CRI Carters Inc

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 8-K

 

 

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): August 20, 2015

 

 

Carter’s, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware		001-31829		13-3912933
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)		(Commission File Number)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

Phipps Tower

3438 Peachtree Road NE, Suite 1800

Atlanta, Georgia 30326

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(678) 791-1000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the Registrant under any of the following provisions:

 

¨	Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

 

¨	Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

 

¨	Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

 

¨	Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 

 

 

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Item 5.03.

Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change In Fiscal Year.

On August 20, 2015, and effective as of that date, the board of directors (the “Board”) of Carter’s, Inc. (“Carter’s”) amended and restated (the “Amendment”) Carter’s Amended and Restated By-laws (the “By-laws”). The Amendment adds a new Section 6.4 to the By-laws that designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain legal actions, unless Carter’s consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum.

The Amendment also amends the By-laws to incorporate certain clarifications of existing provisions, including as follows:

 

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Section 1.2 was amended to make clear that the Board is authorized to set the place, date, and time of annual meetings.

 

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Section 1.3 was amended to make clear that the business transacted at any special meeting of the stockholders will be limited to only those matters stated in the notice for such meeting.

 

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Section 1.4 was amended to make clear that notices of stockholder meetings will be sent to those holders who hold stock as of the record date and otherwise in accordance with applicable law. In addition, Section 1.4 was amended to make clear when and how a stockholder can waive, or will be deemed to have waived, the notice requirements for a stockholder meeting.

 

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Section 1.5 was amended to make clear that an officer of the corporation will have charge of the stock ledger and related duties, and that the voting list will include information for all stockholders who hold any class of outstanding capital stock.

 

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Section 1.6 was amended to make clear how the stockholders may adjourn stockholder meetings if a quorum is not present.

 

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New Section 1.10 was added to make clear the duties of the inspector of a stockholder meeting.

 

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Section 1.14 was amended to make clear the procedures relating to stockholder action by written consent.

 

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Section 2.1 was amended to make clear that the Board may adopt rules and procedures as it may deem proper for the conduct of its meetings and the management of Carter’s.

 

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Section 2.6 was amended to make clear that the removal of a director is subject to applicable law and the certificate of incorporation of Carter’s.

 

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Section 2.12 was amended to make clear that directors need to be able to be heard during telephonic meetings of the Board.

 

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Section 2.15 was amended to make clear that committees of the Board may act by written consent.

 

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Section 2.16 was amended to make clear what constitutes a quorum at meetings of committees of the Board.

 

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Section 3.1 was amended to make clear that any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

 

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New Section 3.12 was added to make clear that duties of officers may be delegated by the Chief Executive Officer or the Board to any other officer or to a member of the Board.

 

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Section 4.5 was amended to make clear that the Board may fix the record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to vote at any adjournment of a meeting.

 

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Section 6.5 was amended to make clear that officers may designate persons to sign checks in addition to the Board (assuming the designating officer has been delegated such power).

The previous version of each of the amended sections noted above is hereby incorporated by reference from the By-laws of Carter’s, which are attached as Exhibit 3.2 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Carter’s filed on February 29, 2012.

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The foregoing description is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the Amendment, which is included as Exhibit 3.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated into this Item 5.03 by reference.

 

Item 9.01.

Financial Statements and Exhibits.

Exhibits – The following exhibit is filed as part of this Current Report on Form 8-K.

 

Exhibit Number		Description
3.2		Amended and Restated By-laws of Carter’s, Inc.

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Signature

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Carter’s, Inc. has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

August 26, 2015

 

Exhibit 3.2

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

BY-LAWS

OF

CARTER’S, INC.

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Table of Contents

 

				Page
ARTICLE 1—STOCKHOLDERS					1
1.1		Place of Meetings			1
1.2		Annual Meeting			1
1.3		Special Meeting			1
1.4		Notice of Meetings			1
1.5		Voting List			2
1.6		Quorum			2
1.7		Adjournments			2
1.8		Voting			2
1.9		Proxy Representation			3
1.10		Inspectors at Meetings of Stockholders			4
1.11		Action at Meeting			4
1.12		Nomination of Directors			4
1.13		Notice of Business at Annual Meetings			5
1.14		Written Consent of Stockholders Without a Meeting			7
1.15		Conduct of Meeting			6
ARTICLE 2—DIRECTORS					7
2.1		General Powers			7
2.2		Number; Election and Qualification			7
2.3		Classes of Directors			7
2.4		Terms of Office			8
2.5		Allocation of Directors Among Classes in the Event of Increases or Decreases in the Number of Directors			8
2.6		Removal			8
2.7		Vacancies			8
2.8		Resignation			8
2.9		Regular Meetings			9
2.10		Special Meetings			9
2.11		Notice of Special Meetings			9
2.12		Meetings by Telephone Conference Calls			9
2.13		Quorum			9
2.14		Action at Meeting			9
2.15		Action by Consent			9
2.16		Committees			10
2.17		Compensation of Directors			10
ARTICLE 3—OFFICERS					10
3.1		Enumeration			10
3.2		Election			10
3.3		Qualification			10
3.4		Tenure			10

