in arriving at the fair value measurement.

 

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For assets and liabilities that do not have similar or identical instruments traded in the market we used an internally developed model to measure significant instruments. Those instruments would be classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, which requires significant management judgment or estimation. In arriving at an estimate valuation policies and procedures for Level 3 instruments (in the case of the Bank mainly debt securities and derivative instruments) are under the direction of the accounting and financial management.

Management is in charge of developing, reviewing, approving and monitoring the key model inputs, critical valuation assumptions and proposed discount rates utilized for the valuation of Level 3 instruments. In addition, management is also in charge of monitoring the changes in fair values of Level 3 instruments from period to period.

An income approach is used in this level for estimates fair value. We use discounted cash flow methodologies, such as discount interest rate and projected exchange rate.

Our management believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, however, the use of different methodologies, or assumptions, to determine the fair value could result in a different estimate or fair value at different reporting dates.

C. Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, Etc.

We incur research and development expenses in connection with information technology projects. The amount spent during each of the last three years was not material. We plan infrastructure development (processing, telecommunications, Internet, information security) based upon present and projected future demand of such services. See Item 4. “Information on the Bank—Business Overview—Technology”.

D. Trend Information

We believe that the macroeconomic environment and the following trends in the Argentine financial system and in our business have affected and will, for the foreseeable future, continue to affect our results of operations and profitability. Our continued success and ability to increase our value to our shareholders will depend, among other factors, upon the economic growth in Argentine economy and the corresponding growth of the market for long-term private sector lending. For information about the macroeconomic environment see Item 5.A. “Operating Results”.

For 2015 we estimate a variation in the GDP similar to that of 2014, slightly affecting the growth of loans and deposits, recording figures slightly higher than those of the preceding year. We expect an unsubstantial increase in default levels and stable margins. Likewise, the efficiency ratio, measured as expenses over net financial and service income will remain stable.

The Argentine Financial System

The Argentine financial system has maintained a solid trend in the last three years with the Bank’s performance improving accordingly, as evidenced by the following indicators:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2012      2013      2014  
     (In million of Pesos)  

Banco Macro

        

Total loans

     31,203         39,022         43,740   

Total deposits

     36,189         43,427         54,717   

Financial System

        

Total loans

     433,925         563,344         666,170   

Total deposits

     595,764         752,422         979,691   

Source: Central Bank

Financial activity gained strength during the last three years.

Total loans in the financial system increased by 31% in 2012, 30% in 2013 and 18% in 2014 and amounted to Ps.666 billion as of December 31, 2014, driven by private sector loans.

Total deposits in the financial system increased by 29% in 2012, 26% in 2013 and 30% in 2014, driven by private sector deposits. Private sector deposits increased by 30% in 2012, 27% in 2013 and 31% in 2014, amounting to Ps.715 billion as of December 31, 2014. Public sector deposits increased 26% in 2012, 24% in 2013 and 27% in 2014, amounting to Ps.256 billion.

The level of loans and deposits over GDP was still low as of December 31, 2014, at 13% for total loans/GDP and 19% for total deposits/GDP. As a result of such GDP levels, we believe that there is considerable potential for growth in upcoming years.

Interest rates increased throughout the year due to a higher devaluation rate but were partially mitigated by the limits established by the Central Bank as of June 2014, maximum interest rates for personal loans and pledged loans. Additional the Central Bank established minimum interest rates applicable to certain term deposits made by individuals. For more information see Item 4.B “Argentine banking regulation—Interest rates and fees regulations”.

 

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Private sector lending

The extension of credits to the private sector in Argentina has recovered since 2010. During the last three years, loans to the private sector grew 32% in 2012, 31% in 2013 and 20% in 2014 for the financial system as a whole. This trend was also reflected in the evolution of our portfolio. Our private sector loan portfolio increased to Ps.31,204 million (29%) in 2012, to Ps.39,024 million (25%) in 2013 and Ps.44,108 million (13%) in 2014 as shown in the following table:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2012      2013      2014  
     (In million of Pesos)  

Banco Macro

        

Private sector loans

     31,204         39,024         44,108   

Financial System

        

Private sector loans

     383,674         501,857         603,969   

Source: Central Bank

We see the following trends in this important area of our business:

 

    As a result of our low cost of funds and our high level of liquidity, a key driver of our results is our ability to increase our lending within the scope of our credit policy, as such lending is always at a positive margin. Therefore, we have seen our gross intermediation margin widened as our private sector lending has increased.

 

    Growth prospects are subject to inflation and long-term fixed rate lending development. We believe that the main obstacle preventing a faster recovery of Argentina’s private sector long-term lending has been the uncertain outlook on long-term inflation, which has a significant impact on both the supply of and demand for long-term loans as borrowers try to hedge against inflation risk by borrowing at fixed rates while lenders hedge against inflation risk by offering loans at floating rates.

 

    Stable intermediation spread. Based on the low banking penetration in Argentina, we believe that the expected loan growth mix, with a larger participation of consumer loans compared to commercial loans, will improve spreads. However, price competition could offset this effect and intermediation spreads might remain stable.

Asset Quality

Since 2012, asset quality ratios deteriorated slightly as a consequence of the decrease in Argentina’s economic growth; however, the financial system continued to show low levels of non-performing portfolio and extensive coverage ratios for non-performing portfolio.

As of December 31, 2014, the non-performing credit portfolio level reached 1.8% of the total credit portfolio, whereas the coverage ratio level reached 142% for the financial system as a whole.

Our figures reflect the similar level and evolution registered by the financial system as a whole, with a non-performing ratio of 1.9% and a coverage ratio of 135% as of December 31, 2014. During 2012, 2013 and 2014, we established additional allowances above those required by the Central Bank, with the aim of maintaining the coverage ratio set forth by the Bank’s policies.

The table below reflects the asset quality of the Bank and the financial system for 2012, 2013 and 2014:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2012     2013     2014  

Banco Macro

      

Allowances/lending (1)

     2.7     2.5     2.6

Non-performing lending ratio (2)

     1.8     1.7     1.9

Coverage ratio (3)

     154     149     135

Financial System

      

Allowances/lending (1)

     2.1     2.0     2.4 %(4) 

Non-performing lending ratio (2)

     1.5     1.5     1.8

Coverage ratio (3)

     144     150     142

Source: Central Bank

 

(1) Allowances as a percentage of total credit portfolio. Credit portfolio includes loans, other receivables from financial transactions, financial leases, memorandum accounts—other guarantees provided and unused portion of loans granted (included in Debtors Rating Standards).
(2) Non-performing lending includes all lending to borrowers classified as “3—troubled/medium risk,” “4—with high risk of insolvency/high risk,” “5—irrecoverable” and “6—irrecoverable according to Central Bank Rules” under the Central Bank loan classification system.
(3) Allowances for uncollectivility risk as a percentage of non-performing credit portfolio.
(4) Most recent data is as of November 30, 2014.

 

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Profitability

The Argentine financial system continues its consolidation process after reaching a stage of more stable profits and accumulating positive results for over 13 years, which underscores the sector’s solvency.

During the last three years the profitability of the financial system increased by 32% in 2012, 50% in 2013 and 57% in 2014, achieving a total of Ps.45,937 million as of December 31, 2014.

The table below reflects the profitability of the Bank and the financial system for 2012, 2013 and 2014:

 

     2012     2013     2014  

Banco Macro

      

Net income (in millions of Pesos) (1)

     1,493,618        2,443,564        3,479,531   

Return on average equity

     27.1     33.3     33.4

Return on average assets

     3.3     4.6     5.1

Net income (in millions of Pesos) (1)

     19,497        29,169        45,937   

Return on average equity

     25.7     29.5     32.7

Return on average assets

     2.9     3.4     4.1

Source: Central Bank

 

(1) This indicator excludes results and asset accounts related to permanent interests in domestic financial institutions.

Commercial and balance sheet strategies

We have the most extensive branch network among private-sector banks in Argentina, with 93% of our branches located outside of the City of Buenos Aires. Our extended presence in Argentine regional economies and sectors that have benefited from Argentina´s economic recovery grant us a key advantage with respect to other banks upon competing in the credit expansion service in Argentina. In addition, this strong network of branches and the functions of financial agents from different provinces provide us with a source of growth and low cost in our deposit base.

We will continue with the diversification strategy regarding the credit portfolio, thus enabling to obtain satisfactory efficiency, growth, security and profitability in commercial management. We also intend to stress our assistance to small- and medium-sized enterprises, emphasizing the election of dynamic economic sectors and growth potential in industrial, commercial and service areas for the purpose of contributing to companies’ expansion and ensuring an acceptable return of the funds assigned. At the same time, a complete range of corporate financial services will be offered, including exports and imports financing, letters of credit confirmation and opening, and granting guarantees to third parties on behalf of its customers.

We maintain a strong position with respect to excess capital, the liquidity ratio and the level of our provisions for loan losses. To counteract the effects that a run on deposits may have, one of our main priorities is to give depositors confidence that we would be able to absorb losses and fulfill our obligations to them.

Our practice of maintaining high liquidity levels throughout the business cycles helps us to withstand the economic crisis by serving two key purposes. First, we have funds available in the face of adverse systemic events. Second, we give our depositors confidence that they would be able to have access to their deposits at any time, even during the depth of a crisis. We also minimize excess cash deposited in the Central Bank, without harming our overall liquidity position. In this way, we maximize the return on our liquidity stock by keeping funds in more profitable assets, such as Central Bank-issued Lebacs/Nobacs.

E. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We enter into various transactions involving off-balance sheet financial instruments and we use these instruments to meet the risk management, trading and financing needs of customers or for our proprietary trading and asset and liability management purposes.

These instruments are subject to varying degrees of credit and market risk. We monitor credit risk and market risk associated with on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments on an aggregate basis. We use the same credit policies in determining whether to enter or extend option contracts, commitments, conditional obligations and guarantees as we do for granting loans. Our management believes that the outstanding off-balance sheet items do not represent an unusual credit risk.

For additional information of financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk see note 33 “Financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

 

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F. Contractual Obligations

The following table represents our contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of December 31, 2014:

 

     Payments due by period  
     Total      Less than
1 year
     1-3 years      3-5 years      After
5 years
 
     (in thousands of Pesos)  

Contractual obligations

  

Central Bank

     16,959         10,746         6,108         105         0   

Banks and international institutions

     88,313         88,313         0         0         0   

Non-Subordinated Corporate Bonds

     942,115         32,225         909,890         0         0   

Financing received from Argentine financial institutions

     51,787         15,534         32,219         4,034         0   

Other

     3,899,498         3,807,404         0         0         92,094   

Operating leases

     192,301         74,491         89,548         18,443         9,819   

Subordinated corporate bonds

     1,287,317         4,517         0         0         1,282,800   

Total contractual obligations

     6,478,290         4,033,230         1,037,765         22,582         1,384,713   

Commercial commitments

              

Lines of credit

     84,076         79,743         4,333         0         0   

Guarantees

     257,953         59,074         104,311         2,411         92,156   

Standby letters of credit

     135,483         135,483         0         0         0   

Underwriting

     11,030         11,030         0         0         0   

Total commercial commitments

     488,542         285,331         108,644         2,411         92,156   

Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees

A. Directors and Senior Management

We are managed by our board of directors, which as of the date of this annual report is comprised of 12 members and 5 alternate members. On April 16, 2012, our shareholders approved the proposal of the board of directors and amended our bylaws increasing the maximum size of our Board from 12 to 13 members. Currently, the shareholders present at any annual ordinary meeting may determine the size of the board of directors, provided that there shall be no less than three and no more than thirteen directors. Any director so appointed will serve for three fiscal years. If the shareholders elect more than nine board members, each director will be re-elected as a staggered board, to be renewed by thirds, provided that in all cases no less than three directors shall be renewed each time. The annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting may also appoint an equal or lesser number of alternate directors, to hold office for the same term than regular directors, to fill any vacancy in the board occurring for any reason whatsoever, and shall further determine the order of substitution. Alternate directors shall hold office until the regular directors in whose place they have acted as substitutes shall resume office, and in case any such absence is permanent, until the next ordinary meeting of shareholders where at directors shall be appointed. Both regular and alternate directors may be re-elected indefinitely.

DUTIES AND LIABILITIES OF DIRECTORS

Under Argentine Corporate Law, directors have the obligation to perform their duties with the loyalty and the diligence of a prudent business person. Directors are jointly and severally liable to a corporation, the shareholders and third parties for the improper performance of their duties, for violating the law, the corporation’s bylaws or regulations, if any, and for any damage caused by fraud, abuse of authority or gross negligence. The following are considered integral to a director’s duty of loyalty: (i) the prohibition on using corporate assets and confidential information for private purposes; (ii) the prohibition on taking advantage, or to allow another to take advantage, by action or omission, of the business opportunities of the Bank; (iii) the obligation to exercise board powers only for the purposes for which the law, the corporation’s bylaws or the shareholders’ or the board of directors’ resolutions have intended; and (iv) the obligation to take strict care so that acts of the board do not go, directly or indirectly, against the Bank’s interests. A director must inform the board of directors and the supervisory committee of any conflicting interest he may have in a proposed transaction and must abstain from voting thereon.

Under Argentine law, the board of directors is in charge of the management and administration of the Bank and, therefore, makes any and all decisions in connection therewith, as well as those decisions expressly provided for in the Argentine Corporate Law, the Bank’s bylaws and other applicable regulations. Furthermore, the board is generally responsible for the execution of the resolutions passed by shareholders meetings and for the performance of any particular task expressly delegated by the shareholders. In general, our board of directors is more involved in operating decision-making than might be customary in other jurisdictions. The board of directors delegates affairs related to management and corporate activities to an executive committee with the assignment of specific duties pursuant to the Bank’s bylaws.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the members of the board of directors as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

   Age    Year First
Appointed
   Year of Expiration
of Term

Jorge Horacio Brito

   Chairman    62    2002    2014

Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo(1)

   Vice Chairman    62    2002    2014

Jorge Pablo Brito

   Director    35    2002    2014

Marcos Brito

   Director    32    2007    2014

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto

   Director    54    2002    2016

Luis Carlos Cerolini

   Director    60    2002    2016

Carlos Enrique Videla

   Director    69    2002    2015

 

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Alejandro Macfarlane

   Director    49    2005    2015

Guillermo Eduardo Stanley

   Director    66    2006    2015

Constanza Brito

   Director    33    2007    2015

Emmanuel Antonio Alvarez Agis (2)

   Director    33    2013    2015

Santiago Brito

   Alternate director    27    2012    2014

Santiago Horacio Seeber

   Alternate director    37    2012    2014

Ernesto Eduardo Medina

   Alternate director    47    2002    2014

Chrystian Colombo

   Alternate director    62    2012    2014

Nicolás Todesca (2)

   Alternate director    29    2014    2014

 

(1) Mr. Carballo was on leave of absence since November 7, 2011.
(2) Elected by ANSES (as manager of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad), through the exercise of its cumulative voting rights. See Item 10.B “Additional Information - Memorandum and Articles of Association—Quorum and voting requirements” for a description of cumulative voting.

On April 23, 2015, the ordinary shareholders’ meeting of the Bank approved the appointment of 5 of the 12 members of our board of directors. As result, it is composed as follows:

 

Name

  

Position

   Age    Year First
Appointed
   Year of Expiration
of Term

Jorge Horacio Brito

   Chairman    62    2002    2017

Guillermo Eduardo Stanley

   Vice Chairman    66    2006    2015

Jorge Pablo Brito

   Director    35    2002    2017

Marcos Brito

   Director    32    2007    2017

Delfín Federico Ezequiel Carballo

   Director    30    2015    2017

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto

   Director    55    2002    2016

Luis Carlos Cerolini

   Director    61    2002    2016

Carlos Enrique Videla

   Director    70    2002    2015

Alejandro Macfarlane

   Director    49    2005    2015

Constanza Brito

   Director    33    2007    2015

Emmanuel Antonio Alvarez Agis (1)

   Director    33    2013    2015

Nicolás Alejandro Todesca (1)

   Director    30    2014    2017

Santiago Brito

   Alternate director    27    2012    2017

Santiago Horacio Seeber

   Alternate director    38    2012    2017

Ernesto Eduardo Medina

   Alternate director    48    2002    2017

Matías Eduardo Carballo

   Alternate director    56    2015    2017

Haroldo Arián Montagu (1)

   Alternate director    35    2015    2017

 

(1) Elected by ANSES (as manager of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad), through the exercise of its cumulative voting rights. See Item 10.B “Additional Information - Memorandum and Articles of Association—Quorum and voting requirements” for a description of cumulative voting.

The following family relationships existed during 2014 or currently exist within our board of directors: (i) Jorge Horacio Brito and Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo are brothers-in-law; (ii) Jorge Pablo Brito, Marcos Brito and Santiago Brito are the sons of Jorge Horacio Brito and the nephews of Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo; (iii) Constanza Brito is the daughter of Jorge Horacio Brito and the niece of Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo; (iv) Jorge Horacio Brito and Juan Pablo Brito Devoto are cousins; (v) Jorge Pablo Brito, Marcos Brito, Constanza Brito and Santiago Brito are siblings; (vi) Delfín Federico Ezequiel Carballo is the son of Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo and the nephew of Jorge Horacio Brito and of Matías Eduardo Carballo; (vii) Delfín Federico Ezequiel Carballo and Jorge Pablo Brito, Marcos Brito, Constanza Brito and Santiago Brito are cousins and (viii) Matías Eduardo Carballo is a brother of Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo.

SENIOR MANAGEMENT

Our senior management oversees our day-to-day operations to ensure that our overall strategic objectives are being implemented. Two deputy general managers report to the executive committee; one is in charge of the commercial area and the other is in charge of the operating area. Senior managers report to them. In addition, we have the following committees comprised of different directors and senior management: executive committee, internal audit committee, systems committee, senior credit committee, assets and liabilities committee, anti-money laundering committee, senior legal recovery committee, risk management committee, ethics and compliance committee, corporate governance and appointments committee and personnel incentives committee.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of our executive officers and our senior management, as of December 31, 2014:

 

Names

  

Position

   Age    Year First
Appointed

Jorge Horacio Brito

   Chief Executive Officer    61    2002

Jorge Pablo Brito

   Chief Financial Officer    35    2006

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto

   Chief Accounting Officer    53    2002

Ernesto Eduardo Medina

   Deputy general manager in charge of operating area    47    2007

Guillermo Goldberg

   Deputy general manager in charge of commercial area    57    2007

Jorge Francisco Scarinci

   Finance and investor relations manager    44    2006

Ana María Magdalena Marcet

   Credit risk manager    53    2002

Alejandro Becka

   Corporate credit risk manager    44    2013

Miguel Leon Gurfinkiel (1)

   Government portfolio manager    64    2006

Juan Carlos Benoit

   Business banking manager    59    2013

Juan Alberto Piccinini

   Corporate banking manager    51    2013

Francisco Muro

   Distribution and sales manager    41    2008

Brian Anthony

   Human resources manager    41    2005

Antonio Carnuccio

   Systems manager    54    2014

Leonardo Gabriel Leonardis

   Organization and processes manager    47    2012

Eduardo Roque Covello

   Operations manager    57    2004

Gerardo Adrián Alvarez

   Administration manager    45    2010

Daniel Hugo Violatti

   Accountancy and tax manager    52    2003

 

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Cármen Esther Estévez

Internal audit manager 57 2002

María Milagro Medrano

Institutional relations manager 38 2002

Alberto Figueroa

Management control and compliance manager 54 2009

Ernesto López

Legal manager 42 2008

Sebastian Palla

Investment banking manager 40 2010

 

(1) Through March 2015.

The business addresses of Mr. Jorge H. Brito and Mr. Carballo are Sarmiento 735 and Esmeralda 130, 4th Floor, respectively, in each case in Buenos Aires. The business address of each of other current directors and senior managers is Sarmiento 447, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Set forth below are brief biographical descriptions of members of our board of directors and our senior management as of December 31, 2014:

Jorge Horacio Brito was born on July 23, 1952. He is the chairman of our board of directors, our Chief Executive Officer and a member of our executive committee and our senior credit committee. He has been with our bank since June 1988. Mr. Brito is the chairman of Asociación de Bancos Argentinos (Argentine Bank Association or ADEBA). He also serves as chairman of the board of directors of Banco del Tucumán S.A. and Inversora Juramento S.A.

Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo was born on November 21, 1952. He was the vice-chairman of our board of directors until April 23, 2015 (on leave of absence since November 7, 2011) and was our Chief Financial Officer until April 16, 2012. Mr. Carballo holds a law degree from the Law School of the Catholic University in Argentina. He was with our bank since June 1988. Mr. Carballo also serves as vice-chairman (on leave of absence) of the board of directors of Banco del Tucumán S.A. and Macro Securities S.A.

Jorge Pablo Brito was born on June 29, 1979. He is a member of our board of directors, and has been our Chief Financial Officer since April 16, 2012. He is a member of our executive committee, our assets and liabilities committee, our risk management committee and our senior legal recovery committee. He has been a member of the board since June 2002. Mr. Brito also serves as chairman of the board of directors of Macro Warrants S.A., Macro Securities S.A. and Coy Aike S.A., as vice-chairman of the board of directors of Inversora Juramento S.A., as director of Banco del Tucumán S.A., Mercado Abierto Electrónico S.A. and Macro Bank Limited.

Marcos Brito was born on October 5, 1982. He is a member of our board of directors and a member of our executive committee, our systems committee, our senior credit committee, our assets and liabilities committee, our anti-money laundering committee, our senior legal recovery committee and our risk management committee. He holds a business administration degree from the University Torcuato Di Tella. He has been a member of our staff since October 2005. Mr. Brito also serves as chairman of the board of directors of Comercio Interior S.A., as director of Inversora Juramento S.A. and as alternate director of Banco del Tucumán S.A.

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto was born on March 25, 1960. He is a member of our board of directors, our Chief Accounting Officer and a member of our internal audit committee and our anti-money laundering committee. Mr. Brito Devoto holds an accounting degree from the school of Economics of the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. He has been with our bank since June 1988. Mr. Brito Devoto serves as a chairman of the board of directors of Macro Bank Limited and Macro Fiducia S.A., as director of Macro Securities S.A. and as alternate director of Banco del Tucumán S.A.

Luis Carlos Cerolini was born on January 27, 1954. He is a member of our board of directors and a member of our anti-money laundering committee and our senior legal recovery committee. Mr. Cerolini holds a law degree granted by the National University of Córdoba in Argentina. He has been a member of the board since April 2000. Mr. Cerolini also serves as director of Banco del Tucumán S.A., Macro Fiducia S.A., Macro Securities S.A., Macro Warrants S.A. and Provincanje S.A.

Carlos Enrique Videla was born on March 21, 1945. He is a member of our board of directors and an independent member of our audit committee, our internal audit committee, our risk management committee, our ethics and compliance committee, our corporate governance and appointments committee and our personnel incentives committee. He has been a member of the board since December 1999. Mr. Videla holds a law degree from the Law School of the Catholic University of Argentina.

Alejandro Macfarlane was born on August 16, 1965. He is a member of our board of directors, and has been a member since April 2005, and is an independent member of our audit committee. He also serves as chairman of the board of directors of EDELAP S.A., EDEA S.A. and GRUPO AM S.A.

Guillermo Eduardo Stanley was born on April 27, 1948. He is a member of our board of directors, our anti-money laundering committee, our risk management committee, our ethics and compliance committee, our corporate governance and appointments committee and our personnel incentives committee. He has been a member of our board of directors since May 2006. Mr. Stanley holds a degree in finances from the Universidad Argentina de la Empresa (UADE). He is an independent member of our audit committee. He also serves as director of Inverlat S.A. On April 23, 2015, he was elected vice-chairman of our board of directors.

Constanza Brito was born on October 2, 1981. She is a member of our board of directors and a member of our executive committee, our systems committee, our internal audit committee, our risk management committee, our ethics and compliance committee, our corporate governance and appointments committee and our personnel incentives committee. She has been a member of our staff since May 2005. Ms. Brito has a degree in Human resources from the University of Salvador. She has been a member of our staff since May 2005. Ms. Brito also serves as alternate director of Banco del Tucumán S.A.

 

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Emmanuel Antonio Alvarez Agis was born in May 9, 1981. He has been a member of our board of directors since April 2013. He holds an economics degree and a masters degree from the University of Buenos Aires. He serves as Secretary of Economic Policy and Development Planning of the Ministry of Economy and Public Finances of the Republic of Argentina. He also serves as director of Pampa Energía S.A., Edenor S.A. and Transener S.A.

Santiago Brito was born on November 6, 1987. He is an alternate member of our board of directors. Mr. Brito has been with us since March 2006. He serves as alternate director of Inversora Juramento S.A. and director of Comercio Interior S.A.

Santiago Horacio Seeber was born on March 27, 1977. He is an alternate member of our board of directors. Mr. Seeber has been with us since November 2002. He also serves as vice-chairman of the board of directors of Anglia Sociedad Anónima, Financiera, de Mandatos y Servicios and of Comercio Interior S.A., director of Inversora Juramento S.A. and alternate director of Prosopis S.A, Tunas del Chaco S.A. Emporio del Chaco S.A., LAB Real Estate S.A. and BRICSA Holding S.A. (which registration is not completed yet) and manager of SunBay Investments LLC and SanBay S.A.

Ernesto Eduardo Medina was born on January 9, 1967. He is an alternate member of our board of directors, a deputy general manager in charge of operating area and a member of our systems committee and our risk management committee. He has been a member of our staff since February 1989. Mr. Medina holds a public accountant and business administration degree from the School of Economics of the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. In addition, Mr. Medina holds a degree in systems analysis from the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina, as well as a psychology degree from the Business and Social Sciences University. Mr. Medina also serves as director of Provincanje S.A. and as alternate director of Banco del Tucumán S.A.

Chrystian Gabriel Colombo was born on November 11, 1952. He was an alternate member of our board of directors and an independent member of our audit committee until April 23, 2015. Mr. Colombo holds a degree in economics from the school of Economics of the Catholic University of Argentina. He also serves as a chairman of the board of directors of Desarrollo Epsilon S.A., Las Dos Chozas S.A., Camuzzi Gas Inversora S.A. and Jismol Company S.A., and as alternate director of Impresora Contable S.A.

Nicolás Alejandro Todesca was born on January 14, 1985. He has been an alternate member of our board of directors since April 2014. He holds an economics degree from the University of Buenos Aires. He also serves as officer of the Economic Policy and Development Planning of the Ministry of Economy and Public Finances of the Republic of Argentina.

Guillermo Goldberg was born on January 31, 1957. He is our deputy general manager in charge of our commercial area. He is a member of our systems committee, our senior credit committee, our asset and liabilities committee and our risk management committee. Mr. Goldberg holds an economics degree from the School of Economics of the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Mr. Goldberg has been with us since July 2005.

Jorge Francisco Scarinci was born on May 19, 1970. He is our finance and investor relations manager. He is a member of our assets and liabilities committee. Mr. Scarinci holds an economic degree from the School of Economics of the University of Belgrano in Argentina, a master in finance from the University of CEMA and became CFA in 2001. Mr. Scarinci has been with us since May 2006.

Ana María Magdalena Marcet was born on February 24, 1961. She is our credit risk manager and a member of our senior credit committee, our senior legal recovery committee and our risk management committee. Ms. Marcet holds a public accountant, economics and business administration degree from the School of Economics of the University of Buenos Aires and a master in banking management from the University of CEMA, both located in Argentina. She has been a member of our staff since December 1996.

Alejandro Becka was born on April 23, 1970. He is our corporate credit risk manager and a member of our senior credit committee. He holds a public accountant degree from the School of Economics of the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina and a master degree in financial administration from the University Torcuato Di Tella. He has been with us since September 1994.

Miguel Leon Gurfinkiel was born on December 13, 1950. He was our government portfolio manager through March 2015. He had been a member of our staff since April 2006.

Juan Carlos Benoit was born on January 13, 1955. He is our business banking manager and a member of our senior credit committee and our assets and liabilities committee. He holds an engineering degree in agricultural production from Catholic University of Argentina and a post-graduate degree in marketing from the Universidad Argentina de la Empresa (UADE). He has been with us since April 2007.

Juan Alberto Piccinini was born on September 28, 1963. He is our corporate banking manager. He holds a masters degree in business administration from the University of Palermo in Argentina. He has been with us since February 2012.

Francisco Muro was born on March 2, 1973. He is our distribution and sales manager and a member of our assets and liabilities committee. Mr. Muro holds an accounting degree from the School of Economics of the University of Buenos Aires and an MBA from the IAE (Universidad Austral). Mr. Muro has been with us since August 2004.

Brian Anthony was born on April 17, 1973. He is our human resources manager. He is a member of our systems committee, our ethics and compliance committee, our corporate governance and appointments committee and our personnel incentives committee. Mr. Anthony holds a business administration degree from the CAECE University. Mr. Anthony has been with us since September 2005.

 

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Antonio Carnuccio was born on February 13, 1960. He is our system manager and a member of our systems committee. He holds a banking organization degree from the Catholic University of Argentina. He has been with us since January 2011.

Leonardo Gabriel Leonardis was born on May 12, 1967. He is in charge of our organization and processes management. He has been with us since July 1987.

Eduardo Roque Covello was born on February 20, 1957. He is our operations manager. Mr. Covello holds a business administration degree from the Argentine Business School. He has been a member of our staff since January 1996.

Gerardo Adrián Alvarez was born on December 13, 1969. He is our administration manager and a member of our anti-money laundering committee. Mr. Alvarez holds a law degree from the University of Argentine Federal Police and a post-graduate degree in Money Laundering from University Torcuato Di Tella. He has been with us since January 2006.

Daniel Hugo Violatti was born on May 27, 1962. He is our accountancy and tax manager. Mr. Violatti holds an accounting degree from the School of Economics of the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. He has been a member of our staff since December 1997.

Cármen Esther Estévez was born on April 28, 1957. She is our internal audit manager and a member of our internal audit committee and our systems committee. Ms. Estévez holds an accounting degree and a master degree in system audits from the School of Economics of the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. She has been a member of our staff since October 1997.

María Milagro Medrano was born on October 27, 1976. She is our institutional relations manager. She is an alternate director of Banco del Tucumán S.A. Ms. Medrano holds a business administration degree from the Catholic University of Salta in Argentina. She has been a member of our staff since April 1997.

Alberto Figueroa was born on September 1, 1960. He is our management control and compliance manager. He is a member of our systems committee, our risk management committee, our ethics and compliance committee and our anti-money laundering committee. He holds a public accounting degree from the School of Economics of the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. He has been with us since March 2007.

Ernesto López was born on October 5, 1972. He is our legal manager and a member of our senior legal recovery committee. Mr. López holds a law degree from the Law School of the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. He has been a member of our staff since October 1999.

Sebastian Palla was born on June 12, 1974. He is our investment banking manager. He holds a economics degree from University Torcuato Di Tella. He has been with us since February 2009.

B. Compensation

Argentine law provides that the compensation paid to all directors and syndics (including those directors who are also members of senior management) in a fiscal year may not exceed 5.0% of net income for such year, if the Bank is not paying dividends in respect of such net income. Argentine law increases the annual limitation on director compensation to up to 25.0% of net income based on the amount of such dividends, if any are paid. In the case of directors that perform duties at special commissions or perform administrative or technical tasks, the aforesaid limits may be exceeded if a shareholders’ meeting so approves and such issue is included in the agenda and is in accordance with the regulations of the CNV. In any case, the compensation of all directors and members of the supervisory committee requires shareholders’ approval at an ordinary meeting.

The aggregate amount of compensation paid by Banco Macro and their subsidiaries to all of their directors, alternate directors and members of supervisory committee for fiscal year 2014 was Ps.163.4 million. The aggregate amount of compensation paid by Banco Macro to its senior management during 2014 was Ps.37.5 million, including salaries and bonuses. This amount also includes compensation accrued during 2013 and paid in 2014.

Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries have entered into any agreement that provides for any benefit or compensation to any director after the expiration of his term or upon his retirement.

C. Board Practices

Corporate Governance

As a listed company on the NYSE, we are required under the rules governing listed companies to (i) comply with SEC’s requirements concerning an audit committee, (ii) submit an annual written affirmation to the NYSE and interim written affirmations, if applicable, (iii) disclose any significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those followed by domestic companies under the NYSE listing standards, and (iv) our CEO must promptly notify the NYSE in writing after any executive officer becomes aware of any

 

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non-compliance with any of the applicable NYSE corporate governance rules. We incorporate the information regarding the significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those followed by domestic companies under the NYSE listing standards by reference to our website www.macro.com.ar. For further information see item 16.G.

Independence of the Members of the Board of Directors and the Supervisory Committee

The members of the board of directors and the supervisory committee of a public company such as us must inform the CNV within ten days from the date of their appointment whether such members of the board of directors or the supervisory committee are “independent”.

A director shall not be considered independent in certain situations, including where a director (i) owns a 15% equity interest in a company, or a lesser interest if such director has the right to appoint one or more directors of a company (hereinafter “significant participation”) or has a significant participation in a corporation having a significant participation in the company or a significant influence in the company; (ii) depends on shareholders, or is otherwise related to shareholders, having a significant participation in the company or of other corporations in which these shareholders have directly or indirectly a significant participation or significant influence; (iii) is or has been in the previous three years an employee of the company; (iv) has a professional relationship or is a member of a corporation that maintains professional relationships with, or receives remuneration (other than the one received in consideration of his performance as a director) from, a company or its shareholders having a direct or indirect significant participation or significant influence on the same, or with corporations in which the shareholders also have a direct or indirect significant participation or a significance influence; (v) directly or indirectly sells or provides goods or services to the company or to the shareholders of the same who have a direct or indirect significant participation or significant influence, for higher amounts than his remuneration as a member of the administrative body; or (vi) is the spouse, legally acknowledged partner or parent (up to second grade of affinity or consanguinity) of persons who, if they were members of the administrative body, would not be independent, according to the above listed rules.

Carlos Enrique Videla, Alejandro Macfarlane, Guillermo Eduardo Stanley, Emmanuel Antonio Alvarez Agis, Nicolás Todesca and Haroldo Arián Montagu qualified as independent members of the board of directors under these criteria.

Pursuant to the Capital Markets Law, all of the members of the supervisory committee of companies admitted to the public offering regime shall have independent status.

Additionally, the Buenos Aires Professional Council of Economic Sciences (Consejo Profesional de Ciencias Económicas de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires or “CPCECABA”) also established certain requirements regarding the independence of public accountants which act as members of the supervisory committee. Pursuant to regulations issued by the CPCECABA and the CNV, syndics must be independent from the company they are auditing. A syndic will not be independent if: (i) it is the owner, partner, director, administrador, manager or employee of the company or economically related entities; (ii) it is the spouse or relative (colateral until fourth grade), or relatives by affinity until second grade, of one of the owners, partners, directors, administradors or managers; (iii) it is a shareholder, debtor, creditor or guarantor of the company or economically related entities, representing a significant amount if compared with its own wealth or the company’s net equity; (iv) it posses a significant amount of interest in the company or economically related entities (or if it has had such interest during the period to be audited); (v) if the remuneration depends on or is contigent with the conclusions or results of its auditing work; (vi) if the remuneration agreed depends on the result of the operations of the company.

Alejandro Almarza, Carlos Javier Piazza, Vivian Haydee Stenghele, Alejandro Carlos Piazza, Leonardo Pablo Cortigiani and Javier Rodrigo Siñeriz qualified as independent members of our supervisory committee under these criteria.

For information on the expiration of current terms of directors see Item 6.A “Directors and Senior Management”.

For information on service contracts with directors providing benefits upon termination of employment see Item 6.B “Compensation”.

Supervisory Committee

Our bylaws provide for a supervisory committee, which consists of three syndics and three alternate syndics that serve for a term of one fiscal year. Pursuant to the Argentine Corporate Law, only lawyers and accountants admitted to practice in Argentina or civil partnerships composed of such persons may serve as syndics of an Argentine sociedad anónima, or limited liability corporation.

The primary responsibilities of the supervisory committee are to monitor the management’s compliance with Argentine Corporate Law, the bylaws, its regulations, if any, and the shareholders’ resolutions, and to perform other functions, including, but not limited to: (i) attending meetings of the board of directors, management committee and shareholders, (ii) calling extraordinary shareholders’ meetings when deemed necessary and ordinary and special shareholders’ meetings when not called by the board of directors and (iii) investigating written complaints of shareholders. In performing these functions, the supervisory committee does not control our operations or assess the merits of the decisions made by the directors.

The supervisory committee has unlimited access to our books and registers and a right to request as much information as necessary for the performance of its duties.

 

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The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the members of our supervisory committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

   Age    Year of
Appointment
   Term Ended  

Alejandro Almarza

   Syndic    56    2014      April 2015   

Carlos Javier Piazza

   Syndic    56    2014      April 2015   

Vivian Haydee Stenghele (1)

   Syndic    45    2014      April 2015   

Alejandro Carlos Piazza

   Alternate syndic    60    2014      April 2015   

Leonardo Pablo Cortigiani

   Alternate syndic    46    2014      April 2015   

Javier Rodrigo Siñeriz (1)

   Alternate syndic    44    2014      April 2015   

 

(1) Elected by ANSES (as manager of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad), through the exercise of its cumulative voting rights. See Item 10.B “Additional Information - Memorandum and Articles of Association - Quorum and voting requirements” for a description of cumulative voting.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the members of our supervisory committee elected by the ordinary shareholders’ meeting held on April 23, 2015:

 

Name

  

Position

   Age    Year of
Appointment
   Current
Term Ends
 

Alejandro Almarza

   Syndic    57    2015      April 2016   

Carlos Javier Piazza

   Syndic    56    2015      April 2016   

Vivian Haydee Stenghele (1)

   Syndic    45    2015      April 2016   

Alejandro Carlos Piazza

   Alternate syndic    60    2015      April 2016   

Leonardo Pablo Cortigiani

   Alternate syndic    46    2015      April 2016   

Javier Rodrigo Siñeriz (1)

   Alternate syndic    44    2015      April 2016   

 

(1) Elected by ANSES (as manager of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad), through the exercise of its cumulative voting rights. See Item 10.B “Additional Information - Memorandum and Articles of Association - Quorum and voting requirements” for a description of cumulative voting.

Set forth below are brief biographical descriptions of the members of our supervisory committee as of December 31, 2014:

Alejandro Almarza is a syndic on our supervisory committee. Mr. Almarza holds an accounting degree from the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Mr. Almarza also serves as syndic of Macro Securities S.A., Macro Fiducia S.A., Banco del Tucumán S.A., Macro Warrants S.A., and Seguro de Depósitos S.A. Mr. Almarza was admitted to the Accountants Professional Association of the City of Buenos Aires in 1983.

Carlos Javier Piazza is a syndic on our supervisory committee. Mr. Piazza holds an accounting degree from the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Mr. Piazza also serves as syndic of Macro Warrants S.A. and served as alternate syndic of Macro Securities S.A., Macro Fiducia S.A. and Banco del Tucumán S.A. Mr. Piazza was admitted to the Accountants Professional Association of the City of Buenos Aires in 1983.

Vivian Haydee Stenghele is a syndic on our supervisory committee. Ms. Stenghele holds an accounting degree from the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Ms. Stenghele also serves as syndic of Nucleoeléctrica Argentina S.A. and Nación Factoring S.A. and as alternate syndic of S.A. San Miguel, Consultatio S.A. and Tandanor S.A. Ms. Stenghele is a member of the Accountants Professional Association of the City of Buenos Aires.

Alejandro Carlos Piazza is an alternate syndic on our supervisory committee. Mr. Piazza holds accounting and business administration degree from the School of Economics of the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Mr. Piazza also serves as syndic of Macro Warrants S.A., Macro Fondos Sociedad Gerente de Fondos Comunes de Inversion S.A., CRIBA S.A. and Ingemática S.A. and as alternate syndic of Macro Securities S.A. and Macro Fiducia S.A. Mr. Piazza was admitted to the Accountants Professional Association of the City of Buenos Aires in 1978.

Leonardo Pablo Cortigiani is an alternate syndic on our supervisory committee. Mr. Cortigiani holds an accounting degree from the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Mr. Cortigiani also serves as syndic of Macro Fiducia S.A., Macro Fondos Sociedad Gerente de Fondos Comunes de Inversion S.A., Macro Securities S.A. and serves as alternate syndic of Macro Warrants S.A. Mr. Cortigiani was admitted to the Accountants Professional Association of the City of Buenos Aires in 1995.

Javier Rodrigo Siñeriz is an alternate syndic on our supervisory committee. Mr. Siñeriz holds a law degree from the Law School of the Catholic University of Argentina. Mr. Siñeriz also holds a master degree in law and juricature from the Austral University, a master degree in Govermental law from the School of Lawyers of the government and a specialization in fiscal law from the Litoral National University. He is also a certified financial advisor from the Spaniard Institute of Financial Advisors (Instituto Español de Asesores Financieros). Mr. Siñeriz also serves as syndic of Pellegrini S.A. Gerente de Fondos Comunes de Inversión, Intercargo SAC, SA San Miguel AGICI y F and Administradora de Recursos Ferroviarios SACPEM and as an alternate syndic of Nación Leasing S.A., Nación Servicios S.A., Energía Argentina S.A., Fábrica Argentina de Aviones Brig. San Martín S.A., Líneas Aéreas Federales S.A., Sociedad Operadora Ferroviaria S.E., BICE (Banco de Inversión y Comercio Exterior) and Tandanor SACIyN.

Audit Committee

As of the date of this annual report, our audit committee is comprised of three directors, all of which have independent status according to CNV. The Argentine independence standards under the rules of the CNV differ in many ways from the NYSE, NASDAQ and U.S. federal securities law standards. See item 16.G “Corporate Governance”.

The audit committee is responsible for the fulfillment of the duties within its powers, as set forth under the Capital Markets Law, including, among others, the following: (i) delivering an opinion regarding the board of director’s proposal of appointment of our external auditors

 

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and controlling their independent status, (ii) supervising the correct performance of our internal control and accounting systems, (iii) supervising the observance of the policies regarding information about our risk management and (iv) delivering an opinion regarding transactions with related parties or transactions that may threaten any conflicts of interest.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the members of the audit committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

   Age    Year of
Appointment
   Status  

Carlos Enrique Videla

   Chairman    69    2014      Independent   

Guillermo Eduardo Stanley

   Vice Chairman    66    2014      Independent   

Alejandro Macfarlane

   Member    49    2014      Independent   

Chrystian Colombo

   Alternate Member    62    2014      Independent   

All of the members of our audit committee who were appointed through a resolution of the board of directors dated May 2, 2007 were elected for one-fiscal year renewable terms. They were renewed by our board of directors on June 6, 2008, April 24, 2009, May 7, 2010, May 5, 2011, April 16, 2012, April 11, 2013 and April 29, 2014. On April 23, 2015, our board of directors reappointed Carlos Enrique Videla, Guillermo Eduardo Stanley and Alejandro Macfarlane as members of our audit committee for fiscal year 2015.

A brief biographical description of the members of our audit committee is included in Item 6.A “Directors and Senior management”.

Committees Reporting to the Board of Directors and to the CEO and the CFO

The following committees are under the supervision of our board of directors:

Executive committee. The executive committee is responsible for the management of the business and common affairs of the Bank and its powers include to: (i) manage the business and common affairs of the Bank and all other matters delegated by the board of directors; (ii) develop the commercial, credit and financial policy of the Bank subject to the goals approved by the board of directors; (iii) establish, maintain, eliminate, restructure or move the offices and areas of the administrative and operating organization of the Bank; (iv) establish special committees and approve various operating structures and determine the scope of their functions and duties; (v) approve personnel, including to appoint the General Manager, Assistant Managers, Executive Vice Presidents and other Department Heads and Managers, and to set the amount of their remunerations, working terms and conditions and any other personnel policy measure, including promotions; (vi) propose the establishment, opening, moving or closing of branches, agencies or representatives in the country or abroad; and (vii) supervise the management of subsidiary companies and of the other companies in which the Bank holds a participating interest and to propose to the board of directors the incorporation, acquisition or total or partial sale of participating interests in companies in financial services.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the members of our executive committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

 

Position

Jorge Horacio Brito

  Chairman

Jorge Pablo Brito

  Director

Marcos Brito

  Director

Constanza Brito

  Director

Internal audit committee. The internal audit committee is responsible for supervising the correct functioning of our internal control systems and procedures. Furthermore, this committee reviews our annual and quarterly financial statements, the external auditor’s reports, the syndic’s reports, the relevant financial information and the audit committee’s reports.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the members of the internal audit committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

 

Position

Constanza Brito

  Director

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto

  Director

Carlos Videla

  Director – Independent

Cármen Esther Estévez

  Internal audit manager

Systems committee. The systems committee is responsible for the issuance of the systems and operations management policies. Furthermore, this committee verifies that the several management plans are in accordance with our business strategy and oversees the implementation of our strategic projects.

 

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The main functions of the systems committee are to: i) oversee the proper functioning of Information Technology and Systems, ii) contribute to the improvement of the information technology and systems environment effectiveness; iii) note Systems Plan; iv) periodically evaluate the Systems Plan and review its compliance; v) review the reports issued by environmentally related audits of Information Technology and Systems and oversee the implementation of corrective actions designed to stabilize or minimize any weaknesses observed; and vi) maintain timely communication with officials of the External Audit Management Systems Division of the Superintendency in relation with any problems identified in inspections and monitor actions undertaken to solve such problems.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of senior members of the systems committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

Marcos Brito

   Director

Constanza Brito

   Director

Guillermo Goldberg

   Deputy general manager

Ernesto Eduardo Medina

   Deputy general manager

Brian Anthony

   Human Resources manager

Antonio Carnuccio

   Systems manager

Alberto Figueroa

   Management control and compliance manager

Cármen Esther Estevez

   Internal audit manager

Senior credit committee. The senior credit committee is responsible for the issuance of our credit policy and credit analysis guidelines. Furthermore, this committee reviews and approves credit transactions in excess of Ps.25,000,000 and examines periodic reports related to our loan portfolio.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the senior members of the senior credit committee, as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

Jorge Horacio Brito

   Chairman

Marcos Brito

   Director

Guillermo Goldberg

   Deputy general manager

Ana María Magdalena Marcet

   Credit risk manager – coordinator

Alejandro Becka

   Corporate credit risk manager

Juan Carlos Benoit

   Business banking manager

Assets and liabilities committee. The assets and liabilities committee is responsible for the financial strategy of the Bank. In addition, it carries on deep market analysis and establishes strategic policies related to the Bank’s liquidity, market, interest rate and currency risks.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the senior members of our assets and liabilities committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

Jorge Pablo Brito

   Director

Marcos Brito

   Director

Guillermo Goldberg

   Deputy general manager

Juan Carlos Benoit

   Business banking manager

Francisco Muro

   Retail banking manager

Jorge Francisco Scarinci

   Finance and Investor relations manager

Anti-money laundering committee. The anti-money laundering committee is responsible for planning, coordinating and monitoring compliance with anti-money laundering policies approved by the board of directors and its powers include to: (i) define policies for compliance with anti-money laundering corporate guidelines, (ii) be a permanent forum for the discussion of money laundering and terrorist financing risks that affect the Bank, (iii) promote the definition of strategies controls to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing and implement such controls, (iv) be responsible for the continued update of the manual of procedures for the prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing, in accordance with regulatory changes and new Bank needs, (v) monitor the implementation of a program designed to provide training and raise awareness regarding the prevention and control of money laundering and terrorist financing, (vi) establish appropriate mechanisms for internal reporting of unusual / suspicious activities, (vii) analyze any unusual or suspicious transactions to be reported to the relevant governmental agencies in compliance with applicable regulations, and subsequently inform to the board of directors, (viii) provide support to the head of the anti-money laundering committee in the examination of unusual or suspicious transactions, (ix) approve and follow-up on the work program submitted by the anti-money laundering committee for the relevant fiscal year, for which it will report to the board of directors and (x) perform any other duties that may be imposed under applicable laws and regulations.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the senior members of our anti-money laundering committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

Marcos Brito

   Director

Luis Carlos Cerolini

   Director

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto

   Director

Guillermo Eduardo Stanley

   Independent Director

Alberto Figueroa

   Management control and compliance manager

Gerardo Adrián Alvarez

   Administration Manager

 

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Senior legal recovery committee. The senior legal recovery committee manages outstanding loans on behalf of the board of directors, which nevertheless retains its power in that regard. The committee’s functions and powers are to: i) define and approve the general debt reduction and refinancing policy; ii) decide on repayment or refinancing proposals in amounts exceeding Ps.5.0 million or, in certain exceptional circumstances, amounts exceeding Ps.2.0 million; iii) analyze and decide on proposals for the termination of account management and the filing of court proceedings for unpaid principal amounts and higher than Ps.2.0 million; iv) discuss and decide on recovery policies or portfolio sales proposed by the Junior Recovery Committee and v) decide on the value of assets to be auctioned where the outstanding debt exceeds Ps.5.0 million.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the senior members of our Senior Legal Recovery committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

Jorge Pablo Brito    Director
Marcos Brito    Director
Luis Carlos Cerolini    Director
Ernesto López    Legal manager
Ana María Magdalena Marcet    Credit Risk manager

Risk Management Committee: The committee is responsible for monitoring senior management activities involving the management of credit, market, liquidity, operational, compliance and reputational risks, among others. The committee’s mission is to supervise that the controls and procedures in place are adequate to mitigate any risk, and to recommend and implement updates to risk management policies and procedures. In addition, this committee gives advice to the board of directors regarding the Bank’s overall risk. Furthermore, this committee is responsible for notifying the board of directors and senior management about any failure to comply with applicable limits to risk exposure, suggesting remedies, such as assuming the risk or mitigating the risk.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the senior members of our risk management committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

Jorge Pablo Brito    Director
Marcos Brito    Director
Constanza Brito    Director
Carlos Videla    Director - Independent
Guillermo Stanley    Director - Independent
Guillermo Goldberg    Deputy general manager
Ernesto Eduardo Medina    Deputy general manager
Alberto Figueroa    Management control and compliance manager
Ana María Magdalena Marcet    Credit risk manager

Ethics and Compliance Committee: This committee is responsible for implementing ethic guidelines set forth by the board of directors and supervising compliance. In addition, this committee promotes the implementation of the Bank’s social responsibility policies and fosters the adoption of such policies by setting forth tools and procedures that will enable management to incorporate social responsibility policies and consequently spread those policies within the Bank.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the senior members of our ethics and compliance committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

Carlos Videla    Director - Independent
Constanza Brito    Director
Guillermo Stanley    Director - Independent
Alberto Figueroa    Management control and compliance manager
Brian Anthony    Human resources manager

Corporate Governance and Appointments Committee: This committee is responsible for processes related to the renewal, substitution and succession of members of our senior management. This committee is also responsible for the implementing our Corporate Governance Code at the Bank and its subsidiaries.

The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the senior members of our corporate governance and appointments committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

Constanza Brito    Director
Carlos Videla    Director - Independent
Guillermo Stanley    Director - Independent
Brian Anthony    Human Resources manager

Personnel Incentives Committee: The committee’s main functions are to control that incentives plans to all personnel -excluding directors- is consistent with the business culture, goals, long term business plan, business strategy, the control environment of the Bank and prudent risk taking.

 

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The following table sets forth certain relevant information of the senior members of our personnel incentives committee as of December 31, 2014:

 

Name

  

Position

Constanza Brito    Director
Carlos Videla    Director - Independent
Guillermo Stanley    Director - Independent
Brian Anthony    Human Resources manager

D. Employees

As of December 31, 2014, we had 8,693 employees, 40% of whom worked at our headquarters and the remaining 60% at our branches. Our employees are represented by a national bank union, which negotiates a collective bargaining agreement setting minimum wages for all of its members. We maintain good relations with our employees and have never experienced a work stoppage.

 

     As of December 31,  
Employees    2012      2013      2014  

Headquarters

     3,211         3,341         3,453   

Branches

     5,289         5,272         5,240   

Total (1)

     8,500         8,613         8,693   

 

(1) Were workers performing their duties pursuant to the “Acciones de entrenamiento para el trabajo” program of the Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security and other casual workers included, the number of employees of the Bank would have been 8,534, 8,708 and 8,728 for 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively. We do not account for such workers as employees, as the Bank does not remunerate them for their services, which are paid directly by the Argentine province where they work.

E. Share Ownership

As of March 31, 2015, the persons who were members of our board of directors and our supervisory committee held as a group a total of 231,381,058 shares of our capital stock. This represented approximately 40% of our outstanding capital stock and 43% of the voting rights as of such date. Other than Jorge Horacio Brito, Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo, Juan Pablo Brito Devoto and Jorge Pablo Brito, no member of our board of directors or our supervisory committee directly or beneficially owned shares of the Bank as of March 31, 2015. In addition, Alberto Figueroa and Alejandro Becka, members of our senior management, each beneficially owned less than one percent of Class B shares as of March 31, 2015.

The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of our shares by the members of our board of directors and our supervisory committee, as of March 31, 2015:

 

Shareholder Name   

Number of Class A

shares owned

    

Number of Class B

shares owned

   

Percentage of

Capital stock (%)

   

Percentage of

Voting rights(%)

 

Jorge Horacio Brito

     5,366,463         109,793,463        19.70     21.70

Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo

     4,895,416         106,805,523 (1)      19.11     20.85

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto

     289,453         4,230,732 (1)      0.77     0.90

Jorge Pablo Brito

     —           8        0.00     0.00

Total

     10,551,332         220,829,726        39.58     43.45

 

(1) Includes capital stock held in the form of ADSs issued by the Bank of New York.

Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions

A. Major Shareholders

As of December 31, 2014, we had 584,563,028 outstanding shares of common stock, consisting of 11,235,670 Class A shares and 573,327,358 Class B shares. Each share of our common stock represents the same economic interests, except that holders of our Class A shares are entitled to five votes per share and holders of our Class B shares are entitled to one vote per share. Other than aforementioned differences among holders of Class A shares and holders of Class B shares, the holders of these shares listed in the table below do not have different voting rights.

