UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

Form 6-K

 

 

Report of Foreign Private Issuer

Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2015

Commission File Number 001-10882

 Aegon N.V.

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

Aegonplein 50

P.O. Box 85

2501 CB The Hague

the Netherlands

(Address of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

x  Form 20-F                                 ¨  Form 40-F

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1):            

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7):            


The financial statements, notes thereto and Operating and Financial Review and Prospects of Aegon N.V. listed below are attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1. Such financial statements and discussion and analysis are incorporated by reference herein and in Aegon’s Registration Statements under the Securities Act of 1933 on Form F-3 (Nos 333-201039, 333-201038, 333-197169, 333-178225, 333-178224, 333-174878, and 333-150786) and on Form S-8 (Nos 333-196156, 333-183176, 333-157843, 333-151984, 333-151983 and 333-150774).

Item 1: Interim Financial Statements

Condensed consolidated income statement for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014

Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014

Condensed consolidated statement of financial position at June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014

Condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014

Condensed consolidated cash flow statement for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

Item 2: Operating and financial review and prospects

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Aegon N.V.
 

 

(Registrant)

  Date: August 13, 2015
 

/s/ J.H.P.M. van Rossum

  J.H.P.M. van Rossum
  Executive Vice President
  Corporate Controller

 

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Exhibit 99.1

 

 

Index

  

Page Number

Item 1: Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

  

Condensed consolidated income statement

  

              3

Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income

  

              4

Condensed consolidated statement of financial position

  

              5

Condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity

  

              6

Condensed consolidated cash flow statement

  

              7

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

  

              8

Item 2: Operating and financial review and prospects

  

              30

 

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Condensed consolidated income statement

 

                      
EUR millions    Notes      YTD 2015     YTD 2014  
   

Premium income

     4         10,622        9,625   

Investment income

     5         4,360        4,088   

Fee and commission income

        1,208        953   

Other revenues

              9        3   

Total revenues

        16,199        14,669   

Income from reinsurance ceded

        1,474        1,443   

Results from financial transactions

     6         2,937        6,397   

Other income

              -        12   

Total income

        20,610        22,520   
   

Benefits and expenses

     7         19,466        21,708   

Impairment charges / (reversals)

     8         7        16   

Interest charges and related fees

        183        182   

Other charges

              11        6   

Total charges

        19,667        21,912   
   

Share in net result of joint ventures

        61        20   

Share in net result of associates

              3        16   

Income before tax

        1,007        644   

Income tax (expense) / benefit

              (180     (122

Net income

              828        522   
   

Net income attributable to:

         

Equity holders of Aegon N.V.

        827        522   

Non-controlling interests

              -        -   
   

Earnings per share (EUR per share)

     15          

Basic earnings per common share

        0.36        0.21   

Basic earnings per common share B

        0.01        0.01   

Diluted earnings per common share

        0.36        0.21   

Diluted earnings per common share B

              0.01        0.01   

 

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Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income

 

 
EUR millions    YTD 2015     YTD 2014  
   

Net income

     828        522   
   

Other comprehensive income:

      

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss:

      

Changes in revaluation reserve real estate held for own use

     4        (2

Remeasurements of defined benefit plans

     267        (443

Income tax relating to items that will not be reclassified

     (81     125   
   

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:

      

Gains / (losses) on revaluation of available-for-sale investments

     (1,525     3,312   

(Gains) / losses transferred to the income statement on disposal and impairment of available-for-sale investments

     (280     (319

Changes in cash flow hedging reserve

     37        380   

Movement in foreign currency translation and net foreign investment hedging reserve

     1,277        173   

Equity movements of joint ventures

     (2     12   

Equity movements of associates

     (1     6   

Income tax relating to items that may be reclassified

     660        (988

Other

     4        (5

Other comprehensive income for the period

     359        2,252   

Total comprehensive income/(loss)

     1,187        2,774   
   

Total comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to:

      

Equity holders of Aegon N.V.

     1,187        2,775   

Non-controlling interests

     -        (1

 

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Condensed consolidated statement of financial position                        
             Jun. 30,      Dec. 31,  
              2015      2014  
EUR millions    Notes                  
   

Assets

          

Intangible assets

     9         2,216         2,073   

Investments

     10         158,733         153,219   

Investments for account of policyholders

     11         205,903         191,467   

Derivatives

     12         21,937         28,014   

Investments in joint ventures

        1,553         1,468   

Investments in associates

        256         140   

Reinsurance assets

        10,154         9,593   

Deferred expenses

     14         11,930         10,373   

Assets held for sale

     17         9,625         9,881   

Other assets and receivables

        7,400         7,628   

Cash and cash equivalents

              10,882         10,610   

Total assets

        440,590         424,467   
   

Equity and liabilities

          

Shareholders’ equity

        24,873         23,957   

Other equity instruments

              3,796         3,827   

Issued capital and reserves attributable to equity holders of Aegon N.V.

        28,669         27,784   

Non-controlling interests

              9         9   

Group equity

        28,679         27,793   
   

Trust pass-through securities

        152         143   

Subordinated borrowings

        755         747   

Insurance contracts

        119,085         111,927   

Insurance contracts for account of policyholders

        110,882         102,250   

Investment contracts

        17,043         15,359   

Investment contracts for account of policyholders

        97,551         91,849   

Derivatives

     12         20,666         26,048   

Borrowings

     16         14,335         14,158   

Liabilities held for sale

     17         7,881         7,810   

Other liabilities

              23,561         26,383   

Total liabilities

 

             

 

411,911

 

  

 

    

 

396,674

 

  

 

Total equity and liabilities

              440,590         424,467   

 

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Condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity

 

 
EUR millions    Share
capital 1
    Retained
earnings
    Revaluation
reserves
    Remeasurement
of defined
benefit plans
    Other
reserves
   

Other

equity
instruments

    Issued
capital
and
reserves 2
    Non-
controlling
Interests
    Total  
       

Six months ended June 30, 2015

                        
       

At beginning of year

     8,597        8,740        8,308        (1,611     (77     3,827        27,784        9        27,793   
       

Net income recognized in the income statement

     -        827        -        -        -        -        827        -        828   
       

Other comprehensive income:

                        

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss:

                        

Changes in revaluation reserve real estate held for own use

     -        -        4        -        -        -        4        -        4   

Remeasurements of defined benefit plans

     -        -        -        267        -        -        267        -        267   

Income tax relating to items that will not be reclassified

     -        -        -        (81     -        -        (81     -        (81
       

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:

                        

Gains / (losses) on revaluation of available-for-sale investments

     -        -        (1,525     -        -        -        (1,525     -        (1,525

(Gains) / losses transferred to income statement on disposal and impairment of available-for-sale investments

     -        -        (280     -        -        -        (280     -        (280

Changes in cash flow hedging reserve

     -        -        37        -        -        -        37        -        37   

Movement in foreign currency translation and net foreign investment hedging reserves

     -        -        -        (81     1,358        -        1,277        -        1,277   

Equity movements of joint ventures

     -        -        -        -        (2     -        (2     -        (2

Equity movements of associates

     -        -        -        -        (1     -        (1     -        (1

Income tax relating to items that may be reclassified

     -        -        687        -        (27     -        660        -        660   

Other

     -        4        -        -        -        -        4        -        4   

Total other comprehensive income

 

     -        4        (1,078     105        1,328        -        359        -        359   

Total comprehensive income/ (loss) for 2015

     -        831        (1,078     105        1,328        -        1,187        -        1,187   
       

Shares issued and withdrawn

     1        -        -        -        -        -        1        -        1   

Issuance and purchase of treasury shares

     -        58        -        -        -        -        58        -        58   

Dividends paid on common shares

     (108     (147     -        -        -        -        (255     -        (255

Coupons on non-cumulative subordinated notes

     -        (14     -        -        -        -        (14     -        (14

Coupons on perpetual securities

     -        (54     -        -        -        -        (54     -        (54

Share options and incentive plans

     -        (7     -        -        -        (30     (38     -        (38

At end of period

     8,490        9,408        7,230        (1,506     1,251        3,796        28,669        9        28,679   
       

Six months ended June 30, 2014

                        
       

At beginning of year

     8,701        8,455        3,023        (706     (1,778     5,015        22,709        10        22,719   
       

Net income recognized in the income statement

     -        522        -        -        -        -        522        -        522   
       

Other comprehensive income:

                        

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss:

                        

Changes in revaluation reserve real estate held for own use

     -        -        (2     -        -        -        (2     -        (2

Remeasurements of defined benefit plans

     -        -        -        (443     -        -        (443     -        (443

Income tax relating to items that will not be reclassified

     -        -        1        125        -        -        125        -        125   
       

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:

                        

Gains / (losses) on revaluation of available-for-sale investments

     -        -        3,312        -        -        -        3,312        -        3,312   

(Gains) / losses transferred to income statement on disposal and impairment of available-for-sale investments

     -        -        (319     -        -        -        (319     -        (319

Changes in cash flow hedging reserve

     -        -        380        -        -        -        380        -        380   

Movement in foreign currency translation and net foreign investment hedging reserves

     -        -        -        (10     183        -        173        -        173   

Equity movements of joint ventures

     -        -        -        -        12        -        12        -        12   

Equity movements of associates

     -        -        -        -        6        -        6        -        6   

Income tax relating to items that may be reclassified

     -        -        (985     -        (3     -        (988     -        (988

Other

     -        (4     -        -        -        -        (4     (1     (5

Total other comprehensive income

 

     -        (4     2,387        (328     198        -        2,253        (1     2,252   

Total comprehensive income / (loss) for 2014

     -        518        2,387        (328     198        -        2,775        (1     2,774   
       

Issuance and purchase of treasury shares

     -        (65     -        -        -        -        (65     -        (65

Other equity instruments redeemed

     -        15        -        -        -        (1,184     (1,169     -        (1,169

Dividends paid on common shares

     -        (138     -        -        -        -        (138     -        (138

Coupons on non-cumulative subordinated notes

     -        (11     -        -        -        -        (11     -        (11

Coupons on perpetual securities

     -        (72     -        -        -        -        (72     -        (72

Share options and incentive plans

     -        7        -        -        -        (20     (13     -        (13

At end of period

     8,701        8,709        5,410        (1,034     (1,581     3,811        24,015        9        24,024   

1 For a breakdown of share capital please refer to note 15.

2 Issued capital and reserves attributable to equity holders of Aegon N.V.

 

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Condensed consolidated cash flow statement

 

              
EUR millions    Q2 2015     Q2 2014  
   

Cash flow from operating activities

     368        1,566   
   

Purchases and disposals of intangible assets

     (21     (18

Purchases and disposals of equipment and other assets

     (34     (27

Purchases, disposals and dividends of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures

     218        27   

Cash flow from investing activities

     162        (18
   

Issuance and purchase of treasury shares

     (53     (38

Dividends paid

     (147     (138

Issuances, repurchases and coupons of perpetuals

     (72     (1,265

Issuances, repurchases and coupons of non-cumulative subordinated notes

     (18     (15

Issuances and repayments of borrowings

     (173     1,777   

Cash flow from financing activities

     (463     320   
   

Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     67        1,868   

Net cash and cash equivalents at January 1

     10,649        5,652   

Effects of changes in foreign exchange rates

     202        34   

Net cash and cash equivalents at end of period

     10,918        7,554   

 

    

                
   

Cash and cash equivalents

     10,882        7,850   

Cash and cash equivalents classified as Assets held for sale

     45        -   

Bank overdrafts classified as other liabilities

     (9     (296

Net cash and cash equivalents

     10,918        7,554   

 

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Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements of Aegon N.V. (unaudited)

Amounts in EUR millions, unless otherwise stated

Aegon N.V., incorporated and domiciled in the Netherlands, is a public limited liability company organized under Dutch law and recorded in the Commercial Register of The Hague under number 27076669 and with its registered address at Aegonplein 50, 2591 TV, The Hague, the Netherlands. Aegon N.V. serves as the holding company for the Aegon Group and has listings of its common shares in Amsterdam and New York.

Aegon N.V. (or ‘the Company’) and its consolidated subsidiaries (‘Aegon’ or ‘the Group’) have life insurance and pensions operations in over twenty-five countries in the Americas, Europe and Asia and are also active in savings and asset management operations, accident and health insurance, general insurance and to a limited extent banking operations. Its headquarters are located in The Hague, the Netherlands. The Group employs approximately 28,000 people worldwide.

1. Basis of presentation

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements as at, and for the six months ended, June 30, 2015, have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 “Interim Financial Reporting”, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (hereafter “IFRS”). They do not include all of the information required for a full set of financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS and should therefore be read together with the 2014 consolidated financial statements of Aegon N.V. as included in Aegon’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for 2014. Aegon’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for 2014 is available on its website (aegon.com).

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention as modified by the revaluation of investment properties and those financial instruments (including derivatives) and financial liabilities that have been measured at fair value. Certain amounts in prior periods may have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on net income, shareholders’ equity or earnings per share. The condensed consolidated interim financial statements as at, and for the six months ended, June 30, 2015, were approved by the Executive Board on August 12, 2015.

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements are presented in euro and all values are rounded to the nearest million unless otherwise stated. The consequence is that the rounded amounts may not add up to the rounded total in all cases.

The published figures in these condensed consolidated interim financial statements are unaudited.

Other than for SEC reporting purposes, Aegon prepares its Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements under International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union, including the decisions Aegon made with regard to the options available under International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the EU (IFRS-EU). IFRS-EU differs from IFRS in respect of certain paragraphs in IAS 39 ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement’ regarding hedge accounting for portfolio hedges of interest rate risk. Under IFRS-EU, Aegon applies fair value hedge accounting for portfolio hedges of interest rate risk (fair value macro hedges) in accordance with the EU ‘carve out’ version of IAS 39. Under IFRS, hedge accounting for fair value macro hedges cannot be applied to mortgage loans and ineffectiveness arises whenever the revised estimate of the amount of cash flows in scheduled time buckets is either more or less than the original designated amount of that bucket.

 

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This information is prepared by reversing the hedge accounting impacts that are applied under the EU ‘carve out’ version of IAS 39. Financial information under IFRS accordingly does not take account of the possibility that had Aegon applied IFRS as its primary accounting framework it might have applied alternative hedge strategies where those alternative hedge strategies could have qualified for IFRS compliant hedge accounting. These decisions could have resulted in different shareholders’ equity and net income amounts compared to those indicated in this Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements on Form 6-K.

A reconciliation between IFRS and IFRS-EU is included in the table below:

 

      Shareholders’ Equity     Net income six month ended  

EUR millions

   Jun 30, 2015     Dec 31, 2014     YTD 2015     YTD 2014  

In accordance with IFRS

     24,873        23,957        828        522   

Adjustment of EU ‘IAS 39’ carve out

     223        434        (212     275   

Tax effect of the adjustment

     (48     (98     50        (62

Effect of the adjustment after tax

     174        336        (162     213   

In accordance with IFRS-EU

     25,047        24,293        666        735   

2. Significant accounting policies

All accounting policies and methods of computation applied in the condensed consolidated interim financial statements are the same as those applied in the 2014 consolidated financial statements.

New IFRS accounting standards effective

The following standards, interpretations, amendments to standards and interpretations became effective in 2015:

 

 

IAS 19 Employee Benefits - Amendment Employee Contributions;

 

 

Annual improvements 2010-2012 Cycle; and

 

 

Annual improvements 2011-2013 Cycle.

None of these revised standards and interpretations had a significant effect on the condensed consolidated interim financial statements as at and for the period ended June 30, 2015.

For a complete overview of IFRS standards, published before January 1, 2015, that will be applied in future years, and were not early adopted by the Group, please refer to Aegon’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for 2014.

Taxes

Taxes on income for the six months interim period, ending June 30, 2015, are accrued using the tax rate that would be applicable to expected total annual earnings.

Judgments and critical accounting estimates

Preparing the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions, including the likelihood, timing or amount of future transactions or events, that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expense. Actual results may differ from the estimates made.

In preparing the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements, significant judgments made by management in applying the Group’s accounting policies and the key sources of estimating uncertainty were not significantly different than those that were applied to the consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended December 31, 2014.

 

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Exchange rates

Assets and liabilities are translated at the closing rates on the balance sheet date. Income, expenses and capital transactions (such as dividends) are translated at average exchange rates or at the prevailing rates on the transaction date, if more appropriate. The following exchange rates are applied for the condensed consolidated interim financial statements:

Closing exchange rates

                         USD         GBP   

June 30, 2015

     1             EUR                     1.1142                         0.7085   

December 31, 2014

     1             EUR                     1.2101                         0.7760   

Weighted average exchange rates

                         USD         GBP   

Six months ended June 30, 2015

     1             EUR                     1.1162                         0.7322   

Six months ended June 30, 2014

     1             EUR                     1.3704                         0.8212   

Aegon Funding Company LLC

Aegon Funding Company LLC (AFC) is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Aegon that was established as a financing vehicle to raise funds for the US subsidiaries of Aegon. AFC has been fully consolidated in the financial statements of Aegon under IFRS. If AFC issues debt securities, Aegon will fully and unconditionally guarantee the due and punctual payment of the principal, any premium and any interest on those debt securities when and as these payments become due and payable, whether at maturity, upon redemption or declaration of acceleration, or otherwise. The guarantees of senior debt securities will constitute an unsecured, unsubordinated obligation of Aegon and will rank equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of Aegon. The guarantees of subordinated debt securities will constitute an unsecured obligation of Aegon and will be subordinated in right of payment to all senior indebtedness of Aegon.

3. Segment information

Aegon conducts its operations through five primary reporting segments:

 

 

1.

Aegon Americas: Covers business units in the United States, Canada, Brazil and Mexico, including any of the units’ activities located outside these countries;

 

 

2.

Aegon the Netherlands: Covers businesses operating in the Netherlands;

 

 

3.

Aegon UK: Covers businesses operating in the United Kingdom;

 

 

4.

New Markets: Covers businesses operating in Central & Eastern Europe; Asia, Spain and Portugal, as well as Aegon’s variable annuities activities in Europe and Aegon Asset Management that are aggregated as one reportable segment due to their respective size;

 

 

5.

Holding and other activities: Includes financing, employee and other administrative expenses of holding companies.

These segments are based on the business as presented in internal reports that are regularly reviewed by the Executive Board which is regarded as the chief operating decision maker.

 

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Aegon’s segment information is prepared by consolidating on a proportionate basis Aegon’s joint ventures and associated companies.

Performance Measure

A performance measure of reporting segments utilized by the Company is underlying earnings before tax. Underlying earnings before tax reflects Aegon’s profit from underlying business operations and excludes components that relate to accounting mismatches that are dependent on market volatility or relate to events that are considered outside the normal course of business.

Aegon believes that its performance measure underlying earnings before tax provides meaningful information about the underlying results of Aegon’s business, including insight into the financial measures that Aegon’s senior management uses in managing the business. Among other things, Aegon’s senior management is compensated based in part on Aegon’s results against targets using underlying earnings before tax. While many other insurers in Aegon’s peer group present substantially similar performance measures, the performance measures presented in this document may nevertheless differ from the performance measures presented by other insurers. There is no standardized meaning to these measures under IFRS or any other recognized set of accounting standards.

The reconciliation from underlying earnings before tax to income before tax, being the most comparable IFRS measure, is presented in the tables in this note.

The items that are excluded from underlying earnings before tax as described further below are: fair value items, realized gain or losses on investments, impairment charges/reversals, other income or charges, run-off businesses and share in earnings of joint ventures and associates.

Fair value items

Fair value items include the over- or underperformance of investments and guarantees held at fair value for which the expected long-term return is included in underlying earnings before tax. Changes to these long-term return assumptions are also included in the fair value items.

In addition, hedge ineffectiveness on hedge transactions, fair value changes on economic hedges without natural offset in earnings and for which no hedge accounting is applied and fair value movements on real estate are included under fair value items.

Certain assets held by Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK are carried at fair value and managed on a total return basis, with no offsetting changes in the valuation of related liabilities. These include assets such as investments in hedge funds, private equities, real estate (limited partnerships), convertible bonds and structured products. Underlying earnings before tax exclude any over- or underperformance compared to management’s long-term expected return on assets. Based on current holdings and asset returns, the long-term expected return on an annual basis is 8-10%, depending on asset class, including cash income and market value changes. The expected earnings from these asset classes are net of deferred policy acquisition costs (DPAC) where applicable.

In addition, certain products offered by Aegon Americas contain guarantees and are reported on a fair value basis, including the segregated funds offered by Aegon Canada and the total return annuities and guarantees on variable annuities of Aegon USA. The earnings on these products are impacted by movements in equity markets and risk-free interest rates. Short-term developments in the financial markets may therefore cause volatility in earnings. Included in underlying earnings before tax is a long-term expected return on these products and excluded is any over- or underperformance compared to management’s expected return.

 

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The fair value movements of certain guarantees and the fair value change of derivatives that hedge certain risks on these guarantees of Aegon the Netherlands and Variable Annuities Europe (included in New Markets) are excluded from underlying earnings before tax, and the long-term expected return for these guarantees is set at zero.

Holding and other activities include certain issued bonds that are held at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL). The interest rate risk on these bonds is hedged using swaps. The fair value movement resulting from changes in Aegon’s credit spread used in the valuation of these bonds are excluded from underlying earnings before tax and reported under fair value items.

Realized gains or losses on investments

Includes realized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, mortgage loans and other loan portfolios.

Impairment charges/reversals

Impairment charges include impairments on available-for-sale debt securities, shares including the effect of deferred policyholder acquisition costs, mortgage loans and other loan portfolios at amortized cost, joint ventures and associates. Impairment reversals include reversals on available-for-sale debt securities.

Other income or charges

Other income or charges is used to report any items which cannot be directly allocated to a specific line of business. Also items that are outside the normal course of business are reported under this heading.

Other charges include restructuring charges that are considered other charges for segment reporting purposes because they are outside the normal course of business. In the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, these charges are included in operating expenses.

Run-off businesses

Includes underlying results of business units where management has decided to exit the market and to run-off the existing block of business. Currently, this line includes results related to the run-off of the institutional spread-based business, structured settlements blocks of business, bank-owned and corporate-owned life insurance (BOLI/COLI) business, and the sale of the life reinsurance business in the United States. Aegon has other blocks of business for which sales have been discontinued and of which the earnings are included in underlying earnings before tax.