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				Page
3.5		Resignation and Removal			11
3.6		Vacancies			11
3.7		Chairman of the Board and Vice Chairman of the Board			11
3.8		President			11
3.9		Vice Presidents			11
3.10		Secretary and Assistant Secretaries			12
3.11		Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers			12
3.12		Duties of Officers May be Delegated.			13
3.13		Salaries			12
ARTICLE 4—CAPITAL STOCK					13
4.1		Issuance of Stock			13
4.2		Certificates of Stock			13
4.3		Transfers			13
4.4		Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates			13
4.5		Record Date			13
ARTICLE 5—RECORDS AND REPORTS					14
5.1		Maintenance and Inspection of Records			14
5.2		Inspection by Director			14
5.3		Representation of Shares of Other Corporations			14
ARTICLE 6—GENERAL PROVISIONS					15
6.1		Fiscal Year			15
6.2		Corporate Seal			15
6.3		Waiver of Notice			15
6.4		Exclusive Forum			16
6.5		Checks; Drafts; Evidences of Indebtedness			15
6.6		Corporate Contracts and Instruments; How Executed			15
6.7		Evidence of Authority			16
6.8		Certificate of Incorporation			16
6.9		Transactions with Interested Parties			16
6.10		Construction; Definitions			16
6.11		Provisions Additional to Provisions of Law			17
6.12		Provisions Contrary to Provisions of Law; Severability			17
6.13		Notices			17
ARTICLE 7—AMENDMENTS					17

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ARTICLE 1—STOCKHOLDERS

1.1 Place of Meetings. All meetings of stockholders shall be held at such place, within or without the State of Delaware, or, if so determined by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, at no place (but rather by means of remote communication), as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors, or, if not so designated, at the principal executive office of the corporation.

1.2 Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting shall be held at such date, time and place as shall be fixed by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting. If no annual meeting is held in accordance with the foregoing provisions, a special meeting may be held in lieu of the annual meeting, and any action taken at that special meeting shall have the same effect as if it had been taken at the annual meeting, and in such case, all references in these Amended and Restated By-Laws to the annual meeting of stockholders shall be deemed to refer to such special meeting.

1.3 Special Meeting. Special meetings of stockholders may be called at any time only by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer (or, if there is no Chief Executive Officer, the President), the holder or holders of more than 35% of the outstanding common stock of the corporation, or by vote of a majority of the Board of Directors. Any business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to only those matters stated in the notice of meeting.

1.4 Notice of Meetings. Except as otherwise provided by law, written notice of each meeting of stockholders, whether annual or special, shall be given not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting. The notices of all meetings shall state the place, if any, the date, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, and the hour of the meeting. The notice of a special meeting shall state, in addition, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Notice of any meeting of stockholders shall be given either personally or by mail, electronic mail, telecopy, telegram or other electronic or wireless means in accordance with applicable law. Notices not personally delivered shall be sent charges prepaid and shall be addressed to the stockholder at the address of that stockholder appearing on the books of the corporation. Notice shall be deemed to have been given at the time when delivered personally or deposited in the mail or at the time of transmission when sent by electronic mail, telecopy, telegram or other electronic or wireless means. An affidavit of the mailing or other means of giving any notice of any stockholders’ meeting, executed by the secretary, assistant secretary or any transfer agent of the corporation giving the notice, shall be prima facie evidence of the giving of such notice or report. Notice of any meeting need not be given to any stockholder who shall, either before or after the meeting, submit a waiver of notice or who shall attend such meeting, except when the stockholder attends for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Any stockholder so waiving notice of the meeting shall be bound by the proceedings of the meeting in all respects as if due notice thereof had been given.

 

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1.5 Voting List. The officer of the corporation who has charge of the stock ledger of the corporation shall prepare, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares of each class of capital stock registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting, for any purpose germane to the meeting on either, at the corporation’s sole discretion, (a) a reasonably accessible electronic network (for which such information required to access the electronic network shall be provided with the notice of the meeting) or (b) during ordinary business hours at the corporation’s principal place of business. If the meeting is to be held at a place, the list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time of the meeting, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, the list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting.

1.6 Quorum. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Amended and Restated By-Laws, the holders of a majority of the shares of the capital stock of the corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person, by means of remote communication, if authorized, or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote there at, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have the power, by the affirmative vote of a majority in voting power thereof, to adjourn the meeting from time to time, in the manner provided in these Amended and Restated By-Laws, until a quorum shall be present or represented. A quorum, once established, shall not be broken by the subsequent withdrawal of enough votes to leave less than a quorum. At any such adjourned meeting at which there is a quorum, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting originally called.

