UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 

T     QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2016
 
OR

£     TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

  For the transition period from                      to                      

Commission File Number 1-8957
ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.
 
Delaware
 
91-1292054
(State of Incorporation)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 
19300 International Boulevard, Seattle, Washington 98188
Telephone: (206) 392-5040

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  T   No  £  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes T No £
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):
Large accelerated filer      T
Accelerated filer   £  
Non-accelerated filer    £
Smaller reporting company   £
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.): Yes £  No T
 
The registrant has 123,089,982 common shares, par value $0.01, outstanding at July 31, 2016 .




ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.
FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2016

  TABLE OF CONTENTS


As used in this Form 10-Q, the terms “Air Group,” the "Company," “our,” “we” and "us," refer to Alaska Air Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise. Alaska Airlines, Inc. and Horizon Air Industries, Inc. are referred to as “Alaska” and “Horizon,” respectively, and together as our “airlines.”
 

2




CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
In addition to historical information, this Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are those that predict or describe future events or trends and that do not relate solely to historical matters. You can generally identify forward-looking statements as statements containing the words "believe," "expect," "will," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "project," "assume" or other similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical experience or the Company’s present expectations. Some of the things that could cause our actual results to differ from our expectations are:

our pending acquisition and the subsequent merger of Virgin America Inc. (Virgin America);
the competitive environment in our industry;
changes in our operating costs, primarily fuel, which can be volatile;
general economic conditions, including the impact of those conditions on customer travel behavior;
our ability to meet our cost reduction goals;
operational disruptions;
an aircraft accident or incident;
labor disputes and our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel;
the concentration of our revenue from a few key markets;
actual or threatened terrorist attacks, global instability and potential U.S. military actions or activities;
our reliance on automated systems and the risks associated with changes made to those systems;
changes in laws and regulations.

You should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements because the matters they describe are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other unpredictable factors, many of which are beyond our control. Our forward-looking statements are based on the information currently available to us and speak only as of the date on which this report was filed with the SEC. We expressly disclaim any obligation to issue any updates or revisions to our forward-looking statements, even if subsequent events cause our expectations to change regarding the matters discussed in those statements. Over time, our actual results, performance or achievements will likely differ from the anticipated results, performance or achievements that are expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements, and such differences might be significant and materially adverse to our shareholders. For a discussion of these and other risk factors, see Item 1A. "Risk Factors” of the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 , and Item 1A. "Risk Factors" included herein. Please consider our forward-looking statements in light of those risks as you read this report.


3



PART I
 
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)

(in millions)
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current Assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
81

 
$
73

Marketable securities
1,526

 
1,255

Total cash and marketable securities
1,607

 
1,328

Receivables - net
254

 
212

Inventories and supplies - net
45

 
51

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
97

 
72

Total Current Assets
2,003

 
1,663

 
 
 
 
Property and Equipment
 

 
 

Aircraft and other flight equipment
6,198

 
5,690

Other property and equipment
994

 
955

Deposits for future flight equipment
551

 
771

 
7,743

 
7,416

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
2,784

 
2,614

Total Property and Equipment - Net
4,959

 
4,802

 
 
 
 
Other Assets
73

 
65

 
 
 
 
Total Assets
$
7,035

 
$
6,530


See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


4


ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)

(in millions, except share amounts)
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
 
Current Liabilities
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
78

 
$
63

Accrued wages, vacation and payroll taxes
239

 
298

Air traffic liability
870

 
669

Other accrued liabilities
757

 
661

Current portion of long-term debt
117

 
114

Total Current Liabilities
2,061

 
1,805

 
 
 
 
Long-Term Debt, Net of Current Portion
509

 
569

Other Liabilities and Credits
 

 
 

Deferred income taxes
721

 
682

Deferred revenue
480

 
431

Obligation for pension and postretirement medical benefits
271

 
270

Other liabilities
366

 
362

 
1,838

 
1,745

Commitments and Contingencies


 


Shareholders' Equity
 

 
 

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, Authorized: 5,000,000 shares, none issued or outstanding

 

Common stock, $0.01 par value, Authorized: 200,000,000 shares, Issued: 2016 - 128,941,102 shares; 2015 - 128,442,099 shares, Outstanding: 2016 - 123,079,519 shares; 2015 - 125,175,325 shares
1

 
1

Capital in excess of par value
91

 
73

Treasury stock (common), at cost: 2016 - 5,861,583 shares; 2015 - 3,266,774 shares
(444
)
 
(250
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(287
)
 
(303
)
Retained earnings
3,266

 
2,890

 
2,627

 
2,411

Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
$
7,035

 
$
6,530


See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


5


ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share amounts)
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Operating Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Passenger
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline
$
1,036

 
$
1,019

 
$
1,963

 
$
1,920

Regional
227

 
212

 
433

 
398

Total passenger revenue
1,263

 
1,231

 
2,396

 
2,318

Freight and mail
27

 
30

 
51

 
53

Other - net
204

 
176

 
394

 
335

Total Operating Revenues
1,494

 
1,437

 
2,841

 
2,706

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Expenses
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Wages and benefits
332

 
305

 
668

 
611

Variable incentive pay
32

 
32

 
64

 
58

Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses
201

 
261

 
368

 
496

Aircraft maintenance
65

 
52

 
133

 
115

Aircraft rent
26

 
26

 
55

 
52

Landing fees and other rentals
63

 
66

 
143

 
137

Contracted services
60

 
51

 
120

 
102

Selling expenses
55

 
54

 
104

 
107

Depreciation and amortization
92

 
79

 
180

 
155

Food and beverage service
31

 
28

 
62

 
53

Third-party regional carrier expense
24

 
17

 
47

 
33

Other
81

 
94

 
175

 
177

Special items - merger costs
14

 

 
14

 

Total Operating Expenses
1,076

 
1,065

 
2,133

 
2,096

Operating Income
418

 
372

 
708

 
610

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonoperating Income (Expense)
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Interest income
7

 
6

 
13

 
11

Interest expense
(9
)
 
(11
)
 
(22
)
 
(22
)
Interest capitalized
7

 
8

 
15

 
16

Other - net
(3
)
 
1

 
(2
)
 
1

 
2

 
4

 
4

 
6

Income before income tax
420

 
376

 
712

 
616

Income tax expense
160

 
142

 
268

 
233

Net Income
$
260

 
$
234

 
$
444

 
$
383

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic Earnings Per Share:
$
2.11

 
$
1.80

 
$
3.58

 
$
2.93

Diluted Earnings Per Share:
$
2.10

 
$
1.79

 
$
3.56

 
$
2.91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares used for computation:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Basic
123.250

 
129.236

 
123.900

 
130.173

Diluted
123.988

 
130.255

 
124.715

 
131.271

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash dividend declared per share:
$
0.275

 
$
0.20

 
$
0.550

 
$
0.40

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

6


ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE OPERATIONS (unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Income
$
260

 
$
234

 
$
444

 
$
383

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Related to marketable securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period
7

 
(5
)
 
19

 
2

Reclassification of (gains) losses into Other-net nonoperating income (expense)
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
 

Income tax effect
(2
)
 
2

 
(6
)
 
(1
)
Total
4

 
(3
)
 
12

 
1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Related to employee benefit plans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reclassification of net pension expense into Wages and benefits
5

 
5

 
10

 
8

Income tax effect
(2
)
 
(2
)
 
(4
)
 
(3
)
Total
3

 
3

 
6

 
5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Related to interest rate derivative instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period
(2
)
 
1

 
(7
)
 
(3
)
Reclassification of (gains) losses into Aircraft rent
2

 
1

 
3

 
3

Income tax effect

 
(1
)
 
2

 

Total

 
1

 
(2
)
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income
7

 
1

 
16

 
6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive Income
$
267

 
$
235

 
$
460

 
$
389


See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


7


ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2016
 
2015
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net income
$
444

 
$
383

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 

 
 

Depreciation and amortization
180

 
155

Stock-based compensation and other
13

 
14

Changes in certain assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Changes in deferred tax provision
41

 
(44
)
Increase (decrease) in air traffic liability
201

 
209

Increase (decrease) in deferred revenue
48

 
27

Other - net
(28
)
 
145

Net cash provided by operating activities
899

 
889

 
 
 
 
Cash flows from investing activities:
 

 
 

Property and equipment additions:
 

 
 

Aircraft and aircraft purchase deposits
(268
)
 
(490
)
Other flight equipment
(31
)
 
(43
)
Other property and equipment
(41
)
 
(26
)
Total property and equipment additions, including capitalized interest
(340
)
 
(559
)
Purchases of marketable securities
(610
)
 
(711
)
Sales and maturities of marketable securities
357

 
676

Proceeds from disposition of assets and changes in restricted deposits
3

 

Net cash used in investing activities
(590
)
 
(594
)
 
 
 
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
 

 
 

Long-term debt payments
(57
)
 
(58
)
Common stock repurchases
(193
)
 
(262
)
Dividends paid
(68
)
 
(52
)
Other financing activities
17

 
15

Net cash used in financing activities
(301
)
 
(357
)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
8

 
(62
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
73

 
107

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period
$
81

 
$
45

 
 
 
 
Supplemental disclosure:
 

 
 

Cash paid during the period for:
 
 
 
Interest (net of amount capitalized)
$
8

 
$
8

Income taxes paid (received)
182

 
108

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

8



NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

NOTE 1. GENERAL AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Organization and Basis of Presentation
 
The interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Alaska Air Group, Inc. (Air Group or the Company) and its primary subsidiaries, Alaska Airlines, Inc. (Alaska) and Horizon Air Industries, Inc. (Horizon), through which the Company conducts substantially all of its operations. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) for interim financial information. Consistent with these requirements, this Form 10-Q does not include all the information required by GAAP for complete financial statements. As a result, this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes in the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 . In the opinion of management, all adjustments have been made that are necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of June 30, 2016 , as well as the results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 . The adjustments made were of a normal recurring nature.