The following table sets forth information regarding the ownership of our Class A and Class B shares as of December 31, 2014:

 

Shareholder Name   

Number of

Class A shares

owned

    

Number of
Class B shares

owned

    Total     

Percentage of

capital stock (%)

   

Percentage of

Voting rights (%)

 

ANSES (as manager of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad)

     —           184,120,650        184,120,650         31.50     29.25

Jorge Horacio Brito

     5,366,463         110,137,606        115,504,069        19.76     21.76

Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo

     4,895,416         106,805,523 (1)      111,700,939        19.11     20.85

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto

     281,590         4,838,299 (1)      5,119,889         0.87     0.99

Other Shareholders (2)

     692,201         167,425,280        168,117,481        28.76     27.15

Total

     11,235,670         573,327,358        584,563,028        100.00     100.00

 

(1) Includes capital stock held in the form of ADSs issued by the Bank of New York.
(2) Includes the Bank of New York as depositary of our ADSs.

 

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As of March 31, 2015, we had 584,563,028 outstanding shares of common stock, consisting of 11,235,670 Class A shares and 573,327,358 Class B shares. Each share of our common stock represents the same economic interests, except that holders of our Class A shares are entitled to five votes per share and holders of our Class B shares are entitled to one vote per share. Other than aforementioned differences among holders of Class A shares and holders of Class B shares, the holders of these shares listed in the table below do not have different voting rights.

The following table sets forth information regarding the ownership of our Class A and Class B shares as of March 31, 2015:

 

Shareholder Name    Number of
Class A shares
owned
    

Number of
Class B shares

owned

    Total      Percentage of
capital stock (%)
   

Percentage of

Voting rights (%)

 

ANSES (as manager of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad)

     —           184,120,650        184,120,650         31.50     29.25

Jorge Horacio Brito

     5,366,463         109,793,463        115,159,926         19.70     21.70

Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo

     4,895,416         106,805,523 (1)      111,700,939         19.11     20.85

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto

     289,453         4,230,732 (1)      4,520,185         0.77     0.90

Other Shareholders (2)

     684,338         168,376,990        169,061,328         28.92     27.29

Total

     11,235,670         573,327,358        584,563,028         100.00     100.00

 

(1) Includes capital stock held in the form of ADSs issued by the Bank of New York
(2) Includes the Bank of New York as depositary of our ADSs.

The table below represents the evolution of our capital stock and the material changes in equity participation of the major shareholders, in both cases, during the past three years:

 

Date    Capital Stock (Shares)      Event    Major Shareholders

December 31, 2012

     594,485,168         

Jorge H. Brito 20.40%

Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo 18.79%

ANSES (as manager of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad) 30.97%

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto 0.89%

December 31, 2013

     594,485,168         

Jorge H. Brito 19.87%

Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo 18.79%

ANSES (as manager of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad) 30.97%

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto 0.88%

December 31, 2014

     584,563,028      

Increase by 77,860(1)

Decrease by 10,000,000(2)

  

Jorge H. Brito 19.76%

Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo 19.11%

ANSES (as manager of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad) 31.50%

Juan Pablo Brito Devoto 0.88%.

 

(1) Related to the capital increase in the amount of 77,860 Class B shares issued and delivered to the minority shareholders of former Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A., in connection with its merger into Banco Macro.
(2) Related to decrease in capital stock resulting from the cancellation of 10,000,000 Class B shares as a consequence of the three-year term from its original acquisition (September through December 2011). These shares have not been sold and the shareholders´ meeting has issued no resolution as to the application thereof.

B. Related Party Transactions

We are not party to any transactions with, and have not made any loans to, any of our directors, key management personnel or other related parties, nor are there any proposed transactions with such persons, except for those permitted by applicable law. Some of our directors have been involved in certain credit transactions with us. The Argentine Corporate Law and Central Bank Rules allow directors of a corporation to enter into a transaction with such corporation if the transaction is in line with prevailing market practice.

“Related parties” under local regulations, refers to our directors, our key officers, our syndics, our controlling shareholders as well as individuals related to them and any entities directly or indirectly affiliated with any of these parties that are not required to be consolidated.

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 an aggregate of Ps.204.3 million, Ps.210.6 million and Ps.300.4 million, respectively, in financial assistance granted by us (including loans, leases and guarantees granted) was outstanding to related parties. The largest outstanding amount granted by us (including loans, leases and guarantees granted) to related parties during 2014 was a total amount of Ps.231.5 million to Inversora Juramento S.A. mainly composed of Ps.117.3 million of overdrafts (with a 34.7% average rate), Ps.44.4 million of other advances (with 25.1% average rate), Ps.36.6 million of other loans (with a 15.2% average rate) and Ps.31.9 million of credit card loans (with a 36.3% average rate).

All financial assistance to related parties (a) were made in the ordinary course of business; (b) were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons, and (c) did not involve more than the normal risk of collectibility or present other unfavorable features.

 

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Likewise, as of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, the total amount of deposits made by related parties to the Bank amounted to Ps.489.3 million, Ps.591.1 million and Ps.909.9 million, respectively. In addition, as of December 31, 2014 we held deposits for an aggregate amount of Ps.199.9 million made by ANSES (as manager of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad or Sustainability Guarantee Fund), which we consider “related party” as from April 2011 in accordance with FASB 850 and for purposes of this item (although it is not considered a “related party” under local rules). As of December 31, 2014 ANSES (as manager of the Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad or Sustainability Guarantee Fund) held 31.5% of the Bank’s capital stock and 29.25% of the Bank’s votes, following the issuance of Emergency Decree No. 441 in April 2011.

For further information regarding related party transactions see note 9 “Transactions with related parties” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

C. Interest of experts and counsel

Not applicable.

Item 8. Financial Information

A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information

See Item 18 and our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014 included in this annual report.

Legal Proceedings

We are involved in normal collection proceedings and other legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. We are not involved in any litigation or other legal proceedings that, if adversely determined, would individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on our operations.

For further information regarding legal proceedings, see note 17 “Tax and other claims” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014. In connection with such claims, the Bank’s management and its tax and legal advisors believe there are no additional significant effects to those already recognized in the books that may result from the final outcome of such claims.

As required by the BCRA Communication “A” 5689, we detail in note 20 “Summary Judgements and sanctions applied by the Central Bank against Banco Macro S.A. and Banco del Tucumás S.A.” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014 the summaries initiated and sanctions imposed by the BCRA to the Bank or their authorities, also we mention the sanctions imposed by the UIF and pending summaries at CNV and UIF. In January 2015, according to such regulations, the Bank accounted provisions for administrative and/or disciplinary sanctions, which were applied or initiated by the Central Bank, UIF and CNV. Such provisions totaled Ps.11.4 million. According to Central Bank Communication “A” 5707, if dividends were to be distributed, this amount shall also be deducted from the distributable amount.

On January 21, 2015, the CNV gave notice to us of Resolutions 17,585 and 17,586, specifying that it had decided to suspend Macro Securities and Banco Macro, respectively, as broker agents (Agentes de Liquidación y Compensación y Agente de Negociación—Integral) on a preventive basis as a result of alleged non-compliance of certain internal processes. Macro Securities and Banco Macro rejected and denied the allegations on which the CNV based the above-mentioned suspension and requested the release of such preventive measure through applicable proceedings. On January 28, 2015 and February 4, 2015, the CNV gave notice to us of Resolutions 17,587 and 17,599, respectively, removing the preventive measure of suspension previously ordered on Banco Macro and Macro Securities.

Dividend Policy

Although we do not have, and have no current plans to adopt, a formal dividend policy governing the amount and payment of dividends, we currently intend to pay dividends subject to approval by a majority vote of our shareholders. All shares of our capital stock are pari passu with respect to the payment of dividends.

In addition, we are subject to new Central Bank Rules regarding dividends distribution. Under these rules, dividends can not be distributed if after effecting such distribution certain minimum capital requirements are not met. For more information, see Item 4.B “Argentine banking regulation—Liquidity and Solvency Requirements—Requirements Applicable to Dividend Distribution”.

The following table sets forth the cash dividends paid to our shareholders from 2003 through 2013. All banks were prohibited by the Central Bank from paying dividends in respect of the results of 2001 and 2002.

 

Based on financial statements for year ended December 31,   Payment Dates  

Dividends per
Share

(in Pesos)

   

Aggregate Dividend
Payment

(in millions of Pesos)

 

2003

  July 2004     0.10       60.9  

2004

  April 2005     0.05       30.4  

2005

  May 2006     0.10       68.4  

2006

  May 2007     0.15       102.6  

 

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2007

May 2008   0.25      171.0   

2008

September 2009   0.25      149.9 (1) 

2009

June 2010   0.35      208.1   

2010

May 2011   0.85      505.3   

2013

July 2014   1.02      596.3   

2014

(2)   1.02      596.3   

 

(1) For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, dividends paid in cash were Ps.148.3 million based on the outstanding number of shares on the payment dates.
(2) As of the data of this annual report, dividend payments for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 are still pending approval from the Central Bank.

For fiscal years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 we were not able to distribute dividends because we did not reach the regulatory threshold for dividend distribution under Central Bank regulations. We cannot assure that in the future we will be able to reach this regulatory threshold for dividend distribution.

Our shareholders’ meeting held on April 23, 2015, resolved to distribute cash dividends in the amount of Ps.1.02 per outstanding share, which will produce a total distribution of Ps.596,254,288.56. Deductions in respect of income tax in accordance with Law 26,893 will be made from the amount payable to each shareholder, as applicable, at the time dividends are paid. In March 2015 we requested prior authorization from the Central Bank to distribute such dividends, but such authorization remained pending as of the date of this annual report.

For more information, see Item 4.B “Argentine banking regulation—Liquidity and Solvency Requirements—Requirements Applicable to Dividend Distribution”.

Central Bank and contractual limitations on distribution of dividends

The Central Bank has imposed restrictions on the payment of dividends, substantially limiting the ability of financial institutions to distribute such dividends without its prior consent.

The Central Bank has eased these restrictions through Communication “A” 4589, as amended by Communication “A” 4591, “A” 5,072 and others, by providing for a mechanism for the calculation of distributable profits of the financial institutions:

The Superintendency will review the ability of the Bank to distribute dividends upon the Bank’s requests for its approval. Such request has to be filed within 30 business days prior to the shareholders meeting that will resolve the approval of the annual financial statements. The Superintendency will authorize the distribution of dividends when none of the following circumstances are verified during the month preceding the request for the payment of dividends:

(i) we are subject to a liquidation procedure or the mandatory transfer of assets by the Central Bank in accordance with section 34 or 35 bis of the Financial Institutions Law;

(ii) we are receiving financial assistance from the Central Bank;

(iii) we are not in compliance with or have failed to comply on a timely basis with our reporting obligations to the Central Bank; or

(iv) we are not in compliance with minimum capital requirements (both on an individual and consolidated basis) or with minimum cash reserves (on average).

Any distribution of dividends will be authorized only to the extent the Bank complies with the minimum capital and minimum cash requirements calculated considering the proposed distribution and any applicable adjustment established by the regulations in force.

We have consistently obtained authorization from the Central Bank to distribute dividends corresponding to fiscal years 2003 through 2010. Under the new regulations on distribution of dividends, the maximum distributable amount cannot exceed the excess minimum regulatory capital, exclusively considering, to such end, a 75% incremental adjustment to the capital requirement; i.e. the capital remaining after the distribution of dividends must be sufficient to meet the regulatory capital increased by 75% capital. For fiscal years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 we were not able to distribute dividends because we did not reach the regulatory threshold for dividend distribution under Central Bank regulations. For fiscal year 2013 we obtained authorization from the Central Bank to distribute dividends and distributed dividends in July 2014. We have met the regulatory threshold for dividend distribution for fiscal year 2014, but as of the date of this annual report we are awaiting the Central Bank approval to pay dividends for that fiscal year.

In January 2015, Communication “A” 5694 of the Central Bank, established that those entities considered as domestic systemically important (D-SIB), including us, must consider an extra minimum capital requirement equivalent to 1% of the total risk-weighted assets (RWA) which they must comply with using exclusively ordinary capital level 1 (Con1), according the schedule described under section “Argentine banking regulation—Liquidity and Solvency Requirements—Requirements Applicable to Dividend Distribution”. Currently, RWA arises from multiplying by 12.5 the minimum capital requirements. According to Central Bank Communication “A” 5707, if dividends were to be distributed, this requirement becomes immediately effective.

We cannot assure that in the future we will be able to reach this regulatory threshold for dividend distribution. For more information, see Item 4.B “Argentine banking regulation—Liquidity and Solvency Requirements—Requirements Applicable to Dividend Distribution”.

 

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Additional regulatory and contractual restrictions exist which could affect the distribution of earnings and are included in note 16 of our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

Amounts available for distribution and distribution approval process

Under Argentine Corporate Law, declaration and payment of annual dividends, to the extent funds are legally available, is determined by our shareholders at the annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting. Generally, but not necessarily, the board of directors makes a recommendation with respect to the payment of dividends.

Dividends may be lawfully declared and paid only out of our retained earnings stated in our yearly financial statements according to Central Bank Rules and approved by a shareholders’ meeting as described below.

The board of directors submits our financial statements for the preceding fiscal year, together with reports thereon by the supervisory committee, at the annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting for approval. Within four months of the end of each fiscal year, an ordinary shareholders’ meeting must be held to approve the financial statements and determine the allocation of our net income for such year.

Under applicable CNV regulations, but subject to prior Central Bank approval, cash dividends must be paid to shareholders within 30 days of the shareholders’ meeting approving such dividends. In the case of stock dividends, shares are required to be delivered within three months of our receipt of notice of the CNV authorization for the public offering of the shares arising paid as dividends. We were not able to make payment of dividends within this term in connection with fiscal years 2003, 2008 and 2009 due to Central Bank’s delay in granting its approval. For fiscal years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 we were not able to distribute dividends because we did not reach the regulatory threshold for dividend distribution under Central Bank regulations. For fiscal year 2013 we obtained authorization from the Central Bank to distribute dividends and distributed dividends in July 2014. We have met the regulatory threshold for dividend distribution for fiscal year 2014, but as of the date of this annual report, we are awaiting the Central Bank approval to pay dividends for that fiscal year.

Legal reserve requirement

According to the Argentine Financial Institutions Law, or the Financial Institutions Law, and Central Bank Rules, we are required to maintain a legal reserve which shall be funded with no more than 20% and no less than 10% of their yearly income. This reserve can only be used during periods in which a financial institution has incurred losses and has exhausted all other reserves. If a financial institution does not comply with the required legal reserve, it is not allowed to pay dividends to its shareholders.

Under Argentine Corporate Law and our bylaws, our yearly net income (as adjusted to reflect changes in prior results) is allocated in the following order: (i) to comply with the legal reserve requirement, (ii) to pay the accrued fees of the members of the board of directors and statutory supervisory committee; (iii) to pay fixed dividends, which are applied first to pending and unpaid dividends and holders of preferred stock (if applicable); (iv) for voluntary or contingent reserves, as may be resolved from time to time by our shareholders at the annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting; and (v) the remainder of the net income for the year may be distributed as dividends on common stock or as otherwise decided by our shareholders at the annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting.

Personal assets tax

Our shareholders approved the absorption of personal asset tax by us for fiscal year 2014. There can be no assurance that in the future this tax will be absorbed by the Bank. For more information, see Item 10.E “Taxation—Material Argentine tax considerations relating to our Class B shares and ADSs—Personal assets tax”.

B. Significant Changes

Except as otherwise disclosed in this annual report, there has been no undisclosed significant change since the date of the most recent annual financial statements included herein.

Item 9. The Offer and Listing

A. Offer and listing details

The table below shows the high and low market prices in Pesos for our Class B shares on the BCBA for the periods indicated:

 

     Ps.per Class B Share  

Banco Macro

   High      Low  

2015:

     

March

     80.00         58.10   

February

     67.00         47.00   

January

     54.55         45.00   

2014:

     

December

     54.00         42.00   

November

     58.00         47.05   

October

     59.20         39.90   

 

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2014

     61.00         19.00   

2013

     30.25         10.70   

2012

     12.50         7.35   

2011

     21.40         8.50   

2010

     22.50         9.40   

2015

     

1st quarter

     80.00         45.00   

2014

     

4th quarter

     59.20         39.90   

3rd quarter

     61.00         37.00   

2nd quarter

     40.50         27.25   

1st quarter

     28.20         19.00   

2013

     

4th quarter

     30.25         19.50  

3rd quarter

     21.30         10.70  

2nd quarter

     15.10         10.80   

1st quarter

     14.05         11.00  

Source: Yahoo Finance.

The ordinary shares trade on the NYSE in the form of ADSs issued by The Bank of New York, as depositary. Each ADS represents ten ordinary shares. The table below shows the high and low market prices of the ADSs in dollars on the NYSE for the periods indicated.

 

     US$ per ADS  
Banco Macro    High      Low  

2015:

     

March

     67.00         48.96   

February

     56.53         38.48   

January

     44.38         38.00   

2014:

     

December

     47.20         37.82   

November

     45.84         39.08   

October

     42.28         28.03   

2014

     51.96         16.42   

2013

     32.85         13.53   

2012

     27.06         10.79   

2011

     51.94         18.09   

2010

     56.57         23.74   

2015

     

1st quarter

     67.00         38.00   

2014

     

4th quarter

     47.20         28.03   

3rd quarter

     51.96         33.56   

2nd quarter

     38.26         27.50   

1st quarter

     29.01         16.42   

2013

     

4th quarter

     32.85         22.75   

3rd quarter

     24.00         13.83   

2nd quarter

     17.25         13.53   

1st quarter

     19.16         14.18   

Source: Yahoo Finance

B. Plan of Distribution

Not applicable.

C. Markets

Our Class B shares are currently traded on the BCBA under the symbol ‘BMA’. Additionally, our ADSs have been trading on the NYSE since March 24, 2006 under the symbol ‘BMA’.

Our notes are currently listed on both the BCBA and the Luxembourg Stock Exchange.

D. Selling Shareholders

Not applicable.

 

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E. Dilution

Not applicable.

F. Expenses of the issue

Not applicable.

Item 10. Additional Information

A. Share Capital

Not applicable

B. Memorandum and Articles of Association

General

We are a financial institution incorporated on November 21, 1966 as a sociedad anónima, or a stock corporation, duly incorporated under the laws of Argentina for a 99-year period and registered on March 8, 1967 with the Public Registry of Commerce of Bahía Blanca, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, under No. 1154 of Book 2, Folio 75 of Estatutos. We subsequently changed our legal address to the City of Buenos Aires and registered it with the IGJ on October 8, 1996 under No. 9777 of Book 119, Volume A of Sociedades Anónimas A translation of our bylaws has been filed as an exhibit to our 2011 annual report on form 20-F filed on April 26, 2012.

As of December 31, 2014, our capital stock consists of Ps.584,563,028, represented by 11,235,670 common, book-entry Class A shares, with a par value of one Peso each and the right to five votes per share, and 573,327,358 common, book-entry Class B shares, with a par value of one Peso each and the right to one vote per share.

Under our bylaws, we may issue different classes of shares of common stock entitled with one or five votes per share. However, as long as we remain in the public offering regime we cannot issue additional shares of any class of capital stock that could entitle the holder thereof to more than one vote per share. All outstanding shares are fully paid.

Our Class B shares have been listed on the BCBA since November 1994. Our ADSs have been listed in the NYSE since March 24, 2006. Holders of Class A shares are permitted to convert their shares into Class B shares on a one-for-one basis.

Corporate Purpose

Our bylaws sets forth that our corporate purpose is to engage within or outside of Argentina in any banking transaction contemplated and authorized under the Financial Institutions Law and other laws, rules and regulations governing banking activities in the place of performance, under the guidelines and with prior authorization, if appropriate, of the Central Bank. In addition, we are capable of acting as any category of “agent” under the Capital Markets Law and supplementing regulations, in connection with securities in the transactions contemplated under the legal provisions in effect governing the activity, under the guidelines and with the prior authorization, if appropriate, of the CNV. To that effect, we have full legal capacity to develop rights, incur obligations, and execute any kind of act and transaction related thereto. Furthermore, we are capable of having interests in other domestic or foreign financial institutions and or companies with the prior authorization of the Central Bank and in compliance with the rules of such entity, as applicable.

In respect of the different categories of agents established by the Capital Markets Law, effective as of January 28, 2013, and the CNV Rules, we, and certain of our subsidiaries are registered with the CNV in one or more of the following categories: negotiation, clearing and settlement agent (ALyC), custody of collective investment products agent (AC PIC FCI), placement and distribution of mutual funds agent (ACYD FCI), financial trustees agent (FF) and nonfinancial trustees agent (FNOF), as applicable.

Shareholders’ liability

Shareholders’ liability for losses of a company is limited to the value of their shareholdings in the company. Under Argentine Corporate Law, however, shareholders who voted in favor of a resolution that is subsequently declared void by a court as contrary to Argentine laws or a company’s bylaws (or regulations, if any) may be held jointly and severally liable for damages to such company, other shareholders or third parties resulting from such resolution. See also Item 3.D Risk Factors— Risks relating to our Class B shares and the ADSs—Our shareholders may be subject to liability for certain votes of their securities”.

Redemption and rights of withdrawal

Our shares are subject to redemption in connection with a reduction in capital by the vote of a majority of shareholders at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting. Any shares so redeemed must be cancelled by us. Whenever our shareholders approve a spin-off or merger in which we are not the surviving corporation, the change of our corporate legal status, a fundamental change in our corporate purpose, change of our domicile outside of Argentina, voluntary withdrawal from public offering or delisting, our continuation in the case of mandatory delisting or cancellation of the public offering authorization, or a total or partial recapitalization following a mandatory reduction of our

 

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capital or liquidation, any shareholder that voted against such action that was approved or did not attend the meeting at which the decision was taken, may withdraw and receive the book value of its shares, determined on the basis of our latest balance sheet prepared or that should have been prepared in accordance with Argentine laws and regulations, provided that such shareholder exercises its appraisal rights within a determined period. However, because of the absence of legal precedent directly on point, there is doubt as to whether holders of ADSs will be able to exercise appraisal rights either directly or through the depositary with respect to Class B shares represented by ADSs. Appraisal rights must be exercised within the five days following the adjournment of the meeting at which the resolution was adopted, in the event that the dissenting shareholder voted against such resolution, or within 15 days following such adjournment if the dissenting shareholder did not attend such meeting and can prove that he was a shareholder on the date of such meeting. In the case of merger or spin-off, appraisal rights may not be exercised if the shares to be received as a result of such transaction are authorized for public offering or listed. Appraisal rights are extinguished if the resolution giving rise to such rights is revoked at another shareholders’ meeting held within 75 days of the meeting at which the resolution was adopted.

Payment on the appraisal rights must be made within one year of the date of the shareholders’ meeting at which the resolution was adopted, except when the resolution was to delist our stock or to continue following a mandatory delisting, in which case the payment period is reduced to 60 days from the resolution date.

Preemptive and accretion rights

In the event of a capital increase, a holder of existing common shares of a given class has a preemptive right to subscribe for a number of shares of the same class sufficient to maintain the holder’s existing proportionate holdings of shares of that class.

In addition, shareholders are entitled to the right to subscribe on pro-rata basis for the unsubscribed shares remaining at the end of a preemptive rights offering, known as accretion rights.

Holders of ADSs may be restricted in their ability to exercise preemptive rights if an annual report under the Securities Act relating thereto has not been filed or is not effective or an exemption is not available. Preemptive rights are exercisable during the 30 days following the last publication of notice to the shareholders in the Official Bulletin of the Republic of Argentina, or the Official Gazette and an Argentine newspaper of wide circulation. Pursuant to Argentine Corporate Law, in the case of public companies, such 30-day period may be reduced to a minimum of ten days if so approved by the company’s shareholders at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting.

Shares not subscribed by the shareholders by virtue of their exercise of preemptive rights or accretion rights may be offered to third parties.

Voting rights

Under our bylaws, each Class A share entitles the holder thereof to five votes at any meeting of our shareholders and Class B shares entitle the holders thereof to one vote per share. However, according to Argentine Corporate Law, shares entitle the holder to only one vote per share to vote the approval of: an early dissolution, a merger or spin-off when we are not the surviving entity, a reduction of capital stock and redemption of shares, a transformation from one type of entity to another, a limitation of shareholders’ preemptive rights, a transfer of our domicile outside Argentina, and a fundamental change of our corporate purpose set forth in our bylaws. In such cases Class A shares are entitled to only one vote per share and Class B shares are entitled to only one vote per share. In addition, pursuant to Argentine applicable law, as long as we remain public we cannot issue additional shares of any class of capital stock that could entitle the holder thereof to more than one vote per share.

Rights attaching to shares

Shareholders may not claim the payment of dividends from us once three years have elapsed from the date on which the relevant dividend was made available to such shareholders. For a description of requirements applicable to dividend distribution see Item 4.B “Argentine banking regulation—Liquidity and solvency requirements—Requirements applicable to dividend distribution”.

Registration requirements of foreign companies that hold Class B shares directly

There are no restrictions imposed by Argentine law or our by-laws or other organizational documents regarding the rights of non-residents or foreign persons to hold or vote our shares or our ADSs.

Under Argentine regulations, foreign companies that hold shares directly (and not as ADSs) in an Argentine company must register with the IGJ to exercise certain shareholder rights, including voting rights. The registration requires the filing of corporate and accounting documents in order to demonstrate that the foreign shareholder’s main activity is conducted outside of Argentina.

Liquidation rights

In the case of our liquidation or dissolution we are requested to communicate such event to the Central Bank, and our assets will be applied to satisfy our outstanding liabilities and proportionally distributed first among our holders of preferred stock as per the terms of the preferred stock, if any. If any surplus remains, it will be proportionally distributed among holders of our common stock.

 

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Other shareholders’ rights

In addition to the rights mentioned above, the shareholders of Argentine corporations are entitled to the following additional rights that can not be subject to any kind of limitation or suspension as they protect the minority shareholders in such capacity, (i) the right to participate in the company’s profits; (ii) right to be informed and receive information from the company through the syndics or supervisory committee, including the right to request information or reports (shareholders representing at least 2% of the capital stock of the company are entitled to request the syndic or the members of the supervisory committee information related to their functions and certain investigations); (iii) right to request a shareholders’ meeting (shareholders representing at least 5% of the capital stock of the company may request the call of a shareholders’ meeting); (iv) right to disapprove the performance of the members of the board of directors (the liability of the company’s directors and managers shall be extinguished if their performance is later approved by the shareholders at a shareholders’ meeting, or if they resign, provided that such liability is not incurred as a consequence of the violation of the applicable laws or the company’s bylaws and if it does not mediate opposition of at least 5% of the capital stock) and (v) right to judicially object those shareholders’ meetings resolutions violating the law or company’s regulations and a right to ask for a judicial or administrative intervention when the administrator or administrators of a company execute acts or neglect acts whose omission places the company in serious danger.

In addition, according to the Capital Markets Law, the CNV is entitled to (i) appoint supervisors with powers of veto of the resolutions adopted by the board of directors and (ii) separate the board of directors for a period of 180 days when, as determined by the CNV, the interests of the minority shareholders and/or securities holders are affected.

Ordinary and extraordinary meetings

Shareholders’ meetings may be ordinary meetings or extraordinary meetings. We are required to convene and hold an ordinary meeting of shareholders within four months of the close of each fiscal year to consider the matters specified in the first two paragraphs of Section 234 of the Argentine Corporation Law, such as the approval of our financial statements, allocation of net income for such fiscal year, approval of the reports of the board of directors and the supervisory committee and election and remuneration of directors and members of the supervisory committee. In addition, pursuant to the Capital Markets Law, at an ordinary shareholders’ meetings, our shareholders must consider (i) the disposition of, or creation of any lien over, our assets as long as such decision has not been performed under the ordinary course of business; (ii) the execution of administration or management agreements; and (iii) whether to approve the payment of any agreement providing assets or services to us as long as such payment is material when measured against the volume of the ordinary course of business and our shareholders’ equity. Other matters which may be considered at an ordinary meeting convened and held at any time include the responsibility of directors and members of the supervisory committee, capital increases and the issuance of certain corporate bonds. Extraordinary shareholders’ meetings may be called at any time to consider matters beyond the authority of an ordinary meeting, including amendment of the bylaws, issuance of debentures, early dissolution, merger, spin off, reduction of capital stock and redemption of shares, transformation from one type of entity to another and limitation of shareholders’ preemptive rights.

Notices of meetings

Notices of shareholders’ meetings are governed by the provisions of Argentine Corporations Law, and in case of publicly traded companies, Capital Markets Law. Furthermore, notice of shareholders’ meetings must be published for five days in the Official Gazette, in an Argentine newspaper of wide circulation and in the publications of Argentine exchanges or securities markets in which our shares are traded, at least twenty (20) but not more than forty five (45) days prior to the date on which the meeting is to be held. Such notice must include information regarding the type of meeting to be held, the date, time and place of such meeting and the agenda. If a quorum is not available at such meeting, a notice for a second meeting, which must be held within 30 days of the date on which the first meeting was called, must be published for three days, at least eight days before the date of the second meeting. The above-described notices of shareholders’ meetings may be effected simultaneously for the second meeting to be held on the same day as the first meeting, only in the case of ordinary meetings. Shareholders’ meetings may be validly held without notice if all shares of our outstanding capital stock are present and resolutions are adopted by unanimous vote of such shares.

Quorum and voting requirements

The quorum for ordinary meetings of shareholders on first call is a majority of the shares entitled to vote, and action may be taken by the affirmative vote of an absolute majority of the shares present that are entitled to vote on such action. If a quorum is not available at the first meeting a second meeting may be held at which action may be taken by the holders of an absolute majority of the shares present, regardless of the number of such shares. The quorum for an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting on first call is 60% of the shares entitled to vote, and if such quorum is not available, a second meeting may be held, for which the quorum is 20% of the shares entitled to vote.

Action may be taken at extraordinary shareholders’ meetings by the affirmative vote of an absolute majority of shares present that are entitled to vote on such action, except that: the approval of a majority of shares with voting rights (for these purposes non-voting preferred shares shall have voting rights), without application of multiple votes, is required at both the first and second meeting for: (i) the transfer of our domicile outside Argentina, (ii) a fundamental change of the corporate purpose set forth in our bylaws, (iii) our anticipated dissolution, (iv) the total or partial redemption of shares, (v) our merger or spin-off, if we are not the surviving entity, or (vi) the transformation of our corporate legal status, in which cases resolutions shall be adopted by the affirmative vote of the majority of shares with the right to vote. Preferred shares will be entitled to one vote in these circumstances.

Argentine Corporate Law reserves the right to cumulative voting in order to elect up to one third of the directors and one third of the members of the supervisory committee to fill vacancies of the board of directors and of the supervisory committee, respectively, sharing such part with candidates voted for by means of the plural system. Cumulative voting is a system designed to protect minority interests, as it gives rise to the possibility, but does not ensure, that minority interests will be able to elect some of their candidates. Each shareholder who votes cumulatively shall have a number of votes equal to the result of multiplying his/her own votes by the number of vacancies. On the other hand, shareholders who vote by the ordinary procedure and those who vote by cumulative vote will compete for the election of one third of the vacancies. The larger the number of vacancies, the greater the possibility that minority groups or shareholders will win positions in the board of directors or the supervisory committee.

 

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Shareholders’ meetings may be called by the board of directors or the members of the supervisory committee whenever required by law or whenever they deem it necessary. Also, the board or the members of the supervisory committee are required to call shareholders’ meetings upon the request of shareholders representing an aggregate of at least five percent of our outstanding capital stock. If the board or the supervisory committee fails to call a meeting following such a request, a meeting may be ordered by the CNV or by the courts. In order to attend a meeting, a shareholder must also deposit with us a certificate of book-entry shares registered in its name and issued by Caja de Valores S.A. at least three business days prior to the date on which the meeting is to be held. If so entitled to attend a meeting, a shareholder may be represented by proxy. Proxies may not be granted to our board, members of the supervisory committee, officers or employees.

Election of directors

The shareholders present at any annual ordinary meeting may determine the size of the board of directors, provided that there shall be no less than three and no more than 13 directors. Any director so appointed will serve for three fiscal years. If the shareholders elect nine or more board members, each director will be re-elected as a staggered board, to be renewed by thirds, provided that in all cases no less than three directors shall be renewed each time. The annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting may also appoint an equal or lesser number of alternate directors, to hold office for the same term than regular directors, to fill any vacancy in the board occurring for any reason, and shall further determine the order of substitution. Alternate directors shall hold office until the regular directors in whose place they have acted as substitutes shall resume office, and in case any such absence is permanent, until the next ordinary meeting of shareholders where at directors shall be appointed. Both regular and alternate directors may be re-elected indefinitely.

Change in capital

Our by-laws do not establish conditions for the changes in our capital more stringent than those conditions imposed by the Argentine Corporate Law. For a description of conditions for the changes in our capital imposed by the Argentine Corporate Law see “—Ordinary and extraordinary meetings”.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer

According to the Capital Markets Law, a stock corporation may acquire the shares issued by it, provided that the public offering and listing thereof has been authorized, subject to the following terms and conditions and those set forth by the CNV. The above-mentioned conditions are: (a) the shares to be acquired shall be fully paid up; (b) there shall be a resolution signed by the board of directors to such effect (duly reported to the supervisory committee and the audit committee); (c) the acquisition shall be made out of net profits or free or voluntary reserves; and (d) the total amount of shares acquired by the company, including previously acquired shares (and still hold by the company), shall not exceed 10% of the capital stock or such lower percentage determined by the CNV. The shares acquired by the company in excess of such limit shall be disposed of within the term of 90 days after the date of the acquisition originating such excess. The shares acquired by the company shall be disposed of by the company within the maximum term of three years counted as from the date of acquisition thereof or cancelled. Upon disposing of the shares, the issuer shall make a preemptive offer thereof. Such preemptive offer will not be mandatory in certain specific cases, pursuant to which shares may be sold in the open market. For more information, please see Item 16.E “Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers”.

Anti-takeover provisions

Our bylaws do not contain any provision that would (i) oblige us to disclose information regarding our shareholders; and (ii) have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control, the last of which may happen only in the event of a merger, acquisition or public offering for acquisition.

Tender offer regime

Optional mandatory tender offer regime in the case of a change in control

Mandatory tender offer or exchange in Argentina

The mandatory tender offer rules set forth in Capital Markets Law, apply to all companies having publicly traded shares in Argentina. Under such rules, in the event of change of control or acquisition of a significant shareholding, as described below, a company having publicly traded shares will be subject to a mandatory tender offer (“oferta pública de adquisción” or “OPA”) with respect to some or all of the outstanding shares, as described below.

Pursuant to such regulation, the mandatory tender offer will take place when anyone intends to purchase, either directly or indirectly, for cash, either individually or collectively, either in one act or in a series of successive acts during a period of 90 consecutive days, a number of voting shares, subscription rights or stock options, negotiable securities or similar securities which directly or indirectly, and by computing the prior holding of such person, may entitle such person to subscribe, purchase or convert voting shares, shares entitled to or that once exercised grant the right to a “significant share” in the voting capital stock and/or in the votes of a company having publicly traded shares. In such cases, the OPA must be launched by the prospective purchaser within 10 days of having made the decision to participate in such offer, except in those cases expressly mentioned in the CNV Rules.

 

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Such obligation is not applicable in cases where the acquisition of the significant share does not imply the acquisition of the company’s control. It also does not apply in cases where there is a change of control as a consequence of a corporate reorganization, merger or split-off. However, the regulation is applicable in certain cases of indirect acquisitions by means of a merger of the purchaser with the controlling shareholding company of the affected company or the taking of control of such controlling shareholding company.

Concept of a “Significant Share”

The regulations establish a duty to effect an offer with respect to a part or all of the outstanding shares depending on the percentage of the capital stock or relating to the votes to be acquired. The regulations provide for the following duties relating to the OPA:

 

    Whenever the goal is to acquire participation rights equal to or greater than 15% of the capital stock and/or the company’s votes, the offer must be made for a number of securities that would enable the purchaser to acquire at least 50% of the voting capital stock of the affected company.

 

    Whenever an entity already holds participation rights equal to or greater than 15% of the voting capital stock and/or the company’s votes but less than 51% of such rights, and the intention is to increase such share of the affected company’s capital stock at least 6% during a 12-month period, the offer shall be made on the number of securities representing at least 10% of the voting capital stock of the affected company.

 

    Whenever participation rights equal to or greater than 51% of the voting capital stock and/or the company’s votes are sought, the offer shall be made for the number of securities that would enable the purchaser to obtain 100% of the voting capital stock of the affected company. The application of this stipulation shall have priority over the stipulations discussed in the preceding paragraphs.

Determination of the price of the OPA in the case of a change in control

The price shall determined by the offeror with the following exceptions:

 

  Whenever the purchaser would have purchased other securities related to the offering in the prior 90 consecutive days beginning as of the date the price was announced, the price cannot be lower than the highest price the purchaser would have paid in such transactions.

 

  Whenever the purchaser would have obtained firm sales commitments from the controlling shareholder or other shareholders with the right to take part in the public offering, the price cannot be lower than the price provided for in such commitments.

In order to determine the price, the purchaser shall also consider (“ponderar”) the following criteria, according to the CNV Rules: (i) book value of the shares; (ii) valuation of the target company according to discounted cash flows (DCF) or other applicable valuation criteria applicable to comparable business; and (iii) average price of the shares for the last six months before the “offer”.

Penalties for breach

Without prejudice to the penalties established by the CNV, the Capital Markets Law provides that purchases of shares of a company in violation of the OPA regime shall be declared irregular and ineffective for administrative purposes by the CNV and cause the auction of the shares acquired on infringement, without prejudice to the penalties that may correspond.

Tender offer regime in the case of a voluntary withdrawal from the public offering and listing system in Argentina

The Capital Markets Law and its regulation also established that when a company, whose shares are publicly offered and listed in Argentina, agrees to voluntary withdraw from the public offering and listing system in Argentina, it must follow the procedures provided for in the CNV’s regulations and it must likewise launch an OPA for its aggregate shares and/or subscription rights or securities convertible into shares or stock options under the terms provided for in such regulation. It is not necessary to extend the public offering to those shareholders that voted for the withdrawal at the shareholders’ meeting. The public offering can only be made as a purchase and sale and the consideration must be cash.

The acquisition of one’s own shares must be made with liquid and realized profits or with free reserves, whenever paid up in full, and for the amortization or disposition thereof, within the term set forth in section 221 of the Argentine Companies Law and the company must present the CNV with evidence that it has the necessary solvency to effect such purchase and that the payment for the shares will not affect its solvency.

Determination of the price of the OPA in the case of a voluntary withdrawal from the public offering and listing system in Argentina

The price offered should be an equitable price, as such, one must consider the following relevant criteria:

 

    The equity value of the shares, taking into account a special financial statement for the withdrawal from the public offering system and/or listing.

 

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    The value of the company, in accordance with discounted cash flow criteria and/or ratios applicable to comparable businesses or companies.

 

    The company’s liquidation value.

 

    Average quotation prices on the stock exchange where the shares are listed during the six month period immediately preceding the withdrawal application, no matter the number of sessions necessary for such negotiation.

 

    The consideration offered beforehand, or the placement of the new shares, in the event that a public offering has been made with regard to the same shares or if new shares have been issued, if applicable, during the last year, to be counted as of the date of the agreement for the withdrawal application.

Under no circumstances can the price offered be lower than the average quotation price discussed in this paragraph.

Form and transfer

Our current capital stock is represented by book-entry shares. Our shareholders are required to hold their shares through book-entries directly made by Caja de Valores S.A. in the stock registry of the company carried by Caja de Valores S.A. or through book-entries with brokers, banks and other entities approved by the CNV that have accounts with Caja de Valores S.A., or with the participants of the Caja de Valores S.A.

Caja de Valores S.A. is in charge of maintaining a stock registry on our behalf based on information received from shareholders that choose to hold their shares directly by registration on the stock registry of the company and from participants of the Caja de Valores S.A., and in accordance with Argentine law only those holders listed in the stock registry either directly or through participants of the Caja de Valores S.A. will be recognized as shareholders. Shares held by participants of the Caja de Valores S.A. have the same rights as shares recorded in our shareholders’ register.

C. Material Contracts

During the past two years we did not enter into or become a party to any contract that is required to be disclosed under this item.

D. Exchange Controls

Exchange rates

On January 7, 2002, the Argentine congress enacted the Public Emergency Law, abandoning over ten years of fixed Peso-U.S. dollar parity at Ps.1.00 per US$1.00. After devaluing the Peso and setting the official exchange rate at Ps.1.40 per US$1.00, on February 11, 2002, the government allowed the Peso to float. The shortage of U.S. dollars and their heightened demand caused the Peso to further devalue significantly in the first half of 2002 reaching a value of Ps.3.8675 per US$1.00 in June 2002. During the first quarter of 2014, the Peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate significantly increased, resulting in a devaluation of the Peso by 23% as compared to December 31, 2013. The value of the Peso gradually depreciated during 2014. See Item 3.B “Risk Factors—Risks relating to Argentina—Significant devaluation of the capital Peso against the U.S. dollar may adversely affect the Argentine Economy.”

The following table sets forth the annual high, low, average and period-end exchange rates for the periods indicated, expressed in Pesos per U.S. dollar and not adjusted for inflation. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York does not report a noon buying rate for Pesos.

 

     Exchange Rates (Peso per Dollar)  
     High      Low      Average (1)      Period-end  

2010

     3.9857         3.7942         3.9127         3.9758   

2011

     4.3035         3.9715         4.1302         4.3032   

2012

     4.9173         4.3048         4.5515         4.9173   

2013

     6.5180         4.9228         5.4789         6.5180   

2014

     8.5555         6.5430         8.1188         8.5520   

October 2014

     8.5027         8.4475         8.4803         8.5023   

November 2014

     8.5260         8.5065         8.5140         8.5255   

December 2014

     8.5555         8.5263         8.5495         8.5520   

January 2015

     8.6395         8.5537         8.6024         8.6395   

February 2015

     8.7260         8.6488         8.6859         8.7243   

March 2015

     8.8197         8.7310         8.7790         8.8197   

Source: Central Bank

 

(1) Based on daily closing price.

The exchange rate on April 22, 2015 was Ps8.8772 to US$1.00.

 

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Exchange controls

In January 2002, with the approval of the Public Emergency Law, Argentina declared a public emergency situation in its social, economic, administrative, financial and foreign exchange matters and authorized the Argentine Executive Branch to establish a system to determine the foreign exchange rate between the Peso and foreign currencies and to issue foreign exchange-related rules and regulations. Within this context, on February 8, 2002, through Decree No. 260/2002, the Argentine Executive Branch established (i) a single and free-floating foreign exchange market (hereinafter, “MULC” as per the initials in Spanish) through which all foreign exchange transactions in foreign currency must be conducted, and (ii) that foreign exchange transactions in foreign currency must be conducted at the foreign exchange rate to be freely agreed upon among contracting parties, subject to the requirements and regulations imposed by the Central Bank (please see below for a summary of the main regulations).

On June 9, 2005, through Decree No. 616/2005, the Argentine Executive Branch mandated that (a) all inflows of funds into the local foreign exchange market arising from foreign debts incurred by residents, both individuals or legal entities in the Argentine private sector, except for those concerning foreign trade financing and primary issuances of debt securities admitted to public offering and listed in self-regulated markets; and (b) all inflows of funds by non-residents channeled through the MULC and aimed at being held in local currency, acquiring all types of financial assets or liabilities in the financial or non-financial private sector (except for foreign direct investments and primary issuances of debt securities and shares admitted to public offering and listed in self-regulated markets), and investments in securities issued by the public sector and acquired in secondary markets, must meet the following requirements: (a) such inflows of funds may only be transferred outside the local foreign exchange market at the expiration of a term of 365 calendar days as from the date of settlement of such funds into Pesos; (b) the proceeds of such inflows of funds must be credited to an account in the local banking system; (c) a non-transferable and non-interest-bearing deposit for 30% of the amount of the transaction must be kept in Argentina for a period of 365 calendar days, in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the applicable regulations (the “Deposit”); and (d) the Deposit is to be denominated in U.S. dollars and held in Argentine financial institutions and it may not be used to guarantee or as collateral of any type of credit transactions. The requirements of Decree 616/2005 were subsequently eased, as detailed below.

Within this context and pursuant to Communication “A” 4359, the Central Bank issued regulations relating to the Deposit, which must be made as soon as foreign currency is transferred into Argentina through the MULC in the following cases:

(a) financial indebtedness incurred by the financial sector and by the private, non-financial sector, except for primary issuances of publicly traded and listed debt securities;

(b) primary issuance of shares by resident companies whose shares are neither registered for public offering nor listed in any self-regulated market, to the extent they do not qualify as “foreign direct investment;”

(c) portfolio investments by non-residents to be applied to holdings of local currency and financial assets and liabilities in the financial sector and in the private, non-financial sector, to the extent they do not relate to the primary issuance of publicly traded and listed debt securities or publicly traded and listed shares issued by resident companies; and

(d) portfolio investments by non-residents to be applied to the acquisition of rights in secondary markets concerning securities issued by the public sector.

On the basis of Resolution No. 365/2005 of the Ministry of Economy and Production, starting on June 29, 2005, inflows of funds resulting from the following transactions are also subject to the Deposit, pursuant to Communication “A” 4377:

(a) portfolio investments by non-residents to be applied to the primary subscription of securities issued by the Central Bank.

(b) proceeds from the sale of off-shore assets by private sector residents, in the amount that exceeds the equivalent of US$2,000,000 per calendar month, in the aggregate of the institutions authorized to conduct foreign exchange transactions.

In addition, pursuant to Resolution No. 637/2005 of the Ministry of Economy and Production, starting on November 17, 2005, all inflows of funds into the local foreign exchange market aimed at the subscription of primary issuances of notes, bonds or participation certificates issued by the trustee of a trust, either admitted or not to public offering and regardless of their being listed in self-regulated markets, are required to comply with the Deposit in so far as the inflow of funds for the acquisition of any of the trust assets would be subject to the Deposit (Communication “B” 8599).

For foreign currency inflows denominated other than in U.S. dollars, the foreign exchange rates to be considered upon determining the amount of the Deposit are those applicable to repo transactions at the close of the foreign exchange market as quoted by Banco de la Nación Argentina on the business day immediately preceding the date when the Deposit is made. The following transactions are the main exceptions to the Deposit:

1) foreign currency settlements by residents resulting from foreign currency-denominated loans granted by local financial institutions;

2) inflows of foreign currency into the foreign exchange market due to direct investment contributions in Argentina (i.e., investments in real estate or ownership interests of at least 10% in the capital stock or voting rights of local companies) and sales of ownership interests in local companies to direct investors, to the extent certain documentation set forth by Communication “A” 5532 is presented;

 

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3) all types of inflows of funds into Argentina by Multilateral and Bilateral Credit Agencies and Official Credit Agencies (as listed in the Exhibit to Communication “A” 4662, as subsequently amended and complemented from time to time) either directly or through their related agencies, in so far as such funds pertain to transactions conducted in full compliance with their purposes (Communication “A” 4377);

4) financial indebtedness with non-resident creditors of the financial sector and of the private, nonfinancial sector, to the extent the proceeds from the foreign exchange settlement are simultaneously applied, net of taxes and expenses, to: (i) the acquisition of foreign currency to repay external debt services and (ii) the formation of long-term off-shore assets (Communication “A” 4377);

5) financial indebtedness with non-resident creditors of the private, non-financial sector, to the extent it has been incurred and repaid in an average term of not less than two years, including principal and interest payments, and the loan proceeds are applied to investments in non-financial assets (Communication “A” 4377);

6) inflows into the foreign exchange market arising from repatriations of off-shore assets of resident legal entities, when the proceeds from the sale of such assets are destined for the acquisition of non-financial assets as listed under Communications “C” 42303, 42884, 44670 and 46394;

7) inflows of funds into the foreign exchange market arising from repatriations of resident individuals and legal entities’ external off-shore assets, when the proceeds from the sale of such assets are destined for new capital contributions into resident companies and such companies apply them to the acquisition of non-financial assets as listed in Communications “C” 42303, 42884, 44670 and 46394.

The following is a description of the main aspects of Central Bank regulations concerning inflows and outflows of funds in Argentina.

Inflow of Capital

Capital

Foreign indebtedness incurred by (a) the private non-financial sector in connection with bonds and financial loans; and (b) the financial sector in connection with bonds, financial loans (including repos of securities), and offshore financial credit lines, are to be settled through the MULC (Communication “A” 5265).

Debt issuances by the private (financial and non-financial) sector denominated in foreign currency, with principal and interest payments not solely payable in Pesos in Argentina are to be subscribed in foreign currency and the proceeds must be settled through the MULC (Communication “A” 5265).

Transfer and settlement of such funds through the foreign exchange market shall be conducted within a term of up to 30 calendar days as from the date of the disbursement abroad and shall be subject to the rules and regulations in force on the date the foreign currency is settled through the MULC (Communication “A” 5265).

Any new financial indebtedness channeled through the MULC and any debt renewal with foreign creditors incurred by Argentine residents from the financial sector and from the private, non-financial sector, must be agreed and maintained for terms of at least 365 calendar days as from the date of settlement of the funds or renewal of the debt, as applicable, and they may not be prepaid before the lapse of said term, irrespective of the manner of cancellation of the obligation to the foreign creditor and of whether said cancellation is effected with or without access to the MULC (Communication “A” 5265).

Exempted from the provisions described in the preceding paragraph are the primary issuances of publicly traded and listed securities.

Outflow of Capital

Payment of Services

Remittances abroad for the payment of services rendered by non-residents are allowed (Communication “A” 5264, as amended). Access to the MULC for such payments requires the filing of documentation by residents evidencing the authenticity of the transaction related to the type of service rendered and the amount to be transferred abroad. Additionally, certain items including, among others, royalties, patents and trademarks, technical or professional assistance and commercial commissions, may require previous authorization from the Central Bank in specific circumstances, that is, whenever (a) the beneficiary is a person (natural or legal entity) (i) related to the local debtor either directly or indirectly pursuant to the definitions of Communication “C” 40209 or (ii) the beneficiary is a person (natural or legal entity) not organized, domiciled or resident in dominions, jurisdictions, territories or associated states that are considered “cooperators for the purposes of fiscal transparency” pursuant to the provisions of Art. 1 of Decree 589/2013, as amended and supplemented; or (iii) when the payment abroad is performed in a tax haven jurisdiction, and (b) the contracts involved generate payments or new debt (in the calendar year, at the foreign exchange local market concept code level and regarding the debtor) over US$ 100,000 (Communication “A” 5295).

 

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Payment of Profits (Interest, Earnings and Dividends)

Access to the MULC is granted for the payment of interest by the private, non-financial sector and in the financial sector (Communication “A” 5264 as amended), in accordance with the following terms: (1) if applicable regulations allow the repayment of the debt corresponding to such interest payment and if all general regulatory requirements related to principal repayment are met; (2) if the settlement of the currency is made within 10 calendar days of the maturity date of each interest payment; (3) the interest payment is for the unpaid amounts accrued from the date of settlement of the foreign currency originating the foreign indebtedness or within 48 hours from the date of disbursement of the funds abroad and until settlement thereof through the MULC (within 48 hours from disbursement).

In addition, access to the MULC is permitted for remittances abroad to pay earnings and dividends insofar as they arise from closed and audited financial statements (Communication “A” 5377).

In order to proceed with remittances abroad for payment of interest on debt of all types, earnings and dividends, the entities involved must first verify that the debtor has complied with the reporting of (1) outstanding foreign indebtedness imposed under Communication “A” 3602 dated May 7, 2002 and (2) direct investments pursuant to Communication “A” 4237 dated November 10, 2004, if applicable.

Financial Debts

Payment of principal under foreign financial indebtedness incurred by Argentine residents in the financial sector and in the private, non-financial sector (except in the case of payment of primary issuances of publicly traded and listed debt securities) may only proceed after the expiration of a 365 calendar-day term as from the date of settlement of the loan proceeds or any other applicable minimum term imposed that may apply.

Access to the MULC for the prepayment of principal under foreign indebtedness incurred by Argentine residents of the private, non-financial sector, is allowed, at any time within 10 business days prior to maturity, to the extent the applicable minimum stay-period has been complied with.

In addition, pursuant to Communication “A” 5604, access to the MULC before such 10-business-days term is allowed if:

a) the payment is entirely financed with external funds destined to capital contributions, or

b) necessary operational anticipation for the payment of principal installments whose settlement depends on the enforcement of specific contractual conditions, or

c) the payment is entirely financed with new foreign loans granted by international financial institutions and agencies, official foreign credit agencies and foreign banks, and to the extent that: (i) such payment were expressly established as a condition to grant the new credits, (ii) it meets the conditions of being considered foreign debt issuance through the issuance of bonds or other debt instruments. In each case it is necessary that: (a) the average life of the new debt is higher than the average remaining life of the debt repaid in advance considering in both cases payments of principal and interest and (iii) such payment does not imply an increase in the current value of the foreign indebtedness of the debtor.

The current value of the debt must be calculated by discounting the future maturities of principal and interest, to the implicit rate resulting from considering the internal rate of return on foreign debt issuance of the National Government.

Finally, regarding access to the MULC for the payment of interest accrued on unpaid debts or debts canceled simultaneously with the payment of interest, the purchase of foreign currency in the MULC may be completed in a period not in excess of 10 business days prior to the due date of each installment of interest computed in arrears, excluding the possibility of calculating the amount on accrued interests.

Other Regulations

Sales of Foreign Currency to Non-residents

Communication “A” 4662 as subsequently amended, published a restatement of, as well as newly-issued, regulations applicable to access to the MULC by non-residents (as per the definitions contained in the IMF’s Balance of Payments Manual, fifth edition, chapter IV).