1.7 Adjournments. Any meeting of stockholders may be adjourned to any other time and to any other place at which a meeting of stockholders may be held under these Amended and Restated By-Laws by the stockholders present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote, although less than a quorum, or, if no stockholder is present, by any officer entitled to preside at or to act as secretary of such meeting. It shall not be necessary to notify any stockholder of any adjournment of less than thirty (30) days if the time and place of the adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which adjournment is taken, unless after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting. At the adjourned meeting, the corporation may transact any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting.

1.8 Voting. Each stockholder shall have one vote for each share of capital stock entitled to vote and held of record by such stockholder, unless otherwise provided by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Amended and Restated By-Laws. Each stockholder of record entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may vote in person or by electronic means, as determined by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion.

 

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Any stockholder entitled to vote on any matter may vote part of the shares in favor of the proposal and refrain from voting the remaining shares or, except when the matter is the election of directors, may vote them against the proposal; but if the stockholder fails to specify the number of shares that the stockholder is voting affirmatively, it will be conclusively presumed that the stockholder’s approving vote is with respect to all shares that the stockholder is entitled to vote.

1.9 Proxy Representation. Every stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy in all matters in which a stockholder is entitled to participate, whether by waiving notice of any meeting, objecting to or voting or participating at a meeting, or expressing consent or dissent without a meeting. The delivery of a proxy on behalf of a stockholder consistent with telephonic or electronically transmitted instructions obtained pursuant to procedures of the corporation reasonably designed to verify that such instructions have been authorized by such stockholder shall constitute execution and delivery of the proxy by or on behalf of the stockholder. No proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date unless such proxy provides for a longer period. A duly executed proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and, if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power. A proxy may be made irrevocable regardless of whether the interest with which it is coupled is an interest in the stock itself or an interest in the corporation generally. The authorization of a proxy may but need not be limited to specified action; provided, however, that if a proxy limits its authorization to a meeting or meetings of stockholders, unless otherwise specifically provided such proxy shall entitle the holder thereof to vote at any adjourned session but shall not be valid after the final adjournment thereof. A proxy purporting to be authorized by or on behalf of a stockholder, if accepted by the corporation in its discretion, shall be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise, and the burden of proving invalidity shall rest on the challenger.

1.10 Inspectors at Meetings of Stockholders. The Board of Directors, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, may, and shall if required by law, appoint one or more inspectors, who may be employees of the corporation, to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof and make a written report thereof. The Board of Directors may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting, the person presiding at the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The inspectors shall (a) ascertain the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, (b) determine the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum and the validity of proxies and ballots, (c) count all votes and ballots, (d) determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors and (e) certify their determination of the number of shares represented at the meeting and their count of all votes and ballots. The inspectors may appoint or retain other persons or entities to assist the inspectors in the performance of their duties. Unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, the date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting shall be announced at the meeting. No ballot, proxies, votes or any revocation thereof or change thereto, shall be accepted by the inspectors after the closing of the polls unless the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware upon application by a stockholder shall determine otherwise.

 

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In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots cast at any meeting of stockholders, the inspectors may consider such information as is permitted by applicable law. No person who is a candidate for office at an election may serve as an inspector at such election.

1.11 Action at Meeting. When a quorum is present at any meeting, a nominee for director shall be elected if the number of votes properly cast “for” such nominee’s election exceeds the number of votes properly cast “against” such nominee’s election or cast as “withhold” with respect to such nominee; provided that, if with respect to any meeting, the number of persons intended to be nominated for election to the Board of Directors of the corporation at such meeting (1) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or a committee appointed by the Board of Directors and (2) by any stockholders of the corporation entitled to vote for the election of directors at the meeting who have complied with the notice procedures set forth in Article II exceeds the number of directors to be elected at such meeting, the directors shall be elected by the plurality of the votes properly cast at such meeting. A majority of the votes properly cast upon any question other than an election to an office shall decide the question, except when a larger vote is required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation, by the By-Laws or by the rules or regulations of the New York Stock Exchange, the NASD or any other stock exchange applicable to the corporation. No ballot shall be required for any election unless requested by a stockholder present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote in the election.

1.12 Nomination of Directors. Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as directors. The nomination for election to the Board of Directors of the corporation at a meeting of stockholders may be made only (a) pursuant to the notice of the meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (b) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (c) by any stockholder of the corporation who was a stockholder of record of the corporation at the time the notice provided for below in this Section 1.12 is delivered to the Secretary who is entitled to vote in the election of directors at the meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1.12. Such nominations, other than those made by or on behalf of the Board of Directors, shall be made by timely notice in writing delivered or mailed to the Secretary in accordance with the provisions of Section 1.13. Such notice shall set forth (a) as to each proposed nominee (i) the name, age, business address and, if known, residence address of each such nominee, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of each such nominee, (iii) the number of shares of stock of the corporation that are beneficially owned by each such nominee, (iv) a description of all arrangements or understandings between the stockholder and each nominee and any other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the nominations are to be made by the stockholder, and (iv) any other information concerning the nominee that must be disclosed as to nominees in proxy solicitations pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), including such person’s written consent to be named as a nominee and to serve as a director if elected; and (b) as to the stockholder giving the notice, the information required to be provided pursuant to Section 1.13. The corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the corporation.

