By Brent Kendall 

The U.S. Supreme Court on Monday refused to make it easier to hold companies liable for encouraging others to commit patent infringement.

The high court's decision came in a patent fight between Internet services companies Akamai Technologies Inc. and Limelight Networks Inc. Akamai filed a lawsuit in 2006 alleging Limelight copied its technology for helping website owners manage their online traffic more efficiently.

A divided U.S. appeals court ruled Akamai could proceed with claims that Limelight encouraged customers to infringe the Akamai patent.

The Supreme Court reversed that ruling in a unanimous opinion that sided with Limelight. The court, in an opinion written by Justice Samuel Alito, said a company can't be held liable for encouraging patent infringement unless some single party performs every step in the patent.

Justice Alito said a specialized appeals court that ruled for Akamai "fundamentally misunderstands what it means to infringe a method patent."

Several leading technology companies including Google Inc., Facebook Inc. and Oracle Corp., had supported Limelight in the case, saying a win for Akamai could have opened the door to new patent infringement lawsuits and escalated litigation costs.

Write to Brent Kendall at brent.kendall@wsj.com

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