By Saumya Vaishampayan 

U.S. stocks fell Monday, pulling back from records as a decline in oil prices weighed on energy stocks.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 58 points, or 0.3%, to 18083. The S&P 500 lost four points, or 0.2%, to 2106, and the Nasdaq Composite slipped seven points, or 0.2%, to 4949.

Oil prices fell, dragging energy stocks lower. Crude-oil futures declined 3.2% to $49.17 a barrel. S&P 500 energy stocks fell the most, down 0.7%. On the Dow industrials, Chevron Corp. fell 0.5% and Exxon Mobil Corp lost 0.8%.

U.S. stocks capped a quiet week with fresh records on Friday. The Dow gained 0.9% to 18140.44, the index's first record for the year. The S&P added 0.6% to 2110.30.

Volatility has declined as stocks have hit fresh records. Some of the international factors that had been contributing to wider stock swings, such as Greece's ongoing debt negotiations, have subsided in recent days. The CBOE Volatility Index, which measures expectations for swings in the S&P 500, fell to 14.3 on Friday, its lowest level for the year.

"You don't have the central bank support that you used to have," said Colin Cieszynski, chief market strategist at CMC Markets, referring to the end of the Federal Reserve's bond-buying program last year. Stock-market gains since the financial crisis have been driven in part by the Fed's easy monetary policy, which made stocks appear more attractive than competing assets, such as bonds. "At the same time, you've got a pretty strong U.S. economy, so you end up stuck in a sideways trading pattern," he said.

Recent gains have propelled the tech-heavy Nasdaq to its highest level in nearly 15 years. The index is within striking distance of its all-time high of 5048.62, set in March 2000.

"In late 90s, there were a lot of legitimate companies, like Cisco [Systems Inc.], that were just wildly overpriced and bid up because people were so greedy," said David Klaskin, chief investment officer at Oak Ridge Investments, which manages $4.6 billion. "We're not at that point at all," he said

As the Nasdaq approaches 5000 this time, he says gains have been driven by strong performances at companies such as Apple Inc. "These are companies that make a good investment thesis, and many of them focus on dividends, which was unheard of back then," he said, referring to tech stocks such as Apple, Microsoft Corp. and Intel Corp., which he owns and says the valuations are reasonable.

Boeing Co. fell the most on the Dow industrials, contributing about 29 points to the Dow's overall loss.

In economic news, sales of previously owned homes slipped 4.9% in January from December to an annual rate of 4.82 million, the slowest pace in nine months. Economists surveyed by The Wall Street Journal had expected sales to fall to a level of 4.98 million. Investors are looking ahead to Federal Reserve Chairwoman Janet Yellen's testimony before Congress on Tuesday and Wednesday.

European stocks rose, with France's CAC 40 adding 0.5% and Germany's DAX up 0.5%. Greece and its creditors on Friday agreed to a four-month extension of the country's bailout program. The agreement soothed fears about a potential exit from the eurozone in the short term. Greece now has to present budget cuts and economic overhauls to the supervisors of the bailout, who will review the proposals on Tuesday.

Gold futures inched up 0.1% to $1205.50 an ounce. Treasury prices rose, with the 10-year yield falling to 2.072% from 2.136% on Friday.

Among individual stocks, Valeant Pharmaceuticals International Inc. said Sunday it would buy Salix Pharmaceuticals Ltd for about $10 billion. Valeant said it would pay $158 a share in cash for Salix, just above Salix's Friday closing price of $157.85. Valeant shares jumped 13%, while those of Salix fell 1.1%.

Goldman Sachs Group Inc. lifted the top end on its range of potential legal losses to about $3 billion. That estimate was about $2.5 billion in November. Shares fell 0.9%.

Write to Saumya Vaishampayan at saumya.vaishampayan@wsj.com

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