By Dan Strumpf 

U.S. stocks extended their losses into the afternoon, as mixed economic data fueled a selloff in technology and small-company shares that until recently had been strong performers.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 246 points, or 1.4%, to 17784. The S&P 500 index dropped 29 points, or 1.4%, to 2078. The Nasdaq Composite Index shed 100 points, or 2%, to 4923.

The losses deepened ahead of the close of trading, with biotechnology stocks and shares of small companies leading the declines. Those have been among the market's biggest gainers in recent months, but have reversed course in the last several sessions.

"The market [is] punishing all the crowded trades at once," said Michael Antonelli, an equity sales trader at Robert W. Baird in Milwaukee.

The Nasdaq Biotechnology Index fell 4%. The Russell 2000 index of small-capitalization stocks shed 2.2%.

Stocks kicked off the session lower following a flurry of data that underscored a recent downshift in the U.S. economy. While weekly jobless claims fell to the lowest level in 15 years, a report on consumer spending showed a smaller-than-expected pickup in March, while inflation undershot the Federal Reserve's 2% target for the 35th month in a row. The data came one day after the Commerce Department reported the U.S. economy grew just 0.2% during the first three months of the year, well below expectations.

"People are still kind of smarting from the GDP number," said Ted Weisberg, a trader at Seaport Securities. "You can wrap any excuse around bad economic numbers, but at the end of the day they're just excuses."

Information technology stocks posted some of the biggest losses Thursday as shares of Apple Inc. sank 2.7%. The pullback follows a report in The Wall Street Journal that a key component of the Apple Watch made by one of two suppliers was found to be defective. The broader S&P 500 Information Technology index lost 1.6%.

Thursday's decline is the second straight loss for stocks, but both the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq Composite remain close to all-time highs reached just last week. On Wednesday, the Dow slipped 0.4%.

European stocks rebounded from Wednesday's steep losses. Germany's DAX added 0.2%, while France's CAC 40 gained 0.1%.

For months, investors have been calling for a pickup in spending, as consumers benefit from lower oil prices. While oil prices have rebounded in recent weeks, they still remain down about 45% from last June. Increased spending could boost corporate revenues, and in turn, profits.

"What's been interesting is the buildup in the savings rate over the last couple of months and the fact that consumers have not yet begun to spend that supposed windfall from gasoline prices coming down," said Ben Pace, chief investment officer of HPM Partners, which manages $6 billion. He said he continued to favor consumer discretionary stocks as he expects spending to eventually increase, also driven by improvement in the labor market.

Crude-oil futures on Thursday rose 1.8% to $59.63 a barrel, their highest settlement since Dec.11. Gold futures fell 2.3% to $1182.40 an ounce.

The yield on the 10-year Treasury note rose to 2.096% from 2.035% on Wednesday. Yields rise as prices fall.

Exxon Mobil Corp., the biggest U.S. oil company, posted sharp declines in profit and revenue in the first quarter as it contended with a slump in oil prices. Shares fell 0.5%.

Shares of Viacom Inc. fell 4.1% after the media company said it swung to a loss in its March quarter and took a hefty charge to restructure its business.

Time Warner Cable Inc. posted disappointing profit and revenue for the first quarter. Shares fell 1.5%.

Write to Dan Strumpf at daniel.strumpf@wsj.com

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