By Tess Stynes 

Amgen Inc. said fourth-quarter earnings rose about 27%, as sales growth was again driven by key drugs such as cancer therapy Kyprolis and osteoporosis treatment Prolia.

The results easily beat expectations.

Amgen reported a quarterly profit of $1.29 billion, or $1.68 a share, up from $1.02 billion, or $1.33 a share, a year earlier.

Excluding acquisition and restructuring-related charges and other items, earnings rose to $2.16 a share from $1.82. Revenue increased 6.4% to $5.33 billion. Analysts polled by Thomson Reuters projected a per-share profit of $2.05 and revenue of $5.2 billion.

Amgen, based in Thousand Oaks, Calif., has continued to showcase its drug pipeline, which includes the potential for a number of product launches this year. Like other big drug makers, Amgen needs to bring new treatments to market, as older ones face the threat of low-price competition.

During October, the company laid out streamlining plans aimed at generating as much as $1.5 billion in annual cost savings by 2018. In Tuesday's report, Amgen indicated it realized $300 million under its long-term cost-savings plan during 2014.

The company has faced pressure from activist Dan Loeb, who has urged Amgen to trim its research and development structure and potentially break up, separating its mature business from faster-growing operations, an idea proposed earlier by Sanford Bernstein analyst Geoffrey Porges.

In the latest reporting quarter, sales of Kyprolis rose by 25% to $91 million, while sales for 2014 totaled $331 million in the first full year of commercialization since Amgen's $10.4 billion acquisition of Onyx Pharmaceuticals Inc. in 2013.

The drug was approved in the U.S. in 2012 as a treatment for a blood cancer known as multiple myeloma. On Tuesday, Amgen said it had submitted a supplemental new drug application in the U.S. and an application for regulatory approval in the European Union for Kyprolis as a treatment for relapsed multiple myeloma.

Combined sales of Neulasta and Neupogen, both of which are used to prevent infections in patients receiving chemotherapy, rose 3%. Neulasta sales rose 7% to $1.18 billion, mostly thanks to higher prices, but Neupogen sales fell 11% to $274 million amid lower-priced competition in the U.S.

Sales of Amgen's osteoporosis drugs again improved thanks to stronger volume. Prolia revenue climbed by a third to $315 million, while XGeva sales jumped 14% to $325 million. Enbrel sales increased 11% to $1.34 billion.

Amgen also reaffirmed its guidance for 2015.

Write to Tess Stynes at tess.stynes@wsj.com

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