bank borrowings        2.6       351,334       395,361        42,965       568,450     1,911,451     3,269,561     3,012,766 
                             ------------  ------------  ------------  ------------  ------------  ------------  ------------ 
                                  615,916       403,839        46,708       571,814     1,998,753     3,637,030     3,380,235 
                                  =======       =======       =======       =======       =======       =======       ======= 
 
   33.     FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - continued 
   (b)     Financial risk management objectives and policies - continued 

Liquidity risk - continued

The amounts of financial guarantee liabilities, as set out in note 39, are the maximum amounts the Group could be required to settle under the arrangement for the full guaranteed amount if that amount is claimed by the counterparty to the guarantee. Based on expectations at the end of the reporting period, the Group considers that it is more likely than not that such an amount will not be payable under the arrangement. However, this estimate is subject to change depending on the probability of the counterparty claiming under the guarantee which is a function of the likelihood that the financial receivables held by the counterparty which are guaranteed suffer credit losses.

The amounts included above for variable rate bank borrowings are subject to change if changes in variable interest rates differ to those estimates of interest rates determined at the end of the reporting period.

   (c)     Fair value measurement of financial instruments 

the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities are determined in accordance with generally accepted pricing models which is based on discounted cash flows analysis using the relevant prevailing market rates as input.

The directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded at amortised cost in the consolidated financial statements approximate their fair values.

   34.     OPERATING LEASE ARRANGEMENTS 

The Group as lessee

Minimum lease payments paid under operating leases during the year are HK$1,325,000 (2013: HK$1,045,000).

At the end of the reporting period, the Group had commitments for future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases in respect of rented premises which fall due as follows:

 
                                           2014             2013 
                                        HK$'000          HK$'000 
 
Within one year                             977              477 
In the second to fifth years 
 inclusive                                  834              993 
                                ---------------  --------------- 
                                          1,811            1,470 
                                       ========         ======== 
 

Leases are negotiated for the range of 1 to 2 years (2013: 1 to 2 years) with fixed monthly rentals.

   34.    OPERATING LEASE ARRANGEMENTS - continued 

The Group as lessor

The majority of the Group's investment properties were leased out under operating leases.

At the end of the reporting period, the Group had contracted with tenants for the following future minimum lease payments:

 
                                           2014             2013 
                                        HK$'000          HK$'000 
 
Within one year                         370,462          365,017 
In the second to fifth years 
 inclusive                              553,512          636,653 
Over five years                         512,189          489,571 
                                ---------------  --------------- 
                                      1,436,163        1,491,241 
                                       ========         ======== 
 

In addition to the annual minimum lease payments, the Group is entitled to, in respect of leases, in addition to committed rent, additional rental based on a specified percentage of revenue, if achieved, earned by the tenant. No such additional rental was received during the year and the preceding year.

The lease terms of the remaining leased properties range from 1 to 17 years (2013: 1 to 18 years).

   35.     PLEDGE OF ASSETS 

At the end of the reporting period, the Group had pledged the following assets to secure banking facilities granted to the Group:

(a) Fixed charges on investment properties and property, plant and equipment with an aggregate carrying value of HK$10,058,375,000 (2013: HK$9,486,635,000) together with a floating charge over all the assets of the properties owning subsidiaries and benefits accrued to the relevant properties.

   (b)     Fixed charges on hotel properties with aggregate carrying values of HK$947,053,000 (2013: HK$974,569,000) together with a floating charge over all the assets of the properties owning subsidiaries and benefits accrued to the relevant properties. 

(c) Fixed charges on properties under development held for sale with an aggregate carrying value of HK$961,301,000 (2013: HK$882,479,000).

(d) Fixed charge on properties for development with an aggregate carrying value of HK$119,689,000 (2013: nil).

   (e)     Note receivables of HK$54,289,000 (2013: HK$54,279,000). 
   36.     SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS 

Share Option Scheme of the Company

The share option scheme of the Company (the "Share Option Scheme") was approved by the shareholders of SEA on 27 May 2010 and by the board of directors of the Company (the "Board") on 28 May 2010. The Share Option Scheme came into effect on 16 August 2010 (the "Adoption Date") upon fulfillment of the conditions contained in the Share Option Scheme. Unless terminated earlier by the Board, the Share Option Scheme shall be valid and effective for a term of 10 years until 15 August 2020.

The purpose of the Share Option Scheme is to provide a flexible means to recognise and acknowledge the performance and/or contribution of any (i) director or employee of the Company or any of its affiliates; (ii) representative, manager, agent, contractor, advisor, consultant, distributor or supplier engaged by the Company or any of its affiliates; (iii) customer, promoter, business ally or joint-venture partner of the Company or any of its affiliates; or (iv) trustee of any trust established for the benefit of employees of the Company or any of its affiliates.

Under the Share Option Scheme, the Board (or any committee delegated by the Board) may offer to the eligible participants options to subscribe for shares of the Company at a price at least the highest of (i) the closing price of the share of the Company on the AIM Market on the date of grant of the option; (ii) the average of the closing price of the share of the Company on the AIM Market for the five business days immediately preceding the date of grant of the option; and (iii) the par value of the share of the Company.

Without prior approval of the shareholders of SEA in general meetings, no option may be granted to (a) an eligible participant which, if exercised in full, would result in the total number of shares issued and to be issued upon exercise of all options already granted or to be granted to such eligible participant in any 12-month period, exceeding 1% of the shares of the Company then in issue; and (b) a substantial shareholder and/or an independent non-executive director of the Company or SEA or any of their respective associates which, if exercised in full, would result in the total number of shares issued and to be issued upon exercise of all options granted or to be granted to such person in any 12-month period, exceeding 0.1% of the shares of the Company then in issue and with an aggregate value exceeding HK$5 million (or its equivalent amount in British Pound).

Options granted must be taken up within 28 days from the date of grant upon payment of HK$10 (or its equivalent amount in British Pound or United States dollars). The period during which an option may be exercised is determined by the Board (or any committee delegated by the Board) at its absolute discretion, save that no option may be exercised more than 10 years after it has been granted. Unless otherwise determined by the Board (or any committee delegated by the Board) at its sole discretion, there is no minimum period for which an option must be held before it can be exercised.

No option was granted since the Adoption Date of the Share Option Scheme.

   36.     SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS - continued 

Share Award Scheme of the Company

The share award scheme of the Company (the "Share Award Scheme") was approved by the shareholders of SEA on 27 May 2010 and by the Board on 28 May 2010 and came into effect on the Adoption Date. Unless terminated earlier by the Board, the Share Award Scheme shall be valid and effective for a term of 15 years until 15 August 2025.

The purpose of the Share Award Scheme is to provide a flexible means to recognise and acknowledge the performance and/or contribution of the eligible participants. Under the Share Award Scheme, the Board (or any committee delegated by the Board) may at its absolute discretion grant awards, which may comprise (a) new shares of the Company; (b) existing shares of the Company in issue and is listed on the AIM Market from time to time; (c) cash in lieu of the shares of the Company; or (d) a combination of (a), (b) and (c), to any eligible participants as it thinks fit and appropriate and subject to the terms and conditions of the Share Award Scheme. No award may be granted under the Share Award Scheme if the aggregate number of shares which may be issued and/or transferred upon vesting of all outstanding awards granted under the Share Award Scheme and any other share award scheme of the Company and which may be issued upon exercise of all outstanding options granted and yet to be exercised under any share option scheme of the Company exceed 30% of the shares of the Company in issue from time to time.

No award was granted since the Adoption Date of the Share Award Scheme.

Share OptionScheme of SEA

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