Share in earnings of joint ventures and associates

Earnings from Aegon’s joint ventures in the Netherlands, Mexico, Spain, Portugal, China and Japan and Aegon’s associates in India, Brazil, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Mexico and France are reported on an underlying earnings before tax basis.

 

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3.1 Income statement

 

EUR millions    Americas    

The

Netherlands

   

United

Kingdom

   

New

Markets

    Holding and
other
activities
    Eliminations    

Segment

Total

    Joint
ventures
and
associates
eliminations
    Consolidated  

Six months ended June 30, 2015

                      
     

Underlying earnings before tax geographically

     648        267        72        113        (83     (1     1,018        3        1,020   

Fair value items

     (379     246        (30     (8     (69     -        (239     (16     (255

Realized gains / (losses) on investments

     (54     241        56        9        -        -        252        (5     247   

Impairment charges

     (21     (11     -        (1     -        -        (32     -        (32

Impairment reversals

     26        3        -        -        -        -        28        -        28   

Other income / (charges)

     -        (22     10        -        -        -        (11     -        (11

Run-off businesses

     11        -        -        -        -        -        11        -        11   

Income/ (loss) before tax

     230        725        109        114        (152     (1     1,026        (18     1,007   

Income tax (expense) / benefit

     (4     (168     (16     (46     37        -        (198     18        (180

Net income/ (loss)

     226        557        93        67        (115     (1     828        -        828   

Inter-segment underlying earnings

     (110     (27     (33     164        6               
     

Revenues

                      

Life insurance gross premiums

     3,443        1,413        2,890        1,372        2        (51     9,069        (219     8,851   

Accident and health insurance

     1,135        166        25        96        3        (3     1,421        (12     1,410   

General insurance

     -        279        -        122        -        -        401        (39     362   

Total gross premiums

     4,578        1,858        2,915        1,590        5        (54     10,892        (270     10,622   

Investment income

     1,826        1,185        1,235        142        192        (192     4,388        (28     4,360   

Fee and commission income

     849        172        21        403        -        (138     1,307        (100     1,208   

Other revenues

     7        -        -        4        2        -        14        (5     9   

Total revenues

     7,260        3,216        4,171        2,139        199        (384     16,601        (402     16,199   

Inter-segment revenues

     12        1        -        176        195                                   

 

EUR millions    Americas     The
Netherlands
    United
Kingdom
    New
Markets
    Holding and
other
activities
    Eliminations     Segment
Total
    Joint
ventures
and
associates
eliminations
    Consolidated  

Six months ended June 30, 2014

                      
     

Underlying earnings before tax geographically

     633        259        58        123        (63     1        1,012        (8     1,004   

Fair value items

     (167     (443     (16     8        (36     -        (654     5        (649

Realized gains / (losses) on investments

     60        131        113        4        -        -        308        (1     306   

Impairment charges

     (12     (9     -        (24     -        -        (45     -        (45

Impairment reversals

     31        4        -        -        -        -        35        -        35   

Other income / (charges)

     (8     (8     (2     (1     (1     -        (20     (1     (21

Run-off businesses

     13        -        -        -        -        -        13        -        13   

Income/ (loss) before tax

     550        (65     154        109        (101     1        649        (5     644   

Income tax (expense) / benefit

     (115     26        (36     (32     29        -        (127     5        (122

Net income/ (loss)

     435        (38     118        77        (71     1        522        -        522   

Inter-segment underlying earnings

     (83     (29     (28     130        10               
     

Revenues

                      

Life insurance gross premiums

     3,026        2,039        2,391        859        1        (36     8,280        (173     8,107   

Accident and health insurance

     871        170        29        90        2        (2     1,160        (9     1,151   

General insurance

     -        290        -        114        -        -        404        (38     367   

Total gross premiums

     3,897        2,498        2,420        1,064        3        (38     9,844        (220     9,625   

Investment income

     1,601        1,320        1,072        113        158        (156     4,108        (20     4,088   

Fee and commission income

     641        158        20        290        -        (113     995        (42     953   

Other revenues

     1        -        -        1        2        -        4        (1     3   

Total revenues

     6,140        3,976        3,512        1,468        163        (308     14,952        (283     14,669   

Inter-segment revenues

     8        -        -        141        159                                   

 

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3.2 Investments geographically

Amounts included in the tables on investments geographically are presented on an IFRS-basis.

 

                                                     EUR millions (unless otherwise stated)  

Americas

USD millions

    

United

Kingdom

GBP millions

    June 30, 2015    Americas     

The

Netherlands

    

United

Kingdom

    

New

Markets

     Holding
& other
activities
     Eliminations      Total
EUR
 
          Investments                         
  739           108        Shares      663          153          153          49          130          (1)         1,148    
  73,175           9,612        Debt securities      65,675          23,612          13,566          5,026                          107,878    
  10,729           -        Loans      9,629          27,564                  446          78                  37,718    
  10,286           289        Other financial assets      9,231          346          408          27          99                  10,110    
  846           -        Investments in real estate      759          1,118                                          1,879    
  95,774           10,009         Investments general account      85,957          52,793          14,128          5,549          307          (1)         158,733    
  -           12,981        Shares              9,225          18,322          283                  (10)         27,821    
  5,500           9,269        Debt securities      4,936          18,101          13,083          217                          36,338    
  107,490           23,123        Unconsolidated investment funds      96,473                  32,637          6,891                          136,000    
  25           2,893        Other financial assets      22          374          4,083          19                          4,499    
  -           882        Investments in real estate                      1,245                          -         1,245    
  113,015           49,149         Investments for account of policyholders      101,431          27,700          69,371          7,410                  (10)         205,903    
       
  208,788           59,159         Investments on balance sheet      187,389          80,493          83,498          12,960          307          (11)         364,637    
  175,691           540         Off balance sheet investments third parties      157,684          831          762          120,881                          280,158    
  384,480           59,698         Total revenue generating investments      345,072          81,325          84,260          133,841          307          (11)         644,795    
       
          Investments                         
  79,419           9,800        Available-for-sale      71,279          22,779          13,832          5,021          18                  112,930    
  10,729           -        Loans      9,629          27,564                  446          78                  37,718    
  117,795           48,476        Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss      105,721          29,031          68,421          7,490          211          (11)         210,864    
  846           882        Investments in real estate      759          1,118          1,245                                  3,124    
  208,788           59,159         Total investments on balance sheet      187,389          80,493          83,498          12,960          307          (11)         364,637    
       
  10           -        Investments in joint ventures              803          -         739                          1,553    
  98           17        Investments in associates      88          21          24          122                          256    
  38,930           4,751        Other assets      34,940          29,346          6,706          4,341          35,411          (36,600)         74,144    
  247,827           63,927         Consolidated total assets      222,426          110,664          90,229          18,161          35,720          (36,611)         440,590    

 

                                                      EUR millions (unless otherwise stated)  

Americas

USD millions

    

United

Kingdom

GBP millions

     December 31, 2014    Americas     

The

Netherlands

    

United

Kingdom

    

New

Markets

     Holding &
other
activities
     Eliminations      Total
EUR
 
           Investments                         
  770           150         Shares      636          161          193          28          105          (1)         1,122    
  76,393           9,832         Debt securities      63,130          23,250          12,670          4,274                          103,324    
  11,117           -         Loans      9,187          26,618                  487          11                  36,303    
  11,914           267         Other financial assets      9,845          366          344          16          107                  10,678    
  873           -         Investments in real estate      721          1,069                                          1,792    
  101,067           10,249          Investments general account      83,519          51,463          13,208          4,806          224          (1)         153,219    
  -           13,287         Shares              9,487          17,122          420                  (10)         27,019    
  5,549           10,026         Debt securities      4,585          19,320          12,920          244                          37,070    
  104,704           22,769         Unconsolidated investment funds      86,525                  29,341          6,293                          122,159    
  34           2,851         Other financial assets      28          401          3,674          13                          4,117    
  -           855         Investments in real estate                      1,101                  -                 1,101    
  110,287           49,788          Investments for account of policyholders      91,138          29,209          64,159          6,971                  (10)         191,467    
       
  211,353           60,037          Investments on balance sheet      174,658          80,672          77,367          11,777          224          (11)         344,686    
  168,561           443          Off balance sheet investments third parties      139,295          868          570          72,474                          213,208    
  379,914           60,479          Total revenue generating investments      313,953          81,540          77,937          84,251          224          (11)         557,894    
       
           Investments                         
  84,527           9,998         Available-for-sale      69,851          23,197          12,884          4,284          12                  110,229    
  11,117           -         Loans      9,187          26,618                  487          11                  36,303    
  114,836           49,184         Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss      94,898          29,788          63,381          7,005          200          (11)         195,261    
  873           855         Investments in real estate      721          1,069          1,101                                  2,893     
  211,353           60,037          Total investments on balance sheet      174,658          80,672          77,367          11,777          224          (11)         344,686    
       
  11           -         Investments in joint ventures              789                  670                          1,468    
  110           18         Investments in associates      91          19          24                                  140    
  39,994           4,740         Other assets      33,050          34,737          6,108          4,067          36,448          (36,238)         78,172    
  251,468           64,795          Consolidated total assets      207,808          116,217          83,498          16,519          36,674          (36,249)         424,467    

 

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4. Premium income and premiums paid to reinsurers

 

                        
EUR millions          YTD 2015      YTD 2014  
   

Gross

          

Life

        8,851          8,107    

Non-Life

          1,771          1,518    

Total

          10,622           9,625     
   

Reinsurance  1

          

Life

        1,298          1,319    

Non-Life

          138          152    

Total

          1,436           1,471     

1  Premiums paid to reinsurers are recorded within Benefits and expenses in the income statement.

5. Investment income

 

                        
EUR millions          YTD 2015      YTD 2014  
   

Interest income

        3,538          3,379    

Dividend income

        754          642    

Rental income

          68          67    

Total investment income

          4,360           4,088     
   

Investment income related to general account

        3,032          2,801    

Investment income for account of policyholders

          1,328          1,287    

Total

          4,360           4,088     

6. Results from financial transactions

 

                        
EUR millions          YTD 2015      YTD 2014  
   

Net fair value change of general account financial investments at FVTPL other than derivatives

        48          161    

Realized gains /(losses) on financial investments

        268          307    

Gains /(losses) on investments in real estate

        17          (14)   

Net fair value change of derivatives

        (405)         60    

Net fair value change on for account of policyholder financial assets at FVTPL

        3,011          5,867    

Net fair value change on investments in real estate for account of policyholders

        14          28    

Net foreign currency gains /(losses)

        (28)         (12)   

Net fair value change on borrowings and other financial liabilities

        12          (4)   

Realized gains /(losses) on repurchased debt

                    

Total

          2,937           6,397     

The decrease of the net fair value change on for account of policyholder financial assets at FVTPL in Q2 2015 compared to Q2 2014 is mainly driven by interest rates and equity markets movements.

Net fair value change on for accounts of policyholder financial assets at FVTPL is offset by amounts in the Claims and benefits line reported in note 7 - Benefits and expenses.

 

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7. Benefits and expenses

 

                       
EUR millions          YTD 2015     YTD 2014  
   

Claims and benefits

        17,867        20,338   

Employee expenses

        1,125        982   

Administration expenses

        612        552   

Deferred expenses

        (795     (656

Amortization charges

          657        493   

Total

          19,466        21,708   

Claims and benefits includes claims and benefits in excess of account value for products for which deposit accounting is applied, and the change in valuation of liabilities for insurance and investment contracts. In addition, commissions and expenses and premiums paid to reinsurers are included. Claims and benefits fluctuate mainly as a result of changes in technical provisions resulting from fair value changes on for account of policyholder financial assets included in Results from financial transactions (note 6).

8. Impairment charges/(reversals)

 

                        
EUR millions          YTD 2015      YTD 2014  
   

Impairment charges / (reversals) comprise:

          

Impairment charges on financial assets, excluding receivables  1

        35          49    

Impairment reversals on financial assets, excluding receivables  1

        (28)         (35)   

Impairment charges / (reversals) on non-financial assets and receivables

                    

Total

                  16    
   

Impairment charges on financial assets, excluding receivables, from:

          

Shares

                  

Debt securities and money market instruments

        17          12    

Loans

          15          35    

Total

          35          49    
   

Impairment reversals on financial assets, excluding receivables, from:

          

Debt securities and money market instruments

        (24)         (29)   

Loans

          (4)         (5)   

Total

          (28)         (35)   

1 Impairment charges / (reversals) on financial assets, excluding receivables, are excluded from underlying earnings before tax for segment reporting (refer to note 3).

9. Intangible assets

 

                  
EUR millions    Jun. 30, 2015      Dec. 31, 2014  
     

Goodwill

     228          216    

VOBA

     1,653          1,546    

Future servicing rights

     267          255    

Software

     58          50    

Other

     10            

Total intangible assets

     2,216          2,073    

 

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Intangible assets, except for goodwill, are predominantly impacted by periodic amortization of balances and changes in exchange rates.

10. Investments

 

                                                           
                    
EUR millions    Jun. 30, 2015      Dec. 31, 2014  
     

Available-for-sale (AFS)

     112,930           110,229     

Loans

     37,718           36,303     

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

     6,206           4,895     

Financial assets, for general account, excluding derivatives

     156,854            151,427      

Investments in real estate

     1,879           1,792     

Total investments for general account, excluding derivatives

     158,733            153,219      

 

                                                                       

Total financial assets, excluding derivatives

 

                               
      AFS      FVTPL      Loans      Total  

 

Shares

     636         512         -         1,148   

Debt securities

     105,182         2,696         -         107,878   

Money market and other short-term investments

     5,795         553         -         6,348   

Mortgages loans

     -         -         32,616         32,616   

Private loans

     -         -         2,626         2,626   

Deposits with financial institutions

     -         -         105         105   

Policy loans

     -         -         2,166         2,166   

Other

     1,317         2,445         206         3,968   

June 30, 2015

     112,930          6,206          37,718          156,854    
   
      AFS      FVTPL      Loans      Total  

 

Shares

     623         499         -         1,122   

Debt securities

     101,498         1,826         -         103,324   

Money market and other short-term investments

     6,799         500         -         7,299   

Mortgages loans

     -         -         31,729         31,729   

Private loans

     -         -         2,058         2,058   

Deposits with financial institutions

     -         -         349         349   

Policy loans

     -         -         2,028         2,028   

Other

     1,310         2,070         139         3,519   

December 31, 2014

     110,229          4,895          36,303          151,427    

11. Investments for account of policyholders

 

                                                           
                    
EUR millions    Jun. 30, 2015      Dec. 31, 2014  
     

Shares

     27,821           27,019     

Debt securities

     36,338           37,070     

Money market and short-term investments

     1,684           795     

Deposits with financial institutions

     2,431           2,908     

Unconsolidated investment funds

     136,000           122,159     

Other

     384           415     

Total investments for account of policyholders at fair value through profit or loss, excluding derivatives

     204,658            190,366      

Investment in real estate

     1,245           1,101     

Total investments for account of policyholders

     205,903            191,467      

12. Derivatives

The movements in derivative balances mainly result from changes in interest rates and other market movements during the period.

 

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13. Fair value

The following tables provide an analysis of financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis by level of the fair value hierarchy:

 

 

Fair value hierarchy

 

                               

 

EUR millions

   Level I      Level II      Level III      Total  

 

As at June 30, 2015

               

 

 Financial assets carried at fair value

               

 Available-for-sale investments

               

Shares

     22           314           300           636     

Debt securities

     28,203           72,848           4,131           105,182     

Money markets and other short-term instruments

     -           5,795           -           5,795     

Other investments at fair value

     33           348           936           1,317     

 Total Available-for-sale investments

     28,258            79,305            5,368            112,930      

 

 Fair value through profit or loss

               

Shares

     263           249           -           512     

Debt securities

     17           2,671           8           2,696     

Money markets and other short-term instruments

     81           472           -            553     

Other investments at fair value

     2           1,245           1,198           2,445     

Investments for account of policyholders  1

     124,158             78,787           1,713           204,658     

Derivatives

     40           21,722           175           21,937     

 Total Fair value through profit or loss

     124,560            105,147            3,095            232,801      

 Total financial assets at fair value

     152,818            184,452                8,462            345,732      

 

 Financial liabilities carried at fair value

               

Investment contracts for account of policyholders  2

     17,440           23,885           156           41,481     

Borrowings  3

     -           601           -           601     

Derivatives

     17           18,015           2,634           20,666     

 Total financial liabilities at fair value

     17,457            42,501            2,790            62,748      

    

                                   

 

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Fair value hierarchy

 

                              
EUR millions    Level I      Level II      Level III     Total  
   

As at December 31, 2014

            
   

 Financial assets carried at fair value

            

 Available-for-sale investments

            

Shares

     26           316           280          623     

Debt securities

     27,491           70,203           3,803          101,497     

Money markets and other short-term instruments

     -           6,799           -          6,799     

Other investments at fair value

     31           345           934          1,310     

 Total Available-for-sale investments

     27,548            77,662            5,018           110,229      

 

Fair value through profit or loss

            

Shares

     217           282           -          499     

Debt securities

     48           1,761           17          1,826     

Money markets and other short-term instruments

     95           405           -          500     

Other investments at fair value

     1           832           1,237          2,070     

Investments for account of policyholders 1

     114,490           73,919           1,956          190,366     

Derivatives

     52           27,642           320          28,014     

 Total Fair value through profit or loss

     114,903            104,842                3,530           223,275      

 Total financial assets at fair value

     142,451            182,504            8,548           333,503      

 

 Financial liabilities carried at fair value

                                  

Investment contracts for account of policyholders 2

     15,371           22,683           165          38,220     

Borrowings 3

     -           571           -          571     

Derivatives

     31           23,007           3,010          26,048     

 Total financial liabilities at fair value

     15,403            46,261            3,175           64,839      

1 The investments for account of policyholders included in the table above represents only those investments carried at fair value through profit or loss.

2 The investment contracts for account of policyholders included in the table above represents only those investment contracts carried at fair value.

3 Total borrowings on the statement of financial position contain borrowings carried at amortized cost that are not included in the above schedule.

Significant transfers between Level I, Level II and Level III

Aegon’s policy is to record transfers of assets and liabilities between Level I, Level II and Level III at their fair values as of the beginning of each reporting period.

The table below shows transfers between Level I and II for financial assets and financial liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis during the six-month period ended June 30, 2015.

 

 

Fair value transfers

                               
EUR millions    YTD 2015      Full Year 2014  
      Transfers
Level I to
Level II
     Transfers
Level II to
Level I
     Transfers
Level I to
Level II
     Transfers
Level II to
Level I
 

Financial assets carried at fair value Available-for-sale investments

               

 Available-for-sale investments

               

Debt securities

     8           39           -           45     

 Total

     8            39            -           45      

 Fair value through profit or loss

               

Shares

     -           39           -           -     

Investments for account of policyholders

     -           196           163           1     

 Total

     -            235            163            1      

 Total financial assets at fair value

     8            274            163            46      

Transfers are identified based on transaction volume and frequency, which are indicative of an active market.

 

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Movements in Level III financial instruments measured at fair value

The following table summarizes the change of all assets and liabilities measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (‘Level III’), including realized and unrealized gains (losses) of all assets and liabilities and unrealized gains (losses) of all assets and liabilities still held at the end of the respective period.

 

 

Roll forward of Level III financial instruments

 

  

EUR millions   

January 1,

2015

     Total gains /
losses in
income
statement 1
    Total gains
/ losses in
OCI 2
     Purchases      Sales      Settlements      Net
exchange
differences
     Reclassification      Transfers
from Level I
and Level II
     Transfers to
Level I and
Level II
    

June 30,

2015

    

 

Total unrealized
gains and losses for
the period recorded
in the P&L for
instruments held at
June 30, 2015 ³

 

  Financial assets carried at fair valueavailable-for-sale investments

                                    

 Shares

     280                 12          36          (49)                 12                                  300            

 Debt securities

     3,803          (4)        33          542          (161)         (76)         165                  110          (281)         4,131            

 Other investments at fair value

     934          (76)        (1)         55          (41)         (13)         78                                  936            
       5,018           (71)         44           633           (251)          (89)          255           -           110           (281)          5,368           -     
   

  Fair value through profit or loss

                                    

 Debt securities

     17                                                                         (9)                   

 Other investments at fair value

     1,237                         72          (194)                 106                  74          (97)         1,198            

 Investments for account of policyholders

     1,956          104                 193          (544)                 41                          (36)         1,713          86    

 Derivatives

     320          (210)                        48                  18                                  175          (211)   
       3,530           (105)         -           264           (691)          -           166           -           74           (143)         3,095           (121)    
   

  Financial liabilities carried at fair value

                                    

 Investment contracts for account of policyholders

     165                                 (29)                 11                          (5)         156            

 Derivatives

     3,010          (480)                                        98                                  2,634          (480)   
       3,175           (475)         -           9           (24)          -           110           -           -           (5)          2,790           (476)    
EUR millions   

January 1,

2014

    

Total gains /

losses in
income
statement 1

    Total gains
/ losses in
OCI 2
     Purchases      Sales      Settlements      Net
exchange
differences
     Reclassification      Transfers
from Level I
and Level II
     Transfers to
Level I and
Level II
    

June 30,

2014

     Total unrealized
gains and losses for
the period recorded
in the P&L for
instruments held at
June 30, 2014 ³
 

  Financial assets carried at fair valueavailable-for-sale investments

                                    
   

 Shares

     322          36        (14)         29          (101)                                         (1)         271            

 Debt securities

     3,162          13        79          665          (157)         (95)         12                  123          (503)         3,299            

 Other investments at fair value

     826          (51 )       (12)         72          (29)         (4)                         17                  824            
       4,310          (2 )       53           765           (287)          (99)          18           -           140           (503)          4,395           -     
   

  Fair value through profit or loss

                                    

 Debt securities

     17          1                20             (9)                                         30            

 Other investments at fair value

     1,217          49                16          (145)                                 64          (14)         1,195          49    

 Investments for account of policyholders

     1,989          45                224          (258)                                 98          (161)         1,947          42    

 Derivatives

     328          (62                     (14)                         44                          299          (79)   
       3,552          33         -           261           (417)          (9)          20           44           162           (175)          3,471           14     
   

  Financial liabilities carried at fair value

                                    

 Investment contracts for account of policyholders

     114                                                                            117            

 Derivatives

     1,431          421                         16                          44                          1,913          412    
       1,545          423          -           -           16           -           2           44           -           -           2,030           414     

1 Includes impairments and movements related to fair value hedges. Gains and losses are recorded in the line item results from financial transactions of the income statement.