 

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The chair of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section 1.12, and if he or she should so determine, the chair shall so declare to the meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.12, if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual meeting of stockholders of the corporation to present a nomination, such nomination shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the corporation.

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.12, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 1.12. Nothing in this Section 1.12 shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the 1934 Act.

1.13 Notice of Business at Annual Meetings. At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (c) otherwise properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder who was a stockholder of record of the corporation at the time the stockholder’s notice provided for below in this Section 1.13 is delivered to the Secretary who is entitled to vote and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1.13. For business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, if such business relates to the election of directors of the corporation, the procedures in Section 1.12 must be complied with. If such business relates to any other matter, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to or mailed by first class United States mail, postage prepaid, and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not less than ninety (90) calendar days nor more than one hundred twenty (120) calendar days prior to the anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders; provided, however, that if the annual meeting is not held within thirty (30) days before or after such anniversary date, then for the notice by the stockholder to be timely it must be so received not later than the close of business on the 10^th day following the date on which the notice of the meeting was mailed or such public disclosure was made, whichever occurs first. A stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (a) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (b) the name and address, as they appear on the corporation’s books, of the stockholder proposing such business, (c) the class and number of shares of the corporation that are beneficially owned by the stockholder, and (d) any material interest of the stockholder in such business. Notwithstanding anything in these Amended and Restated By-Laws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at any annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.13 and except that any stockholder proposal that complies with Rule 14a-8 of the proxy rules, or any successor provision, promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is to be included in the corporation’s proxy

 

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statement for an annual meeting of stockholders shall be deemed to comply with the requirements of this Section 1.13.

The chair of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section 1.13, and if he or she should so determine, the chair shall so declare to the meeting and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted.

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.13, if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual meeting of stockholders of the corporation to present business, such proposed business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the corporation.

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.13, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 1.13. Nothing in this Section 1.113 shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the 1934 Act.

1.14 Written Consent of Stockholders Without a Meeting. Any action to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action to be so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having a majority of the number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered (by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested) to the corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business or an officer or agent of the corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Every written consent shall bear the date of signature of each stockholder who signs the consent, and no written consent shall be effective to take the corporate action referred to therein unless, within 60 days of the earliest dated consent delivered in the manner required by this section, written consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take action are delivered to the corporation as aforesaid. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall, to the extent required by applicable law, be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing, and who, if the action had been taken at a meeting, would have been entitled to notice of the meeting if the record date for notice of such meeting had been the date that written consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take the action were delivered to the corporation.

1.15 Conduct of Meeting. The Chairman of the Board or, in his or her absence, the Vice Chairman of the Board, if any, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or any Vice President, in the order named, shall call meetings of the stockholders to order and act as chair of such meeting; provided, however, that, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board, the Board of Directors may appoint any stockholder to act as chair of any meeting. The Secretary of the corporation or, in his or her absence, any Assistant Secretary, shall act as secretary at all meetings of the stockholders; provided, however, that in the absence of the Secretary at any meeting of the stockholders, the person acting as chair at any meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of such meeting.

 

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The Board of Directors of the corporation shall be entitled to make such rules or regulations for the conduct of meetings of stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Subject to such rules and regulations of the Board of Directors, if any, the person presiding over the meeting shall have the right and authority to convene and adjourn the meeting, to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of the person presiding over the meeting, are necessary, appropriate or convenient for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation, establishing an agenda or order of business for the meeting, rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present, limitations on participation in such meeting to stockholders of record of the corporation and their duly authorized and constituted proxies and such other persons as the person presiding over the meeting shall permit, restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof, limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants and regulation of the opening and closing of the polls for balloting and matters that are to be voted on by ballot. The person presiding over the meeting, in addition to making any other determinations that may be appropriate to the conduct of the meeting, shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a matter or business was not properly brought before the meeting and if the person presiding over the meeting should so determine and declare, any such matter or business shall not be transacted or considered. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board of Directors or the person presiding over the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with rules of parliamentary procedure.

ARTICLE 2—DIRECTORS

2.1 General Powers. The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of a Board of Directors, who may exercise all of the powers of the corporation, including adopting rules and procedures, except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Amended and Restated By-Laws, as it may deem proper for the conduct of its meetings and the management of the corporation. In the event of a vacancy in the Board of Directors, the remaining directors, except as otherwise provided by law, may exercise the powers of the full Board of Directors until the vacancy is filled.

2.2 Number; Election and Qualification. The number of directors that shall constitute the whole Board of Directors shall be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors, but in no event shall be less than three. The number of directors may be decreased at any time and from time to time by a majority of the directors then in office, but only to eliminate vacancies existing by reason of the death, resignation, removal or expiration of the term of one or more directors. The directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of stockholders by such stockholders as have the right to vote on such election. The directors need not be stockholders of the corporation.