In preparing these statements, the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Due to seasonal variations in the demand for air travel, the volatility of aircraft fuel prices, changes in global economic conditions, changes in the competitive environment, and other factors, operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the entire year.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements to conform with classifications used in the current year.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" (ASU 2014-09), which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The ASU will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. The new standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. At this time, the Company believes the most significant impact to the financial statements will be in Mileage Plan revenues and liabilities. The Company currently uses the incremental cost approach for miles earned through travel. This standard eliminates that option and the Company will be required to increase its liability for earned miles through a relative selling price model. The Company has not evaluated the full impact of the standard, although application is expected to result in a material increase to Deferred Revenue. The Company has not yet selected a transition method.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, "Interest - Imputation of Interest" (Subtopic 835-30), which requires debt issuance costs related to a debt liability be presented as a direct deduction from the carrying value of the debt liability. The amendment was adopted as of January 1, 2016. Prior period debt balances have been adjusted to reflect the adoption of ASU 2015-03. The adoption of the ASU had no impact on the Statements of Operations or retained earnings.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases" (Topic 842), which requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases currently classified as operating leases. Under the new standard a lessee will recognize a liability on the balance sheet representing the lease payments owed, and a right-of-use-asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. The new standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2019. Early adoption of the standard is permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect that ASU 2016-02 will have on its financial statements and related disclosures. The Company has not yet determined whether it will early adopt the standard.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" (Topic 606), Principal versus Agent Considerations. The proposed standard provides guidance when a revenue transaction involves a third party in providing goods or services to a customer in determining whether the Company is considered the principal or the agent in the transaction. When an entity is engaged to provide the underlying good or service, such entity is classified as the principal in the transaction. When an entity is engaged to arrange for a third party to provide the goods or services, such entity is classified as the agent in the transaction. This ASU has the same effective date as the new revenue standard. Entities are required to adopt this ASU using

9



the same transition method they use to adopt the new revenue accounting standard. The Company is evaluating the effect that ASU 2016-08 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The Company has not yet elected a transition method nor has it determined whether it will early adopt.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, "Compensation - Stock Compensation" (Topic 718). The proposed standard simplifies several aspects of accounting for employee share-based payment awards, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The Company is evaluating the effect of ASU 2016-09 on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The ASU is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The Company has not yet elected a transition method.

NOTE 2. PROPOSED ACQUISITION OF VIRGIN AMERICA INC.

On April 1, 2016 the Company entered into an agreement to acquire Virgin America. The Company has agreed to pay Virgin America shareholders $57 per share, or approximately $2.6 billion , in cash for the outstanding common stock of Virgin America. In addition, the Company expects to assume Virgin America's debt and lease obligations, other than related party debt, on the date of acquisition. The merger has been approved by Virgin America's shareholders and is subject to final approval by various regulatory bodies. We currently expect the transaction will close in the fourth quarter of 2016.

As of June 30, 2016 the Company has incurred merger costs of $14 million . These costs are classified as special items within the Statement of Operations. The Company expects to continue to incur merger costs in the future if the transaction closes.

NOTE 3. CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES

Components for cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities (in millions):
June 30, 2016
Cost Basis
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
Cash
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Cash equivalents
81

 

 

 
81

Cash and cash equivalents
81

 

 

 
81

U.S. government and agency securities
430

 
3

 

 
433

Foreign government bonds
32

 

 

 
32

Asset-backed securities
160

 
1

 

 
161

Mortgage-backed securities
112

 
1

 

 
113

Corporate notes and bonds
762

 
9

 
(1
)
 
770

Municipal securities
17

 

 

 
17

Marketable securities
1,513

 
14

 
(1
)
 
1,526

Total
$
1,594

 
$
14

 
$
(1
)
 
$
1,607


December 31, 2015
Cost Basis
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
Cash
$
4

 
$

 
$

 
$
4

Cash equivalents
69

 

 

 
69

Cash and cash equivalents
73

 

 

 
73

U.S. government and agency securities
254

 

 
(1
)
 
253

Foreign government bonds
31

 

 

 
31

Asset-backed securities
130

 

 

 
130

Mortgage-backed securities
117

 

 
(1
)
 
116

Corporate notes and bonds
711

 
1

 
(4
)
 
708

Municipal securities
17

 

 

 
17

Marketable securities
1,260

 
1

 
(6
)
 
1,255

Total
$
1,333

 
$
1

 
$
(6
)
 
$
1,328



10



Unrealized losses from fixed-income securities are primarily attributable to changes in interest rates. Management does not believe any remaining unrealized losses represent other-than-temporary impairments based on our evaluation of available evidence as of June 30, 2016 .

Activity for marketable securities (in millions):  
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Proceeds from sales and maturities
$
217

 
$
417

 
$
357

 
$
676

Gross realized gains
2

 
1

 
2

 
2

Gross realized losses
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(2
)
 
Maturities for marketable securities (in millions):
June 30, 2016
Cost Basis
 
Fair Value
Due in one year or less
$
363

 
$
363

Due after one year through five years
1,134

 
1,147

Due after five years through 10 years
16

 
16

Due after 10 years

 

Total
$
1,513

 
$
1,526


NOTE 4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

In determining fair value, there is a three-level hierarchy based on the reliability of the inputs used. Level 1 refers to fair values based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, Level 2 refers to fair values estimated using significant other observable inputs and Level 3 refers to fair values estimated using significant unobservable inputs.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments on a Recurring Basis

Fair values of financial instruments on the consolidated balance sheet (in millions):
June 30, 2016
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Total
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
Marketable securities
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government and agency securities
$
433

 
$

 
$
433

Foreign government bonds

 
32

 
32

Asset-backed securities

 
161

 
161

Mortgage-backed securities

 
113

 
113

Corporate notes and bonds

 
770

 
770

Municipal securities

 
17

 
17

Total Marketable securities
433

 
1,093

 
1,526

Derivative instruments
 
 
 
 
 
Fuel hedge call options

 
19

 
19

Total Assets
433

 
1,112

 
1,545

 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative instruments
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap agreements

 
(22
)
 
(22
)
Total Liabilities

 
(22
)
 
(22
)


11



December 31, 2015
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Total
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
Marketable securities
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government and agency securities
$
253

 
$

 
$
253

Foreign government bonds

 
31

 
31

Asset-backed securities

 
130

 
130

Mortgage-backed securities

 
116

 
116

Corporate notes and bonds

 
708

 
708

Municipal securities

 
17

 
17

Total Marketable securities
253

 
1,002

 
1,255

Derivative instruments
 
 
 
 
 
Fuel hedge call options

 
4

 
4

Total Assets
253

 
1,006

 
1,259

 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative instruments
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap agreements

 
(18
)
 
(18
)
Total Liabilities

 
(18
)
 
(18
)

The Company uses the market and income approach to determine the fair value of marketable securities. U.S. government securities are Level 1 as the fair value is based on quoted prices in active markets. Foreign government bonds, asset-backed securities, mortgage-backed securities, corporate notes and bonds, and municipal securities are Level 2 as the fair value is based on standard valuation models that are calculated based on observable inputs such as quoted interest rates, yield curves, credit ratings of the security and other observable market information.

The Company uses the market approach and the income approach to determine the fair value of derivative instruments. The fair value for fuel hedge call options is determined utilizing an option pricing model based on inputs that are readily available in active markets, or can be derived from information available in active markets. In addition, the fair value considers the exposure to credit losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties. Interest rate swap agreements are Level 2 as the fair value of these contracts is determined based on the difference between the fixed interest rate in the agreements and the observable LIBOR-based interest forward rates at period end, multiplied by the total notional value.

The Company has no financial assets that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at June 30, 2016 .

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments

The Company used the following methods and assumptions to determine the fair value of financial instruments that are not recognized at fair value as described below.

Cash and Cash Equivalents : Carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value.

Debt : The carrying amount of the Company's variable-rate debt approximates fair values. For fixed-rate debt, the Company uses the income approach to determine the estimated fair value, by using discounted cash flows using borrowing rates for comparable debt over the weighted life of the outstanding debt. The estimated fair value of the fixed-rate debt is Level 3 as certain inputs used are unobservable.

Fixed-rate debt that is not carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet and the estimated fair value of long-term fixed-rate debt (in millions) is as follows:
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
Carrying amount
$
474

 
$
520

Fair value
509

 
557




12



NOTE 5. MILEAGE PLAN

Alaska's Mileage Plan liabilities and deferrals on the consolidated balance sheets (in millions):
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
Current Liabilities:
 
 
 
Other accrued liabilities
$
391

 
$
368

Other Liabilities and Credits:
 
 
 
Deferred revenue
477

 
427

Other liabilities
19

 
19

Total
$
887

 
$
814

 
Alaska's Mileage Plan revenue included in the consolidated statements of operations (in millions):
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Passenger revenues
$
73

 
$
69

 
$
143

 
$
134

Other - net revenues
108

 
82

 
211

 
159

Total
$
181

 
$
151

 
$
354

 
$
293


NOTE 6. LONG-TERM DEBT
 
Long-term debt obligations on the consolidated balance sheet (in millions):
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
Fixed-rate notes payable due through 2024
$
474

 
$
520

Variable-rate notes payable due through 2025
155

 
166

Less debt issuance costs
(3
)
 
(3
)
Total debt
626

 
683

Less current portion
117

 
114

Long-term debt, less current portion
$
509

 
$
569

 
 
 
 
Weighted-average fixed-interest rate
5.7
%
 
5.7
%
Weighted-average variable-interest rate
2.1
%
 
1.8
%

During the six months ended June 30, 2016 , the Company made debt payments of $57 million . As discussed in Note 1, the Company adopted ASU 2015-03 which resulted in a reclassification of debt issuance costs as an offset to debt in the consolidated balance sheet.

At June 30, 2016 , long-term debt principal payments for the next five years and thereafter are as follows (in millions):
 
Total
Remainder of 2016
$
58

2017
121

2018
151

2019
114

2020
116

Thereafter
69

Total
$
629

 
Bank Lines of Credit
 

13



The Company has two $100 million credit facilities and one $52 million credit facility. All three facilities have variable interest rates based on LIBOR plus a specified margin. One of the $100 million facilities, which expires in September 2017 , is secured by aircraft. The other $100 million facility, which expires in March 2017 , is secured by certain accounts receivable, spare engines, spare parts and ground service equipment. The $52 million facility expires in October 2016 with a mechanism for annual renewal and is secured by two 737-800 aircraft. The Company has no immediate plans to borrow using any of these facilities. All three credit facilities have a requirement to maintain a minimum unrestricted cash and marketable securities balance of $500 million . The Company is in compliance with this covenant at June 30, 2016 .