In this respect, no prior Central Bank approval is required for any of the following transactions conducted by non-residents in so far as all the requirements imposed in each case have been met:

1. purchases of foreign currencies for remittances abroad provided that the documentation prescribed by the previously mentioned regulations has been furnished, in the examples stated below, when transactions relate to, or pertain to collections in Argentina, of:

1.1. financial indebtedness originating in external loans of non-residents;

1.2. recovery of claims in local bankruptcy proceedings and collection of debts under reorganization proceedings to the extent that the non-resident client has been recognized as a creditor by a final non-appealable decision of the court of such proceedings;

 

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1.3 repatriations of direct investments in companies in the private, non-financial sector, that do not control local financial institutions and/or real estate, disbursed from October 28, 2011 and transferred into Argentina through the MULC provided that: (i) the investor has maintained such direct investment for at least 365 calendar days and (ii) the foreign beneficiary, either a natural or legal entity residing in or is incorporated and established or the payment is performed in domains, jurisdictions, territories or associated states that are considered “cooperators for the purposes of fiscal transparency” according to the provisions of Art. 1 of Decree 589/2013, as amended and supplemented (Communication “A” 5649) for the following purposes:

1.3.1. sale of the direct investment;

1.3.2. final liquidation of the direct investment;

1.3.3. capital reduction decided by the local company; and

1.3.4. reimbursement of irrevocable contributions by the local company;

1.4. collections of interest payments or sales proceeds of other portfolio investments (and their profits) provided that, in the aggregate, they do not exceed the equivalent of US$500,000 per calendar month per individual or legal entity, in all of the entities authorized for dealing in foreign exchange, provided that (i) the funds were transferred into Argentina through the MULC at least 365 days prior to the repatriation date and (ii) foreign beneficiary either a real or legal person residing or is incorporated and established in domains, jurisdictions, territories or associated states that are considered “cooperators for the purposes of fiscal transparency” according to the provisions of Art. 1 of Decree 589/2013, as amended and supplemented (Communication “A” 5649). These portfolio investment repatriations include, but are not limited to, portfolio investments in shares and ownership interests in local companies, investments in mutual funds and local trusts, purchases of portfolios of loans granted to residents by local banks, purchases of invoices and promissory notes for local business transactions, investments in local bonds issued in Pesos and in foreign currency payable locally, as well as purchases of other internal receivables.

1.5. indemnifications awarded by local courts in favor of non-residents; and

1.6. payments of Argentine imports.

2. purchases of foreign currency by diplomatic and consular representatives and diplomatic staff accredited in the country for transfers, representations from courts, authorities or departments, special missions, bilateral commissions or bodies established by international treaties or agreements, in which Argentina is a party, to the extent that transfers to be made in the exercise of their functions.

3. purchases of foreign currency by international organizations and institutions acting as official export credit agencies, as listed in Communication “A” 4662 (as amended and supplemented).

Any transactions not covered by Communication “A” 4662, as amended, are subject to prior Central Bank approval.

Formation of Off-shore Assets by Residents

Communication “A” 5526, has rearranged and set forth new regulations, effective as from January 27, 2014, concerning access to the MULC for the formation of off-shore assets, with and without specific allocation by resident individuals and legal entities not authorized to deal in foreign exchange, certain trusts and other estates domiciled in Argentina, as well as by local governments.

Such regulations allow access to the MULC to Argentine residents for the formation of off-shore assets when the regulatory requirements are met for each particular situation and the rest of the transactions are subject to the previous authorization from the Central Bank.

Access to the MULC is allowed for the purchase of off-shore assets with a specific application to local assets for the following transactions:

1. purchases of foreign currency bills by local governments for their deposits in local accounts held in financial institutions in accordance with the conditions imposed on disbursements of loans granted by International Agencies;

2. purchases of foreign currency bills for their deposit in local bank accounts with the concept code “Purchase of foreign currency for its application to investment projects” immediately upon receiving the proceeds from the financings contemplated in Communication “A” 5265 (7.1 and 7.3) and subject to the compliance of the conditions set forth therein;

3. purchases of foreign currency bills by state-owned companies and companies under the control of the government and trusts set up with Argentine public sector funds acquired for their deposit in local accounts used as collateral, in order to guarantee letters of credit or other bank guarantees to secure imports of goods into Argentina and in so far as the funds used for the purchase have been contributed by the Argentine Treasury and the remaining conditions set forth in paragraph 2.3 of the annex of Communication “A” 5526, as have been met;

 

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4. purchases of foreign currency bills for deposit in local bank accounts by companies in the non-financial private sector, which carry overdue unpaid debts to foreign creditors and that as of the date of access to the MULC have submitted a debt refinancing proposal to their foreign creditors (the acquired amounts must not exceed the amount of the debt principal and interest payments overdue according to the original repayment schedule or 75% of any cash payments included in the refinancing proposal and the remaining conditions set forth in paragraph 2.4 of the annex of Communication “A” 5526, must have been met as well);

5. purchases of foreign currency bills by mutual funds to pay, in Argentina, for the redemption of shares held by clients outside the scope of paragraph 1.b. of Communication “A” 4377 (public sector) and to the extent that foreign currency for the same amount has been received to that end;

6. purchases of foreign currency bills by stock exchange agents in Argentina who comply with the conditions set forth in paragraph 2.6. of the annex of Communication “A” 5526, as amended, and that are applied -within the next 24 business hours following the settlement of the currency- to the payment of securities issued by non-residents and listed in Argentina and abroad purchased from clients outside the scope of paragraph 1.b. of Communication “A” 4377; and

7. purchases of foreign currency bills for deposit in local bank accounts by local governments and/or the non-financial private sector for the issuance of new securities and other debt instruments registered for public offering and listed in any self-regulated market, to the extent they qualify as foreign debt issuances, foreign financial loans and direct investment contributions, up to 90% of the foreign currency proceeds inflow into Argentina, simultaneously applied and for a period not exceeding 180 consecutive days.

With regard to the formation of off-shore assets by residents without a mandatory specific subsequent application, resident individuals have access to the MULC for the purchase of foreign currency according to their incomes declared to the Argentine tax authority and other relevant parameters. The amount that resident individuals can purchase under this concept will be determined by the “Foreign Exchange Transactions Consult Program” available on the website of the Argentine tax authority.

Pursuant to Communication “A” 5245, dated November 10, 2011 (as amended and supplemented), all entities authorized to operate in foreign exchange must obtain prior approval by the Argentine tax authorities to execute any sale of foreign currency on behalf of their clients, as set forth by the “Foreign Exchange Transactions Consult Program.” Transactions by local governments, international organizations and institutional export credit agencies listed in Communication “A” 4662 (as amended and supplemented), diplomatic and consular offices and personnel, and local offices of certain foreign governments and international organizations, are exempted from the program. The prior approval is not applicable to the sale of foreign currency for purposes different to formation of off-shore assets by residents without a specific subsequent application and for travelling and tourism purposes.

Direct Investments Report

Communication “A” 4237 dated November 10, 2004 established reporting requirements in connection with direct investments made by local residents abroad and by non-residents in Argentina. Direct investments are defined as those that reflect the long-standing interest of a resident in one economy (direct investor) in another economy’s resident entity, such as an ownership interest representing at least 10% of a company’s capital stock or voting rights. The reporting requirements prescribed by this Communication “A” 4237 are to be met on a bi-annual basis.

Capital Markets

Securities-related transactions carried out through stock exchanges and authorized securities markets must be paid using one of the following mechanisms: (a) in Pesos, (b) in foreign currency through electronic fund transfers from and to sight accounts in local financial institutions and (c) through wire transfers against foreign accounts. Under no circumstance shall the settlement of these capital markets transactions be made in foreign currency bills or through deposits in escrow accounts or in third-party accounts (Communication “A” 4308). Additionally, Communication “A” 4864, in force as of November 3, 2008, further rules that the purchase and subsequent sale of securities in stock exchanges and authorized markets require previous authorization from the Central Bank, unless the securities have been kept in the seller’s portfolio for a minimum period of 72 business hours following the settlement of their purchase.

Report of Issuances of Securities and Other Foreign Indebtedness of the Private Financial and Non-financial Sector

Pursuant to Communication “A” 3602 dated May 7, 2002, as amended, all individuals and legal entities in the private financial and non-financial sector must report their outstanding foreign indebtedness (whether Peso or foreign currency-denominated) at the end of each quarter. The debts incurred and repaid within the same calendar quarter need not be reported.

 

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E. Taxation

Material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to our Class B shares and ADSs

The following discussion is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Class B shares or ADSs. This discussion applies only to beneficial owners of Class B shares or ADSs that are “U.S. holders” (as defined below) that hold Class B shares or ADSs as “capital assets” (generally, property held for investment). This discussion is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), final, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations, administrative pronouncements of the IRS and judicial decisions, all as currently in effect and all of which are subject to change (possibly on a retroactive basis) and to different interpretations. This discussion does not purport to address all U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to a particular U.S. holder, and you are urged to consult your own tax advisor regarding your specific tax situation. The discussion does not address the tax considerations that may be relevant to U.S. holders in special tax situations, such as:

 

    dealers in securities or currencies;

 

    insurance companies;

 

    holders liable for the Medicare tax on net investment income;

 

    individual retirement accounts and other tax deferred accounts;

 

    tax-exempt organizations;

 

    traders in securities that elect to mark to market;

 

    certain financial institutions;

 

    partnerships or other pass-through entities;

 

    holders whose functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes is not the U.S. dollar;

 

    U.S. expatriates;

 

    holders that hold Class B shares or ADSs as part of a hedge, straddle, conversion transaction, constructive sale transaction or other integrated transaction;

 

    holders that own, directly, indirectly, or constructively, 10% or more of the total combined voting power of our shares;

 

    real estate investment trusts; or

 

    regulated investment companies.

This discussion does not address the estate, gift, or alternative minimum tax consequences of holding Class B shares or ADSs or the indirect consequences to holders of equity interests in partnerships or other entities that own our Class B shares or ADSs. Moreover, this discussion does not address the state, local, or non-U.S. income or other tax consequences of an investment in our Class B shares or ADSs, or any aspect of U.S. federal taxation other than income taxation.

While we do not believe that we are currently a passive foreign investment company (a “PFIC”), it is not entirely clear whether we were a PFIC in the past and we cannot preclude with certainty that we may be a PFIC in any future periods. As discussed below under “Passive Foreign Investment Companies”, the application of the PFIC rules to banks is unclear under present U.S. federal income tax law. If we were treated as a PFIC in the past or if we are treated as a PFIC in any future periods, a U.S. holder that held our Class B Shares or ADSs while we were or are a PFIC could be subject to unfavorable U.S. tax consequences. You should carefully consider the discussion under “Passive Foreign Investment Companies” and consult your own tax advisor regarding the consequences of investing in a PFIC. Unless otherwise noted, the following discussion assumes that we are not a PFIC.

You should also consult your own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal, state, local, and foreign income and other tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of our Class B shares or ADSs in your particular circumstances.

For the purposes of this discussion, you are a “U.S. holder” if you are a beneficial owner of Class B shares or ADSs and you are for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

    an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

    a corporation, or any other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

 

    an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

 

    a trust if (i) a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (ii) the trust has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

If a partnership holds our Class B shares or ADSs, the tax treatment of a partner in such partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership. A prospective investor who is a partner of a partnership holding our Class B shares or ADSs should consult its own tax advisor.

In general, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, U.S. holders that are beneficial owners of ADSs will be treated as the beneficial owners of the Class B shares represented by those ADSs.

Taxation of Dividends. Distributions of cash with respect to the Class B shares or ADSs (other than distributions in redemption of the Class B shares that are treated as sales or exchanges under Section 302(b) of the Code or upon our liquidation) will, to the extent made from our current or accumulated earnings and profits as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles, constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Whether such current or accumulated earnings and profits will be sufficient for all such distributions on the Class B shares or ADSs to qualify as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes depends on our future profitability and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.

 

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We do not currently maintain calculations of our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles. Unless and until these calculations are made, distributions should be presumed to be taxable dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As used below, the term “dividend” means a distribution that constitutes a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In general, cash dividends (including amounts withheld in respect of Argentine taxes) paid with respect to:

 

    the Class B shares generally will be includible in the gross income of a U.S. holder as ordinary income on the day on which the dividends are received by the U.S. holder; or

 

    the Class B shares represented by ADSs generally will be includible in the gross income of a U.S. holder as ordinary income on the day on which the dividends are received by the depositary;

and, in either case, these dividends will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations. To the extent that a distribution by us exceeds the amount of our earnings and profits, it will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the Class B shares or ADSs, and thereafter as capital gain.

Subject to certain exceptions for short-term and hedged positions, the amount of dividends received by certain U.S. holders (including individuals) with respect to the ADSs will be subject to taxation at a maximum rate of 20% under current law if the dividends represent “qualified dividend income”. Dividends paid on the ADSs will be treated as qualified dividend income if (i) the ADSs are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States and (ii) we were not in the year prior to the year in which the dividend was paid, and are not in the year in which the dividend is paid, a PFIC. Under current guidance issued by the IRS, the ADSs should qualify as readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States so long as they are listed on the NYSE, but no assurances can be given that the ADSs will be or remain readily tradable under future guidance. While we do not believe that we are currently a PFIC, see below for a discussion of our potential PFIC classification.

Based on existing IRS guidance, it is not entirely clear whether dividends received with respect to the Class B shares will be treated as qualified dividend income, because the Class B shares are not themselves listed on an established securities market in the United States. In addition, the U.S. Treasury Department has indicated that it continues to consider whether detailed information reporting guidance is necessary pursuant to which holders of ADSs or Class B stock and intermediaries through whom such securities are held will be permitted to rely on certifications from issuers to establish that dividends are treated as qualified dividend income. However, no such detailed procedures have yet been issued and therefore we are not certain that we will be able to comply with them. You should consult your own tax advisors regarding the availability of the preferential dividend tax rate in light of your own particular circumstances.

Dividends paid in Pesos will be includible in the gross income of a U.S. holder in a U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the day they are received by the U.S. holder, in the case of Class B shares, or the depositary, in the case of Class B shares represented by ADSs, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted to U.S. dollars. If dividends paid in Pesos are converted into U.S. dollars on the day they are received by the U.S. holder or the depositary, as the case may be, U.S. holders should not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividend income. Generally, any gain or loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date the dividend payment is included in the gross income of a U.S. holder through the date such payment is converted into U.S. dollars (or otherwise disposed of) will be treated as U.S. source ordinary income or loss. However, U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the treatment of any foreign currency gain or loss if any Pesos received by the U.S. holder or the depositary are not converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt.

A U.S. holder will be entitled, subject to a number of complex limitations and conditions, to claim a U.S. foreign tax credit in respect of any Argentine income taxes withheld on dividends received on shares. The limitation on foreign taxes eligible for credit is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income. For this purpose, the dividends should generally constitute “passive category income,” or in the case of certain U.S. holders, “general category income”. U.S. holders who do not elect to claim a credit for any foreign taxes paid during the taxable year may instead claim a deduction of such Argentine income taxes, provided that the U.S. holder elects to deduct (rather than credit) all foreign income taxes paid or accrued for the taxable year. Dividends received with respect to the Class B shares or ADSs will be treated as foreign source income, which may be relevant in calculating a U.S. holder’s foreign tax credit limitation. The rules relating to computing foreign tax credits or deducting foreign taxes are extremely complex, and U.S. holders are urged to consult their independent tax advisors regarding the availability of foreign tax credits with respect to any Argentine income taxes withheld from a dividend on the Class B shares or ADSs. The IRS has expressed concern that intermediaries in connection with depositary arrangements may be taking actions that are inconsistent with the claiming of foreign tax credits by U.S. persons who are holders of depositary shares. Accordingly, investors should be aware that the discussion above regarding the availability of foreign tax credits for Argentine withholding tax on dividends paid with respect to Class B shares represented by ADSs could be affected by future action taken by the IRS.

Taxation of Capital Gains. Deposits and withdrawals of Class B shares by U.S. holders in exchange for ADSs will not result in the realization of gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

In general, gain or loss realized by a U.S. holder on the sale, redemption or other taxable disposition of Class B shares or ADSs will be subject to U.S. federal income taxation as capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized (including the gross amount of the proceeds of the sale or other taxable disposition before the deduction of any Argentine tax) on the taxable disposition and such U.S. holder’s adjusted basis in the Class B shares or the ADSs. Capital gains of certain non-corporate U.S. holders, including individuals, derived with respect to capital assets held for more than one year may be eligible for various reduced rates of taxation. For example, for capital assets held for over one year, the maximum rate of tax under current law generally will be 20% (rather than the higher rates of tax generally applicable to items of ordinary income). The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any gain or loss realized by a U.S. holder will generally be treated as a U.S. source gain or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.

 

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If Argentine withholding tax is imposed on the sale or disposition of Class B shares or ADSs, the amount realized by a U.S. holder will include the gross amount of the proceeds of such sale or disposition before deduction of the Argentine withholding tax. The availability of U.S. foreign tax credits for these Argentine taxes and any Argentine taxes imposed on distributions that do not constitute dividends for U.S. tax purposes is subject to various limitations and involves the application of rules that depend on a U.S. holder’s particular circumstances. In particular, because any gain from the sale or other disposition of Class B shares or ADSs generally will be treated as U.S. source income, a U.S. holder may not be able to fully utilize its U.S. foreign tax credits in respect of such Argentine withholding taxes unless such U.S. holder has other income from foreign sources. U.S. holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of the U.S. foreign tax credit rules to their investment in, and disposition of, Class B shares or ADSs.

Passive Foreign Investment Companies. U.S. holders should carefully consider the discussion below regarding our potential treatment as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

In general, if during any taxable year of a non-U.S. corporation, 75% or more of the corporation’s gross income consists of certain types of “passive” income, or the average value of the “passive assets” of the corporation (generally assets that generate passive income) is 50% or more of the average value of all the corporation’s assets, the corporation will be treated as a PFIC under U.S. federal income tax law. Passive income for this purpose generally includes interest, dividends, royalties, rents and gains from commodities and securities transactions. Certain exceptions are provided, however, for passive income derived in the conduct of an active business.

We do not believe that we are currently a PFIC. However, we have been unable to determine with certainty whether we were a PFIC in the past because the application of the PFIC rules to banks is unclear under present U.S. federal income tax law. Banks generally derive a substantial part of their income from assets that are interest bearing or that otherwise could be considered passive under the PFIC rules. The IRS has issued a notice and has proposed regulations that exclude from passive income any income derived in the active conduct of a banking business by a qualifying foreign bank (the “active bank exception”). The IRS notice and proposed regulations have different requirements for qualifying as a foreign bank, and for determining the banking income that may be excluded from passive income under the active bank exception. Moreover, the proposed regulations have been outstanding since 1995 and will not be effective unless finalized.

Because final regulations have not been issued and because the definition of banking income for purposes of the active bank exception is unclear under both the notice and the proposed regulations, our status under the PFIC rules is subject to uncertainty. We conduct, and intend to continue to conduct, a significant banking business, and therefore we believe we should qualify as an active foreign bank. However, there can be no assurance that a sufficient amount of our assets will be treated as generating qualifying banking income to avoid our characterization as a PFIC. In particular, we have in the past held a significant amount of cash and securities that may have been considered passive assets, even if we are treated as an active foreign bank. Accordingly, U.S. holders that held our Class B shares or ADSs in certain periods in the past (with respect to which it is not entirely clear whether we were a PFIC) or persons that are U.S. holders of our Class B shares or ADSs in any future periods in which we are a PFIC (with respect to which we cannot preclude with certainty) could be subject to U.S. federal income tax under the rules described below. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding this issue.

If we are treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. holder would be subject to special rules (and may be subject to increased tax liability and form filing requirements) with respect to (a) any gain realized on the sale or other disposition of Class B shares or ADSs, and (b) any “excess distribution” made by us to the U.S. holder (generally, any distribution during a taxable year in which distributions to the U.S. holder on the Class B shares or ADSs exceed 125% of the average annual distributions the U.S. holder received on the Class B shares or ADSs during the preceding three taxable years or, if shorter, the U.S. holder’s holding period for the Class B shares or ADSs). Under those rules, (a) the gain or excess distribution would be allocated ratably over the U.S. holder’s holding period for the Class B shares or ADSs, (b) the amount allocated to the taxable year in which the gain or excess distribution is realized and to taxable years before the first day on which we became a PFIC would be taxable as ordinary income, (c) the amount allocated to each prior year in which we were a PFIC would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the highest tax rate in effect for that year and (d) the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of U.S. federal income tax would be imposed in respect of the tax attributable to each prior year in which we were a PFIC. In addition, as discussed above, a U.S. holder would not be entitled to (if otherwise eligible for) the preferential reduced rate of tax payable on certain dividend income.

A U.S. holder may mitigate these effects by electing mark-to-market treatment for its ADSs or Class B shares, provided the relevant shares constitute “marketable stock” as defined in Treasury regulations. Our ADSs and our Class B shares will be “marketable stock” if they are “regularly traded” on a “qualified exchange or other market”. The term “qualified exchange or other market” includes the NYSE. Our ADSs will be “regularly traded” if they are traded on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter, other than in de minimis quantities. No assurance can be provided that our ADSs will be characterized as regularly traded on a qualified exchange or other market for this purpose. Our Class B shares will be treated as listed on a “qualified exchange or other market” for purposes of the relevant Treasury regulations if the exchange on which they are listed has sufficient trading volume, listing, financial disclosure and surveillance, is regulated or supervised by a governmental authority of the country in which the market is located, and meets certain other characteristics. It is unclear whether the BCBA would meet these requirements and whether there would be sufficient trading of the Class B shares for the Class B shares to be characterized as “regularly traded”. It is therefore unclear whether a U.S. holder would be able to elect mark-to-market treatment for the Class B shares.

A U.S. holder electing the mark-to-market regime generally would compute gain or loss at the end of each taxable year as if the Class B shares or ADSs had been sold at fair market value. Any gain recognized by the U.S. holder under mark-to-market treatment, or on an actual sale, would be treated as ordinary income, and the U.S. holder would be allowed an ordinary deduction for any decrease in the value of Class B shares or ADSs as of the end of any taxable year, and for any loss recognized on an actual sale, but only to the extent, in each case, of previously included mark-to-market income not offset by previously deducted decreases in value. Any loss on an actual sale of Class B

 

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shares or ADSs would be a capital loss to the extent in excess of previously included mark-to-market income not offset by previously deducted decreases in value. A U.S. holder’s tax basis in Class B shares or ADSs would increase or decrease by gain or loss taken into account under the mark-to-market regime.

A mark-to-market election under the PFIC rules applies to all future years of an electing U.S. holder during which the Class B shares or ADSs are regularly traded on a qualifying exchange, unless revoked with the IRS’s consent.

If we are characterized as a PFIC and, at any time, we have non-U.S. subsidiaries that are classified as PFICs, U.S. holders generally will be deemed to own, and also would be subject to the PFIC rules with respect to, their indirect ownership interests in that lower-tier PFIC. If we are characterized as a PFIC, the U.S. holder could incur liability for the deferred tax and interest charge described above if either:

 

(1) we receive a distribution from, or dispose of all or part of our interest in, the lower-tier PFIC or

 

(2) the U.S. holder disposes of all or part of its Class B shares or ADSs.

A mark-to-market election under the PFIC rules with respect to shares would not apply to a lower-tier PFIC, and a U.S. holder would not be able to make such a mark-to-market election in respect of its indirect ownership interest in that lower-tier PFIC. Consequently, U.S. holders of shares could be subject to the PFIC rules with respect to income of the lower-tier PFIC the value of which already had been taken into account indirectly via mark-to-market adjustments.

Furthermore, if we are characterized as a PFIC, a U.S. holder will be required to annually file an IRS Form 8621. Under recent legislation, the statute of limitations on assessment and collections will remain open with respect to unreported PFIC interests.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding. Information reporting requirements will apply to dividends in respect of the Class B shares or ADSs or the proceeds from the sale, exchange, or redemption of the Class B shares or ADSs paid within the United States (and, in some cases, outside of the United States) to U.S. holders, unless, in either case, the U.S. holder is an exempt recipient (such as a corporation). A 28% backup withholding tax may apply to such amounts if the U.S. holder fails to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number or to report interest and dividends required to be shown on its U.S. federal income tax returns. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a U.S. holder will be allowed as a credit against the U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

FATCA. Beginning on January 1, 2017 (or, if later, the date on which final regulations are published defining the term “foreign passthru payment”), we may be required, pursuant to Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, and the regulations promulgated thereunder (often referred to as the “Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act” or “FATCA”) to withhold U.S. tax at a 30% rate on all or a portion of any distributions on Class B shares or ADSs which is treated as “foreign passthru payments.”

We have entered into an agreement with the IRS effective June 30, 2014, pursuant to which we have agreed to certain due diligence, information reporting and withholding obligations under FATCA. Therefore, an investor considered to have a “U.S. account” maintained by us may be required to provide certain information regarding such investor (or relevant beneficial owner of the Class B shares or ADSs) or be subject to U.S. withholding tax on any distribution on Class B shares or ADSs that is treated as “foreign passthru payments.” Investors in Class B shares or ADSs that are financial institutions, or financial institutions that receive payments on behalf of other persons, and that have not entered into an agreement with the IRS (or otherwise established an exemption from FATCA) would also be subject to this U.S. withholding tax.

Generally, under FATCA, a U.S. account is a financial account maintained by a foreign financial institution that is held by one or more specified U.S. persons or U.S.-owned foreign entities. However, an equity instrument in a financial institution that is regularly traded on an established securities market is not a financial account. Further, a “financial account” does not include an equity instrument in a financial institution, such as us, that is not engaged (or holding itself out as engaged) primarily in certain investment activities, unless the value of the equity instrument is determined, directly or indirectly, primarily by reference to assets giving rise to withholdable payments and certain other requirements are met.

FATCA is particularly complex and its application to us is uncertain at this time. Each holder of Class B shares or ADRs should consult it own tax adviser to obtain a more detailed explanation of FATCA and to learn how FATCA might affect each holder in its particular circumstances.

Material Argentine tax considerations relating to our Class B shares and ADSs

The following discussion is a summary of the material Argentine tax considerations relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Class B shares or ADSs.

Recent amendments to the Argentine Income Tax Law. On September 23, 2013, Law No. 26,893 was published in the Official Gazzette, incorporating amendments to the Argentine Income Tax Law in connection with, among others, the taxation of dividend distributions and gains derived from transfers of shares and other securities. Law No. 26,893 became effective on September 23, 2013, and applies to taxable events taking place on or after that date. On February 7, 2014, the Executive Branch issued Decree No. 2,334/13, which regulates Law 26,893.

 

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Taxation on Dividends. Prior to September 23, 2013, dividends distributed on Class B shares or ADSs were, in general, exempt from Argentine income tax withholding except for the application of the “Equalization Tax” described below.

Dividends paid in excess of taxable accumulated income at the previous fiscal period will be subject to an additional withholding tax (the “Equalization Tax”) at the rate of 35% applicable on such excess and regarding both Argentine and non-Argentine resident shareholders. Equalization Tax is applicable when dividends distributed are higher than the “net accumulated taxable income” of the immediate previous fiscal year from when the distribution is made. In order to asses the “net accumulated taxable income” from the income calculated by the Income Tax Law, the income tax paid in the same fiscal period should be subtracted and the local dividends received in the previous fiscal year should be added to such income.

As of Law Nº 26,893’s entry into force, dividends distributed, whether in cash, property or any other kind -except in fully paid shares (“acciones liberadas”)- are subject to an income tax withholding (the “Dividend Tax”) at a 10% rate on the amount of such dividends, in respect of both Argentine and non-Argentine resident shareholders. However, if dividends are distributed to local companies, no dividend tax should apply on such transactions.

The Dividend Tax and the Equalization Tax will be imposed as a withholding tax on the shareholder receiving the dividend. Dividend distributions made in property (other than cash) will be subject to the same tax rules as cash dividends. Stock dividends on fully paid shares (“acciones liberadas”) are neither subject to Dividend Tax nor to Equalization Tax.

In case both the Dividend Tax and the Equalization Tax apply, the latter should be applied first and then the 10% rate of the Dividend Tax should be applied on the remaining amount of dividends (i.e. the effective rate of both taxes on dividends would be 41.5%). Certain tax treaties contemplates the application of a ceiling tax rate on dividends (for example, 10% on gross dividends).

Holders are encouraged to consult a tax advisor as to the particular Argentine income tax consequences derived from profit distributions made on Class B shares and ADSs.

Capital gains tax. Prior to September 23, 2013, gains derived by non-Argentine resident from the sale, exchange or other disposition of ADSs or Class B shares were exempt from income tax in Argentina. As of September 23, 2013, the results derived from the transfer of shares, quotas and other equity interests, titles, bonds and other securities, are subject to Argentine income tax, regardless of the type of beneficiary who realizes the gain.

Capital gains obtained by Argentine corporate entities (in general, entities organized or incorporated under Argentine law, certain traders and intermediaries, local branches of non-Argentine entities, sole proprietorships and individuals carrying on certain commercial activities in Argentina) derived from the sale, exchange or other disposition of shares are subject to income tax at the rate of 35% on net income. Losses arising from the sale of shares can only be offset against income derived from the same type of operations, for a five-year carryover period.

Due to the recent amendments made to the Argentine Income Tax Law by Law 26,893, income derived by Argentine resident individuals from the sale of shares and other securities are subject to income tax at a 15% rate on net income, unless such securities were traded in stock markets and/or have public offering authorization, in which case an exemption applies. The amendments introduced by the implementing decree 2334/2013 state that the exemption includes income derived from the sale of shares and other securities made through a stock exchange market duly authorized by the CNV. It is not clear whether the exemption also includes securities traded through a stock exchange market duly authorized by the CNV (i.e. in addition to publicly offered securities), or whether the exemption only includes securities made through a stock exchange market duly authorized by the CNV. Certain qualified tax authorities publicly held the latter opinion in tax conferences.

Capital gains obtained by non-Argentine resident individuals or non-Argentine entities from the sale, exchange or other disposition of shares would be subject to income tax, as the above-mentioned exemption for shares is not applicable to non-Argentine beneficiaries. Therefore, the gain derived from the disposition of shares would be subject to Argentine income tax at a 15% rate on the net capital gain or at a 13,5% rate on the gross price. The purchaser of the shares, whether Argentine resident or not, will be under the obligation to withhold the tax due by the seller and pay it to the Argentine tax authorities, although the Argentine tax authorities have not implemented any mechanism to make such withholding and payment yet.

Holders are encouraged to consult a tax advisor as to the particular Argentine income tax consequences derived from holding and disposing of Class B shares and ADSs.

Personal assets tax. Argentine entities, such as us, have to pay the personal assets tax corresponding to Argentine and foreign domiciled individuals and foreign domiciled entities for the holding of company shares at December 31 of each year. The applicable tax rate is 0.5% and is levied on the proportional net worth value (“valor patrimonial proporcional”), or the book value, of the shares arising from the last balance sheet. Pursuant to the Personal Assets Tax Law, the Argentine company is entitled to seek reimbursement of such paid tax from the applicable Argentine domiciled individuals and/or foreign domiciled shareholders. The Argentine company may seek this reimbursement of Personal Assets Tax by setting off the applicable tax against any amount due to its shareholders or in any other way or, under certain circumstances, waive its right under Argentine law to seek reimbursement from the shareholders.

Value added tax. The sale, exchange or other disposition of our Class B shares or ADSs and the distribution of dividends are exempted from the value added tax.

 

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Tax on debits and credits on Argentine bank accounts. All credits to and debits from bank accounts held at Argentine financial institutions, as well as certain cash payments, are subject to this tax, which is assessed at a general rate of 0.6%. There are also increased rates of 1.2% and reduced rates of 0.075%. Owners of bank accounts subject to the general 0.6% rate may consider 34% of the tax paid upon credits to such bank accounts as a tax credit. The taxpayers that are subject to the 1.2% rate may consider 17% of all tax paid upon credits to such bank accounts as a credit. Such amounts can be utilized as a credit for income tax or tax on presumed minimum income. Whenever financial institutions governed by Law No. 21.526 make payments acting in their own name and behalf, the application of this tax is restricted to certain specific transactions. Such specific transactions include, among others, dividends or profits distributions.

Tax on minimum presumed income. Entities domiciled in Argentina are subject to this tax at the rate of 1% applicable over the total value of their assets, above an aggregate amount of AR$ 200,000. Specifically, the Law establishes that banks, other financial institutions and insurance companies will consider a taxable base equal to 20% of the value of taxable assets. This tax shall be payable only to the extent the income tax determined for any fiscal year does not equal or exceed the amount owed under the tax on minimum presumed income. In such case, only the difference between the tax on minimum presumed income determined for such fiscal year and the income tax determined for that fiscal year shall be paid. Any tax on minimum presumed income paid will be applied as a credit toward income tax owed in the immediately-following ten fiscal years. Please note that shares and other equity participations in entities subject to tax on minimum presumed income are exempt from this tax.

Gross turnover tax. In addition, gross turnover tax could be applicable to Argentine residents on the transfer of Class B shares or ADSs and on the perception of dividends to the extent such activity is conducted on a regular basis within an Argentine province or within the City of Buenos Aires. However, under the Tax Code of the City of Buenos Aires, any transaction with shares as well as the perception of dividends are exempt from gross turnover tax. Holders of Class B shares and ADSs are encouraged to consult a tax advisor as to the particular gross turnover tax consequences of holding and disposing of Class B shares and ADSs.

Stamp taxes. Argentine residents may be subject to stamp tax in certain Argentine provinces in case transfer of our Class B shares or ADSs is performed or executed in such jurisdiction by means of written agreements. In the City of Buenos Aires, acts or instruments related to the negotiation of shares and other securities duly authorized for its public offering by the CNV are exempt from stamp tax.

Other taxes. There are no Argentine inheritance or succession taxes applicable to the ownership, transfer or disposition of our Class B shares or ADSs, except for the province of Buenos Aires and Entre Ríos. In such jurisdictions, there is a tax on free transmission of assets, including inheritance, legacies, donations, etc. Since January 2011, the tax rates have been set between 4% and 21.925% according to the taxable base and the degree of kinship involved. Free transmission of Class B shares or ADSs could be subject to this tax.

Tax treaties. Argentina has signed tax treaties for the avoidance of double taxation with Australia, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. A treaty with Switzerland has been signed but it is still undergoing its ratification procedures. There is currently no tax treaty or convention in effect between Argentina and the United States.

Deposit and Withdrawal of Class B shares in Exchange for ADSs. No Argentine tax is imposed on the deposit or withdrawal of Class B shares in exchange for ADSs.

F. Dividends and Paying Agents

Not applicable.

G. Statement by Experts

Not applicable.

H. Documents on Display

We are required to file annual reports, including exhibits, and other information with the SEC and to furnish interim information on Form 6-K. You may read and copy any documents filed by the Company at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. The SEC also maintains a website at http://www.sec.gov which contains reports and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC.

We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act of 1934, as applied to foreign private issuers. Because we are a foreign private issuer, the SEC’s rules do not require us to deliver proxy statements or to file quarterly reports. In addition, our “insiders” are not subject to the SEC’s rules that prohibit short-swing trading.

We prepare quarterly and annual reports containing consolidated financial statements in accordance with Central Bank Rules which are translated into English and filed with the SEC. Our annual consolidated financial statements are certified by an independent accounting firm.

We have appointed The Bank of New York Mellon to act as depositary for our ADSs. During the time the deposit agreement remains in force, we will furnish the depositary with:

 

    our annual reports; and

 

    summaries of all notices of general meetings of shareholders and other reports and communications that are made generally available to our shareholders.

 

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The depositary will, as provided in the deposit agreement, if we so request, arrange for the mailing of summaries in English of the reports and communications to all record holders of our ADSs. Any record holder of ADSs may read the reports, notices, or summaries thereof, and communications at the depositary’s office located at 101 Barclay Street, 22W, New York, New York 10286.

I. Subsidiary Information

Not applicable.

Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

Market Risk

Market risk is the risk of loss arising from fluctuations in financial markets variables such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates and other rates or prices. This risk is a consequence of our lending, trading and investments businesses and mainly consists of interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk and financial asset quotes.

In order to measure significant market risks (whether they arise in trading or non-trading portfolios) we use the VaR methodology. This methodology is based on statistical methods that take into account many variables that may cause a change in the value of our portfolios, including interest rates, foreign exchange rates, securities prices, volatility and any correlation among them.

VaR is an estimation of potential losses that could arise from reasonably likely adverse changes in market conditions. It expresses the maximum amount of loss expected (given confidence interval) over a specified time period, or “time horizon,” if that portfolio were held unchanged over that time period.

All VaR models, while forward-looking, are based on past events and are dependent upon the quality of available market data. The quality of our VaR’s models is therefore continuously monitored. As calculated by the Bank, VaR is an estimate of the expected maximum loss in the market value of a given portfolio over a five-day horizon at a one-tailed 99% confidence interval. We assume a five day holding period and adverse market movements of 2.32 standard deviations as the standard for risk measurement and comparison.

The following table shows the 5-day 99% confidence VaR for the Bank combined trading portfolios (securities and foreign exchange position) for the last two years (in millions of Pesos):

 

     2013      2014      Change  

Minimum

     33.7         46.1         12.4   

Maximum

     81.8         474.6         392.8   

Average

     54.3         243.9         189.6   

December 31

     35.5         388.1         352.6   

In order to take advantage of good trading opportunities we have sometimes increased risk, however during periods of uncertainty have also reduced it. During 2014, the main source of our VaR was the securities portfolio.

The following tables show the VaR for trading portfolio by categories for the last two years (in millions of Pesos):

 

Currency risk for foreign exchange position

   2013      2014      Change  

Minimum

     5.5         20.3         14.8   

Maximum

     14.6         131.6         117.0   

Average

     8.0         57.6         49.6   

December 31

     10.5         53.4         42.9   

 

Market risk for securities position

   2013      2014      Change  

Minimum

     24.2         25.6         1.4   

Maximum

     72.8         415.7         342.9   

Average

     46.3         186.4         140.1   

December 31

     25.0         334.7         309.7   

In respect of currency risk for foreign exchange position, our yearly maximum increased significantly due to a higher volatility of the U.S. dollar, from 0.0010 for January 2014 to 0.0050 for February 2014. This increased VaR was later offset by a reduction of the portfolio in line with the new limits established by Communication “A” 5536 of the Central Bank.

The market risk for securities position increased significantly during the year due to the addition of the corporate securities portfolio as of September 2014 and an increase in the average government securities portfolio.

 

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The folowing tables show the main reasons for changes in VaR between December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (in millions of Pesos):

 

Change in currency risk (VaR) for foreign exchange position (YoY):

      

Change in VaR due to change in position

     (5.4

Change in VaR due to change in volatility

     46.9   

Change in VaR due to change in price

     1.4   

Total Change in VaR

     42.9   

 

Change in market risk (VaR) for securities position (YoY):

      

Change in VaR due to change in position

     284.0   

Change in VaR due to change in volatility

     3.5   

Change in VaR due to change in price

     22.2   

Total Change in VaR

     309.7   

Equity and Commodity Price Risk

Equity and commodity risks are the risks associated with adverse movements in the value of equity securities and commodities or related indexes. We do not have any material exposure to either of them.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest-rate risk is the effect on our net interest income of the fluctuations of market interest rates. Sensitivity to interest rate arises in our normal course of business as the re-pricing characteristics of its interest-earning assets do not necessarily match those of its interest-bearing deposits and other borrowings. The re-pricing structure of assets and liabilities is matched when an equal amount of assets and liabilities re-price for any given period. Any excess of assets or liabilities over these matched items results in a gap or mismatch.

Our interest rate sensitivity analysis measures the risk arising from the different sensitivity of assets and liabilities when interest rate changes occur (“duration” approach). It covers all the assets and liabilities excluding tradable portfolios.

In this case our VaR model or maximum potential loss in the net economic value of the portfolio of assets and liabilities due to interest rate risk increases, considers a 3-month horizon and with a confidence level of 99%.

Our methodology also captures the real interest rate risk, which is the risk arising from the mismatch produced as a consequence of an imperfect correlation between inflation rate movements and financing interest rate variations.

The following table shows the 3-month 99% confidence VaR for the Bank combined interest rate position for last two years (in millions of Pesos):

 

     2013      2014  

Minimum

     833.0         1,064.3   

Maximum

     1,200.8         1,282.1  

Average

     997.0         1,177.9  

December 31

     1,200.8         1,282.1  

For additional information regarding market and interest rate risk management see note 18 “Risk Management Policies” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2014.

Item 12. Description of Securities Other Than Equity Securities

A- Not applicable

B- Not applicable

C- Not applicable

D – American Depositary Shares

Fees and Charges Applicable to ADS Holders

The depositary collects its fees for delivery and surrender of ADSs directly from investors depositing shares or surrendering ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal or from intermediaries acting for them. The depositary also collects fees for making distributions to investors, by deducting those fees from amounts being distributed or by selling a portion of the distributable property to pay the fees. The depositary may generally refuse to provide fee-attracting services until its fees for those services are paid.

 

Persons depositing or withdrawing shares may be request to pay:    For:
US$5.00 (or less) per 100 ADSs (or portion thereof)   

•       Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from a distribution of shares or rights or other property

 

•       Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal, including if the deposit agreement terminates

A fee equivalent to the fee that would be payable if securities distributed had been shares and the shares had been deposited for issuance of ADSs   

•       Distribution of securities distributed to holders of deposited securities which are distributed by the depositary to ADS registered holders

US$02 (or less) per ADS (or portion thereof)   

•       Any cash distribution to ADS registered holders

Registration fees   

•       Registration of transfer of shares on our stock registry to or from the name of the depositary or its nominee or the custodian, or its nominee when making deposits or withdrawals

 

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Expenses of the depositary

•       Cable, telex and facsimile transmissions

 

•       Conversion of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars

Taxes and other governmental charges the depositary or the custodian, have to pay on any ADS or share underlying an ADS

•       As necessary

Any charges incurred by the depositary or its agents, including the custodian, for servicing the deposited securities

•       As necessary

Fees and Direct and Indirect Payments Made by the Depositary to us

Past Fees and Payments

During 2014, we received from the depositary, after withholding income tax deduction, a net reimbursement of US$146,552 for (i) investor relation expenses, (ii) annual NYSE listing fees, and (iii) standard out-of-pocket administrative, maintenance and shareholder service expenses for providing services to the registered American depositary receipts holders, consisting, without limitation, of expenses of postage and envelopes for mailing annual and interim financial reports, printing and distributing dividend checks, electronic filing of U.S. Federal tax information, mailing required tax forms, stationery, postage, facsimile, and telephone calls, incurred by us during the year ended December 31, 2013. In addition, the depositary waived the cost of various support services that it provided to us.

Future Fees and Payments

The depositary has agreed to reimburse us for expenses incurred by us in connection with the administration and maintenance of the ADSs program, including, but not limited to, investor relation expenses, annual NYSE listing fees or other program related expenses. The depositary has also agreed to pay its standard out-of-pocket administrative, maintenance and shareholder services expenses for providing services to the registered American depositary receipts holders, which consist, without limitation, of expenses of postage and envelopes for mailing annual and interim financial reports, printing and distributing dividend checks, electronic filing of U.S. Federal tax information, mailing required tax forms, stationery, postage, facsimile, and telephone calls. There are limits and conditions on the amount of expenses for which the depositary will reimburse us, but the amount of such reimbursements is not necessarily tied to the amount of fees the depositary collects from investors. In addition, the depositary has waived the cost of various support services that it provides to us.

We are expecting to receive from the depositary reimbursements for expenses incurred by us during the year ended December 31, 2014 by an amount similar to the one we received for the year ended December 31, 2013.

PART II

Item 13. Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies

None.

Item 14. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 15. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of December 31, 2014. There are, as described below, inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives.

Based upon and as of the date of our evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file and submit under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported as and when required.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The management of the Bank is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Bank’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

The Bank’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

 

  a) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Bank;

 

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  b) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Bank; and

 

  c) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Bank’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

The Bank’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014. In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (1992). Based on its assessment and those criteria, the Bank’s management concluded that, as of December 31, 2014 the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting was effective.

The effectiveness of the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, has been audited by Pistrelli, Henry Martin y Asociados S.R.L. (Member of Ernst & Young Global), an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears herein.

In 2014, the Bank developed a transition plan to COSO’s Internal control – Integrated Framework (2013) (the “2013 Framework”), based on our existing system of internal controls and considering the 17 principles of the 2013 Framework. We have begun to adapt our documentation to comply with such principles.

Attestation Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Bank’s independent registered public accounting firm, Pistrelli, Henry Martin y Asociados S.R.L. (Member of Ernst & Young Global), has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting. The report follows below:

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of

BANCO MACRO S.A. and subsidiaries

Sarmiento 447

City of Buenos Aires

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of BANCO MACRO S.A. (a bank organized under Argentine legislation) and its subsidiaries (the Bank) as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992 framework) (the COSO criteria). The Bank’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, BANCO MACRO S.A. and its subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America), the consolidated balance sheets of BANCO MACRO S.A. and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014 of BANCO MACRO S.A. and its subsidiaries, and our report dated April 28, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 

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City of Buenos Aires,

April 28, 2015

PISTRELLI, HENRY MARTIN Y ASOCIADOS S.R.L.

Member of Ernst & Young Global

/S/ NORBERTO M. NACUZZI

Partner

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during 2014 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 16A. Audit Committee Financial Expert

The board of directors has determined that Guillermo Eduardo Stanley, independent member of the audit committee, meets the attributes defined in Item 16A of Form 20-F for “audit committee financial experts”.

Item 16B. Code of Ethics

The Bank adheres to the best practices and requires that all its employees act according to the highest standards of personal and professional integrity in all aspects of their activities.

In addition to the general code of conduct that applies to all of our employees, we have adopted a code of ethics that applies to directors and senior management, including specifically to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, as well as persons performing similar functions. The text of our code of ethics for our directors and senior management is posted on our web site at: https://www.macro.com.ar/PortalMacro/content/conn/macro/path/Contribution%20Folders/contenido/legales/Pdf/Code_of_Ethics.pdf

Item 16C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Fees Paid to the Bank’s Principal Accountant

Since 2006 Pistrelli, Henry Martin y Asociados S.R.L. (Member of Ernst & Young Global) has served as our principal external auditor. Fees payable to Pistrelli, Henry Martin y Asociados S.R.L. (Member of Ernst & Young Global) in 2013 and 2014 are detailed below.

 

Thousands of Pesos    2013      2014  

Audit Fees

     16,551         19,952  

Audit Related Fees

     36         —    

Tax Fees

     —           —     

All Other Fees

     11         590  

Total

     16,598         20,542  

Audit Fees

Audit fees were paid for professional services rendered by the auditors for the audit of our consolidated financial statements.

Audit-Related Fees

Audit-related fees are typically services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of the consolidated financial statements and are not reported under the audit fees item above. This item includes fees for attestation services on our financial information.

Tax Fees

The auditors do not provide any tax advice.

All Other Fees

Fees disclosed in the table above under “All Other Fees” consisted of other fees paid for professional services.

 

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Audit Committee’s Pre-approval Policies and Procedures

Our audit committee is responsible for, among other things, the oversight of our independent auditors. During the year, the audit committee reviews together with management and the independent auditor, the audit plan, audit related services and other non-audit services and approves the related fees.

Item 16D. Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

Not applicable.

Item 16E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

None.

Item 16F. Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant

None.

Item 16G. Corporate Governance

Companies listed on the NYSE must comply with certain standards regarding corporate governance as codified in Section 303A of NYSE’s Listed Company Manual, as amended. Nevertheless, the Bank, while a listed company, qualifies also as a foreign private issuer and, as such, is permitted to follow its home country corporate governance practices, governed by the Argentine Corporate Law, the Capital Markets Law and the standards of the CNV and the Central Bank, in lieu of the provisions of Section 303A, except that it is required to comply with the requirements of Sections 303A.06, 303A.11 and 303A.12(b) and (c).

Accordingly:

(i) we must satisfy the audit committee requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) (Section 303A.06);

(ii) we must provide a brief description of any significant differences between our corporate governance practices and those followed by U.S. companies under NYSE listing standards (Section 303A.11); and

(iii) (y) our Chief Executive Officer (as of the date hereof, Mr. Jorge Horacio Brito) must promptly notify the NYSE in writing after any executive officer of the Bank becomes aware of any non-compliance with the applicable NYSE corporate governance rules (Section 303A.12(b)); and (z) we must submit an executed written affirmation (in relation to the members of our audit committee) annually or interim written affirmations, if required by the NYSE (Section 303A.12(c)).

As required by Section 303A.11 of NYSE’s Listed Company Manual, the table below discloses any significant differences between the NYSE rules and the Bank’s corporate governance practices pursuant to Argentine corporate governance rules.

 

NYSE Corporate Governance Standards - Section 303.A

  

Banco Macro Corporate Practices

303A.01-Independent Directors- Listed companies must have a majority of independent directors on their Boards of Directors.

 

   Neither Argentine law nor our by-laws require us to have a majority of independent directors.

303A.02-Independence Tests- This section establishes general standards to determine directors’ independence.

 

(a)    (i) No director qualifies as “independent” unless the board of directors affirmatively determines that the director has no material relationship with the listed company (either directly or as a partner, shareholder or officer of an organization that has a relationship with the company). The board of directors is required to identify its independent directors indicating the criteria on which such determination was made.

 

(ii) In addition, in affirmatively determining the independence of any director who will serve on the compensation committee of the listed company’s board of directors, the board of directors must consider all factors specifically relevant to determining whether a director has a relationship to the listed company which is material to that director’s ability to be independent from management in connection with the duties of a compensation committee member, including, but not limited to:

 

(A)   the source of compensation of such director, including any consulting, advisory or other compensatory fee paid by the listed company to such director; and

 

(B)   whether such director is affiliated with the listed company, a subsidiary of the listed company or an affiliate of a subsidiary of the listed company.

 

(b)    In addition, a director is not independent if:

 

A.     the director is or has been within the last three years, an employee, or an immediate family member is, or has been within the last three years, an executive officer, of the listed company, its parent or a consolidated subsidiary.

  

Pursuant to General Resolution No. 622/13 of the CNV, a director is not independent if such director is:

 

(a)    a member of management or an employee of shareholders who hold material holdings in the listed company or of other entities in which these shareholders have material holdings or over which these shareholders exercise a material influence;

 

(b)    is currently an employee or has, in the last three years, been an employee of the listed company;

 

(c)    a person who has a professional relationship or is part of a company or professional association that maintains professional relations with, or that receives remunerations or fees (other than directors’ fees) from, the listed company or from shareholders that have material holdings in the listed company, or with a company in which such shareholders have material holdings or exercise a material influence;

 

(d)    a person who has material holdings in the listed company or in an entity that has material holdings in, or exercises a material influence over, the listed company;

 

(e)    a person who provides goods or services to the listed company or to shareholders that have material holdings in or exercise a material influence over the listed company and receives compensation for such services that is substantially higher than that received as director of the listed company; or

 

(f)     the member is married to or is the legally acknowledged partner or a family member, up to the second degree of consanguinity or affinity, of an individual who would not qualify as independent according to the CNV Rules.

 

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NYSE Corporate Governance Standards - Section 303.A

  

Banco Macro Corporate Practices

Employment as interim chairman or CEO or other executive officer shall not disqualify a director from being considered independent.;

 

B.     the director has received, or has an immediate family member who has received, during any twelve-month period within the last three years, more than US$120,000 in direct compensation from the listed company, its parent or a consolidated subsidiary, other than director and committee fees and pension or other forms of deferred compensation for prior services (provided such compensation is not contingent in any way on continued service);

 

C.     (i) the director is a current partner or employee of a firm that is the listed company’s internal or external auditor; (ii) the director has an immediate family member who is a current partner of such firm; (iii) the director has an immediate family member who is a current employee of such firm and personally works on the company’s audit; or (iv) the director or an immediate family member was within the last three years a partner or employee of such firm and personally worked on the company’s audit within that time;

 

D.     the director, or an immediate family member is, or has been with the last three years, employed as an executive officer of another company where any of the listed company’s present executive officers at the same time serves or served on that company’s compensation committee;

 

E.     the director is a current employee, or an immediate family member is a current executive officer, of a company that has made payments to, or received payments from the listed company its parent or a consolidated subsidiary for property or services in an amount which, in any of the last three fiscal years, exceeds the greater of US$1 million, or 2% of such other company’s consolidated gross revenues.

 

A non independent director will only be deemed independent upon the elapse of a three-year look-back period.

 

“Immediate family member” includes a person’s spouse, parents, children, siblings, mothers and fathers-in law, sons and daughters-in-law, brothers and sisters-in-law and anyone (other than domestic employees) who share such person’s home.

  

 

“Material holdings” are shareholdings, either directly or indirectly, that represent at least 15% of the capital stock of the relevant entity, or a smaller percentage when the person has the right to elect one or more directors per class of shares or by having entered into agreements with other shareholders relating to the governance and the management of the relevant entity or of its parent company. Likewise, the definition of “material influence” should consider the criteria established in the generally accepted accounting standards.

 

Pursuant to Central Bank Communication “A” 5201 “Corporate Governance Guidelines for Financial Institutions”, a director is not independent if such director:

 

(a)    has control over the Bank pursuant to the guidelines set forth under Section 2, subsection 2.2.1 of the “Credit Risk Fractioning” regulations;

 

(b)    is carrying out executive functions or has carried out executive functions for the Bank during the last three years as of the day following the last day in office. In the case of public financial institutions, this term shall be one year;

 

(c)    is married to or a family member up to the second degree of consanguinity or first degree of affinity of an individual meeting the above criteria.

 

The above-mentioned Credit Risk Fractioning regulations establish general standards to determine the existence of control and a relationship:

 

In this regard, the following individuals and entities shall be considered “related” to the Bank:

 

i) any entity or person other than from the non financial public sector of the country, having direct or indirect control over the Bank.

 

ii) any entity or person, other than from the non financial public sector of the country, directly or indirectly controlled by an entity or person having direct or indirect control over the Bank.

 

iii) any entity or person directly or indirectly controlled by the Bank, pursuant to the provisions of section 28, subsection a) of the Law on Banks and the regulations on “Services supplementary to the financial activity and permitted activities” and “Credit Grading”.

 

iv) any Bank or entity engaged in the provision of supplementary services to the financial activity other than those contemplated in the preceding items, subject to consolidated supervision with the Bank.