2.3 Classes of Directors. The Board of Directors shall be and is divided into three classes: Class I, Class II and Class III. No one class shall have more than one director more than any other class. If a fraction is contained in the quotient arrived at by dividing the designated number of directors by three, then, if such fraction is one-third, the extra director shall be a

 

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member of Class III, and if such fraction is two-thirds, one of the extra directors shall be a member of Class III and one of the extra directors shall be a member of Class II, unless otherwise provided from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.

2.4 Terms of Office. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Amended and Restated By-Laws, each director shall serve for a term ending on the date of the third annual meeting following the annual meeting at which such director was elected; provided, however, that each initial director in Class I shall serve for a term ending on the date of the annual meeting in 2004; each initial director in Class II shall serve for a term ending on the date of the annual meeting of stockholders in 2005; and each initial director in Class III shall serve for a term ending on the date of the annual meeting of stockholders in 2006; and provided, further, that the term of each director shall be subject to the election and qualification of his successor and to his earlier death, resignation or removal.

2.5 Allocation of Directors Among Classes in the Event of Increases or Decreases in the Number of Directors. In the event of any increase or decrease in the authorized number of directors, (i) each director then serving as such shall nevertheless continue as a director of the class of which he is a member and (ii) the newly created or eliminated directorships resulting from such increase or decrease shall be apportioned by the Board of Directors among the three classes of directors so as to ensure that no one class has more than one director more than any other class. To the extent possible, consistent with the foregoing rule, any newly created directorships shall be added to those classes whose terms of office are to expire at the latest dates following such allocation, and any newly eliminated directorships shall be subtracted from those classes whose terms of offices are to expire at the earliest dates following such allocation, unless otherwise provided from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.

2.6 Removal. Except as prohibited by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, the directors of the corporation may be removed with or without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of the capital stock of the corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote generally in the election of directors cast at a meeting of the stockholders called for that purpose.

2.7 Vacancies. Any vacancy in the Board of Directors, however occurring, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of the Board of Directors, shall be filled only by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. A director chosen to fill a vacancy shall hold office for the unexpired term of his predecessor in office, and a director chosen to fill a position resulting from an increase in the number of directors shall hold office until the next election of the class for which such director shall have been chosen, subject to the election and qualification of his successor and to his earlier death, resignation or removal.

2.8 Resignation. Any director may resign by delivering his or her written resignation to the corporation at its principal office or to the President or Secretary. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless it is specified to be effective at some other time or upon the happening of some other future event.

 

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2.9 Regular Meetings. The regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such time and place, either within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors; provided, that any director who is absent when such a determination is made shall be given notice of the determination. A regular meeting of the Board of Directors may be held without notice immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of stockholders.

2.10 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any time and place, within or without the State of Delaware, designated in a call by the Chairman of the Board, the President, two or more directors, or by one director in the event that there is only a single director in office.

2.11 Notice of Special Meetings. Notice of any special meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director by the Secretary or by the officer or one of the directors calling the meeting. The notice shall be duly given to each director (i) by giving notice to such director in person or by telephone at least twenty four (24) hours in advance of the meeting, (ii) by sending a telegram, telecopy, electronic mail or other means of electronic transmission, or delivering written notice by hand, to the director’s last known business or home address at least twenty four (24) hours in advance of the meeting, or (iii) by mailing written notice to the director’s last known business or home address at least seventy two (72) hours in advance of the meeting. A notice or waiver of notice of a special meeting of the Board of Directors need not specify the purposes of the meeting.

2.12 Meetings by Telephone Conference Calls. Any meeting of the Board of Directors may be held by conference telephone or similar communication equipment, so long as all persons participating in the meeting can hear one another and can be heard; and all persons participating in such a meeting shall be deemed to be present in person at the meeting.

2.13 Quorum. A majority of the total number of the whole Board of Directors shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the Board of Directors. In the event one or more of the directors shall be disqualified to vote at any meeting, then the required quorum shall be reduced by one for each such director so disqualified; provided, however, that in no case shall less than one-third (1/3) of the number of directors so fixed constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum at any such meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice, other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present.

2.14 Action at Meeting. At any meeting of the Board of Directors at which a quorum is present, the vote of a majority of those present shall be sufficient to take any action, unless a different vote is specified by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Amended and Restated By-Laws.

2.15 Action by Consent. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board or such committee, as applicable, consent to the action in writing or by electronic transmission and such writings or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee of the Board of Directors. Such filings shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.

 

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2.16 Committees. The Board of Directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors and subject to the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it. Unless the Board of Directors provides otherwise, at all meetings of such committee, a majority of the then authorized members of the committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the vote of a majority of the members of the committee present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the committee. Each such committee shall keep minutes and make such reports as the Board of Directors may from time to time request. Except as the Board of Directors may otherwise determine, any committee may adopt a charter and make rules for the conduct of its business, but unless otherwise provided by the directors or in such charter or rules, its business shall be conducted as nearly as possible in the same manner as is provided in these Amended and Restated By-Laws for the Board of Directors.