NOTE 7. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The Company has a number of employee benefit plans, including qualified and nonqualified defined-benefit plans, defined-contribution plans, postretirement medical benefits, and long-term disability benefits. In relation to the qualified plans, net periodic benefit costs recognized included the following components for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 (in millions). Amounts recognized in relation to all other plans were immaterial to the quarter. 
 
Qualified Defined - Benefit Plans
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Service cost
$
9

 
$
10

 
$
18


$
20

Interest cost
19

 
21

 
37


42

Expected return on assets
(27
)
 
(30
)
 
(54
)

(61
)
Recognized actuarial loss (gain)
6

 
6

 
12


13

Total
$
7

 
$
7

 
$
13


$
14



NOTE 8. COMMITMENTS

Future minimum fixed payments for commitments (in millions):
June 30, 2016
Aircraft Leases
 
Facility Leases
 
Aircraft Purchase Commitments
 
Capacity Purchase Agreements (a)
Remainder of 2016
$
39

 
$
47

 
$
305

 
$
34

2017
99

 
90

 
931

 
78

2018
90

 
42

 
725

 
81

2019
82

 
41

 
648

 
86

2020
73

 
40

 
337

 
92

Thereafter
400

 
142

 
400

 
745

Total
$
783

 
$
402

 
$
3,346

 
$
1,116

(a) Includes all non-aircraft lease costs associated with CPA arrangements.

Lease Commitments

At June 30, 2016 , the Company’s fleet includes lease contracts for 21 B737 aircraft and 15 Q400s. Additionally, the fleet includes 15 lease commitments under the CPA with SkyWest, comprising 6 CRJ-700s and 9 E175s. All lease contracts have remaining noncancelable lease terms ranging from 2016 to 2029. The Company has the option to increase capacity flown by SkyWest with 8 additional E175 aircraft with 2017 and 2018 delivery dates.

The majority of airport and terminal facilities are also leased. Rent expense for aircraft and facility leases was $63 million and $67 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Rent expense for aircraft and facility leases was $144 million and $140 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively.

Aircraft Purchase Commitments
 
As of June 30, 2016 , the Company is committed to purchasing 56 B737 aircraft ( 19 737-900ER aircraft and 37 737 MAX aircraft), 33 E175 aircraft and 2 Q400 aircraft, with deliveries in 2016 through 2022 . As of June 30, 2016 we do not intend to

14



take delivery of the 2 Q400 aircraft that are currently contracted. In addition, the Company has options to purchase 46 B737 aircraft, 30 E175 aircraft and 5 Q400 aircraft, which are not reflected in the commitments table above.

Capacity Purchase Agreements (CPAs)
 
At June 30, 2016 , Alaska had CPAs with three carriers, including the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, Horizon. Horizon sells 100% of its capacity under a CPA with Alaska. In addition, Alaska has CPAs with SkyWest to fly certain routes and PenAir to fly certain routes in the state of Alaska. Under these agreements, Alaska pays the carriers an amount which is based on a determination of their cost of operating those flights and other factors intended to approximate market rates for those services. Future payments (excluding Horizon) are based on minimum levels of flying by the third-party carriers, which could differ materially due to variable payments based on actual levels of flying and certain costs associated with operating flights such as fuel.

Contingencies

The Company is a party to routine litigation matters incidental to its business and with respect to which no material liability is expected. Management believes the ultimate disposition of these matters is not likely to materially affect the Company's financial position or results of operations. This forward-looking statement is based on management's current understanding of the relevant law and facts, and it is subject to various contingencies, including the potential costs and risks associated with litigation and the actions of arbitrators, judges and juries.

NOTE 9. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

Dividends

During the three months ended June 30, 2016, the Company declared and paid cash dividends of $0.275 per share, or $34 million . During the six months ended June 30, 2016 , the Company declared and paid cash dividends of $0.550 per share, or $68 million .

Common Stock Repurchase

In May 2014, the Board of Directors authorized a $650 million share repurchase program, which was completed in October 2015. In August 2015, the Board of Directors authorized a $1 billion share repurchase program. In the second quarter the Company paused the share repurchase program in advance of the pending acquisition of Virgin America.
Share repurchase activity (in millions, except share amounts):
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
2015 Repurchase Program - $1 billion
873,396

 
$
67

 

 
$

 
2,594,809

 
$
193

 


$

2014 Repurchase Program - $650 million

 
$

 
2,480,807

 
$
160

 

 
$

 
4,061,554

 
$
262

Total
873,396

 
$
67

 
2,480,807

 
$
160

 
2,594,809

 
$
193

 
4,061,554

 
$
262

 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
 
Components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (in millions):
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
Marketable securities
$
9

 
$
(3
)
Employee benefit plans
(282
)
 
(288
)
Interest rate derivatives
(14
)
 
(12
)
Total
$
(287
)
 
$
(303
)


15





NOTE 10. OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION
 
Air Group has two operating airlines - Alaska and Horizon. Each is a regulated airline with separate management teams. To manage the two operating airlines and the revenues and expenses associated with the CPAs, management views the business in three operating segments:
Alaska Mainline - The Boeing 737 part of Alaska's business.
Alaska Regional - Alaska's shorter distance network. In this segment, Alaska Regional records actual on board passenger revenue, less costs such as fuel, distribution costs, and payments made to Horizon, SkyWest and PenAir under CPAs. Additionally, Alaska Regional includes a small allocation of corporate overhead such as IT, finance and other administrative costs incurred by Alaska and on behalf of the regional operations.
Horizon - Horizon operates regional aircraft. All of Horizon's capacity is sold to Alaska under a CPA. Expenses include those typically borne by regional airlines such as crew costs, ownership costs, station handling costs, and maintenance costs.

16



Additionally, the following table reports “Air Group adjusted,” which is not a measure determined in accordance with GAAP. The Company's chief operating decision-makers and others in management use this measure to evaluate operational performance and determine resource allocations. Adjustments are further explained below in a reconciliation to consolidated GAAP results.

Operating segment information is as follows (in millions):
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
Alaska
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline
 
Regional
 
Horizon
 
Parent & Consolidating (a)
 
Air Group Adjusted (b)
 
Special Items (c)
 
Consolidated
Operating revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Passenger
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline
$
1,036

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,036

 
$

 
$
1,036

Regional

 
227

 

 

 
227

 

 
227

Total passenger revenues
1,036

 
227

 

 

 
1,263

 

 
1,263

CPA revenues

 

 
110

 
(110
)
 

 

 

Freight and mail
26

 
1

 

 

 
27

 

 
27

Other - net
184

 
19

 
1

 

 
204

 

 
204

Total operating revenues
1,246

 
247

 
111

 
(110
)
 
1,494

 

 
1,494

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses, excluding fuel
679

 
192

 
101

 
(111
)
 
861

 
14

 
875

Economic fuel
180

 
31

 

 

 
211

 
(10
)
 
201

Total operating expenses
859

 
223

 
101

 
(111
)
 
1,072

 
4

 
1,076

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonoperating income (expense)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest income
6

 

 
1

 

 
7

 

 
7

Interest expense
(4
)
 

 
(4
)
 
(1
)
 
(9
)
 

 
(9
)
Other
3

 

 

 
1

 
4

 

 
4

 
5

 

 
(3
)
 

 
2

 

 
2

Income (loss) before income tax
$
392

 
$
24

 
$
7

 
$
1

 
$
424

 
$
(4
)
 
$
420


17



 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
Alaska
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline
 
Regional
 
Horizon
 
Parent & Consolidating (a)
 
Air Group Adjusted (b)
 
Special Items (c)
 
Consolidated
Operating revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Passenger
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline
$
1,019

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,019

 
$

 
$
1,019

Regional

 
212

 

 

 
212

 

 
212

Total passenger revenues
1,019

 
212

 

 

 
1,231

 

 
1,231

CPA revenues

 

 
99

 
(99
)
 

 

 

Freight and mail
28

 
2

 

 

 
30

 

 
30

Other - net
156

 
19

 
1

 

 
176

 

 
176

Total operating revenues
1,203

 
233

 
100

 
(99
)
 
1,437

 

 
1,437

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses, excluding fuel
645

 
169

 
90

 
(100
)
 
804

 

 
804

Economic fuel
232

 
35

 

 

 
267

 
(6
)
 
261

Total operating expenses
877

 
204

 
90

 
(100
)
 
1,071

 
(6
)
 
1,065

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonoperating income (expense)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest income
5

 

 

 
1

 
6

 

 
6

Interest expense
(7
)
 

 
(1
)
 
(3
)
 
(11
)
 

 
(11
)
Other
7

 

 
(1
)
 
3

 
9

 

 
9

 
5

 

 
(2
)
 
1

 
4

 

 
4

Income (loss) before income tax
$
331

 
$
29

 
$
8

 
$
2

 
$
370

 
$
6

 
$
376

 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
Alaska
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline
 
Regional
 
Horizon
 
Parent & Consolidating (a)
 
Air Group Adjusted (b)
 
Special Items (c)
 
Consolidated
Operating revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Passenger
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline
1,963




$


$


$
1,963


$


$
1,963

Regional


433






433




433

Total passenger revenues
1,963


433






2,396




2,396

CPA revenues




213


(213
)






Freight and mail
49


2






51




51

Other - net
356


36


2




394




394

Total operating revenues
2,368


471


215


(213
)

2,841




2,841

 




















Operating expenses




















Operating expenses, excluding fuel
1,380


378


206


(213
)

1,751


14


1,765

Economic fuel
324


56






380


(12
)

368

Total operating expenses
1,704


434


206


(213
)

2,131


2


2,133

 




















Nonoperating income (expense)



















Interest income
12




1




13




13

Interest expense
(16
)



(5
)

(1
)

(22
)



(22
)
Other
10






3


13




13

 
6




(4
)

2


4




4

Income (loss) before income tax
$
670


$
37


$
5


$
2


$
714


$
(2
)

$
712



18



 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
Alaska
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline
 
Regional
 
Horizon
 
Parent & Consolidating (a)
 
Air Group Adjusted (b)
 
Special Items (c)
 
Consolidated
Operating revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Passenger
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline
$
1,920

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,920

 
$

 
$
1,920

Regional

 
398

 

 

 
398

 

 
398

Total passenger revenues
1,920

 
398

 

 

 
2,318

 

 
2,318

CPA revenues

 

 
198

 
(198
)
 

 

 

Freight and mail
50

 
3

 

 

 
53

 

 
53

Other - net
298

 
35

 
2

 

 
335

 

 
335

Total operating revenues
2,268

 
436

 
200

 
(198
)
 
2,706

 

 
2,706

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses, excluding fuel
1,284

 
333

 
181

 
(198
)
 
1,600

 

 
1,600

Economic fuel
436

 
66

 

 

 
502

 
(6
)
 
496

Total operating expenses
1,720

 
399

 
181

 
(198
)
 
2,102

 
(6
)
 
2,096

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonoperating income (expense)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest income
10

 

 

 
1

 
11

 

 
11

Interest expense
(14
)
 

 
(5
)
 
(3
)
 
(22
)
 

 
(22
)
Other
14

 

 

 
3

 
17

 

 
17

 
10

 

 
(5
)
 
1

 
6

 

 
6

Income (loss) before income tax
$
558

 
$
37

 
$
14

 
$
1

 
$
610

 
$
6

 
$
616

(a)  
Includes consolidating entries, Parent Company, and other immaterial business units.
(b)  
The adjusted column represents the financial information that is reviewed by management to assess performance of operations and determine capital allocations and does not include certain income and charges.
(c)  
Includes mark-to-market fuel-hedge accounting charges, and other special items described previously.