2 Total gains and losses are recorded in line items Gains/ (losses) on revaluation of available-for-sale investments and (Gains)/ losses transferred to the income statement on disposal and impairment of available-for-sale investment of the statement of other comprehensive income.

3 Total gains / (losses) for the period during which the financial instrument was in Level III.

During the first six months of 2015, Aegon transferred certain financial instruments from Level II to Level III of the fair value hierarchy. The reason for the change in level was that the market liquidity for these securities decreased, which led to a change in market observability of prices. Prior to transfer, the fair value for the Level II securities was determined using observable market transactions or corroborated broker quotes respectively for the same or similar instruments. The amount of assets and liabilities transferred to Level III was EUR 184 million (full year 2014: EUR 485 million). Since the transfer, all such assets have been valued using valuation models incorporating significant non market-observable inputs or uncorroborated broker quotes.

Similarly, during the first six months of 2015, Aegon transferred EUR 429 million (full year 2014: EUR 712 million) of financial instruments from Level III to other levels of the fair value hierarchy. The change in level was mainly the result of a return of activity in the market for these securities and that for these securities the fair value could be determined using observable market transactions or corroborated broker quotes for the same or similar instruments.

 

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The table below presents information about the significant unobservable inputs used for recurring fair value measurements for certain Level III financial instruments.

 

 

Overview of significant unobservable inputs

 

  

EUR millions   

 

Carrying amount
June 30, 2015

    Valuation technique 1     

 

Significant unobservable
input 2

     Range (weighted average)  

  Financial assets carried at fair value available-for-sale investments

            

 Shares

     159         Broker quote          n.a.          n.a.    
       141         Other          n.a.          n.a.    
       300                               

 

 Debt securities

            
       3,548         Broker quote          n.a.          n.a.    
       214         Discounted cash flow          Credit spread          1.65% - 3.46% (2.69%)    
       369         Other          n.a.          n.a.    
       4,131                               

 

Other investments at fair value

            

Tax credit investments

     777         Discounted cash flow          Discount rate          8.44%    

Investment funds

     112         Net asset value          n.a.          n.a.    

Other

     47         Other          n.a.          n.a.    

 June 30, 2015

     936                               

    

                                  
   

 Fair value through profit or loss

            

Debt securities

            Other          n.a.          n.a.    
       8                               

 

 Other investments at fair value

            

Investment funds

     1,192         Net asset value          n.a.          n.a.    

Other

            Other          n.a.          n.a.    

    

     1,198                               

 

Derivatives 3

            
   

Longevity swap

     104         Discounted cash flow          Mortality          n.a.    

Other

     (36 )       Other          n.a.          n.a.    

 June 30, 2015

     68                               

    

                                  
   

 Financial liabilities carried at fair value

            

Derivatives

            

Embedded derivatives in insurance contracts

     2,431         Discounted cash flow          Credit spread          0.30% - 0.35% (0.32%)    

Other

     203         Other          n.a.          n.a.    

 Total financial liabilities at fair value

     2,634                               

1 Other in the table above (column Valuation technique) includes investments for which the fair value is uncorroborated and no broker quote is received.

2 Not applicable (n.a.) has been included when no significant unobservable assumption has been identified and used.

3 Investments for account of policyholders are excluded from the table above and from the disclosure regarding reasonably possible alternative assumptions. Policyholder assets, and their returns, belong to policyholders and do not impact Aegon’s net income or equity. The effect on total assets is offset by the effect on total liabilities. Derivatives exclude derivatives for account of policyholders amounting to EUR 107 million.

The description of Aegon’s methods of determining fair value is included in Aegon’s Annual Report on Form 20-F 2014. For reference purposes, the valuation techniques included in the table above are described in more detail on the following pages.

Shares

When available, Aegon uses quoted market prices in active markets to determine the fair value of its investments in shares. Fair values for unquoted shares are estimated using observations of the price/earnings or price/cash flow ratios of quoted companies considered comparable to the companies being valued. Valuations are adjusted to account for company-specific issues and the lack of liquidity inherent in an unquoted investment. Adjustments for illiquidity are generally based on available market evidence. In addition, a variety of other factors are reviewed by management, including, but not limited to, current operating performance, changes in market outlook and the third-party financing environment.

Available-for-sale shares include shares in a Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) for an amount of EUR 117 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 107 million) that are measured at par, which are reported as part of Other in the column Valuation technique. A FHLB has implicit financial support from the United States government. The redemption value of the shares is fixed at par and they can only be redeemed by the FHLB.

 

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Debt securities

Aegon’s portfolio of debt securities can be subdivided in Residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS), Commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), Asset-backed securities (ABS), Corporate bonds and Sovereign debt. Below relevant details in the valuation methodology for these specific types of debt securities are described.

Valuations of RMBS, CMBS and ABS are monitored and reviewed on a monthly basis. Valuations per asset type are based on a pricing hierarchy which uses a waterfall approach that starts with market prices from indices and follows with third-party pricing services or brokers. The pricing hierarchy is dependent on the possibilities of corroboration of the market prices. If no market prices are available, Aegon uses internal models to determine fair value. Significant inputs included in the internal models are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate comparisons to instruments with similar collateral and risk profiles. Market standard models may be used to model the specific collateral composition and cash flow structure of each transaction.

Valuations of corporate bonds are monitored and reviewed on a monthly basis. The pricing hierarchy is dependent on the possibility of corroboration of market prices when available. If no market prices are available, valuations are determined by a discounted cash flow methodology using an internally calculated yield. The yield is comprised of a credit spread over a given benchmark. In all cases, the benchmark is an observable input. The credit spread contains both observable and unobservable inputs. Aegon starts by taking an observable credit spread from a similar bond of the given issuer, and then adjusts this spread based on unobservable inputs. These unobservable inputs may include subordination, liquidity and maturity differences. The weighted average credit spread used in valuation of corporate bonds has increased to 2.69% (December 31, 2014: 2.67%).

If available, Aegon uses quoted market prices in active markets to determine the fair value of its sovereign debt investments. If Aegon cannot make use of quoted market prices, market prices from indices or quotes from third-party pricing services or brokers are used.

Tax credit investments

The fair value of tax credit investments is determined by using a discounted cash flow valuation technique. This valuation technique takes into consideration projections of future capital contributions and distributions, as well as future tax credits and the tax benefits of future operating losses. The present value of these cash flows is calculated by applying a discount rate. In general, the discount rate is determined based on the cash outflows for the investments and the cash inflows from the tax credits/tax benefits (and the timing of those cash flows). These inputs are unobservable in the market place. The discount rate used in valuation of tax credit investments has decreased to 8.4% (December 31, 2014: 8.5%).

Investment funds

Investment funds include real estate funds, private equity funds and hedge funds. The fair values of investments held in non-quoted investment funds are determined by management after taking into consideration information provided by the fund managers. Aegon reviews the valuations each month and performs analytical procedures and trending analyses to ensure the fair values are appropriate.

 

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Derivatives

Where quoted market prices are not available, other valuation techniques, such as option pricing or stochastic modeling, are applied. The valuation techniques incorporate all factors that a typical market participant would consider and are based on observable market data when available. Models are validated before they are used and calibrated to ensure that outputs reflect actual experience and comparable market prices.

Fair values for exchange-traded derivatives, principally futures and certain options, are based on quoted market prices in active markets. Fair values for over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivatives represent amounts estimated to be received from or paid to a third party in settlement of these instruments. These derivatives are valued using pricing models based on the net present value of estimated future cash flows, directly observed prices from exchange-traded derivatives, other OTC trades, or external pricing services. Most valuations are derived from swap and volatility matrices, which are constructed for applicable indices and currencies using current market data from many industry standard sources. Option pricing is based on industry standard valuation models and current market levels, where applicable. The pricing of complex or illiquid instruments is based on internal models or an independent third party. For long-dated illiquid contracts, extrapolation methods are applied to observed market data in order to estimate inputs and assumptions that are not directly observable. To value OTC derivatives, management uses observed market information, other trades in the market and dealer prices.

Some OTC derivatives are so-called longevity derivatives. The payout of longevity derivatives is linked to publicly available mortality tables. The derivatives are measured using the present value of the best estimate of expected payouts of the derivative plus a risk margin. The best estimate of expected payouts is determined using best estimate of mortality developments. Aegon determined the risk margin by stressing the best estimate mortality developments to quantify the risk and applying a cost-of-capital methodology. The most significant unobservable input for these derivatives is the (projected) mortality development.

Aegon normally mitigates counterparty credit risk in derivative contracts by entering into collateral agreements where practical and in ISDA master netting agreements for each of the Group’s legal entities to facilitate Aegon’s right to offset credit risk exposure. Changes in the fair value of derivatives attributable to changes in counterparty credit risk were not significant.

Embedded derivatives in insurance contracts including guarantees

All bifurcated guarantees for minimum benefits in insurance and investment contracts are carried at fair value. These guarantees include guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (GMWB) in the United States, United Kingdom and Japan which are offered on some variable annuity products and are also assumed from a ceding company; minimum investment return guarantees on insurance products offered in the Netherlands, including group pension and traditional products; variable annuities sold in Europe and Japan.

Since the price of these guarantees is not quoted in any market, the fair values of these guarantees are based on discounted cash flows calculated as the present value of future expected payments to policyholders less the present value of assessed rider fees attributable to the guarantees. Given the complexity and long-term nature of these guarantees which are unlike instruments available in financial markets, their fair values are determined by using stochastic models under a variety of market return scenarios. A variety of factors are considered including credit spread, expected market rates of return, equity and interest rate volatility, correlations of market returns, discount rates and actuarial

 

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assumptions. The most significant unobservable factor is credit spread. The credit spread used in the valuations of embedded derivatives in insurance contracts increased to 0.32% (December 31, 2014: 0.30%).

The expected returns are based on risk-free rates. Aegon added a premium to reflect the credit spread as required. The credit spread is set by using the credit default swap (CDS) spreads of a reference portfolio of life insurance companies (including Aegon), adjusted to reflect the subordination of senior debt holders at the holding company level to the position of policyholders at the operating company level (who have priority in payments to other creditors). Aegon’s assumptions are set by region to reflect differences in the valuation of the guarantee embedded in the insurance contracts.

Since many of the assumptions are unobservable and are considered to be significant inputs to the liability valuation, the liability included in future policy benefits has been reflected within Level III of the fair value hierarchy.

Effect of reasonably possible alternative assumptions

The effect of changes in unobservable inputs on fair value measurement as reported in the 2014 consolidated financial statements of Aegon has not changed significantly as per June 30, 2015.

Fair value information about financial instruments not measured at fair value

The following table presents the carrying values and estimated fair values of financial assets and liabilities, excluding financial instruments which are carried at fair value on a recurring basis.

 

 

Fair value information about financial instruments not measured at fair value

 

EUR millions   

 

Carrying amount June 30,
2015

    

 

Total estimated fair value
June 30, 2015

    

 

Carrying amount
December 31, 2014

    

 

Total estimated fair value
December 31, 2014

 Assets

               

Mortgage loans - held at amortized cost

     32,616          36,646          31,729        36,692 

Private loans - held at amortized cost

     2,626          2,914          2,058        2,454 

Other loans - held at amortized cost

     2,477          2,477          2,516        2,516 
     

 Liabilities

               

Trust pass-through securities - held at amortized cost

     152          138          143        139 

Subordinated borrowings - held at amortized cost

     755          829          747        828 

Borrowings – held at amortized cost

     13,734          14,107          13,588        14,056 

Investment contracts - held at amortized cost

     16,720          17,234          14,985        15,492 

Financial instruments for which carrying value approximates fair value

Certain financial instruments that are not carried at fair value are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, due to their short-term nature and generally negligible credit risk. These instruments include cash and cash equivalents, short-term receivables and accrued interest receivable, short-term liabilities, and accrued liabilities. These instruments are not included in the table above.

14. Deferred expenses

 

                  
EUR millions    Jun. 30, 2015      Dec. 31, 2014
     

DPAC for insurance contracts and investment contracts with discretionary participation features

     11,030        9,523 

Deferred cost of reinsurance

     445        441 

Deferred transaction costs for investment management services

     455       

409 

Total deferred expenses

     11,930         10,373  

 

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15. Share capital

 

    

             

EUR millions

   Jun. 30, 2015      Dec. 31, 2014
     

Share capital - par value

     328        327 

Share premium

     8,162       

8,270 

Total share capital

     8,490         8,597  
     

Share capital - par value

         

Balance at January 1

     327        325 

Share dividend

          

Balance

     328         327  
     

Share premium

         

Balance at January 1

     8,270        8,375 

Share dividend

     (108)      

(106)

Balance

     8,162         8,270  

Basic and diluted earnings per share

 

    

             

EUR millions

   YTD 2015      YTD 2014
   

Earnings per share (EUR per share)

       

Basic earnings per common share

     0.36        0.21 

Basic earnings per common share B

     0.01        0.01 

Diluted earnings per common share

     0.36        0.21 

Diluted earnings per common share B

     0.01        0.01 
   

Earnings per share calculation

       

Net income attributable to equity holders of Aegon N.V.

     827        522 

Coupons on other equity instruments

     (68)       (83)

Earnings attributable to common shares and common shares B

     760        438 
   

Earnings attributable to common shareholders

     755        435 

Earnings attributable to common shareholders B

          
   

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (in millions)

     2,097        2,092 

Weighted average number of common shares B outstanding (in millions)

     582        579 

Diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the average number of shares outstanding for share options. During the six months ended June 30, 2015 and during 2014, the average share price did not exceed the exercise price of these options. As a result, diluted earnings per share do not differ from basic earnings per share.

Dividend

The Annual General Meeting of Shareholders on May 20, 2015, approved a final dividend for 2014 of EUR 0.12 per common share payable in either cash or stock related to the second half of 2014, paid in the first half of 2015. This results in a total dividend for the financial year 2014 of EUR 0.23 per common share. The cash dividend amounted to EUR 0.12 per common share, the stock dividend amounted to one new Aegon common share for every 55 common shares held. The stock dividend and cash dividend are approximately equal in value.

 

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Dividend paid on common shares B amounted to 1/40th of the dividend paid on common shares. 42% of shareholders elected to receive the stock dividend. The remaining 58% opted for cash dividend. The average share price calculated on this basis amounted to EUR 6.62. The stock dividend and the cash dividend are approximately equal in value.

Aegon executed a share buyback program to repurchase 16,279,933 common shares. Between June 17, 2015, and July 14, 2015, these common shares were repurchased at an average price of EUR 6.63 per share. This program neutralized the dilutive effect of the 2014 final dividend paid in shares. The repurchased shares will be held as treasury shares and will be used to cover future stock dividends.

At June 30, 2015, Aegon had repurchased 8,062,402 common shares at an average price of EUR 6.64. The liability for the repurchase of the remaining 8,217,531 shares, valued at the closing share price of EUR 6.59 at June 30, 2015, amounted to EUR 54 million.

16. Borrowings

 

    

             

EUR millions

   Jun. 30, 2015                  Dec. 31, 2014
     

Capital funding

     2,482        2,338 

Operational funding

     11,853       

11,821 

Total borrowings

     14,335         14,158  

Included in borrowings is EUR 601 million relating to borrowings measured at fair value (December 31, 2014: EUR 571 million).

Operational funding

During the first six months of 2015, Aegon redeemed EUR 1,500 million ECB LTRO with a floating coupon. On February 26, 2015, Aegon borrowed EUR 1,000 million under a new ECB LTRO program with a short-term life with a coupon of 0.05% (5bp).

17. Assets and liabilities held for sale

Canada

On October 15, 2014, Aegon reached an agreement to sell its Canadian operations for a total consideration of CAD 600 million (EUR 417 million). The transaction was closed on July 31, 2015 after obtaining regulatory approval. At June 30, 2015, the Canadian operations of Aegon continued to be classified as a disposal group held for sale. The sale resulted in a book loss (excluding valuation reserves) of approximately EUR 760 million, that will be recognized as a result on disposal in the third quarter.

The Canadian operations are included in the Americas segment (note 3).

La Mondiale Participations

La Mondiale Participations was classified as held for sale per December 31, 2014. On March 3, 2015, Aegon completed the sale and therefore La Mondiale Participations is no longer reported as held for sale.

 

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The table below presents the major types of assets and liabilities included in assets and liabilities classified as held for sale on the consolidated statement of financial position.

 

Statement of financial position entities held for sale

               
      Jun. 30,
2015
       Dec. 31,
2014

EUR millions

               

 

Assets

         

Intangible assets

     205          203 

Investments

     5,700          5,646 

Investments for account of policyholders

     1,508          1,496 

Investments in associates

             347 

Reinsurance assets

     1,022          1,015 

Deferred expenses

     863          853 

Other assets and receivables

     281          278 

Cash and cash equivalents

     45          43 

Total assets

     9,625           9,881  

 

Insurance contracts

     5,184          5,136 

Insurance contracts for account of policyholders

     1,385          1,375 

Investment contracts

     57          57 

Investment contracts for account of policyholders

     123          122 

Derivatives

     35          35 

Other liabilities

     1,097          1,086 

Total liabilities

     7,881           7,810  

As of June 30, 2015, there are EUR 481 million of unrealized gains relating to non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale included in other comprehensive income (December 31, 2014: EUR 477 million).

The fair value hierarchy of financial assets and liabilities (measured at fair value), which are presented as held for sale is included below. The fair value hierarchy consists of three levels. Reference is made to the annual report 2014, note 3 Critical accounting estimates and judgement in applying accounting policies, for more details on the fair value hierarchy.

 

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Fair value hierarchy

 

 

EUR millions

   Level I      Level II      Level III      Total

 

As at June 30, 2015

 

             

 Financial assets carried at fair value

             

 Available-for-sale investments

             

Debt securities

     1,721           2,193           63         3,976  

Money markets and other short-term instruments

     -           162           -         162  

Other investments at fair value

     -           -           1         1  

 Total Available-for-sale investments

     1,721            2,354            64          4,140   

 

 Fair value through profit or loss

             

Shares

     1,051           -           -         1,051  

Debt securities

     50           26           -         76  

Money markets and other short-term instruments

     -           315           -         315  

Investments for account of policyholders

     1,508           -           -         1,508  

 Total Fair value through profit or loss

     2,609            341            -          2,950   

 Total financial assets at fair value

     4,330            2,696            64          7,090   

 

 Financial liabilities carried at fair value

             

Investment contracts for account of policyholders

     123           -           -         123  

Derivatives

     -           1           34         35  

 Total financial liabilities at fair value

     123            1            34          157   

 

Fair value hierarchy

 

 

EUR millions

   Level I      Level II      Level III      Total

 

As at December 31, 2014

 

             

 Financial assets carried at fair value

             

 Available-for-sale investments

             

Debt securities

     1,706           2,168           62         3,937  

Money markets and other short-term instruments

     -           159           -         159  

Other investments at fair value

     -           -           1         1  

 Total Available-for-sale investments

     1,706            2,328            63          4,097   

 

 Fair value through profit or loss

             

Shares

     1,043           -           -         1,043  

Debt securities

     50           26           -         75  

Money markets and other short-term instruments

     -           313           -         313  

Investments for account of policyholders

     1,496           -           -         1,496  

 Total Fair value through profit or loss

     2,589            339            -          2,928   

 Total financial assets at fair value

     4,295            2,666            63          7,025   

 

 Financial liabilities carried at fair value

             

Investment contracts for account of policyholders

     122           -           -         122  

Derivatives

     -           1           34         35  

 Total financial liabilities at fair value

     122            1            34          156   

 

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18. Commitments and contingencies

On January 13, 2015, the Dutch court approved a request filed jointly by Aegon and BPHV to remove restrictions on the capital of the harbour workers’ former pension fund Optas. On April 21, 2015 the appeal period expired, after which Aegon made the agreed payment to BPHV of EUR 80 million and the restrictions on the capital were removed. In addition Aegon will contribute up to EUR 20 million to help mitigate the effect of an announced reduction in the tax-free pension allowance in the Netherlands.

There have been no other material changes in contingent assets and liabilities as reported in the 2014 consolidated financial statements of Aegon.

19. Acquisitions / divestments

Acquisitions

On June 4, 2015 Aegon completed a strategic asset management partnership with La Banque Postale. Under the terms of the agreement, Aegon has acquired a 25% stake in La Banque Postale Asset Management (LBPAM) for a consideration of EUR 117 million.

Divestments

On March 3, 2015, Aegon completed the sale of its 35% share in La Mondiale Participations following the granting of approval by the French Competition Authority (Autorité de la Concurrence). The agreement to sell Aegon’s stake in La Mondiale Participations to La Mondiale for EUR 350 million was announced on November 24, 2014. Proceeds from the sale were added to Aegon’s excess capital buffer, and increased the group’s Insurance Group Directive (IGD) solvency ratio by over 4 percentage points at the time of the sale.

20. Events after the balance sheet date

On July 10, 2015, Aegon announced that it has reached an agreement to sell Clark Consulting, its Bank-Owned Life Insurance (BOLI) distribution and servicing unit in the US, for an amount of USD 177.5 million (EUR 160 million). The transaction is expected to close in the third quarter of 2015, subject to regulatory approvals. The impact on net income from the sale of Clark Consulting is expected to be immaterial as tax benefits from the recognition of a tax loss largely offset the loss on sale.

On July 31, 2015, Aegon completed the sale of its Canadian life insurance business following regulatory approval. The agreement to sell Aegon’s Canadian life insurance business for an amount of CAD 600 million (EUR 417 million) was announced on October 16, 2014. The transaction results in a book loss of CAD 1,158 million (EUR 760 million), which will be recorded in the third quarter of 2015. Aegon has earmarked the proceeds of this transaction for the redemption of the USD 500 million 4.625% senior bond, due December 2015.