2.17 Compensation of Directors. The directors may be paid such compensation for their services and such reimbursement for expenses of attendance at meetings as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the corporation or any of its parent or subsidiary corporations in any other capacity and receiving compensation for such service.

ARTICLE 3—OFFICERS

3.1 Enumeration. The officers of the corporation shall consist of a President, a Treasurer, a Secretary and such other officers with such other titles as the Board of Directors shall determine, including one or more Vice Presidents, Assistant Treasurers, and Assistant Secretaries. The Board of Directors may appoint such other officers as it may deem appropriate. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

3.2 Election. The President, Treasurer and Secretary shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors at its first meeting following the annual meeting of stockholders. Other officers may be appointed by the Board of Directors at such meeting or at any other meeting.

3.3 Qualification. No officer need be a stockholder of the corporation. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

3.4 Tenure. Except as otherwise provided by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Amended and Restated By-Laws, each officer shall hold office until such officer’s successor is elected and qualified, unless a different term is specified in the vote choosing or appointing him, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.

 

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3.5 Resignation and Removal. Any officer may resign by delivering his written resignation to the corporation at its principal office or to the President or Secretary. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless it is specified to be effective at some other time or upon the happening of some other future event. Any officer may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by vote of the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting.

Except as the Board of Directors may otherwise determine, no officer who resigns or is removed shall have any right to any compensation as an officer for any period following his resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of such removal, whether his compensation be by the month or by the year or otherwise, unless such compensation is expressly provided in a duly authorized written agreement with the corporation.

3.6 Vacancies. The Board of Directors may fill any vacancy occurring in any office for any reason and may, in its discretion, leave unfilled for such period as it may determine any offices other than those of President, Treasurer and Secretary. Each such successor shall hold office for the unexpired term of his or her predecessor and until his or her successor is elected and qualified, or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal.

3.7 Chairman of the Board and Vice Chairman of the Board. The Board of Directors may appoint a Chairman of the Board and a Vice Chairman of the Board. The Chairman and Vice Chairman may, but need not be, designated as officers of the corporation by the Board of Directors. If the Board of Directors appoints a Chairman of the Board, he or she shall perform such duties and possess such powers as are assigned by the Board of Directors. If the Board of Directors appoints a Vice Chairman of the Board, he or she shall, in the absence or disability of the Chairman of the Board, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chairman of the Board and shall perform such other duties and possess such other powers as are assigned by the Board of Directors.

3.8 President. The President shall, subject to the direction of the Board of Directors, have general charge and supervision of the business of the corporation. Unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, the President shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and, if the President is a director, at all meetings of the Board of Directors. Unless the Board of Directors has designated the Chairman of the Board or another officer as Chief Executive Officer, the President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the corporation. The President shall perform such other duties and shall have such other powers as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.

3.9 Vice Presidents. Any Vice President shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board of Directors or the President may from time to time assign. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the President, the Vice President (or if there shall be more than one, the Vice Presidents in the order determined by the Board of Directors) shall perform the duties of the President and when so performing shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President. The Board of Directors may assign to any Vice President the title of Executive Vice President, Senior Vice President or any other title selected by the Board of Directors.

 

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3.10 Secretary and Assistant Secretaries. The Secretary shall perform such duties and shall have such powers as the Board of Directors or the President may from time to time prescribe. In addition, the Secretary shall perform such duties and have such powers as are incident to the office of the Secretary, including without limitation the duty and power to give notices of all meetings of stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, to attend all meetings of stockholders and the Board of Directors and keep a record of the proceedings, to maintain a stock ledger and prepare lists of stockholders and their addresses as required, to be custodian of corporate records and the corporate seal and to affix and attest to the same on documents.

Any Assistant Secretary shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board of Directors, the President or the Secretary may from time to time assign. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the Secretary, the Assistant Secretary (or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the Board of Directors) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary.

In the absence of the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary at any meeting of stockholders or directors, the person presiding at the meeting shall designate a temporary secretary to keep a record of the meeting.

3.11 Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers. The Treasurer shall perform such duties and shall have such powers as the Board of Directors or the President may from time to time prescribe. In addition, the Treasurer shall perform such duties and have such powers as are incident to the office of Treasurer, including without limitation the duty and power to keep and be responsible for all funds and securities of the corporation, to deposit funds of the corporation in depositories designated from time to time by the Board of Directors, to disburse such funds as ordered by the Board of Directors, to make proper accounts of such funds, and to render as required by the Board of Directors statements of all such transactions and of the financial condition of the corporation. Unless the Board of Directors has designated another officer as Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer shall be the Chief Financial Officer of the corporation.

The Assistant Treasurers shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board of Directors, the President or the Treasurer may from time to time prescribe. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the Treasurer, the Assistant Treasurer (or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the Board of Directors) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer.