 

v) any entity other than those contemplated in the preceding items, having directors in common with the institution or entity, other than from the non financial public sector of the country, having direct or indirect control over of with the Bank, to the extent such directors represent a simple majority of the members of the boards of each such entities or the Bank.

 

Likewise, control by one person or entity over another is defined as:

 

i) holding or controlling, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of the total voting stock in the other entity.

 

ii) having held, directly or indirectly, 50% or more of the total voting stock in the other entity, at the last election of directors or managers.

 

iii) holding a direct or indirect interest in the other entity, even if its voting rights do not amount to 25%, sufficient to adopt resolutions in shareholders’ meetings or meetings of the board or a similar corporate body.

 

iv) having direct or indirect controlling influence over the management and/or policies of the other entity, as of the effective date of the relevant resolution of the board of directors of the Central Bank of the Republic of Argentina, based on the recommendation of the Head of the Supervisory Board of Financial and Exchange Institutions (Superintendencia de Entidades Financieras y Cambiarias).

303A.03-Executive Sessions- Non-management directors of each listed company must meet at regularly scheduled executive sessions without management.   

Neither Argentine law nor our by-laws require the holding of such meetings and we do not hold non-management directors meetings.

 

Our by-laws provide, however, that the board shall meet as often as required in the best interest of the Bank and at least once a month.

303A.04-Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee- Listed companies must have a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors, with a written charter that covers certain minimum specified duties.    Neither Argentine law nor our by-laws require a nominating/corporate governance committee, however, our by-laws provide for the possibility to create a nominating/corporate governance committee. As a result of a general recommendation issued by the Central Bank of the Republic of Argentina to all financial institutions, we have created a Corporate Governance and Appointments Committee composed of three members from the board of directors, two of which are independent, and our human resources manager. This Committee has an approved charter establishing its functions and responsibilities.

 

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NYSE Corporate Governance Standards - Section 303.A

  

Banco Macro Corporate Practices

   Directors are nominated and appointed by the shareholders, with no involvement of the Corporate Governance and Apponitments Committee.
303A.05-Compensation Committee- Listed companies must have a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors, with a written charter that covers certain minimum specified duties.   

Neither Argentine law nor our by-laws require the establishment of a compensation committee. The compensation of our directors is determined at the annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting. Additionally, the audit committee must issue an opinion regarding the reasonableness of such compensation.

 

However, as a result of a general recommendation issued by the Central Bank to all financial institutions, we have created a Personnel Incentives Committee composed of three members from the board of directors, two of which are an independent director, and our human resources manager. The Committee’s main function is to control that the fixed and variable staff incentives -excluding directors- are consistent with the business culture, long term business plan, goals and business strategy of the Bank as well as with the applicable regulations governing the Bank.

 

303A.06/07- Audit Committee/Requirements- Listed companies must have an audit committee that satisfies the requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act.

 

(a)    The audit committee must have a minimum of three members. All of its members shall be financially literate or must acquire such financial knowledge within a reasonable period of time after the appointment and at least one of its members shall have experience in accounting or financial administration. In addition to meeting any requirement of Rule 10A-3(b)(1), all audit committee members must satisfy the independence requirements set out in Section 303A.02.

 

(b)    The audit committee must have a written charter that establishes the duties and responsibilities of its members, including, at a minimum, some of the duties and responsibilities required by Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and the following responsibilities set forth in NYSE Sections 303A.07(b)(iii)(A)-H) of the NYSE Manual.

 

A.     at least annually, obtain and review a report by the independent auditor describing: the firm’s internal quality-control procedures; any material issues raised in the most recent internal quality-control review, or peer review, of the firm, or by any inquiry or investigation by governmental or professional authorities, within the preceding five years, with respect to one or more independent audits carried out by the firm, and any steps taken to deal with any such issues; and (to assess the auditor’s independence) all relationships between the independent auditor and the listed company;

 

B.     meet with management and the independent auditor to review and discuss the listed company’s annual audited financial statements and quarterly financial statements, including a review of the company’s specific disclosures under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”;

 

C.     discuss the listed company’s earnings press releases, as well as financial information and earnings guidance provided to analysts and rating agencies;

 

D.     discuss risk assessment and risk management policies;

 

E.     hold separate regular meetings with management, the internal auditors (or other personnel responsible for the internal audit function) and the independent auditors;

 

F.      review any issue or difficulty arising from the audit or management’s response with the independent auditor;

 

G.     set clear policies for the recruitment of employees or former employees of the independent auditors; and

 

H.     report regularly to the board of directors.

 

(c)    Rule 303A.07(c) establishes that each listed company must have an internal audit function to provide management and the audit committee with ongoing advice on the company’s risk management processes and internal control systems.

 

If a member of the audit committee is simultaneously a member of the audit committee of more than three public companies the board of directors shall determine whether such simultaneous service would prevent such members from effectively serving on the listed company’s audit committee, and disclose such determination in the order of business of the annual shareholders’ meeting of the listed company or in the company’s annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC.

  

 

(a)    Argentine law requires that the audit committee be composed of three or more members from the board of directors (with a majority of independent directors), all of whom must be well-versed in business, financial or accounting matters. All the members of our audit committee, as appointed on April 23, 2015, satisfy the independence requirements of Rule 10A-3.

 

(b)    Neither Argentine law nor the CNV standards contain provisions relating to an audit committee member’s simultaneous service on the audit committee of other public companies.

 

(c)    The responsibilities of the audit committee, as provided for in the Capital Markets Law No. 26,831, as regulated by Decree No. 1023 and the CNV standards (NT 2013) regarding the functions of the Committee, are essentially the same as those provided for under Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, the following:

 

i. issuing an opinion about the board of directors’ proposal for the appointment of the external auditors to be retained by the Bank, and ensuring that auditors are independent;

 

ii. overseeing the performance of the internal control systems and the administrative-accounting system as well as the reliability of the latter and of all financial information or other facts which could be submitted to the CNV and self-regulated entities in compliance with the applicable reporting regime;

 

iii. supervising the enforcement of the Bank’s risk management information policies;

 

iv. providing the market with full disclosure with respect to transactions that give rise to conflict of interests with the members of the Bank’s corporate bodies or controlling shareholders;

 

v. issuing an opinion on the reasonableness of any proposal regarding the Directors’ and management fees and stock option plans proposed by the board of directors;

 

vi. issuing an opinion on the compliance with applicable legal requirements and on the reasonableness of the terms of any issuance of stock or convertible securities in case of capital increase excluding or limiting preemptive rights;

 

vii. assessing compliance with relevant rules of conduct;

 

viii. issuing a well founded opinion on transactions with related parties as established in this Decree. Issue a well founded opinion and inform the same to the self-regulated entities as determined by the CNV in the event of a conflict or interest or a potential conflict of interest.

 

In addition, pursuant to the provisions of the CNV Rules, the audit committee is responsible for:

 

•       reviewing external and internal auditors’ plans, evaluating their performance, and issuing an opinion on such regard upon the publication of the annual financial statements;

 

•       analyzing the various services provided by the external auditors and their independence, as established in the Professional Technical Resolutions of the Federación Argentina De Consejos Profesionales De Ciencias Económicas and any other regulations of the applicable supervisory authorities;

 

•       reporting on invoiced fees, broken down as follows: 1) external audit and other related services aiming to ensure reliability (e.g. special analyses on the verification and assessment of internal controls, taxes, involvement in offering memorandums, certifications and special reports required by supervisory authorities, etc); 2) special services other than those mentioned in item 1) above (e.g. design and implementation of information systems, legal, financial aspects, etc). Said assessment shall be made by the audit committee including a verification of their respective independence policies to ensure compliance therewith.

303A.08-Shareholder Approval of Equity Compensation Plans- Shareholders must be given the opportunity to vote on all equity compensation plans and material amendments thereto, except for employment inducement awards, certain grants, plans and amendments in the context of mergers and acquisitions, and certain specific types of plans.    We do not currently offer equity-based compensation to our directors, executive officers or employees; therefore, we have no policy on this matter.
303A.09-Corporate Governance Guidelines- Listed companies must adopt and disclose corporate governance guidelines.    Neither Argentine law nor our by-laws require the adoption or disclosure of corporate governance guidelines. However, due to our size and the importance of our

 

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NYSE Corporate Governance Standards - Section 303.A

  

Banco Macro Corporate Practices

   business we have implemented a Corporate Governance Code based on the recommended Code of Corporate Governance for listed companies issued by the CNV and the recommended corporate governance guidelines for financial institutions issued by the Central Bank.
303A.10-Code of Business Conduct and Ethics- Listed companies must adopt and disclose a code of business conduct and ethics for directors, officers and employees, and promptly disclose any waivers of the code for the benefit of directors or executive officers.    Neither Argentine law nor our by-laws require the adoption or disclosure of a code of business conduct and ethics. However, we have adopted a code of conduct applicable to all our employees. In addition, we have adopted a specific Code of Ethics applicable to our Directors and Senior Officers.

303A.12-Certification Requirements-

 

(a)    The CEO of each listed company must certify to the NYSE, on an annual basis, that he or she is not aware of any breach by the company of NYSE corporate governance listing standards, qualifying the certification to the extent necessary.

 

(b)    The CEO of each listed company must promptly notify the NYSE in writing upon any executive officer of the listed company becoming aware of any non-compliance with any applicable provisions of this Section 303A.

 

(c)    Each listed company must submit an annual executed Written Affirmation to the NYSE. In addition, each listed company must submit an interim written affirmation as and when required and using the interim written affirmation form specified by the NYSE.

  

No comparable provisions exist under Argentine law.

 

However, the Bank is in compliance with the certification requirements of Section 303A.12 (b) and (c) of the NYSE rules.

PART III

Item 17. Financial Statements

We have responded to Item 18 in lieu of responding to this Item.

Item 18. Financial Statements

See pages F-1 through F-113 of this annual report.

Item 19. Exhibits

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
Number

  

Description

  1.1    Restated Bylaws of the Bank, as amended and restated on April 29, 2014, incorporated by reference to the Form 6-K filed by the Bank on August 21, 2014 (File No. 001-32827).
  2.1    Deposit Agreement among the registrant, The Bank of New York, as depositary, and the holders from time to time of American depositary shares issued thereunder, including the form of American depositary receipts, incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement on Form F-1, as amended, filed by the Bank on March 20, 2006 (File No. 333-130901).
  8.1*    List of Subsidiaries.
12.1*    Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
12.2*    Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
13.1*    Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
13.2*    Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

* Filed herein

 

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SIGNATURE

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.

 

BANCO MACRO S.A.
By: /s/ Jorge Horacio Brito
Name: Jorge Horacio Brito
Title: Chief Executive Officer

Date: April 28, 2015

 

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LOGO

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF AND FOR THE THREE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014 TOGETHER WITH THE REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

F - 1


Table of Contents

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of

BANCO MACRO S.A. and subsidiaries

Sarmiento 447

City of Buenos Aires

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of BANCO MACRO S.A. (a bank organized under Argentine legislation) and its subsidiaries (the Bank) as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Bank’s Management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of BANCO MACRO S.A. and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014, in accordance with Central Bank of Argentine Republic rules applicable to the consolidated financial statements, which differ in certain respects from the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (see note 35 to the consolidated financial statements).

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America), the internal control over financial reporting of BANCO MACRO S.A. and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992 framework) and our report dated April 28, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

City of Buenos Aires,

April 28, 2015

 

PISTRELLI, HENRY MARTIN Y ASOCIADOS S.R.L.
Member of Ernst & Young Global
/S/ NORBERTO M. NACUZZI
Partner

 

F - 2


Table of Contents

BANCO MACRO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2014 AND 2013

(Figures stated in thousands of pesos)

 

     2014     2013  

ASSETS

    

CASH

    

Cash on hand

     4,703,574        3,232,931   

Due from banks and correspondents

    

Central Bank of Argentina

     9,459,016        8,937,649   

Local Other

     17,921        26,423   

Foreign

     1,253,156        663,118   

Other

     535        408   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  15,434,202      12,860,529   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECURITIES

Holdings booked at market value

  3,469,616      1,928,841   

Government securities under repo transactions with Central Bank of Argentina

  —        88,928   

Holdings booked at amortized cost

  336,302      250,513   

Instruments issued by the Central Bank of Argentina

  5,729,925      173,031   

Investments in listed private securities

  776,655      3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  10,312,498      2,441,316   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

LOANS

To the non-financial government sector

  604,417      640,158   

To the financial sector

Interfinancing (granted call)

  105,000      308,023   

Other financing to Argentine financial institutions

  107,657      55,711   

Accrued interest, adjustments, foreign exchange and quoted price differences receivable

  1,210      1,163   

To the non-financial private sector and foreign residents

Overdrafts

  3,385,551      4,449,988   

Documents

  4,627,375      4,320,772   

Mortgage loans

  2,466,073      2,308,916   

Pledge loans

  1,857,121      1,429,414   

Personal loans

  16,120,921      13,873,830   

Credit cards

  9,189,482      6,841,356   

Other

  5,835,233      5,206,630   

Accrued interest, adjustments, foreign exchange and quoted price differences receivable

  831,683      779,436   

less: Unearned discount

  (205,384   (186,547

less: Allowances

  (1,186,044   (1,006,495
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  43,740,295      39,022,355   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F - 3


Table of Contents

BANCO MACRO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2014 AND 2013

(Figures stated in thousands of pesos)

 

     2014     2013  

OTHER RECEIVABLES FROM FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION

    

Central Bank of Argentina

     810,922        648,015   

Amounts receivable from spot and forward sales pending settlement

     275,223        774,525   

Securities and foreign currency receivables from spot and forward purchases pending settlement

     50,246        208,774   

Unlisted corporate bonds

     463,816        270,690   

Receivables from forward transactions without delivery of underlying asset

     136,613        167   

Other receivables not covered by debtors classification standards

     501,417        763,238   

Other receivables covered by debtors classification standards

     345,953        246,284   

Accrued interest receivables covered by debtors classification standards

     673        846   

less: Allowances

     (235,755     (232,290
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  2,349,108      2,680,249   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

RECEIVABLES FROM FINANCIAL LEASES

Receivables from financial leases

  383,668      385,717   

Accrued interest and adjustments

  5,202      5,158   

less: Allowances

  (4,459   (5,015
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  384,411      385,860   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

INVESTMENTS IN OTHER COMPANIES

In financial institutions

  1,176      893   

Other

  11,561      13,883   

less: Allowances

  (1,506   (1,330
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  11,231      13,446   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

OTHER RECEIVABLES

Receivables from sale of assets

  2,804      6,116   

Minimum presumed income tax-credit

  3,460   

Other

  607,819      432,289   

Accrued interest and adjustments receivable on from sale of assets

  160      235   

Other accrued interest and adjustments receivable

  14      172   

less: Allowances

  (5,383   (6,929
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  605,414      435,343   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

BANK PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT, NET

  925,427      735,663   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

OTHER ASSETS

  808,239      364,670   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

  44,736      58,788   

Organization and development costs

  364,414      285,191   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  409,150      343,979   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

ITEMS PENDING ALLOCATION

  15,659      11,624   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL ASSETS

  74,995,634      59,295,034   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F - 4


Table of Contents

(Contd.)

BANCO MACRO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2014 AND 2013

(Figures stated in thousands of pesos)

 

     2014      2013  

LIABILITIES

     

DEPOSITS

     

From the non-financial government sector

     8,570,055         6,580,041   

From the financial sector

     38,683         26,874   

From the non-financial private sector and foreign residents

     

Checking accounts

     11,896,322         8,602,700   

Savings accounts

     11,013,878         8,440,709   

Time deposits

     21,510,754         18,416,520   

Investment accounts

     190,503         199,003   

Other

     1,137,750         878,032   

Accrued interest, adjustments, foreign exchange and quoted price differences payable

     358,609         283,139   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  54,716,554      43,427,018   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

OTHER LIABILITIES FROM FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION

Central Bank of Argentina – Other

  16,959      21,994   

International Banks and Institutions

  87,858      325,664   

Non-subordinated Corporate Bonds

  909,890      693,483   

Amounts payable for spot and forward purchases pending settlement

  122,466      241,942   

Securities and foreign currency to be delivered under spot and forward sales pending settlement

  235,574      863,570   

Financing received from Argentine financial institutions

Other financing received from Argentine financial institutions

  20,489      25,159   

Accrued interest payable

  96   

Payables from forward transactions without delivery of underlying asset

  27,867   

Other

  3,898,070      2,440,877   

Accrued interest, adjustments, foreign exchange and quoted price differences payable

  65,406      57,079   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  5,356,712      4,697,731   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

OTHER LIABILITIES

Fees

  12,196      11,224   

Other (see Note 5)

  1,859,148      1,314,477   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  1,871,344      1,325,701   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

PROVISIONS

  171,923      159,381   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

SUBORDINATED CORPORATE BONDS

  1,287,317      981,142   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

ITEMS PENDING ALLOCATION

  6,966      7,128   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

MINORITY INTERESTS IN SUBSIDIARIES

  93,001      69,502   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES

  63,503,817      50,667,603   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

  11,491,817      8,627,431   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

  74,995,634      59,295,034   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The accompanying Notes 1 through 35 to the consolidated financial statements

are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F - 5


Table of Contents

BANCO MACRO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2014 AND 2013

MEMORANDUM ACCOUNTS

(Figures stated in thousands of pesos)

 

     2014      2013  

DEBIT-BALANCE ACCOUNTS

     99,719,828         61,359,882   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Contingent

  13,422,838      11,983,952   

Guarantees received

  12,934,170      11,593,922   

Other not covered by debtors classification standards

  126      167   

Contingent debit-balance contra accounts

  488,542      389,863   

Control

  80,804,064      43,775,080   

Receivables classified as irrecoverable

  1,386,465      1,256,611   

Other

  78,789,541      41,803,691   

Control debit-balance contra accounts

  628,058      714,778   

Derivatives

  5,125,002      5,083,287   

Notional value of put options taken

  8,759      6,676   

Notional value of forward transactions without delivery of underlying asset

  2,432,466      2,916,785   

Interest rate swap

  50,000   

Derivatives debit-balance contra accounts

  2,683,777      2,109,826   

Trust activity

  367,924      517,563   

Trust funds

  367,924      517,563   

 

F - 6


Table of Contents

(Contd.)

BANCO MACRO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2014 AND 2013

MEMORANDUM ACCOUNTS

(Figures stated in thousands of pesos)

 

     2014      2013  

CREDIT-BALANCE ACCOUNTS

     99,719,828         61,359,882   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Contingent

  13,422,838      11,983,952   

Other guarantees provided covered by debtors classification standards

  112,092      129,681   

Other guarantees provided not covered by debtors classification standards

  145,861      151,489   

Other covered by debtors classification standards

  219,559      108,693   

Other not covered by debtors classification standards

  11,030   

Contingent credit-balance contra accounts

  12,934,296      11,594,089   

Control

  80,804,064      43,775,080   

Checks to be credited

  628,058      714,778   

Control credit-balance contra accounts

  80,176,006      43,060,302   

Derivatives

  5,125,002      5,083,287   

Notional value of call options sold

  114,479   

Notional value of forward transactions without delivery of underlying asset

  2,569,298      2,109,826   

Derivatives credit-balance contra account

  2,441,225      2,973,461   

Trust activity

  367,924      517,563   

Trust activity credit-balance contra accounts

  367,924      517,563   

The accompanying Notes 1 through 35 to the consolidated financial statements

are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F - 7


Table of Contents

BANCO MACRO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014, 2013 AND 2012

(Figures stated in thousands of pesos)

 

     2014      2013      2012  

FINANCIAL INCOME

        

Interest on cash and due from banks

     127         241         185   

Interest on loans to the financial sector

     64,293         51,468         46,084   

Interest on overdrafts

     1,338,170         1,074,900         721,000   

Interest on documents

     960,429         654,111         414,815   

Interest on mortgage loans

     483,143         333,854         198,809   

Interest on pledge loans

     274,287         197,135         126,822   

Interest on credit card loans

     1,930,082         1,022,177         740,670   

Interest on financial leases

     76,320         68,435         60,037   

Interest on other loans

     6,272,353         4,782,671         3,537,074   

Net income from government and private securities

     1,974,166         409,054         361,538   

Interest on other receivables from financial intermediation

     3,455         3,101         1,040   

Income from guaranteed loans - Presidential Decree No. 1387/01

     40,201         26,026         17,017   

CER (Benchmark Stabilization Coefficient) adjustment

     78,299         35,155         22,947   

CVS (Salary Variation Coefficient) adjustment

     737         606         512   

Difference in quoted prices of gold and foreign currency

     827,599         808,143         386,989   

Other

     358,988         286,454         268,831   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
  14,682,649      9,753,531      6,904,370   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

FINANCIAL EXPENSE

Interest on checking accounts

  533      497      317   

Interest on savings accounts

  49,237      41,060      33,972   

Interest on time deposits

  5,137,168      3,065,823      2,167,614   

Interest on interfinancing received loans (received call)

  1,202      2,883      4,283   

Interest on other financing from financial institutions

  17      7      12   

Interest on other liabilities from financial intermediation

  91,733      61,674      62,529   

Interest on subordinated bonds

  120,407      80,953      66,897   

Other interest

  3,109      3,369      3,033   

CER adjustment

  9,183      4,295      4,405   

Contribution to Deposit Guarantee Fund

  151,048      67,808      55,937   

Other

  1,018,924      693,171      428,591   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
  6,582,561      4,021,540      2,827,590   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

GROSS INTERMEDIATION MARGIN – GAIN

  8,100,088      5,731,991      4,076,780   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES

  664,882      540,032      600,424   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

SERVICE-CHARGE INCOME

Related to lending transactions

  92,101      164,097      141,048   

Related to deposits

  2,798,967      2,022,656      1,571,838   

Other commissions

  76,690      50,236      42,078   

Other

  1,688,030      1,189,335      889,767   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
  4,655,788      3,426,324      2,644,731   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F - 8


Table of Contents

(Contd.)

BANCO MACRO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014, 2013 AND 2012

(Figures stated in thousands of pesos)

 

     2014     2013     2012  

SERVICE-CHARGE EXPENSE

      

Commissions

     288,053        205,176        153,194   

Other

     927,706        712,631        532,198   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  1,215,759      917,807      685,392   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

Personnel expenses

  3,190,774      2,351,921      1,844,336   

Directors’ and statutory auditors’ fees

  163,378      117,077      75,005   

Other professional fees

  181,427      138,212      109,906   

Advertising and publicity

  128,387      103,437      92,526   

Taxes

  323,463      218,491      169,306   

Depreciation of equipment

  130,678      98,666      85,037   

Amortization of organization costs

  122,704      89,019      72,721   

Other operating expenses

  812,572      598,402      429,752   

Other

  445,496      300,131      236,796   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  5,498,879      4,015,356      3,115,385   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

NET INCOME FROM FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION - GAIN

  5,376,356      3,685,120      2,320,310   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

OTHER INCOME

Income from long-term investments

  49,635      25,132      13,299   

Penalty interest

  60,801      40,972      39,592   

Recovered loans and allowances reversed

  126,502      109,449      78,901   

CER adjustment

  102      63      76   

Others

  114,163      77,598      64,794   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  351,203      253,214      196,662   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

OTHER EXPENSE

Penalty interest and charges payable to the Central Bank of Argentina

  1,531      30      22   

Charges for other receivables uncollectibility and other allowances

  42,731      50,624      43,046   

Amortization of differences from deposit dollarization

  —        —        59,828   

Depreciation and loss of other assets

  3,196      3,051      2,065   

Goodwill amortization

  14,052      14,052      14,052   

Other

  200,840      75,931      37,076   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  262,350      143,688      156,089   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

MINORITY INTEREST IN SUBSIDIARIES

  (23,492   (18,173   (13,790
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX

  5,441,717      3,776,473      2,347,093   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

INCOME TAX

  1,962,186      1,332,909      853,475   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

NET INCOME FOR THE FISCAL YEAR

  3,479,531      2,443,564      1,493,618   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

NET INCOME PER SHARE (1) – stated in pesos

  5.95      4.18      2.56   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) See Note 31. to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying Notes 1 through 35 to the consolidated financial statements

are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F - 9


Table of Contents

(Contd.)

BANCO MACRO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES

STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014, 2013 AND 2012

(Figures stated in thousands of pesos)

 

                      Earnings reserved              

Changes

  Capital
stock
    Stock
issuance
premium
    Adjustments to
Shareholders’
equity
    Legal     Subordinated
Corporate
Bonds
    Voluntary     Unappropriated
earnings
    Total  

Balances as of December 31, 2011

    594,485        398,750        4,511        966,226        —          211        2,755,369        4,719,552   

Distribution of unappropiated earnings, as approved by the Shareholders’ Meeting held on April 16, 2012,

               

- Legal reserve

          235,219            (235,219  

- Special reserve for Subordinated Corporate Bonds (1)

            62,934          (62,934  

- Voluntary reserve for future distribution of earnings

              2,443,141        (2,443,141  

- Tax on personal assets

                (14,075     (14,075

Reversal of special reserve for Subordinated Corporate Bonds (1)

            (62,934       62,934     

Net income for the fiscal year

                1,493,618        1,493,618   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balances as of December 31, 2012

  594,485      398,750      4,511      1,201,445      —        2,443,352      1,556,552      6,199,095   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Legal merger of Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A. (2)

  78      5      —        —        —        —        (77   6   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  594,563      398,755      4,511      1,201,445      —        2,443,352      1,556,475      6,199,101   

Distribution of unappropiated earnings, as approved by the Shareholders’ Meeting held on April 11, 2013,

- Legal reserve

  298,724      (298,724

- Special reserve for Subordinated Corporate Bonds (1)

  71,916      (71,916

- Voluntary reserve for future distribution of earnings

  1,170,681      (1,170,681

- Tax on personal assets

  (15,234   (15,234

Reversal of special reserve for Subordinated Corporate Bonds (1)

  (71,916   71,916   

Net income for the fiscal year

  2,443,564      2,443,564   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balances as of December 31, 2013

  594,563      398,755      4,511      1,500,169      —        3,614,033      2,515,400      8,627,431   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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(Contd.)

BANCO MACRO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES

STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014, 2013 AND 2012

(Figures stated in thousands of pesos)

 

                      Earnings reserved              

Changes

  Capital
stock
    Stock
issuance
premium
    Adjustments to
Shareholders’
equity
    Legal     Subordinated
Corporate
Bonds
    Voluntary     Unappropriated
earnings
    Total  

Balances as of December 31, 2013

    594,563        398,755        4,511        1,500,169        0        3,614,033        2,515,400        8,627,431   

Distribution of unappropiated earnings, as approved by the Shareholders’ Meeting held on April 29, 2014,

               

- Legal reserve

          488,713            (488,713  

- Cash dividends (3)

              (596,254       (596,254

- Special reserve for Subordinated Corporate Bonds (1)

            95,326          (95,326  

- Voluntary reserve for future distribution of earnings

              1,911,651        (1,911,651  

- Tax on personal assets

                (19,712     (19,712

Reversal of special reserve for Subordinated Corporate Bonds (1)

            (95,326       95,326     

Other changes derived from the legal merger with Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A.

      744                77        821   

Capital stock decrease (4)

    (10,000               10,000     

Net income for the fiscal year

                3,479,531        3,479,531   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balances as of December 31, 2014

  584,563      399,499      4,511      1,988,882      —        4,929,430      3,584,932      11,491,817   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) See Notes 4.5.o.2) and 11.a.1). to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
(2) Includes the retroactive accounting effects of legal merger of Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A. as of January 1, 2013. See Note 35. 7.b). to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
(3) Cash dividends distribution was approved by Central Bank on June 16, 2014.
(4) See Note 10.

The accompanying Notes 1 through 35 to the consolidated financial statements

are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014, 2013 AND 2012

(Figures stated in thousands of pesos)

 

     2014     2013     2012  

CHANGES IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (Note 4.5.q))

      

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the fiscal year

     13,512,271        10,526,353        6,172,446   

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the fiscal year

     18,193,305        13,512,271        10,526,353   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

  4,681,034      2,985,918      4,353,907   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Causes of changes in cash and cash equivalents

Operating activities

Net collections / (payments) for:

- Government and private securities

  (4,804,248   451,488      (48,420

- Loans

- To the financial sector

  215,323      (152,924   291,597   

- To the non-financial government sector

  152,978      6,051      (211,154

- To the non-financial private sector and foreign residents

  5,594,127      (256,172   (1,547,040

- Other receivables from financial intermediation

  851,139      20,890      2,546,616   

- Receivables from financial leases

  77,320      1,836      63,862   

- Deposits

- From the financial sector

  11,809      2,652      6,490   

- From the non-financial government sector

  1,210,587      (2,246,827   2,186,276   

- From the non-financial private sector and foreign residents

  4,727,295      6,305,546      2,837,330   

- Other liabilities from financial intermediation

- Financing facilities from the financial sector (received calls)

  (1,298   95,906      (165,661

- Others (except liabilities included under financing activities)

  1,193,222      724,159      513,117   

Collections related to service-charge income

  4,652,186      3,400,939      2,626,865   

Payments related to service-charge expenses

  (1,174,403   (889,886   (668,688

Administrative expenses paid

  (5,091,123   (3,748,636   (2,947,585

Payment of organization and development costs

  (201,927   (158,508   (106,956

Net collections from penalty interest

  60,798      40,945      39,312   

Differences from payments related to court orders

  (4,938   (7,687   (8,644

Collections of dividends from other companies

  27,619      100      300   

Other collections related to other income and losses

  17,527      81,950      59,346   

Net payments from other operating activities

  (1,410,131   (735,780   (404,327

Payment of income tax / minimum presumed income tax

  (1,623,725   (906,557   (851,953
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash flows generated by operating activities

  4,480,137      2,029,485      4,210,683   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing activities

Net payments for bank premises and equipment

  (261,181   (174,960   (136,649

Net payments for other assets

  (394,756   (100,661   (67,766

Collections from sales of investment in others companies

  11,126      —        —     

Other collections / (payments) for investing activities

  —        39      (2,050
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash flows used in investing activities

  (644,811   (275,582   (206,465
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financing activities

Net (payments) / collections for:

- Non-subordinated corporate bonds

  (73,443   (47,455   (248,003

- Central Bank of Argentina:

- Other

  (6,343   (1,334   11,381   

- International Banks and Institutions

  (247,742   46,396      111,656   

- Subordinated corporate bonds

  (121,994   (85,368   (68,650

- Financing received from Argentine financial institutions

  (3,883   11,428      (2,246

Payment of dividends

  (598,486   (19   (19
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash flows used in financing activities

  (1,051,891   (76,352   (195,881
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial income and holding gains on cash and cash equivalents

  1,897,599      1,308,367      545,570   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

  4,681,034      2,985,918      4,353,907   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying Notes 1 through 35 to the consolidated financial statements

are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2014 AND 2013

(Figures stated in thousands of pesos, except otherwise indicated)

 

1. OVERVIEW OF THE BANK

Macro Compañía Financiera S.A. was created in 1977 as a non-banking financial institution. In May 1988, it received the authorization to operate as a commercial bank and it was incorporated as Banco Macro S.A. Subsequently, as a result of the merger process with other entities, it adopted other names (among them, Banco Macro Bansud S.A.) and since August 2006, Banco Macro S.A. (hereinafter, the Bank).

The Bank’s shares have been publicly listed on the BCBA (Buenos Aires Stock Exchange) since November 1994, and as from March 24, 2006, they are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).

Since 1994, Banco Macro S.A.’s market strategy was mainly focused on the regional areas outside the City of Buenos Aires. Following this strategy, in 1996, Banco Macro S.A. started the process to acquire entities and assets and liabilities during the privatization of provincial and other banks.

In 2001, 2004, 2006 and 2010, the Bank acquired the control of Banco Bansud S.A., Nuevo Banco Suquía S.A., Nuevo Banco Bisel S.A. and Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A., respectively. Such entities were merged with and into Banco Macro S.A. in December 2003, October 2007, August 2009 and December 2013, respectively. In addition, during fiscal year 2006, Banco Macro S.A. acquired control over Banco del Tucumán S.A.

The Bank currently offers traditional bank products and services to companies, including those operating in regional economies, as well as to individuals, thus reinforcing the Bank’s objective to be a multi-services bank.

In addition, the Bank performs certain transactions through its subsidiaries, Banco del Tucumán S.A., Macro Bank Limited (an entity organized under the laws of Bahamas), Macro Securities S.A., Macro Fiducia S.A. and Macro Fondos SGFCI S.A.

The chart showing the organizational structure as of December 31, 2014, is disclosed in Note 4.1 with the percentages indicating the ownership in each subsidiary.

 

2. CHANGES IN THE ARGENTINE MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT, AND THE SITUATIONS OF THE FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL SYSTEM AND THE BANK

The financial and capital markets

The international and local macroeconomic context generates a certain degree of uncertainty regarding its future progress as a result of the contractions in growth levels, the volatility of financial assets and the foreign exchange market, among other issues, which has been observed with various degrees of intensity over the last few years. In addition, at a local level, there was an increase in the volatility of government and private securities and in interest rates, as well as somewhat significant changes in the prices for other relevant economic variables, such as salary costs, the prices of the main raw materials and the exchange rate. In addition, resolution is currently pending in a claim against the Argentine Government by holders of government securities who did not join the debt restructuring carried out in 2005 and 2010, which has generated consequences in the interest payment service of certain government securities.

Specifically in connection with the Argentine foreign exchange market, as from October 2011, the Federal Government imposed certain restrictions to access to the MUyLC (single and free foreign exchange market). Moreover, during the first quarter of 2014, there was a strong appreciation of foreign currency and a rise in interest rates, both deposit and lending rates.

Lastly, on December 27, 2012, a new Capital Markets Law No. 26,831 was enforced, as enacted by Presidential Decree No. 1023/2013 dated July 29, 2013, and CNV (Argentine Securities Commission) General Resolution No. 622 dated September 5, 2013. As a result of this new regulation, different agents had to make material operational and business modifications (see also Note 15.1).

 

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Therefore, the Bank’s Management continuously monitors the change of the abovementioned situations in international and local markets, to determine the possible actions to adopt and to identify the possible impacts on its financial situation that may need to be reflected in the financial statements for future periods.

Legal actions

The Argentine economic and financial situation worsened in late 2001, when the Argentine government suspended payments on the sovereign debt and imposed severe restrictions on cash withdrawals from financial institutions.

The measures adopted by the Federal Executive Government with respect to the public emergency in political, economic, financial and foreign exchange matters triggered a number of legal actions (known as recursos de amparo – constitutional rights protection actions), brought by individuals and companies against the Federal Government, the Central Bank and the financial institutions for considering that Public Emergency Law and its supplementary regulations are unconstitutional.

In the specific case of deposits denominated in foreign currency, in some cases, the courts ordered the reimbursement of such deposits, either in foreign currency or at free foreign exchange rate at the time of reimbursement until a final judgment is issued with respect to the constitutionality of the conversion into pesos.

Some of these claims were treated by the Argentine Supreme Court, which issued resolutions on lower-court decisions for each particular case and in different manners.

On December 27, 2006, the Argentine Supreme Court revoked prior instance judgments that ordered the reimbursement of deposits in US dollars and decided that depositors are entitled to reimbursement of their deposits switched to pesos at the Ps, 1.40-to-USD 1 exchange rate, adjusted by the CER (benchmark stabilization coefficient) through the payment date, and interest should be applied to such amount at a rate of 4% p.a., which may not be compounded through the payment date.

As regards courts deposit in US dollars, on March 20, 2007, the Argentine Supreme Court ruled that principal should be reimbursed with no deterioration in value whatsoever, and that the sums should be kept in their original currency.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Bank recorded the additional payables related to such regulation under the “Provisions” account in the amount of 31,055 and 23,301, respectively. The Bank’s Management believes that there would be no additional significant effects, other than those recognized in accounts that could derive from the final outcome of such actions.

 

3. BANK OPERATIONS

 

  3.1. Agreement with the Misiones Provincial Government

The Bank and the Misiones Provincial Government entered into a special-relationship agreement whereby the Bank was appointed, for a five-year term since January 1, 1996, as the Provincial Government’s exclusive financial agent, as well as revenue collection and obligation payment agent.

On November 25, 1999, and December 28, 2006, extensions to such agreement were agreed upon, making it currently effective through December 31, 2019.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the deposits held by the Misiones Provincial Government with the Bank amounted to 2,303,677 and 1,178,587 (including 63,924 and 62,915 related to court deposits), respectively.

 

  3.2. Agreement with the Salta Provincial Government

The Bank and the Salta Provincial Government entered into a special-relationship agreement whereby the Bank was appointed, for a ten-year term since March 1, 1996, as the Provincial Government’s exclusive financial agent, as well as revenue collection and obligation payment agent.

 

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On February 22, 2005 and August 22, 2014, extensions to such agreements were agreed upon, making it currently effective through February 28, 2026.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the deposits held by the Salta Provincial Government with the Bank amounted to 1,058,824 and 1,508,357 (including 273,786 and 200,346 related to court deposits), respectively.

 

  3.3. Agreement with the Jujuy Provincial Government

The Bank and the Jujuy Provincial Government entered into a special-relationship agreement whereby the Bank was appointed, for a ten-year term since January 12, 1998, as the Provincial Government’s exclusive financial agent, as well as revenue collection and obligation payment agent.

On April 29, 2005 and July 8, 2014, extensions to such agreement were agreed upon, making it currently effective through September 30, 2024.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the deposits held by the Jujuy Provincial Government with the Bank amounted to 1,545,710 and 758,639 (including 127,743 and 103,063 related to court deposits), respectively.

 

  3.4. Agreements with Tucumán Provincial and Municipal Governments

Banco del Tucumán S.A. entered into special-relationship agreements with the Tucumán Provincial Government and with the Municipality of San Miguel de Tucumán, appointing it their exclusive financial agent, as well as revenue collection and obligation payment agent, through 2011 and 2013, respectively.

On June 30, 2010, the service agreement with the Tucumán Provincial Government was extended through July 8, 2021, while the agreement executed with the Municipality of San Miguel de Tucumán was automatically extended through July 8, 2018, as set forth in the original agreement.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the deposits held by the Tucumán Provincial Government and the Municipality of San Miguel de Tucumán with Banco del Tucumán S.A. amounted to 2,525,505 and 1,720,895 (including 608,089 and 502,803 related to court deposits), respectively.

 

  3.5. Uniones Transitorias de Empresas (joint ventures)

 

  a) Banco Macro S.A. - Siemens Itron Business Services S.A.

On April 7, 1998, the Bank entered into a joint venture agreement with Siemens Itron Business Services S.A., in which each holds a 50% equity interest, whereby a provincial data processing center would be provided to manage tax-related issues, to modernize tax collection systems and procedures in the Province of Salta, and to manage and perform the recovery of taxes and municipal assessments payable.

 

  b) Banco Macro Bansud S.A. - Montamat & Asociados S.R.L.

On October 22, 2004, the Bank entered into a UTE (joint venture) agreement with Montamat & Asociados S.R.L. under the name “BMB M&A – Unión Transitoria de Empresas”, in which each holds a 50% equity interest. The purpose of such agreement is to render audit services related to oil and gas royalties and fiscal easements in the province of Salta to optimize tax collection in such province.

On December 2012, as a result of the purpose for which the joint venture was established no longer exists, the Executive Committee of the UTE resolved to dissolve and liquidate the UTE.

 

  c) Banco Macro S.A. – Gestiva S.A.

On May 4, 2010, and August 15, 2012, the Bank and Gestiva S.A. entered into a joint venture under the name “Banco Macro S.A. – Gestiva S.A. – Unión Transitoria de Empresas” which is jointly controlled and is engaged in providing a comprehensive tax processing and management system for the Province of Misiones, its administration and collection of taxes thereof. The Bank has a 5% interest in its capital stock.

 

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As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the net assets of such joint ventures recorded and consolidated in the Bank’s consolidated financial statements through the equity method amounted to 19,663 and 12,688, respectively.

Also, as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, net income recorded through the method mentioned in the previous paragraph amounted to 35,674, 24,513 and 32,542, respectively.

 

4. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

  4.1. Consolidation and basis of presentation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles issued by the Central Bank of Argentine (Central Bank rules).

For the purpose of these consolidated financial statements, certain disclosures related to formal legal requirements for reporting in Argentina have been omitted since they are not required for SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission) reporting purposes.

Under Central Bank rules and FACPCE (Federación Argentina de Consejos Profesionales de Ciencias Económicas - Argentine Federation of Professional Council in Economic Sciences) Technical Resolutions, Banco Macro S.A. has consolidated the following subsidiaries:

 

     Shares      Percentage held of     Equity Investment amounts
as of
 

Company

   Class      Number      Capital
Stock
    Votes     December 31,
2014
     December 31,
2013
 

Banco del Tucumán S.A.

     Common         395,341         89.932     89.932     827,903         688,171   

Macro Bank Limited (a)

     Common         9,816,899         99.999     100.00     376,229         279,299   

Macro Securities S.A. (b) and (c)

     Common         12,776,680         99.921     99.932     94,160         55,144   

Macro Fiducia S.A.

     Common         6,475,143         98.605     98.605     17,812         12,895   

Macro Fondos SGFCI S.A.

     Common         327,183         99.936     100.00     7,488         4,362   

 

(a) Consolidated with Sud Asesores (ROU) S.A. (voting rights: 100%, equity interest: 1,843).
(b) Consolidated with Macro Fondos SGFCI S.A.
(c) The indirect equity interest of Banco Macro S.A comes from Macro Fiducia S.A.

Intercompany transactions were eliminated in the consolidation process.

Furthermore, the financial statements of Macro Bank Limited (consolidated with Sud Asesores (ROU) S.A.) were adapted to the Central Bank rules. Also, as they are originally stated in US dollars, they were translated into pesos following the procedures indicated below:

 

  (a) Assets and liabilities were translated at the reference exchange rate at the closing of transactions on the last business day of the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

 

  (b) Figures related to the owners’ contributions (capital stock, additional paid-in capital and irrevocable capital contributions) were translated by applying the effective exchange rates as of the date on which such contributions were paid in.

 

  (c) Retained earnings were estimated by the difference between assets, liabilities and owners’ contributions, translated into pesos, as indicated above.

 

  (d) The amounts of income were translated into pesos, as described in (a) above. The difference between retained earnings at beginning of year and retained earnings at year-end was recorded in “Other income – Income from long-term investments” and “Financial income – Difference in quoted prices of gold and foreign currency” or “Financial expense – Difference in quoted prices of gold and foreign currency” accounts, as the case may be.

 

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  4.2. Comparative information

The consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2014, are presented comparatively with those as of December 31, 2013 and 2012.

 

  4.3. Unit of measurement

Argentine professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires establish that the financial statements should be stated in constant pesos. The adjustment methodology and the need to apply it arise from requirements contained in Technical Resolutions (TR) No. 6 and No. 17 issued by FACPCE, which were amended by provisions of TR No. 39 approved by Professional Council in Economic Sciences of the City of Buenos Aires on April 16, 2014, as supplemented by Interpretation No. 8, both of them issued by the abovementioned Federation in October 2013 and June 2014, respectively.

These standards establish mainly, the existence of an inflation rate accumulated over a three-year period reaching or exceeding 100%, considering the domestic wholesale price index of the INDEC (Argentine Institute of Statistics and Censuses), as a key indicator and essential condition, that identifies an inflationary context that warrants adjusting the financial statements so that they are stated in constant currency as of the related date. As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the abovementioned domestic wholesale price index increase by 28.3%, 14.8% and 13.1%, respectively.

If the adjustment methodology has to be reinstated after a period of discontinuation, the adjustments shall be applicable from the beginning of the fiscal year when the existence of the characteristics identifying inflationary context are verified, and the changes to be considered shall be ones existing as from the moment the adjustment was discontinued.

The Bank’s consolidated financial statements recognize the changes in the peso purchasing power until February 28, 2003, when the adjustments to reflect those changes were discontinued, as provided by the professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires and as required by Presidential Decree 664/2003, Article N° 268 of General Resolution No. 7/2005 of the Business Association Regulatory Agency, Central Bank Communiqué “A” 3921 and CNV General Resolution No. 441.

However, the interpretation of the consolidated financial statements should consider the fact that, in recent fiscal years, there have been significant changes in the prices for relevant economic variables, such as salary cost, interest and exchange rates, which do not require such adjustments according to the abovementioned regulations.

 

  4.4 Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires the Bank to make, in certain cases, estimates to determine the book values of assets and liabilities, income, expenses and contingencies, as well as the disclosures thereof, as of each balance sheet date. The Bank’s records are based on the best estimate regarding the probability of occurrence of different future events and, therefore, the final amount may differ from such estimates, which may have a positive or negative impact on future fiscal years.

 

  4.5 Valuation methods

The main valuation methods used to prepare these consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2014, and 2013, were as follows:

 

  a) Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency:

The assets and liabilities denominated in US dollars were valued at Central Bank benchmark US dollar exchange rate effective as of the closing date of transactions on the last respective business day. Additionally, assets and liabilities denominated in other foreign currencies were translated at the exchange rate communicated by the Central Bank’s dealing room. Foreign exchange differences were recorded in the related consolidated statements of income.

 

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  b) Government and private securities:

 

  b.1) Government securities - Holdings booked at market value:

They were valued at the quoted prices or present values reported by the Central Bank, as the case may be. Differences in quoted prices and present values were recorded in the related consolidated statements of income.

 

  b.2) Government securities - Holdings booked at amortized cost:

As set forth in Central Bank Communiqué “A” 5180, as supplemented, except what is mentioned in the third paragraph, they were valued at acquisition cost increased by the accrued internal rate of return, net of the related offset account, also compared with the present values calculated by the Bank. The acquisition value previously mentioned is related to the present value of each security at acquisition date.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the present value calculated by the Bank for these securities amounted to 200,331 and 260,645, respectively.

As required under Central Bank Communiqué “A” 5506, BAADE (Argentine saving bonds for the economy development) were valued at acquisition cost increased by the accrued internal rate of return.

 

  b.3) Instruments issued by the Central Bank – Holdings booked at market value:

They were valued at the quoted price as of the last respective business day. Differences in quoted prices were recorded in the related consolidated statements of income.

 

  b.4) Instruments issued by the Central Bank – Holdings booked at amortized cost:

Holdings with no volatility (active market in accordance with Central Bank rules) published by the Central Bank were valued at acquisition cost plus accrued interest, exponentially applying the internal rate of return as per their issuance terms and conditions. The accruals of the internal rate of return mentioned above were recorded in the related consolidated statements of income.

 

  b.5) Private Securities – Investment in listed private securities:

As of December 31, 2014, they were valued at the quoted price as of the last respective business day. Differences in quoted prices were recorded in the consolidated statement of income.

 

  c) Guaranteed loans – Presidential Decree No. 1387/2001:

As set forth in Central Bank Communiqués “A” 4898, “A” 5180, as supplemented, the guaranteed loans issued by the Argentine Government under Presidential Decree No. 1387/2001 were valued at the specific acquisition value of each security, increased by accrued income including the benchmark stabilization coefficient (CER), net of the related offset account, compared in turn with the present values reported by the Central Bank.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the present value reported by the Central Bank for these securities amounted to 429,982 and 300,386, respectively.

 

  d) Interest accrual:

Interest has been accrued according to a compound interest formula in the period in which it was generated, except interest on transactions in foreign currency and those whose maturity does not exceed 92 days, on which interest has been accrued according to a simple interest formula.

The Bank suspends the interest accrual whenever loan payments are not settled (generally, after 90 days) or when the recoverability of the collection of principal or interest accrued is doubtful. Accrued interest is considered part of the loan balance when determining the allowances for loan losses. Afterwards, interest is only recognized on a cash basis.

 

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  e) CER accrual:

Receivables and payables have been indexed by the CER, wherever applicable, as follows:

 

  e.1) Guaranteed loans: as explained in Note 4.5.c).

 

  e.2) Deposits and other assets and liabilities: the CER as of the last respective day was applied.

 

  f) Allowance for loan losses and provision for contingent commitments:

These provisions have been calculated based on the estimated uncollectibility risk of the Bank’s credit portfolio, which, among other factors, results from the evaluation of the degree of debtors compliance and the guarantee/security supporting the respective transactions, under Central Bank Communiqué “A” 2950, as supplemented, and the Bank’s provisioning policies.

When loans covered by specific allowances are settled or generate a reversal of the allowances recorded in the current fiscal year, and in cases where the allowances set in prior years exceed what is considered necessary, the excess allowance is reversed with effects on income for the current fiscal year.

The recovery of receivables previously classified under “Debit-balance control memorandum accounts - Receivables classified as irrecoverable” are charged directly to income.

The Bank assesses the credit risk related to possible commitments and determines the appropriate amount of allowances to be recorded. The allowances related to amounts recorded in memorandum accounts granted guarantees, are included under “Provisions”.

 

  g) Other receivables from financial intermediation and Other liabilities from financial intermediation:

 

  g.1) Amounts receivable from spot and forward sales pending settlement and amounts payable for spot and forward purchases pending settlement:

They were valued based on the prices agreed upon for each transaction, plus related premiums accrued.

 

  g.2) Securities and foreign currency to be received for spot and forward purchases pending settlement and to be delivered for spot and forward sales pending settlement:

 

  i. With volatility (active market): they were valued at the effective quoted prices for each of them at the last respective business day. Differences in quoted prices were recorded in the related consolidated statements of income.

 

  ii. Without volatility (without active market): they were valued at their cost value increased exponentially by their internal rate of return. Such accruals were recorded in the related consolidated statements of income.

 

  g.3) Debt securities and certificates of participation in financial trusts:

 

  i. Debt securities: they were valued as provided by Central Bank Communiqué “A” 4414, at their cost value, increased exponentially by their internal rate of return, translated into pesos according to the method described in Note 4.5.a), as the case may be.

 

  ii. Certificates of participation: they were stated at cost or face value increased as the case may be, by interest accrued until the last respective business day, translated into Argentine pesos according to the method described in Note 4.5.a), as appropriate.

The values recorded, net of allowances, do not exceed the recoverable values from the respective trusts.

 

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  g.4) Unlisted corporate bonds purchased:

They were valued by the accrual method based on their internal rate of return, as provided by Central Bank Communiqué “A” 4414 and supplementary regulations. Such accruals were recorded in the related consolidated statements of income.

 

  g.5) Non subordinated corporate bonds issued:

They were valued at the amount due for principal and interest accrued, translated into pesos pursuant to the method described in Note 4.5.a). Such accruals were recorded in the related consolidated statements of income.

 

  h) Receivables from financial leases:

They were valued at the net investment in the lease less unearned income and calculated in accordance with the conditions agreed upon in the respective agreements, by applying the interest rate imputed therein.

Additionally, their characteristics are among the usual ones for this kind of transactions, and there are no differentiating issues of any kind compared with the transactions agreed on the Argentine financial market. These transactions are distributed among the Bank’s customers, and there are no pre-established contingent installments or automatic renewal clauses.

 

  i) Investments in other companies:

 

  i.1) In non-controlled financial institutions (less than 50% ownership interest), supplementary and authorized activities:

 

  i. In pesos: they were valued at acquisition cost, plus the nominal value of share-dividends received, restated as explained in Note 4.3, as the case may be.

 

  ii. In foreign currency: they were valued at the acquisition cost in foreign currency, plus the nominal value of share-dividends received, translated into pesos in accordance with the criterion stated in Note 4.5.a).

Such net values do not exceed the values calculated by the equity method on the basis of the latest financial statements published by the companies.

 

  i.2) In other non-controlled companies: they were valued at acquisition cost, plus the nominal value of share-dividends received, restated as described in Note 4.3., net of allowances for impairment in value. Such net values do not exceed the values calculated by the equity method on the basis of the latest financial statements published by the companies.

 

  j) Bank premises and equipment, other assets and intangible assets:

They were valued at their acquisition cost, restated as explained in Note 4.3., less the related accumulated depreciation and amortization calculated based on their estimated useful life using the straight line method.

 

  k) Valuation of derivatives:

 

  k.1) Interest rate swap: as of December 31, 2013, this included the equivalent in pesos of the notional value in relation to which the Bank agreed to charge or pay a spread between fixed and variable rates.

 

  k.2) Forward transactions without delivery of underlying asset: they were valued at the quoted price of the underlying assets upon maturity, as of the last respective business day. Differences in quoted prices were recorded in the related consolidated statements of income.

 

  k.3) Put options taken and call option sold: valued at the agreed-upon exercise price.

In all cases, see also Note 33.

 

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  l) Severance payments:

The Bank charges these payments directly to expenses.

 

  m) Provisions included in liabilities:

The Bank carries certain contingent liabilities related to current or future claims, lawsuits and other proceedings, including those related to labor and other obligations. Liabilities are recorded when it is probable that future costs will be incurred and whenever such costs may be reasonably estimated.

 

  n) Subordinated corporate bonds:

They were valued at the amount due for principal and interest accrued, translated into pesos pursuant to the method described in Note 4.5.a). Such accruals were recorded in the related consolidated statements of income.

 

  o) Shareholders’ equity accounts:

 

  o.1) They are restated as explained in Note 4.3., except for the “Capital stock” account which has been kept at its original value. The adjustment resulting from its restatement as explained in such note was included in the “Adjustments to shareholders’ equity” account.

 

  o.2) Special reserve for subordinated corporate bonds: related to the reserve created for paying the financial services of subordinated corporate bonds issued by the Bank (see Note 11.a.1)). This reserve is reversed on a monthly basis as the related interest is recorded in the consolidated statements of income.

 

  p) Consolidated Statements of income accounts:

 

  p.1) The accounts comprising monetary transactions (financial income (expense), service-charge income (expense), provision for loan losses, administrative expenses, among others) were computed at their historical amounts on a monthly accrual basis.

 

  p.2) The accounts reflecting the effects on income from the sale, retirement or consumption of non monetary assets were computed on the basis of the amounts of such assets, which were restated as mentioned in Note 4.3.

