Cleanup crews stepped up efforts Thursday to remove oil-fouled water from the ocean—and contaminated earth and sand from the shore—after a ruptured pipeline spewed up to an estimated 2,500 barrels, or 105,000 gallons, of crude oil in Santa Barbara County, Calif.

Officials said at a news conference Thursday morning that they had made the cleanup response a 24- hour-a -day operation and so far had removed more than 7,700 gallons of oily water mixture from the ocean and 400 yards of saturated soil from the site of Tuesday's spill, which came from a pipeline operated by Plains All American Pipeline LP.

Workers for Plains All American Pipeline have been digging up soil contaminated by the spill along the ruptured pipeline, and planned to continue through Thursday, said a Plains spokeswoman at the joint command center established by federal and state agencies at the spill site. It was unclear when crews might begin digging up the section of pipe that leaked the oil, she said.

State wildlife officials said they have rescued five brown pelicans that had been coated with oil. They are being kept at a local wildlife care facility, the officials said, where the birds are gaining strength before being moved and cleaned at another Southern California facility.

Officials said Wednesday the oil that had reached the water, estimated at 21,000 gallons, had spread into two large patches in the Pacific Ocean, covering an area about 9 miles long. Democratic Gov. Jerry Brown declared a state of emergency in the county Wednesday evening, freeing up emergency state funding and resources to help in the cleanup.

Cleanup crews from state and federal agencies were on hand at Refugio State Beach, the site of the spill 140 miles north of Los Angeles. The area is a protected cove prized by surfers, kayakers, campers and fishing enthusiasts and home to seals, sea lions and birds.

The spill is being investigated by the Environmental Protection Agency and the federal Transportation Department. Santa Barbara County District Attorney Joyce Dudley and state Attorney General Kamala Harris said they are looking into the spill for possible criminal prosecution or civil liability.

Cassandra Sweet contributed to this article.

Write to Alejandro Lazo at alejandro.lazo@wsj.com

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