 

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ITEM 2: OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

2.1 Introduction

Aegon is committed to providing information on key factors that drive its business and affect its financial condition, results and value. Aegon’s disclosure practices have been developed over many years with due consideration of the needs and requirements of its stakeholders, including regulators, investors and research analysts. Aegon has substantive supplemental information in its annual and quarterly accounts to provide transparency of its financial results. Aegon has provided insight into its critical accounting policies and the methodologies Aegon applies to manage its risks. For a discussion of critical accounting policies see “Application of Critical Accounting Policies – IFRS Accounting Policies”. For a discussion of Aegon’s risk management methodologies see Item 11, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” as included in the Cross reference table Form 20-F in Aegon’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on March 20, 2015.

2.2 Application of Critical Accounting Policies - IFRS Accounting Policies

The Operating and Financial Review and Prospects are based upon Aegon’s consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IFRS). Application of the accounting policies in the preparation of the financial statements requires management to apply judgment involving assumptions and estimates concerning future results or other developments, including the likelihood, timing or amount of future transactions or events. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ materially from those estimates. Accounting policies that are critical to the financial statement presentation and that require complex estimates or significant judgment are described in the following sections.

The description of Aegon’s methods of determining fair value and fair value hierarchy is included in Aegon’s Annual Report on Form 20-F 2014 (i.e. note 3 and note 47 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements). For reference purposes, note 13 of the notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements in Item 1 includes more detail on the valuation techniques for certain Level III financial instruments.

i Valuation of assets and liabilities arising from life insurance contracts

The liability for life insurance contracts with guaranteed or fixed account terms is generally based on current assumptions or on the assumptions established at the inception of the contract. All contracts are subject to liability adequacy testing which reflects management’s current estimates of future cash flows (including investment returns). To the extent that the liability is based on current assumptions, a change in assumptions will have an immediate impact on the income statement. Also, if a change in assumption results in not passing the liability adequacy test, the entire deficiency is recognized in the income statement. To the extent that the deficiency relates to unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, the additional liability is recognized in the revaluation reserve in equity.

Some insurance contracts without a guaranteed or fixed contractual term contain guaranteed minimum benefits. Depending on the nature of the guarantee, it may either be bifurcated and presented as a derivative or be reflected in the value of the insurance liability in accordance with local accounting principles. Given the dynamic and complex nature of these guarantees, stochastic techniques under a variety of market return scenarios are often used for measurement purposes. Such models require management to make numerous estimates based on historical experience and market expectations. Changes in these estimates will immediately affect the income statement.

In addition, certain acquisition costs related to the sale of new policies and the purchase of policies already in force are recorded as DPAC and VOBA assets respectively, and are amortized to the income

 

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statement over time. If the assumptions relating to the future profitability of these policies are not realized, the amortization of these costs could be accelerated and may even require write-offs due to unrecoverability.

ii Actuarial and economic assumptions

The main assumptions used in measuring DPAC, VOBA and the liabilities for life insurance contracts with fixed or guaranteed terms relate to mortality, morbidity, investment return and future expenses. Depending on local accounting principles, surrender rates may be considered.

Mortality tables applied are generally developed based on a blend of company experience and industry wide studies, taking into consideration product characteristics, own risk selection criteria, target market and past experience. Mortality experience is monitored through regular studies, the results of which are fed into the pricing cycle for new products and reflected in the liability calculation when appropriate. For contracts insuring survivorship, allowance may be made for further longevity improvements. Morbidity assumptions are based on own claims severity and frequency experience, adjusted where appropriate for industry information.

Investment assumptions are prescribed by the local regulator, market observable or based on management’s future expectations. In the latter case, the anticipated future investment returns are set by management on a countrywide basis, considering available market information and economic indicators. A significant assumption related to estimated gross profits on variable annuities and variable life insurance products in the United States and some of the smaller countries, is the annual long-term growth rate of the underlying assets. The reconsideration of this assumption may affect the original DPAC or VOBA amortization schedule, referred to as DPAC or VOBA unlocking. The difference between the original DPAC or VOBA amortization schedule and the revised schedule, which is based on estimates of actual and future gross profits, is recognized in the income statement as an expense or a benefit in the period of determination.

Assumptions on future expenses are based on the current level of expenses, adjusted for expected expense inflation if appropriate.

Surrender rates depend on product features, policy duration and external circumstances such as the interest rate environment and competitor and policyholder behavior. For policies with account value guarantees based on equity market movements, a dynamic lapse assumption is utilized to reflect policyholder behavior based on whether the guarantee is in the money. Own experience, as well as industry published data, are used in establishing assumptions.

Actuarial assumption and model updates

Assumptions are reviewed periodically, typically in the third quarter, based on historical experience and observable market data, including market transactions such as acquisitions and reinsurance transactions. Similarly, the models and systems used for determining our liabilities are reviewed periodically and, if deemed necessary, updated based on emerging best practices and available technology.

During 2014, Aegon implemented model and assumption updates resulting in a net EUR 352 million charge to income before tax.

 

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Charges arising from assumption and model updates included in underlying earnings before tax amounted to EUR 221 million:

            A charge for actuarial assumption updates in the Americas Life & Protection business amounted to EUR 265 million, and was primarily related to updated mortality assumptions for the older ages. Model updates, including changes to modeled premium persistency, had a negative impact of EUR 29 million; and

            Actuarial assumption changes and model updates in the Americas Individual Savings & Retirement business resulted in a gain of EUR 100 million. Updated assumptions in variable annuities related to policyholder behavior on partial withdrawals accounted for the majority of an aggregated EUR 129 million benefit. A EUR 29 million charge was mainly caused by updated assumptions for the asset portfolio at fixed annuities.

Actuarial assumption changes and model updates not included in underlying earnings before tax had an adverse impact on income before tax of EUR 131 million. They consisted of a charge of EUR 118 million in the Americas, mainly caused by adjusting the modeled hedging costs for the GMWB variable annuity book, improving the hedging models for indexed universal life products and updating the discount rate on reserves in the run-off life reinsurance book, and a charge of EUR 13 million in the Netherlands from model updates.

For the first half of 2015, Aegon kept its long-term equity market return assumption for the estimated gross profits on variable life and variable annuity products in the Americas at 8% (December 31, 2014: 8%). The long-term assumption for 10-year US Treasury yields remains at 4.25% and the uniform grading period is 10 years. Aegon’s assumed returns for US separate account bond fund remain at 4% over the next 10 years and 6% thereafter. The 90-day Treasury yield is 0.01% at June 30, 2015 and 0.04% at December 31, 2014, and is assumed to remain level for the next two years followed by an eight year grade to 2.5%. On a quarterly basis, the estimated gross profits are updated for the difference between the estimated market return and the actual market return.

Sensitivity on variable annuities and variable life insurance products in the United States

A 1% decrease in the expected long-term equity growth rate with regard to Aegon’s variable annuities and variable life insurance products in the United States would result in a decrease in DPAC and VOBA balances and reserve strengthening of approximately EUR 142 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 130 million). The DPAC and VOBA balances for these products in the United States amounted to EUR 3.0 billion at June 30, 2015 (December 31, 2014: EUR 2.6 billion).

For the fixed annuities and fixed universal life insurance products, the estimated gross profits (EGP) calculations include a net interest rate margin, which Aegon assumes will remain practically stable under any reasonably likely interest rate scenario.

A relative increase ranging from 5% to 10% to the mortality assumption, dependent on the block of business, would reduce net income by approximately EUR 74 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 63 million). A relative 20% increase in the lapse rate assumption would increase net income by approximately EUR 84 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 71 million).

Any reasonably possible changes in the other assumptions Aegon uses to determine EGP margins (i.e. maintenance expenses, inflation and disability) would reduce net income by less than EUR 24 million (per assumption change) (December 31, 2014: EUR 32 million).

 

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Deferred expenses

For further details refer to note 14 of the interim financial statements. The movements in DPAC and deferred cost of reinsurance over the first six months of 2015 compared to the first six months of 2014 can be summarized and compared as follows:

 

EUR millions    DPAC     

 

Deferred costs of
reinsurance

   

 

Deferred
transaction costs

   

Balance at January 1, 2015

     9,523          441       409 

Costs deferred/rebates granted during the year

     770               25 

Amortizations through income statement

     (520)         (34)      (16)

Shadow accounting adjustments

     434              

Net exchange differences

     822          38       36 

Other

                 

At June 30, 2015

     11,030           445        455  
       
EUR millions    DPAC         

 

Deferred costs of
reinsurance

   

 

Deferred
transaction costs

   

Balance at January 1, 2015

     9,229              421       356 

Costs deferred/rebates granted during the year

     639                   17 

Amortizations through income statement

     (402)             (20)      (13)

Shadow accounting adjustments

     (430)                 

Net exchange differences

     131                  

Other

     (5)                 

At June 30, 2014

     9,161               404        365  

DPAC per strategic business unit is as follows per June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

 

EUR millions    Americas     

 

The
Netherlands

    

 

United
Kingdom

    

 

New
markets

     Total

Life

     5,260          40          164          767        6,230 

Individual savings and retirement products

     1,949                          43        1,991 

Pensions

             64          2,399                2,464 

Run-off business

     345                               

345 

At June 30, 2015

     7,553           104           2,563           809         11,030  
              
EUR millions    Americas     

 

The
Netherlands

    

 

United
Kingdom

    

 

New
markets

     Total

Life

     4,479          48          147          613        5,287 

Individual savings and retirement products

     1,587                          39        1,626 

Pensions

             66          2,231                2,297 

Run-off businesses

     313                               

313 

At December 31, 2014

     6,379           114           2,378           653         9,523  

 

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VOBA

For further details refer to note 9 of the interim financial statements. The movement in VOBA over the first six months of 2015 compared to the first six months of 2014 can be summarized and compared as follows:

 

    

EUR millions

     2015       2014
   

At January 1

     1,546        1,768 

Additions

          

Amortization/depreciation through income statement

     (78)       (52)

Shadow accounting adjustments

     53        (115)

Net exchange differences

     132        21

Other

     (1)      

At June 30

     1,653         1,622  

VOBA per strategic business unit is as follows per June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

 

EUR millions    Americas     

 

 

The
Netherlands

     United
Kingdom
     New
markets
     Total 2015

 

Life

     984                          10        994 

Individual savings and retirement products

     185                                185 

Pensions

     11          29          396                436 

Distribution

                                  

Run off businesses

     29                                29 

    

                                        

At June 30, 2015

     1,209           38           396          10         1,653  

 

EUR millions    Americas     

 

 

The
Netherlands

     United
Kingdom
     New
markets
     Total 2014

 

Life

     909                          10        919 

Individual savings and retirement products

     179                                179 

Pensions

     11          31          373                415 

Distribution

             11                        11 

Run off businesses

     22                                22 

    

                                        

At December 31, 2014

     1,121           42           373           10         1,546  

 

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2.3 Guarantees in insurance contracts

For financial reporting purposes Aegon distinguishes between the following types of minimum guarantees:

a. Financial guarantees: these life contingent guarantees are treated as bifurcated embedded derivatives, valued at fair value and presented as derivatives;
b. Total return annuities: these guarantees are not bifurcated from their host contracts because they are valued at fair value and presented as part of insurance contracts;
c. Life contingent guarantees in the United States: these guarantees are not bifurcated from their host contracts, valued in accordance with insurance accounting and presented together with insurance contracts; and
d. Minimum investment return guarantees in the Netherlands: these guarantees are not bifurcated from their host contracts, valued at fair value and presented together with the underlying insurance contracts.

In addition to the guarantees mentioned above, Aegon has traditional life insurance contracts that include minimum guarantees that are not valued explicitly; however, the adequacy of all insurance liabilities, net of VOBA and DPAC, are assessed periodically.

 

a. Financial guarantees

In the United States and New Markets (variable annuities sold in United Kingdom), a guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit (GMWB) is offered directly on some variable annuity products Aegon issues and is also assumed from a ceding company. Variable annuities allow a customer to provide for the future on a tax-deferred basis and to participate in equity or bond market performance. Variable annuities allow a customer to select pay-out options designed to help meet the customer’s need for income upon maturity, including lump sum payment or income for life or for a period of time. This benefit guarantees that a policyholder can withdraw a certain percentage of the account value, starting at a certain age or duration, for either a fixed period or during the life of the policyholder.

In the Netherlands, individual variable unit-linked products have a minimum benefit guarantee if premiums are invested in certain funds. The sum insured at maturity or upon the death of the beneficiary has a minimum guaranteed return (in the range of 3% to 4%) if the premium has been paid for a consecutive period of at least ten years and is invested in a mixed fund and/or fixed-income funds. No guarantees are given for equity investments only.

 

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The following table provides information on the liabilities for financial guarantees for minimum benefits, net of present value of the expected future premiums that are received to cover these guarantees:

 

 

Liabilities for financial guarantees for minimum benefits

 

  

        
EUR millions   

United

States 1

     Canada 1     

The

Netherlands 2

    

New

Markets

    

2015

Total 3

    

United

States 1

     Canada 1     

The

Netherlands 2

    

New

Markets

    

2014

Total 3

 
     

At january 1

     1,087                  1,733          53          2,873          (72)                 1,181         (4)         1,112    

Incurred guarantee benefits 4

     (261)                 (327)                 (589)         369                  221                  595    

Net exchange differences

     93                                  93                                            

At June 30

     919           -           1,405           53           2,378           297           12           1,402           (4)         1,707     

  

                                                                                         

Balance at June 30

                                 

 Account value 5

     32,443                  7,916                  40,359          22,352          1,413          9,395                  33,159    

 Net amount at risk 6

     101                  1,476                  1,577          47          14          1,305          -           1,365    

1 Guaranteed minimum accumulation and withdrawal benefits.

2 Fund plan and unit-linked guarantees.

3 Balances are included in the derivatives liabilities on the face of the statement of financial position.

4 Incurred guarantee benefits mainly comprise the effect of guarantees from new contracts, releases related to expired out-of-the-money guarantees and fair value movements during the reporting year.

5 Account value reflects the actual fund value for the policyholders.

6 The net amount at risk represents the sum of the positive differences between the discounted maximum amount payable under the guarantees and the account value.

 

The decrease of incurred guarantee benefits mainly relates to fair value movements due to increasing interest rates, partly offset by increased equity markets and tightening own credit spread.

Aegon Americas reinsures the elective guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit rider issued with a ceding company’s variable annuity contracts. The rider is essentially a return of premium guarantee, which is payable over a period of at least 14 years from the date that the policyholder elects to start withdrawals. At contract inception, the guaranteed remaining balance is equal to the premium payment. The periodic withdrawal is paid by the ceding company until the account value is insufficient to cover additional withdrawals. Once the account value is exhausted, Aegon pays the periodic withdrawals until the guaranteed remaining balance is exhausted. At June 30, 2015, the reinsured account value was EUR 2.7 billion (December 2014: EUR 2.6 billion) and the guaranteed remaining balance was EUR 1.8 billion (December 2014: EUR 1.7 billion).

The reinsurance contract is accounted for as a derivative and is carried in Aegon’s statement of financial position at fair value. At June 30, 2015, the contract had a value of EUR 55 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 59 million). Aegon entered into a derivative program to mitigate the overall exposure to equity market and interest rate risks associated with the reinsurance contract. This program involves selling equity futures contracts (S&P 500, Nasdaq, FTSE100 and NKY225 in accordance with Aegon’s exposure) to mitigate the effect of equity market movement on the reinsurance contract and the purchase of over-the-counter interest rate swaps to mitigate the effect of movements in interest rates on the reinsurance contracts.

 

b. Total return annuities

Total Return Annuity (TRA) is an annuity product in the United States which provides customers with a pass-through of the total return on an underlying portfolio of investment securities (typically a mix of corporate and convertible bonds) subject to a cumulative minimum guarantee. Both the assets and liabilities are carried at fair value, however, due to the minimum guarantee not all of the changes in the market value of the asset will be offset in the valuation of the liability. This product exists in both the fixed annuity and life reinsurance lines of business and in both cases represents closed blocks. The reinsurance contract is in the form of modified coinsurance, so only the liability for the minimum guarantee is recorded on Aegon’s books.

Product balances as of June 30, 2015, were EUR 387 million in fixed annuities (December 31, 2014: EUR 380 million) and EUR 127 million in life reinsurance (December 31, 2014: EUR 118 million).

 

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c. Life contingent guarantees in the United States

Certain variable insurance contracts in the United States also provide guaranteed minimum death benefits (GMDB) and guaranteed minimum income benefits (GMIB). Under a GMDB, the beneficiaries receive the greater of the account balance or the guaranteed amount upon the death of the insured. The net amount at risk for GMDB contracts is defined as the current GMDB in excess of the capital account balance at the balance sheet date.

The GMIB feature provides for minimum payments if the contract holder elects to convert to an immediate pay-out annuity. The guaranteed amount is calculated using the total deposits made by the contract holder, less any withdrawals and sometimes includes a roll-up or step-up feature that increases the value of the guarantee with interest or with increases in the account value.

The additional liability for guaranteed minimum benefits that are not bifurcated are determined each period by estimating the expected value of benefits in excess of the projected account balance and recognizing the excess over the accumulation period based on total expected assessments. The estimates are reviewed regularly and any resulting adjustment to the additional liability is recognized in the income statement. The benefits used in calculating the liabilities are based on the average benefits payable over a range of stochastic scenarios. Where applicable, the calculation of the liability incorporates a percentage of the potential annuitizations that may be elected by the contract holder. In the table below, no significant movements are shown for incurred guarantee benefits due to differences in measurement compared to financial guarantees and life contingent guarantees in the Netherlands.

The following table provides information on the liabilities for guarantees for minimum benefits that are included in the valuation of the host contracts:

 

Liabilities for guarantees Americas

 

                                                 
EUR millions    GMDB 1      GMIB 2     

2015

Total 4

     GMDB 1      GMIB 2     

2014

Total 4

     

At january 1

     419          782          1,201          323          644        967 

Incurred guarantee benefits 5

     44          (116)         (72)         21          35        56 

Paid guarantee benefits

     (34)         (7)         (41)         (27)         (11)       (38)

Net exchange differences

     36          67          93                       

At June 30

     466           726           1,192           319           672         991  
     
      GMDB 1,3      GMIB 2,3              GMDB 1,3      GMIB 2,3        

Balance at June 30

                     

Account value 6

     52,647          6,338               40,789          6,088         

Net amount at risk 7

     1,942          535               1,487          421         

Average attained age of contractholders

     69           69                    69           69          

 

1 Guaranteed minimum death benefit in the United States.

2 Guaranteed minimum income benefit in the United States.

3 Note that the variable annuity contracts with guarantees may offer more than one type of guarantee in each contract; Therefore, the amounts listed are not mutually exclusive.

4 Balances are included in the insurance liabilities on the face of the statement of financial position.

5 Incurred guarantee benefit mainly comprise the effect of guarantees from new contracts, releases related to expired out-of-the-money guarantees and value changes as a consequence of interest movements during the reporting year.

6 Account value reflects the actual fund value for the policyholders.

7 The net amount at risk is defined as the present value of the minimum guaranteed annuity payments available to the contract holder determined in accordance with the terms of the contract in excess of the current account balance.

 

d. Minimum investment return guarantees in the Netherlands

The traditional life and pension products offered by Aegon in the Netherlands include various products that accumulate a cash value. Premiums are paid by customers at inception or over the term of the contract. The accumulation products pay benefits on the policy maturity date, subject to survival of the

 

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insured. In addition, most policies also pay death benefits if the insured dies during the term of the contract. The death benefits may be stipulated in the policy or depend on the gross premiums paid to date. Premiums and amounts insured are established at inception of the contract. The amount insured can be increased as a result of profit sharing, if provided for under the terms and conditions of the product. Minimum interest guarantees exist for all generations of traditional accumulation products written. Older generations contain a 4% guarantee; in recent years the guarantee has decreased to 3%.

The traditional group pension contracts offered by Aegon in the Netherlands include large group insurance contracts that have an individually determined asset investment strategy underlying the pension contract. The guarantee given is that the profit sharing is the maximum of 0% and the realized return on an asset portfolio specified in the policy conditions, adjusted for technical interest rates ranging from 3% to 4%. If the adjusted return is negative, the 0% minimum is effective, but the loss in any given year is carried forward to be offset against any future surpluses within the contract period. In general, a guarantee is given for the life of the underlying employees so that their pension benefit is guaranteed. Large group contracts also share technical results (mortality risk and disability risk). The contract period is typically five years and the premiums are fixed over this period.

These guarantees are valued at fair value and are included as part of insurance liabilities with the underlying host insurance contracts.

The following table provides information on the liabilities for guarantees that are included in the valuation of the host contracts, net of the present value of the expected future premiums that are received to cover these guarantees:

 

 

Liabilities for guarantees The Netherlands

             
EUR millions   

2015

GMI 1,2

    

2014

GMI 1,2

     

At january 1

     5,433         2,462  

Incurred guarantee benefits 3

     (981)       1,008  

At June 30

     4,451          3,470   
               

Balance at June 30

         

Account value 4

     18,116         15,534  

Net amount at risk 5

     3,793         3,065  

 

1 Guaranteed minimum investment return in the Netherlands.

2 Balances are included in the insurance liabilities on the face of the statement of financial position.

3 Incurred guarantee benefits mainly comprise the effect of guarantees from new contracts, releases related to expired out-of-the-money guarantees and fair value movements during the reporting year.

4 Account value reflects the liability value of the insurance contracts as a whole.

5 The net amount at risk represents the sum of the differences between the guaranteed and actual amount that is credited to the policyholders. For individual policies only positive differences are included, for Group pensions contracts carry forwards of negative differences are recognized.

Fair value measurement of guarantees in insurance contracts

The fair values of guarantees mentioned above (with the exception of life contingent guarantees in the United States) are calculated as the present value of future expected payments to policyholders less the present value of assessed rider fees attributable to the guarantees. For further details refer to note 13 of the interim financial statements.

 

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For equity volatility, Aegon uses a term structure assumption with market-based implied volatility inputs for the first five years and a long-term forward rate assumption of 25% thereafter. The volume of observable option trading from which volatilities are derived generally declines as the contracts’ term increases, therefore, the volatility curve grades from implied volatilities for five years to the ultimate rate. The resulting volatility assumption in year 20 for the S&P 500 index (expressed as a spot rate) was 24.3% at June 30, 2015, and 24.3% at December 31, 2014. Correlations of market returns across underlying indices are based on historical market returns and their inter-relationships over a number of years preceding the valuation date. Assumptions regarding policyholder behavior, such as lapses, included in the models are derived in the same way as the assumptions used to measure insurance liabilities.