 

  q) Statements of cash flows and cash equivalents:

The Bank considers “Cash and cash equivalents” to include the following accounts: Cash and investments which mature less than 90 days from their date of acquisition / constitution. Below is a breakdown of the reconciliation of the “Cash and cash equivalents” item on the consolidated statement of cash flows with the related consolidated balance sheet accounts as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

 

     2014      2013      2012  

Cash

     15,434,202         12,860,529         10,047,048   

Government and private securities

        

Holdings booked at market value

     769,679         638,762         388,462   

Instruments issued by the Central Bank of Argentina

     1,809,774         12,980         90,843   

Other receivables from financial intermediation

        

Other receivables covered by debtors classification standards

     179,650         —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

  18,193,305      13,512,271      10,526,353   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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5. INCOME TAX AND MINIMUM PRESUMED INCOME TAX (TOMPI)

As required by Central Bank’s rules, the Bank calculates income tax by applying the effective 35% rate to the estimated taxable income for each fiscal year, without considering the effect of temporary differences between book and taxable income.

In 1998, Law No. 25,063 established minimum presumed income tax for a ten-year term. At present, after subsequent extensions, such tax is effective through December 30, 2019. This tax is supplementary to income tax, while the latter is levied on the taxable income for the year, minimum presumed income tax is a minimum levy assessment by applying 1% over 20% of certain assets as provided by the law for financial institutions. Therefore, the Bank’s tax obligation for each year will be equal to the higher of these taxes. However, if minimum presumed income tax exceeds income tax in a given tax year, such excess may be computed as a payment on account of any income tax in excess of minimum presumed income tax that may occur in any of the following ten years, once accumulated net operating losses (NOLs) have been used.

As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Bank estimated an income tax expense of 1,962,186, 1,332,909 and 853,475, respectively, included in Other Liabilities – Other.

Additionally, as of December 31, 2014, the Bank made income tax prepayments for 976,036 for the 2014 fiscal year, which will be applied to the tax amount assessed in the 2014 tax return.

 

6. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CENTRAL BANK RULES AND PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS EFFECTIVE IN THE CITY OF BUENOS AIRES

Argentine professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires differ, in certain valuation aspects, from Central Bank accounting standards. The differences between those standards, which the Bank identified and deemed material to these consolidated financial statements, are as follows:

 

     Adjustments under professional
accounting standards to equity
 

Item

   2014      2013      2012  

Government securities and assistance to the government sector (a)

        

Holdings of government securities booked at amortized cost

     (21,420      35,162         6,583   

Instruments issued by the Central Bank booked at amortized cost

     2,381         41         63   

Guaranteed loans – Presidential Decree No. 1387/01

     15,155         (13,614      (16,350

Business Combinations (b)

        

Acquisition of Nuevo Banco Bisel S.A.

     (83,157      (92,636      (102,276

Other

     (53,359      (58,060      (62,762

Deferred assets - Income tax (c)

     243,854         116,694         84,386   

Other assets (d)

     —           1,717         (477

Liabilities – Provisions (e)

     (81,534      (67,994      (59,351
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  21,920      (78,690   (150,184
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

In addition, income would have increased by around 100,610, 71,494 and 109,991 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

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a) Holdings of government securities, instruments issued by the Central Bank and credit assistance to the nonfinancial government sector: these holdings and financing are valued based on the specific regulations and standards issued by the Argentine government and the Central Bank, which set forth, among other issues, the use of present values, technical values and offset accounts, as explained in Notes 4.5.b.2), 4.5.b.4) and 4.5.c). Pursuant to the argentine professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires, the securities, instruments and assistance mentioned in those notes should be stated at their market and/or present values, as the case may be. In addition, current Central Bank regulations establish that financing to the nonfinancial government sector is not subject to loan-loss provisioning, whereas the argentine professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires require that assets in general to be compared with their recoverable value every time financial statements are prepared.

 

b) Business combinations: under the standards set forth by Central Bank, business acquisitions are recorded according to the book values of the acquired company and, if the purchase price exceeds the book value, the excess amount is recorded in the acquiring company’s books as a positive goodwill. On the other hand, if the purchase price is lower than book value, the difference is recorded in the acquiring company’s books as a negative goodwill. If the goodwill is positive, Central Bank standards establish that such goodwill should be amortized under the straight-line method based on an estimated useful life of ten years. If the goodwill is negative, Central Bank Communiqué “A” 3984 establishes specific amortization methods; the maximum amortization allowed per year is 20%.

According to the argentine professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires, business combinations are recorded based on the market values of the acquired company’s identifiable net assets and the difference between the purchase price and the identifiable net asset measurement value is recorded as either a positive or a negative goodwill, as the case may be. If a positive goodwill is recognized, this goodwill will be amortized systematically over the estimated useful life, unless it has an indefinite useful life considering the estimates made by the Bank’s Management, in which case it shall not be amortized, but compared with its recoverable value as of each year-end. If a negative goodwill is recognized due to expected losses or future expenses of the acquired entity and which should not have been recorded as liabilities as of the acquisition date, it will either be charged to the consolidated statement of income according to the change in specific circumstances that gave rise to it or systematically, taking into account an average weighted useful life of the acquired entity’s assets subject to depreciation and amortization.

 

c) Income tax: the Bank and its subsidiaries determine income tax applying the effective rate to the estimated taxable income, without considering the effect of the temporary differences between book and taxable income. According to the argentine professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires, income tax should be booked following the deferred tax method, according to which (i) in addition to the current tax payable, either an asset (if certain conditions are met) or a liability is recognized for deferred taxes related to the tax effect of the temporary differences between the book and tax valuation of assets and liabilities, and (ii) a tax expense (income) is recognized in relation to the portion involving the current tax expense (income) as well as the one involving the deferred tax expense (income), resulting from the creation and reversal of the abovementioned temporary differences in the year. Under argentine professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires, a deferred tax asset is recognized when there are unused NOLs or tax credits that can be deducted from future taxable income, provided they are likely.

 

d) Other assets: as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Bank recorded interest rate swap agreements under memorandum accounts in conformity with Central Bank accounting standards. According to the argentine professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires, the measurement of derivative financial instruments should be made at their net realizable value if they have quoted prices, or lacking this, using mathematical models that are appropriate in relation to the instrument’s characteristics and using variables that can be verified.

 

e) Liabilities: the Bank books the effects of the Argentine Supreme Court rulings dated December 27, 2006, and August 28, 2007, upon payment of such precautionary measures, in conformity with Central Bank indications in the notice dated August 4, 2008. According to the argentine professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires, the Bank should have recorded a liability related to this item.

 

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7. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN TOWARDS INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS (IFRS)

On February 12, 2014 the Central Bank, through Communiqué “A” 5541 established the general guidelines towards conversion to the IFRS issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) for preparing financial statements of the entities under its supervision, for the annual fiscal years beginning on January 1, 2018 as well as those of interim-periods.

According to such conversion process, no later than March 31, 2015, financial institutions must elaborate and present to the Central Bank, their own implementation plan together with the appointment of a person in charge, according to Central Bank Communiqué “A” 5635.

As of the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the Bank is implementing the abovementioned IFRS conversion process.

 

8. RESTRICTED ASSETS

As of December 31, 2014, and 2013, the following Bank’s assets are restricted:

 

Item

   2014      2013  

Government and private securities

     

•   Federal Government bond in pesos at Badlar private + 250 basis points, maturing in 2019, securing the role of custodian of FGS (sustainability guarantee fund) investments

     92,464         —     

•   Federal Government bond in pesos at Badlar private + 200 basis points, maturing in 2017 and Federal Government bond in pesos at Badlar private + 275 basis points, maturing in 2014, used as security in favor of SEDESA (1), respectively

     84,569         89,333   

•   Federal Government bond in pesos at Badlar private + 300 basis points, maturing in 2015 and Federal Government bond in pesos at Badlar private + 275 basis points, maturing in 2014, securing the role of custodian of FGS investments, respectively

     62,043         80,513   

•   Federal Government bond in pesos at Badlar private + 300 basis points, maturing in 2015 and Federal Government bond in pesos at Badlar private + 275 basis points, maturing in 2014, for the performance of forward foreign currency trading transactions, respectively

     45,274         55,136   

•   Secured Bonds under Presidential Decree No. 1579/02 as security for a loan received from Banco de Inversión y Comercio Exterior S.A. (BICE)

     36,748         33,775   

•   Federal Government bond in pesos at Badlar private + 200 basis points, maturing in 2017, for the minimum amount required to perform as an Agent in the new categories provided by CNV General Resolution No. 622/2013

     13,991         —     

•   Secured bonds in pesos under Presidential Decree N° 1579/2002, maturity 2018, for the minimum amount required to perform as an Agent in the new categories provided by CNV General Resolution No. 622/2013

     8,284         —     

•   Other government and private securities

     2,881         8,967   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal government and private securities

  346,254      267,724   

 

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Item (cont.)

   2014      2013  

Loans

     

•   Guaranteed Loans under Presidential Decree No. 1387/01 – Global 17 at a variable rate provided as guarantee in favor of the Central Bank in relation to the auctions of advances intended for the production sector under the Bicentennial Production Financing Program

     56,577         43,263   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal Loans

  56,577      43,263   

Other receivables from financial intermediation

•   Special guarantee checking accounts opened in Central Bank for transactions related to the electronic clearing houses and similar entities

  810,922      582,314   

•   Interests resulting in contributions made in the Bank’s capacity by contributory partner of the following venture funds: (2)

-   Risk Fund of Los Grobo SGR (mutual guarantee association), with an original contribution of 30,000 made on December 23, 2014

  30,000      —     

-   Risk Fund of Garantizar SGR, with an original contribution of 20,000 made on December 22, 2014

  20,000      —     

-   Risk Fund of Intergarantías SGR, with an original contribution of 7,000 made on December 22, 2014

  7,000      —     

-   Risk Fund of Intergarantías SGR, with an original contribution of 3,000 made on December 30, 2013

  3,000      3,000   

-   Risk Fund of Garantizar SGR, with an original contribution of 20,000 made on December 13, 2012 (3)

  —        21,268   

-   Risk Fund of Los Grobo SGR, with an original contribution of 20,000 made on December 12, 2012 (4)

  —        21,241   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal Other receivables from financial intermediation

  870,922      627,823   

Other receivables

•   Security deposits related to credit card transactions

  196,348      137,269   

•   Sundry receivables includes an item related to the attachment ordered in the context of a claim initiated by the City of Buenos Aires tax authorities on turnover tax differences

  827      827   

•   Other guarantee security

  5,100      4,985   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal Other receivables

  202,275      143,081   

Investments in other companies

•   Other

  1,453      1,453   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal Investments in other companies

  1,453      1,453   

Other assets

•   Building related to call option sold (see Note 33.1.(b))

  105,258      —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal Investments in other companies

  105,258      —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  1,582,739      1,083,344   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) As replacement for the preferred shares of former Nuevo Banco Bisel S.A. to secure to SEDESA the price payment and the fulfillment of all the obligations assumed in the purchase and sale agreement dated May 28, 2007, maturing on August 11, 2021.

 

(2) In order to keep tax benefits related to these contributions, they must be maintained between two and three years from the date they were made.

 

(3) As of December 16, 2014 Garantizar SGR reimbursed the 100% principal originally contributed.

 

(4) As of December 19 and December 29, 2014, Los Grobo SGR reimbursed the available Risk Fund for an amount of 17,705 and accrued returns for an amount of 4,018, respectively.

 

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9. TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES

Banco Macro S.A.’s receivables / payables and income (loss) from transactions performed with subsidiaries and related parties are as follows. As mentioned in Note 4.1., transactions with subsidiaries were eliminated in the consolidation process:

 

     Banco del
Tucumán
S.A.
     Macro
Bank
Limited
     Macro
Securities
S.A.
     Other
subsidiaries
and related
parties
(1)
     Total
2014
     Total
2013
 

ASSETS

                 

Cash

     —           6,083         —           —           6,083         4,762   

Loans

     —           —           —           297,432         297,432         207,530   

Other receivables from financial intermediation

     249,101         —           40,499         112,046         401,646         212,836   

Receivables from financial leases

     —           —           9,480         978         10,458         10,055   

Other receivables

     772         —           —           221         993         —     

Items pending allocation

     20         —           —           —           20         44   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

  249,893      6,083      49,979      410,677      716,632      435,227   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

LIABILITIES

Deposits

  —        1,038      31,821      909,940      942,799      612,366   

Other liabilities from financial intermediation

  324,623      —        15,924      1,949      342,496      96,878   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities

  324,623      1,038      47,745      911,889      1,285,295      709,244   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

MEMORANDUM ACCOUNTS

Debit balance accounts - Control

  —        —        —        1,272,193      1,272,193      537,998   

Credit balance accounts - Contingent

  —        —        1,770      1,954      3,724      1,953   

Credit balance accounts - Derivatives (2)

  —        —        —        154,555      154,555      —     

 

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     Banco del
Tucumán
S.A.
    Macro
Bank
Limited
     Macro
Securities
S.A.
    Other
subsidiaries
and related
parties
(1)
    Total
2014
    Total
2013
    Total
2012
 

INCOME (LOSS)

               

Financial income

     21        —           1,178        26,711        27,910        33,517        23,558   

Financial expense

     (13,986     —           —          (22,285     (36,271     (16,692     (12,946

Service-charge income

     27        3         679        5,115        5,824        5,533        5,631   

Service-charge expense

     —          —           (1,600     (101     (1,701     (6     —     

Administrative expenses

     (12     —           —          —          (12     (11     (1,101

Other income

     11,384        —           —          —          11,384        9,765        9,729   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total income / (loss)

  (2,566   3      257      9,440      7,134      32,106      24,871   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Related to receivables from and payables to other related parties to the Bank for transactions performed in the normal course of business, under normal market conditions, in terms of interest rates and prices, as well as guarantees required. Additionally, as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, balances for transactions between Macro Group companies amounted to 527 and 472, respectively. Net income from those transactions for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 amount to 8, 4 and 7, respectively. Both balances and income were eliminated in the consolidation process.

 

(2) The Bank has recorded foreign currency trading transactions without delivery of the underlying asset and involving related parties, in its memorandum accounts. According to the Bank’s policy, they are matched in terms of amounts and maturity with transactions carried out with third parties who are not related parties. As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the net intermediation income from such transaction generated earnings / (loss) for the year of around 14,116, (350) and 2, respectively.

Additionally, the ANSES -National Social Security Administration (as manager of the “Fondo de Garantía de Sustentabilidad” or Sustainability Guarantee Fund), held (i) 30.97% of the capital stock of the Bank, and (ii) since the issuance of Emergency Decree N°. 441 (April, 2011), 28.80% of votes. In accordance with FASB ASC 850, from April 2011, the Sustainability Guarantee Fund is considered other related party.

Thus, as of December 31, 2014 the Bank recorded checking accounts made by ANSES (as manager of the Sustainability Guarantee Fund), for an amount of 199,936. Additionally, as of December 31, 2013 the Bank recorded checking accounts and time deposits made by ANSES for an amount of 466,867. In addition, the Bank recorded interest for such time deposits in “Financial Expense” for an amount of 108,442 and 196,288 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Additionally, as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Bank recorded an amount of 55,081,889 and 29,197,830, respectively, in “Checks and securities in custody” under Memorandum accounts.

 

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10. CAPITAL STOCK

As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the legal capital structure is as follows:

 

SHARES

     CAPITAL STOCK  

Class

   Stock number     Votes
per
share
     Issued and
outstanding
     In
treasury
    Pending
issuance
    Paid-in  

Registered Class A shares of common stock

     11,235,670        5         11,236         —          —          11,236   

Registered Class B shares of common stock

     583,249,498        1         573,249         10,000        —          583,249   
  

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total 2012

  594,485,168      584,485      10,000      —        594,485   
  

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Capital Increase - Registered Class B Shares (1)

  77,860      1      —        —        78      78   
  

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total 2013

  594,563,028      584,485      10,000      78      594,563   
  

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Capital decrease – Registered Class B Shares (2)

  (10,000,000   1      —        (10,000   —        (10,000

Registered Class B shares of common stock (1)

  —        1      78      —        (78   —     
  

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total 2014

  584,563,028      584,563      —        —        584,563   
  

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2014:

Registered Class A shares of common stock

  11,235,670      5      11,236      —        —        11,236   

Registered Class B shares of common stock (1)

  573,327,358      1      573,327      —        —        573,327   
  

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total 2014

  584,563,028      584,563      —        —        584,563   
  

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Related to the capital increase in the amount of 77,860 Class B shares of common stock with a face value of Ps 1, each one entitled to one vote, and delivered to the minority shareholders of former Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A., in the merger process with Banco Macro S.A.

 

(2) Related to capital stock decrease resulting from the lapse of three years from acquisition from September through December 2011, involving 10,000,000 own registered Class B shares of common stock for a total amount of 92,919. These shares have not been sold and the shareholders’ meeting has issued no resolution as to the application thereof. As the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the capital stock decrease is in process in the CNV, to be subsequently registered in the Public Registry of Commerce.

 

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11. CORPORATE BONDS ISSUANCE

The amounts recorded in the consolidated financial statements related to corporate bonds are as follows:

 

            As of December, 31  

Class

   Original face
value
    Residual face
value as of
12/31/2014
     2014      2013  

Subordinated - Class 1

     USD150,000,000   a.1)      USD150,000,000         1,287,317         981,142   

Non-subordinated - Class 2

     USD150,000,000   a.2)      USD106,395,000         942,115         718,044   
       

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  2,229,432      1,699,186   
       

 

 

    

 

 

 

Maturities of the corporate bonds as of December 31, 2014, are as follows:

 

Fiscal Year

   Amounts  

2015

     36,742   

2017

     909,890   

2036

     1,282,800   
  

 

 

 

Total

  2,229,432   
  

 

 

 

On September 1, 2006, June 4, 2007 and April 26, 2011, the general regular shareholders’ meeting approved the creation, and subsequent extension, of a Global Program for the Issuance of Simple Corporate Bonds in a short, medium or long term, either subordinated or non subordinated, with or without guarantee, in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 23,576, as amended by Law No. 23,962, and further applicable regulations, up to a maximum amount outstanding at any time during the term of the program of USD 1,000,000,000 (one billion US dollars), or an equal amount in other currencies, under which it will be possible to issue different classes and/or series of corporate bonds denominated in US dollars or other currencies and reissue the successive classes or series to be amortized.

 

  a.1) On December 18, 2006, under the abovementioned Global Program, Banco Macro S.A. issued the 1st series of Class 1 subordinated Notes for a face value of USD 150,000,000 (US dollars one hundred and fifty million). The main characteristics of this issuance are:

 

    Computable to the Bank’s required minimum capital (computable equity), as established by Communiqué “A” 4576.

 

    The Notes fall due within a 30-year term, with full amortization upon maturity (December 18, 2036), with full redemption option in 10 years since the issuance date.

 

    Interest payments will be made with a semiannual frequency (June 18 and December 18, every year).

 

    During the first 10 years, the interest rate will be a fixed one (9.75%), and a variable one for the remaining years (six-month LIBOR, plus 7.11%). As established by Communiqué “A” 4576, the interest rate payable can be increased only once over the life of the instrument and subsequent to the 10-year term since their issuance.

 

    They do not include covenants that change the subordination order.

 

    No interest on the Notes will neither fall due and payable if: (i) payments of such interest is the distributable amount, as defined in the pricing supplement dated November 23, 2006; (ii) there is a general prohibition by the Central Bank; (iii) the Bank is subject to the provisions of Articles 34 or 35 bis, Financial Institutions Law; (iv) the Bank is receiving financial assistance from Central Bank for illiquidity under Article 17 of Central Bank Charter; (v) the Bank is not in compliance with or has failed to comply in a timely basis with reporting obligations to the Central Bank; and/or (vi) the Bank is not in compliance with minimum capital requirements (both on an individual and consolidated basis levels) or with minimum cash reserves (on average).

 

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    Unpaid interest is not cumulative.

 

    They have authorizations both for their public offering and their listing on domestic or foreign stock exchanges or markets.

 

    In no case, the payment of financial services may exceed net unappropriated retained earnings as per the consolidated financial statements for the last fiscal year, with an external auditor’s report, which should be appropriated to a reserve created to such end, as established by Communiqué “A” 4576 (see Note 16.b)).

The Bank used the funds derived from such issuance to grant loans.

 

  a.2) On January 29, 2007, the Bank issued the 1st series of Class 2 non subordinated simple corporate bonds at a fixed rate of 8.5% p.a., not convertible into shares, fully amortizable upon maturity (February 1, 2017) for a face value of USD 150,000,000 (one hundred and fifty million US dollars), under the terms and conditions set forth in the price supplement dated January 10, 2007. Interest is paid semiannually on February 1 and August 1 of every year.

Additionally, the Bank has the option to redeem such issuance, either fully or partially, at any time and from time to time. The Bank used the funds derived from such issuance to grant loans.

On August 16, 2007, the SEC authorized the abovementioned exchange offers mentioned in a.1) and a.2).

 

12. ITEMS IN CUSTODY

 

  12.1. Portfolio Management

 

Item

   Managed portfolio as of  
   2014      2013  

Ÿ  On March 1, 1996, former Banco de Salta S.A. (which was absorbed by the Bank) and the Salta Provincial Government entered into an Agreement to Manage the Loan Portfolio of Banco Provincial de Salta (in liquidation) related to the nonfinancial private sector,

     14,026         14,039   

Ÿ  On August 11, 1998, former Banco de Jujuy S.A. (which was absorbed by the Bank) and the Jujuy Provincial Government entered into an agreement to manage the loan portfolio of the former Banco de la Provincia de Jujuy and to provide a monthly report on the tasks performed,

     40,927         42,082   

Ÿ  On April 6, 2001, through Provincial Decree No. 806, the Ministry of the Treasury of the Province of Salta approved an extension to the “Contract for the service of collecting, processing and arranging information, managing the loan portfolio and performing collection procedures related to the receivables of the IPDUV (Provincial Institute of Urban and Housing Development)” entered into on March 27, 2001, between such Agency and Banco Macro S.A.,

     110,469         107,875   

Ÿ  On August 19, 2002, ABN AMRO Bank N.V. Sucursal Argentina, as trustee, the former Scotiabank Quilmes S.A., as trustor, Banco Comafi S.A., as an agent and collecting manager and the former Banco Bansud S.A. (currently Banco Macro S.A.), entered into an “Agreement for the LAVERC financial trust’s collection administration and management”,

     70,015         74,069   

Ÿ  On June 30, 2006, the Bank and Macro Fiducia S.A. entered into a management and custody agreement regarding the “RETUC 1” trust loan portfolio,

     55,738         58,169   

Ÿ  On December 31, 2008, Banco del Tucumán S.A. and Macro Fiducia S.A. entered into a management and custody agreement regarding the “BATUC 1” trust loan portfolio,

     15,910         16,031   

Ÿ  On November 22, 2012 and 2013 and November 26, 2014, the Bank (trustor) and Macro Fiducia S.A. (trustee), created the financial trusts Fideicomiso Financiero Privado “SECANE I”, “SECANE II” and “SECANE III”, respectively; in the trusts agreement the trustor assumes the role of collection agent, administration and custodian,

     368,358         183,845   

 

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Item (contd.)

   Managed portfolio as of  
   2014      2013  

Ÿ  On October 30, 2012, the Bank, Banco de Valores S.A. and Banco del Tucumán S.A. entered into a management and custody agreement regarding the “Fideicomiso Financiero Tucumán Personal I” financial trust loan portfolio.

     —           19,454   

Ÿ  Other manager portfolios.

     355,555         139,966   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  1,030,998      655,530   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  12.2. Mutual Funds

As of December 31, 2014, the Bank, in its capacity as Depository Company, held in custody the shares of interest subscribed by third parties and assets from the following mutual funds:

 

Fund

   Shares of interest      Equity      Assets (a)  

Pionero Pesos

     383,026,617         810,104         769,084   

Pionero Renta Ahorro

     714,148,061         2,228,873         2,248,482   

Pionero F F

     91,153,583         243,755         241,943   

Pionero Renta

     40,380,671         276,015         271,969   

Pionero Acciones

     2,328,301         17,000         16,062   

Pionero Renta Dólares

     6,027         20         —     

Pionero Empresas FCI Abierto PYMES

     63,820         84         76   

Pionero Consumo

     80,081         101         88   

Argenfunds Renta Pesos

     68,055,151         70,629         70,725   

Argenfunds Renta Argentina

     178,533,054         199,440         198,437   

Argenfunds Ahorro Pesos

     456,952,564         754,014         760,661   

Argenfunds Renta Privada FCI

     272,308,533         410,320         431,843   

Argenfunds Abierto Pymes

     708,121         878         886   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  5,011,233      5,010,256   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) “Memorandum accounts – Debit-balance accounts – Control – Other” includes mainly items in custody. Consequently, this account includes the above mentioned amounts related to the mutual funds’ investment portfolios.

 

13. BANK DEPOSITS GUARANTEE INSURANCE SYSTEM

Law No. 24,485, and Presidential Decree No. 540/1995, provided for the organization of a Bank Deposit Guarantee Insurance System, characterized as being limited, mandatory and for valuable consideration, designed to provide coverage for risks inherent in bank deposits, supplementary to the bank deposit privileges and protection offered by the system created by Financial Institutions Law. Such law also provided for the organization of SEDESA to manage the Deposit Guarantee Fund. Such company was organized in August 1995. The Bank holds a 8.7559% equity interest therein, according to the percentages set forth in Central Bank Communiqué “B” 10981 of March 26, 2015.

This system shall cover the deposits up to the amount of 350 in Argentine pesos and foreign currency with the participating institutions as checking accounts, savings accounts, certificates of deposit or any other modes determined by the Central Bank, as long as the requirements under Presidential Decree No. 540/1995 and any others established by the enforcement agency are fulfilled. On the other hand, Central Bank established that the deposits made by other financial institutions, those made by persons related to the Bank, deposits of securities, among others, must be excluded from the deposit guarantee system.

 

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14. TRUST AGREEMENTS

The Bank is related to different types of trusts. The different trust agreements are disclosed below, according to the Bank’s business purpose:

 

  14.1. Interest in trusts for investment purposes.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Bank holds (i) investments in certificates of participation amounted to 21,134 and 72,468 (net of allowances), respectively, and (ii) debt securities amounted to 168,385 and 424,399, respectively (see Note 25).

Debt securities include mainly:

 

    prepayments towards the placement price of trust securities of the financial trusts under public offerings, made by the Bank through underwriting agreements (Mila, Garbarino, Accicom, CCF Créditos, Consubond, Pycred and Credial). The assets managed for these trusts are mainly related to securitizations of consumer loans. Trust securities are placed once the public offering is authorized by the CNV. Upon expiry of the placement period, once all trust securities have been placed on the market, the Bank recovers the disbursements made, plus an agreed-upon compensation (“underwriting Price”). If after making the best efforts, such trust securities cannot be placed, the Bank (“Underwriter”) will retain the securities subject to underwriting and,

 

    debt securities related to Loma Blanca Financial Trust.

According to the latest accounting information available as of the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the corpus assets of the trusts, exceed the carrying amount in the related proportions.

 

  14.2. Trusts created using financial assets transferred by the Bank

The Bank transferred financial assets (loans) to trusts for the purpose of issuing and selling securities for which collection is guaranteed by the cash flow resulting from such assets or group of assets. This way, the funds that were originally used to finance loans are recovered earlier.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, considering to the latest accounting information available the managed assets through trustees amounted to 20,818 and 30,340, respectively.

 

  14.3. Trusts as collateral for the loans granted by the Bank

As it is common in the Argentine banking market, the Bank requires, in some cases, that the debtors present certain assets or entitlements to receive assets in a trust as a guarantee for the loans granted. This way, the risk of losses is minimized and access to the security is guaranteed in case of the debtor’s noncompliance.

Trusts usually act as conduits to collect cash from the debtor’s flow of operations and send it to the bank for the payment of the debtor’s loans and thus ensure compliance with the obligations assumed by the trustor and guaranteed through the trust.

Additionally, other guarantee trusts manage specific assets, mainly real property.

Provided there is no noncompliance or delays by debtor in the obligations assumed with the beneficiary, the Trustee shall not execute the guaranty and all excess amounts as to the value of the obligations are reimbursed by the Trustee to the debtor.

As of December 31, 2014, and 2013, the managed assets amounted to 493,078 and 750,214, respectively.

 

  14.4. Normal trust activities (The Bank acts as trustee)

The Bank performs management duties in relation to the corpus assets directly according to the agreements, performing only trustee duties and has no other interests in the trust.

 

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In no case shall the Trustee be liable with its own assets or for any obligation deriving from the performance as trustee. Such obligations do not imply any type of indebtedness or commitment for the trustee and they will be fulfilled only through trust assets. In addition, the trustee will not encumber the corpus assets or dispose of them beyond the limits established in the related trust agreements. The fees earned by the Bank from its role as trustee are calculated according to the terms and conditions of the agreements.

Trusts usually manage funds derived from the activities performed by trustors for the following main purposes:

 

  (a) Guaranteeing, in favor of the beneficiary, the existence of the resources required to finance and/or pay certain obligations, such as the payment of installments regarding work or service certificates, and the payment of invoices and fees stipulated in the related agreements.

 

  (b) Promoting the production development of the private economic sector at a provincial level.

 

  (c) Being a party to public work concession agreements granting road exploitation, management, keeping and maintenance.

As of December 31, 2014, and 2013, the managed assets amounted to 933,245 and 903,501, respectively.

 

15. INFORMATION REQUIRED BY CENTRAL BANK AND CNV

 

  15.1 As mentioned in Note 2., on September 5, 2013, the CNV issued General Resolution No. 622. Considering Banco Macro S.A.’s current operations, and according to the different categories of agents established by the abovementioned Resolution, the Bank is registered with this agency as an agent for the custody of collective investment products of mutual funds (AC PIC FCI), and comprehensive clearing and settlement agent and trading agent (ALyC y AN - integral), and is in the process of registering for financial trustee (AF) and non-financial trustee (FNOF) agent categories.

Additionally, the Bank’s shareholders’ equity exceeds the minimum amount required by this regulation, amounting to 24,500, as well as the minimum required offsetting entry of 14,000, which the Bank paid-in at the end of the fiscal year with government securities as described in Note 8. and available assets in accounts opened in Central Bank.

 

  15.2 Documentation in custody

As a general policy, the Bank delivers for custody to third parties, the documentary support of its aged accounting and management operations, i.e those whose date is prior to the last fiscal year-end, except for the inventory book, in which aging is deemed to include those with a date prior to the two fiscal years ended. In compliance with CNV General Resolution No. 629 requirements, the Bank has kept (i) the inventory books for fiscal years ended through December 31, 2011 included, and (ii) certain documentation supporting the economic transactions for fiscal years ended through December 31, 2013, included, under the custody of the following companies: AdeA Administradora de Archivos S.A. (warehouse located at Ruta 36, km 31.5, Florencio Varela, Province of Buenos Aires) and ADDOC Administración de Documentos S.A. (warehouse located at Avenida Circunvalación, between Camino San Carlos and 60 cuadras, Province of Cordoba and Avenida Sargento Cayetano Beleira 410, formerly Ruta Km 8 51.2, Pilar, Province of Buenos Aires).

 

  15.3 Minimum cash requirement under Central Bank rules: the items computed by the Bank to constitute the minimum cash requirement effective for December 2014 are listed below, indicating the balances as of month-end of the related accounts:

 

Item

   12/31/2014  

Cash

  

Amounts in Central Bank accounts

     9,459,016   

Other receivables from financial intermediation

  

Special guarantee accounts with the Central Bank

     810,922   
  

 

 

 

Total

  10,269,938   
  

 

 

 

 

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  15.4 Minimum capital requirement under Central Bank rules: as the table disclosed, the minimum capital requirements measured on an consolidated basis, effective for December 2014, along with its computable capital as of the end of that month:

 

Item

   12/31/2014  

Minimum capital requirement

     5,657,902   

Computable capital

     11,580,668   
  

 

 

 

Excess amount

  5,922,766   
  

 

 

 

 

  15.5 Financial statements publication: under Communiqué “A” 760, the Central Bank prior intervention is not required for the publication of these consolidated financial statements.

 

  15.6 Breakdown of the items included in “other”:

 

     12/31/2014      12/31/2013  

15.6.1       Loans – Other

     

Other loans

     4,841,556         4,191,439   

Export financing and prefinancing

     993,677         1,015,191   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  5,835,233      5,206,630   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

15.6.2       Other receivables from financial intermediation – Other
 not covered by debtor classification standards

Certificates of participation in financial trusts (a)

  244,965      297,738   

Debt securities issued by financial trusts (a)

  168,385      424,399   

Other

  88,067      41,101   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

(a)    See also Notes 14 and 25.

  501,417      763,238   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

15.6.3       Other receivables – Other

Sundry receivables

  301,482      217,606   

Security deposits

  201,448      142,254   

Advanced prepayments

  68,853      43,053   

Tax prepayments

  5,846      2,781   

Other

  30,190      26,595   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  607,819      432,289   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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     12/31/2014      12/31/2013  

15.6.4       Other liabilities from financial intermediation – Other

     

Purchase financing payables

     1,572,472         859,146   

Other withholdings and additional withholdings

     510,108         360,913   

Miscellaneous not subject to minimum cash requirements

     465,373         272,380   

Collections and other transactions on account and behalf of others

     464,778         256,465   

Other payment orders pending settlement

     394,883         411,831   

Miscellaneous subject to minimum cash requirements

     193,427         101,059   

Sociedad Seguro de Depósitos (SEDESA) – Purchase of preferred shares of former Nuevo Banco Bisel S.A. (See Note 8.)

     90,673         87,186   

Retirement pension payment orders pending settlement

     90,091         34,336   

Other

     116,265         57,561   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  3,898,070      2,440,877   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

15.6.5       Other liabilities – Other

Taxes payable (net of prepayments)

  1,286,384      945,793   

Salaries and payroll taxes payable

  288,481      169,827   

Miscellaneous payables

  197,642      133,958   

Withholdings on salaries

  55,065      42,000   

Prepayment for the sale of assets

  3,529      4,929   

Other

  28,047      17,970   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  1,859,148      1,314,477   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

15.6.6       Memorandum accounts – Debit-balance account –
 Control – Other

Checks and securities in custody – ANSES

  55,081,889      29,197,830   

Securities in custody – Other

  14,507,997      6,124,490   

Checks and securities not yet collected

  3,406,076      2,989,649   

Managed portfolios (see Note 12.1.)

  1,030,998      655,530   

Checks and securities to be debited

  916,581      869,196   

Checks and securities to be collected

  147,135      104,765   

Other

  3,698,865      1,862,231   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  78,789,541      41,803,691   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

15.6.7       Financial Income – Interest in other loans

Personal loans

  5,128,521      3,882,780   

Other

  1,143,832      899,891   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  6,272,353      4,782,671   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

15.6.8       Financial expense – Other

Turnover tax and municipal assessments

  1,009,440      688,559   

Premiums on repurchase agreements with the financial sector

  9,249      4,612   

Other

  235      —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  1,018,924      693,171   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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     12/31/2014      12/31/2013  

15.6.9       Service-charge income – Other

     

Debit and credit card income

     1,147,739         776,726   

Rental of safe deposit boxes

     84,201         70,791   

Service commissions – Joint ventures (see Note 3.5.)

     70,304         50,078   

Other

     385,786         291,740   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  1,688,030      1,189,335   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

15.6.10     Service-charge expense – Other

Debit and credit card expenses

  526,809      360,008   

Turnover tax and municipal assessments

  215,320      163,345   

Commissions paid to lending agents

  109,555      147,475   

Other

  76,022      41,803   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  927,706      712,631   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

15.6.11     Other income – Other

Other adjustments and interest on other receivables

  39,633      20,087   

Gain on sale of bank premises and equipment, and other assets

  2,679      6,893   

Other

  71,851      50,618   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  114,163      77,598   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

15.6.12     Other expense – Other

Portfolio transactions

  51,824      5   

Donations

  21,959      18,717   

Municipal assessment

  13,656      9,133   

Turnover tax

  7,587      5,216   

Other

  105,814      42,860   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  200,840      75,931   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

16. RESTRICTION ON EARNINGS DISTRIBUTION

 

  a) According to Central Bank regulations, 20% of income for the year plus/minus prior-year adjustments and less accumulated losses as for the prior year-end, if any, should be allocated to the Legal Reserve. Consequently, the Shareholders’ Meeting held on April 23, 2015, decided to apply 695,907 out of unappropriated retained earnings to increase such legal reserve.

 

  b) As established in the issuance conditions for the instruments representing long term debt mentioned in Note 11.a.1), the Shareholders’ Meeting held on April 23, 2015, decided to appropriate 125,073 out of unappropriated retained earnings to set a special reserve for the interest to be paid upon the maturities taking place in June and December 2015.

 

  c) Under Law No. 25,063, dividends to be distributed in cash or in kind in excess of taxable income accumulated as of the end of the fiscal year immediately preceding the payment or distribution date shall be subject to a 35% income tax withholding as a single and definitive payment. For this purpose, income to be considered in each year will result from adding dividends or earnings from other corporations not computed in the calculation of those earnings in the same tax period(s) to the earnings determined under application of Income Tax Law, and deducting the tax paid for the tax period(s) in which the earnings, or the related proportional amount, being distributed were generated.

 

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Additionally, from the amendments introduced by Law No. 26,893, distributions of dividends (except for shares) to individuals resident of Argentina or foreign individuals or legal entities shall be subject to a 10% income tax.

 

  d) As established by CNV General Resolution No. 593, the Shareholders’ Meeting considering financial statements with retained earnings should specifically decide how they will be used.

 

  e) Through Communiqué “A” 5485 as supplemented, the Central Bank establishes the general procedure to distribute earnings. According to that procedure, earnings may only be distributed with the Central Bank express authorization, provided there are no records of financial assistance from the Central Bank due to illiquidity or shortages in payments of minimum capital or minimum cash requirement deficiencies or there are no sanctions imposed by UIF (Financial Information Unit), weighted to be significant, among other previous conditions listed in the abovementioned communiqué.

Therefore, earnings may only be distributed to the extent that income was booked, after deducting, on a nonaccounting basis, from unappropriated retained earnings and the voluntary reserve for future distribution of earnings, the amounts of the legal and statutory reserves which are mandatory, the positive net difference between the book value and market value or present value reported by the Central Bank, as the case may be, of government debt securities and/or monetary regulation instruments issued by the Central Bank not valued at market value, the effects of administrative and/or disciplinary sanctions and criminal penalties in trial court as describe in Note 20., among other items.

As of December 31, 2014 and, as mentioned in the previous paragraph, it is required to make an adjustment in “Unappropriated retained earnings”, for an amount of 11,376 pursuant to administrative and/or disciplinary sanctions and criminal penalties.

Lastly, the maximum amount to be distributed cannot exceed the excess payments of the required minimum capital considering, solely for this purpose (i) an 75% incremental adjustment to the total requirements, (ii) 100% of the additional capital requirement, established by Communiqué “A” 5694 for financial institution with domestic systemically important banks (D-SIBs), deducting the abovementioned adjustment, among others.

On April 23, 2015, the Regular and Special General Shareholders’ Meeting of Banco Macro S.A. approved, among other issues, (i) the distribution of cash dividends for an amount up to 596,254, subject to prior express authorization of the Central Bank, (ii) the compensation paid to the Directors amounting to 143,930 and (iii) the write off of payments made on behalf of shareholders for their personal assets tax for an amount of 27,903.

 

17. TAX AND OTHER CLAIMS

 

  17.1. The AFIP (Federal Public Revenue Agency) and provincial tax authorities have reviewed the tax returns filed by the Bank related to income tax, minimum presumed income tax and other taxes (mainly turnover tax) for the fiscal years prior to 2005.

The most significant ongoing claims arising from the previous paragraph are detailed below:

 

  a) AFIP challenged the income tax returns filed by the former Banco Bansud S.A. (for the fiscal years since June 30, 1995, through June 30, 1999, and of the irregular six-month period ended December 31, 1999) and by the former Banco Macro S.A. (for the fiscal years ended since December 31, 1998, through December 31, 2000).

The matter under discussion that has not been resolved as yet and on which the regulatory agency bases its position is the impossibility of deducting credits that have collateral security, an issue that has been addressed by the Federal Administrative Tax Court and the Argentine Supreme Court in similar cases, which have issued resolutions that are favorable to the Bank’s position.

 

  b) City of Buenos Aires tax authorities attributed a turnover tax difference to Banco Macro S.A. for fiscal period 2002, in relation to the treatment of the compensation bond, over which a precautionary measure was issued in 2009 in favor of the Bank.

 

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  c) City of Buenos Aires tax authorities attributed a turnover tax difference to former Banco Privado de Inversiones for fiscal periods 2002 and 2003. In February 2009, a complaint was filed to challenge the assessment with the Federal Administrative Tax Court, which is pending proceedings. City of Buenos Aires government filed an action for payment and secured a provisional attachment in the amount of 827 (see Note 8.).

Additionally, there are other appeals filed with the Tax Court, which are not relevant.

 

  17.2. Moreover, as a result of a lawsuit filed in 2007 by consumers’ association “ADECUA” claiming about various aspects related to the collection of the “life insurance” charge for products marketed by former Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A., on November 29, 2010, the parties reached a settlement agreement, approved by the Federal Commercial Court in and for the City of Buenos Aires No. 3, clerk’s office No. 5, and complied with by the Bank.

However, on March 22, 2013, the judge hearing the case ordered to adjust the performance of the agreement, as regards the reimbursement of the funds to the customers from whom the charge had been collected, a resolution which was appealed by the Bank.

On April 24, 2014, the Court of Appeals dismissed the appeals filed and changed what was resolved in First Instance, ordered the Agreement nullity, to continue with the proceeding and to allow the Bank to answer the complaint. Such resolution was appealed by the Bank.

Additionally, there are other claims filed by consumers’ associations against the Bank.

The Bank’s Management and its tax and legal advisors believe there are no additional significant effects to those already recognized in the books that may result from the final outcome of such claims.

 

18. RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES

Within the framework of the Corporate Governance policy, the Board of Directors of the Bank resolved the creation of a Risk Management Committee, the duties of which include ensuring that an independent risk management be established, coordinating the management of the various types of risks and the respective persons in charge.

In this regard, the coordination of the Committee includes the heads of financial risk, credit risk and operational risk, which are in charge of implementing the guidelines contained in the Risk Management framework policy.

The Risk Management framework policy establishes the environment for the risk management process under the notions of risk identification, measurement, monitoring and mitigation. In addition, it lays out the duties of each organizational level in the process.

The risk management process includes the establishment of the exposure limits for each risk by the Board of Directors, a follow-up on the exposure to each limit by the persons in charge, the preparation of regular reports for the Risk Management Committee, a follow-up on the alerts and the implementation of action plans regarding the alerts and the guidelines for developing stress tests.

Additionally, the system is supplemented with policies and procedures specific to each risk (financial, credit, operational, counterparty credit, country risk, securitization, reputational, compliance, strategic risks, among others).

Stress tests

The process of stress test includes documenting and formalizing the program as well as the persons in charge of carrying it out, the frequency of testing and the validation of the system. It also contemplates the Contingency Plan based on the test results. The Risk Management Committee leads and coordinates this application.

 

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Economic capital calculation

Economic capital is the estimated amount of unexpected losses identified for each one of the individual risks (market, liquidity, interest rate, credit, counterparty credit, concentration, operational, securitization, strategic and reputational) determined for the Bank on a consolidated basis. The methods used for subsidiaries are exactly the same.

Since January 2014, quantified economic capital was implemented as a formal procedure, both currently and prospectively, and is a tool used in the day-to-day management of risks, in preparing the Business Plan and the Stress Tests.

The methods used to measure the economic capital of each risk were documented and approved by Management, pursuant to the internal rules on Corporate Governance and Risk Management.

The most significant risks managed by the Bank are disclosed as follows:

Financial risk

Financial risk is understood to be the group comprising Liquidity, Market and Interest Rate risks, which, independently or in an interrelated manner, can affect the Bank’s liquidity and solvency.

Definitions

Liquidity Risk is mainly understood to be the funding liquidity risk, defined as that in which Grupo Macro is unable to efficiently meet cash flows that are both expected and unexpected, current and noncurrent and with guarantees, without hindering daily operations or the financial situation. Market Liquidity Risk is understood to be the risk that the Bank may not be able to offset or unwind a position at market price.

Market Risk is defined as the possibility of incurring losses in on-and off-balance sheet positions as a result of adverse fluctuations in the market price for various assets.

Interest Rate Risk is defined as the possibility that there may be changes in the Bank’s financial situation as a result of fluctuations in the interest rates, which may have adverse effects on the Bank’s net financial income and financial value.

Process

The Bank has strategies, policies and limits defined for each exposure which have been approved by the Board of Directors within the framework of Market, Liquidity and Interest Rate Risk management. These are also applicable to the subsidiaries in a consolidated framework. This process is reviewed periodically by the Risk Management Committee in accordance with Central Bank guidelines for Financial Institutions Risk Management and the adjustments or amendments approved by the Board of Directors.

The purpose of the Financial Risk Policy is to ensure that the Risk Management Committee and Senior Management have the proper procedures, tools and information enabling them to measure, manage and control the applicable risks.

The Risk heads will report regularly, to the Assets and Liabilities (CAP) and the Risk Management Committees on the financial risk exposure and the effects that may be caused in the Bank’s financial margin. A set of predetermined reports is prepared enabling a clear comparison between the existing exposure and the policy on limits.

The CAP is in charge of setting out the Bank’s financial strategy, analyzing the markets and establishing the policies on assets and liabilities, considering, market, liquidity, interest rate and currency risks.

The Financial Risk area uses the following instruments in preparing its reports: sensitivity analysis, stress tests, index curves and other simulations. The adoption of measures regarding the detected departures based on the information provided is left to Senior Management’s discretion, for which it must take into consideration several factors such as the market conditions or the complexity and variety of transactions, considering the defined action plans. The Risk Management Committee learns about these situations and the plans implemented, analyzing the impact on risk exposure. As a result, it may require an explanation about the case from Senior Management or, based on its survey, recommend adjustments to the policies, procedures and limits to the Board of Directors.

 

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The goal set by the Board of Directors is to maintain an adequate degree of liquidity through the prudent management of assets and liabilities, in regard to both the cash flow as well as the concentration thereof.

The administration of liquidity is supported by an adequate planning process that considers the current and future cash needs, as well as possible changes in economic, political, regulatory and other conditions.

This makes it necessary to identify forecast and possible cash outflows, as well as alternative strategies to handle assets and liabilities in critical situations.

The reports prepared contemplate the following aspects: changes in yield curves; a mismatch of assets and liabilities in relation to currency, rates, terms and based on their volatility and speed of realization; changes, rates and volatility of term deposits, and the participation of institutional investors; liquidity and interest rate risk; established limits and issuance of warnings.

The Bank evaluates the Liquidity Risk situation through different tools, some of which include:

 

    Cash Flow at Risk (CFAR): it is calculated as the difference between the liquidity gap, obtained in the average or expected scenario and that resulting from the critical scenario. The liquidity average scenario is obtained from the arithmetic mean of simulated liquidity scenarios, while the critical scenario is obtained by applying the percentile related to that confidence level for that set of simulation;

 

    stress tests: they are used to quantify the impact as a result of illiquidity scenarios arising from different shocks in the risk factors involved;

 

    Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR): this indicator shows the liquidity coverage over the outflows of funds within the next 30 days. Through different weightings factors established by Basel, the indicator is able to capture those outflows in systemic stress situations.

Market Risk is measured by computing the VAR (value at risk), which consists in the maximum expected loss for a trading portfolio over a certain period of time and with a 99% confidence level.

As to the interest rate risk, Economic Value methodology (EVM), is used to measure the risk of sensitive assets and liabilities to interest rate. Through stochastic processes, different interest rate scenarios are estimated, for which different Bank’s economic values will be obtained. VaR is the difference between the expected economic value (“mean value”) and the economic value for a specific confidence level and holding period as a result of simulations.

There are Contingency Plans which are assessed and reviewed on a regular basis by the Risk Management Committee.

Credit risk

Credit risk results from the possibility of loss derived from customers or counter-parties from fully or partially breaching financial obligations they have undertaken with the Bank.

The Bank has counter-party and credit risk policies and strategies the purpose of which is to ensure that risks fall within a risk tolerance level decided by the Board of Directors and Central Bank and other oversight agency regulations.

The Credit Risk Department is in charge of managing credit risk, which involves identifying, evaluating, monitoring, controlling and mitigating it in all the stages of the credit cycle, from the analysis prior to granting credit through maturity or even during the credit recovery phase, if necessary.

It has the proper structure, procedures and different tools (information systems, rating and monitoring systems, measurement models, recovery policies) which enable it to handle risk effectively.

For loan granting, there are specific policies and procedures for Corporate Banking clients and Consumer Banking clients, which in turn differ, according to the segment to which they belong (Public or Private Payroll, Retirees or Open Market).

Credit risk assessment for Consumer Banking clients includes the use of risk applications based on screening and scoring methods related to an arrears level. There is also a mass-scale and centralized qualification process for clients (which allows branches to provide assistance within defined margins) and credit prequalification models for assessment of potential customers from different sales campaigns.

 

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Loans to Corporate Banking clients are analyzed in Credit Committee, which are made up of business and risk area officers from different levels, with powers to operate within them. Specialized risk analysts prepare a risk report per client (or group of companies), which serves to support the credit decisions made by Committee members. There are also decentralized assessment methods for Agro, SMEs and Microprojects, including screening and scoring parameters, which allow speeding up the approval of predefined products and smaller amounts. In order to authorize transactions involving lower amounts or self-liquidating collaterals, or temporary transactions, special credit powers have been granted to higher-rank officers based on their knowledge, experience and training.

Once the credit limits have been approved, the Credit Administration and Transactions Department controls the formalities and settlement of the transactions and every month it reviews the classification of debtors and the debtors’ guarantees, assessing the sufficiency of the provisions according to the standards established by the Central Bank.

The Bank has a Management Information System according to the magnitude of its operations. Its component include an automated tool for the calculation of key performance indicators, for which alert and limit values have been determined in order to monitor business changes according to the risk appetite defined by the Board of Directors. The results produced by this tool are included in a report on the credit risk tolerance limits, which is submitted to the Risk Management Committee for its consideration and to adopt corrective measures where necessary.

Other credit risk management tools used are the evaluation or score models (for admission, behavior and collections), which are used at different stages of the credit cycle, attributing an internal risk rating to customers, according to which the assigned credit limits are managed and according to which the portfolio is monitored.

Those tools are complemented with expected losses, forecast and capital adequacy assessment models, which, with different development and implementation stages, form part of the Banco Macro Action Plan being undertaken to adjust to local regulations (Communiqués “A” 5394 and “A” 5398), the Basel principles and best practices for risk management.

The Credit Risk Management Department is in charge of designing the company rating and individuals scoring models, the calculation of expected losses and economic capital and stress tests. It is also involved in designing the decision engines to approve the abovementioned credit ratings on a mass scale and/or in a decentralized manner, and in generating the credit risk monitoring indicators.

In turn, the Credit recovery Management Department is in charge of managing the recovery of nonperforming loans, aiming at integrating these actions into the other risk instances, which increases the efficacy of collection processes and provides information on recovery management results, so as to adjust the origination and expected loss models.

Securitization risk

The Bank and its subsidiaries do not assume any significant risks involving securitization activities. This operation consists mainly in financing, such as prepayments of prices and underwriting in the placement of debt securities of Corporate Banking customers, loans to trusts which are given the same treatment as legal entities and potentially securitizing the proprietary portfolio.

Holding debt securities or certificates of participation in trust generally creates exposure related mainly to credit risk and interest rate risk, just as in a traditional credit transaction. Therefore, they are included in the assessment and administration of each one of the risks involved.

Operational risk

The Bank adopted the definition of Operational risk under the Basel II Accord and the definition established by the Central Bank through its Communiqué “A” 5398, which consists in the risk of suffering losses due to the lack of adjustment or defects in the internal processes, systems or persons, or due to external events.

This definition includes legal risk but excludes strategic and reputation risk.

 

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The Bank has policies, procedures and structures, appointing a Head of Operational Risk. The Operational Risk Committee’s main mission is to secure an Operational Risk Management plan which includes policies, programs, measurements and competencies for identifying, assessing and managing risks, with the purpose of assisting Area Managers and the Bank’s Board of Directors, in an environment of rapidly changing and significant risks.

In this context, the Evolutionary Comprehensive Operational Risk Management Model was developed, which involves the identification, measurement, management and monitoring of operational risks. A training plan was designed to begin conveying the concepts inherent to Operational Risk and the cultural change that this generates, and an implementation plan of the model was put into practice to achieve full implementation of all of its stages.

A quantitative approach is used to measure operational risk and technological risk, which includes the following:

 

    assessing all relevant processes;

 

    integrating the operational and technological risk assessment models;

 

    applying risk impact and frequency evaluation matrices for the assessment of processes and subprocesses;

 

    the quantitative assessment of the risks, identifying action plans and proposals for improving the critical processes, all in full compliance with the objectives set forth;

 

    the procedure to gather information on events and losses, the purpose of which is to reduce incidents and loss amounts, thus incorporating a quantitative assessment into the risk management model, by registering risk events and losses in a centralized database;

 

    the IT tool put into practice to manage operational risk, used to manage identified risks and calculate the different indicators so as to have an information system providing an overall view of the results of the different practices and tools involved in operational risk management; and

 

    the methodology through which the IT areas identify, assess and control the risks related to the Bank’s information assets and to specific events, creating information that is later taken into account in decision-making processes.

As regards Risk Management related to the IT and information systems, the Bank has contingency and business continuity plans in place to minimize the risks that could affect the Bank’s continuity of operations.

The Bank has an incentives system to manage operational risk in such a way that it would encourage involvement and risk assessment. The risk assessment policy has also been reinforced for new products and in modifications to existing products.

In addition, the implementation of improvements on the different functions of the risk management system also continued.

 

19. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TRANSPARENCY POLICY

As a financial institution, Banco Macro S.A.’s business activity is governed by Financial Institutions Law No. 21,526, as supplemented, and the regulations issued by the Central Bank. Moreover, the Bank adheres to the good banking practices laid out in Central Bank Communiqué “A” 5201 (Guidelines for Corporate Governance in Financial Institutions) as supplemented.

