By Saumya Vaishampayan 

Stocks fell on Wednesday after weak economic data added to concerns about U.S. growth at the start of the year.

The Dow declined 122 points, or 0.7%, to 17653. The S&P 500 shed 12 points, or 0.6%, to 2056, and the Nasdaq Composite lost 39 points, or 0.8%, to 4861.

Treasury prices rose, pushing the 10-year yield down to 1.861% from 1.930% on Tuesday.

Health-care stocks in the S&P 500 fell the most, down 1.9%. Energy stocks rose along with the price of oil, up 0.5%. Crude-oil futures added 3% to $49 a barrel.

Soft economic reports added to the negative tone, dimming the outlook for corporate profits. Private payrolls rose by 189,000 in March, according to data compiled by payroll processor Automatic Data Processing Inc. and forecasting firm Moody's Analytics. Economists surveyed by The Wall Street Journal had expected an increase of 225,000 jobs.

Separately, data showed manufacturing activity slowed for the fifth month in a row. The Institute for Supply Management's manufacturing purchasing managers index fell to 51.5 in March from 52.9 in February, coming in lower than expectations of 52.5. The ISM's employment index also dropped, further evidence of a slowdown in the labor market last month.

Wednesday's declines "really have to do with the soft data," said Dan Suzuki, senior U.S. equity strategist at Bank of America Merrill Lynch. "Given that everybody is focused on what the Friday payrolls number is going to be, those two data points are pretty negative" for the jobs outlook, he added, referring to the ADP and ISM employment numbers.

The Labor Department on Friday will release its monthly payrolls report. Economists surveyed by The Wall Street Journal expect employers added 248,000 jobs in March. The stock market will be closed for the Good Friday holiday.

Stocks fell Tuesday, pulling the Dow into negative territory for the first quarter. The S&P 500 eked out a quarterly gain of 0.4% and the Nasdaq gained 3.5% in the period, with both indexes notching their ninth quarter in a row of gains. Still, the S&P's first-quarter advance was the smallest in those nine quarters of gains amid soft U.S. economic performance at the start of the year and concerns about first-quarter earnings.

"Overall, the U.S. is in decent shape," said Laura LaRosa, director of portfolio management at Glenmede. "We will probably have positive returns this year, just not what we've seen in the last couple of years, " she added.

Many investors are bracing for sharper swings in the stock market this year, driven by uncertainty about economic growth, global monetary policy and how moves in currencies and commodities will impact earnings. "All of that is going to lead to higher stock market volatility," said Mr. Suzuki of Bank of America.

European stocks were bolstered by better-than-expected data that showed eurozone manufacturing activity in March grew at the fastest pace in 10 months. Germany's DAX gained 0.3% and France's CAC 40 rose 0.6%.

"The valuations in Europe are much more attractive right now," said Ms. LaRosa of Glenmede, adding that European stocks will likely outpace their U.S. counterparts this year.

In other markets, gold futures rose 1.5% to $1201.30 an ounce. The dollar took a breather, with the euro rising to $1.0777 from $1.0735 on Tuesday.

In corporate news, Macerich Co. rejected Simon Property Group Inc.'s "best and final" bid , saying the offer undervalued the company. Simon subsequently withdrew its $16.8 billion offer. Macerich shares fell 4.4% while Simon shares added 0.4%.

GoDaddy Inc. shares rose 33% above their initial public offering price in their market debut Wednesday. GoDaddy priced its IPO above expectations on Tuesday, at $20 a share.

Write to Saumya Vaishampayan at saumya.vaishampayan@wsj.com

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