3.12 Duties of Officers May be Delegated. In case any officer is absent, or for any other reason that the Board of Directors may deem sufficient, the Chief Executive Officer or the Board of Directors may delegate for the time being the powers or duties of such officer to any other officer or to any director.

3.13 Salaries. Officers of the corporation shall be entitled to such salaries, compensation or reimbursement as shall be fixed or allowed from time to time by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof.

 

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ARTICLE 4—CAPITAL STOCK

4.1 Issuance of Stock. Unless otherwise voted by the stockholders and subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, the whole or any part of any unissued balance of the authorized capital stock of the corporation or the whole or any part of any unissued balance of the authorized capital stock of the corporation held in its treasury may be issued, sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of in such manner, for such consideration and on such terms as the Board of Directors may determine.

4.2 Certificates of Stock. Every holder of stock of the corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate, in such form as may be prescribed by law and by the Board of Directors, certifying the number and class of shares owned in the corporation. Each such certificate shall be signed by, or in the name of the corporation by, the Chairman or Vice Chairman, if any, of the Board of Directors, or the President or a Vice President, and the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the corporation. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile.

Each certificate for shares of stock that are subject to any restriction on transfer pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation, the By-Laws, applicable securities laws or any agreement among any number of stockholders or among such holders and the corporation shall have conspicuously noted on the face or back of the certificate either the full text of the restriction or a statement of the existence of such restriction.

4.3 Transfers. Except as otherwise established by rules and regulations adopted by the Board of Directors, and subject to applicable law, shares of stock may be transferred on the books of the corporation by the surrender to the corporation or its transfer agent of the certificate representing such shares properly endorsed or accompanied by a written assignment or power of attorney properly executed, and with such proof of authority or the authenticity of signature as the corporation or its transfer agent may reasonably require. Except as may be otherwise required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Amended and Restated By-Laws, the corporation shall be entitled to treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of such stock for all purposes, including the payment of dividends and the right to vote with respect to such stock, regardless of any transfer, pledge or other disposition of such stock, until the shares have been transferred on the books of the corporation in accordance with the requirements of these Amended and Restated By-Laws.

4.4 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. The corporation may issue a new certificate of stock in place of any previously issued certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed, upon such terms and conditions as the Board of Directors may prescribe, including the presentation of reasonable evidence of such loss, theft or destruction and the giving of such indemnity as the Board of Directors may require for the protection of the corporation or any transfer agent or registrar.

4.5 Record Date. The Board of Directors may fix in advance a date as a record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders (or any adjournment thereof), or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of

 

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stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action. Such record date shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other action to which such record date relates.

If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day before the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day before the day on which the meeting is held. The record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating to such purpose.

A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

ARTICLE 5—RECORDS AND REPORTS

5.1 Maintenance and Inspection of Records. The corporation shall, either at its principal executive office or at such place or places as designated by the Board of Directors, keep a record of its stockholders listing their names and addresses and the number and class of shares held by each stockholder, a copy of these Amended and Restated By-Laws as amended to date, accounting books and other records.

Any stockholder of record, in person or by attorney or other agent, shall, upon written demand under oath stating the purpose thereof, have the right during the usual hours for business to inspect for any proper purpose the corporation’s stock ledger, a list of its stockholders, and its other books and records and to make copies or extracts therefrom. A proper purpose shall mean a purpose reasonably related to such person’s interest as a stockholder. In every instance where an attorney or other agent is the person who seeks the right to inspection, the demand under oath shall be accompanied by a power of attorney or such other writing that authorizes the attorney or other agent to so act on behalf of the stockholder. The demand under oath shall be directed to the corporation at its registered office in Delaware or at its principal place of business.

5.2 Inspection by Director. Any director shall have the right to examine the corporation’s stock ledger, a list of its stockholders and its other books and records for a purpose reasonably related to his or her position as a director. The Court of Chancery is hereby vested with the exclusive jurisdiction to determine whether a director is entitled to the inspection sought. The Court may summarily order the corporation to permit the director to inspect any and all books and records, the stock ledger, and the stock list and to make copies or extracts therefrom. The Court may, in its discretion, prescribe any limitations or conditions with reference to the inspection, or award such other and further relief as the Court may deem just and proper.

5.3 Representation of Shares of Other Corporations. The President or the Secretary, or any other officer of this corporation authorized by the Board of Directors is authorized to vote, represent, and exercise on behalf of this corporation all rights incident to any and all shares of any other corporation or corporations standing in the name of this corporation. The authority

 

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herein granted may be exercised either by such person directly or by any other person authorized to do so by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by such person having the authority.

ARTICLE 6—GENERAL PROVISIONS

6.1 Fiscal Year. Except as from time to time otherwise designated by the Board of Directors, the fiscal year of the corporation shall end on the Saturday in December or January nearest the last day of December in each year and the new fiscal year shall begin on the Sunday thereafter.