The Bank publicly trades its shares on the BCBA and, thus, it is subject to the regulations issued by the CNV.

 

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Through General Resolution No. 622/13, the CNV established the minimum contents of the Corporate Governance Code, adding notions of good corporate governance to corporate management as guidelines or recommendations that seek to provide transparency thereto. The CNV does not require that the recommendations be implemented, although it does require that the Bank explain the reasons why it decided not to adopt the good practices described in such resolution by publishing a document called Information Report on Corporate Governance together with the letter to the shareholders for the fiscal year; the report is available on the website and that of such enforcement agency.

This regulation reinforces the notions contained in Capital Markets Law establishing principles such as “full disclosure”, “transparency”, “efficiency”, “public investor protection”, “equal footing between investors” and “protection of the stability of financial institutions and financial intermediaries”.

Moreover, as the Bank lists its shares on the NYSE, qualifying as a foreign private issuer, it is required to comply with certain corporate governance standards as established in section 303A of the NYSE’s Listed Company Manual, as amended.

The main guidelines under Communiqué “A” 5293 as supplemented are as follows:

 

    Board of Directors, Senior Management and Committees

The Bank’s Board of Directors is made up of eleven members. Members are renewed by thirds and the appointed Directors remain in office for three fiscal years. Directors are appointed by the Shareholders’ Meeting.

Four directors are independent, according to the guidelines set by CNV and the Central Bank regulations.

Directors should be morally suitable, experienced and knowledgeable in the banking business and meet the requirements established in the effective regulations.

Compliance with these requirements is assessed when the Shareholders’ Meeting appoints the directors and on a regular basis during their term of office.

In this regard, through its CREFI (Creation, Operation and Expansion of Financial Institutions) circulars, the Central Bank establishes the assessment criteria used for granting the authorization to the directors appointed by the Shareholders’ Meeting.

The Board of Directors delegates the usual affairs related to management and corporate activities to an Executive Committee with the assignment of specific duties as defined in the Bank’s bylaws.

In relation to Senior Management and Committees, see next paragraph Organizational structure.

 

    Ownership structure

As of December 31, 2014, without considering the effect of capital stock decrease, as mentioned in Note 10., the Bank’s shareholders are:

 

Full name / Corporate name

   Percentage
of capital
stock
     Percentage
of votes
 

Brito Jorge Horacio

     19.43         21.42   

Carballo Delfín Jorge Ezequiel

     18.79         20.53   

ANSES FGS under Law No. 26,425

     30.97         28.80   

Grouped shareholders (Argentine stock exchanges)

     8.30         8.32   

Grouped shareholders (foreign stock exchanges)

     22.51         20.93   

 

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    Organizational structure

Senior management

Two deputy general managers report to the Executive Committee; one is in charge of the commercial areas and the other is in charge of the operating areas. Thirteen-line managers report to them. Additionally, the Bank has ten staff areas reporting directly to the Executive Committee.

 

Committee

  

Roles

Audit Committee    They are established in Capital Markets Law as supplemented.
Internal Audit Committee    Overseeing the proper operation of the internal control systems defined at the Bank through a periodic assessment thereof and contributing to improving the effectiveness of internal controls.
Risk Management Committee    It is in charge of monitoring Senior Management’s activities involving the management of credit, market, liquidity, operational, compliance and reputation risks, among others. It advises the Board of Directors on the Bank’s risks.
Assets and Liabilities Committee    Setting out the Bank’s financial strategy, analyzing the markets and establishing the policies on assets and liabilities, management of market, liquidity, interest rate and currency risks.
IT Committee    Overseeing the proper operation of the information technology environment and contributing to improving the effectiveness thereof.
Receivables Committee    Approving credit transactions based on credit capacity.
Legal Recovery department    Incumbent in defining payment arrangements exceeding the predetermined parameters, as well as reclassifying portfolio to be subject to legal proceedings or accounting retirements.
Personnel Incentives Committee    Ensuring the financial incentives for personnel system is consistent with the culture, the objectives, the business in the long term, the strategy and the control environment of the Bank.
Ethics and Compliance Committee    Ensuring the Bank has the proper means with which to promote correct decision-making and compliance with internal and external regulations.
Corporate Governance and Appointments Committee    The Committee’s duties include those related to the process of renewing and replacing Senior Management members and the succession plans. It is also in charge of applying the Corporate Governance Code at the Bank and at its subsidiaries.
Anti-money Laundering Committee    Planning and coordinating compliance with the policies established by the Board of Directors on the matter.

Branches

The Bank has a broad network of branches (404) throughout Argentina.

Subsidiaries

The Bank carries out certain transactions through its subsidiaries, which are identified in Note 4.1. (see also Note 9.).

Business lines

The Bank’s business lines and transactions with trusts are mentioned in Notes 1. and 14., respectively.

 

    Incentive practices

The Bank has a personnel incentives system based on the identification of officers’ “outstanding performance”, which is understood to be their contribution in connection with the obtained results and their manner of conducting management.

 

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The Incentives Committee is in charge of ensuring for the financial incentives for personnel system to be consistent with the culture, the objectives, the business in the long term, the strategy and the control environment of the Bank, and the prudent assumption of risks. The Incentives Committee is the body responsible for approving the Compensation Policy (salary and variable incentives), as well as any reviews it may require.

The Incentives System in place is based on assessing personal competence and performance associated with the compliance of non-related organizational objectives to be compensated based on extraordinary profit targets or direct financial achievement. The system is also adjusted according to the objective premise of generating sustained revenues (on a sustainable basis), thus, when establishing the total amount of compensation with regard to income (loss) for the year, extraordinary income is not taken into account. The system only provides cash compensation.

The Compensation Policy also includes a specific chapter regarding how remuneration is set and adjusted. In this case, the idea is to compensate personnel by ensuring performance recognition, internal equity, external competitiveness, productivity, efficiency and added value, finding an appropriate point of equilibrium with the business’s economic capacity and consistency in the long term.

The following aspects are taken into consideration:

 

    the complexity of the positions, their contribution to the organization’s strategy and the professional development attained by the employee;

 

    employees with enhanced performance in achieving their objectives and assuming greater responsibilities; and

 

    levels of remuneration that are competitive in comparison to market levels.

 

    Codes of ethics and conduct

The Bank adheres to the best practices and requires that all its employees act according to the highest standards of personal and professional integrity in all aspects of their activities.

In addition, compliance with its Code of Conduct and other policies and procedures governing employee conduct is considered to be essential. Moreover, the Code of Ethics for directors and officers is supplemental to the Bank’s Code of Conduct.

 

    Role of financial agent

The Bank is a financial agent for the Provinces of Misiones, Salta and Jujuy. In addition, the subsidiary Banco del Tucumán S.A. is a financial agent for the Province of Tucumán and the Municipality of San Miguel de Tucumán. See also Notes 3.1. through 3.4.

 

    Transactions with related parties – Policy on conflict of interest

As an authorized financial institution, Banco Macro S.A. complies with the provisions and reporting requirements established in Financial and Foreign Exchange Institutions Law No. 21,526 and the regulations issued by the regulatory agency (Central Bank).

As established by the legislation (Argentine Business Associations Law No. 19,550), specific applicable regulations (Capital Markets Law as supplemented), professional accounting standards (TR No. 21) and best practice recommendations, the Bank reports on the transactions with related parties in notes to the financial statements. Such transactions are carried out under usual market conditions. See also Note 9.

Under current Argentine legislation, directors are required to perform their duties with the loyalty and diligence of a prudent business man. Directors are jointly and severally liable before the Bank, the shareholders and third parties for a poor performance of duties and infringements to the law, bylaws and regulations, as the case may be, and are responsible for repairing the damages caused by fraud, abuse of authority or negligence.

 

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The loyal duties of a director are considered to include: (i) the ban from using corporate assets and the confidential information to which he/she may have access for personal purposes; (ii) the ban from taking advantage or, due to errors or omissions, allowing a third party to take advantage of the Bank’s business opportunities, (iii) the obligation of acting as director only for the purposes established in the law, the Bank’s bylaws or the intention of the shareholders or the Board of Directors; and (iv) the obligation of taking extreme care so that the acts conducted by the Board of Directors have no direct or indirect effects against the Bank’s interest.

A director should notify the Board of Directors and the Audit Committee about any conflict of interest there may be in a transaction proposal and should refrain from voting on the matter.

 

    Public information

The information related to corporate governance at the Bank is included within the transparency policy contained in such precepts and, hence, is available to interested members of the public on the website www.macro.com.ar (“Conocenos” – Relaciones con Inversores) and, additionally, some guidelines are disclosed in other notes and exhibits to these financial statements. Moreover, the Bank’s public information is disclosed on the websites of the Central Bank (www.bcra.gob.ar) and the CNV (www.cnv.gob.ar).

 

20. SUMMARY JUDGEMENTS AND SANCTIONS APPLIED BY CERTAIN REGULATORS AGAINST BANCO MACRO S.A AND BANCO DEL TUCUMÁN S.A.

The Central Bank Communiqué “A” 5689 requires banks to disclose in their financial statements certain information regarding summaries and sanctions received from certain regulators, regardless of the amounts involved and the final conclusions of each cause. The information required for Banco Macro S.A. and Banco del Tucumán S.A. as of December 31, 2014 is disclosed below:

 

  20.1. Summary Judgment initiated by the Central Bank:

 

Date & No. of
Summary

  

Reason

  

Responsible

  

Status

06/24/2008 Criminal Foreign Exchange Regime Summary No. 3078.    Supposed infraction of article No. 8 of the Criminal Foreign Exchange Law (“CFEL”), for irregularities in exchange operations of US dollars (sale) of financial intermediation as provided by Central Bank Communiqué “B” 7174.    Banco del Tucumán S.A., manager and those in charge of Operations, Treasurer, Cashiers. (1)    On 12/29/2011, the Federal court No. 1 of Tucumán decided to declare criminal action by prescription, in order to facts. On 02/01/2014, this resolution was appealed by the Federal Prosecutor No. 1 of Tucumán. On 07/31/2014 the Court of Appeals confirmed such resolution and subsequently, the cause was remitted to the Criminal Appeals Court, Panel I, as a result of the Prosecutor appeal. As of the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statement, the Bank has not been notified of the final filing.
04/14/2011 Criminal Foreign Exchange Regime Summary N° 4674.    Supposed infraction of article No. 1 incs. e) and f) and No. 2 inc f) of CFEL, in an exchange operation transaction with a suspended customer with no Central Bank authorization.    Banco Macro S.A., as the follow-on of Nuevo Banco Bisel S.A. and Branch Manager. (2)    The Central Bank raised the summary to the Criminal Office of the Federal Court No. 3 of the Judicial Department in Córdoba.

 

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Date & No. of
Summary

  

Reason

  

Responsible

  

Status

03/11/2013 Financial Summary No. 1380.    Supposed excess in the assets used for guarantee purpose which should have been used for related statutory operation ratios; failure to fulfill with the limitations of deposits increase, lack of veracity in book records, neglect to present the corresponding accounting disclosure of such excess and failures according to Central Bank requirements.    Former Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A., Directors, Statutory Audit Committee and Corporate Service Manager. (3)    In process at the Central Bank.
01/07/2014 Criminal Foreign Exchange Regime Summary N0. 5645.    Supposed infraction of article No. 1 incs. e) and f) y No. 2 inc f) of the CFEL, for foreign exchange transactions with no Central Bank authorization.    Banco Macro S.A., and Responsible for Foreign Trade and Foreign Exchange. (4)    In process at the Central Bank.

 

(1) Francisco Carlos Bustamante, Juan Ramón Lemoine, Héctor Gaspar Taranto, Héctor Arnaldo Brito, Ana Carolina De Genova Palomar, Jorge Marcelo Albertinetti, Sergio Fabián Intile, Lorena Natalia Frías and Carla Andrea Rocha.
(2) Mariano Raúl Misino and Roberto David Luna.
(3) Alejandro Manuel Estrada, Raúl Fernández, Alejandro Carlos Estrada, Eduardo Guillermo Castro, Jorge Norberto Cerrotta, Armando Rogelio Pomar and Carlos Soulé.
(4) Susana Lerman, José Luis Vejo, Jorge Francisco Scarinci and Horacio Ricardo Javier Sistac.

 

  20.2. Sanctions imposed by the Central Bank:

 

Date & No. of Summary

  

Reason

  

Responsible

  

Status

04/10/2008 Financial summary No. 1227   

Supposed infraction of Communiqué “A” 2241; CREFI-2; Chapter IV, Section 4, point 4.1. and 4.2., involving two capital contributions to its subsidiary Sudbank and Trust Company Ltd (currently Macro Bank limited) with no previous Central Bank authorization.

 

Original sanction amount: 2,625

 

Current sanction amount: 1,400

   Banco Macro S.A. Directors. (1)    On 11/05/2013 the fine was debited from Banco Macro’s account 00285 at the Central Bank. On 11/20/2013 a direct appeal was filed against Resolution No. 723 issued by SEFyC (Argentine regulatory agency of financial and foreign exchange institutions), on 10/10/2013, representing the Bank and the natural persons subject to the summary proceeding, to the Federal Court of Appeals in Contentious and Administrative Matters in the City of Buenos Aires (CNACAF). As a result of the appeal filed, on 04/14/2015, the Bank was notified about the resolution that reduced the fine. The bank is currently analyzing the steps to be taken.

 

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Date & No. of Summary

  

Reason

  

Responsible

  

Status

09/07/2012 Financial summary No. 1349   

Supposed infraction of Central Bank Communiqués “A” 3054, OPRAC 1-476, Exhibit, Section 2, point 2.1 and Section 3, point 3.1.2.; and “A” 4798, OPRAC 1-613, Exhibit; Section 4, point 4.1., regulations related to financing to the non-financial public sector, for the acquisition of guarantee loans with no Central Bank authorization.

 

Sanction amount: 1,440

   Banco del Tucumán S.A., and Directors (2)    On 03/12/2014 the Central Bank passed Sentence No. 149/14 imposing the fine. On 03/19/2014 the fine was debited from the Bank’s account 00060 at the Central Bank. On 04/08/2014, a direct appeal was filed against the Resolution issued by SEFyC, representing the Bank and the natural persons subject to the summary proceeding to the CNACAF, which confirmed the Sentence No. 149/14. On 11/14/2014 an extraordinary federal appeal was filed by the arbitrariness of the judgment of the CNACAF.
08/01/2013 Summary No. 1394    Supposed failure of Communiqué “A” 3700. CREFI 2-36, Exhibit, Item I, Sub-item 5.2. For presenting out of term the corresponding documentation regarding the appointment of authorities.    Banco Macro S.A. and Chairman. (3)    On 12/02/2014 the Central Bank passed Sentence No. 828, imposing the sanction to those responsible. On 02/02/2015 the Bank rejected the resolution and presented an appeal to revoke the sentence at the Central Bank.
08/14/2013 Financial Summary No. 1401.   

Supposed failure of financing to the non-financial public sector, for temporary overdrafts through checking accounts of the Municipality of Córdoba and Reconquista.

 

Sanction amount: 2,400

   Banco Macro S.A. and Directors. (4)    On 03/02/2015 the Central Bank passed Resolution No. 183/15 imposing a sanction to the Bank, which was debited from the Bank’s account 00285 on 03/12/2015. On 03/30/2015 a direct appeal was filed against such resolution to CNACAF.

 

(1) Jorge Horacio Brito; Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo; Juan Pablo Brito Devoto; Luis Carlos Cerolini; Carlos Enrique Videla; Fernando Andrés Sansuste and Jorge Pablo Brito.
(2) Jorge Horacio Brito, Luis Carlos Cerolini, Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo, Jorge Pablo Brito, Claudio Alejandro Cerezo and Waldo Camilo López.
(3) Jorge Horacio Brito.
(4) Jorge Horacio Brito, Jorge Pablo Brito and Marcos Brito.

 

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  20.3. Sanctions imposed by UIF.

 

Date & File No.

  

Reason

  

Responsible

  

Status

01/16/2009 File No. 62/2009   

Purchase of foreign currency from April 2006 through August 2007.

 

Sanction amount: 718

   Banco Macro S.A. and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (1)    UIF. passed Resolution No. 72/2011 on 06/09/2011, imposing sanctions to those responsible. An appeal was presented at CNACAF.
06/09/2011 File No. 62/2009 (extension)   

Extension of the summary issued by Resolution 72/2011 for transaction performed from 04/03/2006 through 10/11/2006.

 

Sanction amount: 538

   Banco Macro S.A. and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (2)    UIF. passed Resolution No. 04/2014 imposing sanctions to those responsible. An appeal was presented at CNACAF.
11/23/2011 File No. 6338/2011   

Purchase of foreign currency.

 

Sanction amount: 2,136

   Banco Macro S.A., Directors and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (3)    UIF. passed Resolution No. 110/2014 imposing sanctions to those responsible. An appeal was presented at CNACAF.
11/23/2011 File No. 6420/2011   

Purchase of foreign currency.

 

Sanction amount: 822

   Banco Macro S.A., Directors and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (3)    UIF. passed Resolution No. 124/2014 imposing sanctions to those responsible. An appeal was presented at CNACAF.
11/23/2011 File No. 6406/2011   

Purchase of foreign currency.

 

Sanction amount: 677

   Banco Macro S.A., Directors and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (3)    UIF. passed Resolution No. 171/2014 imposing sanctions to those responsible. An appeal was presented at CNACAF.
11/23/2011 File No. 6407/2011   

Purchase of foreign currency.

 

Sanction amount: 802

   Banco Macro S.A., Directors and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (3)    UIF. passed Resolution No. 132/2014 imposing sanctions to those responsible. An appeal was presented at CNACAF.
12/07/2011 File No. 6405/2011   

Purchase of foreign currency.

 

Sanction amount: 1,504

   Banco Macro S.A., Directors and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (3)    UIF. passed Resolution No. 26/2014 imposing sanctions to those responsible. An appeal was presented at CNACAF.
12/07/2011 File No. 6491/2011   

Banco Suquía S.A. –Deposits in checking account.

 

Sanction amount: 791

   Banco Macro S.A., Directors and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (4)    UIF. passed Resolution No. 118/2014 imposing sanctions to those responsible. An appeal was presented at CNACAF.
12/28/2011 File No. 6612/2011   

Purchase of foreign currency.

 

Sanction amount: 688

   Banco Macro S.A., Directors and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (3)    UIF. passed Resolution No. 53/2014 imposing sanctions to those responsible. An appeal was presented at CNACAF.
12/28/2011 File No. 6614/2011   

Purchase of foreign currency.

 

Sanction amount: 843

   Banco Macro S.A., Directors and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (3)    UIF. passed Resolution No. 6/2014 imposing sanctions to those responsible. An appeal was presented at CNACAF.

 

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Date & File No.

  

Reason

  

Responsible

  

Status

06/27/2012 File No. 517/2012   

Purchase of foreign currency.

 

Sanction amount: 1,857

   Banco Macro S.A., Directors and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (5)    UIF. passed Resolution No. 500/2014 imposing sanctions to those responsible. An appeal was presented at CNACAF.

07/30/2014 File No. 248/14

(UIF note presidency 245/2016 11/26/2013)

   Alleged deficiencies in preparing certain “Reports on suspicious transactions (ROS)” due to cases of infringement detected in certain customer files.    Banco Macro S.A., Directors and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (6)    On 04/09/2015, the Bank received notice of the commencement of summary proceedings. The relevant defense arguments will be provided.

 

(1) Juan Pablo Brito Devoto and Luis Carlos Cerolini.
(2) Fernando Andrés Sansuste.
(3) Fernando Andrés Sansuste, Juan Pablo Brito Devoto and Luis Carlos Cerolini – as Compliance Officers and Directors – and Jorge Horacio Brito, Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo, Jorge Pablo Brito, Roberto Julio Eilbaum, Alejandro Macfarlane, Carlos Enrique Videla, Guillermo Eduardo Stanley and Constanza Brito –as Directors of Banco Macro S.A.
(4) Juan Pablo Brito Devoto and Luis Carlos Cerolini – as Compliance Officers and Directors- and Jorge Horacio Brito, Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo, Fernando Andrés Sansuste, Jorge Pablo Brito, Roberto Julio Eilbaum, Guillermo Eduardo Stanley and Constanza Brito – as Directors of Banco Macro S.A.
(5) Luis Carlos Cerolini – as Compliance Officer and Director - and Jorge Horacio Brito, Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo, Fernando Andrés Sansuste, Juan Pablo Brito Devoto, Jorge Pablo Brito, Roberto Julio Eilbaum, Alejandro Macfarlane, Carlos Enrique Videla, Guillermo Eduardo Stanley and Constanza Brito – as Directors of Banco Macro S.A.
(6) Jorge Horacio Brito; Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo; Juan Pablo Brito Devoto; Jorge Pablo Brito; Luis Carlos Cerolini (as Compliance Officer and Director); Alejandro Macfarlane; Carlos Enrique Videla; Guillermo Eduardo Stanley; Constanza Brito; Emanuel Antonio Alvarez Agis; Marcos Brito and Rafael Magnanini.

Although, sanctions do not involve material amount, as of the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the total amount of sanctions received, pending to be paid for been appealed or about to be appealed, amounted to 11,376, which will be booked according to Communiqué “A” 5689 of Central Bank as from January, 2015. In addition, such amount must be considered in the calculation of the earnings that can be distributed by the Bank (see Note 16.e)).

Additionally, there are pending summaries at CNV and UIF, as described below:

 

Date & Resolution No.

  

Reason

  

Responsible

09/26/2014

CNV. Resolution No. 17,529        

   Potential non-compliance with the obligation to inform a “Significant Event”.    Banco Macro S.A., Directors, Statutory Audit Committee members and person in charge of Market relations. (1)
05/10/2012

UIF. File No. 160/2012

   Purchase of foreign currency.    Banco Macro S.A., Directors and those in charge of Anti-money laundering regulation compliance. (2)

 

(1) Jorge Horacio Brito; Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo; Juan Pablo Brito Devoto, Jorge Pablo Brito; Luis Carlos Cerolini; Roberto Julio Eilbaum; Alejandro Macfarlane; Carlos Enrique Videla; Guillermo Eduardo Stanley; Constanza Brito, Daniel Hugo Violatti, Ladislao Szekely, Santiago Marcelo Maidana and Herman Fernando Aner.
(2) Jorge Horacio Brito, Delfín Jorge Ezequiel Carballo, Juan Pablo Brito Devoto, Jorge Pablo Brito, Luis Carlos Cerolini, Roberto Julio Eilbaum, Alejandro Macfarlane, Carlos Enrique Videla, Guillermo Eduardo Stanley and Constanza Brito.

The Bank Management and its legal advisors consider no further significant accounting effects than could arise from the effect of the above mentioned situations.

 

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BANCO MACRO S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

21. BALANCES IN FOREIGN CURRENCY

The balances of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are as follows:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2014      2013  

ASSETS

     

Cash

     5,804,389         5,977,591   

Government and private securities

     1,603,680         1,059,264   

Loans

     1,939,340         1,917,124   

Other receivables from financial intermediation

     449,205         833,242   

Investments in other companies

     1,217         928   

Other receivables

     85,025         80,897   

Items pending allocation

     3,286         1,015   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  9,886,142      9,870,061   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

LIABILITIES

Deposits

  4,652,287      3,759,062   

Other liabilities from financial intermediation

  1,660,830      2,150,826   

Other liabilities

  5,529      17,489   

Subordinated Corporate Bonds

  1,287,317      981,142   

Items pending allocation

  12      963   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  7,605,975      6,909,482   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

22. INTEREST-BEARING DEPOSITS WITH OTHER BANKS

“Cash” includes interest-bearing deposits in foreign banks totaling 954,817 and 594,271 as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Those interest-bearing deposits in foreign banks yielded a nominal annual interest rate of approximately 0.30% and 0.29% as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

In 2014 and 2013 the deposits with the Central Bank and other Banks did not bear any interest.

 

23. GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECURITIES

 

     As of December 31,  
     2014      2013  
GOVERNMENT SECURITIES      

Government securities at market value

     

In pesos:

     

Discount bonds at 5.83% – Maturity: 2033

     862,088         26,176   

Federal government bonds at Badlar + 2% – Maturity: 03-28-2017

     494,833         —     

Federal government bonds at Badlar + 2% – Maturity: 2016

     377,042         —     

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 3% – Maturity: 2015

     227,525         471,066   

Secured bonds under Presidential Decree 1579/02 at 2% – Maturity: 02-04-2018

     111,749         308,235   

Consolidation bonds – 7° Serie – Maturity: 01-04-2016

     87,251         3,427   

Consolidation bonds – 8° Serie

     65,085         3,381   

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 2.5% – Maturity: 2019

     38,560         —     

Consolidation bonds – 6° Serie – Maturity: 2024 at 2%

     21,636         17,663   

Consolidation bonds – 4° Serie – Maturity: 2016 at 2%

     503         662   

Other

     429         275,424   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal Government securities at market value - In pesos

  2,286,701      1,106,034   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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     As of December 31,  
     2014      2013  
GOVERNMENT SECURITIES (contd.)      

In foreign currency:

     

Treasury Bill – Maturity: 01-15-2015

     282,215         —     

Treasury Bill – Maturity: 01-08-2015

     273,664         —     

Treasury Bill – Maturity: 01-02-2015

     213,800         —     

Federal Government bonds in US dollars at 7% – Maturity: 2015

     121,453         44,193   

Federal Government bonds in US dollars at 1.75% – Maturity: 2016

     80,099         —     

Federal Government bonds in US dollars at 2.40% – Maturity: 2018

     59,796         —     

Debt Securities Class 1 - Chubut development and infrastructure bond in US dollars at 4% – Maturity: 10-21-2019

     36,636         —     

Debt Securities of Province of Neuquén Series I Class I in US dollars – Maturity: 06-12-2016

     30,766         50,566   

Federal government bonds at 7% – Maturity: 2017

     27,313         159,817   

Debt securities of Province of Entre Ríos Class I in US dollars – Maturity: 08-06-2016

     21,730         —     

Other

     35,443         657,159   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal Government securities at market value – In foreign currency

  1,182,915      911,735   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal Government securities at market value

  3,469,616      2,017,769   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Government securities at amortized cost

In pesos:

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 2.5% – Maturity: 2019

  161,937      —     

Province of Entre Ríos Treasury Bills – Maturity: 12-11-2016

  25,487      —     

Province of Chaco Treasury Bills – Maturity: 01-22-2015

  15,453      —     

Province of Tucumán bonds – 1° Serie – Maturity: 2018

  3,407      4,225   

Other

  —        98,759   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal Government securities at amortized cost – In pesos

  206,284      102,984   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

In foreign currency:

Argentine saving bond for the economy development in US dollars at 4% – Maturity: 07-27-2016

  129,184      98,437   

Province of Tucumán bonds – 2° Serie in US dollars at 9.45% – Maturity: 2015

  834      1,281   

Secured Province of Neuquén Treasury Bills Class 1 in US dollars – Maturity: 05-23-2014

  —        37,435   

Debt Securities Class 1 – Chubut development and infrastructure bond in US dollars at 4% – Maturity: 10-21-2019

  —        10,376   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal Government securities at amortized cost – In foreign currency

  130,018      147,529   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal Government securities at amortized cost

  336,302      250,513   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Instruments issued by the Central Bank of Argentina

In pesos:

Listed Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

  3,820,548      12,980   

Unlisted Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

  1,618,630      160,051   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina – In pesos

  5,439,178      173,031   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

In foreign currency:

Unlisted Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

  290,747      —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina – In foreign currency

  290,747      —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

  5,729,925      173,031   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total government securities (1)

  9,535,843      2,441,313   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
PRIVATE SECURITIES

Investments in listed private securities – Shares

In pesos:

YPF S.A.

  258,458      —     

Siderar S.A.I.C.

  154,670      1   

Aluar Aluminio Argentino S.A.I.C.

  124,724      —     

Petrolera Pampa S.A.

  99,231      —     

Telecom Argentina Stet-France Telecom S.A.

  87,378      —     

Petrobras Energía S.A.

  30,286      —     

Cresud S.A.I.C.

  9,169      —     

Molinos Río de la Plata S.A.

  8,858      —     

IRSA Inversiones y Presentación S.A.

  2,886      —     

Alto Palermo S.A. (Apsa)

  995      —     

Tenaris S.A.

  —        2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal investment in listed private securities – Shares - In pesos

  776,655      3   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Investment in listed private securities - Shares

  776,655      3   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
         
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total private securities

  776,655      3   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total government and private securities

  10,312,498      2,441,316   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, includes government securities under reverse repurchase agreements for an amount of 117,938 and 427,006, respectively, and instruments issued by Central Bank under reverse repurchase agreements for an amount of 58,582 and 124,404, respectively.

 

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     Maturing  
     Within 1
year
     After 1 year
but within
5 years
     After 5 years
but within 10
years
     After 10
years
     Without
due date
     Total  
     Book value  
GOVERNMENT SECURITIES                  

Government securities at market value

                 

In pesos:

     330,964         1,024,686         154,782         776,269         —           2,286,701   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Discount bonds at 5.83% – Maturity: 2033

  —        —        86,209      775,879      —        862,088   

Federal government bonds at Badlar + 2% – Maturity: 03-28-2017

  —        494,833      —        —        —        494,833   

Federal government bonds at Badlar + 2% – Maturity: 2016

  —        377,042      —        —        —        377,042   

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 3% – Maturity: 2015

  227,525      —        —        —        —        227,525   

Secured bonds under Presidential Decree 1579/02 at 2% – Maturity: 02-04-2018

  35,138      76,611      —        —        —        111,749   

Consolidation bonds – 7° Serie – Maturity: 01-04-2016

  65,438      21,813      —        —        —        87,251   

Consolidation bonds – 8° Serie

  —        6,509      58,576      —        —        65,085   

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 2.5% – Maturity: 2019

  —        38,560      —        —        —        38,560   

Consolidation bonds – 6° Serie – Maturity: 2024 at 2%

  2,329      9,316      9,991      —        —        21,636   

Consolidation bonds – 4° Serie – Maturity: 2016 at 2%

  501      2      —        —        —        503   

Other

  33      —        6      390      —        429   

In foreign currency:

  944,482      228,395      1      10,037      —        1,182,915   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Treasury Bill – Maturity: 01-15-2015

  282,215      —        —        —        —        282,215   

Treasury Bill – Maturity: 01-08-2015

  273,664      —        —        —        —        273,664   

Treasury Bill – Maturity: 01-02-2015

  213,800      —        —        —        —        213,800   

Federal Government bonds in US dollars at 7% – Maturity: 2015

  121,453      —        —        —        —        121,453   

Federal Government bonds in US dollars at 1.75% – Maturity: 2016

  —        80,099      —        —        —        80,099   

Federal Government bonds in US dollars at 2.40% – Maturity: 2018

  —        59,796      —        —        —        59,796   

Debt Securities Class 1 - Chubut development and infrastructure bond in US dollars at 4% – Maturity: 10-21-2019

  —        36,636      —        —        —        36,636   

Debt Securities of Province of Neuquén Series I Class I in US dollars – Maturity: 06-12-2016

  20,508      10,258      —        —        —        30,766   

Federal government bonds at 7% – Maturity: 2017

  —        27,313      —        —        —        27,313   

Debt securities of Province of Entre Ríos Class I in US dollars – Maturity: 08-06-2016

  12,258      9,472      —        —        —        21,730   

Other

  20,584      4,821      1      10,037      —        35,443   

Government securities at amortized cost

In pesos:

  16,524      189,760      —        —        —        206,284   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Federal government bonds at Badlar Private + 2.5% – Maturity: 2019

  —        161,937      —        —        —        161,937   

Province of Entre Ríos Treasury Bills – Maturity: 12-11-2016

  —        25,487      —        —        —        25,487   

Province of Chaco Treasury Bills – Maturity: 01-22-2015

  15,453      —        —        —        15,453   

Province of Tucumán bonds – 1° Serie – Maturity: 2018

  1,071      2,336      —        —        —        3,407   

Other

In foreign currency:

  834      129,184      —        —        —        130,018   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Argentine saving bond for the economy development in US dollars at 4% – Maturity: 07-27-2016

  —        129,184      —        —        —        129,184   

Province of Tucumán bonds – 2° Serie in US dollars at 9.45% – Maturity: 2015

  834      —        —        —        —        834   

 

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     Maturing  
     Within 1
year
     After 1 year
but within
5 years
     After 5 years
but within 10
years
     After 10
years
     Without
due date
     Total  
     Book value  
GOVERNMENT SECURITIES (contd.)                  

Instruments issued by the Central Bank of Argentina

     5,439,178         —           —           —           —           5,439,178   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

In pesos:

Listed Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

  3,820,548      —        —        —        —        3,820,548   

Unlisted Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

  1,618,630      —        —        —        —        1,618,630   

In foreign currency:

  290,747      —        —        —        —        290,747   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unlisted Central Bank of Argentina bills and notes (Lebacs/Nobacs)

  290,747      290,747   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total government securities

  7,022,729      1,572,025      154,783      786,306      —        9,535,843   
PRIVATE SECURITIES

Investments in listed private securities – Shares

In pesos:

  —        —        —        —        776,655      776,655   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

YPF S.A.

  —        —        —        —        258,458      258,458   

Siderar S.A.I.C.

  —        —        —        —        154,670      154,670   

Aluar Aluminio Argentino S.A.I.C.

  —        —        —        —        124,724      124,724   

Petrolera Pampa S.A.

  —        —        —        —        99,231      99,231   

Telecom Argentina Stet-France Telecom S.A.

  —        —        —        —        87,378      87,378   

Petrobras Energía S.A.

  —        —        —        —        30,286      30,286   

Cresud S.A.I.C.

  —        —        —        —        9,169      9,169   

Molinos Río de la Plata S.A.

  —        —        —        —        8,858      8,858   

IRSA Inversiones y Presentación S.A.

  —        —        —        —        2,886      2,886   

Alto Palermo S.A. (Apsa)

  —        —        —        —        995      995   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total private securities

  —        —        —        —        776,655      776,655   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total government and private securities

  7,022,729      1,572,025      154,783      786,306      776,655      10,312,498   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

24. LOANS

Description of certain categories of loans in the accompanying Balance Sheets include:

 

  a. Non-financial government sector: loans to the government sector, excluding government owned financial institutions.

 

  b. Financial sector: mainly, refers to short-term loans to financial institutions.

 

  c. Non-financial private sector and foreign residents: loans given to the private sector (excluding financial institutions) and residents outside Argentina.

 

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The classification of the loan portfolio in this regard was as follows:

 

     As of December 31,  

Description

   2014      2013  

Non-financial government sector

     604,417         640,158   

Financial sector

     213,867         364,897   

Non-financial private sector and foreign residents

     

Commercial

     

- With Senior “A” guarantees

     1,357,544         1,054,255   

- With Senior “B” guarantees

     2,901,979         2,874,422   

- Without Senior guarantees

     9,879,919         10,595,442   

Consumer

     

- With Senior “A” guarantees

     504,340         318,771   

- With Senior “B” guarantees

     2,100,410         1,618,707   

- Without Senior guarantees

     27,363,863         22,562,198   

Less: Allowance

     (1,186,044      (1,006,495
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total loans, net of allowances

  43,740,295      39,022,355   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Senior “A” guarantees consist mainly of cash guarantees, gold guarantees, warrants over primary products and other forms of self-liquidating collateral.

Senior “B” guarantees generally consist of mortgages and other forms of collateral pledged to secure the loan amount.

“Without senior guarantees” consist, in general, of unsecured third-party guarantees.

A breakdown of total loans by geographical location of borrowers is as follows:

 

Geographical location

   2014      2013  

Argentina

     44,816,064         39,946,041   

British Virgin Islands

     96,787         78,001   

Costa Rica

     8,753         —     

Uruguay

     3,515         4,413   

India

     878         16   

Spain

     158         173   

United States of America

     81         101   

Germany

     35         35   

Bolivia

     24         —     

Brazil

     22         27   

Italy

     21         14   

Romania

     1         —     

United Kingdom

     —           16   

France

     —           13   

Less: Allowance

     (1,186,044      (1,006,495
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total loans, net of allowances

  43,740,295      39,022,355   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

A breakdown of total loans by sector activity classified according to the principal business of the borrowers is as follows:

 

Economic Activity

   2014      2013  

Retail loans

     21,299,813         17,762,834   

Agricultural livestock- Forestry-Fishing- Mining - Hunting

     4,526,591         4,155,033   

Retail and consumer products

     4,036,678         3,484,567   

Foodstuff and beverages

     2,542,659         2,894,059   

Construction

     2,266,493         1,767,016   

Other services

     2,027,874         1,682,547   

Chemicals

     1,391,433         1,097,191   

Transportation, storage and communications

     1,240,657         1,299,210   

Governmental services

     1,211,314         870,545   

Manufacturing and wholesale

     1,022,551         1,247,855   

Real estate, business and leases

     770,437         739,238   

Financial Services

     632,579         828,678   

 

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Economic Activity (Contd.)

   2014      2013  

Electricity, oil, water

     178,516         164,620   

Hotels and restaurants

     166,216         184,876   

Other

     1,612,528         1,850,581   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total loans

  44,926,339      40,028,850   

Less: Allowance

  (1,186,044   (1,006,495
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total loans, net of Allowance

  43,740,295      39,022,355   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

25. OTHER RECEIVABLES AND PAYABLES FROM FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION

The breakdown of Other receivables from financial intermediation by guarantee type is as follows:

 

Description

   As of December 31,  
   2014      2013  

Without preferred guarantees

     2,584,863         2,823,611   

With preferred guarantees

     —           88,928   

Allowances

     (235,755      (232,290
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  2,349,108      2,680,249   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The breakdown of private securities recorded in Other receivables from financial intermediation is as follows:

 

Description

   As of December 31,  
   2014      2013  

Corporate bonds — Unlisted (1)

     463,816         270,690   

Certificates of participation in financial trusts — Unlisted (1)

     244,965         297,738   

Debt securities in financial trusts — Unlisted

     168,385         424,399   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total investments in unlisted private securities

  877,166      992,827   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Bank booked allowances for impairment in value amounting to 232,574 and 229,354, respectively (see also Note 28).

As of December 31, 2014, maturities for the private securities disclosed above are as follows:

 

     Within 1
year
     After 1
year but
within 5
years
     After 5 years
but within
10 years
     After 10
years
     Without
due date
    Total  

Corporate bonds —Unlisted

     133,296         330,520         —           —           —          463,816   

Certificates of participation in financial trusts —Unlisted

     8,804         2,209         —           10,121         223,831  (1)      244,965   

Debt securities in financial trusts —Unlisted

     109,281         55,329         3,775         —           —          168,385   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total investments in unlisted private securities

  251,381      388,058      3,775      10,121      223,831      877,166   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) As of December 31, 2014 the Bank booked allowances for impairment in value amounting to 223,831.

 

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The Bank enters into forward transactions related to government securities and foreign currencies. The Bank recognizes cash, security or currency amount to be exchanged in the future as a receivable and payable at the original transaction date. The assets and liabilities related to such transactions are as follows:

 

     As of December 31,  

Description

   2014      2013  

Amounts receivable from spot and forward sales pending settlement

     

Receivables from repo transactions of government securities

     163,755         576,408   

Receivable from spot sales of government and private securities pending settlement

     103,546         130,384   

Receivables from spot sales of foreign currency pending settlement

     7,922         1,800   

Receivables from forward sales of government securities pending settlement

     —           65,933   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  275,223      774,525   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Securities and foreign currency receivable from spot and forward purchases pending settlement

Spot purchases of government and private securities pending settlement

  31,867      44,025   

Spot purchases of foreign currency pending settlement

  7,919      1,799   

Forward purchases of securities under repo transactions

  —        162,950   

Other spot purchases pending settlement

  10,460      —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  50,246      208,774   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Amounts payable for spot and forward purchases pending settlement

Payables for spot purchases of government securities pending settlement

  26,122      16,593   

Payables for spot purchases of foreign currency pending settlement

  7,925      1,800   

Payables for forward purchases of securities under repo transactions

  —        185,838   

Other payables for spot purchase pending settlement

  88,419      37,711   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  122,466      241,942   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Securities and foreign currency to be delivered under spot and forward sales pending settlement

Forward sales of government securities under repo transactions

  176,662      678,949   

Spot sales of government and private securities pending settlement

  50,946      128,506   

Spot sales of foreign currency pending settlement

  7,966      —     

Forward sales of government securities pending settlement

  —        1,798   

Other forward sales pending settlement

  —        54,317   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
  235,574      863,570   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

These instruments consist of foreign currency and securities contracts (spot and forward purchases and sales), whose valuation method is disclosed in Note 4.5.g). The fair value of these instruments were:

 

     End-of-year fair value  

Description

   2014      2013  

Assets

     50,360         208,743   

Liabilities

     235,652         863,573   

Premiums on these instruments have been included in the “Financial income” and “Financial expense” captions of the consolidated statements of income of each year.

 

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26. BANK PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT AND OTHER ASSETS

 

  26.1 Premises and Equipment

The major categories of the Bank’s premises and equipment, and related accumulated depreciation are presented in the following table:

 

     As of December 31,  

Description

   Estimated
useful life
(years)
     2014      2013  

Buildings

     50         672,136         565,543   

Furniture and facilities

     10         181,672         194,085   

Machinery and equipment

     5         567,805         655,412   

Vehicles

     5         74,104         68,353   

Other

     —           —           25   

Accumulated depreciation

        (570,290      (747,755
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  925,427      735,663   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Depreciation expense was 130,678, 98,666 and 85,037 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

  26.2 Other assets

Other assets consisted of the following as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:

 

     As of December 31,  

Description

   Estimated
useful life
(years)
     2014      2013  

Works in progress (1)

     —           364,037         119,603   

Works of art

     —           1,187         1,187   

Prepayments for the purchase of assets

     —           74,925         20,195   

Foreclosed assets

     50         115,582         9,761   

Leased buildings

     50         —           605   

Stationery and office supplies

     —           28,562         12,128   

Other assets (2)

     50         236,791         215,383   

Accumulated depreciation

        (12,845      (14,192
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  808,239      364,670   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, it includes 328,365 and 87,309, respectively, related to a new corporate building tower that is being constructed by the Bank. See also Note 35.16.
(2) Mainly includes improvement to properties leased by the Bank to be used in the normal course of business.

Depreciation expense was 3,196, 3,051 and 2,065 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

  26.3. Operating Leases

As of December 31, 2014, the Bank’s branch network includes certain branches that were located in properties leased to the Bank (some of which are renewable for periods between 2 and 10 years).

 

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The estimated future lease payments in connection with these properties are as follows:

 

Fiscal year end

   Amounts  

2015

     74,537   

2016

     53,640   

2017

     33,254   

2018

     13,141   

2019

     3,301   

2020 and after

     1,089   
  

 

 

 

Total

  178,962   
  

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, rental expenses amounted to 110,875, 77,713 and 58,894, respectively. As of such dates, there are no contractual obligations with separate amounts of minimum rentals, contingent rentals, and sublease rental income.

 

27. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

 

  27.1 Goodwill:

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013 goodwill breakdown is as follows:

 

     As of December 31,  

Description

   Estimated
useful life
(years)
     2014      2013  

Goodwill for the purchase of Banco del Tucumán S.A., net of accumulated amortization of 15,811 as of December 31, 2014 (a)

     10         2,431         4,257   

Goodwill for the purchase of Nuevo Banco Bisel S.A., net of accumulated amortization of 55,585 as of December 31, 2014 (b)

     10         10,457         17,061   

Goodwill for the purchase of Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A., net of accumulated amortization of 24,357 as of December 31, 2014 (c)

     10         31,848         37,470   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  44,736      58,788   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) On May 5, 2006, Banco Macro acquired 75% of the capital stock of Banco del Tucumán S.A. in the amount of 45,961. The assets transferred amounted to 700,612 and the liabilities assumed amounted to 660,547.

 

   Additionally, from September through December 2006, Banco Macro S.A. acquired 4.84% of the capital stock of Banco del Tucumán S.A.

 

   Finally, on November 28, 2006, the General Regular and Special Shareholder’s Meeting of Banco del Tucumán S.A. approved a capital increase of 21,980, establishing an additional paid-in capital of 26,171. During January 2007, Banco Macro S.A. subscribed the total increase, thus increasing its overall interest in Banco del Tucumán S.A. to 89.93%.

 

   Under Central Bank rules, as a result of the acquisition, the Bank booked a positive goodwill amounting to 18,242, which is amortized over ten years and no impairment is required.

 

(b) On August 11, 2006, the Bank acquired 92.73% of the capital stock of Nuevo Banco Bisel S.A. in the amount of 19,509. The assets transferred amounted to 1,824,644 and the liabilities assumed amounted to 1,804,534.

 

   Under Central Bank rules, as a result of the acquisition, the Bank booked a positive goodwill amounting to 66,042, which is amortized over ten years and no impairment is required.

 

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(c) On September 22, 2010, the Bank acquired 100% of the capital stock of Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A. in the amount of USD 23.3 million, out of which, USD 10.4 million was related to an escrowed amount, as provided in the purchase agreement. The assets transferred amounted to 403,686 and the liabilities assumed amounted to 368,034.

 

   Under Central Bank rules, as a result of the acquisition, the Bank booked a positive goodwill amounting to 56,205, which is amortized over ten years and no impairment is required.

   Amortization expense on goodwill was 14,052, as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

 

  27.2. Organization and development costs:

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the organization and development costs breakdown is as follows:

 

     As of December 31,  

Description

   Estimated
useful life
(years)
     2014      2013  

Cost from information technology projects (a)

     5         290,654         224,572   

Organizational cost (b)

     5         4,195         2,566   

Other capitalized cost (c)

     5         69,565         58,053   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  364,414      285,191   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) Under Central Bank rules, the Bank records as expense software cost relating to preliminary application development and post-implementation stages of software development.
(b) Under Central Bank rules, the Bank records cost inherent to the set up and organization of the Bank.
(c) Under Central Bank rules, the Bank records cost inherent to the improvements in building leased.

Amortization expense was 122,704, 89,019 and 132,549 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, which was recorded in Administrative expenses and Other expenses.

Intangible assets changed as follows during fiscal years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

 

     Fiscal year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2012  

Balance at the beginning of the fiscal year

     343,979         288,531         319,518   

Additions

     202,029         158,519         117,978   

Decreases

     (102      —           (2,364

Amortization expense (1)

     (136,756      (103,071      (146,601
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance at the end of the fiscal year

  409,150      343,979      288,531   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) See Note 31.

 

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28. ALLOWANCES AND PROVISIONS

The Bank had recorded allowances and provisions for:

Loans: recorded in compliance with the provision of Communiqué “A” 2950, as supplemented, of the Central Bank, taking into account Note 4.5.f).

Other receivables from financial intermediation: recorded in compliance with the provision of Communication “A” 2950, as supplemented, of the Central Bank, taking into account Notes 4.5.f) and 4.5.g.3).

Receivables from financial leases: recorded in compliance with the provision of Communiqué “A” 2950, as supplemented, of the Central Bank, taking into account Note 4.5.f).

Investment in other companies: recorded to cover possible impairment risk arising from investments in other companies.

Other receivables: recorded to cover collectibility risks of other receivables.

Contingent commitments: recorded under Central Bank’s rules to cover contingent losses related to loan commitments. These amounts have been accrued in accordance with Central Bank’s rules, which are similar to FASB ASC 450 “Contingencies”.

Other loss contingencies: mainly includes labor litigation and customer and other third-party claims. The amounts have been accrued in accordance with Central Bank’s rules, which are similar to FASB ASC 450 “Contingencies”.

Difference from court deposit dollarization: recorded under Central Bank’s rules to cover the difference from court deposit dollarization (see Note 2.).

The followings are the changes in the Bank´s allowances and provisions:

 

     As of December 31, 2014  
     Balance at
the beginning
of the fiscal
year
     Increase      Reversals     Charge off     Balance at
the end of the
fiscal year
 

Allowances

            

- Loans

     1,006,495         757,445         (14,713     (563,183     1,186,044   

- Other receivables from financial intermediation

     232,290         8,495         (989     (4,041     235,755   

- Receivables from financial leases

     5,015         1,076         (694     (938     4,459   

- Investment in other companies

     1,330         306         (130     —          1,506   

- Other receivables

     6,929         1,145         (2,254     (437     5,383   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total of allowances

  1,252,059      768,467      (18,780   (568,599   1,433,147   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Provisions

- Contingent commitments

  4,806      12      (2,554   —        2,264   

- Other loss contingencies

  131,274      34,292      (2,167   (24,795   138,604   

- Difference from court deposit dollarization

  23,301      8,018      (231   (33   31,055   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total of provisions

  159,381      42,322      (4,952   (24,828   171,923   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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     As of December 31, 2013  
     Balance at
the beginning
of the fiscal
year
     Increase      Reversals     Charge off     Balance at
the end of the
fiscal year
 

Allowances

            

- Loans

     887,156         707,370         (24,606     (563,425     1,006,495   

- Other receivables from financial intermediation

     233,123         5,236         (2,831     (3,238     232,290   

- Receivables from financial leases

     6,599         912         (10     (2,486     5,015   

- Investment in other companies

     1,379         76         (125     —          1,330   

- Other receivables

     9,282         1,722         (894     (3,181     6,929   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total of allowances

  1,137,539      715,316      (28,466   (572,330   1,252,059   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Provisions

- Contingent commitments

  5      4,804      (3   —        4,806   

- Other loss contingencies

  114,566      38,364      (556   (21,100   131,274   

- Difference from court deposit dollarization

  17,112      6,632      —        (443   23,301   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total of provisions

  131,683      49,800      (559   (21,543   159,381   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     As of December 31, 2012  
     Balance at
the beginning
of the fiscal
year
     Increase      Reversals     Charge off     Balance at
the end of
the fiscal
year
 

Allowances

            

- Loans

     599,224         688,966         (24,495     (376,539     887,156   

- Other receivables from financial intermediation

     238,712         7,044         (7,529     (5,104     233,123   

- Receivables from financial leases

     5,620         1,147         (98     (70     6,599   

- Investment in other companies

     2,129         84         (834     —          1,379   

- Other receivables

     12,908         1,512         (729     (4,409     9,282   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total of allowances

  858,593      698,753      (33,685   (386,122   1,137,539   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Provisions

- Contingent commitments

  24      —        (19   —        5   

- Other loss contingencies

  98,038      39,468      (390   (22,550   114,566   

- Difference from court deposit dollarization

  14,754      2,433      —        (75   17,112   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total of provisions

  112,816      41,901      (409   (22,625   131,683   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Under Central Bank rules allowances for loan losses includes allowances for “loans”, “other receivables for financial intermediation” and “receivables from financial leases”.

 

29. DEPOSITS AND OTHER LIABILITIES FROM FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION

 

  29.1 Deposits

The aggregate amount of time deposits and investment accounts exceeding Ps.100 (thousands) or more as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 is 20,560,610 and 17,029,978, respectively.

 

  29.2. Central Bank of Argentina

The Bank borrowed funds under various credit facilities from the Central Bank for specific purposes, as follows:

 

     As of December 31, 2014     As of December 31, 2013  
     Principal      Interest and
CER
adjustments
     Rate     Principal      Interest and
CER
adjustments
     Rate  

Short–term liabilities

     10,651         95         5.09     9,543         133         5.11

Long–term liabilities

     6,210         3         8.76     12,312         6         8.82
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total

  16,861      98      21,855      139   
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

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Accrued interest is included in the “Central Bank of Argentina” under the “Other Liabilities from Financial Intermediation” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts are unsecured.

 

  29.3. International banks and institutions

The Bank borrowed funds under various credit facilities from International banks and institutions for specific purposes, as follows:

 

     As of December 31, 2014     As of December 31, 2013  
     Principal      Interest      Rate     Principal      Interest      Rate  

Short–term liabilities

     87,858         455         6.28     325,664         831         2.79
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total

  87,858      455      325,664      831   
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

Accrued interest is included in the “Accrued interest, adjustments, foreign exchange and quoted price differences payable” under the “Other Liabilities from Financial Intermediation” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts are unsecured.

 

  29.4. Financing received from Argentine financial institutions

The Bank borrowed funds under various credit facilities from the Argentine financial institutions for specific purposes, as follows:

 

     As of December 31, 2014     As of December 31, 2013  
     Principal      Interest      Rate     Principal      Interest      Rate  

Short–term liabilities

     15,311         223         5.43     4,786         7,168         5.25

Long–term liabilities

     5,178         31,075         6.74     20,373         23,230         6.66
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total

  20,489      31,298      25,159      30,398   
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

Interest includes accrued interest rate and CER adjustments. These amounts are recorded in “Accrued interest payables” under the Financing received from Argentine financial institutions and “Accrued interest, adjustments, foreign exchange and quoted price differences payables” under the “Other liabilities from financial intermediation” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Except for the liability assumed with BICE (see Note 8), amounts are unsecured.

Maturities of the long-term liabilities in the table above for each of the following periods are as follows:

 

Periods

   As of
December 31,
2014
 

2016

     15,819   

2017

     16,400   

2018

     4,034   
  

 

 

 
  36,253   
  

 

 

 

 

  29.5. Other

The rest of liabilities included in “Others liabilities from financial intermediation” are liabilities assumed for the Bank, mainly related to operating banking activities.

 

     As of December 31, 2014     As of December 31, 2013  
     Principal      Interest      Rate     Principal      Interest      Rate  

Short–term liabilities (1)

     3,807,397         7         0.00     2,352,716         19         0.01

Long–term liabilities (2)

     90,673         1,421         4.00     88,161         1,366         4.05
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total

  3,898,070      1,428      2,440,877      1,385   
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

(1) Includes mainly pending settlement transactions and payment accounts.

 

(2) Includes the liability assumed with SEDESA related to the acquisition of preferred shares of former Nuevo Banco Bisel S.A. in the amount of 90,673 and 87,186 as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively (see Note 15.6.4).

 

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Additionally, the Bank has other liabilities related to corporate bonds and forward transactions (see Notes 11 and 25, respectively).

