BRUSSELS--European Union regulators will explain Friday why they believe Amazon.com Inc.'s tax arrangements in Luxembourg violated EU law, a person familiar with the matter said Thursday.

The European Commission, the bloc's top antitrust regulator, opened a formal probe in October to examine whether a tax deal granted to Amazon in Luxembourg amounted to illegal state support for the company. If those suspicions are confirmed, Luxembourg could be required to recover from Amazon any funds that amount to selective state subsidies, which are illegal under EU law.

The investigation is part of a wider EU clampdown on allegedly illegal tax sweeteners that has also ensnared Apple Inc. in Ireland, Fiat SpA in Luxembourg and Starbucks Corp. in the Netherlands.

The commission has said it is concerned that a 2003 tax deal granted to Amazon in Luxembourg-and still in force-effectively caps the U.S. company's tax payments in the Grand Duchy.

Write to Tom Fairless at tom.fairless@wsj.com

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