Total assets were as follows (in millions):
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
Alaska (a)
$
9,101

 
$
8,127

Horizon
729

 
717

Parent company
5,200

 
4,734

Elimination of inter-company accounts
(7,995
)
 
(7,048
)
Consolidated
$
7,035

 
$
6,530

(a)  
There are no assets associated with capacity purchase flying at Alaska.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
OVERVIEW
 
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) is intended to help the reader understand the Company, our segment operations and our present business environment. MD&A is provided as a supplement to – and should be read in conjunction with – our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. All statements in the following discussion that are not statements of historical information or descriptions of current accounting policy are forward-looking statements. Please consider our forward-looking statements in light of the risks referred to in this report’s introductory cautionary note, the risks mentioned in Item 1A. "Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 , and Item 1A "Risk Factors" included within Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2016. This overview summarizes the MD&A, which includes the following sections:
 

19



Second Quarter Review —highlights from the second quarter of 2016 outlining some of the major events that happened during the period and how they affected our financial performance.
 
Results of Operations —an in-depth analysis of our revenues by segment and our expenses from a consolidated perspective for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 . To the extent material to the understanding of segment profitability, we more fully describe the segment expenses per financial statement line item. Financial and statistical data is also included here. This section includes forward-looking statements regarding our view of the remainder of 2016
  
Liquidity and Capital Resources —an overview of our financial position, analysis of cash flows, and relevant contractual obligations and commitments.

SECOND QUARTER REVIEW

Our consolidated pretax income was $420 million during the second quarter of 2016 , compared to $376 million in the second quarter of 2015 . The increase of $44 million was mainly due to increased revenues of $57 million and lower aircraft fuel expense of $60 million , partially offset by an increase in non-fuel expenses of $71 million .

See “ Results of Operations ” below for further discussion of changes in revenues and operating expenses and our reconciliation of non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measure.

Operations Performance

During the second quarter, both Alaska and Horizon continued their strong on-time performance, reporting that 88.7% and 88.2% of their flights arrived on time, respectively. For the twelve months ended May 2016, Alaska maintained its ranking as the top carrier among the six largest U.S. airlines for on-time performance, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation.

New Markets

New routes launched and announced are as follows:
New Non-Stop Routes Launched in Q2
New Non-Stop Routes Announced (Launch Dates)
San Diego to San Jose, California
Portland, Oregon to Newark, New Jersey (11/10/16)
San Jose to Orange County, California
San Diego to Newark, New Jersey (11/21/16)
Portland to Atlanta
Portland to Sun Valley, Idaho (12/17/16)
Anchorage, Alaska to Spokane, Washington
San Diego to Steamboat Springs, Colorado (12/17/16)
 
San Jose, California to Newark, New Jersey (2/31/17)
 
Portland to Orlando, Florida (3/16/17)
 
Seattle to San Luis Obispo, California (4/13/17)
 
Los Angeles to Havana, Cuba (TBD) (a)
(a) Flight has been tentatively awarded by the Department of Transportation (DOT). Final DOT determination is expected during the third quarter of 2016.

Shareholder Return

During the second quarter of 2016 , we paid cash dividends of $34 million and we repurchased 873 thousand shares of our common stock for $67 million under the $1 billion repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors in August 2015. Since 2007, we have repurchased 59 million shares of common stock under such programs for $1.5 billion for an average price of $25.90 per share. Prior to the announcement of our pending acquisition of Virgin America, we had planned to return a greater amount to shareholders in 2016 through dividends and stock repurchases than we did in 2015. In the second quarter we paused our share repurchases in advance of the pending acquisition.

Outlook

On April 4, 2016, we announced plans to acquire Virgin America. If approved by regulators, the merger with Virgin America is expected to provide us broader national reach and position us as the go-to airline for people living anywhere along the West Coast. The combined airline will provide 1,200 daily departures to our customers, leveraging our strength in the Pacific Northwest with Virgin America's strength in California. We will also gain additional access to hard-to-come-by landing slots

20



and constrained gates at destinations such as New York (JFK), San Francisco, and Los Angeles. We believe that combining our loyalty programs and networks will provide greater benefits for our West Coast customers and will expand our international partner portfolio giving our customers an even more expansive global reach. The larger platform for growth, and the synergies the combined airline is expected to generate, will allow us to create greater value for our stakeholders. We have agreed to pay $57 per share, or approximately $2.6 billion, in cash for the outstanding common stock of Virgin America.

During the second quarter both Alaska Air Group and Virgin America entered into a timing agreement with the Department of Justice (DOJ), outlining the phasing of certain steps to be taken in connection with the DOJ review of the acquisition. Pursuant to the timing agreement, Alaska Air Group and Virgin America have agreed to provide the DOJ with materials on a planned schedule and have also agreed not to complete the acquisition prior to September 30, 2016, unless the DOJ closes its investigation sooner. We currently expect the acquisition will close in the fourth quarter 2016, which would significantly impact our financial position and results.

We expect our own organic growth to continue in 2016, adding approximately 8.5% system-wide capacity in the current year. Over the past few years, we have seen competitive capacity increase significantly in our markets, especially in our hometown of Seattle. We expect to see even more competitive capacity in 2016. Current schedules indicate competitive capacity will be approximately 13% higher in the third quarter, and 12% higher in the fourth quarter 2016 .

Our current expectations for capacity and CASM excluding fuel and special items, and excluding the impact of the pending acquisition of Virgin America, are summarized below:
 
Forecast
Q3 2016
 
Change
Y-O-Y
 
Forecast
Full Year 2016
 
Change
Y-O-Y
Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASMs (000,000) "capacity"
11,150 - 11,200
 
~ 8%
 
43,250 - 43,350
 
~ 8.5%
CASM excluding fuel and special items (cents)
8.28¢ - 8.33¢
 
~ 3%
 
8.25¢ - 8.30¢
 
~ (0.5)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASMs (000,000) "capacity"
9,900 - 9,950
 
~ 7%
 
38,400 - 38,500
 
~ 7%
CASM excluding fuel and special items (cents)
7.37¢ - 7.42¢
 
~ 3%
 
7.35¢ - 7.40¢
 
~ (0.5)%

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
COMPARISON OF THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2016 TO THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2015

Our consolidated net income for the second quarter of 2016 was $260 million , or $2.10 per diluted share, compared to net income of $234 million , or $1.79 per diluted share, in the second quarter of 2015 .

In the second quarter of 2016 we recorded special items of $14 million ( $9 million after tax) for merger costs associated with our pending acquisition of Virgin America.

ADJUSTED (NON-GAAP) RESULTS AND PER-SHARE AMOUNTS

Pursuant to Regulation G, we have provided reconciliations of reported non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable financial measures reported on a GAAP basis. We believe that consideration of these non-GAAP financial measures may be important to investors for the following reasons:

By eliminating fuel expense and certain special items from our unit metrics, we believe that we have better visibility into the results of operations and our non-fuel cost-reduction initiatives. Our industry is highly competitive and is characterized by high fixed costs, so even a small reduction in non-fuel operating costs can result in a significant improvement in operating results. In addition, we believe that all domestic carriers are similarly impacted by changes in jet fuel costs over the long run, so it is important for management (and thus investors) to understand the impact of (and trends in) company-specific cost drivers such as labor rates and productivity, airport costs, maintenance costs, etc., which are more controllable by management.


21



Cost per ASM (CASM) excluding fuel and certain special items is one of the most important measures used by management and by the Air Group Board of Directors in assessing quarterly and annual cost performance.

Adjusted income before income tax and CASM excluding fuel, and other special items, are important metrics for the employee incentive plan that covers all Air Group employees.

CASM excluding fuel and certain special items is a measure commonly used by industry analysts, and we believe it is the basis by which they compare our airlines to others in the industry. The measure is also the subject of frequent questions from investors.

Disclosure of the individual impact of certain noted items provides investors the ability to measure and monitor performance both with and without these special items. We believe that disclosing the impact of certain items, such as mark-to-market hedging adjustments or merger costs, is important because it provides information on significant items that are not necessarily indicative of future performance. Industry analysts and investors consistently measure our performance without these items for better comparability between periods and among other airlines.

Although we disclose our passenger unit revenues, we do not (nor are we able to) evaluate unit revenues excluding the impact that changes in fuel costs have had on ticket prices. Fuel expense represents a large percentage of our total operating expenses. Fluctuations in fuel prices often drive changes in unit revenues in the mid-to-long term. Although we believe it is useful to evaluate non-fuel unit costs for the reasons noted above, we would caution readers of these financial statements not to place undue reliance on unit costs excluding fuel as a measure or predictor of future profitability because of the significant impact of fuel costs on our business.

Although we are presenting these non-GAAP amounts for the reasons above, investors and other readers should not necessarily conclude these amounts are non-recurring, infrequent, or unusual in nature.