Accrued interest is included in the “Accrued interest, adjustments, foreign exchange and quoted price differences payable” under the “Other Liabilities from Financial Intermediation” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts are unsecured.

 

30. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The Bank does not maintain pension plans for its personnel. The Bank is required to pay employer contributions, determined on the basis of total monthly payroll.

These expenses aggregated 449,962, 335,821 and 302,592 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and are included in the “Administrative expenses—Personnel expenses” account.

 

31. CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS AND BALANCE SHEET

The presentation of consolidated financial statements under Central Bank’s rules differs significantly from the format required by the U.S. SEC under Rules 9-03 and 9-04 of Regulation S-X (“Article 9”). The following consolidated financial statements were restated into constant pesos, as explained in Note 4.3. These consolidated financial statements were prepared using the measurement methods provided by Central Bank, but under US SEC requirements:

 

Consolidated Statements of Income

   2014      2013      2012  

Interest and fees on loans

     11,696,696         8,464,733         6,082,647   

Interest on bearing deposits with other banks

     127         241         185   

Interest on other receivables from financial intermediation

     260,977         168,173         60,796   

Interest on securities and foreign exchange purchased under resale agreements

     126,755         131,467         196,515   

Securities gains, net

     1,862,495         344,995         316,053   

Other interest income

     100,536         61,121         52,730   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total interest income

  14,047,586      9,170,730      6,708,926   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Interest on deposits

  5,188,797      3,109,168      2,203,766   

Interest on securities and foreign exchange purchased under resale agreements

  9,249      4,612      3,151   

Interest on short-term borrowings

  30,473      13,391      30,135   

Interest on long-term debt

  193,554      138,002      109,161   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total interest expense

  5,422,073      3,265,173      2,346,213   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net interest income

  8,625,513      5,905,557      4,362,713   

Provision for loan losses, net (2)

  (546,651   (435,556   (525,341
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

  8,078,862      5,470,001      3,837,372   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Service charges on deposit accounts and other fees

  2,798,967      2,022,656      1,571,838   

Credit-card service charges and fees

  1,004,636      677,716      477,325   

Other commissions

  93,768      76,563      68,039   

Foreign currency exchange trading income

  67,123      44,464      38,660   

Income from equity in other companies

  85,310      49,634      45,841   

Foreign exchange, net

  827,599      808,144      386,989   

Other

  611,690      453,225      339,298   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-interest income

  5,489,093      4,132,402      2,927,990   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Commissions

  288,053      205,176      153,194   

Salaries and payroll taxes

  3,180,761      2,344,369      1,838,709   

Outside consultants and services

  176,010      134,526      107,476   

Depreciation of bank premises and equipment

  132,376      99,256      85,870   

 

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Consolidated Statements of Income (Contd.)

   2014      2013      2012  

Rent

     110,274         77,229         58,601   

Stationery and supplies

     25,936         19,301         15,263   

Electric power and communications

     145,378         101,458         84,172   

Advertising and publicity

     128,387         103,438         92,526   

Taxes

     1,707,731         1,143,337         695,313   

Directors’ and Statutory Audits’ fee

     163,378         117,077         75,005   

Insurance

     22,646         18,227         14,626   

Security services

     249,176         192,874         127,954   

Maintenance, conservation and repair expenses

     255,965         186,990         127,333   

Amortization of organization and development costs (1)

     122,704         89,019         132,549   

Amortization of goodwill (1)

     14,052         14,052         14,052   

Provision for losses on other receivables and other allowances (3)

     42,731         50,624         43,046   

Other

     1,337,188         910,804         738,790   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-interest expense

  8,102,746      5,807,757      4,404,479   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Income before income tax expense

  5,465,209      3,794,646      2,360,883   

Income tax expense

  1,962,186      1,332,909      853,475   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations

  3,503,023      2,461,737      1,507,408   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

    

  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income

  3,503,023      2,461,737      1,507,408   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest

  23,492      18,173      13,790   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income attributable to the controlling interest

  3,479,531      2,443,564      1,493,618   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Earnings per common share attributable to controlling interest – stated in pesos (4)

  5.95      4.18      2.56   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) See Notes 27 and 35.5.
(2) Mainly includes allowances for loan losses and allowances for Receivables from financial leases, net of those related to Recovered loans.
(3) Mainly includes provisions for losses, an other receivables and expenses related to contingent liabilities for probable claims, lawsuit and other proceedings, including those related to labor.
(4) Earnings per common share was computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of outstanding common shares.

Central Bank rules also require certain classifications of assets and liabilities, which are different from those required by Article 9. The following table discloses the Bank’s consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2014, and 2013, as if the Bank followed the balance sheet disclosure requirements under Article 9:

 

     2014      2013  

ASSETS

     

Cash and due from banks

     14,036,728         12,004,803   

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

     954,817         594,271   

Federal Funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements of similar arrangements

     163,755         576,408   

Trading account assets

     4,106,719         1,458,059   

Investment securities available for sale

     6,714,356         987,388   

Loans

     45,368,057         40,720,365   

Allowance for loan losses

     (1,190,503      (1,011,800

Premises and equipment

     1,733,364         1,099,882   

Due from customers on acceptances

     365,420         260,182   

Other assets (1)

     2,485,987         1,931,830   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

  74,738,700      58,621,388   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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     2014      2013  

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

     

Interest-bearing deposits

     37,634,505         30,649,834   

Non interest-bearing deposits

     16,646,159         12,517,675   

Federal Funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements

     140         186,235   

Other short-term borrowings

     3,954,219         2,725,422   

Long-term borrowings

     1,044,450         838,931   

Contingent liabilities

     171,923         159,381   

Other liabilities

     2,049,749         1,605,653   

Bank acceptances outstanding

     365,420         260,182   

Subordinated corporate bonds

     1,287,317         981,142   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities

  63,153,882      49,924,455   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Common stocks

  584,563      584,485   

Retained appropriated earnings

  6,918,312      5,114,202   

Retained unappropriated earnings

  3,584,932      2,525,478   

Other shareholders’ equity

  404,010      403,266   

Noncontrolling interests

  93,001      69,502   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

  11,584,818      8,696,933   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

  74,738,700      58,621,388   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, includes long-term investment for an amount of 11,231 and 13,446, respectively.

 

32. OPERATIONS BY GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION

The principal financial information, classified by country of office where transactions originate, is shown below:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2014      2013      2012  

Total revenues

     19,689,640         13,433,069         9,745,763   

Argentina

     19,573,045         13,353,720         9,696,746   

Bahamas

     116,595         79,349         49,017   

Net income

     3,479,531         2,443,564         1,493,618   

Argentina

     3,382,597         2,383,265         1,467,608   

Bahamas

     96,934         60,299         26,010   

Total assets

     74,995,634         59,295,034         47,894,065   

Argentina

     73,269,854         57,625,024         46,714,532   

Bahamas

     1,725,780         1,670,010         1,179,533   

 

33. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE SHEET RISK

The Bank enters into various transactions involving off-balance-sheet financial instruments. These instruments could be used to meet the risk management, trading and financing needs of customers or for the Bank’s proprietary trading and asset and liability management purposes, and could be subject to varying degrees of credit and market risk. Credit risk and market risk associated with on- and off-balance-sheet financial instruments are monitored on an aggregate basis.

The Bank uses the same credit policies in determining whether to enter or extend call and put option contracts, commitments, conditional obligations and guarantees as it does for granting loans.

 

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  33.1. Derivatives

In the normal course of business, the Bank enters into a variety of transactions principally in the foreign exchange and stock markets. Most counterparts in the derivative transactions are banks and other financial institutions.

These instruments include:

 

    Options: they confer the right to the buyer, but no obligation, to receive or pay a specific quantity of an asset or financial instrument for a specified price at or before a specified date. Options may be traded on a stock exchange or under OTC (Over-the-Counter) agreements.

 

    Forwards and Futures: they are agreements to deliver or take delivery at a specified rate, price or index applied against the underlying asset or financial instrument, at a specific date. Futures are exchange traded at standardized amounts of the underlying asset or financial instrument. Forwards contracts are OTC agreements and are principally dealt in by the Bank in securities/foreign exchange as forward agreements.

 

    Swaps: they are agreements between two parties with the intention to exchange cash flows and risks at a specific date and for a period in the future. Swaps may be exchange traded or under OTC agreements.

Pursuant to Central Bank’s rules, forward transactions with delivery of underlying assets, must be recorded under “Other receivables from financial intermediations” and “Other liabilities from financial intermediations” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and they were valued as mentioned in Note 4.5.g) (accrual method).

The notional contractual amount of these instruments represents the volume of outstanding transactions and does not represent the potential gain or loss associated with the market or credit risk of such transactions. The market risk of derivatives arises from the potential for changes in value due to fluctuations in market prices.

The credit risk of derivatives arises from the potential of the counterparty to default on its contractual obligations. The effect of such a default varies as the market value of derivative contracts changes. Credit exposure exists at a particular point in time when a derivative has a positive market value. The Bank attempts to limit its credit risk by dealing with creditworthy counterparts and obtaining collateral, where appropriate.

The following table shows, the notional value of options, swaps and outstanding forward contracts recorded in memorandum accounts as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2014      2013  

Forward sales of foreign exchange without delivery of underlying asset (a)

     2,569,298         2,109,826   

Forward purchases of foreign exchange without delivery of underlying asset (a)

     2,432,466         2,916,785   

Call options sold (b)

     114,479         —     

Put options taken (c)

     8,759         6,676   

Interest rate swaps (d)

     —           50,000   

 

(a) It is related mainly to negotiation transactions of forward foreign currency exchange rates, carried out through Mercado Abierto Electrónico (MAE). The differences of such trading transactions are settled on a daily basis based on the prices agreed upon and their quoted price upon maturity; the underlying asset is not delivered or received.

 

(b) As of December 31, 2014, this is related to a call option sold to a Bank’s customer on a building received by the Bank as payment of loans granted by it. The initial price was set at 104,135, and will accrue interest at a corrected Badlar rate, re-calculated on a monthly basis, plus 200 basic points and the option’s exercise period is from July 24, 2014, through July 31, 2016, both dates included. As of the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the holder has not exercised.

 

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(c) As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, this includes a put option taken with a Bank’s customer of a property received by the Bank as payment of loans granted by it. The price was set at USD 1,024,250, and the option’s exercise period between is September 24, 2015, and September 23, 2016, both dates inclusive

 

(d) As of December 31, 2013, this was related to swap agreements entered into with the Central Bank entitling the Bank to collect, on a monthly basis the positive difference between the Badlar interest rate in Argentine pesos and interest rates ranging from 15% to 16.50% nominal interest rate p.a., applied on a total of notional values of 50,000. In the event that the difference between the rates was negative, the Bank was be required to pay the difference. The agreement expired on October 31, 2014, without new transactions were performed. The purpose of those transactions were to place medium- and long-term loans in accordance with Central Bank Communiqué “A” 4776, as supplemented.

Net income (loss) resulting from these transactions and repo and reverse repo, for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, amount to income (loss) and are included in the “Financial Income - Other”:

 

Transactions

   2014      2013      2012  

Premiums on reverse repurchase agreements

     126,469         143,459         196,393   

Premiums on repurchase agreements

     9,249         16,666         (3,151

Interest rate swaps

     2,491         450         (83

Forwards of foreign currency

     143,459         100,442         14,547   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  281,668      261,017      207,706   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  33.2. Credit-related financial instruments

The Bank’s exposure to credit loss in the event of the counterparts’ failure to fulfill the commitments to extending credit, guarantees granted and foreign trade acceptances is represented by the contractual notional amount of those investments.

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer at a future date, subject to compliance with contractual terms. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent actual future cash requirements for the Bank. The Bank evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis.

Foreign trade acceptances represent Bank customers’ liabilities on outstanding drafts or bills of exchange that have been accepted by the Bank and the Bank’s liability to remit payment upon the presentation of the accepted drafts or bills of exchange.

The credit risk involved in foreign trade acceptances and guarantees granted is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. In order to grant guarantees to its customers, the Bank may require counter guarantees.

A summary of credit exposure related to these items is shown below (*):

 

     As of December 31,  
     2014      2013  

Other covered by debtors classification standards

     219,559         108,693   

Other guarantees provided not covered by debtors classification standards

     145,861         151,489   

Other guarantees provided covered by debtors classification standards

     112,092         129,681   

Other not covered by debtors classification standards

     11,030         —     

 

(*) Most of this amount as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, have a remaining maturity of less than one year.

 

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The Bank accounts for checks drawn thereon and on other banks, as well as other items in process of collection, such as notes, bills and miscellaneous items, in memorandum accounts until the related item clears or is accepted. In Management’s opinion, no significant risk of loss exists on these clearing transactions. The amounts of clearing items in collection process are as follows:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2014      2013  

Checks drawn on the Bank pending clearing

     1,063,717         973,961   

Checks drawn on other Banks

     638,058         714,778   

 

  33.3 Trust activities

See Note 14.

 

34. BUSINESS SEGMENT CONSOLIDATED INFORMATION

FASB ASC 280 “Segment reporting” requires that a public business enterprise report financial and descriptive information about its reportable operating segments. Operating segments are components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Generally, financial information is required to be reported on the basis that it is used internally for evaluating segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources to segments. Management has determined that the Bank has one reportable segment related to banking activities.

 

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35. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CENTRAL BANK RULES AND UNITED STATES ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES

The following is a description of the significant differences between Central Bank rules followed in the preparation of the Bank’s financial statements and those applicable in the United States under generally accepted accounting principles (US GAAP). “FASB ASC” shall refer to Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification.

In 2014 the Bank adopted the following Accounting Standards Update (ASU):

 

    2013-04 – Liabilities (Topic 405), Obligation Resulting from Joint and Several Liabilities Arrangement for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date. This ASU requires an entity that is jointly and severally liable to measure the obligation as the sum of the amount the entity has agreed with co-obligors to pay and any additional amount it expects to pay on behalf of one or more co-obligors. There was no effect on the accompanying consolidated financial statements for the adoption of this statement because the bank does not perform these transactions.

 

    2013-05 - Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830), Parent’s Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity. The amendments of this ASU specify that a cumulative translation adjustment should be released into earnings when an entity ceases to have a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets within a consolidates foreign entity and the sale or transfer results in the complete or substantially complete liquidation of the foreign entity. There was no effect on the accompanying consolidated financial statements for the adoption of this statement because the bank does not perform these transactions.

 

    2013-11 - Income Taxes (Topic 740), Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists. This ASU states that an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, should be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward. There was no effect on the accompanying consolidated financial statements for the adoption of this statement because the bank does not perform these transactions.

 

    2014-06 - Technical Correction and Improvements Related to Glossary Terms. These new guidance is designed to clarify the Master Glossary of the Codification, consolidates multiple instance of the same term into a single definition and make minor improvements to the Mater Glossary. There was no effect on the accompanying consolidated financial statements for the adoption of this statement.

 

  35.1. Income taxes

As explained in Note 5, Central Bank rules do not require the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities and, therefore, income tax is recognized on the basis of amounts due in accordance with Argentine tax regulations and no deferred tax and liabilities are recognized.

For purposes of US GAAP reporting, the Bank applies FASB ASC 740 “Income Taxes”. Under this method, income tax is recognized based on the liability method whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities at each reporting date. FASB ASC 740 requires that an allowance for deferred tax assets be provided to the extent that it is more likely than not that they will not be realized, based on the weight of available evidence. In order to determine the amount of the valuation allowance required, in accordance with FAS ASC 740-10-30-16 through 30-25, the Bank evaluates for each consolidated entity all available evidence, both positive and negative and the future realization of the tax benefit in a relatively short period of time, considering future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards and tax-planning strategies.

 

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FASB ASC 740 also prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities.

There were no unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

The Bank and its subsidiaries, located in Argentina, file income tax returns in Argentina. The Bank is subject to Argentina income tax examination for calendar fiscal years ending 2009 through 2014 (in addition see Note 17).

Deferred tax assets and liabilities (including those related to business combinations mentioned in Note 35.7.a) and b)) are summarized as follows:

 

     As of December 31,  

Description

   2014      2013  

Deferred tax assets:

     

Loans (mainly allowances for loan losses)

     363,451         282,656   

Allowance for loss contingencies

     85,514         91,717   

Governments and private securities

     63,857         —     

Property, equipment and other assets

     —           1,664   

Net operating loss carry forwards

     65         1,596   

Other

     69,445         49,379   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets

  582,332      427,012   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

Government and private securities

  —        (2,621

Intangible assets

  (136,342   (109,465

Foreign exchange difference

  (29,351   (16,802

Property, equipment and other assets

  (1,913   —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

  (167,606   (128,888
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax asset

  414,726      298,124   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Allowance for deferred tax assets

  (58,859   (68,553
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net deferred tax assets under US GAAP

  355,867      229,571   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2014, the consolidated net operating loss carry forwards of 185 are as follows:

 

Expiration year

   Amount  

2015

     87   

2016

     68   

2017

     30   
  

 

 

 
  185   
  

 

 

 

The movement of the net deferred tax assets for the fiscal years presented is summarized as follows:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2014      2013      2012  

Net deferred tax assets at the beginning of the year

     229,571         168,125         128,981   

Net amount recorded in comprehensive income

     (31,375      (5,327      (14,576

Net deferred tax income for the year

     157,671         66,773         53,720   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net deferred tax assets at the end of the year

  355,867      229,571      168,125   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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The following table accounts for the difference between the actual tax provision under Central Bank regulations and the total income tax expense in accordance with US GAAP:

 

     Year ended December 31,  

Description

   2014      2013      2012  

Income tax in accordance with Central Bank regulations

     1,962,186         1,332,909         853,475   

Net deferred tax income

     (157,671      (66,773      (53,720
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total income tax expense in accordance with US GAAP

  1,804,515      1,266,136      799,755   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table accounts for the difference between the actual tax provision and the amounts obtained by applying the statutory income tax rate in Argentina to income before income tax in accordance with US GAAP:

 

     Year ended December 31,  

Description

   2014     2013     2012  

Pre-tax income in accordance with US GAAP

     5,377,448        3,745,816        2,351,749   

Statutory income tax rate

     35     35     35
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Tax on net income at statutory rate

  1,882,107      1,311,036      823,112   

Permanent differences at the statutory rate:

- Variation of allowances

  (9,694   (8,945   (244

- Income not subject to income tax

  (109,962   (66,168   (56,966

- Other

  42,064      30,213      33,853   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax in accordance with US GAAP

  1,804,515      1,266,136      799,755   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

In Note 35.7 the abovementioned adjustments were split considering business combinations or other adjustments.

Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would increase by 366,107, 242,591 and 183,925 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would increase by 154,891, 63,993 and 50,734 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Besides the adjustment abovementioned, the Bank’s assets related to income tax acquired in business combination transactions, would decrease by 10,240, 13,020 and 15,800 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would increase by 2,780, 2,780 and 2,986 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Such adjustments are included in Note 35.7 a) and b).

 

  35.2. Exposure to the Argentine Public Sector and Private Securities

 

  a) Loans—Non-financial federal government sector

As of December 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Bank has guaranteed loans acquired mainly through business combinations (maturing around 2017) which were valued according to Central Bank Communiqués “A” 4898 and 5180, amounting to 407,677, 311,757 and 272,578, respectively (see Note 4.5.c)).

Under US GAAP, the difference between the cost of each acquired loan and its expected future cash flows is accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC 310-30 “Loans and debts acquired with deteriorated credit quality”. In accordance with this rule, the Bank should continue to estimate the cash flows expected to be collected over the life of the loan.

The effects of the adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with US GAAP would decrease assets by 200,250, 158,214 and 146,845 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

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On the other hand, income would decrease by 42,036 and 11,369 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and would increase 3,944 for the year ended December 31, 2012.

Taking into account the terms of loans to the non-financial federal government sector acquired with deteriorated credit quality and considering that, historically, the government has not prepaid them, the Bank does not expect prepayments to occur and, therefore, has concluded that such prepayments need not be considered in the determination of contractual cash flows and cash flows expected to be collected.

The following table presents the outstanding balance of loans to the non-financial federal government sector acquired with deteriorated credit quality and related carrying amount under US GAAP at the beginning and end of each year:

 

     Outstanding balance (*)
Year ended December 31,
     Carrying amount
Year ended December 31,
 
     2014      2013      2014      2013  

Beginning of the year

     343,583         325,548         147,868         119,883   

End of year

     407,677         343,583         207,427         147,868   

 

(*) It includes the undiscounted sum of all amounts, including principal, interest, fees and CER adjustments under the loans owed at the reporting date.

The following table reconciles the amounts of accretable yield of loans to the non-financial federal government sector acquired with deteriorated credit quality at the beginning and end of each year:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2012  

Accretable yield at the beginning

     70,306         38,506         26,629   

Accretion

     (80,875      (47,236      (23,677

Disposals

     —           (610      (2,010

Reclassification from nonaccretable yield

     135,165         79,646         37,564   

Accretable yield at the end

     124,596         70,306         38,506   

During 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Bank has not acquired loans or debt securities with deteriorated credit quality. In addition, the Bank applies the income recognition model required by FASB ASC 310-30.

In addition, the following table presents the activity in the allowances required in connection with loans to the non-financial federal government sector acquired with deteriorated credit quality:

 

     Year ended
December 31,
 
     2014      2013      2012  

Beginning balance

     —           4,294         —     

Provision for loan losses

     —           —           4,294   

Recoveries

     —           (4,294      —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending balance

  —        —        4,294   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  b) Government and private securities

 

  b.1) Available for sale securities

As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 under Central Bank rules, the Bank had mainly unlisted Government securities which were valued at the present value reported by Central Bank rules or at the cost value increased by their internal rate of return, as mentioned in Note 4.5.b.1) and 4.5.b.2).

 

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Under US GAAP, these Government securities were considered as “available for sale” and carried at fair value with the unrealized gains and losses reported as net of income tax within the shareholders’ equity accounts in accordance with FASB ASC 320 “Investment – Debt and Equity Securities”.

 

  b.2) Trading securities

In addition, under Central Bank rules, the Bank had listed securities (mainly government securities and shares) maintained for intermediation, which were valued at quoted price as mentioned in Note 4.5.b.1) and b.5).

Under US GAAP these securities should be classified as trading and carried at fair value considering their active market. In addition, changes in fair value are recorded in the consolidated statement of income.

The effects of the adjustments required to state such amounts (Note 4.5.b.1), b.2) and b.5)) in accordance with US GAAP would decrease assets by 21,263 and 1,139 as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and would increase assets by 6,613 as of December 31, 2012.

On the other hand, income would increase by 3, 38,162 and 9,654 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

  c) Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Bank had instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina. Under Central Bank rules, these securities were valued at the quoted price of each security or at the cost value increased by their internal rate of return, as mentioned in Note 4.5.b.3 and b.4).

Under US GAAP, these securities should be considered as “available for sale” and carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported as net of income tax within the shareholders’ equity accounts in accordance with FASB ASC 320.

The effects of the adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with US GAAP would increase assets by 2,374, 41 and 62 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

On the other hand, income would increase by 7,242, 105 and 765 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

  d) Securities in financial trust and other

As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Bank had securities in financial trust and others. Under Central Bank rules, these securities were valued at the cost value increased by their internal rate of return, as mentioned in Note 4.5.g.3) and 4.5.g.4).

Under US GAAP, these securities should be considered as “available for sale” and carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported as net of income tax within the shareholders’ equity accounts in accordance with FASB ASC 320.

The effects of the adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with US GAAP would increase assets by 30,884, 14,268 and 27,691 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

On the other hand, income would decrease by 10,418 and 5,148 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and would increase by 8,065 for the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

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The following table presents the carrying amount under Central Bank rules and fair value of public and private securities:

 

     As for December 31,  
     2014      2013  
     Carrying
Amount
     Fair Value      Carrying
Amount
     Fair Value  

Trading

           

Government securities

     3,241,222         3,241,222         1,408,085         1,408,096   

Private securities

     865,497         865,497         42,265         42,265   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total trading securities

  4,106,719      4,106,719      1,450,350      1,450,361   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Available for sale

Government securities

  446,757      425,494      468,999      467,849   

Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

  5,671,342      5,673,716      48,627      48,668   

Securities in financial trust and other

  596,257      627,141      469,762      484,030   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total available for sale securities

  6,714,356      6,726,351      987,388      1,000,547   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  10,821,075      10,833,070      2,437,738      2,450,908   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The carrying amount under Central Bank rules, amortized cost, net unrealized gains and the fair value of securities classified as available for sale (see Note 31) mentioned in items b.1), c) and d) as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, are as follows:

 

     As of December 31, 2014  
     Carrying
Amount
     Amortized
Cost
     Net
Unrealized
Gains/(Loss)
     Fair Value  

- Government securities

     446,757         451,235         (25,741      425,494   

- Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

     5,671,342         5,678,728         (5,012      5,673,716   

-Securities in financial trust and other

     596,257         601,390         25,751         627,141   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  6,714,356      6,731,353      (5,002   6,726,351   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     As of December 31, 2013  
     Carrying
Amount
     Amortized
Cost
     Net
Unrealized
Gains/(Loss)
     Fair Value  

- Government securities

     468,999         473,463         (5,614      467,849   

- Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

     48,627         48,771         (103      48,668   

-Securities in financial trust and other

     469,762         485,313         (1,283      484,030   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  987,388      1,007,547      (7,000   1,000,547   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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The proceeds from sales of available for sale securities and the gross realized gains that have been included in earnings as a result of those sales, for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

 

     Proceeds from sales
As of December 31,
 

Available for sale securities

   2014 (*)      2013 (*)      2012 (*)  

- Government securities

     725,206         230,888         427,006   

- Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

     9,076,881         2,569,222         2,168,122   

-Securities in financial trust and other

     154,123         231,889         8,847   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
  9,956,210      3,031,999      2,603,975   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(*) As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, realized gains as a result of those sales amounted to 678,827, 67,546 and 34,984, respectively.

The amount of the unrealized gain or loss on available for sale securities, before tax, that have been included in accumulated other comprehensive income (see Note 35.19) is as follows:

 

Securities

   2013      Increase      Decrease      2014  

- Government securities

     (5,614      8,590         (28,717      (25,741

- Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

     (103      5,874         (10,783      (5,012

-Securities in financial trust and other

     (1,283      44,681         (17,647      25,751   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  (7,000   59,145      (57,147   (5,002
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Securities

   2012      Increase      Decrease      2013  

- Government securities

     40,300         970         (46,884      (5,614

- Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

     23         —           (126      (103

-Securities in financial trust and other

     6,992         15,064         (23,339      (1,283
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  47,315      16,034      (70,349   (7,000
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Securities

   2011      Increase      Decrease      2012  

- Government securities

     42,779         11,833         (14,312      40,300   

- Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

     1,493         23         (1,493      23   

-Securities in financial trust and other

     (11,176      26,755         (8,587      6,992   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  33,096      38,611      (24,392   47,315   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The maturities of available for sale securities as of December 31, 2014 are as follows:

 

     For the year ended December 31, 2014  

Securities

   Within 1
year
     After 1 year
but within 5
years
     After 5
year but
within 10
years
     After 10
years
     Total  

- Government securities

     61,364         364,130         —           —           425,494   

- Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

     5,673,716         —           —           —           5,673,716   

-Securities in financial trust and other

     227,991         388,723         2,831         7,596         627,141   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  5,963,071      752,853      2,831      7,596      6,726,351   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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The portion of trading gains and losses for the period that relates to trading securities still held as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

 

     Gains/(loss) as of December 31,  

Trading Securities

   2014      2013      2012  

Government securities

     6,087         21,729         23,051   

Private securities

     (209,100      4,056         (6,311
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
  (203,013   25,785      16,740   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table, presents the gross unrealized losses and fair value of securities classified as available for sale by length of time for each category of securities that have been in a continuous loss position:

 

     Less than 12 months      12 months or more      Total  
     Gross
Unrealized
losses
    Fair
Value
     Gross
Unrealized
losses
    Fair
Value
     Gross
Unrealized
losses
    Fair
Value
 

December 31, 2014

              

Government securities

     (18,653     244,618         (14,411     114,741         (33,064     359,359   

Instrument issued by Central Bank of Argentina

     (10,783     3,442,946         —          —           (10,783     3,442,946   

Securities in financial trust and other

     (6,922     56,409         (2,900     40,388         (9,822     96,797   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  (36,358   3,743,973      (17,311   155,129      (53,669   3,899,102   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 
     Less than 12 months      12 months or more      Total  
     Gross
Unrealized
losses
    Fair
Value
     Gross
Unrealized
losses
    Fair
Value
     Gross
Unrealized
losses
    Fair
Value
 

December 31, 2013

              

Government securities

     (11,749     279,322         (6     102         (11,755     279,424   

Instrument issued by Central Bank of Argentina

     (103     48,668         —          —           (103     48,668   

Securities in financial trust and other

     (12,613     165,535         (1,584     23,390         (14,197     188,925   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  (24,465   493,525      (1,590   23,492      (26,055   517,017   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

For purposes of determining whether the decline in fair value for these categories of securities qualifies as “other than temporary impairment,” the Bank has considered the following factors:

 

    The decline in fair value is not attributable to credit quality. It solely derives from adverse interest rate fluctuations of observable inputs of similar instruments according to their fair value hierarchy.

 

    Future principal payments will be sufficient to recover the current amortized cost of these investments.

 

    The Bank has the intention to hold these securities at least until their fair value recover to a level that exceeds their amortized cost.

 

    The extent to which the fair value has been less than the amortized cost is not relevant for these categories of securities.

The Bank has concluded that the decline in fair value for these securities does not qualify as “other than temporary impairment.”

 

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The Bank notes that the specific identification method was used in order to determine the cost of securities sold.

 

  35.3. Loan origination fees

The Bank recognizes fees on consumer loans, such as credit cards, mortgage, pledged and personal loans, stand by letters of credit and guarantees issued, when collected and charges direct origination costs when incurred. In accordance with US GAAP under FASB ASC 310-20 “Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs”, loan origination fees and certain direct loan origination costs should be recognized over the life of the related loan as an adjustment of yield or by straight-line method, as appropriate.

The effects of the adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with US GAAP, would decrease assets by 91,290, 111,845 and 105,384 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Income would increase by 20,555 for the year ended December 31, 2014 and would decrease by 6,461 and 29,601 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

  35.4. Allowance for loan losses

According to FASB ASC 310 “Receivables”, loans are measured at their amortized cost using effective interest rate, after deduction of any allowance for loan losses.

The loan loss reserve represents the estimate of probable losses in the loan portfolio. Determining the loan loss reserve requires significant management judgments and estimates including, among others, identifying impaired loans, determining customers’ ability to pay and estimating the fair value of underlying collateral or the expected future cash flows to be received. Actual events will likely differ from the estimates and assumptions used in determining the loan loss reserve. Additional loan loss reserve could be required in the future.

The loan loss reserve is maintained in accordance with Central Bank rules. This results from evaluating the degree of debtors’ compliance and the guarantees (see Note 24.) and collateral supporting the respective transactions.

Increases in the reserve are based on the deterioration of the quality of existing loans, while decreases in the reserve are based on regulations requiring the charge off of non-performing loans classified as “non-recoverable”. The Bank charges-off non-performing loans on the month following the date on which such loans are classified as “irrecoverable without preferred guarantees” and fully provisioned.

In the case of the consumer portfolio, the charge-off takes place when the loan is approximately 270 days past due. For the commercial portfolio, the situation depends on the individual evaluation of the credit risk. All charged-off loans are registered in off balance accounts while the Bank continues its collection efforts.

In addition, under Central Bank rules, the Bank records recoveries on previously charged-off loans directly to income and records the amount of charged-off loans in excess of amounts specifically allocated as a direct charge to the consolidated statement of income. The Bank does not partially charge off troubled loans until final disposition of the loan, rather, the allowance is maintained on a loan-by-loan basis for its estimated settlement value.

The Bank’s consumer portfolio consists principally of personal loans and credit card loans. Personal loans include mainly financing granted to clients under the “Plan Sueldo” payroll services. Clients enrolled in this type of services receive their wages directly through their accounts at the Bank. Payments on such loans are debited directly from the clients’ wages on the due date. The most significant factors affecting the Bank’s consumer portfolio’s credit risk are employment rates and real wages.

 

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The Bank’s commercial portfolio is currently diversified among clients of different size (small, medium-sized businesses and corporations) and who are active in different economic sectors (mainly the agricultural, food, services and construction sectors - see Note 24 to the consolidated financial statements). The risks associated with this portfolio are principally related to the specific economic performance of each individual client and to economic factors, such as the price and demand of products and services and competitiveness, among others.

The Bank implements monitoring, control and risk-management systems to maintain the credit risk of its loan portfolios at adequate levels.

Under Central Bank rules, a minimum loan loss reserve is calculated primarily based upon the classification of commercial loan borrowers and upon delinquency aging (or the number of days the loan is past due) for consumer and housing loan borrowers. Although the Bank is required to follow the methodology and guidelines for determining the minimum loan loss reserve, as set forth by the Central Bank, the Bank is allowed to establish additional loan loss reserve.

For commercial loans, the Bank is required to classify all commercial loan borrowers. In order to classify them, the Bank must consider different parameters related to each of those customers.

Pursuant to Central Bank regulations, commercial loans are classified as follows:

 

Classification

  

Criteria

In normal situation    Borrowers for whom there is no doubt as to their ability to comply with their payment obligations.
Subject to special monitoring/Under observation    Borrowers that, among other criteria, are up to 90 days past due and, although considered to be able to meet all their financial obligations, are sensitive to changes that could compromise their ability to honor debts absent timely corrective measures.
Subject to special monitoring / Under negotiation or refinancing agreement    Borrowers who are unable to comply with their obligations as agreed with the Bank and, therefore, formally state, within 60 calendar days after the maturity date, their intention to refinance such debts. The borrower must enter into a refinancing agreement with the Bank within 90 calendar days (if up to two lenders are involved) or 180 calendar days (if more than two lenders are involved) after the payment default date. If no agreement has been reached within the established deadline, the borrower must be reclassified to the next category according to the indicators established for each level.
Troubled    Borrowers with difficulties honoring their financial obligations under the loan on a regular basis, which, if uncorrected, may result in losses to the Bank.
With high risk of insolvency    Borrowers who are highly unlikely to honor their financial obligations under the loan.
Irrecoverable    Loans classified as irrecoverable at the time they are reviewed (although the possibility might exist that such loans might be collected in the future). The borrower will not meet its financial obligations with the Bank.
Irrecoverable according to Central Bank Rules    (a) Borrower has defaulted on its payment obligations under a loan for more than 180 calendar days according to the corresponding report provided by the Central Bank, which report includes (1) financial institutions liquidated by the Central Bank, (2) residual entities created as a result of the privatization of public financial institutions, or in the privatization or dissolution process, (3) financial institutions whose licenses have been revoked by the Central Bank and find themselves subject to judicial liquidation or bankruptcy proceedings and (4) trusts in which Seguro de Depósitos S.A. (SEDESA) is a beneficiary, and/or (b) certain kinds of foreign borrowers (including banks or other financial institutions that are not subject to the supervision of the Central Bank or similar authority of the country in which they are incorporated) that are not classified as “investment grade” by any of the rating agencies approved by the Central Bank.

For consumer loan portfolio, the Bank classifies loans based upon delinquency aging, consistent with the requirements of the Central Bank. Minimum loss percentages required by the Central Bank are also applied to the totals in each loan classification.

 

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Under the Central Bank regulations, consumer and housing borrowers are classified as follows:

 

Classification

  

Criteria

Performing    If all payments on loans are current or less than 31 calendar days overdue and, in the case of checking account overdrafts, less than 61 calendar days overdue.
Low Risk    Loans upon which payment obligations are overdue for a period of more than 31 and up to 90 calendar days.
Medium Risk    Loans upon which payment obligations are overdue for a period of more than 90 and up to 180 calendar days.
High Risk    Loans in respect of which a legal action seeking collection has been filed or loans having payment obligations overdue for more than 180 calendar days, but less than 365 calendar days.
Irrecoverable    Loans in which payment obligations are more than one year overdue or the debtor is insolvent or in bankruptcy or liquidation.
Irrecoverable according to Central Bank Rules    Same criteria as for commercial loans in the Irrecoverable according to Central Bank Rules.

In addition, under Central Bank rules, based on the overall risk of the portfolio, the Bank records additional loan loss reserves in excess of the minimum required and changes the loan classification as the case may be.

Under US GAAP, a portion of the total allowance typically consists of amounts that are used, for example, to cover loans that are analyzed on a “pool” or homogeneous basis and to supplement specific allowances in recognition of the uncertainties inherent in point estimates.

The Bank’s accounting for its loan loss reserve under Central Bank rules differs in some respects with practices of US-based banks, as discussed below.

In addition, all loans reserves from business combinations recorded under Central Bank rules, since the effective date of FASB ASC 310-30 “Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality”, were reversed under US GAAP purposes as of each acquisition date, due to the fact that it is not appropriate to report such acquired impaired loans on a gross basis, since the Bank is not expected to incur those losses.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Bank had foreclosed assets and did not hold any repossessed assets. See Note 35.15.

 

  a) Recoveries and write-offs

Under Central Bank rules, recoveries are recorded in a separate income line item under Other Income. Write-offs are recorded directly in the income statement. Under US GAAP, recoveries and write-offs would be recorded in the allowance for loan losses in the balance sheet; however there would be no net impact on net income or shareholders’ equity.

 

  b) Credit Card Loans

The Bank establishes its reserve for credit card loans based on the past due status of the loan. All loans without preferred guarantees greater than 180 days have been reserved at least at 50% in accordance with the Central Bank rules.

Under US GAAP, the Bank adopted a policy to fully provision loans which are 180 days past due.

 

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Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would decrease by 25,664, 16,965 and 13,448 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would decrease by 8,699, 3,517 and 2,620 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

  c) Impaired loans—Non Financial Private Sector and residents abroad

FASB ASC 310 “Receivables”, requires a creditor to measure impairment of a loan based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. This Statement is applicable to all loans (including those restructured in a troubled debt restructuring involving amendment of terms), except large groups of smaller-balance homogenous loans, not considered troubled debt restructuring, that are collectively evaluated for impairment. Loans are considered impaired when, based on Management’s evaluation, a borrower will not be able to fulfill its obligation under the original loan terms.

The following table discloses the amounts under US GAAP of loans considered impaired in accordance with FASB ASC 310 updated by ASU 2010-20 as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:

 

     Recorded
investment
     Unpaid
principal
balance
     Related
allowance
     Average
Recorded
Investment
     Interest
Income
recognized
 

2014

              

With no related allowance recorded

              

Commercial

              

Other loans

     15         15         —           15         —     

Consumer

              

Documents

     1,963         1,898         —           1,976         700   

Mortgage and pledge loans

     2,820         2,652         —           2,750         305   

Personal loans

     89,626         87,333         —           86,970         27,310   

Other loans

     5,351         5,196         —           5,083         1,248   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  99,775      97,094      —        96,794      29,563   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

With an allowance recorded

Commercial

Overdrafts

  19,033      18,994      16,652      20,587      —     

Documents

  28,662      26,947      17,795      28,520      24   

Mortgage and pledge loans

  124,819      114,634      53,690      128,306      13,900   

Credit card

  1,273      1,273      1,113      1,273      —     

Other loans

  152,260      147,666      86,636      154,292      7,480   

Consumer

Documents

  3,954      3,897      1,182      3,724      414   

Mortgage and pledge loans

  7,795      7,358      1,950      7,410      1,091   

Personal loans

  72,348      71,259      21,787      70,484      11,835   

Other loans

  11,529      11,254      3,307      11,376      1,414   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  421,673      403,282      204,112      425,972      36,158   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Commercial

  326,062      309,529      175,886      332,993      21,404   

Total Consumer

  195,386      190,847      28,226      189,773      44,317   

 

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     Recorded
investment
     Unpaid
principal
balance
     Related
allowance
     Average
Recorded
Investment
     Interest
Income
recognized
 

2013

              

With no related allowance recorded

              

Commercial

              

Mortgage and pledge loans

     5,006         4,819         —           4,947         —     

Other loans

     212         212         —           221         59   

Consumer

              

Documents

     1,861         1,818         —           1,829         418   

Mortgage and pledge loans

     2,487         2,439         —           2,222         341   

Personal loans

     74,030         72,335         —           71,462         17,587   

Other loans

     5,592         5,464         —           5,463         963   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  89,188      87,087      —        86,144      19,368   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

With an allowance recorded

Commercial

Overdrafts

  55,303      54,251      29,133      52,249      40   

Documents

  39,606      37,255      16,929      39,503      —     

Mortgage and pledge loans

  59,883      56,265      13,637      59,512      4,557   

Credit card

  1,278      1,278      707      1,272      —     

Other loans

  77,297      75,467      34,141      77,265      16,512   

Consumer

Documents

  2,483      2,440      1,219      2,346      399   

Mortgage and pledge loans

  4,583      4,491      2,231      4,646      565   

Personal loans

  54,956      54,097      22,856      55,165      10,412   

Other loans

  8,287      8,140      3,384      8,382      980   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  303,676      293,684      124,237      300,340      33,465   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Commercial

  238,585      229,547      94,547      234,969      21,168   

Total Consumer

  154,279      151,224      29,690      151,515      31,665   

The Bank recognizes interest income on impaired loans on a cash basis method.

In addition, the Bank has performed a migration analysis based on uncollectability following the FASB ASC 450 “Contingencies”.

The collective impairment allowance is calculated on a portfolio basis using statistical models which incorporate various estimates and judgments.

The collective impairment allowance has two components.

The first component is an allowance amount representing the incurred losses on the portfolio of smaller balance homogeneous loans, which are loans to individuals and small business customers of the consumer business portfolio. The loans are grouped according to similar credit risk characteristics and the allowance for each group is determined using statistical models based on historical experience.

The second component represents an estimate of incurred losses inherent in the group of loans that have not yet been individually identified as impaired or measured as part of the smaller-balance homogeneous loans. We use historical loss experience for these estimates. This historical loss experience is adjusted on the basis of actual observable data to reflect the effects of current conditions that did not affect the period on which the historical loss experience is based and to remove the effects of conditions in the historical period that do not exist currently. Estimates of changes in future cash flows reflect, and are directionally consistent with, changes in related observable data from period to period (e.g., changes in unemployment rates, macroeconomic conditions and other factors that are indicative of incurred losses in the group and their magnitude).

 

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For consumer loans, upon a TDR modification (see item below c.1) Trouble Debt Restructuring), in accordance with ASC 310-10, the Bank measures impairment of the consumer portfolio based on a present value of expected future cash flows methodology considering all available evidence using the effective interest rate. The amount of the required allowance for loan losses is equal to the excess of the recorded investment over the loan’s impaired value.

In general, commercial loans that are subject to a TDR modification will have been identified as impaired prior to the modification and accounted for under a present value of expected future cash flows methodology. Accordingly, upon a TDR modification, the allowance methodology remains unchanged.

When a TDR loan defaults, the methodology that the Bank uses in order to determine the allowance for loan losses is similar to the one used for TDR modifications, for both portfolio segments.

Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would increase by 3,772, 2,839 and 3,819 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would increase by 933 and 7,862 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2012, respectively, and would decrease by 980 for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

  c.1) Troubled debt restructuring

A restructured loan is considered a TDR if the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties and the Bank grants a concession to the debtor that would not otherwise be considered. Concessions granted could include but it not necessary limited to: reduction in interest rate to rates that are considered below market, extension of repayment schedules and maturity dates beyond original contractual terms.

Loans considered TDR during 2014, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:

 

     2014  
     Number of
contracts
     Pre-modification
outstanding
recorded
investment
     Post-modification
outstanding
recorded
investment
     Accruing
TDR loans
     Non-accruing
TDR loans
 

Commercial

              

Mortgage and pledge

     2         1,123         1,422         1,422         —     

Consumer

              

Documents

     185         4,882         5,289         4,411         878   

Mortgage and pledge

     19         5,219         5,093         3,703         1,390   

Personal loans

     5,177         91,709         100,517         70,040         30,477   

Others loans

     328         11,082         12,290         10,189         2,101   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  5,711      114,015      124,611      89,765      34,846   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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     2013  
     Number of
contracts
     Pre-modification
outstanding
recorded
investment
     Post-modification
Outstanding
recorded
investment
     Accruing
TDR loans
     Non-accruing
TDR loans
 

Commercial

              

Mortgage and pledge

     4         13,988         17,813         17,813         —     

Others

     1         3,035         3,087         3,087         —     

Consumer

              

Documents

     158         3,460         3,620         2,948         672   

Mortgage and pledge

     18         2,215         2,325         2,222         103   

Personal loans

     4,637         64,582         72,218         48,390         23,828   

Others loans

     310         10,472         11,074         8,442         2,632   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  5,128      97,752      110,137      82,902      27,235   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     2012  
     Number of
contracts
     Pre-modification
outstanding
recorded
investment
     Post-modification
Outstanding
recorded
investment
     Accruing
TDR loans
     Non-accruing
TDR loans
 

Commercial

              

Mortgage and pledge

     11         9,683         9,762         9,762         —     

Others

     4         3,663         3,619         3,619         —     

Consumer

              

Documents

     221         4,121         4,596         3,915         681   

Mortgage and pledge

     19         2,555         2,646         2,438         208   

Personal loans

     4,982         57,349         64,900         49,512         15,388   

Others loans

     280         7,963         8,824         7,564         1,260   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  5,517      85,334        94,347      76,810      17,537   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

We consider that a TDR has subsequently defaulted if the borrower has failed to make payments of either principal, interest or both for a period of 90 days or more. Loans considered TDR that have defaulted during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:

 

     2014  
     Number of
contracts
     Recorded
investment
 

Consumer

     

Documents

     3         42   

Mortgage and pledge

     1         136   

Personal loans

     167         2,002   

Others loans

     18         840   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  189      3,020   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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     2013  
     Number of
contracts
     Recorded
investment
 

Commercial

     

Others

     1         397   

Consumer

     

Documents

     11         123   

Mortgage and pledge

     4         390   

Personal loans

     217         2,638   

Others loans

     24         328   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  257      3,876   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     2012  
     Number of
contracts
     Recorded
investment
 

Consumer

     

Documents

     8         117   

Mortgage and pledge

     3         187   

Personal loans

     160         1,309   

Others loans

     12         115   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  183      1,728   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  c.2) Allowances - Roll forward

Under US GAAP, the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 respectively, is as follows:

 

     Commercial      Consumer      Total  

2014

        

Beginning balance

     240,033         798,883         1,038,916   

Provision for possible loan losses

     222,743         552,342         775,085   

Charge-off

     (76,045      (488,076      (564,121

Recoveries

     (14,863      (544      (15,407
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending balance

  371,868      862,605      1,234,473   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Period end allocated to:

Allowances individually evaluated for impairment

  175,886      28,226      204,112   

Allowances collectively evaluated for impairment

  195,982      834,379      1,030,361   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending balance

  371,868      862,605      1,234,473   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     Commercial      Consumer      Total  

2013

        

Beginning balance

     205,769         705,338         911,107   

Provision for possible loan losses

     92,576         625,760         718,336   

Charge-off

     (34,724      (531,187      (565,911

Recoveries

     (23,588      (1,028      (24,616
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending balance

  240,033      798,883      1,038,916   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Period end allocated to:

Allowances individually evaluated for impairment

  94,547      29,690      124,237   

Allowances collectively evaluated for impairment

  145,486      769,193      914,679   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending balance

  240,033      798,883      1,038,916   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment for commercial portfolio amounts to 326,062 and 238,585 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. In addition, non impaired loans collectively evaluated for impairment for commercial portfolio amounts to 14,928,723 and 15,827,019, for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Loans individually evaluated for impairment for consumer portfolio amounts to 195,386 and 154,279 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. In addition, loans collectively evaluated for impairment for consumer portfolio amounts to 29,828,062 and 24,388,915 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

 

  d) Interest recognition – non-accrual loans

The method applied to recognize income on loans is described in Note 4.5.d). Additionally, the accrual of interest is discontinued generally when the related loan is non-performing and the collection of interest and principal is in doubt generally after 90 days of being past due. Accrued interest remains on the Bank’s books and is considered a part of the loan balance when determining the reserve for credit losses.

Under US GAAP the accrual of interest is discontinued when Management has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, usually after 90 days, even though the loan is currently performing. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, unpaid interest credited to income in the current year is reversed and unpaid interest accrued in prior years is charged against the allowance for credit losses.

Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would decrease by 22,078, 12,991 and 6,810 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would decrease by 9,087, 6,181 and 1,167 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The following table represents the amounts of non-accruals, segregated by class of loans, including the amount of TDR loans, as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively:

 

     2014      2013  
     Non-accruing
loans
     Non-accruing
TDR loans
     Non-accruing
loans
     Non-accruing
TDR loans
 

Commercial

           

Overdrafts

     19,957         —           49,060         —     

Documents

     25,803         —           19,481         —     

Mortgage and pledge loans

     118,677         10,549         51,920         12,356   

Credit card

     1,273         —           6,935         —     

Other loans

     147,347         8,064         60,504         9,371   

Consumer

           

Overdrafts

     26,431         —           20,235         —     

Documents

     7,482         2,482         7,024         1,881   

Mortgage and pledge loans

     25,302         4,992         19,198         4,311   

Personal loans

     335,887         50,496         263,373         45,665   

Credit Card

     69,318         —           56,925         —     

Other loans

     25,422         8,796         19,125         8,231   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  802,899      85,379      573,780      81,815   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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An aging analysis of past due loans, segregated by class of loans, as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:

 

     30-59
Days
past due
     60-89
Days
past due
     Greater
Than 90
days
     Total Past
Due
     Current      Total
Loans
 

2014

                 

Commercial

                 

Overdrafts

     32,858         1,714         21,561         56,133         2,898,090         2,954,223   

Documents

     1,235         17,260         92,824         111,319         3,082,169         3,193,488   

Mortgage and pledge loans

     86,925         13,467         104,502         204,894         2,214,535         2,419,429   

Credit card

     —           8         1,838         1,846         327,159         329,005   

Other loans

     144,669         9,128         88,865         242,662         6,115,978         6,358,640   

Consumer

                 

Overdrafts

     15,505         3,660         24,929         44,094         514,675         558,769   

Documents

     1,335         870         7,706         9,911         1,355,907         1,365,818   

Mortgage and pledge loans

     12,009         3,530         14,185         29,724         1,939,725         1,969,449   

Personal loans

     51,674         26,332         81,110         159,116         8,693,221         8,852,337   

Credit card

     110,986         63,697         182,651         357,334         16,029,239         16,386,573   

Other loans

     12,204         8,668         16,359         37,231         853,271         890,502   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  469,400      148,334      636,530      1,254,264      44,023,969      45,278,233   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     30-59
Days
past due
     60-89
Days
past due
     Greater
Than 90
days
     Total Past
Due
     Current      Total
Loans
 

2013

                 

Commercial

                 

Overdrafts

     15,431         7,588         25,182         48,201         4,032,516         4,080,717   

Documents

     12,295         27,745         75,200         115,240         3,150,868         3,266,108   

Mortgage and pledge loans

     82,696         26,365         129,471         238,532         2,052,897         2,291,429   

Credit card

     162         112         6,935         7,209         295,004         302,213   

Other loans

     93,072         42,241         24,450         159,763         5,965,374         6,125,137   

Consumer

                 

Overdrafts

     17,656         6,386         19,689         43,731         492,511         536,242   

Documents

     2,029         1,686         5,475         9,190         992,442         1,001,632   

Mortgage and pledge loans

     14,497         4,457         11,868         30,822         1,463,994         1,494,816   

Personal loans

     99,692         58,307         141,530         299,529         13,773,531         14,073,060   

Credit card

     43,943         16,675         62,309         122,927         6,418,652         6,541,579   

Other loans

     6,899         3,713         10,492         21,104         874,761         895,865   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  388,372      195,275      512,601      1,096,248      39,512,550      40,608,798   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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The following table shows the loans balances categorized by credit quality indicators for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:

 

     2014  
     In normal
situation/
performing
     Subject to special
monitoring / Under
negotiation or
refinancing
agreement/ Low
risk
     Troubled /
Medium risk
     With high
risk or
insolvency /
High Risk
     Irrecoverable      Irrecoverable
according to
Central Bank
rules
 

Commercial

                 

Overdraft

     2,924,483         10,707         —           19,033         —           —     

Documents

     3,157,716         7,110         —           28,662         —           —     

Mortgage and pledge

     2,260,564         39,301         33,503         86,061         —           —     

Credit Card

     327,713         19         —           1,273         —           —     

Others loans

     6,197,000         9,415         52,581         99,644         —           —     

Consumer

                 

Overdraft

     524,132         8,208         7,295         12,783         6,266         85   

Documents

     1,347,405         5,343         3,510         6,823         2,737         —     

Mortgage and pledge

     1,932,822         13,986         5,413         9,597         7,631         —     

Personal loans

     15,827,534         215,043         160,474         124,908         58,561         53   

Credit Card

     8,638,593         88,367         53,614         50,003         21,693         67   

Others loans

     844,063         20,991         9,239         11,519         4,690         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  43,982,025      418,490      325,629      450,306      101,578      205   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     2013  
     In normal
situation/
performing
     Subject to special
monitoring / Under
negotiation or
refinancing
agreement/ Low
risk
     Troubled /
Medium risk
     With high
risk or
insolvency /
High Risk
     Irrecoverable      Irrecoverable
according to
Central Bank
rules
 

Commercial

                 

Overdraft

     3,989,944         35,470         —           50,290         5,013         —     

Documents

     3,222,182         4,320         —           38,980         626         —     

Mortgage and pledge

     2,186,568         46,421         17,278         40,598         564         —     

Credit Card

     300,832         104         —           1,141         136         —     

Others loans

     6,030,140         15,720         5,373         72,191         1,713         —     

Consumer

                 

Overdraft

     503,169         11,812         9,165         8,308         3,714         74   

Documents

     981,485         9,589         5,318         3,840         1,400         —     

Mortgage and pledge

     1,461,239         15,428         4,749         4,785         8,615         —     

Personal loans

     13,603,568         198,673         145,347         88,814         36,503         155   

Credit Card

     6,367,389         80,919         49,941         32,697         10,575         58   

Others

     866,490         10,958         9,270         4,923         4,224         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  39,513,006      429,414      246,441      346,567      73,083      287   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  e) Off balance sheet credit exposures

In the normal course of business, the Bank enters into transactions involving off balance sheet financial instruments to handle risk management and meet trading and financing needs of its customers and for the Bank’s own trading and assets and liabilities management purposes.