 

6.2	Corporate Seal. The corporate seal shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board of Directors.

6.3 Waiver of Notice. Whenever any notice is required to be given by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Amended and Restated By-Laws, a waiver of such notice either in writing signed by the person entitled to such notice or such person’s duly authorized attorney, or by telegraph, cable, electronic mail or any other available method, whether before, at or after the time stated in such waiver, or the appearance of such person or persons at such meeting in person, by means of remote communications, if authorized, or by proxy shall be deemed equivalent to such notice. Where such an appearance is made for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting has not been lawfully called or convened, the appearance shall not be deemed equivalent to notice.

6.4 Exclusive Forum. Unless the corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim for breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation to the corporation or the corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Amended and Restated By-Laws or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each case subject to said Court of Chancery having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein.

6.5 Checks; Drafts; Evidences of Indebtedness. From time to time, the Board of Directors or an officer or officers authorized by the Board of Directors shall determine which officer, officers, person or persons may sign or endorse all checks, drafts, other orders for payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness that are issued in the name of or payable to the corporation, and only the persons so authorized shall sign or endorse those instruments.

6.6 Corporate Contracts and Instruments; How Executed. The Board of Directors, except as otherwise provided in these Amended and Restated By-Laws, may authorize any officer or officers, or agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation; such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized or ratified by the Board of Directors or within the agency power

 

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of an officer, no officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount.

6.7 Evidence of Authority. A certificate by the Secretary, any Assistant Secretary, or any temporary secretary, as to any action taken by the stockholders, the Board of Directors, a committee of the Board of Directors, or any officer or representative of the corporation shall, as to all persons who rely on the certificate in good faith, be conclusive evidence of such action.

6.8 Certificate of Incorporation. All references in these Amended and Restated By-Laws to the Certificate of Incorporation shall be deemed to refer to the Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation, as amended or restated and in effect from time to time.

6.9 Transactions with Interested Parties. No contract or transaction between the corporation and one or more of the directors or officers, or between the corporation and any other corporation, partnership, association, or other organization in which one or more of the directors or officers are directors or officers, or have a financial interest, shall be void or voidable solely for this reason, or solely because the director or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee of the Board of Directors that authorizes the contract or transaction or solely because his or their votes are counted for such purpose, if:

(1) The material facts as to his or her relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the Board of Directors or the committee, and the Board of Directors or committee of the Board of Directors in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by the affirmative votes of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though the disinterested directors be less than a quorum;

(2) The material facts as to his or her relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the contract or transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the stockholders; or

(3) The contract or transaction is fair as to the corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified by the Board of Directors, a committee of the Board of Directors, or the stockholders.

Common or interested directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the Board of Directors or of a committee that authorizes the contract or transaction.

6.10 Construction; Definitions. Unless the context requires otherwise, the general provisions, rules of construction, and definitions in the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware shall govern the construction of these Amended and Restated By-Laws. Without limiting the generality of this provision, (a) the singular number includes the plural, and the plural number includes the singular; (b) the term “person” includes a corporation, a partnership, an entity and a natural person; and (c) all pronouns include the masculine, feminine or neuter, singular or plural, as the identity of the person or persons may require.

 

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6.11 Provisions Additional to Provisions of Law. All restrictions, limitations, requirements and other provisions of these Amended and Restated By-Laws shall be construed, insofar as possible, as supplemental and additional to all provisions of law applicable to the subject matter thereof and shall be fully complied with in addition to the said provisions of law unless such compliance shall be illegal.

6.12 Provisions Contrary to Provisions of Law; Severability. Any article, section, subsection, subdivision, sentence, clause or phrase of these Amended and Restated By-Laws that, upon being construed in the manner provided in Section 6.10 hereof, shall be contrary to or inconsistent with any applicable provisions of law, shall not apply so long as said provisions of law shall remain in effect, but such result shall not affect the validity or applicability of any other portions of these Amended and Restated By-Laws, it being hereby declared that these Amended and Restated By-Laws and each article, section, subsection, subdivision, sentence, clause or phrase thereof, would have been adopted irrespective of the fact that any one or more articles, sections, subsections, subdivisions, sentences, clauses or phrases is or are illegal.

6.13 Notices. Any reference in these Amended and Restated By-Laws to the time a notice is given or sent means, unless otherwise expressly provided, the time a written notice by mail is deposited in the United States mails, postage prepaid; or the time any other written notice is personally delivered to the recipient or is delivered to a common carrier for transmission, or actually transmitted by the person giving the notice by electronic means, to the recipient; or the time any oral notice is communicated, in person or by telephone or wireless, to the recipient or to a person at the office of the recipient who the person giving the notice has reason to believe will promptly communicate it to the recipient.

ARTICLE 7—AMENDMENTS

Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, these Amended and Restated By-Laws may be adopted, amended or repealed at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat. Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, these Amended and Restated By-Laws may also be altered, amended or repealed, and new By-Laws adopted, by the Board of Directors, acting by majority vote of the entire Board, subject to the right of the stockholders to adopt, amend or repeal the By-Laws as provided above.

 

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