Had Aegon used a long-term equity implied volatility assumption that was five volatility points higher or lower, the impact on income before tax would have been a decrease of EUR 110 million or an increase of EUR 100 million, respectively, in IFRS income before tax for the first six months of 2014 (2014 full year: EUR 106 million decrease and EUR 96 million increase).

These assumptions are reviewed at each valuation date, and updated based on historical experience and observable market data, including market transactions such as acquisitions and reinsurance transactions.

Aegon utilizes different risk management strategies to mitigate the financial impact of the valuation of these guarantees on the results including asset and liability management and derivative hedging strategies to hedge certain aspects of the market risks embedded in these guarantees. Guarantees valued at fair value contributed a net loss before tax of EUR 55 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 (six months ended June 30, 2014: loss of EUR 85 million), to earnings. The main drivers of this loss before tax are negative results of EUR 8 million related to increases in equity volatilities (six months ended June 30, 2014: EUR 35 million gain), partly offset by positive results related to increases in risk free rates of EUR 1,083 million (six months ended June 30, 2014: EUR 1,814 million loss), EUR 8 million related to increasing own credit spread (six months ended June 30, 2014: EUR 193 million loss) and EUR 104 million related to an increase in equity markets (six months ended June 30, 2014: EUR 324 million gain). Hedges related to these guarantee reserves contributed fair value losses of EUR 1,466 million to income before tax for the six months ended June 30, 2015 (six months ended June 30, 2014: gain of EUR 1,417 million) while DPAC offset and other contributed a gain of EUR 223 million (six months ended June 30, 2014: EUR 146 million gain).

Guarantee reserves decreased EUR 1,497 million in the first six months of 2015 (six months ended June 30, 2014: increase of EUR 1,617 million).

 

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2.4 Additional information on credit risk, unrealized losses and impairments

Debt instruments

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities, money market investments and other, included in Aegon’s available-for-sale (AFS) portfolios, are as follows as of June 30, 2015, and December 31, 2014:

 

EUR millions   

Amortized

cost

    

Unrealized

gains

    

Unrealized

losses

    

Total fair

value

    

 

Fair value

instruments of

with unrealized

gains

   

Fair value

instruments of

with unrealized

losses

 

June 30, 2015

                  

Debt securities

                  

United States Government

     8,218           783          (112)         8,890          6,385         2,505    

Dutch Government

     4,318           752          (1)         5,069          4,956         113    

Other Government

     14,369           2,198          (21)         16,545          15,405         1,141    

Mortgage backed securities

     10,338           587          (150)         10,775          7,416         3,359    

Asset backed securities

     8,493           655          (99)         9,048          6,493         2,555    

Corporate

     50,945           4,621          (711)         54,855          43,886         10,968    

Money market investments

     5,795                   -           5,795          5,795           

Other

     1,143           209          (35)         1,317          1,194         123    

Total

     103,618            9,805           (1,129)          112,294           91,531          20,763     
   

Of which held by Aegon Americas, NL and UK

     98,775           9,553          (1,062)         107,266          88,353         18,913    

 

 

EUR millions   

Amortized

cost

    

Unrealized

gains

    

Unrealized

losses

    

Total fair

value

    

 

Fair value

instruments of

with unrealized

gains

   

Fair value

instruments of

with unrealized

losses

 

December 31, 2014

                  

Debt securities

                  

United States Government

     6,731           1,092          (22)         7,801          6,693         1,108    

Dutch Government

     4,705           1,025          (1)         5,729          5,707         23    

Other Government

     13,439           2,559          (29)         15,969          15,510         459    

Mortgage backed securities

     10,017           637          (124)         10,530          8,559         1,971    

Asset backed securities

     8,011           696          (123)         8,584          5,672         2,912    

Corporate

     47,561           5,758          (435)         52,884          46,566         6,318    

Money market investments

     6,799                           6,799          6,799           

Other

     1,136           204          (30)         1,310          1,140         170    

Total

     98,399            11,971           (764)          109,606           96,646          12,960     
   

Of which held by Aegon Americas, NL and UK

     94,409           11,656          (743)         105,323          93,142         12,181    

Unrealized losses by sector

The composition by industry category of Aegon’s available-for-sale debt securities and money market investments in an unrealized loss position at June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, is presented in the following table:

 

 

Unrealized losses - debt securities and money market investments

 

 

                                   
EUR millions    Jun. 30, 2015      Dec. 31, 2014  
     

 

Carrying value of

instruments with

unrealized losses

    

Gross

unrealized

losses

    

Carrying value of

instruments with

unrealized losses

    

Gross

unrealized

losses

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBSs)

     1,981           (158)         1,249          (145)   

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBSs)

     1,517           (27)         987          (18)   

Asset-backed securities (ABSs) - CDOs backed by ABS, Corp. bonds, Bank loans

     1,336           (33)         1,552          (54)   

ABSs - Other

     793           (24)         980          (26)   

Financial Industry - Banking

     1,919           (177)         1,228          (179)   

Financial Industry - Insurance

     577           (32)         242          (15)   

Financial Industry - Other

     573           (23)         325          (15)   

Industrial

     5,881           (382)         3,835          (197)   

Utility

     716           (42)         239          (11)   

Sovereign

     3,497           (130)         1,375          (51)   

Total held by Aegon Americas, NL and UK

     18,791            (1,028)          12,011           (713)    

Held by other segments

     1,850            (66)          779           (21)    

Total

     20,641            (1,094)          12,790           (734)    

As of June 30, 2015, there are EUR 9,345 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 11,452 million) of gross unrealized gains and EUR 1,028 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 713 million) of gross unrealized

 

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losses in the AFS debt securities portfolio of Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK. One issuer represents more than 4% of the total unrealized loss position. The unrealized loss is EUR 112 and relates to securities issued by the government of the United States of America and is primarily from rising interest rates.

Financial and credit market conditions were mixed during the first half of 2015. Developed-world growth remains positive, but generally below potential, frustrating policy-makers’ efforts to generate a strong recovery. European sovereign debt yields have risen significantly from their very low levels reached earlier in the first half of the year. US equity markets had moderately positive returns, while many other global markets were stronger. The US Federal Reserve maintained a Fed Funds rate near zero, but has actively debated the timing of potential tightening over the coming months. US Treasury rates rose. Corporate default rates have remained low due largely to readily available access to funding and strong corporate balance sheet fundamentals. However, credit spreads were mixed during the first half of 2015, with Investment Grade spreads wider but High Yield spreads tighter. Commodity prices were mixed, as oil prices rebounded from lows reached early in 2015. The increase in US Treasury rates caused the market values of fixed income holdings to decrease relative to their carrying values.

Impairment of financial assets

Aegon regularly monitors industry sectors and individual debt securities for indicators of impairment. These indicators may include one or more of the following: 1) deteriorating market to book ratio, 2) increasing industry risk factors, 3) deteriorating financial condition of the issuer, 4) covenant violations by the issuer, 5) high probability of bankruptcy of the issuer, or 6) internationally recognized credit rating agency downgrades. Additionally, for asset-backed securities, cash flow trends and underlying levels of collateral are monitored. A security is impaired if there is objective evidence that a loss event has occurred after the initial recognition of the asset that has a negative impact on the estimated future cash flows. A specific security is considered to be impaired when it is determined that not all amounts due (both principal and interest) will be collected as contractually scheduled.

In the sections below a description is provided on the composition of the categories of debt securities and money market investments. Individual issuers rated below investment grade in any sector which have unrealized loss positions greater than EUR 25 million are disclosed separately. Furthermore, quality ratings of investment portfolios are based on a composite of the main rating agencies (S&P, Moody’s and Fitch) and Aegon’s internal rating of the counterparty.

Residential mortgage-backed securities

Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK hold EUR 5,476 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 5,449 million) of residential mortgage- backed securities (RMBS), of which EUR 4,580 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 4,499 million) is held by Aegon Americas, EUR 873 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 932 million) by Aegon the Netherlands and EUR 23 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 21 million) by Aegon UK. Residential mortgage-backed securities are securitizations of underlying pools of non-commercial mortgages on real estate. The underlying residential mortgages have varying credit characteristics and are pooled together and sold in tranches. The following table shows the breakdown of Aegon USA’s RMBS available-for-sale portfolio. Additionally, Aegon USA has investments in RMBS of EUR 86 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 88 million), which are classified as fair value through profit or loss.

 

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AFS RMBS by quality

                                                          

EUR millions

     AAA         AA         A         BBB         <BBB        

 

Total

amortized cost

  

  

   Total fair value

GSE guaranteed

     1,656           1           -           -           -           1,656         1,685  

Prime jumbo

     1           1           1           14           218           234         246  

Alt-A

     -           -           31           3           499           533         638  

Negative amortization floaters

     -           -           -           1           777           778         850  

Reverse mortgage RMBS

     -           -           -           146           102           248         178  

Subprime mortgage

     2           52           172           103           518           848         945  

Manufactured housing

     -           -           1           14           21           36         37  

Other housing

     2           -           -           -           -           2         2  

At June 30, 2015

     1,661            54            205            281            2,135            4,335          4,580   
   

Of which insured

     -           -           146           1           221           369         357  

 

AFS RMBS by quality

                                                          

EUR millions

     AAA         AA         A         BBB         <BBB        
 
Total
amortized cost
  
  
  

Total fair

value

GSE guaranteed

     1,564           -           -           -           -           1,564         1,615  

Prime jumbo

     1           1           1           14           221           238         244  

Alt-A

     -           -           31           3           489           523         632  

Negative amortization floaters

     -           -           -           15           745           760         850  

Reverse mortgage RMBS

     -           -           -           141           102           243         175  

Subprime mortgage

     6           57           168           96           536           864         944  

Manufactured housing

     -           -           1           14           21           36         37  

Other housing

     2           -           -           -           -           2         2  

At December 31, 2014

     1,573            58            201            283            2,114            4,230          4,499   
   

Of which insured

     -           -           146           1           224           372         355  

RMBS of Aegon USA are monitored and reviewed on a monthly basis. Detailed cash flow models using the current collateral pool and capital structure on the portfolio are updated and reviewed quarterly. Model output is generated under base and stress-case scenarios. Aegon’s RMBS asset specialists utilize widely recognized industry modeling software to perform a loan-by-loan, bottom-up approach to modeling. Key assumptions used in the models are projected defaults, loss severities, and prepayments. Each of these key assumptions varies greatly based on the significantly diverse characteristics of the current collateral pool for each security. Loan-to-value, loan size, and borrower credit history are some of the key characteristics used to determine the level of assumption that is utilized. Defaults were estimated by identifying the loans that are in various delinquency buckets and defaulting a certain percentage of them over the near-term and long-term. Assumed defaults on delinquent loans are dependent on the specific security’s collateral attributes and historical performance.

Loss severity assumptions were determined by obtaining historical rates from broader market data and by adjusting those rates for vintage, specific pool performance, collateral type, mortgage insurance and estimated loan modifications. Prepayments were estimated by examining historical averages of prepayment activity on the underlying collateral. Quantitative ranges of significant assumptions within Aegon’s modeling process for Prime Jumbo, Alt-A and Negative Amortization RMBS are as follows: prepayment assumptions range from approximately 0.5% to 37% with a weighted average of approximately 4.8% (December 31, 2014: 4.8%), assumed defaults on delinquent loans range from 50% to 100% with a weighted average of approximately 86.8% (December 31, 2014: 86.3%), assumed defaults on current loans are dependent on the specific security’s collateral attributes and historical performance, while loss severity assumptions range from approximately 13.9% to 75%, with a weighted average of approximately 54.9% (December 31, 2014: 54.7%). Additionally, quantitative ranges of significant assumptions within Aegon’s modeling process for the RMBS subprime mortgage

 

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portfolio are as follows: prepayment assumptions range from approximately 3% to 15% with a weighted average of approximately 6.2% (December 31, 2014: 6.2%), assumed defaults on delinquent loans range from 72% to 100% with a weighted average of approximately 90.4% (December 31, 2014: 89.9%), assumed defaults on current loans are dependent on the specific security’s collateral attributes and historical performance, while loss severity assumptions range from approximately 20% to 103%, with a weighted average of approximately 72.6% (December 31, 2014: 73.3%).

Once the entire pool is modeled, the results are closely analyzed by Aegon’s asset specialists to determine whether or not Aegon’s particular tranche or holding is at risk for not collecting all contractual cash flows taking into account the seniority and other terms of the tranches held. Aegon impairs its particular tranche to fair value where it would not be able to receive all contractual cash flows.

The total gross unrealized loss on AFS RMBS of Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK amounts to EUR 158 million (December 31, 2014: 145 million), of which EUR 152 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 142 million) relates to positions of Aegon USA, and the total net unrealized gain on available-for-sale RMBS is EUR 279 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 309 million), including a EUR 246 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 269 million) net unrealized gain relating to positions of Aegon USA. The housing market in the United States has continued to improve as evidenced by rising home prices and sales volume. The pace of improvement has slowed considerably from the rapid pace seen post-financial crisis, and is expected continue to moderate in the coming years. However, the positive trends in the housing market have led to improvements in borrower delinquencies and prepayment rates as well as liquidation timelines. Loss severities on liquidated properties remain elevated for subprime loans but are starting to show signs of improvement for other RMBS sectors. The improving housing market and underlying loan credit performance has led to credit spread tightening across the asset class for the past few years, but the upside going forward is limited.

There are no individual issuers rated below investment grade in this RMBS sector which have an unrealized loss position greater than EUR 25 million.

 

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The fair values of Aegon USA’s RMBS instruments were determined as follows:

EUR millions    Level II      Level III     

 

Jun. 30,

2015

     Level II      Level III     

Dec. 31,

2014

RMBS

     4,397         269         4,666         4,320         264       4,584  

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

As of June, 30, 2015, Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK hold EUR 5,839 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 5,701 million) of AFS commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), of which EUR 5,151 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 5,149 million) is held by Aegon USA, EUR 604 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 434 million) by Aegon UK and EUR 84 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 118 million) by Aegon the Netherlands. CMBS are securitizations of underlying pools of mortgages on commercial real estate. The underlying mortgages have varying risk characteristics and are pooled together and sold in different rated tranches. The company’s CMBS include conduit, large loan, single borrower, commercial real estate collateralized debt obligations (CRE CDOs), collateralized debt obligations (CDOs), government agency, and franchise loan receivable trusts.

The total gross unrealized loss on AFS CMBS of Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK amounts to EUR 27 million as of June 30, 2015 (December 31, 2014: EUR 18 million). All gross unrealized losses relate to positions held by Aegon USA. The total net unrealized gain on the available-for-sale CMBS as of June 30, 2015, is EUR 251 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 275 million), of which EUR 121 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 167 million) relates to positions of Aegon USA, followed by Aegon UK at EUR 129 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 104 million) and Aegon the Netherlands at EUR 2 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 3 million). Throughout 2015, CMBS fundamentals continued to improve as the pace of credit deterioration moderated, commercial real estate valuations continued to improve and there was a greater availability of financing. Liquidity has improved within the CMBS market; however, credit spreads on many legacy subordinate CMBS tranches remain at wide levels.

The tables below summarize the credit quality of Aegon USA’s AFS CMBS portfolio. Additionally, Aegon USA has investments in CMBS of EUR 31 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 29 million), which are classified as fair value through profit or loss.

 

CMBS by quality

 

                                                       
EUR millions    AAA      AA      A      BBB      <BBB     

Total

amortized

cost

     Total fair
value
 

CMBS

     4,040           617           119             91           163           5,030           5,151     

At June 30, 2015

     4,040            617            119              91            163            5,030            5,151      

 

CMBS by quality                                                        
EUR millions    AAA      AA      A      BBB      <BBB      Total
amortized
cost
     Total fair
value
 

CMBS

     4,038           548           103           119           173           4,981           5,149     

At December 31, 2014

     4,038            548            103            119            173            4,981            5,149      

CMBS of Aegon USA are monitored and reviewed on a monthly basis. Detailed cash flow models using the current collateral pool and capital structure on the portfolio are updated and reviewed quarterly. Model output is generated under base and several stress-case scenarios by Aegon’s internal CMBS asset specialists. For conduit securities, a widely recognized industry modeling software is used to perform a loan-by-loan, bottom-up approach. For non-conduit securities, a CMBS asset specialist works closely with Aegon’s real estate valuation group to determine underlying asset

 

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valuation and risk. Both methodologies incorporate external estimates on the property market, capital markets, property cash flows, and loan structure. Results are then closely analyzed by the asset specialist to determine whether or not a principal or interest loss is expected to occur.

Securities are impaired to fair value when Aegon expects that it will not receive all contractual cash flows on its tranches. As the remaining unrealized losses in the CMBS portfolio relate to holdings where Aegon expects to receive full principal and interest, Aegon does not consider the underlying investments to be impaired as of June 30, 2015.

There are no individual issuers rated below investment grade in the CMBS sector which have unrealized loss position greater than EUR 25 million.

The fair values of Aegon USA’s CMBS instruments were determined as follows:

EUR millions    Level II      Level III     

 

      Jun. 30,
2015

         Level II      Level III            Dec. 31,
2014

CMBS

     5,121         61         5,182         5,119         59       5,178  

 

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Asset-backed securities

Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK hold EUR 7,809 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 7,420 million) of AFS ABS instruments of which EUR 3,103 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 2,997 million) is held by Aegon USA, EUR 2,544 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 2,300 million) by Aegon the Netherlands and EUR 2,171 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 2,124 million) by Aegon UK. Additionally, Aegon Americas has investments in ABS of EUR 23 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 16 million), which are classified as fair value through profit or loss. ABS are securitizations of underlying pools of credit card receivables, auto financing loans, small business loans, bank loans, and other receivables. The underlying assets of the asset backed securities have been pooled together and sold in tranches with varying credit ratings.

The total gross unrealized loss on AFS ABS of Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK amounts to EUR 57 million as of June 30, 2015 (December 31, 2014: EUR 80 million). Aegon USA has EUR 32 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 38 million) of this gross unrealized loss, followed by Aegon the Netherlands at EUR 24 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 41 million) and Aegon UK at EUR 1 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 1 million). The stronger financial and economic conditions have helped stabilize in the US, and improve in Europe, the performance of the underlying collateral backing many of these securities. The European ABS market is well supported by the following strong technicals: the ABS purchase program from the ECB, the shortage of supply and the search for yield. The combination of these factors has led to a decrease in credit spreads through June 2015. In the United States, increasing investor demand has been met with new issuance in the asset-backed sector. The combination of these factors has led to varied performance by sector with most sectors exhibiting wider credit spreads over the course of the year.

The breakdown by quality of the available-for-sale ABS portfolio of Aegon USA, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK is as follows:

 

AFS ABS by quality                                                      
EUR millions    AAA      AA      A      BBB      <BBB     

Total

amortized

cost

     Total fair
value

Credit cards

     366           48           50           -           -           464         481  

Autos

     163           50           17           21           -           250         251  

Small business loans

     -           4           23           49           107           183         181  

CDOs backed by ABS, Corp. bonds, Bank loans

     1,668           776           360           134           129           3,068         3,056  

Other ABS

     733           439           1,817           337           61           3,387         3,839  

At June 30, 2015

     2,930            1,317            2,267            541            296            7,352          7,809   

 

AFS ABS by quality                                                      
EUR millions    AAA      AA      A      BBB      <BBB      Total
amortized
cost
     Total fair
value

Credit cards

     382           36           77           42           -           536         556  

Autos

     220           11           15           4           -           251         252  

Small business loans

     -           5           23           51           114           193         187  

CDOs backed by ABS, Corp. bonds, Bank loans

     1,277           750           357           117           179           2,680         2,643  

Other ABS

     771           442           1,657           367           34           3,271         3,782  

At December 31, 2014

     2,650            1,243            2,129            581            327            6,931          7,420   

There were no individual issuers rated below investment grade in this ABS sector that have unrealized loss positions greater than EUR 25 million.

The fair values of Aegon USA, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK ABS instruments were determined as follows:

 

EUR millions    Level II      Level III     

    Jun. 30,

2015

     Level II      Level III          Dec. 31,
2014

ABSs

     4597         3,244         7,840         4,467         2,969       7,436  

 

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Corporate - Financial sector

The Corporate - Financial sector is further subdivided into banking, brokerage, insurance, REIT’s and Financial - Other sub-sectors. A majority of the gross unrealized loss in Aegon’s available-for-sale portfolio is from the banking sub-sector.

Corporate – Financial Sector – Banking Sub-Sector

The banking sub-sector in Aegon’s portfolio is relatively large, diverse, and of high quality. Aegon holds EUR 10,086 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 9,458 million) of AFS bonds issued by banks. In aggregate, the gross unrealized loss on these bonds amounted to EUR 191 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 181 million) and the net unrealized gain on these bonds amounts to EUR 362 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 489 million).

Bank regulators are implementing a wide array of reforms designed to strengthen capital levels, reduce balance sheet risk and improve liquidity in an attempt to reduce systemic risk. Many banks already meet new capital and liquidity requirements, well ahead of regulatory deadlines. In addition, regulators and central governments are adopting new bank guidelines, which are designed to reduce systemic risk by tapping loss-absorbing capital, as needed, to recapitalize or resolve a bank without using taxpayer money. Globally, risk concentrations on bank balance sheets continue to exist, and ratings for some banks remain under pressure, but central banks are accommodative and confidence in the sector has increased materially since the financial crisis.

Within the banking sub-sector, Aegon holds EUR 1,335 million (December 31, 2014: EUR 1,230 million) of deeply subordinated securities with deferrable coupons that have an associated unrealized loss of EUR 105 million (December 31, 2014 EUR 114 million).

There is one individual issuer rated below investment grade in the banking sub-sector that has unrealized loss greater than EUR 25 million.

 

EUR millions    Category      Fair value      Unrealized
loss
     Rating     

 

Aging of

unrealized Loss

 

Belfius Bank & Insurance

     Banking         88         35         BB+         > 24 months     

Aegon’s available-for-sale debt securities for Belfius Bank SA have a fair value of EUR 88 million as of June 30, 2015 (December 31, 2014: EUR 74 million). These below investment grade securities had gross unrealized losses of EUR 35 million as of June 30, 2015 (December 31, 2014: EUR 39 million).