Excluding the impact of mark-to-market fuel hedge adjustments and merger costs, our adjusted consolidated net income for the second quarter of 2016 was $263 million , or $2.12 per diluted share, compared to an adjusted consolidated net income of $230 million , or $1.76 per diluted share, in the second quarter of 2015 .
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
(in millions, except per share amounts)
Dollars
 
Diluted EPS
 
Dollars
 
Diluted EPS
Net income and diluted EPS as reported
$
260

 
$
2.10

 
$
234

 
$
1.79

Mark-to-market fuel hedge adjustments, net of tax
(6
)
 
(0.05
)
 
(4
)
 
(0.03
)
Special items - merger costs, net of tax
9

 
0.07

 

 

Non-GAAP adjusted income and per-share amounts
$
263

 
$
2.12

 
$
230

 
$
1.76


Our operating costs per ASM are summarized below:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
(in cents)
2016
 
2015
 
% Change
Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
CASM

9.73
¢
 

10.70
¢
 
(9.1
)%
Less the following components:
 
 
 

 
 

Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses
1.82

 
2.62

 
(30.5
)%
Special items - merger costs
0.13

 

 
NM

CASM excluding fuel and special items

7.78
¢
 

8.08
¢
 
(3.7
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline:
 
 
 
 
 
CASM

8.60
¢
 

9.70
¢
 
(11.3
)%
Less the following components:
 
 
 

 
 

Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses
1.72

 
2.53

 
(32.0
)%
CASM excluding fuel and special items

6.88
¢
 

7.17
¢
 
(4.0
)%


22



OPERATING STATISTICS SUMMARY (unaudited)
Below are operating statistics we use to measure operating performance. We often refer to unit revenues and adjusted unit costs, which are non-GAAP measures.
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Change
Consolidated Operating Statistics: (a)
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue passengers (000)
8,647
 
8,024
 
7.8%
Revenue passenger miles (RPM) (000,000) "traffic"
9,397
 
8,451
 
11.2%
Available seat miles (ASM) (000,000) "capacity"
11,062
 
9,949
 
11.2%
Load factor
84.9%
 
84.9%
 
Yield
13.44¢
 
14.56¢
 
(7.7)%
Passenger revenue per ASM (PRASM)
11.42¢
 
12.37¢
 
(7.7)%
Revenue per ASM (RASM)
13.51¢
 
14.44¢
 
(6.4)%
Operating expense per ASM (CASM) excluding fuel and special items (b)
7.78¢
 
8.08¢
 
(3.7)%
Economic fuel cost per gallon (b)
$1.53
 
$2.12
 
(27.8)%
Fuel gallons (000,000)
138
 
126
 
9.5%
ASMs per fuel gallon
80.2
 
79.0
 
1.5%
Average full-time equivalent employees (FTEs)
14,470
 
13,793
 
4.9%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline Operating Statistics:
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue passengers (000)
6,282
 
5,787
 
8.6%
RPMs (000,000) "traffic"
8,456
 
7,662
 
10.4%
ASMs (000,000) "capacity"
9,875
 
8,984
 
9.9%
Load factor
85.6%
 
85.3%
 
0.3 pts
Yield
12.25¢
 
13.29¢
 
(7.8)%
PRASM
10.49¢
 
11.34¢
 
(7.5)%
RASM
12.61¢
 
13.40¢
 
(5.9)%
CASM excluding fuel and special items (b)
6.88¢
 
7.17¢
 
(4.0)%
Economic fuel cost per gallon (b)
$1.52
 
$2.12
 
(28.3)%
Fuel gallons (000,000)
118
 
110
 
7.3%
ASMs per fuel gallon
83.7
 
81.7
 
2.4%
Average FTEs
11,261
 
10,726
 
5.0%
Aircraft utilization
10.8
 
11.1
 
(2.7%)
Average aircraft stage length
1,177
 
1,191
 
(1.2%)
Operating fleet
152
 
140
 
12 a/c
 
 
 
 
 
 
Regional Operating Statistics: (c)
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue passengers (000)
2,365
 
2,237
 
5.7%
RPMs (000,000) "traffic"
941
 
789
 
19.3%
ASMs (000,000) "capacity"
1,187
 
965
 
23.0%
Load factor
79.3%
 
81.8%
 
(2.5 pts)
Yield
24.17¢
 
26.92¢
 
(10.2)%
PRASM
19.16¢
 
21.99¢
 
(12.9)%
Operating fleet
69
 
63
 
6 a/c
(a)  
Except for FTEs, data includes information related to third-party regional capacity purchase flying arrangements.
(b)  
See reconciliation of operating expenses excluding fuel and special items, and a reconciliation of economic fuel costs in the accompanying pages.
(c)  
Data presented includes information related to flights operated by Horizon and third-party carriers.





23



OPERATING REVENUES

Total operating revenues increased $57 million , or 4% , during the second quarter of 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 . The changes are summarized in the following table:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2016
 
2015
 
% Change
Passenger
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline
$
1,036

 
$
1,019

 
2
 %
Regional
227

 
212

 
7
 %
Total passenger revenue
1,263

 
1,231

 
3
 %
Freight and mail
27

 
30

 
(10
)%
Other - net
204

 
176

 
16
 %
Total operating revenues
$
1,494

 
$
1,437

 
4
 %

Passenger Revenue – Mainline

In the second quarter of 2016 , Mainline passenger revenue increased by 2% due to a 9.9% increase in capacity, largely offset by a decrease of 7.5% in PRASM compared to the second quarter of 2015 . The increase in capacity was driven primarily by new routes and larger aircraft added to our fleet since the second quarter of 2015 . The decrease in PRASM was driven by a 7.8% decline in ticket yield compared to the prior-year quarter. The decrease in ticket yield was primarily due to increased competitive capacity and industry fare actions in the markets we serve, as well as our own growth. Furthermore, the significant decline in fuel prices over the last year has contributed to lower ticket prices.

Passenger Revenue – Regional

Regional passenger revenue increase d 7% compared to the second quarter of 2015 due to a 23.0% increase in capacity, partially offset by a 12.9% decrease in PRASM. The increase in capacity is due to an increase in departures, and average aircraft stage length as well as the annualization of new routes introduced over the past twelve months. The decrease in PRASM is due to a 10.2% decline in ticket yield, as well as a decrease in load factor of 2.5 points . The decrease in yield is due to an increase in competitive capacity in our regional markets and our own growth as we strengthen our network utility in the Pacific Northwest, as well as an increase in the average trip length of our regional flights.

Other – Net

Other - net revenue increased $28 million , or 16% , from the second quarter of 2015 , primarily due to increases in Mileage Plan revenue. Mileage Plan revenue increased $26 million , or 32% , due to increased miles sold and higher rates paid by our affinity credit card partner beginning January 1, 2016 as a result of a contract extension.

OPERATING EXPENSES

Total operating expenses increased $11 million , or 1% , compared to the second quarter of 2015 . We believe it is useful to summarize operating expenses as follows, which is consistent with the way expenses are reported internally and evaluated by management:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2016
 
2015
 
% Change
Fuel expense
$
201

 
$
261

 
(23
)%
Non-fuel expenses
875

 
804

 
9
 %
Special items - merger costs
14

 

 
NM

Total Operating Expenses
$
1,076

 
$
1,065

 
1
 %

Significant operating expense variances from 2015 are more fully described below.


24



Wages and Benefits

Wages and benefits increased during the second quarter of 2016 by $27 million . The primary components of wages and benefits are shown in the following table:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2016
 
2015
 
% Change
Wages
$
249

 
$
231

 
8
 %
Pension - Defined benefit plans
6

 
7

 
(14
)%
Defined contribution plans
16

 
15

 
7
 %
Medical and other benefits
42

 
35

 
20
 %
Payroll taxes
19

 
17

 
12
 %
Total wages and benefits
$
332

 
$
305

 
9
 %

Wages increased 8% with a 4.9% increase in FTEs. The increase in wages is primarily attributable to increased FTEs to support the growth in our business, and an increase in the average wages per employee.

Medical and other benefits increased 20% compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase is primarily due to an increase in medical claims with growth in the number of employees and increasing medical costs.

Aircraft Fuel

Aircraft fuel expense includes both raw fuel expense (as defined below) plus the effect of mark-to-market adjustments to our fuel hedge portfolio included in our consolidated statement of operations as the value of that portfolio increases and decreases. Our aircraft fuel expense can be volatile, because it includes these gains or losses in the value of the underlying instrument as crude oil prices and refining margins increase or decrease. Raw fuel expense is defined as the price that we generally pay at the airport, or the “into-plane” price, including taxes and fees. Raw fuel prices are impacted by world oil prices and refining costs, which can vary by region in the U.S.   Raw fuel expense approximates cash paid to suppliers and does not reflect the effect of our fuel hedges.

Aircraft fuel expense decreased $60 million , or 23% compared to 2015 . The elements of the change are illustrated in the following table: 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
(in millions, except for per gallon amounts)
Dollars
 
Cost/Gal
 
Dollars
 
Cost/Gal
Raw or "into-plane" fuel cost
$
207

 
$
1.50

 
$
262

 
$
2.08

Losses on settled hedges
4

 
0.03

 
5

 
0.04

Consolidated economic fuel expense
211

 
1.53

 
267

 
2.12

Mark-to-market fuel hedge adjustments
(10
)
 
(0.07
)
 
(6
)
 
(0.05
)
GAAP fuel expense
$
201

 
$
1.46

 
$
261

 
$
2.07

Fuel gallons
138

 
 
 
126

 
 
 
Fuel expense was lower than in the second quarter of 2015 as the raw fuel price per gallon decreased 28% on a 10% increase in fuel gallons. West Coast jet fuel prices are impacted by both the price of crude oil, as well as refining margins associated with the conversion of crude oil to jet fuel. The decrease in raw fuel price per gallon during the second quarter of 2016 was due to lower crude oil prices of 21% and a decrease in refining margins of 47% , when compared to the prior year.
 
We also evaluate economic fuel expense , which we define as raw fuel expense adjusted for the cash we receive from, or pay to, hedge counterparties for hedges that settle during the period, and for the premium expense that we paid for those contracts. A key difference between aircraft fuel expense and economic fuel expense is the timing of gain or loss recognition on our hedge portfolio. When we refer to economic fuel expense, we include gains and losses only when they are realized for those contracts that were settled during the period based on their original contract terms.  We believe this is the best measure of the effect that fuel prices are currently having on our business because it most closely approximates the net cash outflow associated with

25



purchasing fuel for our operations. Accordingly, many industry analysts evaluate our results using this measure, and it is the basis for most internal management reporting and incentive pay plans.

We recognized losses of $4 million for hedges that settled during the second quarter of 2016 , compared to losses of $5 million in the second quarter of 2015 .  These amounts represent the net cash paid including the premium expense recognized for those hedges.

