Boeing Co. said pension charges pushed down net profit in the first quarter, but improvements in its core operations beat analysts' expectations as output for jetliners continued to rise.

The aerospace giant's first-quarter earnings fell 13% to $965 million, or $1.28 a share, from $1.11 billion, or $1.44 a share, a year earlier.

However, the Chicago-based company's core earnings, which exclude pension and other retirement benefits, rose 12% during the quarter to roughly $2.1 billion, or $1.76 per share, up from $1.87 billion and $1.73 during the same period a year prior.

Revenue increased 8.3% to $20.47 billion on higher output of its 787 Dreamliner and single-aisle 737. The company handed over 161 jets from January through March and Boeing anticipates beating its 2013 record of 648 jetliner deliveries with between 715 and 725 planned for 2014.

Analysts polled by Thomson Reuters expected core profit of $1.56 a share and $20.2 billion in revenue.

Boeing also raised its per-share earnings guidance to between $7.15 and $7.35, from $7 to $7.20, to reflect a tax settlement.

Boeing has been aggressively driving down its internal and supplier costs in a coordinated cost-cutting initiative that grew its core operating margin to 10.2%, up from 9.9% a year earlier.

In the latest quarter, revenue at its commercial division rose 19%, while operating earnings increased 23%.

In contrast to its commercial jetliner division, quarterly revenue at its defense unit ticked down 5.9% to $7.6 billion from $8.1 billion a year ago on fewer deliveries.

The latest period included previously disclosed charges of $334 million related to Boeing's plans to move most of its unionized and nonunion workers to 401(k) retirement-savings plans from traditional pension plans starting in 2016.

A growing number of U.S. companies have swapped traditional pensions for 401(k) plans, effectively shifting the risk of market volatility to workers and reducing long-term costs.

Write to Jon Ostrower at jon.ostrower@wsj.com

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