Belfius Bank SA was created subsequent to the restructuring of Dexia SA. Dexia’s reliance on short-term wholesale funding caused a near-collapse as funding markets froze in 2008 and 2009. Capital injections from Belgium, France and Luxembourg along with guarantees on Dexia’s funding provided sufficient access to funding markets until the Sovereign debt crisis in 2011 put too much strain on Dexia’s large funding needs. In November 2011, a new restructuring plan was put in place for Dexia SA and 100% of Dexia Bank Belgium was sold to the Belgian state. Aegon’s bonds now form part of the capital structure of that entity which was rebranded as Belfius Bank SA during the first half of 2012. Payments continue to be made on Aegon’s holdings in accordance with the original bond agreements.

 

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Aegon evaluated the near-term prospects of the issuer and it believes that the contractual terms of these investments will be met and these investments are not impaired as of June 30, 2015.

Corporate - Industrial sector

The Corporate - Industrial sector is further subdivided into various sub-sectors. A majority of Aegon’s available-for-sale portfolio gross unrealized loss is in the Basic Industry and Consumer non-cyclical sub-sectors.

The Basic Industry sector encompasses various sub-sectors including metals and mining, chemicals and paper and forest products with the majority of the gross unrealized loss relating to metals and mining. Fundamentals for the metals and mining industry have been negatively impacted by falling prices for base metals, ferrous metals, precious metals, iron ore and coal. Slowing economic data out of China has resulted in reduced demand for the base metals and bulk steel-making commodities as the country comprises from 40%-60% of global consumption for most of these commodities. A lack of a material response on the supply side for these commodities has driven significant pricing pressure. Chemicals have been positively impacted by continued low natural gas prices within the US, but given the global scale of most players in the industry, they have also been harmed by a slowdown in global growth as well as volatility in raw material costs, increasing competition from global peers and the potential for lower margins given falling oil prices. Paper and forest products have shown some improvement as the housing recovery takes hold in the United States, but more traditional paper products, such as newsprint, remain challenged. Aegon evaluated the near-term prospects of the issuers in relation to the severity and duration of the unrealized loss and does not consider those investments to be impaired as of June 30, 2015

The Consumer non-cyclical sub-sector encompasses various industries ranging from consumer products to supermarkets. The more significant of these sub-sectors from an unrealized loss perspective are food and beverage and pharmaceuticals. Food and beverage balance sheets continue to be solid as the slow growth environment remains in place. Modest price increases, tight cost controls and cost savings programs have helped offset continued volume weakness, but with the low hanging fruit gone mergers/acquisitions and shareholder friendly activities have increased. While showing signs of stabilization, the Pharmaceutical sector continues to deal with some patent cliff issues. As drugs roll off patent, generic competition takes market share and pulls down margins. Additionally, shareholder friendly activities in the form of increased dividends and share repurchases continue. Merger and acquisition activity continues to be prevalent in the sector, at times resulting in additional leverage. Finally, some companies have analyzed their business models and decided to spin off business lines, in an effort to concentrate on their core competencies. In certain instances, this has resulted in smaller, less diversified companies. Aegon evaluated the near-term prospects of the issuers and it is believed that the contractual terms of these investments will be met and these investments are not impaired as of June 30, 2015.

There are no individual issuers rated below investment grade in the corporate – industrial sector which have unrealized loss positions greater than EUR 25 million.

Corporate - Energy industry sector

The Corporate - Energy Industry sector encompasses various sub-sectors including integrated oil and gas producers, independent oil and gas producers, midstream processing and transport, oil field services and drilling, and refining. The majority of the gross unrealized loss relates to independent oil and gas producers, as well as oil field services and drilling. Falling oil prices, and continued low natural gas prices, have reduced cash flow for upstream oil and gas producers. Oil field service and drilling

 

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companies have been pressured by the prospect of margin pressure resulting from new capacity additions and the prospect of lower capital spending by their upstream client base. Commodity price pressure stem from strong non-OPEC supply growth, softening global demand, and shifting OPEC policy. Midstream processing and transport companies have thus far not been materially pressured by falling commodity prices, although reduced upstream capital spending would impact volume growth. Refiners have seen positive near term impacts from lower feedstock costs. Aegon evaluated the near-term prospects of the issuers in relation to the severity and duration of the unrealized loss and does not consider those investments to be impaired as of June 30, 2015.

There are no individual issuers rated below investment grade in the corporate – energy industry sector which have unrealized loss positions greater than EUR 25 million.

Sovereign

Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK’s government issued available-for-sale debt securities include emerging market sovereign bonds, US Treasury bonds, agency and state bonds. Aegon evaluated the near-term prospects of the issuers and it is believed that the contractual terms of these investments will be met and these investments are not impaired as of June 30, 2015.

There are no individual issuers rated below investment grade in the sovereign sector which have unrealized loss positions greater than EUR 25 million.

Unrealized loss by maturity

The table below shows the composition by maturity of all available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position held by Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK.

 

     

 

Jun. 30, 2015

     Dec. 31, 2014
EUR millions    Carrying value of
securities with gross
unrealized losses
     Gross unrealized
losses
     Carrying value of
securities with gross
unrealized losses
     Gross unrealized
losses

One year or less

     614         (8)         674       (6)

Over 1 through 5 years

     3,527         (134)         3,178       (136)

Over 5 through 10 years

     5,657         (179)         3,891       (145)

Over 10 years

     8,992         (707)         4,268       (425)

Total

     18,791          (1,028)          12,011        (713) 

Unrealized loss by credit quality

The table below shows the composition by credit quality of debt securities, available-for-sale, in an unrealized loss position held by Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK.

 

     

 

Jun. 30, 2015

     Dec. 31, 2014
EUR millions   

Carrying value of

securities with gross

unrealized losses

    

Gross

    unrealized

losses

    

Carrying value of

        securities with gross

unrealized losses

    

Gross

    unrealized

losses

AAA

     5,495         (154)         2,980       (44)

AA

     2,116         (43)         1,209       (25)

A

     3,619         (186)         2,080       (93)

BBB

     5,422         (386)         3,570       (250)

BB

     1,146         (155)         1,060       (172)

B

     476         (34)         615       (41)

Below B

     516         (70)         498       (89)

Treasury Agency

     18,791          (1,028)          12,011        (713) 

 

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The table below provides the length of time an available-for-sale security has been below cost and the respective unrealized loss.

 

         
                                
      Jun. 30, 2015
EUR millions    Investment grade
carrying value of
securities with gross
unrealized losses
     Below investment grade
carrying value of
securities with gross
unrealized losses
     Investment
grade
unrealized
loss
     Below
investment
grade
unrealized loss

0 – 6 months

     12,032           686           (421)       (25)

6 – 12 months

     1,467           457           (64)       (37)

> 12 months

     3,153           996           (283)       (197)

Total

     16,652            2,139            (769)        (259) 

 

         
                                
      Dec. 31, 2014
EUR millions   

Investment grade

carrying value of

securities with gross

unrealized losses

    

Below investment grade

carrying value of

securities with gross

unrealized losses

    

Investment

grade

unrealized

loss

    

Below

investment

grade

unrealized loss

0 – 6 months

     4,799           1,058           (104)       (58)

6 – 12 months

     637           104           (21)       (9)

> 12 months

     4,403           1,011           (286)       (234)

Total

     9,839            2,173            (411)        (302) 

The unrealized loss improved significantly during 2014 due to declining interest rates. Credit spreads widened during 2014, which partially offset this improvement.

Aging and severity unrealized losses

The table below provides the length of time a below investment grade security has been in an unrealized loss and the percentage of carrying value (CV) to amortized cost in Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK.

 

Aging and severity unrealized losses                              
      Jun. 30, 2015      Dec. 31, 2014
EUR millions    Carrying value      Unrealized losses       Carrying value      Unrealized losses

CV 70-100% of amortized cost

     685           (24)          1,054         (55)

CV 40-70% of amortized cost

     1           (1)          4         (3)

CV < 40% of amortized cost

     -               -               -             -  

0-6 months

     686            (25)           1,058          (58) 
     

CV 70-100% of amortized cost

     449           (32)          104         (9)

CV 40-70% of amortized cost

     7           (3)          -             -  

CV < 40% of amortized cost

     1           (2)          -             -  

6-12 months

     457            (37)           104          (9) 
     

CV 70-100% of amortized cost

     129           (11)          137         (9)

CV 40-70% of amortized cost

     9           (7)          17         (14)

CV < 40% of amortized cost

     -               -               -             (1)

12-24 months

     138            (18)           154          (24) 
     

CV 70-100% of amortized cost

     842           (154)          713         (118)

CV 40-70% of amortized cost

     9           (8)          136         (76)

CV < 40% of amortized cost

     7           (16)          7         (16)

> 24 months

     858            (179)           857          (210) 
                                 

Total

     2,139            (259)           2,173          (302) 

There is one individual issuer, Belfius Bank SA, rated below investment grade that has an unrealized loss greater than EUR 25 million. This issuer has been separately disclosed above in the Corporate – Financial Sector – Banking Sub-Sector.

 

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Realized gains and losses on debt securities of Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK

The following table provides the realized gains and losses on the debt securities of Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK for the six months ended June 30, 2015, and June 30, 2014.

 

Gross realized losses

 

             

 

EUR millions

   Gross realized gains      Gross realized losses
   

June 30, 2015

             

Debt securities

     368         (116)
   

June 30, 2014

             

Debt securities

     219         (52)

The table below provides the length of time the security was below cost prior to the sale and the respective realized loss for assets not considered impaired.

 

Gross realized losses

 

                             
EUR millions      0 -12 months        >12 months        Total  
   

June 30, 2015

                                

Debt securities

       (81)           (35)           (116)   
   

June 30, 2014

                                

Debt securities

       (31)           (21)           (52)   

Impairment losses and recoveries

The composition of Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK’s bond impairment losses and recoveries by issuer for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014 is presented in the table below. Those issuers with impairments or recoveries above EUR 25 million are specifically noted.

 

     

 

Jun. 30,
2015

     Jun. 30,
2014
EUR millions    (impairment)
Recovery
    

(impairment)

Recovery

     

Impairments:

         

Other (none individually greater than EUR 25 million)

     (33)       (12)

Subtotal

     (33)        (12) 
     

Recoveries:

         

Total recoveries

     (28)       29  

Subtotal

     (28)        29   
     

Net (impairments) and recoveries

     (5)        18   

Net (impairments) and recoveries

Net impairments for the six months ended June 30, 2015, totaled EUR (5) million (six months ended June 30, 2014: EUR 18 million net recoveries).

 

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For the six months ended June 30, 2015, Aegon recognized EUR 28 million (six months ended June 30, 2014: EUR 29 million) in recoveries on previously impaired securities. In each case where a recovery was taken on structured securities, improvements in underlying cash flows for the security were documented and modeling results improved significantly. Recoveries on non-structured securities were supported by documented credit events combined with significant market value improvements.

Equity instruments classified as available-for-sale

Objective evidence of impairment of an investment in an equity instrument classified as available-for-sale includes information about significant changes with an adverse effect that have taken place in the technological, market, economic or legal environment in which the issuer operates, and indicates that the cost of the investment in the equity instrument may not be recovered. A significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of an investment in an equity instrument below its cost is also objective evidence of impairment. Significant or prolonged decline is generally defined within Aegon as an unrealized loss position for more than six months or a fair value of less than 80% of the cost price of the investment. Additionally, as part of an ongoing process, the equity analysts actively monitor earnings releases, company fundamentals, new developments and industry trends for any signs of possible impairment.

These factors typically require significant management judgment. The impairment review process has resulted in EUR 2 million of impairment charges for the six months ended June 30, 2015 (six months ended June 30, 2014: EUR 2 million) for Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK.

As of June 30, 2015, there are EUR 98 million of gross unrealized gains and no gross unrealized losses in the equity portfolio of Aegon (December 31, 2014: EUR 239 million of gross unrealized gains and EUR 8 million of gross unrealized losses). There are no securities held by Aegon with an unrealized loss above EUR 5 million. The table below represents the unrealized gains and losses on share positions held by Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK.

 

Unrealized losses on shares

 

                                                     
EUR millions   

Cost

basis

    

Carrying

value

    

Net

unrealized

gains /

(losses)

    

Carrying value

of securities with

gross unrealized

gains

    

Gross

unrealized

gains

    

Carrying value of

securities with

gross unrealized

losses

     Gross
unrealized
losses
   

June 30, 2015

                                                          

Shares

     435         625         190         553         200         71       (10)
   

December 31, 2014

                                                          

Shares

     444         610         166         538         177         72       (11)

 

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The composition of shares by industry sector in an unrealized loss position held by Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2014 is presented in the table below.

 

Unrealized losses on shares

 

 

 

   Jun. 30, 2015      Dec. 31, 2014
     
EUR millions   

Carrying value

of instruments

with unrealized
losses

    

Gross

unrealized

losses

    

Carrying value

of instruments

with unrealized
losses

    

Gross

unrealized

losses

Consumer

     13           -            12        

Financials

     54           (10)         54         (11)

Funds

     4           -            5         (1)

Other

     -                   -        

Total

     71         (10)         72       (11)

Impairment losses on shares

The table below provides the length of time the shares held by Aegon Americas, Aegon the Netherlands and Aegon UK were below cost prior to impairment during the first six months of 2015 and during the first six months of 2014.

 

Impairment losses on shares

 

                           
EUR millions      0 - 12 months        > 12 months        Total
   

2015

                            

Shares

       (2)           -           (2)
   

2014

                            

Shares

       (2)           -           (2)

 

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2.5 Results of Operations – first six months 2015 compared to first six months 2014

i GENERAL

 

     
      Six months ended June 30            
EUR millions    2015     2014        %
   

Net underlying earnings

     777        752        

tax on underlying earnings

     240        260         (8)

Underlying earnings before tax geographically

     1,018        1,012        
   

Americas

     648        633        

The Netherlands

     267        259        

United Kingdom

     72        58         24 

New Markets

     113        123         (8)

Holding and other

     (83     (62      (34)

Underlying earnings before tax

     1,018        1,012        
   

Fair value items

     (239     (654      63 

Realized gains/(losses) on investments

     252        308         (18)

Net impairments

     (4     (11      65 

Other income/(charges)

     (11     (20      43 

Run-off businesses

     11        13         (20)

Income before tax (excluding income tax from certain proportionately consolidated joint ventures and associates)

     1,026        649         58 

Income tax from certain proportionately consolidated associates and joint ventures included in income before tax

     18        5        

Income tax

     (198     (127      56 

Of which income tax from certain proportionately consolidated joint ventures and associates

     (18     (5     

Net income

     828        522         59 
   

Net income / (loss) attributable to:

           

Equity holders of AEGON N.V.

     827        522         59 

Non-controlling interests

     -        -        
   

Commissions and expenses

     3,474        2,898         20 

of which operating expenses

     1,825        1,589         15 
   

New life sales

           

Life single premiums

     2,483        2,309        

Life recurring premiums annualized

     820        739         11 

Total recurring plus 1/10 single

     1,068        970         10 
   

New life sales

           

Americas

     298        241         24 

The Netherlands

     62        69         (10)

United Kingdom

     531        527        

New Markets

     177        133         33 

Total recurring plus 1/10 single

     1,068        970         10 
   

New premium production accident and health insurance

     535        497        

New premium production general insurance

     42        35         21 
   

Gross deposits (on and off balance sheet)

           

Americas

     20,619        17,032         21 

The Netherlands

     2,678        1,077        

United Kingdom

     168        124         36 

New Markets

     11,994        8,272         45 

Total gross deposits

     35,460        26,504         34 
   

Net deposits (on and off balance sheet)

           

Americas

     6,317        5,215         21 

The Netherlands

     1,150        309        

United Kingdom

     96        66         47 

New Markets

     3,250        (240     

Total net deposits excluding run-off businesses

     10,814        5,350        

Run-off businesses

     (324     (782      (59)

Total net deposits

     10,490        4,568        

 

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Revenues geographically first six months 2015

 

                   
EUR millions    Americas     

The

Netherlands

    

United

Kingdom

    

New

Markets

    

Holdings

and other
activities

     Eliminations      Segment
Total
    

Joint venture

& Associate

eliminations

     Consolidated
   

Total life insurance gross premiums

     3,443         1,413         2,890         1,372         2         (51)         9,069         (219)       8,851

Accident and health insurance premiums

     1,135         166         25         96         3         (3)         1,421         (12)       1,410

General insurance premiums

     -         279         -         122         -         -         401         (39)       362

Total gross premiums

     4,578         1,858         2,915         1,590         5         (54)         10,892         (270)       10,622

Investment income

     1,826         1,185         1,235         142         192         (192)         4,388         (28)       4,360

Fees and commission income

     849         172         21         403         -         (138)         1,307         (100)       1,208

Other revenues

     7         -         -         4         2         -         14         (5)       9

Total revenues

     7,260         3,216         4,171         2,139         199         (384)         16,601         (402)       16,199

Number of employees, including agent-employees

     12,581         4,490         2,555         8,314         301         -         28,241         -       28,241

Segment information

Aegon conducts its operations through five primary reporting segments:

 

  1.

Aegon Americas: Covers business units in the United States, Canada, Brazil and Mexico, including any of the units’ activities located outside these countries;

 

  2.

Aegon the Netherlands: Covers businesses operating in the Netherlands;

 

  3.

Aegon UK: Covers businesses operating in the United Kingdom;

 

  4.

New Markets: Covers businesses operating in Central & Eastern Europe; Asia, Spain and Portugal, as well as Aegon’s variable annuity activities in Europe and Aegon Asset Management that are aggregated as one reportable segment due to their respective size;

 

  5.

Holding and other activities: Includes financing, employee and other administrative expenses of holding companies.

These segments are based on the business as presented in internal reports that are regularly reviewed by the Executive Board which is regarded as the chief operating decision maker.

Aegon’s segment information is prepared by consolidating on a proportionate basis Aegon’s joint ventures and associated companies.

Performance Measure

A performance measure of reporting segments utilized by the Company is underlying earnings before tax. Underlying earnings before tax reflects Aegon’s profit from underlying business operations and excludes components that relate to accounting mismatches that are dependent on market volatility or relate to events that are considered outside the normal course of business.

Aegon believes that its performance measure underlying earnings before tax provides meaningful information about the underlying results of Aegon’s business, including insight into the financial measures that Aegon’s senior management uses in managing the business. Among other things, Aegon’s senior management is compensated based in part on Aegon’s results against targets using underlying earnings before tax. While many other insurers in Aegon’s peer group present substantially similar performance measures, the performance measures presented in this document may nevertheless differ from the performance measures presented by other insurers. There is no standardized meaning to these measures under IFRS or any other recognized set of accounting standards.

The reconciliation from underlying earnings before tax to income before tax, being the most comparable IFRS measure, is presented in the tables in this note.

 

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Net income

Net income increased to EUR 828 million compared to the first half of 2014 mainly due to a lower loss on fair value items.

Underlying earnings before tax

Aegon’s underlying earnings before tax in the first half of 2015 increased 1% to EUR 1,018 million compared to the first half of 2014. Favorable currency exchange rates and growth in variable annuity, pension in the United States and asset management balances more than offset adverse claims experience, negative persistency and the negative impact related to lower than anticipated reinvestment yields in the United States and Asia, divestments and the reduction in recurring earnings resulting from the assumption changes and model updates implemented in the United States the third quarter of 2014.

Underlying earnings before tax from the Americas increased 2% to EUR 648 million compared to the first half of 2014. Favorable currency movements and growth in variable annuity and pension balances more than offset adverse claims experience, the negative impact related to lower than anticipated reinvestment yields, lower fixed annuity earnings, divestments and the reduction in recurring earnings resulting from the assumption changes and model updates implemented in the third quarter of 2014.

In the Netherlands, underlying earnings before tax increased 3% to EUR 267 million compared to the first half of 2014. This was mainly driven by lower funding costs and favorable mortality results, which were partly offset by higher non-life claims and lower investment income.

Underlying earnings before tax from Aegon’s operations in the United Kingdom were up 24% to EUR 72 million in the first half of 2015 compared to the first half of 2014, primarily due to favorable market movements and lower expenses.

Underlying earnings before tax from New Markets declined 8% to EUR 113 million compared to the first half of 2014. Higher asset management and performance fees, which were mainly driven by an increase in third-party business, were more than offset by higher surrenders in Poland following product changes implemented in the fourth quarter of 2014 and divestments in France and Spain.

Total holding costs increases 34% to EUR 83 million compared to the first half of 2014. This was primarily the result of higher net interest costs following a debt issuance to refinance a perpetual bond in the second quarter of 2014, the cost of which was previously directly accounted for through shareholders’ equity. In addition, higher Solvency II related expenses and the non-recurrence of a gain from interest on taxes recorded in the first quarter of 2014 also had a negative impact.

Fair value items

The loss from fair value items improved to EUR 239 million compared to the first half of 2014. This improvement was mainly driven by a lower loss on the mortgage hedging program in the Netherlands, which was impacted by declining interest rates in the first half of 2014.

Realized gains on investments

Realized gains on investments declined to EUR 252 million compared to the first half of 2014. These were primarily related to portfolio rebalancing in the Netherlands in a low rate environment.

Impairment charges

Impairments remained low as a result of the favorable credit environment and amounted to EUR 4 million negative.

 

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Other charges

Other charges amounted to EUR 11 million, the result of charges for policyholder taxes in the United Kingdom, which were offset by an equal amount in the income tax line.

Run-off businesses

The result from run-off businesses decreased to EUR 11 million compared to the first half of 2014.

Income tax

Income tax amounted to a loss of EUR 198 million in the first half of 2015. The effective tax rate on underlying earnings before tax was 31%, mainly driven by tax credits related to solar energy investments in the United States.

Operating expenses

In the first half, operating expenses increased 15% to EUR 1.8 billion compared to the first half of 2014 driven by a stronger US dollar, higher investments in technology-related initiatives, higher Solvency II costs and an increase in defined benefit expenses. At constant currencies, the increase was 3%.