Aircraft Maintenance

Aircraft maintenance expense increased by $13 million , or 25% , compared to the second quarter of 2015 . Maintenance costs increased due to more engine maintenance events in the current quarter. Additionally, in the prior year we received vendor credits, which offset our expense, for engine maintenance that had been previously completed on the B737 fleet.

Contracted Services

Contracted services expense increased $9 million , or 18% , compared to the second quarter of 2015 . The increase is primarily due to increased flying at stations where we use vendors to assist us when compared to the second quarter of 2015 . Additionally, wage rates have increased in part due to higher minimum wage laws in certain locations.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense increased $13 million , or 16% , compared to the second quarter of 2015 . The increase is primarily due to the addition of 20 owned aircraft in the fleet since June 30, 2015.

Food and Beverage Expense

Food and beverage expense increased $3 million , or 11% , compared to the second quarter of 2015 . The increase is due to the increased number of passengers, and upgrades to our onboard menu, offering higher quality food and beverage products.

Third-party regional carrier expense

Third-party regional carrier expense, which represents payments made to SkyWest and PenAir under our CPA agreements, increased $7 million , or 41% , compared to the prior year. The increase is primarily due to more flying by SkyWest in the current quarter when compared to the prior year related to the addition of six E175 aircraft to our regional operations since June 30, 2015 .

Other Operating Expenses
 
Other operating expenses decreased $13 million , or 14% , compared to the second quarter of 2015 . The decrease is primarily due to an insurance claim reimbursement received during the second quarter of 2016.

Special Items

We recorded special items of $ 14 million related to merger costs associated with our pending acquisition of Virgin America.

Additional Segment Information

Refer to the Notes of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a detailed description of each segment. Below is a summary of each segment's profitability.

Alaska Mainline

Pretax profit for Alaska Mainline was $392 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to $331 million in the second quarter of 2015 . Mainline passenger revenue increased $17 million which is described above. Mainline operating expense excluding fuel increased by $34 million to $679 million in 2016 due to higher wages to support our growth, higher ramp and passenger handling associated with increased flying, higher wage rates at stations where we use vendors to assist us, higher maintenance costs and depreciation due to our growing fleet. Economic fuel cost decreased due to lower raw fuel costs, partially offset by a 7.3% increase in consumption.


26



Alaska Regional

Pretax profit for Alaska Regional was $24 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to $29 million in the second quarter of 2015 . The $15 million increase in Alaska Regional passenger revenue is described above. The increase in revenue and the decline in fuel costs were partially offset by higher expenses to support additional departures.

Horizon

Pretax profit for Horizon was $7 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to $8 million in the second quarter of 2015 . CPA Revenues ( 100% of which are from Alaska and eliminated in consolidation) increased due to a higher CPA rate paid by Alaska on similar capacity as in the prior year. The $11 million increase in Horizon's non-fuel operating expenses was largely driven by higher wages to support the additional flying, and increased volume of engine and airframe maintenance events.


COMPARISON OF SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2016 TO SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2015

Our consolidated net income for the first six months of 2016 was $444 million , or $3.56 per diluted share, compared to net income of $383 million , or $2.91 per diluted share in the first six months of 2015 . Significant items impacting the comparability between the periods are as follows:

In the second quarter of 2016 we recorded special items of $14 million ( $9 million after tax) related to merger costs associated with our pending acquisition of Virgin America.

ADJUSTED (NON-GAAP) RESULTS AND PER-SHARE AMOUNTS

Excluding the impact of mark-to-market fuel hedge adjustments and special items, our adjusted consolidated net income for the first six months of 2016 was $445 million , or $3.57 per diluted share, compared to an adjusted consolidated net income of $379 million , or $2.88 per share, in the first six months of 2015 .

 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
(in millions, except per share amounts)
Dollars
 
Diluted EPS
 
Dollars
 
Diluted EPS
Net income and diluted EPS as reported
$
444

 
$
3.56

 
$
383

 
$
2.91

Mark-to-market fuel hedge adjustments, net of tax
(8
)
 
(0.06
)
 
(4
)
 
(0.03
)
Special items - merger costs, net of tax
9

 
0.07

 

 

Non-GAAP adjusted income and per-share amounts
$
445

 
$
3.57

 
$
379

 
$
2.88


Our operating costs per ASM are summarized below:
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in cents)
2016
 
2015
 
% Change
Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
CASM

9.91
¢
 

10.91
¢
 
(9.2
)
Less the following components:
 
 
 

 
 

Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses
1.71

 
2.58

 
(33.7
)
Special items - merger costs
0.06

 

 
NM

CASM excluding fuel and special items

8.14
¢
 

8.33
¢
 
(2.3
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline:
 
 
 
 
 
CASM

8.80
¢
 

9.89
¢
 
(11.0
)
Less the following components:
 
 
 

 
 

Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses
1.62

 
2.48

 
(34.7
)
CASM excluding fuel and special items

7.18
¢
 

7.41
¢
 
(3.1
)


27



OPERATING STATISTICS SUMMARY (unaudited)
Below are operating statistics we use to measure operating performance. We often refer to unit revenues and adjusted unit costs, which are non-GAAP measures.
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Change
Consolidated Operating Statistics: (a)
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue passengers (000)
16,482
 
15,340
 
7.4%
Revenue passenger miles (RPM) (000,000) "traffic"
17,968
 
16,173
 
11.1%
Available seat miles (ASM) (000,000) "capacity"
21,515
 
19,206
 
12.0%
Load factor
83.5%
 
84.2%
 
(0.7) pts
Yield
13.34¢
 
14.33¢
 
(6.9)%
Passenger revenue per ASM (PRASM)
11.14¢
 
12.07¢
 
(7.7)%
Revenue per ASM (RASM)
13.21¢
 
14.09¢
 
(6.2)%
Operating expense per ASM (CASM) excluding fuel and special items (b)
8.14¢
 
8.33¢
 
(2.3)%
Economic fuel cost per gallon (b)
$1.41
 
$2.05
 
(31.2)%
Fuel gallons (000,000)
270
 
245
 
10.2%
ASMs per fuel gallon
79.7
 
78.4
 
1.7%
Average full-time equivalent employees (FTEs)
14,414
 
13,534
 
6.5%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline Operating Statistics:
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue passengers (000)
11,925
 
11,022
 
8.2%
RPMs (000,000) "traffic"
16,172
 
14,657
 
10.3%
ASMs (000,000) "capacity"
19,229
 
17,330
 
11.0%
Load factor
84.1%
 
84.6%
 
(0.5) pts
Yield
12.14¢
 
13.10¢
 
(7.3)%
PRASM
10.21¢
 
11.08¢
 
(7.9)%
RASM
12.31¢
 
13.09¢
 
(6.0)%
CASM excluding fuel and special items (b)
7.18¢
 
7.41¢
 
(3.1)%
Economic fuel cost per gallon (b)
$1.40
 
$2.05
 
(31.7)%
Fuel gallons (000,000)
231
 
213
 
8.5%
ASMs per fuel gallon
83.2
 
81.4
 
2.2%
Average FTEs
11,192
 
10,553
 
6.1%
Aircraft utilization
10.7
 
10.8
 
(0.9%)
Average aircraft stage length
1,195
 
1,195
 
—%
Operating fleet
152
 
140
 
12 a/c
 
 
 
 
 
 
Regional Operating Statistics: (c)
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue passengers (000)
4,558
 
4,318
 
5.6%
RPMs (000,000) "traffic"
1,796
 
1,516
 
18.5%
ASMs (000,000) "capacity"
2,287
 
1,876
 
21.9%
Load factor
78.5%
 
80.8%
 
(2.3 pts)
Yield
24.13¢
 
26.28¢
 
(8.2)%
PRASM
18.95¢
 
21.25¢
 
(10.8)%
Operating fleet
69
 
63
 
6 a/c
(a)  
Except for FTEs, data includes information related to third-party regional capacity purchase flying arrangements.
(b)  
See reconciliation of operating expenses excluding fuel and special items, and a reconciliation of economic fuel costs in the accompanying pages.
(c)  
Data presented includes information related to flights operated by Horizon and third-party carriers.


28



OPERATING REVENUES

Total operating revenues increased $135 million , or 5% , during the first six months of 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 .  The changes are summarized in the following table:
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2016
 
2015
 
% Change
Passenger
 
 
 
 
 
Mainline
$
1,963

 
$
1,920

 
2

Regional
433

 
398

 
9

Total passenger revenue
2,396

 
2,318

 
3

Freight and mail
51

 
53

 
(4
)
Other - net
394

 
335

 
18

Total operating revenues
$
2,841

 
$
2,706

 
5


Passenger Revenue – Mainline

Mainline passenger revenue for the first six months of 2016 increased by 2% on an 11% increase in capacity and a 7.9% decrease in PRASM compared to the same period in 2015 . The increase in capacity is driven by routes added in the last twelve months. The decrease in PRASM was driven by a 7.3% decrease in ticket yield as well as a 0.5-point decrease in load factor compared to the prior-year period. Yields decreased due to increased competitive capacity and industry fare actions in the markets we serve, as well as our own growth. The decline in fuel prices has contributed to lower ticket prices, while the decline in load factor was a result of increased capacity.

Passenger Revenue – Regional

Regional passenger revenue increased by $35 million , or 9% , compared to the first six months of 2015 , due to a 21.9% increase in capacity, partially offset by a 10.8% decrease in PRASM. The decrease in PRASM was due to a decline in load factor of 2.3 points and a decrease in ticket yield of 8.2% . The decline in yield is due to an increase in competitive capacity in our regional markets and our own growth as we strengthen our network utility in the Pacific Northwest, and an increase in average trip length.

Other – Net

Other - net revenue increased $59 million , or 18% , from the first six months of 2015 . Mileage Plan revenue increased $52 million , due to an increase in miles sold, and higher rates paid by our affinity credit card partner beginning January 1, 2016 as a result of a contract extension.

OPERATING EXPENSES

Total operating expenses increased $37 million , or 2% , compared to the first six months of 2015 , mostly as a result of higher non-fuel costs. We believe it is useful to summarize operating expenses as follows, which is consistent with the way expenses are reported internally and evaluated by management:
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2016
 
2015
 
% Change
Fuel expense
$
368

 
$
496

 
(26
)
Non-fuel expenses
1,751

 
1,600

 
9

Special items - merger costs
14

 

 
NM

Total Operating Expenses
$
2,133

 
$
2,096

 
2


Significant operating expense variances from 2015 are more fully described below.


