By Ian Talley and Nektaria Stamouli
ATHENS--U. S. Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew Thursday urged the
Greek leadership to press ahead with promised economic reforms as
Athens struggles to roll out another round of politically tough
policy overhauls.
Mr. Lew and his lieutenants are trying to help broker a
compromise between Greece and its European creditors still at odds
over how to cut the country's suffocating mountain of debt.
Washington is eager to prevent the Greek crisis metastasizing
again, especially as the global economy is buffeted by a multitude
of headwinds. Anemic European growth is dragging on U.S. output.
The U.K. vote to exit the European Union threatens the bloc's fate
and is weighing on consumer sentiment and investment. And weak
Italian banks are at risk of spreading broader contagion throughout
the financial system.
Greece, the IMF and its European creditors agreed in May to a
third bailout based on Athens further trimming its spending,
raising taxes and liberalizing its economy. The IMF, which has lent
the program credibility to help Greece's European creditors
continue financing the country, said it needed a concrete
debt-relief program before it coughed up more cash for Greece.
Greece's fragile left-led coalition government sold the
controversial policies with the promise of a substantial cut in its
debt.
But that deal has yet to be struck. Debt relief is anathema in
Germany, where leadership is eyeing elections next year.
Participation by the IMF, which is seen as essential to secure debt
relief for Greece, isn't assured.
Failure to resolve the Greek debt problem could exacerbate
broader fears about the eurozone, and the U.S. sees preserving
Greece's stability as vital to its economic and geopolitical
interests, especially given the recent failed coup in Turkey and
the regional immigration crisis.
Greece's Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras, while welcoming Mr. Lew
in his office on Thursday, said, "This is the time that Greece
needs solidarity more than ever from its creditors." And went on to
say substantial debt relief is needed to support the economy and
strengthen Greece's role as pillar of stability in this fragile
region.
Earlier Mr. Lew praised efforts by Athens over the last year to
tighten its budget, including through pension cuts. Those actions,
U.S. officials believe, have helped restore a measure of trust with
the country's European creditors and the International Monetary
Fund.
"It is important as we look toward the remainder of the summer
and the fall that Greece continue to implement the measures that
have already been passed," Mr. Lew said after meeting with Greek
Finance Minister Euclid Tsakalotos. Athens must "make headway on
the next set of milestones due in October, including by following
through on privatization plans and moving forward with critical
financial sector reforms."
Moving ahead with the promised economic policies, including
overhauls of the product and service markets, won't only spur
growth and international investment, but also pave the way for
upcoming debt talks, the secretary said.
"Progress on reforms is also important so that soon European
leaders can begin discussing with the IMF the timing and details of
debt relief," the secretary said. "Putting Greece's debt on a
sustainable path is critical to Greece's long-term economic health,
and I encourage all parties to be flexible to successfully conclude
this fall's negotiations."
Greek officials, meanwhile, are wary of pushing through the
deep-cutting measures with unemployment at 23% and the population
suffering from chronic bailout fatigue after six years of dramatic
belt-tightening. That is one reason why the U.S. wants Germany and
Greece's other European creditors to finally agree to a concrete
plan for debt relief. Failure to do that could once again stall
Athens' economic overhauls, exacerbate anti-euro tensions among
Greek voters and set the stage for more contentious and
stability-threatening negotiations next year.
"The sooner these issues are resolved, the better," Mr. Lew
said.
The U.S. is relatively agnostic about the type of debt relief
Greece receives, as long as it finally puts Greece on a path toward
growth and debt is made manageable. Officials are wary, however, of
the IMF pressing Germany too hard for an actual cut in the value of
the principal. That means further interest rate reductions and
decadeslong maturity extensions appear to be the primary path to a
compromise.
"The right approach is a pragmatic one that gets to a bottom
line that leaves a very clear path forward that is stable and
affordable and sustainable," the secretary said. "I certainly hope
that the discussion over the coming months produces clarity in that
regard.
Greece is bracing for another round of tough negotiations of
economic overhauls for the second bailout review in the fall, which
mainly includes a wide range of tough labor reforms.
Under the terms of the third rescue program, Greece has to
increase its primary surplus, excluding interest, to 3.5% of gross
domestic product by 2018, and maintain that over the medium
term.
Mr. Tsipras said earlier this month meeting that target
consistently over several years "is a joke; it's a fairy tale."
He said Athens is telling creditors the country should set a
more sensible target of 1.5% to 2%, a goal the IMF says is far more
pragmatic.
That, however, would require the EU to give Greece far more
favorable terms on its debt, or even a write-down on the principal
value of the bonds.
Write to Ian Talley at ian.talley@wsj.com and Nektaria Stamouli
at nektaria.stamouli@wsj.com
(END) Dow Jones Newswires
July 21, 2016 09:05 ET (13:05 GMT)
Copyright (c) 2016 Dow Jones & Company, Inc.