By Christina Rexrode 

Bank of America Corp. shareholders gave Chairman and CEO Brian Moynihan a vote of confidence Wednesday by re-electing all of the bank's directors, despite some investor concern over the board's decision to make him chairman.

In a two-hour meeting in the bank's headquarters city of Charlotte, N.C., Mr. Moynihan also laid out his defense for keeping Bank of America together. The board's lead independent director went through the company's rationale for elevating Mr. Moynihan to the chairman job last fall.

Both issues have been at the forefront for the bank in recent weeks. A shareholder proposal asking the bank to examine splitting itself in two, separating the consumer bank from the investment bank, had gained some attention but didn't pass at Wednesday's meeting.

The bank didn't immediately disclose the margins by which the board members were elected, unusual for a company that has typically released vote tallies on its directors on the same day as the meeting. Two influential proxy-advisory firms, Institutional Shareholder Services and Glass Lewis, had previously recommended that investors vote against the head of the board's corporate-governance committee, Tom May, because of the way that the board promoted Mr. Moynihan to chairman. ISS also recommended that investors vote against the three other board members who are on the corporate governance committee.

Mr. May is a longtime board member and considered a close ally of Mr. Moynihan.

Even before the ISS and Glass Lewis recommendations, some shareholders had criticized the board for making Mr. Moynihan chairman without consulting investors ahead of time. The bank announced Monday that it will let shareholders vote on the board's decision at some point in the next year, though it hasn't given details.

At the meeting, Mr. Moynihan reiterated what has become a mantra in the five years that he has been CEO: that the banking industry, and Bank of America in particular, are simpler and better capitalized than they were going into the crisis. It's a point that has been lost in some discussions, Mr. Moynihan said.

"Are we more risky than we were before the crisis? Have we gotten bigger? Are we trying to repeal the legislation that changed the terms under which we operate?" Mr. Moynihan said at the meeting, which was attended by about 200 people. "Believe me, this isn't the case."

Some of the controversy around making Mr. Moynihan chairman came because the board overrode a binding rule that shareholders passed in 2009 requiring the two jobs be separated.

Jack Bovender, a board member who became the lead independent director when Mr. Moynihan was elevated to chairman, said he realized over the past two or three weeks that large investors were unhappy that the board hadn't sought their input beforehand.

"It became apparent to me through those conversations that they were right," Mr. Bovender said. "They deserved the right as shareholders to vote yes or no."

Mr. Moynihan called Mr. Bovender on Saturday to suggest letting shareholders vote on the matter, Mr. Bovender said during the meeting. Mr. Moynihan said afterward that he wanted to "clear the air."

But Mr. Bovender also defended Mr. Moynihan as chairman, and said that investors' concerns had been more about how Mr. Moynihan became chairman rather than about Mr. Moynihan's leadership. The 2009 shareholder proposal was passed under a different CEO, and when the company was "badly broken," Mr. Bovender said. He called Mr. Moynihan a "high-performing" leader.

"I thought personally that he deserved to have that combination of chairman and CEO," said Mr. Bovender, who is the former chairman and CEO of the hospital chain HCA Inc. "I still feel that today."

About 94% of shareholders approved of Mr. Moynihan's pay package, in line with last year's approval rating, according to a preliminary tally from the bank. The bank paid him $13 million for 2014, down from $14 million the year before.

The meeting was largely cordial. Other shareholders praised the bank for its work on housing for military veterans and low-income borrowers, and the bank said it would continue to reduce its lending exposure to coal-mining companies.

Some shareholders asked about the bank's stock price, which is still far below where it was before the financial crisis, and the dividend, which remains below that of rivals such as J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. and Wells Fargo & Co.

"We still have work to do," Mr. Moynihan said. "We fully admit that."

Write to Christina Rexrode at christina.rexrode@wsj.com

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