29



Wages and Benefits

Wages and benefits increased during the first six months of 2016 by $57 million , or 9% , compared to 2015 .  The primary components of wages and benefits are shown in the following table:
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2016
 
2015
 
% Change
Wages
$
499

 
$
461

 
8

Pension - Defined benefit plans
13

 
14

 
(7
)
Defined contribution plans
33

 
30

 
10

Medical and other benefits
85

 
73

 
16

Payroll taxes
38

 
33

 
15

Total wages and benefits
$
668

 
$
611

 
9


Wages increased 8% on a 6.5% increase in FTEs. The increase in wages is largely driven by the increased number of FTEs to support the growth in our business.

Defined contribution plans increased 10% , due to the increased number of FTEs and higher employee participation rates when compared to the prior year, and increased contributions throughout all labor groups.

Medical and other benefits increased 16% compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase is due to an increase in medical claims with the growth in the number of employees and increasing medical costs.

We expect wages and benefits to increase for the full year due to continuing growth in FTEs to support additional aircraft in our fleet, and higher medical and other benefits.

Aircraft Fuel

Aircraft fuel expense decreased $128 million , compared to 2015 . The elements of the change are illustrated in the following table: 
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
(in millions, except for per gallon amounts)
Dollars
 
Cost/Gallon
 
Dollars
 
Cost/Gallon
Raw or "into-plane" fuel cost
$
372

 
$
1.38

 
$
492

 
$
2.01

(Gains) losses on settled hedges
8

 
0.03

 
10

 
0.04

Consolidated economic fuel expense
380

 
1.41

 
502

 
2.05

Mark-to-market fuel hedge adjustments
(12
)
 
(0.04
)
 
(6
)
 
(0.02
)
GAAP fuel expense
$
368

 
$
1.37

 
$
496

 
$
2.03

Fuel gallons
270

 
 
 
245

 
 

The raw fuel price per gallon decreased 31.3% as a result of lower West Coast jet fuel prices. The decrease in raw fuel price per gallon during the first six months of 2016 was due to decreases in refining margins of 46% , and decreases in crude oil prices of 25% .
 
Losses recognized for hedges that settled during the first six months of the year were $8 million in 2016 , compared to $10 million in 2015 .  These amounts represent the cash paid for premium expense, offset by cash received from those hedges. The decrease in losses on settled hedges is primarily due to our increasing use of "out of the money" call options as well as purchasing shorter-dated options, both of which reduce the premium cost we pay.

We currently expect our economic fuel price per gallon to be lower in the third quarter of 2016 compared to the third quarter of 2015 due to our current estimate of lower crude prices, lower refining margins, and a decrease in hedge premium expense. For the full year, we expect our economic fuel price per gallon to be lower than the prior year primarily due to lower refining margins.


30



Aircraft Maintenance

Aircraft maintenance increased by $18 million , or 16% , compared to the prior-year period due to more engine maintenance events in the current year when compared to the prior year. Additionally, in the prior year we received vendor credits, which offset our expense, for engine maintenance that had been previously completed on the B737 fleet.

For the full year, we expect aircraft maintenance to be approximately 3-4% higher than 2015 due to additional aircraft in our fleet.

Contracted Services

Contracted services expense increased $18 million , or 18% , compared to the first six months of 2015 . The increase is primarily due to increased flying at stations where we use vendors to assist us when compared to the prior year. Additionally, wage rates have increased in part due to higher minimum wage laws in certain locations.

For the full year, we expect contracted services to be higher than 2015, due to additional flying to more locations where we use vendors to assist us, higher minimum wage rates, and an increase in passenger volume.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense increased $25 million , or 16% , compared to the first six months of 2015 . The increase is primarily due to the addition of 20 owned aircraft in the fleet since June 30, 2015.

Special Items

We recorded special items of $ 14 million related to merger costs associated with our pending acquisition of Virgin America.

Additional Segment Information

Refer to the Notes of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a detailed description of each segment. Below is a summary of each segment's profitability.

Alaska Mainline

Pretax profit for Alaska Mainline was $670 million in the first six months of 2016 , compared to $558 million in the same period in 2015 . The $43 million increase in Mainline passenger revenue is described above. Mainline operating expense excluding fuel increased by $96 million to approximately $1.4 billion in 2016 due to higher wages to support our network growth, higher ramp and passenger handling due to increased flying and higher wage rates at stations where we use vendors to assist us, higher depreciation related to our fleet growth. Economic fuel cost decreased due to lower raw fuel costs, partially offset by an 8.5% increase in consumption.

Alaska Regional

Pretax profit for Alaska Regional was $37 million in the first six months of 2016 , compared to $37 million the second quarter of 2015 . The increased Regional revenue and the decline in fuel costs were offset by higher expenses to support the growth in our regional network.

Horizon

Pretax profit for Horizon was $5 million in the first six months of 2016 , compared to pretax profit of $14 million in the same period in 2015 . CPA Revenues ( 100% of which are from Alaska and eliminated in consolidation) increased due to additional capacity added in the last 12 months. The $25 million increase in Horizon's non-fuel operating expenses was largely driven by an increased volume of engine overhaul and heavy airframe work, and signing bonuses and overhead restructuring costs.


31



LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 
Our primary sources of liquidity are:
 
Our existing cash and marketable securities balance of $1.6 billion , and our expected cash from operations;

Our 101 unencumbered aircraft in our operating fleet that could be financed, if necessary;

Our combined $252 million bank line-of-credit facilities, with no outstanding borrowings.
  
During the first six months of 2016 , we took free and clear delivery of 12 B737-900ER aircraft. We made debt payments totaling $57 million . In addition, we continued to return capital to our shareholders by repurchasing $193 million of our common stock in 2016 , and paid dividends totaling $68 million . Because of our strong balance sheet and financial performance, we are one of only three airlines in the U.S. with an investment grade credit rating.

We intend to fund the pending $2.6 billion acquisition of Virgin America with cash on hand and secured debt financing using the majority of our unencumbered aircraft. We currently have business terms, in principle, for all of the financing needed to fund the acquisition.

In our cash and marketable securities portfolio, we invest only in securities that meet our overall investment policy of maintaining and securing investment principal. Our investment portfolio is managed by reputable firms that adhere to our investment policy that sets forth certain objectives, approved and prohibited investments, and duration and credit quality guidelines. Our policy and the portfolio managers are continually reviewed to ensure that the investments align with our strategy.

The table below presents the major indicators of financial condition and liquidity: 
(in millions, except per share and debt-to-capital amounts)
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
Change
Cash and marketable securities
$
1,607

 
$
1,328

 
21.0

%
Cash, marketable securities, and unused lines of credit as a percentage of trailing twelve months revenue
32
%
 
28
%
 
4

pts
Long-term debt, net of current portion
$
509

 
$
569

 
(10.5
)
%
Shareholders’ equity
$
2,627

 
$
2,411

 
9.0

%
Long-term debt-to-capital including net present value of aircraft operating lease payments (a)
25%:75%

 
27%:73%

 
(2
)
pts
(a)  
  Calculated using the present value of remaining aircraft lease payments for aircraft in our operating fleet as of the end of the period.

The following discussion summarizes the primary drivers of the increase in our cash and marketable securities balance and our expectation of future cash requirements.

ANALYSIS OF OUR CASH FLOWS
 
Cash Provided by Operating Activities
 
For the first six months of 2016 , net cash provided by operating activities was $899 million , compared to $889 million during the same period in 2015 . Improved operating results, primarily driven from lower jet fuel costs and higher revenues, contributed to the $10 million increase in operating cash flow.

We typically generate positive cash flows from operations and expect to use that cash flow to buy aircraft and capital equipment, make normal debt payments, and to return capital to shareholders through share repurchases and dividends. We have recently paused our share repurchase program as we are building cash for the pending Virgin America acquisition.
 

32



Cash Used in Investing Activities
 
Cash used in investing activities was $590 million during the first six months of 2016 , compared to $594 million during the same period of 2015 . Our capital expenditures were $340 million in the first six months of 2016 , a decrease of $219 million compared to the the same period in 2015. The decrease in cash used for capital expenditures in the current year is due to fewer pre-delivery deposits on aircraft made when compared to the prior year.

The table below reflects our full-year expectation for capital expenditures and additional expenditures if options are exercised. Options will be exercised only if we believe return on invested capital targets can be met. The table below excludes any associated capitalized interest.
(in millions)
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019
Aircraft and aircraft purchase deposits - firm
$
500

 
$
815

 
$
665

 
$
585

Other flight equipment
70

 
110

 
65

 
60

Other property and equipment
125

 
115

 
110

 
95

Total property and equipment additions
$
695

 
$
1,040

 
$
840

 
$
740

Option aircraft and aircraft deposits, if exercised (a)
$
70

 
$
135

 
$
270

 
$
600

(a)  
Alaska has options to acquire 46 B737 aircraft with deliveries from 2018 through 2024 . Horizon has options for 30 E175 aircraft with deliveries from 2019 to 2021 . Horizon also has options to acquire five Q400 aircraft with deliveries from 2018 through 2019 which we currently do not expect to exercise and related deposits are excluded from the table above.

Cash Used by Financing Activities
 
Net cash used by financing activities was $301 million during the first six months of 2016 compared to $357 million during the same period in 2015 . During the first six months of 2016 we made debt payments of $57 million , stock repurchases of $193 million , and dividend payments totaling $68 million .

Bank Line-of-Credit Facilities
 
We have two $100 million credit facilities and a $52 million credit facility. Information about these facilities can be found in Note 6 in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. We have no immediate plans to borrow using any of these facilities.
 
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS
 
Aircraft Purchase Commitments
 
As of June 30, 2016 , we have firm orders to purchase 56 737 aircraft and 33 E175 aircraft. As of June 30, 2016, we also have commitments for 2 Q400 aircraft that we currently do not intend to take delivery of. We also have options to acquire 46 B737 aircraft with deliveries from 2018 through 2024 , 30 E175 aircraft with deliveries from 2017 to 2021 and five Q400 aircraft with deliveries from 2018 through 2019 . In addition, as of June 30, 2016 , we have options in future periods to add regional capacity by having SkyWest operate up to 8 more E175 aircraft.