Sales

Gross deposits increased by 34% compared to the first half of 2014, driven by higher deposits in Aegon Asset Management and growth in bank deposits in the Netherlands. Net deposits, excluding run-off businesses, more than doubled to EUR 10.8 billion compared to the first half of 2014. A rise of inflows in Aegon Asset Management more than offset lower net inflows in variable annuities, which resulted from the enhanced alternative lump sum offer for the legacy GMIB block.

New life sales increased 10% compared to the first half of 2014, mainly due to increased sales of universal life products in the United States and Asia, and favorable currency movements.

New premium production for accident & health insurance increased 8% to EUR 535 million compared to the first half of 2014, as a lower contribution from portfolio acquisitions was more than offset by higher supplemental health sales and a stronger US dollar.

Capital management

Shareholders’ equity increased EUR 0.9 billion compared to the end of 2014 to EUR 24.9 billion at June 30, 2015. This was primarily driven by retained earnings and favorable currency movements, which more than offset lower revaluation reserves on the fixed income portfolio as a result of higher interest rates and credit spreads. The revaluation reserves declined by EUR 1.1 billion to EUR 7.2 billion. Aegon’s shareholders’ equity, excluding revaluation reserves and defined benefit plan remeasurements, amounted to EUR 19.1 billion - or EUR 9.01 per common share at the end of the first half.

The gross leverage ratio improved to 27.7% in the first half of 2015, well within the target range of 26-30%, driven by earnings generated in the first half of 2015, net of payment of the final dividend. Excess capital in the holding increased to EUR 1.5 billion, as dividends paid to the holding and the proceeds of the divestment of La Mondiale Participations more than offset the payment of the final dividend for 2014, interest payments, the effect of currency hedges and operating expenses.

At June 30, 2015, Aegon’s Insurance Group Directive (IGD) ratio amounted to 206%. The capital in excess of the S&P AA threshold in the United States remained above the target level at USD 1.0 billion, despite higher dividends paid to the holding than earnings generated over the period. The IGD ratio, excluding Aegon Bank, in the Netherlands increased to ~225%, due to earnings generated in the first half of 2015. The Pillar I ratio in the United Kingdom, including the with-profit fund, declined to ~135%, resulting from the negative impact of downgrades in the investment portfolio.

 

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ii AMERICAS

 

             

 

Six months ended June 30

                 
In millions    2015      2014      %      2015      2014      %  
       USD         USD            EUR         EUR        
   

Net underlying earnings

     543         608         (11)         487         443         10    

Tax on underlying earnings

     180         260         (31)         161         190         (15)   

Underlying earnings before tax by line of business

     723         868         (17)         648         633           
   

Life insurance

     69         178         (61)         62         130         (53)   

Accident & health insurance

     95         131         (28)         85         96         (11)   

Life & Protection

     164         309         (47)         147         226         (35)   

Retirement plans

     140         126         11         126         92         36    

Mutual funds

     21         23         (6)         19         17         15    

Variable annuities

     284         229         24          254         167         52    

Fixed annuities

     65         110         (41)         58         80         (27)   

Stable value solutions

     51         55         (8)         45         40         13    

Investment & retirement

     561         543                 502         396         27    

Canada

     -         14         -         -         10         -   

Latin America

     (1)         2         -         (1)         1         -   

Underlying earnings before tax

     723         868         (17)         648         633           
   

Fair value items

     (423)         (229)         (85)         (379)         (167)         (127)   

Realized gains/(losses) on investments

     (60)         82         -         (54)         60         -   

Net impairments

     5         25         (79)         5         18         (74)   

Other income/(charges)

     -         (11)         -         -         (8)         -   

Run-off businesses

     12         18         (35)         11         13         (20)   

Income before tax (excluding income tax from certain proportionately consolidated joint ventures and associates)

     257         754         (66)         230         550         (58)   

Income tax from certain proportionately consolidated associates and joint ventures included in income before tax

     2         2         (23)         1         1         37    

Income tax

     (5)         (157)         97          (4)         (115)         96    

Of which income tax from certain proportionately consolidated joint ventures and associates

     (2)         (2)         23          (1)         (1)         (37)   

Net income

     252         597         (58)         226         435         (48)   
   

Net income / (loss) attributable to:

                   

Equity holders of AEGON N.V.

     252         597         (58)         226         435         (48)   
   

Commissions and expenses

     2,345         2,255                 2,101         1,645         28    

of which operating expenses

     903         925         (2)         809         675         20    
   

New life sales

                   

Life single premiums

     78         146         (47)         70         106         (35)   

Life recurring premiums annualized

     325         316                 291         230         27    

Total recurring plus 1/10 single

     333         330                 298         241         24    
   

Life & protection

     311         277         12          278         202         38   

Canada

     -         34         -         -         25         -   

Latin America

     22         18         20          20         13         47   

Total recurring plus 1/10 single

     333         330                 298         241         24    
   

New premium production accident and health insurance

 

    

 

566

 

  

 

    

 

647

 

  

 

    

 

(13)

 

  

 

    

 

507

 

  

 

    

 

472

 

  

 

    

 

7

 

  

 

             

 

Six months ended June 30

                 
In millions    2015           2014           %          2015           2014           %    
       USD              USD                 EUR              EUR             
   

Gross deposits (on and off balance sheet) by line of business

                   

Life & protection

     4         4         (14)         3         3         6   

Retirement plans

     15,858         16,429         (3)         14,207         11,989         19   

Mutual funds

     2,531         2,163         17         2,268         1,578         44   

Variable annuities

     4,466         4,513         (1)         4,001         3,293         22   

Fixed annuities

     151         159         (5)         135         116         16   

Investment & retirement

     23,006         23,263         (1)         20,611         16,976         21   

Canada

     -         63         -         -         46         -   

Latin America

     6         9         (34)         5         7         (19)   

Total gross deposits

     23,015         23,340         (1)         20,619         17,032         21    
   

Net deposits (on and off balance sheet) by line of business

                   

Life & protection

     (22)         (19)         (13)         (19)         (14)         (38)   

Retirement plans

     6,651         7,270         (9)         5,959         5,305         12    

Mutual funds

     (49)         357         -         (44)         261         -   

Variable annuities

     1,388         2,331         (40)         1,244         1,701         (27)   

Fixed annuities

     (918)         (1,439)         36         (822)         (1,050)         22    

Stable value solutions

     -         (1,193)         -         -         (871)         -   

Investment & retirement

     7,073         7,325         (3)         6,337         5,345         19    

Canada

     -         (165)         -         -         (120)         -   

Latin America

     -         6         -         -         4         -   

Total net deposits excluding run-off businesses

     7,051         7,147         (1)         6,317         5,215         21    

Run-off businesses

     (361)         (1,072)         66         (324)         (782)         59   

Total net deposits

     6,690         6,075         10         5,993         4,433         35    

Exchange rates

Closing exchange rates

 

                       USD      CAD

June 30, 2015

             EUR                    1.1142                  1.3910

December 31, 2014

             EUR        1.3692      1.4584

Weighted average exchange rates

 

                       USD      CAD

YTD 2015

             EUR                    1.1162                  1.3773

YTD 2014

             EUR        1.3704      1.5033

 

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Net income

Net income from Aegon’s businesses in the Americas declined to USD 252 million in the first half of 2015 compared to the first half of 2014, driven by lower underlying earnings before tax, higher losses from fair value items and losses on investments.

Realized losses on investments of USD 60 million were primarily driven by an underperformance of oil and gas related investments. Gross impairments remained low and were more than offset by recoveries on residential mortgage-backed securities, resulting in a net positive USD 5 million in the first half of 2015.

The results of run-off businesses declined to USD 12 million compared to the first half of 2014.

Underlying earnings before tax

Underlying earnings before tax from the Americas in the first half of 2015 amounted to USD 723 million. Compared to the first half 2014, higher underlying earnings before tax from growth in the variable annuity and pension balances, driven by both markets and net inflows, were more than offset by adverse claims experience, the impact of the actuarial assumption changes and model updates implemented in the third quarter of 2014, lower fixed annuity underlying earnings before tax and the divestment of Canada.

-  

Life & Protection underlying earnings before tax declined to USD 164 million compared to the first half of 2014. underlying earnings before tax from life insurance amounted to USD 69 million, which included adverse mortality, adverse persistency and the negative impact related to lower than anticipated reinvestment yields. Part of the unfavorable mortality was caused by normal seasonality; however, both frequency and severity of claims were higher than expected. Accident & health insurance underlying earnings before tax amounted to USD 95 million, driven by adverse claims experience and higher claims in long-term care.

 

-  

Underlying earnings before tax from Investments & Retirement increased by 3% to USD 561 million compared to the first half of 2014. Retirement plan earnings increased by 11% to USD 140 million compared to the first half of 2014, due to higher fee income from higher account balances. Variable annuity underlying earnings before tax were up 24% to USD 284 million compared to the first half of 2014, the result of higher fee income from higher account balances and model adjustments. Underlying earnings before tax from retail mutual funds declined slightly to USD 21 million compared to the first half of 2014. Fixed annuity underlying earnings before tax declined to USD 65 million compared to the first half of 2014, driven by the impact of continued balance reduction and an adjustment to the intangible balances that resulted from asset portfolio changes. Underlying earnings before tax from stable value solutions declined to USD 51 million compared to the first half of 2014, due to lower account balances resulting from net outflows.

 

-  

Latin America contributed a loss of USD 1 million in underlying earnings before tax.

Fair value items

Results from fair value items amounted to a loss of USD 423 million. Fair value hedges with an accounting match, which include the hedges on Aegon’s GMWB variable annuities, contributed a loss of USD 111 million, primarily caused by the tightening of the spread between the swap and treasury curves. The loss on fair value hedges without an accounting match under IFRS, relating to the macro hedge on the GMIB variable annuities block, was USD 228 million. This was driven by an increase in interest rates impacting the death benefit riders on withdrawal benefit contracts, adjustments to the equity hedge program, rising equity markets and losses related to the successful uptake of the enhanced alternative lump sum offering for legacy GMIB products. Fair value investments amounted to a loss of USD 76 million, primarily driven by an underperformance of oil and gas related investments, private equity and hedge funds. Other fair value items amounted to a loss of USD 10 million, mainly resulting from the decline in value of interest rate hedges that protect against low interest rates.

 

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Operating expenses

Operating expenses decreased to USD 903 million compared to the first half of 2014, mainly due to the divestment of Canada. Excluding this divestment, expenses increased by 4% compared with the first half of 2014. This was driven by growth of the business, investments in technology and higher employee benefit expenses, the latter being partly related to the drop in interest rates.

Sales

New life sales were up 1% to USD 333 million compared to the first half of 2014, as growth in indexed universal life production more than offset the divestment of Canada and the withdrawal of the universal life secondary guarantee product due to the low interest rate environment. New premium production for accident and health insurance declined to USD 566 million compared to the first half of 2014, mainly resulting from a lower contribution from portfolio acquisitions than in the comparable quarter. Excluding these acquisitions, sales were 2% higher than in the first half of 2014.

Gross deposits amounted to USD 23.0 billion. Gross deposits in pensions declined to USD 15.9 billion compared to the first half of 2014, primarily due to lower takeover deposits. However, recurring deposits increased compared with the first half of 2014, both from new plan participants and higher contributions resulting from the continued focus on retirement readiness. Gross deposits in variable annuities were stable at USD 4.5 billion compared to the first half of 2014, as product adjustments implemented in the previous quarters in response to the low interest rate environment dampened growth. Gross deposits in mutual funds were up 17% to USD 2.5 billion compared to the first half of 2014.

Net deposits, excluding run-off businesses, were stable at USD 7.1 billion compared to the first half of 2014. Net deposits for retirement plans were down to USD 6.7 billion compared to the first half of 2014, driven by lower takeover deposits and higher contract discontinuances. In the first half of 2015, the asset retention rate increased to approximately 13%, up from 11% in the first half of 2014. Net deposits in variable annuities amounted to USD 1.4 billion, mainly due to outflows resulting from the successful enhanced alternative lump sum offer for the legacy GMIB block, which generated outflows of USD 0.8 billion. Net deposits on the core variable annuity block remained approximately USD 2.2 billion. Net outflows in mutual funds were USD 49 million. Fixed annuities experienced net outflows of USD 0.9 billion in line with the strategic repositioning of the business.

 

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iii THE NETHERLANDS

 

      Six months ended June 30          
EUR millions    2015      2014        %  
   

Net underlying earnings

     207         202             

Tax on underlying earnings

     60         58           4   

Underlying earnings before tax by line of business

     267         259             
   

Life and Savings

     162         152             

Pensions

     106         96           11    

Non life

     (10)         4           -   

Distribution

     7         7           (4)   

Share in underlying earnings before tax of associates

     2         1           135    

Underlying earnings before tax

     267         259             
   

Fair value items

     246         (443)           -   

Realized gains/(losses) on investments

     241         131           84    

Net impairments

     (8)         (4)           (79)   

Other income/(charges)

     (22)         (8)           (171)   
   

Income before tax

     725         (65)             
   

Income tax

     (168)         26           -   

Net income

     557         (38)             
   

Net income / (loss) attributable to:

          

Equity holders of AEGON N.V.

     557         (38)           -   
   

Commissions and expenses

     539         518             

of which operating expenses

     410         380             
   

New life sales

          

Life single premiums

     401         576           (30)   

Life recurring premiums annualized

     22         12           86    

Total recurring plus 1/10 single

     62         69           (10)   
   

Life and Savings

     19         21           (13)   

Pensions

     44         48           (9)   

Total recurring plus 1/10 single

     62         69           (10)   
   

New premium production accident and health insurance

     7         7             

New premium general insurance

     15         14             
   

Gross deposits (on and off balance sheet) by line of business

          

Life and Savings

     2,610         1,042           150    

Pensions

     68         35           98    

Total gross deposits

     2,678         1,077           149    
   

Net deposits (on and off balance sheet) by line of business

          

Life and Savings

     1,082         275           -   

Pensions

     68         35           98   

Total net deposits

     1,150         309           -   

 

Net income

Net income from Aegon’s businesses in the Netherlands increased to EUR 557 million for the first half of 2015 compared to the first half of 2014. Fair value items amounted to EUR 246 million, mainly a result of the positive impact of rising credit spreads and interest rates in the first half of 2015. Realized gains on investments increased to EUR 241 million compared to the first half of 2014 and were the result of portfolio rebalancing in a low rate environment. Impairments amounted to EUR 8 million negative. Other charges amounted to EUR 22 million and included a EUR 11 million charge for the restructuring of the non-life business.

Underlying earnings before tax

Underlying earnings before tax from Aegon’s operations in the Netherlands increased to EUR 267 million compared to the first half of 2014. This increase was mainly the result of higher investment income, lower funding costs and favorable mortality, which more than offset higher non-life claims.

 

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Life & Savings underlying earnings before tax increased to EUR 162 million compared to the first half of 2014. This was mainly driven by higher investment income, primarily generated by profitable mortgage production, and lower funding costs.

 

 

Underlying earnings before tax from the Pension business were up to EUR 106 million compared to the first half of 2014. Favorable mortality more than offset lower investment income. The latter was the result of rebalancing the fixed income portfolio.

 

 

The underlying earnings before tax from the Non-life business amounted to a loss of EUR 10 million. This was driven by a continuation of the high level of claims in the proxy channel and commercial lines. Aegon has taken the decision to restructure its non-life activities and is on track to achieve the announced exits of its proxy channel and commercial lines business before year-end 2015.

 

 

Underlying earnings before tax from the distribution businesses were stable at EUR 7 million compared to the first half of 2014, as lower fee income was offset by lower expenses.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses increased to EUR 410 million compared to the first half of 2014, mainly the result of a EUR 11 million charge related to the non-life business, investments to support the growth of the pension administration business and new ventures. In addition, employee benefit plan expenses increased as a result of the low interest rate environment.

Sales and deposits

New life sales amounted to EUR 62 million. Pension sales declined to EUR 44 million compared to the first half of 2014, due to the absence of pension buyouts in the current low interest rate environment. Individual life sales were down to EUR 19 million compared to the first half of 2014, driven by the competition from bank products.

Gross deposits amounted to EUR 2.7 billion, which was mainly the result of the performance of Knab, Aegon’s online bank in the Netherlands.

Production of mortgages amounted to EUR 2.4 billion, of which EUR 1 billion was related to third-party investor demand. Premium production for accident & health and general insurance amounted to EUR 22 million.

 

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iv UNITED KINGDOM

 

 

             

 

Six months ended June 30

                 
In millions    2015      2014      %      2015      2014      %  
       GBP            GBP               EUR            EUR           
   

Net underlying earnings

     53         48         11         72         58         24    

Tax on underlying earnings

     -         -         -         1         1         -   

Underlying earnings before tax by line of business

     53         48         10         72         58         24    
   

Life

     35         39         (11)         47         47         -   

Pensions

     18         9         102         25         11         127   

Underlying earnings before tax

     53         48         10         72         58         24    
   

Fair value items

     (22)         (13)         (68)         (30)         (16)         (88)   

Realized gains/(losses) on investments

     41         93         (56)         56         113         (50)   

Other income/(charges)

     7         (2)         -         10         (2)         -   

Income before tax

     80         126         (37)         109         154         (29)   

Income tax attributable to policyholder return

     (7)         (16)         52         (10)         (19)         46    

Income before tax on shareholders return

     72         111         (35)         99         135         (27)   

Income tax on shareholders return

     (4)         (14)         68         (6)         (17)         65    

Net income

     68         97         (30)         93         118         (21)   
   

Net income / (loss) attributable to:

                   

Equity holders of AEGON N.V.

     68         97         (30)         93         118         (21)   
   

Commissions and expenses

     260         287         (9)         355         350           

     of which operating expenses

     130         154         (16)         178         188         (5)   
   

New life sales

                   

Life single premiums

     779         907         (14)         1,064         1,104         (4)   

Life recurring premiums annualized

     311         342         (9)         425         416         2   

Total recurring plus 1/10 single

     389         433         (10)         531         527           
   

Life

     26         27         (3)         36         33         9   

Pensions

     363         406         (11)         496         494         -   

Total recurring plus 1/10 single

     389         433         (10)         531         527           
   

Gross deposits (on and off balance sheet) by line of business

                   

Pensions

     123         102         21         168         124         36   

Total gross deposits

     123         102         21         168         124         36    
   

Net deposits (on and off balance sheet) by line of business

                   

Variable annuities

     (29)         (38)         25         (39)         (46)         15   

Pensions

     99         92         8         135         112         21   

Total net deposits

     70         54         31         96         66         47   

Exchange rates

Closing exchange rates

 

                       GBP

June 30, 2015

             EUR        0.7085

December 31, 2014

             EUR                    0.7760

Weighted average exchange rates

 

                       GBP

YTD 2015

             EUR                    0.7322

YTD 2014

             EUR        0.8212

Net income

Net income from Aegon’s businesses in the UK declined to GBP 68 million for the first half of 2015 compared to the first half of 2014. The loss from fair value items of GBP 22 million resulted from unrealized losses on equity hedges to protect the capital position and a charge relating to investments in inflation-linked bonds caused by a fall in inflation. Realized gains on investments declined to GBP 41 million compared to the first half of 2014 and were the result of portfolio rebalancing actions in order to reduce interest rate risk. Other income amounted to GBP 7 million, mainly driven by charges for policyholder taxes which were offset by an equal amount in the income tax line.

 

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Underlying earnings before tax

Underlying earnings before tax from Aegon’s operations in the UK increased to GBP 53 million compared to the first half of 2014. This increase was mainly driven by lower expenses and positive market movements.

 

Underlying earnings before tax from Life declined to GBP 35 million compared to the first half of 2014, as selective de-risking of the investment portfolio in order to improve Aegon’s capital position under Solvency II was offset by the benefit from model updates.

 

Underlying earnings before tax from Pensions were up to GPB 18 million compared to the first half of 2014, primarily driven by lower expenses and positive market movements.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses declined to GBP 130 million compared to the first half of 2014, driven by the reduction of business transformation costs and cost reduction programs.

Sales and deposits

The net inflow on Aegon’s platform increased to GBP 1.0 billion compared to the first half of 2014, mainly driven by a combination of new money coming in and the upgrading of existing customers. As a result, total assets on the platform grew from the second quarter of 2014 to GBP 4.6 billion at the end of second quarter of 2015.

Total new life sales were down to GBP 389 million compared to the first half of 2014, mainly as a result of lower traditional pension production and lower volumes arising from auto-enrollment.

 

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v New Markets

 

     

 

Six months ended June 30          

 
EUR millions    2015     2014     %  
   

Net underlying earnings

     68        89        (24)   

Tax on underlying earnings

     46        34        35    

Underlying earnings before tax by line of business

     113        123        (8)   
   

Central & Eastern Europe

     15        38        (60)   

Asia

     (1     6        -   

Spain & Portugal

     6        19        (66)   

Variable Annuities Europe

     -        4        (94)   

Aegon Asset Management

     92        56        64    

Underlying earnings before tax

     113        123         (8)   
   

Fair value items

     (8     8        -   

Realized gains/(losses) on investments

     9        4        147    

Net impairments

     (1     (24     97    

Other income/(charges)

     -        (1     93    

Income before tax (excluding income tax from certain proportionately consolidated joint ventures and associates)

     114        109           

Income tax from certain proportionately consolidated associates and joint ventures included in income before tax

     17        (4     -   

Income tax

     (46     (32     (45)   

Of which income tax from certain proportionately consolidated joint ventures and associates

     (17     4        -   

Net income

     67        77         (13)   
   

Net income / (loss) attributable to:

        

Equity holders of AEGON N.V.

     67        77        (13)   

Non-controlling interests

     -        -        -   
   

Commissions and expenses

     592        473        25    

of which operating expenses

     402        320        26    
   

New life sales

        

Life single premiums

     949        522        82    

Life recurring premiums annualized

     82        81          

Total recurring plus 1/10 single

     177        133         33    
   

Life and Savings

     172        130        32    

Associates

     5        3        67    

Total recurring plus 1/10 single

     177        133         33    
   

New premium production accident and health insurance

     22        17        29    

New premium general insurance

     27        20        35    
   

Gross deposits (on and off balance sheet) by line of business

        

Central & Eastern Europe

     109        114        (5)   

Asia

     293        252        16    

Spain & Portugal

     10        1        -   

Variable Annuities Europe

     180        172          

Aegon Asset Management

     11,403        7,732        47    

Total gross deposits

     11,994        8,272         45     
   

Net deposits (on and off balance sheet) by line of business

        

Central & Eastern Europe

     (13     (1,453     99   

Asia

     263        240        9   

Spain & Portugal

     4        (2     -   

Variable Annuities Europe

     (73     (30     (139)   

Aegon Asset Management

     3,069        1,006        -   

Total net deposits

     3,250        (240     -   

Exchange rates

Weighted average exchange rates for the currencies of the countries included in the New Markets segment, and which do not report in EUR, are summarized in the table below.