In determining whether to enter into transactions involving off balance sheet financial instruments, the Bank follows the credit policies it uses to grant loans.

The management of the Bank believes that the outstanding off balance sheet items do not represent an unusual credit risk.

 

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The Bank’s exposure to credit loss in the event of the counterparties’ failure to fulfill their commitments to extend credit or their obligations under guarantees granted and foreign trade acceptances is represented by the contractual notional amount of these instruments. See Note 35.12.

The process to determine allowances for off balance sheet credit exposures is similar to the methodology used for loans. The provision charged to expense is determined by management based upon client classification, actual loss experience, current and expected economic conditions, delinquency aging and evaluation of probable losses in the current credit portfolio. Any probable loss amounts are recognized as allowances in the consolidated balance sheet.

 

  35.5. Intangible assets

 

  a) Judgments due to court decisions related to foreign currency- denominated deposits

It includes differences due to court orders (amparos) and provisions made by the Bank in relation to the constitutional protection and court judgments resulting from court decisions mentioned in Note 2. to our consolidated financial statements.

Under US GAAP, the right to obtain these compensations is deemed a contingent gain which cannot be recognized until realized, pursuant to FASB ASC 450 “Contingencies”.

In addition, under US GAAP, in accordance with FASB ASC 450, the Bank should have recorded a liability to cover the contingent losses related to the application of the Argentine Supreme Court rulings dated December 27, 2006 mentioned in Note 2.

The effects of adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with US GAAP would decrease net assets by 43,420, 69,017 and 59,968 as December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would increase by 25,597 and 44,410 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2012, respectively, and would decrease by 9,049 for the year ended 2013.

 

  b) Software costs

Under Central Bank Rules, it includes software costs relating to preliminary, application development and post–implementation stages of software development. Central Bank rules permit the capitalization of certain costs that are not eligible for capitalization under FASB ASC 350-40 “Internal - Use Software”.

The effects of adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with US GAAP, would decrease assets by 9,136, 12,175 and 17,544 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition income would increase by 3,039 and 5,369 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and would decrease by 8,199 for the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

  c) Organizational costs

Under Central Bank Rules, it includes inherent cost of set up and organization of the Bank.

Applying US GAAP and in accordance with FASB ASC 720-15 “Start Up Costs” also effected in other adjustments relative to capitalized organizational costs resulting in a decrease to the Bank’s assets of 4,898, 2,586 and 1,681 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition income would decrease by 2,312, 905 and 331 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

  35.6. Vacation accrual

The cost of vacations earned by employees is generally recorded by the Bank when paid. US GAAP requires that this expense be recorded on an accrual basis as the vacations are earned.

 

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Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s liabilities would increase by 202,917, 152,275 and 151,376 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would decrease by 50,642, 899 and 32,563 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

  35.7. Business Combinations

The Bank has effected several business combinations in the past few years. The Bank is presenting separately the US GAAP adjustments related to deferred income taxes, loans and securities valuation and the other effects of purchase accounting by business combination related to Banco del Tucumán S.A., which have not been legally merged into the Bank. The qualitative description of the adjustments related to business combinations were disclosed above, as the case may be. The details of these effects are described in this footnote.

 

  a) Acquisition of controlling interest in Banco del Tucumán S.A.

On May 5, 2006, the Bank acquired 75% of the capital stock of Banco del Tucumán S.A. at a cash purchase price of 45,961. Subsequently, in 2006 and 2007 the Bank acquired the 4.84% and 10.09% additional interest of Banco del Tucumán S.A. for cash payments of 2,907 and 9,709, respectively.

Under Central Bank rules, business combinations and step acquisitions are accounted for the carryover book value of the acquired company. Additionally, at the acquisition date, the Bank recognized the difference between the book value of the net equity acquired and the purchase price as a positive goodwill. Such goodwill is being amortized under the straight line method over 10 years.

Under US GAAP, FASB ASC 805 “Business Combination” required the acquisition of the controlling interest of Banco del Tucumán S.A. to be accounted for as a business combination applying the purchase method. The additional interest acquired was accounted for as a step acquisition applying the purchase method.

Consequently, Banco Macro S.A. has allocated the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date, and the excess of the fair value of the acquired net assets over the cost has resulted in a negative goodwill.

The effects of adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with US GAAP would decrease assets by 6,518, 8,515 and 10,510 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would increase by 1,997, 1,995 and 2,687 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

  b) Merger of Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A.

On December 23, 2013, the Board of Directors of the Central Bank authorized Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A. to merge with and into Banco Macro S.A. and on January 23, 2014, the CNV gave its approval.

In consequence, on December 27, 2013, Banco Macro S.A. carried out the legal merger of Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A. with and into the former.

As a result, Banco Macro S.A. issued 77,860 registered Class B shares to be delivered to the non controlling interest of former Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A. That non controlling interest belonged to subsidiaries of Banco Macro S.A. Therefore, it was a transaction between entities under common control.

Under Central Bank rules, the merger was accounted for based on the carryover value of assets and liabilities as of January 1, 2013 since the merger was retroactively recognized to that date.

 

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Under US GAAP, FASB ASC 805 requires this transaction to be accounted for as a transaction between entities under common control. Therefore, the transaction is recorded at carryover value of assets and liabilities and in consequence, no gain or loss shall be recognized in consolidated net income. In addition, the merger effects were recognized from December 27, 2013 (merger date).

The effects on the Bank’s net assets, to account under US GAAP had been resulted in a decrease by 11,767, 12,604 and 8,306 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition income would increase by 837 and 1,222 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2012, respectively, and would decrease by 4,298 for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

  c) Other

In past years, the Bank consummated other business combinations which also generated similar adjustments. Had US GAAP been applied, other adjustments relative to these other business combination would decrease the Bank’s assets by 19,461, 26,539 and 46,437 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, income would increase by 7,078, 19,898, and 12,660 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

  35.8. Reporting on Comprehensive Income (loss)

FASB ASC 220 “Comprehensive Income” requires entities to report a measure of all changes in equity of an enterprise that result from transactions and other economic events of the period other than transactions with owners. Comprehensive income (loss) is the total of net income (loss) and all other non-owner changes in equity.

This statement requires that comprehensive income (loss) be reported in a financial statement that is displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements with an aggregate amount of comprehensive income (loss) reported in that same financial statement. The adoption of this accounting disclosure is shown in Note 35.19. In the Bank’s case, comprehensive income is affected by cumulative translation adjustments related to the foreign subsidiaries and unrealized gains and losses of available for sale securities, net of income taxes.

 

  35.9. Restatement of financial statements in constant pesos

Pursuant to Central Bank rules, the Bank’s financial statements recognize the effects of inflation as described in Note 4.3.

As allowed by the SEC, since the Banking financial statements are restated applying a methodology that comprehensively addresses the accounting for inflation, the effects of general price-level changes recognized in the Bank’s financial statements do not need to be eliminated in reconciling to US GAAP.

 

  35.10. Accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities

Pursuant to Central Bank rules, the Bank’s derivates are recorded as described in Notes 4.5.g) and 4.5.k). See Note 33.1.

FASB ASC 815 “Derivatives and Hedging” establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain ones embedded in other contracts (collectively referred to as derivatives) and for hedging activities. It requires that an entity recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position and measure those instruments at fair value. The Bank had no embedded derivatives and does not apply hedge accounting in accordance with FASB ASC 815.

Under US GAAP, FASB ASC 815 also requires disclosures with the intent to provide users of the financial statements with more information about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.

 

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In the Bank’s case, as mentioned in Note 33.1.d), interest rate contracts are perform in the Mercado Abierto Electrónico (MAE), as well as private contracts. These derivatives are settled monthly (those perform in the MAE) or quarterly (private contracts).

In the Foreign Exchange contracts the Bank mainly operates as an intermediary between parties. The Bank performs these transactions in MAE, as well as private contracts. These derivatives are settled daily (those perform in MAE) or at maturity (private contracts).

The credit risk of derivatives arises from the potential of a counterparty to default on its contractual obligations. The effect of such a default varies as the market value of derivative contracts changes. Credit exposure exists at a particular point in time when a derivative has a positive market value.

The tables below disclose the requirement of FASB ASC 815:

 

    As of December 31,  
    2014     2013  

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under FASB ASC 815

  Balance sheet
location (1)
  Fair value     Balance sheet
location (1)
    Fair value  

Assets derivatives

       

Interest rate contracts

  Other receivables
from financial
intermediation
    —         
 
 
Other receivables
from financial
intermediation
  
  
  
    1,717   

Foreign exchange contracts

  Other receivables
from financial
intermediation
    136,613       
 
 
Other receivables
from financial
intermediation
  
  
  
    —     
   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total assets derivatives

  136,613      1,717   
   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Liability derivatives

Foreign exchange contracts

Other liabilities
from financial
intermediation
  —       
 
 
Other liabilities
from financial
intermediation
  
  
  
  27,867   
   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total liability derivatives

  —        27,867   
   

 

 

     

 

 

 
        As of December 31,  
        2014     2013     2012  

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under FASB ASC 815

  Location of gain
or (loss)
recognized in
income on
derivatives (1)
  Amount of gain
or (loss)
recognized in
income on
derivatives
    Amount of gain or
(loss) recognized in
income on
derivatives
    Amount of gain
or (loss)
recognized in
income on
derivatives
 

Interest rate contracts

  Financial income-
Other / (Financial
expense-Other)
    2,491        450        (83

Foreign exchange contracts

  Financial income-
Other
    143,459        100,442        14,547   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  145,950      100,892      14,464   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) According to Central Bank rules.

 

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Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would increase by 1,717 as of December 31, 2013, and would decrease by 477 as of December 31, 2012. In addition income would decrease 1,717 and 10,004 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2012, respectively, and would increase by 2,194 for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

  35.11. Foreign currency translation

The financial statements of the subsidiary Macro Bank Limited were translated under Central Bank rules as described in Note 4.1. US GAAP foreign currency translation requirements are covered by FASB ASC 830-20 “Foreign Currency Matters” and differ from Central Bank rules in the translation of the income statement accounts, which under US GAAP should have been translated at the average exchange rate other than at the year-end exchange rate, and resulting differences in translation adjustments between assets and liabilities and components of shareholders’ equity are recognized as other comprehensive income.

Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s net income would decrease by 87,646, 69,536 and 27,427 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and these resulting differences recognized as other comprehensive income.

 

  35.12. Accounting for guarantees

The Bank issues financial guarantees, which are obligations to pay to a third party when a customer fails to repay its obligation.

Under Central Bank rules, guarantees issued are recognized as liabilities when it is probable that the obligation undertaken by the guarantor will be performed.

Under US GAAP, FASB ASC 460 “Guarantees” requires that at inception of a guarantee, a guarantor recognize a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. Such liability at inception is deemed to be the fee received by the Bank with an offsetting entry equal to the consideration received. Subsequent reduction of liability is based on an amortization method as the Bank is decreasing its risk.

Had US GAAP been applied, no differences would have existed in the Bank records, besides the adjustment mentioned in Note 35.3.

 

  35.13. Earning Per Share

The Bank holds, and has held, a capital structure with only common stock outstanding.

Central Bank rules do not require the disclosure of earnings per share or dividends per share.

Under US GAAP, FASB ASC 260 “Earning Per Share”, it is required to present basic per-share amounts (basic EPS) which is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period.

Diluted earnings per share (diluted EPS) measure the performance if the potential common shares that were dilutive had been issued. Potential common shares are securities that do not have a current right to participate fully in earnings but could do so in the future. No potential common shares exist, and therefore basic and diluted EPS are the same.

 

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The following table sets forth the computation of basic EPS:

 

     2014      2013      2012  

Numerator:

        

Net income attributable to the controlling interest under US GAAP

     3,547,509         2,461,159         1,537,835   

Denominator:

        

Common stock outstanding for the fiscal year (1)

     584,563,028         584,485,168         584,485,168   

Weighted-average common shares outstanding for the year

     584,537,430         584,485,168         584,485,168   

Basic EPS attributable to controlling interest under US GAAP – stated in pesos

     6.07         4.21         2.63   

 

(1) See Note 10.

During 2014, the Bank paid 596,254, in cash dividends. Dividend per share amounted to Ps.1.02. On April 23, 2015, the Regular and Special General Shareholder’s Meeting of Banco Macro S.A. approved, among other issues, the distribution of cash dividends for an amount of up 596,254. In addition see Note 16.

 

  35.14. Corporate Bonds

As mentioned in Note 11., on December 18, 2006, the Bank issued the 1st series of Class 1 subordinated Corporate Bonds for a face value of USD 150,000,000.

In addition, on January 29, 2007 and on June 7, 2007, the Bank issued the 1st series of Class 2 nonsubordinated Corporate Bonds for a face value of USD 150,000,000 and the 1st series of Class 3 nonsubordinated Corporate Bonds (peso-linked Notes) for a face value of USD 100,000,000, fully paid on June 7, 2012, respectively.

In the issuance of these bonds, the Bank incurred direct incremental costs (mainly underwriting and legal fees).

Under Central Bank rules, the Bank has recognized as expenses these costs when they were incurred and the interest has accrued according to the contract terms of the bonds in the period in which it was generated.

Under US GAAP, the Bank recognizes direct incremental costs and interest based on the effective interest method over the life of the bond.

Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would increase by 38,625, 5,373 and 10,848 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition income would increase by 33,252 and 14,490 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2012 respectively, and would decrease by 5,475 for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

  35.15. Foreclosed assets

As mentioned in Note 26.2, the Bank has real foreclosed assets and buildings not affected by banking activities. Under Central Bank rules, these assets are carried at cost adjusted by depreciation over the life of the assets (see Note 4.5.j)).

Under US GAAP, in accordance with FASB ASC 360 “Property, Plant and Equipment”, such assets classified as held for sale shall be measured at the lower of its carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. If the asset is newly acquired the carrying amount of the asset shall be established based on its fair value less cost to sell at the acquisition date. A long-lived asset shall not be depreciated while it is classified as held for sale.

 

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As of December 31, 2014 and 2013 the Bank has foreclosed assets amounted to 115,582 and 9,761, respectively.

Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would increase by 12,845, 14,157 and 13,501 as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition income would decrease by 1,312 for the year ended December 31, 2014, and would increase by 656 and 24 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

  35.16. Capitalization of interest cost

The Bank is constructing a new corporate building tower located in the City of Buenos Aires. The Bank will centralize its office in this new corporate tower. The construction works are expected to be completed in the following years.

Under Central Bank rules, is not allowed to capitalized interest cost from borrowings. Under US GAAP, in accordance with FASB ASC 835-20 “Capitalization of Interest Cost”, if an asset requires a period of time in which to carry out the activities necessary to bring it to the condition and location necessary for its intended use, the interest cost incurred during that period as a result of expenditures for the asset is a part of historical cost of acquiring the asset.

Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would increase by 37,763 and 9,415 as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. In addition, income would increase by 28,348 and 9,415 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

  35.17. Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiaries

Central Bank rules require to record noncontrolling interests as a component of the liabilities. FASB ASC 810 requires to record such interests as shareholders’ equity.

Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s shareholder’s equity would increase by 93,001, 69,502 and 51,355 as of December 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition income would increase by 23,499, 18,147 and 13,771 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

 

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  35.18. Set forth below are the significant adjustments to consolidated net income and shareholders’ equity which would be required if US GAAP instead of Central Bank rules had been applied:

 

     Increase / (decrease)  
     Consolidated Net Income
Years ended December 31,
 
     Ref.    2014     2013     2012  

Net income in accordance with Central Bank rules

        3,479,531        2,443,564        1,493,618   

Income taxes

         

Deferred taxes, net of allowances

   35.1.a)      154,891        63,993        50,734   

Exposure to the Argentine public sector and private securities

         

Loans – Non-financial federal government sector

   35.2.a)      (42,036     (11,369     3,944   

Government securities

   35.2.b)      3        38,162        9,654   

Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

   35.2.c)      7,242        105        765   

Securities in financial trust and other

   35.2.d)      (10,418     (5,148     8,065   

Loan origination fees

   35.3      20,555        (6,461     (29,601

Allowance for loan losses

         

Credit Card Loans

   35.4.b)      (8,699     (3,517     (2,620

Impaired Loans – Non Financial Private Sector and residents abroad

   35.4.c)      933        (980     7,862   

Interest recognition – non accrual loans

   35.4.d)      (9,087     (6,181     (1,167

Intangible assets

         

Judgments due to court decisions related to foreign currency – denominated deposits

   35.5.a)      25,597        (9,049     44,410   

Software costs

   35.5.b)      3,039        5,369        (8,199

Organizational costs

   35.5.c)      (2,312     (905     (331

Vacation accrual

   35.6      (50,642     (899     (32,563

Business combination

         

Acquisition of Banco de Tucumán S.A.

   35.7.a)      1,997        1,995        2,687   

Merger of Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A.

   35.7.b)      837        (4,298     1,222   

Other

   35.7.c)      7,078        19,898        12,660   

Derivative instruments

   35.10      (1,717     2,194        (10,004

Foreign currency translation

   35.11      (87,646     (69,536     (27,427

Corporate bonds

   35.14      33,252        (5,475     14,490   

Foreclosed assets

   35.15      (1,312     656        24   

Capitalization of interest cost

   35.16      28,348        9,415        —     

Noncontrolling interest in subsidiaries

   35.17      23,499        18,147        13,771   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income in accordance with US GAAP

  3,572,933      2,479,680      1,551,994   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less: Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest

  25,424      18,521      14,159   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to the controlling interest in accordance with US GAAP

  3,547,509      2,461,159      1,537,835   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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     Increase / (decrease)  
     Consolidated Net Income
Years ended December 31,
 
     2014      2013      2012  

Net income in accordance with US GAAP

     3,572,933         2,479,680         1,551,994   

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

     58,269         9,894         27,070   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income, net in accordance with US GAAP

  3,631,202      2,489,574      1,579,064   

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest

  25,431      18,547      14,232   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Comprehensive income attributable to controlling interest

  3,605,771      2,471,027      1,564,832   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total earning per share attributable to controlling interest in accordance with US GAAP – stated in pesos

  6.07      4.21      2.63   

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (in thousands)

  584,537      584,485      584,485   

 

     Increase / (decrease)  
     Consolidated Shareholders’ Equity
as of December 31,
 
     Ref.    2014     2013     2012  

Shareholders’ equity in accordance with Central Bank rules

        11,491,817        8,627,431        6,199,095   

Income taxes

         

Deferred taxes, net of allowances

   35.1.a)      366,107        242,591        183,925   

Exposure to the Argentine public sector and private securities

         

Loans – Non-financial federal government sector

   35.2.a)      (200,250     (158,214     (146,845

Government securities

   35.2.b)      (21,263     (1,139     6,613   

Instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina

   35.2.c)      2,374        41        62   

Securities in financial trust and others

   35.2.d)      30,884        14,268        27,691   

Loan origination fees

   35.3      (91,290     (111,845     (105,384

Allowance for loan losses

     

Credit Card Loans

   35.4.b)      (25,664     (16,965     (13,448

Impaired Loans – Non Financial Private Sector and residents abroad

   35.4.c)      3,772        2,839        3,819   

Interest recognition – non accrual loans

   35.4.d)      (22,078     (12,991     (6,810

Intangible assets

     

Judgments due to court decisions related to foreign currency – denominated deposits

   35.5.a)      (43,420     (69,017     (59,968

Software costs

   35.5.b)      (9,136     (12,175     (17,544

Organizational costs

   35.5.c)      (4,898     (2,586     (1,681

Vacation accrual

   35.6      (202,917     (152,275     (151,376

Business combination

     

Acquisition of Banco de Tucumán S.A.

   35.7.a)      (6,518     (8,515     (10,510

Merger of Banco Privado de Inversiones S.A.

   35.7.b)      (11,767     (12,604     (8,306

Other

   35.7.c)      (19,461     (26,539     (46,437

Derivative instruments

   35.10      —          1,717        (477

Corporate bonds

   35.14      38,625        5,373        10,848   

Foreclosed assets

   35.15      12,845        14,157        13,501   

 

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     Increase / (decrease)  
     Consolidated Shareholders’ Equity
as of December 31,
 
     Ref.      2014     2013     2012  

Capitalization of interest cost

     35.16         37,763        9,415        —     

Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries

     35.17         93,001        69,502        51,355   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Banco Macro S.A. Shareholders’ equity in accordance with US GAAP (1)

  11,418,526      8,402,469      5,928,123   

Noncontrolling interests (2)

  (95,479   (70,055   (51,534
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Shareholders’ equity attributable to the controlling interest in accordance with US GAAP

  11,323,047      8,332,414      5,876,589   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Includes the effects of other comprehensive income.
(2) Includes the amount mentioned in Note 35.17 and the effect of adjustments mentioned above.

 

  35.19. Set forth below are the accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balances, as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 – net of related income tax effects:

 

     Foreign
Currency
Items (1)
     Unrealized
Gains/

(losses) on
securities (2)
     Accumulated
Other

Comprehensive
Income /
(Loss) (3)
 

Balances as of December 31, 2011.

     18,395         21,512         39,907   

Other comprehensive income before reclassification (4)

     27,427         38,611         66,038   

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (5)

     —           (24,392      (24,392

Tax effects

     (9,599      (4,977      (14,576
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balances as of December 31, 2012.

  36,223      30,754      66,977   

Other comprehensive income before reclassification (4)

  69,536      16,034      85,570   

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (5)

  —        (70,349   (70,349

Tax effects

  (24,337   19,010      (5,327
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balances as of December 31, 2013.

  81,422      (4,551   76,871   

Other comprehensive income before reclassification (4)

  87,646      59,145      146,791   

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (5)

  —        (57,147   (57,147

Tax effects

  (30,675   (700   (31,375
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balances as of December 31, 2014.

  138,393      (3,253   135,140   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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(1) See Note 35.11.
(2) See Note 35.2.
(3) Includes amounts attributable to the non controlling interest for 7, 26 and 73 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
(4) Includes the unrealized gains or losses that had been included in Other Comprehensive Income before they were realized.
(5) Includes gains or losses that were realized and included in net income of the current period. Under US GAAP, those amounts would be included under “security gain, net” on the consolidated statement of income.

 

  35.20. Statement of Cash Flows

According to FASB ASC 230 “Statement of Cash Flow”, a statement of cash flows for a period shall report net cash provided or used by operating, investing, and financing activities and the net effect of those flows on cash and cash equivalents during the period in a manner that reconciles beginning and ending cash and cash equivalents.

The statement of cash flows under Central Bank rules differs from the statement of cash flows under US GAAP (see additionally Note 4.5.q).

In accordance with Central Bank Communiqué “A” 4667, cash equivalents include all high liquidity investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Under US GAAP rules, in accordance with FASB ASC 230-10, certain securities did not meet the requirements to be classified as cash equivalents, and instead, are classified as available for sale.

The Bank’s transactions that did not provide an actual movement of funds in each year (non cash transactions) were eliminated from the respective cash changes. As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the main non cash transactions, based on their book values under Central Bank rules, were generated by transactions with government securities exchanging non cash assets or liabilities for other non cash assets or liabilities (among other, redemption in kind of financial trusts, forwards, unsettled spot and repurchase contracts to buy or sell foreign currencies, listed Government and other securities at future dates and exchanged non cash assets or liabilities for other non cash assets or liabilities, and exchange agreements (mentioned in Note 35.2.a)) with a book value of 814,477, 251,649 and 3,242,125, respectively.

The statement of cash flows under US GAAP based on Central Bank figures is shown below:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2012  

Causes of changes in cash and cash equivalents

        

Cash provided by (used in) operating activities

        

Interest received on loans, leases and investments

     14,112,308         9,957,778         6,901,744   

Fees and commissions received

     4,652,186         3,400,939         2,626,865   

Purchases and sales of trading securities

     (3,077,897      (405,442      (722,714

Other sources of cash

     105,944         122,995         98,958   

Less:

        

Interest paid

     (6,507,313      (3,902,576      (2,902,328

Fees and commissions paid

     (1,174,403      (889,886      (668,688

Cash paid to suppliers and employees

     (5,091,123      (3,748,636      (2,947,585

Increase in intangible assets

     (206,865      (166,195      (115,600

Decrease / (Increase) in other receivables from financial intermediation and other assets

     173,783         (323,630      2,227,530   

Payment of income tax / minimum presumed income tax

     (1,623,725      (906,557      (851,953

Other

     (405,499      (57,327      24,369   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

  957,396      3,081,463      3,670,598   

 

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     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2012  

Plus:

        

Cash provided by (used in) investing activities

        

Available for sale

        

- Purchases of investment securities

     (34,007,787      (5,227,892      (5,538,912

- Proceeds from sales and maturities of investment securities

     29,750,123         5,551,102         5,351,108   

Increase in loans and leases, net

     (5,454,747      (8,462,434      (7,107,315

Proceeds from sales of Bank premises and equipment

     5,178         1,225         13,322   

Purchases of Bank premises and equipment

     (266,359      (176,185      (149,971
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

  (9,973,592   (8,314,184   (7,431,768

Cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Increase in deposits, net

  10,503,539      7,194,012      7,078,490   

Increase in long term borrowings

  184,624      403,153      515,104   

Decrease in long term borrowings

  (657,368   (489,411   (706,851

Increase in other short term liabilities, net

  1,460,447      960,681      465,378   

Cash dividends paid

  (598,486   (19   (19
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

  10,892,756      8,068,416      7,352,102   

Increase in cash and cash equivalents

  1,876,560      2,835,696      3,590,932   

Cash at the beginning of fiscal year (1)

  12,599,074      9,763,378      6,172,446   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash at the end of fiscal year (1)

  14,475,634      12,599,074      9,763,378   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Includes interest bearing deposits.

Set forth below is the reconciliation of net income as per Central Bank rules to net cash flows from operating activities, as required by FASB ASC 230:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2012  

Net income for the fiscal year

     3,479,531         2,443,564         1,493,618   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:

        

Amortization and depreciation

     269,799         202,987         232,974   

Provision for loan losses, net of reversals

     683,934         561,067         615,060   

Net income from government and private securities

     (4,662,378      (334,885      (644,404

Foreign exchange differences

     1,070,000         500,224         158,580   

Equity gain of unconsolidated subsidiaries

     (49,635      (25,162      (13,303

Increase from intangible assets

     (206,865      (166,195      (115,600

Non-computable VAT credit

     85,965         38,078         38,078   

Increase in taxes payable

     338,461         426,352         1,522   

Decrease / (Increase) in other receivables from financial intermediation and other assets

     173,783         (323,630      2,227,530   

Net (Increase) / Decrease in interest receivable and payable and other accrued income and expenses

     (69,635      (193,007      15,478   

Non controlling interest in subsidiaries

     23,492         13,790         13,790   

Net Decrease in other sources of cash

     (179,056      (61,720      (352,725
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

  957,396      3,081,463      3,670,598   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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  35.21. Forward transactions pending settlement

The Bank enters into forward transactions pending settlement for trading purposes.

Under Central Bank rules for such forward transactions, the Bank recognizes both a receivable and a payable upon the agreement, which reflect the amount of cash, currency or securities to be exchanged at the closing date. The receivable or payable representing the receipt or delivery of securities or currency is stated at market value.

Under US GAAP, forward contracts are governed by FASB ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”. This standard requires that such derivatives be accounted for at fair value. The instruments outstanding at each balance sheet are short term and recorded at their fair value.

Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets and liabilities would have decreased by approximately 230,445 as of December 2013.

 

  35.22. Fair value Measurement Disclosures

FASB ASC 820 “Fair Value Measurement” defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value, and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements. Effective January 1, 2012, the Bank adopted new accounting guidance under FASB ASC 820 that requires additional disclosures including, among other things, (1) the amounts and reasons for certain significant transfers among, (2) information about transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, (3) information about the sensitivity of a fair value measurement categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy to changes in unobservable inputs and any interrelationships between those unobservable inputs and (4) the categorization by level of the fair value hierarchy for items that are not measured at fair value in the statement of financial position, but for which the fair value of such items is required to be disclosed. The following information incorporates these new disclosure requirements.

Fair Value Measurements

FASB ASC 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. To measure fair value, FASB ASC 820 has established a hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. This hierarchy uses three levels of inputs to measure the fair value of assets and liabilities as follows:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that Banco Macro S.A. has the ability to access.

Level 2: Other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include the following:

 

  a) Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;

 

  b) Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in less-active markets;

 

  c) Pricing models whose inputs are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and

 

  d) Pricing models whose inputs are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data through correlation or other means for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.

 

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Description of the measurement processes

The Bank uses fair value to measure certain assets and liabilities on a recurring basis when fair value is the primary measure for accounting. This is done primarily for government and private securities (debt instruments issued by National Government and Central Bank, debt securities issued by Trusts, shares, corporate bonds and other) classified as available for sale or trading account, forward transactions pending settlement and derivatives (forward transactions without delivery of underlying assets and interest rate swaps).

As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Bank has no assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

The Bank identified and categorized different assets and liabilities measured at fair value in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC 820.

The Bank has categorized within Level 1, operations that were valued at market price according to trading on its main market, at the fair value at the closing of the fiscal year. According to the Level 1 category, assets and liabilities traded on active markets were analyzed in order to identify and recognize Level 1 type of instruments that are traded on active market.

The Bank has categorized within Level 2, operations that do not meet the requirements of the standard to be considered within Level 1 and whose fair value can be calculated from observable market information, assets and liabilities associated with similar or comparable instruments. Most fair value estimations were made using the “income approach”, converting future amounts (cash flows or income or expenses) to a single current (that is, discounted) amount, considering an effective interest rate developed on the basis of the “yield curve” methodology taking observable inputs of similar instruments. There are also certain assets and liabilities included in this level for which we used the less active market approach to value them identified identical instruments traded that have a “less active market” and took as inputs observable value trade on its main market at the measurement date. In addition, certain assets have projected flows of principal and interest, using the interest rate agreed on the date of issue, and then discounting these cash flows at the market rate for each asset or liability under analysis, obtaining thus the fair value of each investments. When these methods are used, the fair value measurement reflects current market expectations about those future amounts.

The Bank has categorized within Level 3, those assets and liabilities that do not have similar or identical assets traded in the market. In order to measure these instruments at fair value, we used the “income approach”, estimating the fair values based on their own assumptions, which were developed based on similar assumptions to those used by who would use any market participant. For this approach, we used discounted cash flow methodology.

The Bank has not changed the methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments at the closing date of these consolidated financial statements.

In addition, the Bank’s valuation policies and procedures for Level 3 instruments (in the case of the Bank mainly, debt securities like Securities in financial trust and derivative instruments) are under the direction of the accounting and financial management. The Management of the Bank is in charge of developing, reviewing, approving and monitoring the key model inputs, critical valuation assumptions and proposed discount rates utilized for the valuation of Level 3 instruments. In addition, the Management is also in charge of monitoring the changes in fair values of Level 3 instruments from period to period.

 

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Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:

 

     December 31, 2014  

DESCRIPTION

   Total      Level 1      Level 2     Level 3  

ASSETS

          

Government and private securities

          

Trading

          

- Government securities

     3,241,222         3,241,213         9        —     

- Equity securities

     776,655         763,610         13,045        —     

Available for sale

          

- Government securities

     425,494         36,748         388,746        —     

- Instruments issued by Central Bank

     5,673,716         3,788,518         1,885,198   (*)      —     

Other receivables from financial intermediation

          

Trading

          

- Mutual funds

     88,067         88,067         —          —     

Available for sale

          

- Unlisted Corporate Bonds

     484,898         6,460         478,438        —     

- Securities in financial trusts

     142,243         —           —          142,243   

Forward transactions pending settlement

     50,360         24,952         25,408        —     

Other receivables in securities

     775         775         —          —     

Derivative instruments

     136,613         136,613         —          —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Asset

  11,020,043      8,086,956      2,790,844      142,243   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES

Other liabilities from financial intermediation

Forward transactions pending settlement

  59,132      58,986      146      —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

  59,132      58,986      146      —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(*) Mainly includes instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina with less than one year maturity.

 

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     December 31, 2013  

DESCRIPTION

   Total      Level 1      Level 2     Level 3  

ASSETS

          

Government and private securities

          

Trading

          

- Government securities

     1,408,094         1,408,094         —          —     

- Equity securities

     3         3         —          —     

Available for sale

          

- Government securities

     467,849         211,969         255,880        —     

- Instruments issued by Central Bank

     48,668         12,980         35,688   (*)      —     

Other receivables from financial intermediation

          

Trading

          

- Mutual funds

     41,101         41,101         —          —     

Available for sale

          

- Unlisted Corporate Bonds

     274,861         4,618         270,243     

- Securities in financial trusts

     209,169         —           —          209,169   

Forward transactions pending settlement

     45,793         45,184         609        —     

Other receivables in securities

     1,161         1,161         —          —     

Derivative instruments

     1,717         —           —          1,717   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Asset

  2,498,416      1,725,110      562,420      210,886   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES

Other liabilities from financial intermediation

Forward transactions pending settlement

  185,019      184,979      40      —     

Derivative instruments

  27,867      27,867      —        —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

  212,886      212,846      40      —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(*) Mainly includes instruments issued by Central Bank of Argentina with less than one year maturity.

 

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The following is the reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the periods:

 

     Fair value measurements using significant
unobservable inputs (Level 3)
December 31, 2014
 

Description

   Derivatives      Securities in
financial
trusts
     Total  

Beginning balance

     1,717         209,169         210,886   

Transfer into Level 3

     —           —           —     

Transfer out of Level 3

     —           —           —     

Total gains or losses

        

- Included in earnings (or changes in net assets)

     —           (6,219      (6,219

- Included in other comprehensive income

     —           (9,442      (9,442

Purchases, issuances, sales, and settlements

        

- Purchases

     —           8,468         8,468   

- Issuances

     —           —           —     

- Sales

     —           —           —     

- Settlements

     (1,717      (59,733      (61,450
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending balance

  —        142,243      142,243   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     Fair value measurements using significant
unobservable inputs (Level 3)
December 31, 2013
 

Description

   Derivatives      Securities in
financial
trusts
     Total  

Beginning balance

     (477      221,189         220,712   

Transfer into Level 3

     —           —           —     

Transfer out of Level 3

     —           —           —     

Total gains or losses

        

- Included in earnings (or changes in net assets)

     2,134         33,764         35,898   

- Included in other comprehensive income

     —           (18,695      (18,695

Purchases, issuances, sales, and settlements

        

- Purchases

     —           49,734         49,734   

- Issuances

     —           —           —     

- Sales

     —           —           —     

- Settlements

     60         (76,823      (76,763
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending balance

  1,717      209,169      210,886   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Quantitative information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The following table provides quantitative information about the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of substantially all of our Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which we use an internal model.

 

     December 31, 2014

Description

   Fair value      Valuation Technique    Unobservable
Input
     Range (weighted
average)

Securities in financial trusts

     142,243       Income Approach

(discounted cash

flow)

     Discount rate       29% - 50% (36%)

 

     December 31, 2013

Description

   Fair value      Valuation Technique    Unobservable
Input
     Range (weighted
average)

Derivatives

     1,717       Income Approach

(discounted cash

flow)

     Discount rate       15% - 21% (20%)

Securities in financial trusts

     209,169       Income Approach
(discounted cash
flow)
     Discount rate       20% - 25% (24%)

The decision to classify an instrument within Level 3 is based on the significance of the unobservable inputs to the overall fair value measurement Level 3 financial instruments typically include observable components (that is, components that are actively quoted and can be validated with external sources) in addition to the unobservable components.

Changes in Fair Value Levels

The Bank monitors the availability of observable market data to assess the appropriate classification of financial instruments within the fair value hierarchy and transfer between Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 accordingly. Observable market data includes but is not limited to quoted prices and market transactions. Changes in economic conditions or market liquidity generally will drive changes in availability of observable market data.

Changes in availability of observable market data, which also may result in changing the valuation technique used, are generally the cause of transfers between Level 1, 2 or 3.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Bank has not made significant transfers in and out of Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3.

Fair Value Option

FASB ASC 825 “Financial Instruments” allows for the option to report certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value initially and at subsequent measurement dates with changes in fair value included in earnings. The option may be applied instrument by instrument, but is on an irrevocable basis. As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Bank did not elect to apply the fair value option.

Fair Value Disclosures

FASB ASC 825 requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized on the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate fair value.

A significant portion of the Bank’s assets and liabilities are in short-term financial instruments, with a remaining maturity of less than one year, and/or with variable rates. These short-term and variable-rate financial instruments are considered to have a fair value equivalent to their carrying value at the balance sheet date.

 

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The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value for financial instruments with remaining maturity over a short term period and with fixed-rates, and financial instruments not included in Fair Value Measurement section:

 

    Loans and assets subject to financial leases: fair value is estimated, mainly, by discounting future cash flows using the current rates at which loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities, considering the contractual terms in effect as of December 31, 2014 and 2013. Loans and assets subject to financial leases are not normally purchased and sold by the Bank, and there are no active trading markets for most of this portfolio. Accordingly, the Banks estimates are categorized in Level 3 of the Fair Value Hierarchy.

 

    Deposits: the Bank’s deposits as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, that have a remaining maturity of under a short period were considered to have a fair value equivalent to their carrying value at the balance sheet date while for those that have a remaining maturity over a short period (investments accounts and time deposits), the fair value was taken to be equal to the present value of future cash flows discounted at the average year-end observable market interest rates for similar deposits. In consequence, Demand Deposits are categorized in Level 1 and Time Deposits are categorized in Level 2 of the Fair Value Hierarchy.

 

    Other liabilities from financial intermediation (except Nonsubordinated corporate bonds) and Other liabilities: fair value for long-term loans is estimated by discounting future cash flows using current rates at which liabilities were received while fair value for short-term loans was considered to be equivalent to their carrying value at the balance sheet. Other liabilities from financial intermediation and Other liabilities are categorized in Level 2 of the Fair Value Hierarchy.

 

    Subordinated and Nonsubordinated corporate bonds: as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, fair value was taken to be equal to the present value of future cash flows discounted at the average year end market interest rates for securities of similar interest rate, credit risk and duration. These instruments are categorized in Level 2 of the Fair Value Hierarchy.

 

    Off-Balance sheet: commitments to extending credit, standby letters of credit, guarantees granted and foreign trade acceptances: it is estimated that the differential, if any, between the fees the Bank charged for these transactions and the fair value would not give rise to a material variance.

 

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The following is a summary of carrying amounts under Central Bank rules and estimated fair values of financial instruments as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2014      2013  
     Carrying
Amount
     Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Estimated
Fair Value
     Carrying
Amount
     Estimated
Fair Value
 

FINANCIAL ASSETS

                    

Cash

     15,434,202         15,434,202         —           —           15,434,202         12,860,529         12,860,529   

Government and private securities

     10,312,498         7,980,058         2,313,551         —           10,293,609         2,441,316         2,440,217   

Loans

     43,740,295         —           —           41,576,530         41,576,530         39,022,355         37,508,728   

Other receivables from financial intermediation

     2,349,108         52,848         2,136,227         148,119         2,337,194         2,680,249         2,686,959   

Receivables to financial leases

     384,411         —           —           306,914         306,914         385,860         361,736   

Other receivables

     605,414         605,353         —           —           605,353         435,343         435,533   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
  72,825,928      24,072,461      4,449,778      42,031,563      70,553,802      57,825,652      56,293,702   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES

Deposits

  54,716,554      28,395,021      26,326,009      —        54,721,030      43,427,018      43,429,145   

Other liabilities from financial intermediation

  5,356,712      —        5,471,773      —        5,471,773      4,697,731      4,798,931   

Other Liabilities

  1,871,344      —        1,871,344      —        1,871,344      1,325,701      1,325,701   

Subordinated Corporate Bonds

  1,287,317      —        1,396,883      —        1,396,883      981,142      1,290,998   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
  63,231,927      28,395,021      35,066,009      —        63,461,030      50,431,592      50,844,775   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

These fair value disclosures represent the Bank’s best estimates based on relevant market information and information about the financial instruments. Fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of the various instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in the above methodologies and assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

Further, because of the characteristics of all nonfinancial instruments, there were no disclosures required regarding such assets. Therefore, the fair value amounts shown in the schedule do not, by themselves, represent the underlying value of the Bank as a whole.

 

  35.23. Joint venture

As mentioned in Note 3.5., the Bank participates in certain joint ventures. Under Central Bank rules these interests are consolidated through the proportional consolidation method.

Under US GAAP, that method of consolidation is not appropriate for such investments and they are accounted for using equity method.

Therefore, had US GAAP been applied as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, “Other assets” would have increased by 19,663 and 12,688, respectively, with an offsetting decrease in various assets and liabilities accounts. Additionally, as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, income from equity in other companies would have increased by 35,674 and 24,513, respectively, with an offsetting decrease in various income and expense accounts, with no net effect in net income or equity.

 

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  35.24. Items in process of collection

The Bank does not give accounting recognition to checks drawn against the Bank or other Banks or other items to be collected, until such time as the related item clears or is accepted. Such items are recorded by the Bank in Memorandum accounts. U.S. banks, however, account for such items through balance sheet clearing accounts at the time the items are presented for collection.

Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets and liabilities would decrease by approximately 435,658 and 259,183 as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

  35.25. Acceptances

Foreign trade acceptances are not recorded on the balance sheet by the Bank. In accordance with Regulation S-X, acceptances and related customer liabilities should be recorded on the balance sheet. Adjustment required to state balance sheets in accordance with Regulation S-X would be to increase assets (due from customers on acceptances) and increase liabilities (bank acceptances outstanding) by 365,420 and 260,182 as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

  35.26. Repurchase agreements

The Bank entered into Repo and Reverse Repo agreements of financial instruments as disclose in Note 25.

In accordance with Central Bank Rules, the Bank derecognizes the securities transferred under the repurchase agreement and records an asset related to the future repurchase of these securities. Contemporaneously, the Bank records a liability related to the cash received in the transaction. As mentioned in Notes 4.5.g.1) and g.2), the asset related to securities to be repurchased is measured as the same criteria as the transferred securities.

Similar treatment applies to reverse repo agreements.

Under US GAAP, FASB ASC 860 “Transfers and Servicing”, these transactions have not qualified as sales and therefore these transactions are recorded as secured financings.

Had US GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets and liabilities would have decreased by approximately 176,520 and 678,552 as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

In addition, the measurement adjustments of those securities are included in Note 35.2.

 

  35.27. Variable Interest Entities (VIE) and other trusts

As mentioned in Note 14., Banco Macro S.A. is involved in several trust agreements.

Under Central Bank Rules, the Bank is not required to consolidate these trusts (see Note 4.5.g.3).

Under US GAAP, FASB ASC 810 “Consolidation” addresses consolidation of variable interest entities, as defined in the rules, which have certain characteristics.

The methodology for evaluating trust and transactions under the VIE requirements includes the following two steps:

 

    Determine whether the entity meets the criteria to qualify as a VIE and;

 

    Determine whether the Bank is the primary beneficiary of a VIE.

In performing the first step the significant factors and judgments that were considered in making the determination as to whether an entity is a VIE includes:

 

    The design of the entity, including the nature of its risks and the purpose for which the entity was created, to determine the variability that the entity was designed to create and distribute to its interest holders;

 

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    The nature of the involvement with the entity;

 

    Whether control of the entity may be achieved through arrangements that do not involve voting equity;

 

    Whether there is sufficient equity investment at risk to finance the activities of the entity and;

 

    Whether parties other than the equity holders have the obligation to absorb expected losses or the right to received residual returns.

For each VIE identified, the Bank performs the second step and evaluates whether it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE by considering the following significant factors and criterias:

 

    Whether the Bank has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and;

 

    Whether the Bank absorb the majority of the VIE’s expected losses or the Bank receive a majority of the VIE’s expected residual returns.

As of December of 31, 2014 and 2013, under FASB ASC 810, TATSA Trust was considered a variable interest entity. In accordance with FASB ASC 810, the Bank was deemed to be the primary beneficiary of this trust and, therefore, the Bank included them in its consolidated financial statements. However, there were no significant impacts in the US GAAP shareholders’ equity or net income reconciliation.

As of December 31, 2013, under FASB ASC 810, Tucumán Personal I Trust it was not considered a VIE. The Bank maintained the control of the Trust and, in accordance with ASC 810 (under Control Based on Voting Interest model), was required to consolidate it. However, there were no significant impacts in the US GAAP shareholders’ equity or net income reconciliation. On July 25, 2014, all remaining securities issued by the Trust were cancelled as consequence of the final liquidation.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the table below presents the carrying amount and classification of the VIE’s assets and liabilities which have been consolidated for US GAAP purposes. As mentioned in Note 14., under Central Bank rules, those amounts were recorded principally under “Other receivables from financial intermediation – Other receivables not covered by debtors classification regulations

 

     As of December 31,  
     2014      2013  

Cash (a)

     231         326   

Other assets

     4,069         13,696   

Total Assets

     4,300         14,022   

Other liabilities

     71         58   

Total Liabilities (b)

     71         58   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net Assets

  4,229      13,964   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  (a) Includes intercompany deposits eliminated in the consolidation process amounted to 231 and 326 as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
  (b) Creditors (or beneficial interest holders) of these liabilities do not have recourse against the general credit of the primary beneficiary.

The involvements in variable interest entities do not have a material impact on the primary beneficiary’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows.

As a result of consolidating the trusts mentioned in this Note, total assets and liabilities would decrease by 160 as of December 31, 2014 and would increase by 9,816 as of December 31, 2013.

In addition, the others trusts mentioned in Note 14.1 were not considered VIE and were classified as investment securities available for sale under FASB ASC 320. See Note 35.2.d).

 

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  35.28. Accounting pronouncements (US GAAP)

 

  a) Receivables – Trouble Debt Restructuring by Creditors – ASU 2014-04: Reclassification of Residential Real Estate Collateralized Consumer Mortgage loans upon Foreclosure.

The amendments in this Update are intended to reduce diversity in practice by clarifying when an in substance repossession or foreclosure occurs, that is, when a creditor should be considered to have received physical possession of residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan such that the loan should be derecognized and the real estate property recognized. Holding foreclosed real estate property presents different operational and economic risk to creditors compared with holdings and impaired loans. Therefore, consistency in the timing of the loan derecognition and presentation of foreclosed real estate properties is of qualitative significance to users of the creditor’s financial statements.

The amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2014. The Bank does not expect significant impacts from the adoption of this statement.

 

  b) Revenue from Contract with Customers – ASU 2014-09 (Topic 606).

In May 2014, FASB issued ASU 09 “Revenue from Contract with Customers”. The core principal of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflect the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In doing so, companies will need to use more judgments and make more estimates. These may include identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation.

Amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016. The bank does not expect significant changes because the major sources of revenues are from financial instruments that have been excluded from the scope of the new guidance.

 

  c) Transfers and Servicing – ASU 2014-11 (Topic 860): Repurchase-to-Maturity Transaction, Repurchase Financings, and Disclosures.

In June 2014, FASB issued ASU 11 “Transfers and Servicing”. The amendments in this Update require two accounting changes. First, the amendments in this Update change the accounting for repurchase-to-maturity transactions to secured borrowing accounting. Second, for repurchase financing arrangement, the amendments require separate accounting for transfer of a financial asset executed contemporaneously with a repurchase agreement with the same counterparty, which will result in secured borrowing accounting for the repurchase agreement. The amendments also require two new disclosures. The first disclosure requires an entity to disclose information on transfers accounted for as sales in transactions that are economically similar to repurchase agreement. The second disclosure provides increased transparency about the types of collateral pledge in repurchase agreement and similar transactions accounted for as secured borrowings.

Amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2014. The Bank does not expect significant impact from the adoption of this statement.

 

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  d) Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern – ASU 2014-15 (Topic 205-40), Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern.

In August 2014, FASB issued ASU 15 “Presentation on Financial Statements – Going Concern”. According with this ASU, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions and events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statements are issued and, if so, disclose that fact. Management will be required to make this evaluation for both annual and interim reporting periods, if applicable and also is required to evaluate and disclose whether its plans alleviate that doubt.

Amendments in this Update are effective for annual periods ending after 15 December, 2016 and interim periods within annual periods beginning after 15, December 2016. The Bank does not expect significant impact from the adoption of this statement.

 

  e) Derivates and Hedging – ASU 2014-16 (Topic 815), Determining Whether the Host Contract in a Hybrid Financial Instrument Issued in the Form of a Share Is More Akin to Debt or to Equity (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force).

In November 2014, FASB issued ASU 16 “Derivates and Hedging”. According with this ASU, all entities are required to use what is called the “whole instrument approach” to determine the nature of a host contract in a hybrid financial instrument issued in the form of a share. This ASU requires issuers and investors to consider all of a hybrid instrument’s stated and implied substantive terms and features, including any embedded derivative features being evaluated for bifurcation and eliminates the “chameleon approach,” under which all embedded features except the feature being analyzed are considered.

Amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. The Bank does not expect significant impact from the adoption of this statement.

 

  f) Business Combination – ASU 2014-17 (Topic 805), Pushdown Accounting (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force).

In November 2014, FASB issued ASU 17 “Business Combination”. The amendments in this Update allow to all acquired entities to have the option to apply pushdown accounting (i.e., reflect the acquirer’s basis of accounting for the acquired entity’s assets and liabilities) when an acquirer obtains control of them. An acquired entity can elect to apply pushdown accounting upon each event in which an acquirer obtains control of it and also allows any subsidiary of an acquired entity to apply pushdown accounting to its separate financial statements, regardless of whether the acquired entity elects to apply pushdown accounting.

Amendments in this Update are effective immediately. The Bank does not expect significant impact from the adoption of this statement

 

  g) Income Statement – ASU 2015-01 (Topic 225-20), Extraordinary and Unusual Items.

In January 2015, FASB issued ASU 01 “Income Statement – Extraordinary and Unusual Items”. The amendments in this Update eliminate the concept of extraordinary item.

Amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. The Bank does not expect significant impact from the adoption of this statement.

 

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  h) Consolidation – ASU 2015-02 (Topic 810), Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis.

In February 2015, FASB issued ASU 02 “Consolidation – Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis”. This new ASU affects the consolidation evaluation for reporting organizations. The main provisions are: (i) eliminates the presumption that a general partner should consolidate a limited partnership and eliminates the consolidation model specific to limited partnership; (ii) clarifies when fees paid to a decision maker should be a factor to include in the consolidation of variable interest entities (VIEs); (iii) amends the guidance for assessing how relationships of related parties affect the consolidation analysis of VIEs; (iv) reduces the number of VIE consolidation models from two to one by eliminating the indefinite deferral for certain investment funds and; (v) scopes certain money market funds out of the consolidation guidance.

Amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. The Bank does not expect significant impact from the adoption of this statement.

 

  i) Interest – ASU 2015-03 (Topic 835-30), Imputation of Interest, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Cost.

In April 2015, FASB issued ASU 03 “Interest – Imputation of Interest”. The amendments in this Update require that debt issuance cost related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts.

Amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. The Bank does not expect significant impact from the adoption of this statement.

 

  j) Intangibles – ASU 2015-05 (Subtopic 350-40), Goodwill and Other, Internal-Use of Software, Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement.

In April 2015, FASB issued ASU N° 05 “Goodwill and Other, Internal-Use of Software”. The amendments in this Update provide guidance to customer about whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license. If the arrangement includes a software license, then the customer should account for the license element of the arrangement consistent with the acquisition of other software licenses, but if the arrangement does not include a software license, the customer should account for the arrangement as a service contract.

Amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. The Bank does not expect significant impact from the adoption of this statement.

 

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Exhibit 8.1

Subsidiaries of Banco Macro S.A.

 

Subsidiary

  

Jurisdiction of

Incorporation

  

Principal Activity

Banco del Tucumán S.A.    Republic of Argentina    Financial Institution
Macro Bank Limited    Bahamas    Banking Services
Macro Securities S.A.    Republic of Argentina    Securities Agent and Brokerage Services
Macro Fiducia S.A.    Republic of Argentina    Trust Services
Macro Fondos S.G.F.C.I. S.A.    Republic of Argentina    Mutual Fund Administration


Exhibit 12.1

CERTIFICATE

I, JORGE HORACIO BRITO, CERTIFY THAT:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Banco Macro S.A.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the company and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: April 28, 2015

 

/s/ Jorge Horacio Brito

Name: Jorge Horacio Brito
Title: Chief Executive Officer


Exhibit 12.2

CERTIFICATE

I JORGE PABLO BRITO, CERTIFY THAT:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Banco Macro S.A.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the company and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: April 28, 2015

 

/s/ Jorge Pablo Brito

Name: Jorge Pablo Brito
Title: Chief Financial Officer


Exhibit 13.1

CERTIFICATION

PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(SUBSECTIONS (A) AND (B) OF SECTION 1350, CHAPTER 63 OF TITLE 18, UNITED STATES CODE)

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of Banco Macro S.A. (the “Company”), does hereby certify that, to the best of such officer’s knowledge:

 

  1. The accompanying Report of the Company on Form 20-F (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

  2. Information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

Date: April 28, 2015

/s/ Jorge Horacio Brito

Name: Jorge Horacio Brito
Title: Chief Executive Officer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Banco Macro S.A. and will be retained by Banco Macro S.A. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.



Exhibit 13.2

CERTIFICATION

PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(SUBSECTIONS (A) AND (B) OF SECTION 1350, CHAPTER 63 OF TITLE 18, UNITED STATES CODE)

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of Banco Macro S.A. (the “Company”), does hereby certify that, to the best of such officer’s knowledge:

 

  1. The accompanying Report of the Company on Form 20-F (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

  2. Information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

Date: April 28, 2015

/s/ Jorge Pablo Brito

Name: Jorge Pablo Brito
Title: Chief Financial Officer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Banco Macro S.A. and will be retained by Banco Macro S.A. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

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