NEW YORK (AP) - An investor might shrug off one gloomy reading on the job
market, service sector or manufacturing as an anomaly, but two starts to smell
like a trend. With fears of recession at their highest levels yet, Wall Street
hopes this week's economic reports don't turn the remaining optimists into
doomsayers.
On Monday, the Institute for Supply Management reports on U.S. manufacturing
in February -- most analysts are expecting contraction, after a modest uptick in
January and contraction in December. They also expect to see another decline
Wednesday in ISM's gauge of February service sector activity, following a steep
plunge in January.
December's manufacturing contraction had been the first since January 2007,
and the service sector's recent contraction was its first in nearly five years.
Perhaps most significant for Wall Street, though, will be Friday's February
jobs report. On average, economists are forecasting a slight increase in
payrolls, but many believe they will decline for a second straight month. Last
month, the Labor Department revealed that there was a net jobs loss in January
-- the first in almost four years.
It's possible the government may revise January's data after finding out
through further research that jobs actually rose in that month. Several months
ago, the Labor Department reported a net jobs loss for August, only to revise it
up a month later.
But the market is not betting on it.
"We may have another loss of jobs," said Alfred E. Goldman, chief market
strategist at A.G. Edwards & Sons Inc. in St. Louis. "And that would certainly
confirm, in my opinion, that recession is upon us."
A recession is usually defined by two straight quarters of declines in gross
domestic output, the broadest gauge of economic health. A survey released last
week by the National Association for Business Economics showed that 45 percent
of economists are predicting a recession in 2008.
"The consumer's had a tough row to hoe," said Goldman, pointing to rising
energy costs, declining home prices and swelling debt. "If they're secure in
their jobs, they continue to spend, but with the softening job market, spending
will continue to contract."
Usually, delinquency and default rates in consumer loans correlate with the
unemployment rate, but this time around, credit problems ballooned ahead of job
market weakness. So now, investors are asking, how much will the job market
slump, and how much worse could America's debt troubles get as a result?
Problems at the consumer level have a direct effect on when the world's
financial centers will recover from their recent struggles: rising loan defaults
mean more investment losses.
"With brokers and banks unable to commit capital, the credit crunch is
increasing," said Jane Caron, chief economic strategist at Dwight Asset
Management. "If nonfarm payrolls start to decline, on trend ... that's going to
worsen the outlook for the value of these structured finance products."
As jitters about bond insurers continue to slam the market, the nation's
largest insurer -- American International Group Inc. -- dealt the stock market a
blow last Friday by revealing its largest quarterly loss ever. AIG lost $5.3
billion in the fourth quarter, mostly due to contracts known as credit default
swaps, which pledge to cover missed debt payments.
After rising early in the week and then tumbling, the Dow Jones industrial
average finished the week down 0.93 percent. The Standard & Poor's 500 index
fell 1.66 percent, and the Nasdaq composite index lost 1.38 percent.
The Dow is above the lows it hit in late January, but many market
strategists believe that it could return to those levels before it launches a
recovery.
Aside from better-than-expected economic data, calming words from Fed
officials scheduled to speak this week -- and any positive news on the corporate
front -- could help keep stocks afloat. But market watchers are not expecting
volatility to let up anytime soon.
"Investors are quite concerned about the quality of balance sheets at banks
and brokers, and about hedge fund blowups," Caron said. "That will continue to
keep investors gun-shy, not just in the week to come, but the month to come."
Some major brokerages are scheduled to post their quarterly results later in
March, but most financial companies don't release their earnings until April.
Companies reporting earnings this week include retailers BJ's Wholesale Club,
Costco Wholesale Corp., Saks Inc. and Staples Inc., which should give investors
a taste of how consumers are spending their money.
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