Weighted average exchange rates

 

                  YTD 2015      YTD 2014
Czech Republic Krona (CZK)    1      EUR      27.4844      27.4224
Hungarian Forint (HUF)    1      EUR              306.9078                  306.8401
Indian Rupee (INR)    1      EUR      70.0807      83.0921
New Turkish Lira (TRY)    1      EUR      2.8604      2.9670
Polish Zloty (PLN)    1      EUR      4.14      4.1753
Ren Min Bi Yuan (CNY)    1      EUR      6.9498      8.4753
Romanian Leu (RON)    1      EUR      4.4453      4.4632
Ukranian Grivna (UAH)    1      EUR      23.6996      14.4913

 

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Net income

Aegon’s operations in New Markets recorded a net income of EUR 67 million for the first half of 2015. The loss from fair value items amounted to EUR 8 million mainly as a result of differences between the transactional and functional currencies at Variable Annuities Europe. Impairments of EUR 1 million related to the Hungarian mortgage portfolio. Realized gains amounted to EUR 9 million as a result of regular bond trading activities.

Underlying earnings before tax

In the first half of 2015, Aegon’s underlying earnings before tax from New Markets decreased to EUR 113 million compared to the first half of 2014 as higher asset management fees offset were more than offset by lower underlying earnings before tax in other markets and divestments.

 

- Underlying earnings before tax from Central & Eastern Europe (CEE) decreased to EUR 15 million compared to the first half of 2014 mainly due to increased surrenders in Poland following Aegon’s decision in the fourth quarter of 2014 to cancel back-end loaded fees on unit-linked policies, which had an impact of EUR (17) million.

 

- Asia recorded underlying earnings before tax of EUR 1 million negative, which was mainly driven by unfavorable mortality experience of EUR 4 million and an impact of EUR 2 million from lower than anticipated reinvestment yields.

 

- Underlying earnings before tax from Spain & Portugal declined to EUR 6 million compared to the first half of 2014 as a result of the divestment of Aegon’s stake in La Mondiale and the joint venture with Caja Badajoz.

 

- Variable Annuities Europe declined to nil as a result of increased hedging expenses compared to the first half of 2014.

 

- Underlying earnings before tax from Aegon Asset Management increased 64% to EUR 92 million compared to the first half of 2014. This resulted from higher performance and management fees and favorable currency movements. Origination and performance fees of EUR 21 million were received in China.

 

Operating expenses

Operating expenses increased 26% to EUR 402 million in the first half of 2015 compared to the first half of 2014 due to unfavorable currency movements and growth of the business. At constant currencies, the increase was 16%.

Sales and deposits

New life sales increased 33% to EUR 177 million compared with the first half of 2014.

 

- In Central & Eastern Europe, new life sales increased 2% to EUR 50 million compared to the first half of 2014. Sales growth in Turkey and through the tied-agent network in Hungary more than offset lower sales in Poland resulting from changes in the product offering.
- In Asia, new life sales increased 83% to EUR 105 million compared to the first half of 2014. This was the result of favourable exchange rate movements and higher sales of universal life products in anticipation of price changes implemented at the end of the first quarter of 2015. In addition, sales in China increased as a result of the successful introduction of a new whole life critical illness product.
- In Spain & Portugal, new life sales decreased to EUR 22 million compared to the first half of 2014. The first time contribution of the joint venture with Banco Santander Totta in Portugal was more than offset by lower sales from bancassurance joint ventures in Spain, partly as a result of the divestment of the partnership with Caja Badajoz.

 

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New premium production from Aegon’s accident & health and general insurance businesses increased to EUR 49 million compared to the first half of 2014. This was mainly driven by growth in critical illness and unemployment insurance in Spain.

Gross deposits in New Markets were up 45% to EUR 12.0 billion compared to the first half of 2014. Deposits in Aegon Asset Management increased by EUR 3.7 billion to EUR 11.4 billion compared to the first half of 2014 mainly as a result of higher absolute return fund sales in the United Kingdom, continued success of the Dutch mortgage fund and inflows in Chinese money market, equity and bond funds. Deposits in Asia increased to EUR 293 million compared to the first half of 2014 due to higher variable annuity deposits in Japan. Deposits in Variable Annuities Europe increased to EUR 180 million compared to the first half of 2014.

Net deposits in New Markets amounted to EUR 3.3 billion in the first half of 2015. Net deposits were mainly driven by net inflows for Asset Management in the United Kingdom (EUR 1.8 billion), the Netherlands (EUR 0.9 billion) and China (EUR 0.4 billion).

2.6 Subsequent events

Subsequent events are disclosed in note 20 of the condensed consolidated interim financial statements included in Item 1.

2.7 Capital and liquidity Management

Liquidity and capital resources

In line with its risk tolerance, the goal of Aegon’s capital and liquidity management is to promote stable and strong capital adequacy levels for its businesses on various capital metrics, to make sure the company is able to meet its obligations. Risk tolerance is an important element in Aegon’s Enterprise Risk Management Framework, and focuses on financial strength, continuity, steering of the risk preferences and desired risk culture. The core aim is to establish the organization’s tolerance for risk in order to assist management in carrying out Aegon’s strategy within the Group’s available resources.

Guiding principles

Aegon follows a number of guiding principles, which determine its approach to capital and liquidity management:

  Promote strong capital adequacy in Aegon’s businesses and operating units.
  Manage and allocate capital efficiently to maximize returns and support the strategy.
  Maintain an efficient capital structure with an emphasis on optimizing Aegon’s cost of capital.
  Ensure sufficient liquidity by enforcing strong liquidity risk policies for both business units and the Holding.
  Maintain continued access to international money and capital markets on competitive terms.

Taken together, Aegon believes these guiding principles strengthen the company’s ability to withstand adverse market conditions, enhance its financial flexibility and serve the long term interests of both the company and its stakeholders.

 

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Governance

Aegon’s Corporate Treasury department manages and coordinates capital and liquidity management strategies and processes. The department acts under direction of the Group Risk & Capital Committee.

 

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Capital management

Strategic importance

Aegon’s balanced approach towards capital management plays a vital role in supporting the execution of Aegon’s strategic priorities. These priorities include the shift of capital to markets that offer higher growth prospects and return prospects, and the shift from capital intensive spread business to capital light fee business. In addition, the company is improving its risk profile by further reducing financial leverage. Disciplined risk and capital management support Aegon’s aim to pay a sustainable dividend to its shareholders.

Improving risk profile

Aegon continues to take measures to improve its risk-return profile, to reduce capital volatility and to lower overall capital requirements. These measures include, for instance, the continued run-off of Aegon’s spread-based institutional business in the United States, the strategic growth in in fee-based earnings and extensive asset-liability management and hedging programs. Examples of these programs include hedging the interest rate and equity risk from guarantees in the Netherlands and hedging the capital position in the Americas against adverse equity and fixed income market swings. In addition, Aegon ranks among a limited number of insurance companies actively involved in hedging longevity risk.

Capital requirements and leverage

Aegon’s goal for all units is to maintain a strong financial position in order to sustain losses from adverse business and market conditions. The company’s overall capital management strategy is based on capital adequacy, capital quality and the use of leverage.

Capital adequacy

Capital adequacy is managed at the company, country and business unit level, as well as at the level of individual legal entities within the organization. As a matter of policy, Aegon maintains the capitalization of its business units based on whichever of the following is the most stringent:

  Local regulatory requirements;
  Standard & Poor’s requirements for very strong capitalization for rated entities; and
  Any additionally, self-imposed internal requirements.

Aegon’s Insurance Group Directive ratio - a common measure of capital adequacy in the European Union – decreased from 208% at the end of 2014 to 206% per June 30, 2015. This decrease was mainly driven by negative market impacts over the first half year, the acquisition of the 25% stake in La Banque Postale Asset Management (LBPAM) and external dividends, offset by earnings and the divestiture of La Mondiale.

Leverage metrics

In line with the guiding principles of its capital and liquidity management, Aegon N.V. monitors and manages several leverage metrics:

  Various rating agency leverage metrics;
  Gross financial leverage ratio; and
  Fixed charge coverage.

Aegon’s gross financial leverage ratio is calculated by dividing total financial leverage by total capitalization. Aegon defines total financial leverage as debt or debt-like funding issued for general corporate purposes and for capitalizing Aegon’s business units. Total financial leverage includes hybrid instruments, subordinated and senior debt, and short term debt such as commercial paper.

 

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Aegon’s total capitalization consists of the following components:

  Shareholder’s equity excluding revaluation reserves and the remeasurement of defined benefit plans, based on IFRS as adopted by the EU;
  Non-controlling interests and share options not yet exercised; and
  Total financial leverage.

Aegon’s fixed charge coverage is a measure of the Company’s ability to service its financial leverage. It is the ratio of underlying earnings before tax and prior to the payment of interest expenses on financial leverage to interest payments on financial leverage and preferred dividends. The numbers include the impact of hedging.

 

Debt funding and back-up facilities

Most of Aegon’s debt is issued by Aegon N.V., the parent company. A limited number of other Aegon companies have also issued debt securities, but for the most part these securities are guaranteed by Aegon N.V.

Aegon N.V. has regular access to international capital markets under a USD 6 billion debt issuance program. Access to United States markets is made possible by a separate US shelf registration.

Aegon also has access to domestic and international money markets through its USD 4.5 billion commercial paper programs. At June 30, 2015 Aegon had EUR 125 million outstanding under these programs.

To support its commercial paper programs, need for Letters of Credit (LOC’s), and to enhance its liquidity position, Aegon maintains backup credit and LOC facilities with international lenders. The company’s principal arrangements are a EUR 2 billion syndicated revolving credit facility maturing in 2019 and a USD 2.6 billion syndicated LOC facility maturing in 2020. In addition, Aegon maintains various shorter-dated bilateral backup liquidity and LOC facilities in both committed and uncommitted format.

Operational leverage

Although operational leverage is not considered part of Aegon’s total capitalization, it is an important source of liquidity and funding. Operational leverage relates primarily to financing Aegon’s mortgage portfolios through securitizations and warehouse facilities, and the funding of US Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX redundant reserves.

Liquidity management

Strategic importance

Liquidity management is a fundamental building block of Aegon’s overall financial planning and capital allocation processes. Aegon aims to have sufficient liquidity to meet cash demands even under extreme conditions. The company’s liquidity risk policy sets guidelines for its operating companies in order to achieve a prudent liquidity profile.

Liquidity is coordinated centrally and managed both at Aegon N.V. and at the business unit level. Aegon maintains a liquidity policy that requires all business units to project their sources and uses over a two-year period under normal and severe business and market scenarios. This policy ensures that liquidity is measured and managed consistently across the Company and that liquidity stress management plans are in place.

 

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Sources and uses of liquidity

Aegon’s subsidiaries are primarily engaged in the life insurance business, which is a long-term business with relatively illiquid liabilities and generally matching assets. Liquidity consists of both liquid assets held in investment portfolios, as well as inflows generated by premium payments and customer deposits. These are used primarily to purchase investments, as well as to fund benefit payments to policyholders, policy surrenders, operating expenses, and, if the subsidiary’s capital position so allows, to pay dividends to the holding.

At the holding company Aegon N.V., liquidity is sourced from internal dividends from business units and by accessing capital and money markets. The main sources and uses of liquidity at Aegon N.V. are dividends from subsidiaries and to shareholders, movements in debt, net expenses (including interest), funding operations, and the balance of acquisitions and divestitures.

The ability of Aegon’s insurance subsidiaries to transfer funds to the holding company is constrained by the need for these subsidiaries to remain adequately capitalized to the levels set by local insurance regulations and as administered by local insurance regulatory authorities.

In order to ensure the holding company’s ability to fulfill its cash obligations, it is Aegon’s policy that the holding company holds liquid assets in reserve to fund a minimum of 1.5 years of holding company operating and funding expenses without having to rely on the receipt of funds from its subsidiaries and without the need to access capital and money markets.

Insurance laws and regulations in local regulatory jurisdictions often contain minimum regulatory capital requirements, e.g. 100% of the Authorized Control Level (ACL) for US insurance entities, 100% Solvency I required capital for Dutch insurance companies and 100% Solvency I Pillar 1 capital for insurance companies in the United Kingdom.

The minimum regulatory capital requirements for our main subsidiaries and the actual capitalization levels as per June 30, 2015, are included in the following table:

 

Capital requirements

 

                 
     

Legal/regulatory minimum

capital requirement

   Actual capitalization   

Excess over legal/

regulatory capitalization

   
     100% Authorized Control Level        

United States 1)

   (NAIC RBC ACL)    ~1020% of combined ACL    ~EUR 6.8bln

The Netherlands 2)

   100% Solvency I    ~225% Solvency I    ~EUR 2.4bln

United Kingdom 3)

   100% Solvency I (Pillar 1)    ~135% Solvency I (Pillar 1)    ~EUR 0.7bln

1 Capitalization for the United States represents the internally defined combined risk based capital (“RBC”) ratio of Aegon’s life insurance subsidiaries in the United States. The combined RBC ratio unilizes the NAIC RBC ratio excluding affiliated notes and taking into account excess or deficient amounts related to offshore life affiliates.

2 Excluding the banking activities.

3  Including the With Profit Sub Fund (WPSF) at unaudited 30 June 2015 values (under investigation).

Local insurance regulators generally use their discretionary authority and judgment to restrict and/or prohibit the transfer of funds to the holding company to capital levels well above the minimum capital requirements contained in the applicable insurance regulations. The discretionary nature of the regulatory assessment of capital adequacy creates a natural ambiguity around the exact level of capital

 

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that is required by local regulatory authorities. Precise capitalization levels effectively required by local insurance regulators are often not known in advance, in part because the views and risk tolerances of certain regulators for certain asset classes continue to develop over time, in line with the development and evolution of local, regional and global regulatory capital frameworks. In practice and for transfer of funds purposes, Aegon manages the capitalization of its subsidiaries in excess of the minimum regulatory capital requirements contained in the applicable regulations, as shown in the table above.

The capitalization level and shareholders’ equity of the subsidiaries can be impacted by various factors (e.g. general economic conditions, capital markets risks, underwriting risk factors, changes in government regulations, legal and arbitrational proceedings). To mitigate the impact of such factors on the ability of subsidiaries to transfer funds, the subsidiaries hold additional capital in excess of the levels required by local insurance regulations.

Aegon’s liquidity position

At June 30, 2015, Aegon N.V. held a balance of EUR 1.5 billion in excess capital at group level, compared with EUR 1.2 billion at the end of 2014. The increase is explained by dividends received from country units and the divestiture of the La Mondiale participation which were only partly offset by the acquisition of the 25% stake in La Banque Postale Asset Management (LBPAM), the payment of the final 2014 dividend to shareholders and funding and holding expenses.

Aegon’s liquidity is invested in highly liquid assets, in accordance with the company’s internal risk management policies. Aegon believes its working capital, backed by external funding programs and facilities, is ample for the company’s present requirements.

External dividends

In order to enable equity investors to share in Aegon’s performance, Aegon aims to pay out a sustainable dividend, which may increase based on Aegon’s performance. After investments have been made in new business to generate organic growth, capital generated by Aegon’s operating subsidiaries is available for distribution to the holding company, while maintaining a capital and liquidity position in the operating subsidiaries in line with Aegon’s capital management and liquidity risk policies.

Aegon uses cash flows from its operating subsidiaries to pay holding expenses, including funding costs. The remaining cash flow is available to execute Aegon’s strategy and to fund dividends on its shares. When determining whether to declare or propose a dividend, Aegon’s Executive Board balances prudence with offering an attractive return to shareholders. This is particularly important during adverse economic and/or financial market conditions. Furthermore, Aegon’s operating subsidiaries are subject to local insurance regulations that could restrict dividends to be paid to the holding company. There is no requirement or assurance that Aegon will declare and pay any dividends.

On August 14, 2014, an interim dividend to common shareholders of EUR 0.11 was announced related to the first half of 2014. A final dividend to common shareholders for 2014 of EUR 0.12 per common share was announced on May 20, 2015. An interim dividend for common shares of EUR 0.12 was announced on August 13, 2015, related to the first half of 2015.

 

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Ratings

Aegon’s objective is to maintain excess capital over and above the amount required to maintain an AA financial strength rating and this plays an important role in determining the overall capital management strategy. Aegon maintains strong financial strength ratings from leading international rating agencies for its operating subsidiaries and a strong rating for the holding.

 

Agency

 

                                     
June 30, 2015    Aegon N.V.        Aegon USA        Aegon
The Netherlands
       Aegon UK  
   

Standard & Poor’s

     A-           AA-           AA-           A+   

Moody’s Investors Service

     A3           A1           -           -   

Fitch Ratings

     A           AA-           -           AA-   

 

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Disclaimer

Cautionary note regarding non-IFRS measures

This document includes the following non-IFRS financial measures: underlying earnings before tax, income tax and income before tax. These non-IFRS measures are calculated by consolidating on a proportionate basis Aegon’s joint ventures and associated companies. The reconciliation of these measures to the most comparable IFRS measure is provided in note 3 ‘Segment information’ of Aegon’s Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements. Aegon believes that these non-IFRS measures, together with the IFRS information, provide meaningful information about the underlying operating results of Aegon’s business including insight into the financial measures that senior management uses in managing the business.

Local currencies and constant currency exchange rates

This document contains certain information about Aegon’s results and financial condition presented in USD for the Americas and GBP for the United Kingdom, because those businesses operate and are managed primarily in those currencies. None of this information is a substitute for or superior to financial information about Aegon presented in EUR, which is the currency of Aegon’s primary financial statements.

Forward-looking statements

The statements contained in this document that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements as defined in the US Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The following are words that identify such forward-looking statements: aim, believe, estimate, target, intend, may, expect, anticipate, predict, project, counting on, plan, continue, want, forecast, goal, should, would, is confident, will, and similar expressions as they relate to Aegon. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Aegon undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which merely reflect company expectations at the time of writing. Actual results may differ materially from expectations conveyed in forward-looking statements due to changes caused by various risks and uncertainties. Such risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to the following:

¡   Changes in general economic conditions, particularly in the United States, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom;
¡   Changes in the performance of financial markets, including emerging markets, such as with regard to:
    The frequency and severity of defaults by issuers in Aegon’s fixed income investment portfolios;
    The effects of corporate bankruptcies and/or accounting restatements on the financial markets and the resulting decline in the value of equity and debt securities Aegon holds; and
    The effects of declining creditworthiness of certain private sector securities and the resulting decline in the value of sovereign exposure that Aegon holds;
¡   Changes in the performance of Aegon’s investment portfolio and decline in ratings of Aegon’s counterparties;
¡   Consequences of a potential (partial) break-up of the euro or the potential independence of Scotland from the United Kingdom;
¡   The frequency and severity of insured loss events;
¡   Changes affecting longevity, mortality, morbidity, persistence and other factors that may impact the profitability of Aegon’s insurance products;
¡   Reinsurers to whom Aegon has ceded significant underwriting risks may fail to meet their obligations;
¡   Changes affecting interest rate levels and continuing low or rapidly changing interest rate levels;
¡   Changes affecting currency exchange rates, in particular the EUR/USD and EUR/GBP exchange rates;
¡   Changes in the availability of, and costs associated with, liquidity sources such as bank and capital markets funding, as well as conditions in the credit markets in general such as changes in borrower and counterparty creditworthiness;
¡   Increasing levels of competition in the United States, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and emerging markets;
¡   Changes in laws and regulations, particularly those affecting Aegon’s operations, ability to hire and retain key personnel, the products Aegon sells, and the attractiveness of certain products to its consumers;
¡   Regulatory changes relating to the insurance industry in the jurisdictions in which Aegon operates;
¡   Changes in customer behavior and public opinion in general related to, among other things, the type of products also Aegon sells, including legal, regulatory or commercial necessity to meet changing customer expectations;
¡   Acts of God, acts of terrorism, acts of war and pandemics;
¡   Changes in the policies of central banks and/or governments;
¡   Lowering of one or more of Aegon’s debt ratings issued by recognized rating organizations and the adverse impact such action may have on Aegon’s ability to raise capital and on its liquidity and financial condition;
¡   Lowering of one or more of insurer financial strength ratings of Aegon’s insurance subsidiaries and the adverse impact such action may have on the premium writings, policy retention, profitability and liquidity of its insurance subsidiaries;
¡   The effect of the European Union’s Solvency II requirements and other regulations in other jurisdictions affecting the capital Aegon is required to maintain;
¡   Litigation or regulatory action that could require Aegon to pay significant damages or change the way Aegon does business;
¡   As Aegon’s operations support complex transactions and are highly dependent on the proper functioning of information technology, a computer system failure or security breach may disrupt Aegon’s business, damage its reputation and adversely affect its results of operations, financial condition and cash flows;
¡   Customer responsiveness to both new products and distribution channels;
¡   Competitive, legal, regulatory, or tax changes that affect profitability, the distribution cost of or demand for Aegon’s products;
¡   Changes in accounting regulations and policies or a change by Aegon in applying such regulations and policies, voluntarily or otherwise, may affect Aegon’s reported results and shareholders’ equity;
¡   The impact of acquisitions and divestitures, restructurings, product withdrawals and other unusual items, including Aegon’s ability to integrate acquisitions and to obtain the anticipated results and synergies from acquisitions;
¡   Catastrophic events, either manmade or by nature, could result in material losses and significantly interrupt Aegon’s business; and
¡   Aegon’s failure to achieve anticipated levels of earnings or operational efficiencies as well as other cost saving and excess capital and leverage ratio management initiatives.

Further details of potential risks and uncertainties affecting Aegon are described in its filings with the Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets and the US Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Annual Report. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this document. Except as required by any applicable law or regulation, Aegon expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in Aegon’s expectations with regard thereto or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based.

 

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