The following table summarizes expected fleet activity by year:
 
Actual Fleet
 
Expected Fleet Activity (a)
Aircraft
Dec 31, 2015
 
2016 Changes
 
Dec 31, 2016
 
2017-2018 Changes
 
Dec 31, 2018
737 Freighters & Combis (b)
6

 

 
6

 
(3
)
 
3

737 Passenger Aircraft (b)
141

 
6

 
147

 
9

 
156

Total Mainline Fleet
147

 
6

 
153

 
6

 
159

Q400 (d)
52

 

 
52

 
(15
)
 
37

E175 (c)
5

 
10

 
15

 
28

 
43

CRJ700 (c)
8

 
(8
)
 

 

 

Total Regional Fleet
65

 
2

 
67

 
13

 
80

Total
212

 
8

 
220

 
19

 
239

(a)  
The expected fleet counts at December 31, 2016 and beyond are subject to change.

33



(b)  
2016 change in 737 Passenger Aircraft reflects delivery of 19 737-900 aircraft, the retirement of 10 737-400 aircraft and the removal from service of three 737-700 aircraft. The three 737-700 aircraft are being converted to freighters and will return to service in 2017.
(c)  
Aircraft are operated under capacity purchase agreements with Horizon or other regional airlines.
(d)  
Excludes deliveries of two Q400 aircraft that are currently contracted. At this time we do not expect to take delivery of those aircraft.

For future firm orders, and if we exercise our options for additional deliveries, we may finance the aircraft through internally generated cash, long-term debt, or lease arrangements.

Fuel Hedge Positions

All of our current oil positions are call options, which are designed to effectively cap the cost of the crude oil component of our jet fuel purchases. With call options, we benefit from a decline in crude oil prices, as there is no cash outlay other than the premiums we pay to enter into the contracts. Our crude oil positions are as follows:
 
Approximate % of Expected Fuel Requirements
 
Weighted-Average Crude Oil Price per Barrel
 
Average Premium Cost per Barrel
Third Quarter 2016
50
%
 
$62
 
$3
Fourth Quarter 2016
50
%
 
$61
 
$3
  Remainder 2016
50
%
 
$62
 
$3
First Quarter 2017
40
%
 
$58
 
$3
Second Quarter 2017
30
%
 
$58
 
$3
Third Quarter 2017
20
%
 
$59
 
$4
Fourth Quarter 2017
10
%
 
$63
 
$4
Full Year 2017
25
%
 
$59
 
$3

Contractual Obligations
 
The following table provides a summary of our principal payments under current and long-term debt obligations, operating lease commitments, aircraft purchase commitments and other obligations as of June 30, 2016 . Such commitments do not reflect the pending Virgin America merger.
(in millions)
Remainder of 2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019
 
2020
 
Beyond 2020
 
Total
Current and long-term debt obligations
$
58

 
$
121

 
$
151

 
$
114

 
$
116

 
$
69

 
$
629

Operating lease commitments (a)
86

 
189

 
132

 
123

 
113

 
542

 
1,185

Aircraft purchase commitments (d)
305

 
931

 
725

 
648

 
337

 
400

 
3,346

Interest obligations (b)
15

 
26

 
20

 
12

 
7

 
4

 
84

Capacity Purchase Agreements (c)
34

 
78

 
81

 
86

 
92

 
745

 
1,116

Total
$
498

 
$
1,345

 
$
1,109

 
$
983

 
$
665

 
$
1,760

 
$
6,360

(a)  
Operating lease commitments generally include aircraft operating leases (including those under capacity purchase agreements), airport property and hangar leases, office space, and other equipment leases.
(b)  
For variable-rate debt, future obligations are shown above using interest rates in effect as of June 30, 2016 .
(c)  
Includes minimum obligations associated with third-party CPA provider SkyWest. Refer to the "Commitments" note in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.
(d)  
Includes payments for two Q400 aircraft deliveries in 2018 that are currently contracted. However, at this time we do not expect to take delivery of those aircraft.

  Credit Card Agreements
 
We have agreements with a number of credit card companies to process the sale of tickets and other services. Under these agreements, there are material adverse change clauses that, if triggered, could result in the credit card companies holding back a reserve from our credit card receivables. Under one such agreement, we could be required to maintain a reserve if our credit rating is downgraded to, or below, a rating specified by the agreement or our cash and marketable securities balance falls below $500 million . Under another such agreement, we could be required to maintain a reserve if our cash and marketable securities balance falls below $500 million . We are not currently required to maintain any reserve under these agreements, but if we were, our financial position and liquidity could be materially harmed.

34




Deferred Income Taxes

For federal income tax purposes, the majority of our assets are fully depreciated over a seven-year life using an accelerated depreciation method or bonus depreciation, if available. For financial reporting purposes, the majority of our assets are depreciated over 15 to 20 years to an estimated salvage value using the straight-line basis. This difference, along with other deferred liabilities and offset by deferred assets, have created a significant deferred tax liability. At some point in the future the depreciation basis will reverse, potentially resulting in an increase in income taxes paid.

Taxable income and cash taxes payable in the short term are impacted by many items, including the amount of book income generated (which can be volatile depending on revenue and fuel prices), availability of "bonus depreciation", and other legislative changes that are out of our control. We believe that we have the liquidity to make our future tax payments.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates for the six months ended June 30, 2016 . For information on our critical accounting estimates, see Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 .

35




Glossary of Terms

Aircraft Utilization - block hours per day; this represents the average number of hours our aircraft are flying

Aircraft Stage Length - represents the average miles flown per aircraft departure

ASMs - available seat miles, or “capacity”; represents total seats available across the fleet multiplied by the number of miles flown

CASM - operating costs per ASM, or "unit cost"; represents all operating expenses including fuel and special items

CASMex - operating costs excluding fuel and special items per ASM; this metric is used to help track progress toward reduction of non-fuel operating costs since fuel is largely out of our control

Debt-to-capitalization ratio - represents adjusted debt (long-term debt plus the present value of future operating lease payments) divided by total equity plus adjusted debt

Economic Fuel - best estimate of the cash cost of fuel, net of the impact of our fuel-hedging program

Free Cash Flow - total operating cash flow generated less cash paid for capital expenditures (shown as Total property and equipment additions on the statement of cash flows)

Load Factor - RPMs as a percentage of ASMs; represents the number of available seats that were filled with paying passengers

Mainline - represents flying Boeing 737 jets and all associated revenues and costs

PRASM - passenger revenue per ASM; commonly called “passenger unit revenue”

Productivity - number of revenue passengers per full-time equivalent employee

RASM - operating revenue per ASMs, or "unit revenue"; operating revenue includes all passenger revenue, freight & mail, Mileage Plan, and other ancillary revenue; represents the average total revenue for flying one seat one mile

Regional - represents capacity purchased by Alaska from Horizon, SkyWest, and PenAir. In this segment, Alaska Regional records actual on-board passenger revenue, less costs such as fuel, distribution costs, and payments made to Horizon, SkyWest and PenAir under the respective capacity purchased arrangement (CPAs). Additionally, Alaska Regional includes an allocation of corporate overhead such as IT, finance, other administrative costs incurred by Alaska and on behalf of Horizon

RPMs - revenue passenger miles, or "traffic"; represents the number of seats that were filled with paying passengers; one passenger traveling one mile is one RPM

Yield - passenger revenue per RPM; represents the average revenue for flying one passenger one mile

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
There have been no material changes in market risk from the information provided in Item 7A. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 .
 
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of June 30, 2016 , an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer (collectively, our “certifying officers”), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. These disclosure controls and procedures are designed to

36



ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in our periodic reports filed with or submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC's rules and forms, and includes, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our certifying officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our certifying officers concluded, based on their evaluation, that disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2016 .
 
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
We made no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2016 , that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Our internal control over financial reporting is based on the 2013 framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO Framework).

37



PART II

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
We are a party to routine litigation matters incidental to our business. Management believes the ultimate disposition of these matters is not likely to materially affect our financial position or results of operations. This forward-looking statement is based on management’s current understanding of the relevant law and facts, and it is subject to various contingencies, including the potential costs and risks associated with litigation and the actions of judges and juries.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors affecting our business, financial condition or future results from those set forth in Item 1A."Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and in our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2016. However you should carefully consider the factors discussed in such section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

This table provides certain information with respect to our purchases of shares of our common stock during the second quarter of 2016 .  
 
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
 
Average Price
Paid per Share
 
Maximum remaining
dollar value of shares
that can be purchased
under the plan (in millions)
April 1, 2016 - April 30, 2016
682,273

 
$
78.33

 
 
May 1, 2016 - May 6, 2016
191,123

 
69.61

 
 
Total
873,396

 
$
76.43

 
$
687


The shares were purchased pursuant to a $1 billion repurchase plan authorized by the Board of Directors in August 2015.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
 
None


38



ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
 
The following documents are filed as part of this report:

1.
Exhibits: See Exhibit Index.

SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.
 
 
 
/s/ CHRISTOPHER M. BERRY
 
Christopher M. Berry
 
Managing Director, Accounting and Controller
 
(Principal Accounting Officer)
 
 
 
August 2, 2016
 
 

39



EXHIBIT INDEX
 
Exhibit
Number
Exhibit
Description
Form
Date of First Filing
Exhibit Number
2.1
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 1, 2016, by and among Virgin America Inc., Alaska Air Group, Inc. and Alpine Acquisition Corp.
8-K
April 4, 2016
2.1
10.1†
Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement
10-Q
 
 
10.2†
Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement
10-Q
 
 
10.3†
Form of Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement
10-Q
 
 
10.4†
Form of Stock Unit Award Agreement
10-Q
 
 
10.5
Alaska Air Group, Inc. 2016 Performance Incentive Plan
8-K
May 18, 2016
10.1
10.6#
Purchase Agreement, dated April 11, 2016, between Embraer S.A. and Horizon Air Industries, Inc.
10-Q
May 9, 2016
10.1
31.1†
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
10-Q
 
 
31.2†
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
10-Q
 
 
32.1†
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
10-Q
 
 
32.2†
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
10-Q
 
 
101.INS†
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
101.SCH†
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
101.CAL†
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.DEF†
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.LAB†
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.PRE†
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filed herewith
 
 
 
#
Pursuant to 17 CFR 240.24b-2, confidential information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a Confidential Treatment Application filed with the Commission.
 
 
 


40
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