Edwards Lifesciences Corp. said Tuesday it is voluntarily implementing a temporary pause on enrollment in an early study of its experimental Fortis mitral heart valves that are implanted or repaired via catheters instead of open-heart surgery.

The Irvine, Calif.-based maker of nonsurgical heart valves said evidence of valve thrombosis was observed that the company thinks warrants additional investigation. Edwards said it is working closely with trial investigators and heart teams to gather additional information in the study.

Edwards said that to date, the company has treated more than 20 patients globally with the experimental Fortis valve, all of whom had symptomatic mitral regurgitation and who were either compassionate cases or in one of its high-risk registries.

Analysts have said that nonsurgical mitral heart valves could address an even larger market than aortic catheter valves, also known as TAVR.

Edwards' sales of non surgical heart valves have continued to exceed expectations lately despite increased competition. The devices, known as transcatheter heart valves, serve as an alternative procedure for elderly patients who are ineligible or considered at high risk of complications in open-heart surgery.

Shares fell 1.6% to $129.60 in morning trading.

Write to Tess Stynes at tess.stynes@wsj.com

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